High School of Commerce - Annual Yearbook (Cleveland, OH)

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made clear. The balance sheet is analyzed and the student is required to tell why the difference between the two sides of an account is a loss, gain, re- source, or liability. The training here given must be so thorough that our pupils may be of immediate use in a business office. T Qlpplieh Qrts - Manual Qrts OMPETITION in business at the present time is largely one of quality, skill and beauty. A knowledge of construction, of design and color, a study of the materials and processes of production are necessary in success- ful selecting and buying. The future business man is given skill in the cor- rect display and convincing advertisement, and intelligent sale of his stock. The clerk is directed in his arrangement of window and show-case. The stenographer is shown how to space his letters and business papers, and is directed in the printing of placards, notices and labels. The aim of the courses is not so much to give proficiency in the arts and crafts as to give discrimination and judgment. Sburtbanh Department T is the purpose of this department to train girls and boys for responsible positions as stenographers. With the study of the principles of shorthand comes a broadening of the student's knowledge of English-correct enuncia- tion, the meaning and use of words, and a larger vocabulary. As the work progresses, facility and accuracy are developed in both shorthand and touch typewriting. In typewriting special attention is given to correct arrange- ment of letters and miscellaneous forms. At the end of the course the student is able to write in shorthand his own thoughts or the dictation of others, and to transcribe the same on the typewriter neatly and accurately. Clibemistrp N the work in chemistry an effort is made to acquaint the pupil with the properties, and the uses resulting from such properties, of the many com- modities about which the bulk of trade is centered. In the laboratory the pupil is taught to classify the different grades of the raw and finished materials and a drill is given in practical and easy tests for the purity or for adulterants commonly found in these materials. Frequent excursions are made by the class to many of the local manu- facturing establishments where the principles studied in the class room are seen in actual operation. 14

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Qntzrutan history, Glihits ano jililunitipal Qftihitizs AGAZINE articles, selected books, consular reports, are by way of sug- gestion. Closely correlated with the history, civics opens the way to a serious effort to acquaint our pupils with the main features of our national and state governments, with additional emphasis on the government of Cleve- land as an illustration of municipal activities. Lessons are prepared from the streets, shops and factories. Iaistorp of Qllommerte HE main purpose of the course in history is to give the students a gen- eral view of the growth of commerce. It tries to show them how the institutions of commerce, such as banking, transportation systems, commer- cial associations, etc., began and developed into what they are today, and how they have helped commerce, how closely commerce is related to other activities. and what a factor it has been in shaping political questions. It aims to give the student a new point of view, to broaden his horizon. to help him to appreciate better what the past has done for us, as well as to realize better the advantages and opportunities of the present. Eopartment of Qinglish HE course of training in the use of English is based upon the principles of practical efficiency. Commercial correspondence must be clear in meaning, concise and correct in form and forceful in tone. The aim of the composition work in this school is to drill continuously on these principles until the student habitually observes them in practice. Prose rather than poetic selections are read. By means of thorough training the student acquires: Command of an expressive vocabulary: Skill in construction of sentences and paragraphsg A habit of speaking the language intelligently, Familiarity with styles of authors noted for clear, forceful, concise ex- pression of thought. Bepartmrnt of Bookkeeping E aim to master the definitions of words, phrases and terms used in this subject that the student may be enabled to master the principles. All the papers handled by the pupil are explained and their importance empha- sized. The books of original entry are discussed and their legal importance 13 .

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Eepattment of 1BiJpsitaI Training anh Ilapgizne HIS department aims to promote the health and vigor of pupils and to aid them in securing and maintaining a high standard of physical effi- ciency. The means of accomplishing this are, first, a progressive course of physical training, including hygienic, educational and recreative gymnastics. Second, a series of talks on hygiene, sanitation, relation of good health to a successful career, effects of alcohol and narcotics, etc. Q All pupils are given a thorough physical examination before they are permitted to enter the gymnasium classes. If any irregularities are found special attention is given. Aside from the regular Work, every pupil is en- couraged to participate in some form of competitive activity. Bepartment nf jlillatljematits HE work of the Department of Mathematics is designed to meet the clearly defined vocational aim of the school. Emphasis is therefore placed upon the practical side of the subject, and yet, by the judicious elim- ination of topics and correlation of subjects, we aim to retain that which is really essential and most valuable in developing the pupil's reasoning powers. By insisting upon absolute accuracy in all calculations, we strive to develop the habit of concentration of effort, sustained attention and industry. A constant effort is made to relate the work to the various business activities of the city. 15