Hayfield Secondary School - Harvester Yearbook (Alexandria, VA)

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CANCER research institutes around the world produced preponderant evidence that lung cancer was more pre¬ valent among tobacco smokers than among non-smokers. Under pressure from the Federal Communications Com¬ mission the tobacco industry agreed to discontinue radio and television advertizing by September, 1970. During this same time, cigarette manufacturers were required to print on the label of each package, “Warning the Surgeon General Has Determined That Cigarette Smoking is Dan¬ gerous to Your Health.” This warning was also required in all printed advertisements of cigarettes. DRUG ABUSE is one of the serious problems of our time and the legislation that was passed affected us. Illegal pos¬ session of drugs is a misdemeanor punishable by a $1,000 fine or up to one year imprisonment, or both, for the first offense; and a $10,000 fine or up to three years imprison¬ ment, or both, for any subsequent offense. Thus, the teen¬ ager or college student, who took a brief fling with pot in¬ vited not only undesirable side effects, but also, legal dan¬ gers and the stigma of carrying a criminal record that held vast implications in his future. In most areas of the U.S., it became difficult—if not impossible—for a young person with a narcotics conviction to enter such professions as teaching and law, and usually as difficult to gain employ¬ ment in some industries. Addictive drugs are concern world wide as well as to us. The U.S. Narcotics Bureau estimate that half-million addicts in the U.S. use from 6 to 10 tons of heroin a year. Fifty-seven countries grow and produce heroin and valiant efforts to curb imports have been made. In 1974 there were more than a half-million Americans who drank to excess, making alcoholism the nations num¬ ber one drug problem. The number of problem drinkers, was 36 times greater than the number addicted to hard drugs. ENERGY CRISIS was a phrase that became a reality in 1973. The whole problem centered around the avail¬ ability of crude oil from which propane, gasoline, and many other fuels and chemicals are derived. As fuel needs for indus¬ try, home, and transporta¬ tion increased at an accel¬ erating rate, the output of most oil producing areas failed to keep pace with the demand. Although geologists say this crisis was long on its way, most of us will remember it as coming suddenly. Both Federal and State laws were en¬ acted to cope with the many problems and cutbacks were instituted for home, industry, and business: gas stations were ordered closed on Sundays; airline flights were cut; speed limits were reduced across the nation; big neon ad¬ vertising signs were turned off. The Federal Energy Ad¬ ministration was created. It became a global problem and some European countries banned Sunday auto driv¬ ing. Prices for gasoline, heating oil, and residual oil sky¬ rocketed. Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and other Persian Gulf producers imposed an embargo October 17, 1973 on all exports of oil. They aimed specifically to hurt nations that were helping the Israelis in their war with the Arabs. The energy pinch hurt all industrialized nations of Europe, as well as other energy consuming countries around the world. At the start of the year Great Britain went on a 3 day work week to conserve energy and President Nixon pro¬ claimed a year-round Daylight Savings Time. Many people believed that the energy crisis wasn’t real, but manipulated by the big oil companies who have world wide investments, so in January 1974, four congressional committees opened hearings to have the $100 billion oil industry prove that the energy crisis was real. Meanwhile, scientists and engineers turned their atten¬ tion to other sources of energy that previously could not compete with the low cost of gasoline and fuel oils. An ex¬ perimental solar heating system was installed at a high school in Warrenton. TRANSPO ’72, the world’s first international transpor¬ tation exposition was held at Dulles International Airport in May and June of 1972. 20 the world we lived in while at hay field

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THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT reached its peak of momentum during the sixties, however, certain aspects of human rights became major controversial issues in many states across the country. Foremost was the bussing of stu¬ dents to attain racial balances in our public schools. This issue had little if any effect on our student life at Hayfield, possibly because the school had been integrated from the start. A part of the Civil Rights issue given little publicity, was the protection of women from discrimination due to sex. This action became known as the Womens’ Liberation Movement and its most active leaders seized upon the 50th Anniversary of the Womens’ Suffrage League in 1970, as a time publicize what little progress women had in Civil Rights. THE UNITED NATIONS general assembly by a 76 to 35 vote on October 25, 1971, admitted the People’s Re¬ public of China as a member and expelled the Chinese Nationalists government of Formosa. HARRY S. TRUMAN, 33rd President of the Unit¬ ed States died on Decem¬ ber 26, 1972 after being hospitalized since Decem¬ ber 5th for pulmonary con¬ gestion. He was sworn into office on April 12, 1945 after the death of Presi¬ dent Franklin D. Roose¬ velt. At the time Truman became President, allied armies were winning the war in Germany and pre¬ paring to invade Japan. Germany surrendered on May 7, 1945 and Japan surrend¬ ered on August 14th. President Truman was reelected in 1948 in what was termed as a great political upset. SPACE TRAVEL was still the big news of our life as we entered Hayfield School in 1970. Apollo 13 was launched April 13, 1970. When an oxygen tank exploded while in the third day in space, the astronauts cancelled the planned moon landing, swung around the moon, and coasted back to earth. The Apollo Program ended with Apollo 17. The progress and feats continued with each trip. Apollo 14, launched January 31, 1971, was targeted for the same area that Apollo 13 had planned to land. It land¬ ed successfully on February 5. Apollo 15 was the first of a final group of three flights to use the battery powered electric auto to increase the time and extent of lunar exploration. They covered a total of 17.4 miles during July 30, 31 and August 1, 1971. Apollo 16 crew carried out a successful exploration by traveling over 17 miles of the moon’s surface during April 1972 and brought back a record 210 pounds of rock and soil. Apollo 17 astronauts traveled over 23 miles of the moon’s surface in their Luna Rover. Skylab replaced the Apollo Program and NASA an¬ nounced that there would be three Skylab missions over an eight-month period. The crew of Skylab I set a new re¬ cord in space 28 days. Skylab m, the final of the series, was launched on No¬ vember 10, 1973 and returned February 8, 1974 with an all time record of over 84 days in space. The astronauts broke another record on Christmas Day when they took a 7-hour space walk. They returned with an abundance of film con¬ taining scientific data of the earth, sun, and the comet Kohoutek that was dis¬ covered early in 1973 by the Russian for whom it was named. the world we lived in while at hayfield 19

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LYNDON B. JOHNSON, 36th President of the United States died of a heart attack on January 22, 1973. He be¬ came President when John F. Kennedy was assassinated and won a full term on his own by a landslide. During his term of office he was plagued with pressures to get us out of Vietnam. Peace demonstrations were a common occur¬ ence in Washington as the President searched in vain for an honorable way to end the war. The day after he died, the Vietnam cease-fire agreement was announced. THE POPULATION INCREASE became a great con¬ cern because our ability to cope with resulting problems failed to keep pace. The national increase from 1970 through 1973 was estimated by the U.S. Census Bureau at 3.3%. During this same time the state of Virginia’s pop¬ ulation increased 3.5%, and it is believed that the percent¬ age of increase in Fairfax County was higher than most other counties in the state. We saw farms, forests, and open land bulldozed for the development of suburban housing, shopping centers, of¬ fices, and industrial complexes. Many citizens and public officials are questioning the traditional American assump¬ tion that bigger is always better. The percentage of people living in apartments, high- rises, and condominiums increased at a greater rate than those living in private homes, which is a sharp contrast in life style that America has known. THE PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION year of 1972 en¬ abled us, during our junior year, to observe the process used by our country in selecting its president and vice president. Shirley Chisholm of Brooklyn, New York, became the nation’s first Black woman representative to seek the presidential nomination. George Wallace, govenor of Alabama, also seeking the Democratic president¬ ial nomination, was shot in May, 1972 at near-by Laurel, Maryland during a campaign speech. The attack left him paralyzed from the waist down. In July 1972 the Dem¬ ocratic Convention held in Miami Beach, Flori¬ da, nominated George McGovern and Sargent Shriver to be their can¬ didates for President and Vice President respective¬ ly, and in August, 1972, the Republican Party nominated Richard Nixon and Spiro Agnew as their candidates for President and Vice President re¬ spectively. The political campaign developed into a series of controversies but Republican nominee, Richard Nixon won his reelection with a land¬ slide victory over Democrat George S. McGovern. MARK SPITS AND BOBBY FISCHER were the top two champions in the year 1972, Mark Spitz won 7 gold medals in the Olympics, more than anyone had ever won in a single Olympics. Bobby Fischer became the first American to win the world chess championship by de¬ molishing Boris Spassky from Russia. the world we lived in while at hay field 21