Hayfield Secondary School - Harvester Yearbook (Alexandria, VA)

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THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT reached its peak of momentum during the sixties, however, certain aspects of human rights became major controversial issues in many states across the country. Foremost was the bussing of stu¬ dents to attain racial balances in our public schools. This issue had little if any effect on our student life at Hayfield, possibly because the school had been integrated from the start. A part of the Civil Rights issue given little publicity, was the protection of women from discrimination due to sex. This action became known as the Womens’ Liberation Movement and its most active leaders seized upon the 50th Anniversary of the Womens’ Suffrage League in 1970, as a time publicize what little progress women had in Civil Rights. THE UNITED NATIONS general assembly by a 76 to 35 vote on October 25, 1971, admitted the People’s Re¬ public of China as a member and expelled the Chinese Nationalists government of Formosa. HARRY S. TRUMAN, 33rd President of the Unit¬ ed States died on Decem¬ ber 26, 1972 after being hospitalized since Decem¬ ber 5th for pulmonary con¬ gestion. He was sworn into office on April 12, 1945 after the death of Presi¬ dent Franklin D. Roose¬ velt. At the time Truman became President, allied armies were winning the war in Germany and pre¬ paring to invade Japan. Germany surrendered on May 7, 1945 and Japan surrend¬ ered on August 14th. President Truman was reelected in 1948 in what was termed as a great political upset. SPACE TRAVEL was still the big news of our life as we entered Hayfield School in 1970. Apollo 13 was launched April 13, 1970. When an oxygen tank exploded while in the third day in space, the astronauts cancelled the planned moon landing, swung around the moon, and coasted back to earth. The Apollo Program ended with Apollo 17. The progress and feats continued with each trip. Apollo 14, launched January 31, 1971, was targeted for the same area that Apollo 13 had planned to land. It land¬ ed successfully on February 5. Apollo 15 was the first of a final group of three flights to use the battery powered electric auto to increase the time and extent of lunar exploration. They covered a total of 17.4 miles during July 30, 31 and August 1, 1971. Apollo 16 crew carried out a successful exploration by traveling over 17 miles of the moon’s surface during April 1972 and brought back a record 210 pounds of rock and soil. Apollo 17 astronauts traveled over 23 miles of the moon’s surface in their Luna Rover. Skylab replaced the Apollo Program and NASA an¬ nounced that there would be three Skylab missions over an eight-month period. The crew of Skylab I set a new re¬ cord in space 28 days. Skylab m, the final of the series, was launched on No¬ vember 10, 1973 and returned February 8, 1974 with an all time record of over 84 days in space. The astronauts broke another record on Christmas Day when they took a 7-hour space walk. They returned with an abundance of film con¬ taining scientific data of the earth, sun, and the comet Kohoutek that was dis¬ covered early in 1973 by the Russian for whom it was named. the world we lived in while at hayfield 19

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This special section is a salute to the class of ’74. These seniors are the first to go all the way through six years edu¬ cation at Hayfield. Here is a look at those “Golden Years.” “OUR WAR” was Vietnam, however, few of us are aware that the people of Vietnam had been at war for over 25 years. Vietnam became the subject of much painful soul searching throughout this nation. While the controversy boiled all over the world, men fought and died in the rice paddies, jungle thickets, and steep mountains. In Paris, far from the battlefield, representatives of the combatants sat through endless sessions seeking a peace agreement. Bombing was halted and then expanded; it even included Cambodia. Cease fires agreements were signed and broken. Attempts of peace seemed futile but at last Dr. Henry Kissinger, our representative to Paris Peace Talks, announced at the beginning of 1973 that peace was attained and our troops were withdrawn. Dr. Kissinger became Secretary of State and winner of the Nobel Peace Prize. THE VOTING AGE was lowered to 18 when President Nixon signed a bill on June 22, 1970. On December 21, 1970, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that 18 year old Amer¬ icans have the right to vote in federal elections. AMTRACK a quasigovernmental corporation, inau¬ gurates a new passenger rail service linking about 300 cities. U.S. TROOPS were replaced by South Korean troops along the 151-mile armistice border with North Korea for the first time since the Korean War. The U.S. troops enter¬ ed the war in Korea during June of 1950. THE WORD “ECOLOGY” came into everyday usage as naturalists, and many other men of the various sciences, became successful in making humanity aware of the dread¬ ful course it was following towards its own extinction by pollution of the air and water about us: by promiscuous use of insecticides and other poisonous chemicals; and by the extravagant and destructive use of our natural resources. The year 1970 was tagged “Year of the Environment” and April 22 was designated as “Earth Day.” Laws began to be passed to protect our environment, not only from industrial abuse, but private abuse as well. Even the U.S. Wildlife reporters gave the nation shocking reports on the extinction of many species. An “animal graveyard” was featured during Earth Week at the Bronx Zoo. Each of the tombstones were marked to represent an animal that had become extinct. In 1974, 140 nations of the world, for the first time acted together and formed a United Nations Environment Pro¬ gram (UNEP) with a determined effort to stave off ecologi¬ cal disaster. It opened its headquarters in Nairobi, Kenya with a staff of 300. FOUR STUDENTS WERE KILLED at Kent State University in Ohio on May 4, 1970, as National Guard men fired their rifles into a group of anti-war demonstrators. Violence flared at several other universities as students protested the U.S. military move into Cambodia. 18 the world we lived in while at hayfield.

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CANCER research institutes around the world produced preponderant evidence that lung cancer was more pre¬ valent among tobacco smokers than among non-smokers. Under pressure from the Federal Communications Com¬ mission the tobacco industry agreed to discontinue radio and television advertizing by September, 1970. During this same time, cigarette manufacturers were required to print on the label of each package, “Warning the Surgeon General Has Determined That Cigarette Smoking is Dan¬ gerous to Your Health.” This warning was also required in all printed advertisements of cigarettes. DRUG ABUSE is one of the serious problems of our time and the legislation that was passed affected us. Illegal pos¬ session of drugs is a misdemeanor punishable by a $1,000 fine or up to one year imprisonment, or both, for the first offense; and a $10,000 fine or up to three years imprison¬ ment, or both, for any subsequent offense. Thus, the teen¬ ager or college student, who took a brief fling with pot in¬ vited not only undesirable side effects, but also, legal dan¬ gers and the stigma of carrying a criminal record that held vast implications in his future. In most areas of the U.S., it became difficult—if not impossible—for a young person with a narcotics conviction to enter such professions as teaching and law, and usually as difficult to gain employ¬ ment in some industries. Addictive drugs are concern world wide as well as to us. The U.S. Narcotics Bureau estimate that half-million addicts in the U.S. use from 6 to 10 tons of heroin a year. Fifty-seven countries grow and produce heroin and valiant efforts to curb imports have been made. In 1974 there were more than a half-million Americans who drank to excess, making alcoholism the nations num¬ ber one drug problem. The number of problem drinkers, was 36 times greater than the number addicted to hard drugs. ENERGY CRISIS was a phrase that became a reality in 1973. The whole problem centered around the avail¬ ability of crude oil from which propane, gasoline, and many other fuels and chemicals are derived. As fuel needs for indus¬ try, home, and transporta¬ tion increased at an accel¬ erating rate, the output of most oil producing areas failed to keep pace with the demand. Although geologists say this crisis was long on its way, most of us will remember it as coming suddenly. Both Federal and State laws were en¬ acted to cope with the many problems and cutbacks were instituted for home, industry, and business: gas stations were ordered closed on Sundays; airline flights were cut; speed limits were reduced across the nation; big neon ad¬ vertising signs were turned off. The Federal Energy Ad¬ ministration was created. It became a global problem and some European countries banned Sunday auto driv¬ ing. Prices for gasoline, heating oil, and residual oil sky¬ rocketed. Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and other Persian Gulf producers imposed an embargo October 17, 1973 on all exports of oil. They aimed specifically to hurt nations that were helping the Israelis in their war with the Arabs. The energy pinch hurt all industrialized nations of Europe, as well as other energy consuming countries around the world. At the start of the year Great Britain went on a 3 day work week to conserve energy and President Nixon pro¬ claimed a year-round Daylight Savings Time. Many people believed that the energy crisis wasn’t real, but manipulated by the big oil companies who have world wide investments, so in January 1974, four congressional committees opened hearings to have the $100 billion oil industry prove that the energy crisis was real. Meanwhile, scientists and engineers turned their atten¬ tion to other sources of energy that previously could not compete with the low cost of gasoline and fuel oils. An ex¬ perimental solar heating system was installed at a high school in Warrenton. TRANSPO ’72, the world’s first international transpor¬ tation exposition was held at Dulles International Airport in May and June of 1972. 20 the world we lived in while at hay field