Hawkins (DD 873) - Naval Cruise Book

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pO oG ATLANTIC OCEAN SPAIN , GVBR ' ' ' ' MEDITERRANEAN SEA MOROCCO t7 V iu 2r ic ut f959 (! c6 tait€i% Gibralrar was known to the ancient Greeks as Calpe, and, forming one of the Pillars of Hercules, Gibraltar has held a remarkable place in Mediterranean history. Gibraltar was named after Tariq ben Aaid, its name being a corruption Jabel Tariq. (Mount Tariq). Tariq invaded Andalusia in 711 A.D. with an army of 12,000 Arabs and Berbers. To secure communications with Africa, he ordered the buiWing of a strong castle on the Rock, known to the Romans as Mons Calpe, and known now as the Moorish Castle. It was taken and retaken by the Spanish and Moors respectively, finally being recon- quered by Spain in 1462. Since its capture by the British in 1704, many fruitless attempts have been made to seize it, the last being the Great Siege of 1779-1783, which terminated when the British sunk the Spanish Fleet with red-hot cannon balls. Today its fortifications are said to be a masterpiece of military art; however, its insides are a military secret. But before the war Gibraltar was known to be honeycombed with rock passages. The Barbary Apes on the Rock make a great attraction. Gibraltar saw a commendation ceremony for the men who distinguished themselves at the midships storeroom fire. In addition there appeared a lead article in the Gibraltar Cronicle praising the work of Chief Ehirham, who put out an electrical fire in a downtown Gibraltar store. We then relieved the USS WOOD and began our tour in the Mediterranean.

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