Gonzaga High School - Aetonian Yearbook (Washington, DC)

Page 68 text:

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, - I , U l N Q ' .fights ,. Tj, . Hg f ', 356 YA' ' zm llll 3. 'T ' I -gg t ,.- u J N X X 5 Albrolhotn Lincoln ond the Constitution By William Codd WE AMERICANS of the twentieth century are inclined to accept as a matter of course all the marvelous privileges accorded us by the Con- stitution of our great nation. Little do We appreciate the enormous strug- gles that were enacted before that great document became a workable in- strument of government. Reveling in the privileges of the present, secure in the solidity and power of twentieth century America, we frequently fail to realize that there were times when our very existence as a nation was severely tried. Ours was a new departure in government, and the interpretation of the principles of our Constitution aroused the storm of bitter controversy be- tween the state and federal government which threatened to destroy the life of our nation in its infancy. This was the paramount, the most vital question in our early history, the establishing of a proper balance between state and federal power. Suchcfarseeing statesmen as Alex. Hamilton real- ized that to preserve our newly won liberties, and to gain recognition among the nations of the world, a strong central government was neces- sary. Yet, to the colonies just freed from the yoke of Great Britain, strong central power was synonymous with tyranny and oppression. Under the leadership of such great advocates of democracy as Thos. Jer- ferson they bitterly opposed every measure that tended to strengthen or give prestige to the central government. In theory, those champions of democracy and state rights were correct, but in practice, they were ex- treme: and their extreme views finally led to the greatest crisis that has ever faced the nation. The climax was reached in 1861, when the states of the South, incensed over the question of slavery, declared themselves free from the union, free from the Constitution, an independent confederacy. My friends, think of what that meant to the young struggling nation: Think of what it might have meant to you and to me: We might have had between the broad borders of these United States today, not one mighty and flourishing na- tion, but a group of small, surely hostile independent nations. Had that act of secession passed unchallenged, where would be our nation of today? I65l