Glebe Collegiate Institute - Lux Glebana Yearbook (Ottawa, Ontario Canada)

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UX GLEBANACXQQ- QAEPALERE FLAMMAM ikliifr oua Y15ARs ago a group of scientifically minded members of the school organized the Glebe Science Club. Its purpose was to promote all branches of practical science in the school, to give students a chance to exchange viewpoints at organized meetings and the opportunity of studying more advanced topics than are discussed in the class-room. Under the guiding hand of Mr. Bullock the little band of 36 members became a smooth- working unit, and during the following years it grew and flourished. B In the fourth year of its existence it has in- creased to such proportions that membership had to be somewhat restricted, honour standing in Middle School Chemistry being required for enrolment. The club is divided into groups of six, each with its leader as follows:- Deerepitators . . . Radicals . . . . Creative Chemists . . . H. Gordon . J. Fairbairn . Miss M. Narraway . R. Lockeberg Miss Motherwell . . Miss Irving . . V. Roche . Miss Acton . . Maundrell . . . Gillett Cracked Graduates . . Active Atoms . . Retorts .... Bubble Busters . . . Flasby Florence Flasks . Silly Silieates .... Mnddled Molybdates . The club meets every second Wednesday when one group, with its leader is responsible for the programme, consisting of experiments, talks, or contests of scientific nature. Besides regular meetings we expect to have guest speak- ers from teclmical branches of the Civil Ser- rl vice and from local industries. During the class study of iron we were fortunate in securing an interesting film on the manufacture of steel, which was of inestimable value in illustrating the processing of that metal. The reference library, originally composed of a few periodicals, has increased one hundred fold and now includes texts by the best authori- ties in the various branches of science, not to mention the subscriptions to magazines or numerous pamphlets on manufacturing and metallurgical process. VVe hope to visit the Bell Telephone Ex- change, the Filtration Plant and the Research Council Laboratories. Under the supervision of reliable authorities, field trips will be taken in the spring to study Botany, Zoology and Geology. Since the trip to Courtauld's Rayon Mills in Cornwall was such a success last year, a repetition of the visit is anticipated, and fur- ther excursions to other outside establishments are contemplated. In preparation for the Annual Science Dance on March 6th, a prep dance has been held and received with enthusiasm. The executive has worked industriously in arranging for this popular social function, and hopes for even a greater success than in past years. Credit for the organization's flourishing con- dition must in great measure be given to our sponsor, Mr. Bullock, whose sympathetic back- ing and skilful guidance have brought the club to its present state of healthy activity. by ROBERT HAAIMOND 87? - ,

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IUX GLEBANAMQ- QASJBALERE FLAMMAM CECIL BETHUNE CEStf1blifl0ed 18997 ALFRED c. BETHUNE DEWAR 8g BETHUNE I Insurance 304. OTTAWA ELECTRIC BUILDING 56 SPARKS STREET TELEPHONES QUEEN 37 and 38 SPECIAL FACILITIES FOR AUTOMOBILE INSURANCE Only PHILCO HAS IT! To get everything a radio is capable of giving, the aerial as well as the set must be tuned. Plailco does this for you automatically through its new, exclusive, built-in Aerial-Tuning System. It doubles the foreign stations you can get and brings them in with greater volume and clarity. A Drop in to-day, See, Hear and Compare the New 1936 Pbileos 175 SPARKS STREET QUEEN 6105 WITH THE COMPLIMENTS Of 0 HUGH CARSON W. F. JONES President General Manager u l tl86lr I I il

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UX GLEBANACY5- HOW SMALL IS If an ordinary electric light bulb had a small opening made in it so that one million mole- cules of air could enter each second, it would require one hundred million years to com- pletely fill the bulb. The molecules in the smallest drop of water if enlarged to the size of grains of sand, would form a roadway from Montreal to Vancouver one half-mile wide and one foot thick. A soap bubble blown to a thickness of one three-millionths of an inch is estimated to con- tain twenty to thirty layers of molecules. QAHDALERE FLAMMAM A MOLECULE? Oil will spread out on water into a film a fifty-millionth of an inch thick. This layer consists of a double tier of molecules. A single bubble of chlorine gas will scent up a largelroom. It must pour forth trillions and trillions of molecules. The molecules in a single grain of indigo will distinctly dye a ton of water. A grain of musk will scent a large room for years. THE STRUCTURE OF MATTER AND THE SPEED OF THE ELECTRON All matter consists of the very minute mole- cules mentioned above. Each molecule is made up of atoms varying in number, and the atom consists of negatively-charged particles called number of positively protons. of the atom gives the comprises all the pro- electrons. Hence its The rest of the elec- electrons and an equal charged particles called The nucleus or core atom all its weight and tons and most of the total charge is positive. trons rotate about this core like planets around a sun. I-Iowever, the total negative charge on all the electrons, whether planetary or in the nucleus, always exactly equals the total positive charge borne by the protons. The number of planetary electrons and the number of orbits they travel in, varies con- siderably with the total weight of the atom, and hence is not the same for any two ele- ments. Thus, the hydrogen atom fthe lightest elementj has only one proton in the nucleus and no electrons, and has only one planetary electron. The atom of Uranium fthe heaviest elementj has a nucleus consisting of 238 pro- tons and 146 electrons while the other 92 elec- trons rotate about the nucleus in seven orbital I II III COMPARISON OF ATOMIC STRUCTURES paths. These electrons appear to jump from one path to another, but always have the same number in each orbit at all times. The atomic weight of uranium is 238, the same as the number of protons in the core while the atomic number is 02-the number of planetary elec- trons. One element may be changed into another by bombarding it with energy particles small enough and travelling fast enough to penetrate the planetary electrons and knock out some of the protons. This is very diHicult to do and has been done only with some elements of low atomic weights. The planetary electrons travel at terrinc speeds which vary with the atomic weight of the element. The following comparison of velocities is rather astounding: 1. Wor1d's record 100 yds. race for men ..........,. 32.6 ft. per sec 2. A large gun shell ...................,....,............,........ 3,000. ft. per sec 3. Eng1and's fast train record ................. .. 163. it.. per sec 4. A motorcycle, .....,.......,,,.............,.... .. 150. ft. per sec 5. Sir Malcolm Campbell's racing car.. ..... 440. ft.. per sec 6. The aeroplane speed record ........... ....,..... 6 45. ft. per sec 7. The earth aboutthe sun ..........,.. ......... 9 7,68D. ft. per sec Total of all these .,............................... ,102,110. ft. per sec or 19.3 miles per sec. Now considering the following: The hyd ro.. gen electron has a speed of I,3OO miles per sec. while the uranium electron has a velocity of I2 5,000 miles per sec. The hydrogen electron makes as many revolutions per second around the nucleus as a high speed aeroplane propeller makes in four million years. I-Uranium Atom. 92 Planetary Electrons. 146 Nuclear Electrons. ll-Zinc Atom. 30 Planetary Electrons. 3 5 Nuclear Electrons. III-Hydrogen Atom. 1 Planetary Electron. 1 Nuclear Electrons. i'l88l