George Washington High School - Hatchet Yearbook (New York, NY)

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SCHOOL OF HISTORIC B A C K G R O U N D S lrne of 271 Street One branch trarl clearly led to the foot of Dyckman Street mother may have led to vrllage lodges along Seaman Ayenue Passrng thru the settlement rt spread thru woods to a secluded dell below the east srde of Inwood Hrll known as Cold Sprmg Hollow where under clrfts and great masses of rock de tached from lofty bluffs refuge w as granted from both wrnter storms and enemy obseryatron The Red Men called thrs vrllage space Shorakapkok that appellatron was applred to nearby waters of Spuyten Duyvrl Creek they were clan members led at a trme of earliest w rrtten records by a sachem or head called Rech gawas Known as Rechgaw aw anc they were part of a larger chreftarncy wrth headquarters at our own Dobbs ferry Terrrtory occupred by the trrbe extended oy er Morrrssanra as far as the Bronx Rrver and the upper part of Manhattan South of 181 Street and w est of Broadway was a clearrng for the rarsrng of marze Indran corn Thrs Indran Freld or Great Marze Land covered an area between Haxen Avenue and Broadway 175 181 Street At Jeffrey s Hook Fort XVashrng ton Pornt greatly altered by the 1977 1932 brrdge changes arrowpornts and deposrts of shell and charcoal wrth fragments of name pottery eu dence a long trme occupancy of the rocky head land as a hshmg place Along the hrgh banks of the Hudson as far south as Audubon Park 1158 Streetj black car bomzed debrrs has been drscovered to mdrcate hsh mg camps A tmy brook rrsrng rn hrgh ground west of Fort Washmgton Avenue at 180 Street made rts way down the present lrne of Bennett Avenue to 194 Street Crossrng the Indran path rt wound thru sw ampy land on rts devrous way to that deep rndentron rn the Harlem Rrver bank a Half Krll now Shermans Creek borderrng the Edrson Electrrc Dynamo Plant clearly vrsrble from the north wrng of George Washrngton Hugh School rnto whrch another brook entered from the west that found lts source rn sprrngs wrthm thrs Seaman Avenue Indian Vrllage Where the brook and trarl crossed Broadway at 194 Street a slopmg bank used for truck fr mrng by Adolph Terrenner and famrly was used IS plantmg ground by natrves Sundry tools and frig ments wrenched from the soil show thrs fact Under the massrye rocks on the east srde of I'ort Tryon Hrll 194198 Street precrsely where our students comrng from the crty tunnel enter the 8 Avenue Subway there haye been drscoyered some pockets hlled wrth drscarded shells debrrs of shelters used rn wmter trme When Hudson sarled up the rrver named rfter hrm the upper Manhattan Indrans were of thc general Algonkran stock a race spread oy er east ern North Amerrca Ethnologrsts sry that thx were of Delaware orrgrn part of an Unamr branch wrth therr nerghbors along thrs srde of the Hudson they were known as Wfapprnver meanrng men of the east land Thrs term came trves of the crty had come under the control of the warlrke Mohawk trrbe part of the Iroquors to whom they pard trrbute A century later the trde of reyolutronary war fare swept over the scene of Manhattan For sex en years thereafter the armres of Brrtarn and Hesse Cassel camped around and upon the traces of the Red Men Xet they farled to drscoy er or drsturb them except so far as the soldiers currosrty was excrted by the fmdrng of an occasronal Indran ob ject whrch they threw away rn therr huts and trenches w hen rts noy elty had passed Hence three centurres elapsed before the rnqursrtrve archeolo grst pryrng into the shell heaps searchrng among the rocks and delvrng deep rn the sorl found agarn the srre of the homes the gray es the pottery and the rmplements of the long forgotten Weck quass eek Wrrlrakr C' Olhurx ' 3 Y , n . . L ' , V C 4 Y S , ' , ar ' V 1 , ' ' , 1 a ' ' U V 2 v. D v ' a -I V V -1 . I , ' ' Y Q , V- - V 2 V V 1 V, V A - V , . V 7 . ' V . 1 2 V A Y V V D ' , , ' ' 1 V ' V 1 v . -l 1 Y - L r- P 1 1 1 V , - - 7 7 , ' 4 . ' z ' 1-' 9 1 . V . 1 V , . , , - O , Now, who were the occupants? We know that later to mean Dutchess County' Indians. The na- V V V . ' ' A -' 4 V Y I 4 9 1 Q H ' I Y . 1 h 1 1 - ' ' V V' V 7 I V ' V V - V . V ' V 1 ' , 1 , , V V V V V V 7 V ' ' V ' 1 ' , , V ' 1 ' ' V ' V ', - - 1 V 1 V V 1 V ' V '- V V V ' l . A Y lv-. Q . I . . . . t Q Y 1 I Y . i . l . . . - 4 , 7 7 Y . . , ,,., V q ,- ., . V y - ' -- , -'V f.'V - ' v 4 , q V, 1 1 V - I Y 1 ' ' . - .-

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CIEORCIE WASIHIIINCTON IEDIFOR S INOTE 5111141 Ifff0Zll1d1I1g 0187 LI fyzmzfev 0 61 refzlzuy ago The H1111 bel has zegzzfmly ron tmma' mlzclef 1111 tlae blflllly 0 lfac rzezgbbozlaood III 11 bzcb Ike Gemgc Waslazrzglon Hzgb School If 5 fzmlea' ISO I16IglJI707lJ00d III ow efzlzre 11ly IJ mbez III bzflmzr background and hence Ilae subject feemr 111 LOIIILIIII dflilfifl zuzlzmztca' fozmer 0 7656417111 O1 Interested finden!! and acuity memberr For Ibn year! materzal ue me mdelzted to Mr W C O Brzen a member 0 the Englzyla acully EW PORTIONS of our clty are placed rn surroundmgs more pxcturesque or nn a topog raphy more attractxve than the northern txp of storied Manhattan Island known only for seventy years as Wfashlngton Heights Set on a lme of abrupt hnlls bounded by preclpxtous wooded and parked slopes margmed on two sldes by tldal streams not preczsely r1x ers and facing the stately dant sunshxne and a ready access to numerous parks To these ltems IS added a croxxn of hlstorlc memorles making 1ts streets byxx ays and antique bulldmgs centers of great Interest Dex elopment lnto a well known resldentlal dls trlct vxas retarded by lack of proper transnt One must be mmdful that the old the Sex enth Avenue subway dxd not reach Dyckman Street untll 1912 Incxdentally the 191 Street statxon and entrance xxas not ln orxgmal plans and ns a recent change Formerly the subway ran dlrectly from the 181 Street statlon to Dyckman Street Before the sub xxay xx as completed to exen 157 Street the xx rrter s father xxho had an offlce at 51 Chambers Street for many years xxent dovxntovxn by the Dolly tram at a noxx extrnct statlon at 151 Street and the Hudson Manhattan Island ns thnrteen mrles long from the Battery to 230 Street fstnll Man hattan Thns boro was the relatlxely undlsturbed do mam of the Indran three hundred years ago The rugged herghts of Penadnnc Manhattanxxlle to Spuyten Duyvrlj vxhose densely wooded srdes made a refuge for vxrld beasts and brrds xxere transversed by the natxxes on the Weckquassgeek grades thru the xxoodlands It reached from the Battery thru Central Park then by vxay of Saint Nrcholas Axenue as far as 145 Street It clrmbed to the Hexghts Follovxmg Broadvxay from 168 Street it came doxxn the h1ll to Dyckman Street At thxs pO1r1t branch trarls led to xarrous haunts in the valley of Inxxood the man path xxay reached along the Harlem Rrxer bank to Spuyten Duyvxl Creek at a pomt east for crossing to the maxnland Thxs shalloxx Wfadrng Place rs on the llne of present day Broadvx ay It vxas then a narroxx and rather tortuous part of the Creek north of Marble Hlll knoxxn to natives as Papar mrmm In natxxe custom the phrase vxas glxen not only to the xxater course but to the abuttlng xsland of KlDgSbfld5C from xxhlch the mamland xxas reached by another crossing ox er marshland on the it iff il' it ii? 'ik ii? 'iff .y ' D' T .r '4 - 'h ' I , . .I . fb j 1- I, -' .. A A I- , . h . .', f j g . , W . , I 1 Y r y 1 I l 1 ' Palisades, it gives residents ,variety of view, abun- trail, a well-travelled path that followed the . 7 . - , V y ' 5 - , ' , , fy , ' - , ' , I ' ' H7 B S S , ' - I f ' 1 1

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