Essex (CVS 9) - Naval Cruise Book

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1 THE, NEED 5 I ' 3 K THE MOsT PROFOUNDCHANGE IN THE HISTORY OF WARFARE HASEBEEN THE INLAND REACH OF If sEAPOwER FROM ' THE sEAs. TODAY, sus- A A MARINES POsE ONE OF THE MOST DANGEROUS THREATS TO THE ECONOMIC STRENGTH AND MlIQITARY,.SECURlTY OF FREE NATIONS. T0 f- PROTECT THE OCEAN HIGHWAYS AND THE FREE .WOIEBD AGAINST SUCH A THREAT, THE UNITED A .. 'i I ' STATESINAVY' HAs FORMED A HIGHLY EFFEC- , TIVE Asw,aFORCE. THE ATLANTIC FLEET Asw ' A M j g HUNTEBFKILLER GROUP IS DESIGNED T0 PRO- A TECT 'IQHE I1 ' D STATES AND THEY FREE ,Fry L, in w ,Q WORLD FROkp, FossIBLE ENEMY ATTACK- f 'O 'O - if O WHETHER ABIUCEJEAR OR CONVENTIONAL-BY 44 - i xi Aff A JSUBMAIQQQNEE INTHE ATLANTIC. ,UNITED STATESP- A 5 , if Af IO ' 'fi Asw FORCES WORK CLOSELY WITH ASW FORCES . A I I A In A ggi -ANVOF 0Tl!!fJR.5iQLLIED NATIONS, FREQUENTLY CON-' A, ' , T A A I 2 DUQTING1-JOINT, EXEBCISES, T0 ASSURE THEK , Off, ,355-Eff, ' , if .ff ff Y FREE,-pWg5aRLD MAXIMUM PROTECTION AGAINST' 7' A ffgig' A A qw , O' ' 3 A Af V , T A I 5- V 1 , A r JY. I3 x I - lm- R V- 95,1 MA '- sm, A?f!NHT!mEAT' I ?Z,A??i5sQ A iff? 6 if .Emi fa K-J, n ' 2 ,A Y . A J - : -A E. .I ,': i'i f? .SAQ 5 1? I I ev YV' 5 A Q is . .WML fi? , , JV -uf f 3, .1 3' Q xc fb

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l 6 at .oqu if .9 -...Qf- '3G'1 W - .., - FROM: UNDERWATER VESSELS HAVE BEEN CAPTURING THE MINDS OF MEN THROUGHOUT RECORDED HISTORY. IT WASN'T UN- TIL THE WAR BETWEEN THE STATES, HOWEVER, THAT MAN FIRST CONSIDERED THE SUBMERSIBLE IN TERMS OF ITS MILITARY POTENTIAL. CONFEDERATES LAUNCHED THE HUNDLEY, 17 FEB. 1864, WHICH BECAME THE FIRST SUB- MARINE TO SINK A SHIP. BUT IT REMAINED FOR JOHN P. HOLLAND AND SIMON LAKE TO' DEVELOP A TRULY OPER- ATIONAL SUBMARINE FOR THE U. S. NAVY. BY 1900 THE UNITED STATES HAD THE SS HOLLAND. AT LEFT IS HOL- LAND ABOARD THE HOLLAND. TO: GERMAN U-BOATS, OFTEN CALLED PIG BOATS, BROUGHT A NEW KIND OF WAR TO THE SEA IN WORLD WARS I AND II. UNRESTRICTED SUBMARINE WARFARE WAS CONDEMMED BY PRESIDENT WOODROW WILSON AND EFFECTIVE MEASURES FOR ASW BECAME NECESSARY. ADM WILLIAM S. SIMS STARTED THE CONVOY SYSTEM AND DEVELOPED ASW METHODS STILL IN USE TODAY. 43

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HOW DOES ASW WORK? THE TASK OF CONDUCTING ANTISUBMARINE WARFARE INVOLVES MANY DIFFERENT SHIPS AND AIRCRAFT, AS WELL AS HIGHLY TRAINED RADAR AND SONAR OPERATORS AND A FAST, RELIABLE COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM. A TYPICAL ASW HUNTER-KILLER GROUP EXERCISE WOULD BEGIN WITH CARRIER-LAUNCHED AIRCRAFT PATROLLING FAR AHEAD OF THE CARRIER AND SEARCHING, WITH SPECIAL EQUIPMENT, FOR THE 'LOCATION OF A SUBMARINE. THE SUB- MARINE MAY BE SIGHTED VISUALLY, BUT MORE OFTEN THAN NOT ITS GENERAL LOCATION IS FOUND BY USING PRECISION SONIC AND RADAR DEVICES. ONCE THE SUBMARINE IS LOCATED, ITS POSITION IS RADIOED TO THE SHIPS OF THE GROUP. DESTROYERS PROCEED TO THE AREA, AS DO HELICOPTERS WITH LISTENING DEVICES THAT CAN BE LOWERED INTO THE WATER TO PINPOINT THE ORIGINAL CONTACT. ONCE THE SUBMARINE HAS BEEN POSITIVELY IDENTIFIED AS AN ENEMY SHIP, AND ITS POSITION AND COURSE CONFIRMED, THE ATTACK BEGINS. THE SUBMARINE COULD EITHER BE FORCED TO THE SURFACE, OR DESTROYED BY USING TORPEDOES, DEPTH CHARGES, ANTISUBMARINE ROCKETS OR OTHER SIMILAR WEAPONS. TWO NEW ADDI- TIONS TO THE ASW ARSENAL ARE DASH-DRONE ANTISUBMARINE HELICOPTER-WHICH CAN BE REMOTELY CONTROLLED BY THE DESTROYER TO THE LOCATION, CAN DROP EITHER A OR DEPTH CHARGE AND THEN ITS PARENT SHIP, AND ASROC ROCKET-WHICH IS FIRED FROM INTO THE AIR FOR A SHORT FLIGHT ENTERS THE WATER AND SUBMARINE. '