Epperson (DD 719) - Naval Cruise Book

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SUBIC BAY, PHILIPPINES f - ------ - 1 1 rf The President of the Philippines, Ferdinand E. Marcos, declared recently, We are in Vietnam because we want to survive in Freedom. We have sent our men to contribute to the mission of peace in Vietnam and-because we want to encourage the continued presence of our ally, the U.S. in Asia, to the extent that this serves .our national interest. To understand the sincerity of this statement one must review the contribution made by the U.S. towards Philippine independence since the turn of the century. Spain ruled the Philippines for over three centuries, but her occupation was not always peaceful. Na- tionlism and opposition to Spanish rule spread through the islands. An attempt to quell the Philippine uprising by the execution of the famous Statesman, and patriot Dr. jose Rizal only added fuel to the fire. The U.S. in- tervened in 1898 and liberated the Filipinos from Spanish rule. Later that year, The Treaty of Paris was signed establishing U.S. sovereignty over the Philippines.. Beginning with the inauguration of William Howard Taft as the first civil governor of the Philippines, the U.S. faithfully followed the motto coined by Taft, The Philip- pines for the Filipinos . America acted for the benefit of the Filipino and promoted a gradual development of self-government to lead step-by-step to Philippine. independence. Extensive medical and health services wiped out cholera, checked small pox, reduced infant mortality by 602, and established hospitals all over the islands. During initial military occupation the educational system spread by leaps and bounds. In 1935 enrollment in Philippine high schools was 1,300,000 pupils. Today 4,000,000 students attend classes. American teachers, clergymen, businessmen, doctors and lawyers tried to better acquaint the Filipinos with the broader aspect of democracy and the American way of life. During World War II japanese occupation the Filipinos fought side by side with their American friends. On the memorable day, July 4, 1946, the Republic of the Philippines was born. Yet the traumatic experience Of japanese occupation shocked the Filipinos and convinced most that they alone could not guarantee future SC- curity for their Archipelago. I The result was a negotiation of agreement in 1947 whereby the U.S. was awarded military bases in return for assuming major burdens of external defense. Largest of these are the Clark AFB Stotsenburg Reservation l in Centra Luzon, the Subic Bay- Naval Base and adjacent Cubi Point NAS, and Sangley Point NAS at Cavite on the bay opposite Manila. It is from these establishments that the U.S..l3th Air Force and U.S. Seventh' Fleet and numerous supporting forces operate to defend the vast region from the bay of Bengal to the Taiwan StraitS-