Emmerich Manual High School - Ivian Yearbook (Indianapolis, IN)

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SCIENTIFIC DEPARTMENT. PHYSICS A PRACTICAL SUBJECT. IN this practical day and age the question that arises when a person takes up some line of work, or considers it, is not so much concerniug the intrinsic merit of the work, but the real value that it will be to the person himself. The opinion is often expressed, especially among girls, that the study of Physics is of no practical value to them, that it will never do them any good. If there is one prac- tical subject in the sehool course, it is Phys- ics. First, the very knowledge that you gain, is that not of real use to you? You see the prineiple of the lever, the pendulum, the inclined plane, and many others every day. Is it not of real value to you to know the principles on which business and build- ing are carried on ; and the girls, particu- larly, to understand heat and ventilation, as every housekeeper should? The major- ity of pupils prefer literary to scientific subjects. Yet, how often during the study of the former one must have some knowl- edge of the latter before he can get the true thought of the writer. We have reached that period of development where one can not keep up with the times who has not some scientific knowledge. One must have a well-rounded education if he wishes to make his way in the world. After all, it is not so much for the knowl- edge that we get that our school-training is intended, it is the strength that we gain in acquiriug this information. Therefore, if Physics is distasteful to you, and you never care to give special attention to its study, you still have gained something in- estimable in its value What teaches closer observation than this subject? Almost un- consciously one begins to notice what is about him more carefully, after having had the experimental work of a laboratory. The training that the mind gets in quickly seeing and accounting for phenomena in Physics helps the person to see and grasp ideas in his other work without difficulty. In every occupation this quickness of per- ception is essential ; a good merchant must be alert in every line of his work and ready to grasp everything that would be to his advantage. This same subject also teaches systematic, accurate labor, both physical and mental, besides the ability to see the abstract in the concrete, to generalize, and to deduce truths from commonplace things ; then, perhaps above all, close concentration of the mind is cultivated. It is simply im- possible to understand and perform work in Physics without this concentration. The word education literally means a drawing out. A subject, then, that leads the mind to observe, to think quickly and accurately, to perform that most difficult and yet most essential thing, concentration of thoughts, is it not pre- eminently practical. Hettie Bosley. AN EXERCISE IN GEOMETRY. FROVE that if FR and F ' S are the two perpendiculars dropped from the foci upon any tangent to an ellipse, that FR X F ' S = b 2 ; b representing the semi- minor axis. Let be the center of the ellipse, A ' A the major axis, and O B the semi-minor axis.

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VI MIND AND HAND. classes in the high school are thus disor- ganized and both schools suffer from the system. In the Indianapolis school, all under one root , no time is lost and the courses and classes are so arranged that a high school course, including industrial training, or without it, may he taken. The advantages of the arrangement here are manifest at once to a visitor. The cooking and sew- ing departments are real laboratories, where the practical results of each pupil ' s work are reached by scientific steps. The shops for wood working and iron working, rooms for mechanical and for free-hand drawing, are in charge of competent and experienced teachers, and the interest of the pupils and teachers is so great that outsiders catch the spirit at once. My own impression, after a visit of two days, is that here in the Industrial Training School of Indianapolis is established the proper relation between an industrial and a sec- ondary school. A visitor is apt to speak most of the things that lie can see, of laboratories and machines ami equipments, but one should not overlook the fact that this school has a corps of strong teachers in history, mathematics, languages and literatures, who conduct a complete high school course. The competence of the teachers in all departments is evident. Manual training here is not a fad, but is so com- bined with other training as to put in practice the best educational theories of the present day. Georue Emory Fellows, University of Chicago. FORGE ROOM

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14 MIND AND HAND. Let a tangent be drawn to the ellipse at B, and let D and E be the points in which this tangent meets perpendiculars drawn to it from the foci F ' and F respectively. D, E, S and R lie in the circumference of the auxiliary circle, for the auxiliary circle is the locus of the foot of a perpendicular dropped from the focus of an ellipse to a SKETCH ON THE TWELVE ROMAN TABLES. FR is parallel to F ' S, and EE to F ' D, since two lines in the same plane perpen- dicular to the same straight line are parallel. Therefore, angle SF ' D equals angle R F E, having their sides parallel and extending in the same direction from their vertices. Draw the straight lines SD and RE. Angle DSR equals angle I) E R, both being measured by one-halt the same arc. Angles F ' S R and FED are both right angles, and hence equal. Therefore angles F ' S D and F E R are equal, because if equals are added to equals the sums are equal. Triangle F ' S D is similar to triangle FR E, for they have two angles of the one equal to two angles of the other respec- tively. F ' S : F ' D : : F E : F R ; but F ' D = F E = B. Since they are perpendicular to the same straight line and lie between paral- lels. Hence, F ' S:OB::OB:FR B = b. Therefore, F ' S : b : : b F R. F ' S x F R -= h Orval Mehking. THE dissensions between the two classes, patricians and plebeians, grew more fierce and bitter. The law hitherto had been simply handed down by tradition from one magistrate to another, and therefore always in the hands of the patricians. Gains Terentilius Arsa proposed that the laws should be written. This proposition created a bitter party strife that lasted for ten years. During this time two conces- sions were made to the plebs. One, the incressinii- of the tribunes from five to ten ; and the other, the distribution of property in the Aventine for the poorer classes. But the plebeians clamored for more rights and new laws, and so at last ten men were elected from the centuries fur the purpose of drawing up the laws. They were called Decemviri, and while ihey were holding otlice they had full control of the government. The tribunal was suspended, and affairs were so evened up that plebeians wtre eligible to the new office. An embassy was sent to Greece to collect the famous Greek laws, for Greece was at. her height of prosperity. Especially did they desire the laws of Solon. These were carefully studied, and at the end of the first year, in 451 13. C., the law, engraved on ten copper tables, was affixed in the Forum, in front of the Senate house. I bit these Decemviri did not retire at the end of the year. Some changes were made in the offices, allowing more plebeians in, and the next year two more tables were added, and thus originated the first and only legal code of Rome. The substance of these laws were : First pertained to forms for calling any one into court; second treated of the punishment of a thief; third was on the treatment of frauds, limit of interest, gaining property