Drexel University College of Medicine - Medic Yearbook (Philadelphia, PA)

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Vol. 1 No. 1 HOMEOPATHY REVISITED - HAHNEMANN 3 Ill! :Il l Figure 5. First Homeopathic Hospital in Pennsylvania, Chestnut Street. the sum of S103,666.67. In July of 1884 construction of the new college and one of the hospital buildings began. The cornerstone of the college was laid on November 6, 1884. After the separation, the hospital suffered financially and on May 16, 1885 merged with the college under the title of The Hahnemann Medical College and Hospital of Philadelphia. On September 20, 1886 the college building was dedicated at a cost of 573,695 fFigs. 78:81. The institution also absorbed the Penn- sylvania Homeopathic Hospital for Children this year. On October 3, 1887 the first building of the new hospital was opened, Clinical Hall, a dispensary used temporarily as a hospi- tal. This year also saw the optional 3 year course become manda- tory. In 1889 Hahnemann started its first outreach program, a branch dispensary in Johnstown to aid the victims of the flood. On October 21, 1890 three primary buildings of Hahnemann Hospital were opened on North 15th Street at a cost of S138,000 fFig. 91. The school of nursing was also established at this time, and a four year optional medical school course was offered. During the following years Hahnemann grew in prestige. Dr. Rufus Weaver won the Gold Medal of the Columbian World Exposition for Harriet, his dissection of the human cerebrospi- Figure 7. Hahnemann Medical College Building, Broad Street. -.ff 'Q E315 r-fgfiff lliiu ipgi hm m .. 'J-J? Figure 6. Cuthbert Street Homeopathic Hospital. nal nervous system fFig. 101. In 1894 Hahnemann established a mandatory four year curriculum. In 1906 the student nurses residence, maternity building, powerhouse and laundry were opened on North 15th Street at a cost of S350,000. Hahnemann succeeded in passing the famous Flexner Survey of 1910 with a class A rating, a tribute to the school's laboratory instruction as well as its faculty. After the Flexner report, Dr. Van Lennep, appointed dean in 1910, further raised Hahnemann's academic standards to those required of a university teaching center. To comply with state regulations, a College of Science was opened in 1913 to provide a one-year premedical course. It later was expanded to two years, and finally closed in 1929 because of an ample supply of adequately trained premedical students. After much negotiation and several setbacks, the decision was made to construct a new hospital. Two million dollars were raised, and in 1927 the college building was demolished to pre- pare for the construction of the Greater Hahnemannfi The college was temporarily moved to another building and later was relocated in the refurnished old hospital building on 15th Street. The new 735 bed, 20 story hospital was completed in 1928 at a cost of 82,500,000 and dedicated January 3, 1929. It was said to be the second largest private hospital in the United States and the first skyscraper type of teaching hospital fFigs. 12, 138L 141. Among its advanced features were a steel skeleton, fireproofing, a telephone in each private patient's room, a two-program radio outlet at each bedside, six high-speed, ultra-silent elevators, a flash page system, a nurse page system, sun rooms, softly lit corridors, tables which fit over the bed, self-stopping dumb waiters and adjoining bathrooms for the private patients' rooms. The exterior architecture was modified American Gothic while the main entrance was Tudor English Gothic. In the early 30's Hahnemann ran afoul of the Liaison Com- mittee of Medical Education because of oversized classes in relationship to faculty and facilities. This was remedied with the construction of the Klahr Building which was opened in 1938 and which provided more modern laboratory teaching facilities, classrooms and even an auditorium fFig. 151. After the start of World War II, courses were taught on a year-round basis for several years, and women were first ad- mitted in 1941. In 1944 the former Northwest Grammar School at 1417 Race Street was reconverted into an outpatient clinic building fFig. 161.

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2 THE NEW HAHNEMANN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE June 4, 1980 Figure 1. The Allentown Academy. During this time the college was beset with financial difficul- ties, and was reincorporated as a stock corporation. This change also allowed the school to grant a degree of doctor of medicine as well as doctor of homeopathy. However, as a result, one member of the faculty, Dr. Lippe, became majority stockholder. Dr., Lippe subsequently abolished the chair of Special Pathology and Diagnostics in 1867 on the grounds that such instruction was unnecessary for a homeopathic physician. Dr. Hering found this position untenable, and resigned from his lectureship. During the summer of 1867, Dr. Hering and his associates secured the charter of the Washington Medical College of Phila- delphia, which had never held classes, and changed the name to Hahnemann Medical College of Philadelphia. The college was opened September 30, 1867 in a building at 1307 Chestnut Street with 61 students enrolled. Twenty six diplomas were awarded on March 4, 1868. After Hahnemann moved to 16-18 North 10th Street for the next session, the two schools operated as rivals, although the faculty of the old school was in sympathy with Dr. Hering. Dr. Lippe was persuaded to sell his stock to a Dr. Guernsey, who was acting incognito as an agent for Dr. Hering. On April 2, 1869, by act of the Pennsylvania Legisla- ture, the two colleges were merged and by virtue of the Washing- ton Charter, granted privileges of a university. The Hahnemann name was retained as a tribute to the founder of homeopathy and the institution continued on at 1105 Filbert Street. With the opening of the 1869-70 session, Hahnemann became the first Figure 3. Announcement of Courses for the Homeopathic Medical College of Pennsylvania. 31111 1.j'A'l'11l1' Xi1,lvl'IAL. Ill1.I4Z'.f1L il: .xv-Y1.YAY1a. 1'1.11f1-1 121191 l'1r:.xZ'.l fy,-1 ,5 l' :'r1,1',l'.1.'1--1-1.'::1. Q 1Mf,1,1f H-1 i'l1w111111.' 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Homeopathic Medical College of Pennsylvania at 229 Arch Street. medical school to adopt an optional three year course of instruc- tion, previous standards being two years. In the summer of 1869 the faculty felt a new hospital was needed to increase the facilities for clinical teaching. A large fund-raising fair was held at Horticultural Hall in November which raised S17,000. In 1870 construction of a five story hospi- tal building at the site of the old soldiers hospital on Cuthbert Street was begun. The hospital had a capacity of 30 beds and was formally opened January 9, 1871 tFig. 65. At this time a new amphitheater was built with access to the hospital. Contention then arose centering around the desire of the hos- pital to remain separate from the college, as the hospital proper- ty was held in trust by the college. In 1874 the hospital was successful in obtaining an independent charter from the college, however, conditions at Cuthbert Street gradually deteriorated due to the inadequate size of the facilities and the poor location. Finally on May 1, 1883 the severance occurred and the College Trustees appointed a committee to secure a lot for a college and hospital. At this time the college had only a charter, a library, a museum which contained the Paracelsian collection and no mon- ey in the treasury. But, in the summer of 1883, a site on Broad Street above Race was found and secured with funds from the faculty. The official purchase was made September 28, 1883 for Figure 4. Homeopathic Medical College of Pennsylvania at 1105 Filbert Street. The structure was designed by Thomas U. Walter, noted architect of Girard College and designer of the wings and dome of the U.S. Capitol. .1 -1 -, .jak f -. 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4 THE NEW HAHNEMANN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE June 4, 1980 i -, 4, ' ' 5, 4- ,H f F gag, M- 5 Wil-llilfll' . p . ,A jg Ei: ,,!,g.il.!gjg-:ineptiwiifjf 1 if .3 ' ilfiMf l...,'E71 2 ie - lflfil lf- . S , 1 4 1,31-1 ii-'l gllfm 2 fig' I - 5 - - 4- 1 . ' ' 92:2 1' i'- 'f l7 .. . 'S eeafw--i i ' ' -E- I E 51 1 - .5- ' 'T-'N' Q 4 'f'fT'4f't- EV ' 1. ' li ll az T 51. S-.iii 1. i f 15 11- 311111 , :: ll M5111 iilfiff f lflll ig i f is it 15 ii ' ' ' I K. ,V E , l B' If EZ Figure 9. Hahnemann Hospital, 1890 North 15th Street. F-it 11 11155 E gil - 1 pg, :J4-'xI',.lT:A, gg--' D g I ,,,,,k ni S 3 Ein' .L , 1 rg 5 - ' the forward drive of faculty improvement. He concentrated on Figure 8. Hahnemann Medical College, 1886. By 1944 the control of the institution passed from a small group of the Board of Trustees to a faculty-alumni committee. This was again brought about by accreditation problems. It was realized that for Hahnemann to survive it must enter the main stream of academic and scientific medicine. A blue ribbon com- mittee was formed to bring in an outside capable and resourceful Dean who would be able to set the institution on the right track. This turned out to be Dr. Charles L. Brown, a celebrated Phila- delphia internist who assumed the Deanship and the Chair of Medicine. He fulfilled every hope and promise because he was able to attract to Hahnemann the beginnings of a distinguished faculty, especially in the basic sciences. Increased financial re- sources were obtained from the State of Pennsylvania and Hah- nemann began its rapid and steady development into its modern era. Homeopathy was dropped as a requirement for graduation in 1944-45 although some elective work in this subject persisted in minor courses until 1959. As evidence of Hahnemann's entry into the realm of scientific medicine, the Graduate School of the Basic Medical Sciences was organized in 1951, granting its first Ph.D degree in 1956. This school has-had a brilliant record and many of its graduates are now leaders in industry and academia. The late 40's and 50's also saw the landmark work of Drs. Charles Bailey, William Likoff and others in heart surgery and research. It also saw the development of the cross-disciplinary Cardiovascular Institute, one of the nation's first. Dr. Charles S. Cameron became Dean in 1956 and carried on Figure 10. Dr. Rufus Weaver with Harriet Figure 11. Nurses Residence and Maternity Building, 1906. - l xxx-M 9. All I . f y f' 8 ,il ya I ..,, xxx . lg 1,-l 5 3, If wi' . SK lil X 1 ul I XJ! 'W ei ,Isuzu il f A .ll ,. L.: Ill Nun 'll Q' Q lr it,-3 Ll 115.1111 I U' 'A' the recruitment of full-time clinical faculty. In 1961 Dr. Ca- meron was made President and began the planning and execu- tion of the 21st Century Drive to obtain funds for facilities and equipment. Dr. William Kellow was brought to Hahnemann from Chicago to become Dean in 1961. He undertook extensive student activities and curriculum development. Also at this time Mr. Charles Paxson, Executive Vice President, a very able ad- ministrator, made many changes and improvements in organiza- tion and governance which enabled Hahnemann to function effectively in the delivery of medical care. The next two decades saw the expansion of Hahnemann's facilities. In 1963 a 2.4 million dollar School of Nursing Building to provide housing and classrooms for 185 students was opened at 15th and Race Streets. In January 1967, the Myer Feinstein Polyclinic, containing one of the largest radiation theraphy units Figure 12. The Greater Hahnemann. Hahnemann Hospital. 1929 F A t 1 ' 1 Q . '44, 1 . l ,1- Wm I 141 I 'fl g 11, 1 :.:i'nf in l All ill, .ellzifgy ' 1 1 . I rllil' r' ill' F f .H ' 'Wu' if 1, P ll. -s 55'55 lP ll illllil' f'5v l- ': 1 sl 'l'l1'.': 1 r nl Q I ' , zvnrggihvglnm Hllzlllllluhl ,H pl' ,Il lg 'lil' I 'llll I fill ,:. Ell . lgl5iEEl: . - fr, li Hi fi? if 1 it I U Q 1