Columbia University School of Dental and Oral Surgery - Dental Columbian Yearbook (New York, NY)

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ORAL SURGERY RUDOLPH H. FRIEDRICH, D.D.S. William Carr Professor of Oral Surgery Director, Division of Oral Surgery Louis J. Loscalzo D.D.S. William J. Savoy D.D.S. Theodore M. Bundrant D.D.S. Louis Mandel D.D.S. Julien W. Anderson D.D.S. Harold D. Baurmash D.D.S. Kourken Daglian D.D.S. William Greenfield D.D.S.

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During the past decade, many changing concepts in periodontology have been offered to the dental profession. The rate of change during these few years has probably been greater than in previous ten year periods. This is due, in part, to research and better understanding of of the common periodontal diseases, and the newer methods of treat- ing them. Further evidence of progress is the recent publication of a book dealing only with advanced periodontal diseases. Heretofore, textson periodontology dealt primarily with all phases of periodontics. Coincidentally there also have been changes in teaching methods. A significant contribution is the use of programming and teaching machines. According to David Cram, all teaching machines have three common characteristics: 1. They present information and re- quire frequent response by the student. 2. They provide immediate feedback to the student, informing him whether his response is appro- priate or not. 3. They allow the student to work individually and to adjust his own rate of progress to his own needs and capabilities. In 1965, a self-instruction program was prepared by Varian Asso- ciates of Palo Alto, California, for teaching Gingivectomy- Gingivoplasty technic. It consists of four brief printed volumes, sixty-five colored slides, and a hand viewer. Part one deals with the ' Introduction to Periodontology ; part two: Indications and Con- traindications for Gingivectomy-Gingivoplasty ; part three: The Actual Surgery : part four: Diagrams. This program, like all other teaching machines. docs not require of, nor is it desirable for. the student to read I In- pages consecutively, which is essential when reading the conventional textbook. Many pages will be bypassed by the reader because he may know the contents of these pages. This is possible by virtue of his ability to answer questions which are replete throughout the text. Thus self testing is a major part of this program. Dr. Perry A. Ratcliff, Chairman, Division of Periodontology. I ' m versity of California School of Dentistry, compared this programmed self-instruction with the traditional lecture and demonstration on this subject. One-half of the third year dental class received the pro- gram material, and the other half received a traditional lecture with slides, and demonstration. Both groups were then tested, and the students in the programmed section attained higher grades than those in the conventional group. It should not be concluded that teaching machines will always be the preferred method of instruction. Lectures, seminars, projection of slides, television and moving picture demonstrations are also good educational methods. Selection of the appropriate teaching method for varied circumstances is essential. Frank E. Beube, D.D.S. Murray Schwartz D.D.S. Bernard H. Wasserman D.D.S. Alvin D. Cedarbaum D.D.S. P. Charles Gabriele D.D.S. Albert Salkind D.D.S. Bernard Telsev D.D.S. Jack E. Chachkes D.D.S. Richard E. Goldberg D.D.S. Irving A. Karel D.D.S. Ralph Kaslick D.D.S. Ronald B. Odrich D.D.S. Herman Cantor D.D.S.

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To one who has heard or been involved in the dia- logue of dental education, the evolving role of the hos- pital in the production and distribution of health care, its importance as a locus for clinical research in all of the health fields, its capability to attest the profes- sional standards of its staff, its superiority as a proper environment for under-graduate and graduate clinical education and training in the total patient and team care concept, presages, for it, a continually expanding role in the education of the dentist. The established commitment to a strong basic sci- ence foundation for dental education has produced a dynamic expansion in the number of dentists involved in basic science research, and teaching. This factor is also producing dentists who have the intellectual secu- rity to take their place in the hospital as effective members of the total science assault team to solve problems in the clinical management of disease. The School of Dental and Oral Surgery has demon- strated its leadership in the development of an af- filiated hospital program with eight hospitals. Through this affiliation, the school assists the hospitals to strengthen their dental services through the contribu- tion of high academic standards and functions to their predominantly service oriented programs. The school in turn benefits from the increased availability of clinical teaching and research facilities for under- graduate and graduate dental education. The hospitals will be able to strengthen their positive contribution to the dental and total health of the community by meeting the demand for realistic management of the welfare and other governmental dental care programs which are definitely ordained for the future. Through the cooperative action of the dental schools and hos- pitals the way may be paved for major contributions by government to the cost and facilities of dental education as well as the cost of producing and distri- buting dental care to those segments of the population for which it assumes the responsibility. The integration of dentistry with the rest of health education, research and care in the hospital signals the end of dentistry ' s isolation which has been the pattern of the past. The strength which dentistry will gain in this relationship will reinforce its capacity for professional responsibil- ity and maintaining a viable professional patient- dentist relationship in the fast changing social and economic pressures on our nation ' s health systems. Rudolph H. Friedrich Bertram Klatskin D.D.S. George A. Minervini D.D.S. Fred Rothenberg D.M.D., D.D.S. Boaz Shattan D.D.S. Salvatore A. Cordaro D.D.S. Stanley S. Heller D.D.S. Morton Jay Stern D.D.S. Raymond F. Zambito D.D.S. Martin Ames D.D.S. Merwin Wolf D.D.S. Daniel D. Schube D.D.S.