Columbia University School of Dental and Oral Surgery - Dental Columbian Yearbook (New York, NY)

Text from Pages 1 - 88 of the 1951 volume:

B B aB nV H lH liSBSBSKSW M K 1951 Dental Columbian PUBLISHED BY THE SENIOR CLASS COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY, SCHOOL OF DENTAL AND ORAL SURGERY OF THE FACULTY OF MEDICINE T r F N tOJS-« ™ _j5.li ' !•_••• IOSTHIG1 T m _ EWIiNG CLEVELAND McBEATH D.D.S., B.S., B.M., M.D., F.A.C.D. Professor of Dentistry Ewing Cleveland Mc Beath was born sixty- seven years ago in northern Wisconsin where he spent his childhood and high school years. After a short career in court reporting he studied dentistry at the University of Minnesota and re- ceived his D.D.S. in 1910. For the next five years he practiced dentistry in Spokane, Wash- ington, and was one of the first to give special attention to pedodontics. In order to broaden the scientific and cultural base of his practice of health service, he returned to Minnesota and re- ceived the degrees of B.S., B.M., and M.D. in 1919, 1920, and 1921 respectively. He then traveled abroad for further study at noted Euro- pean clinics under well known scholars such as von Pirquet; later this proved invaluable in his own studies on nutrition which are as pertinent and timely today as they were when originally published about twenty years ago. In 1929 after practicing pediatrics in St. Paul, Dr. McBeath was invited to Columbia University as Associate Professor of Dentistry to establish the Division of Pedodontics. Later he recrean- ts ized and taught the course of Practice of Medi- cine for dental students. In 1936 he was ap- pointed Professor of Dentistry and in 1939 was elected a Fellow of the American College of Dentists in recognition of his sendees to dentistry and mankind. Dr. McBeath ' s interests are not limited to his professions, but include all the arts: painting, literature, and music. Fie is a practicing ety- mologist and an accomplished pianist. His pro- gressive and humanistic philosophy is well known to his students and associates. It is with the deepest sense of affection and latitude that this book is dedicated to Ewing Cleveland McBeath for his great contributions to dentistry and his devotion to his fellow-being. His kindly and genuine interest in his students has been in the past and shall continue to be in the future a source of comfort and inspiration. DWIGHT DAVID EISENHOWER, ll.d. President of the University WILLARD COLE RAPPLEYE, a.m., m.d., sc.d. Vice President of the University In Charge of Medical Affairs; Dean of the Faculty of Medicine MAURICE J. HICKEY. d.m.d., m.d. Associate Dean of the faculty of Medicine for Dental and Oral Surge! i ; Executive Officer, Department of Dentistry; Professor of Oral Surgery Operative Dentistry The year 1900 marked the 60th anniversary of the founding of the first dental school at Balti- more. Where dentistry had been for many years little more than a craft society, men now began to inquire into the reasons for the conditions they were called upon to treat. In dental education the leaders realized the necessity of providing a broader base of culture upon which to build the skills, judgment and experience necessary for successful dental practice. The progress of research being of necessity a slow and painstaking effort it was but a natural consequence that the therapeutic side of dentis- try far outdistanced the research program. The announcement to the profession of the inlay technic by Dr. Wm. H. Taggart in 1907 provided dentists with a method of casting resto- rations for teeth which permitted the building up of large portions of teeth lost through caries where gold foil or amalgam could not be used. Later work by other investigators enhanced the value of the process. Amalgam has been the subject of much study and research with the result that dentists have but to master the manipulation of this material Carl R. Oman, D.D.S. Professor of Dentistry as made to specifications by the Bureau of Standards to achieve good and lasting results. Root Canal Therapy has been the subject of much study and has run the gamut of almost complete abandonment following Hunter ' s criti- cism of American Dentistry to the present time when Root Canal Therapy is a scientific pro- cedure with bacteriologic tests to indicate proper treatment and favorable prognosis. Recently direct resinous filling materials have been introduced and are receiving the enthusi- astic endorsement of the profession. It is hoped that thev will prove more lasting than the sili- cates. Improved gold foil technics such as the use of the pneumatic condenser have served to recom- mend the more widespread use of gold foil as a restorative mate rial. There never was a better one. New impression materials such as the hydro- colloids and the alginates provide elastic proper- ties to permit withdrawal over undercut areas without distortion. The use of diamond instruments and carbide burs for the more rapid cutting of tooth structure undoubtedly represents progress. A recent sensational development has been the introduction of the Airbrasive method of reduc- tion of tooth structure by means of which a stream of aluminum oxide suspended in CO2 is employed to cut rapidly and without vibration or pain. This is a new and as vet untried method which will be carefully watched and evaluated as more men qualify for its use. The use of radiographic, biologic and labora- tory aid in diagnosis and treatment planning and comprehensive diagnosis for mouth rehabilita- tion rather than individual tooth repairs marks a big step forward. We are making progress on every hand in research, materials, technics, and application and correlation. It is sincerely hoped that the study of dentistry as a profession will continue to at- tract the type of man who will adhere to the high ideals of its founders. Continuing along these lines, the next half century of dental progress will shine more brilliantly than have the past 50 years. Carl R. Oman b ' ■ ' Iivin L. Hunt, D.D.S. George F. Lindig, D.D.S. Daniel M. Kollen, D.D.S. Wm. Silvcrstcin, D.D.S. Assoc. Prof, of Dentistry .Assoc. Clin. Prof, of Asst. Clin. Prof, of Asst. Clin. Prof, of Dentistry Dentistry Dentistn J. V. Benfield. A.B., D.D.S. Inst, in Dentistry Harold Sherman. B.S.. D.D.S. Inst, in Dentistry Edward A. Cain. B.S.. D.D.S. Asst. Prof, of Dentistry Herbert P. Fritz. B.S., D.D.S. Inst, in Dentistry William Miller, B.S.. D.D.S. Inst, in Dentistry J. E. Fiasconaro, B.S., D.D.S. Inst, in Dentistry John D. Hogan, B.S., D.D.S. Jmf. in Dentistry fs ( O s ft lj b 25: ▼, r%J a mk S. S. Scrivani, D.D.S. Joseph Leavitt, D.D.S. Wm. Raebeck Jr., D.D.S. Asst. in Dentistry Asst. tit Dentistry Asst. in Dentistry Prosthetic Dentistry The end of the 19th century saw dentistry as a young profession concerned primarily with the tooth and its surrounding tissue as an entity. Prosthetic dentistry was engrossed with the tech- nology of restoring or replacing missing teeth. (Development of materials, instruments, and methods was paramount.) Plaster of paris, vul- canite, wrought metals, and solder were the vehicles for prosthesis. The articulator was in its infancy; investigation of the function of masti- cation and mandibular movement was just begin- ning. With the turn of the century technological approach was modified by the realization that all sciences have much to contribute to dental investigation. The relation between dental and oral infection and svstemic conditions was of in- creasing concern and resulted in marked changes in prosthetic procedures. Asepsis, hygiene, and biologic compatibility became prime considera- tions in prosthetic design. Crown and bridge retention by the dowel crown was replaced by the coronal retainers on vital teeth. The casting process was introduced to dentistry in 1907 by Taggart and resulted in a vast technological change in prosthetic den- tistry. The development of hydrocolloids and alginates as impression materials has led to an accuracy that was unattainable previously. In the removable partial denture field the swaged base, wrought wire clasp, solder assem- bled denture was in wide use at the beginning of this period. Nesbit with his cast removable bridge was the forerunner of a wide acceptance of the one-piece, cast, removable partial denture. Full dentures have been improved through more complete understanding of the anatomy and physiology of supporting and contiguous structures. Wide study of mandibular move- ment, intraoral relations and occlusion resulted in improved artificial tooth forms, elimination of cuspal interference, and conservation of support- ing structures. Vulcanite as a denture base has been replaced by the plastics. The most significant development in dentistry and in prosthetics was the growth of emphasis on treatment planning. The viewpoint has changed from a narrow technological approach to a broader concept where the eradication and prevention of disease and the restoration and maintenance of masticatory function is the objec- tive of the dentist. The repair of the individual dental unit is incidental to a comprehensive treatment including diagnosis, prophylactic, sur- gical, and restorative care of the entire dentition. What lies ahead for dentistry in the second half of the twentieth century cannot be pre- dicted. It rests in the hands of the vounger and future members of the profession whose broader training and greater scientific knowledge will continue to advance dentistry as a branch of the healing arts. The Prosthodontia Staff has great confidence that the members of the Class of 1951 will con- tribute their share to the progress of their pro- fession. We all join in congratulating vou upon the completion of vour undergraduate training and wish you continued success in your future endeavors. Gilbert P. Smith Gilbert P. Smith. D.D.S. Professor of Dentistry 10 Max A. Pleasure, D.D.S.. M.S.P.H. .Assoc. Prof, of Dentistry George W. Hindels, M.D., D.D.S. Asst. Clin. Prof, of Dentistry Saul Mishcloff, D.D.S. Asst. Clin. Prof, of Dentistry Robert E. Herlands, A.B., D.D.S. Asst. Prof, of Dentistry Louis A. Cohn, D.D.S. Asst. Clin. Prof, of Dentistry Oscar E. Beder. B.S., D.D.S. Asst. Prof, of Dentistry William J. Miller, A.B.. D.D.S. Inst, in Dentistry John J. Lucca, Howard Arden, I. Frank Boscarelli. A.B., D.D.S. B.S.. D.D.S. B.S.. D.D.S. Instructor in Dentistry Instructor in Dentistry Asst. in Dentistry II Stomatology The Division of Stomatology, comprising the Sections of Oral Diagnosis, Radiology, and Periodontology, has a number of func- tions. As its name signifies it is primarily concerned with teaching the science of the mouth and its diseases with emphasis upon the relationship to general body economy. The knowledge acquired during earlier years in the basic sciences is reviewed and utilized for the critical study of oral disease. Every attempt is made to correlate instruction current with the newer concepts and the philosophy stressed that continual study after graduation is essential for future progress. Through the Section ot Oral Diagnosis it also serves as an interdivisional consultant group and emergency station. It strives to bring about a closer alliance between divisions thereby strength- ening our teaching efforts. In addition to the scheduled undergraduate teaching, courses of instruction are arranged for all post-graduate students registered in the institution. Lewis R. Stowe LEWIS R. STOWE, D.D.S. Professor of Dentistry Diagnosis and Radiology It is with sincere gratification that we, the members of the Diagnosis and Radiology staff, have followed the gradual develop- ment of student interest and participation in the various courses under our control. Ease of digestion and assimilation of material brought about by proper emphasis on basic fundamentals and oral- systemic disease relationships can, in large measure, lav claim to this credit. Edward V. Zegarelli EDWARD V. ZEGARELLI, A.B., D.D.S., M.S. Assoc. Prof, of Dentistr) ' Joseph A. Cuttita, A.B., M.S., D.D.S. Asst. Prof, of Dentistry Jack Budowsky, D.D.S. Asst Clin. Prof. of Dentistry F. A. Tuuii. D.M.D. lustr. in Dentistry 12 Diagnosis and Radiology (continued) z |, ■? - ST - F thM%M G. Minervini. A.B., D.D.S. Cl ' nt. Asst. in Dentistry VV. Halpert, B.S.. D.D.S. C in. .4 sf. in Dentistry r i Evald Lincler Inst. i RaWioJog; Ida M.Golorab, D.D.S. Clin. Asst. in Dentistry Pei ' iodon to logy A significant contribution to dental education during the past 50 years is the development bv a few dental schools of a better integrated teach- ing program between dentistry and medicine. This has resulted in a broader health service emphasizing preventive measures rather than corrective therapv. It has also become increasing- ly apparent that successful teaching and training in periodontologv are dependent upon, and cor- related with other subjects of instruction per- taining to oral and systemic health. Despite improved curriculum, adequate fun- damental information on periodontolooy is not taught. Further changes will be necessary before graduates will understand the basic principles of therapy and prevention of periodontal diseases. Frank E. Belibe Saul Schluger, D.D.S. Wm. A. Themann. D.D.S. L. Hirschfeld Asst. Clin. Prof, of Asst. Clin. Prof, of A.B., D.D.S. Dentistry Dentistry Inst, in De FRANK E. BEUBE. L.D.S., D.D.S. Assoc. Clin. Prof, of Dentistry Robert Gottsegen. A.B.. DJiv Inst, in Dentistry Ellen Hosioskv, D.M.D., D.H., D.D.S. Asst. in Dentistry 13 SAMUEL BIRENBACH, D.D.S. Joseph Schroff, 1897-1950 B.S., M.D., D.D.S. Assoc. Prof, of Dentistry Assoc. Prof, of Dentistry Oral Surgery Some phases of the subjects covered bv the Oral Surgery Division may be of merely cultural interest. The greatest por- tion, however, of the subject matter finds practical application in modern dental practice, the measure of application depending upon the proclivities and abilities of the individual graduate. Apparently the subjects covered treat in the main upon the biological phases of dental practice and the core of their content is lodged essentially in the basic and medical sciences. It is not intended to achieve complete instruction and train- ing in this area in an undergraduate curriculum. The com- prising subjects, because of their scientific and other ramifica- tions, constitute a lifetime study. Competence can be attained only through post-graduate study, well guided internships, hos- pital associations, and other available sources. The dental graduate who confines himself to the limitations of his office may be, in a limited way, a very excellent man but will not attain those important qualifications which are the hall-mark of a cultured professional man. Adolph Berger ADOLPH BERGER, D.D.S. William Carr Prof, of Oral Surgery Wm. J. Savoy, B.S., D.D.S. Asst. Clin. Prof, of Dentistry MiM Robert C. Devine. B.S., D.D.S. Inst, in Dentistry Stanley L. Lane, B.S., M.D.. D.D.S Inst, in Oral Surgery Morris Kavelle, Fred Rothenberg, Morris Fierstein, D.D.S. T. M. Bundrant, D.D.S. Boaz Shattan, B.S., D.D.S. D.M.D., D.D.S. Asst. Clin. Prof, of Inst, in Dentistry A.B.. D.D. S. Inst, in Dentistry Inst, tn Dentistry Dentistry Inst, in Dentistry 14 Periodontics LW1NG C. McBEATH, D.D.S., B.S.. B.M.. M.D. Professor of Dentistry Ol Ck •s S. N. Rosenstein, B.S., D.D.S. Assoc. Prof, of DeMfistry William A. Verlin, A.B.. D.D.S. hist, in Dentistry - - E. S. Luboja. D.D.S. Julian Schroff. Hyman A. Citron, Asst. in Dentistry B.S.. D.D.S. B.S., D.D.S. Clin. Asst. in Dentistry Clin. Asst. in Dentistry Pedodontics has made phenomenal ss during the past fifty years; in deed, it has emerged I rum oblivion to me a fundamental and basic branch ol dentistry. All ol its efforts arc wholly preventive in nature, whether they be directed to the restoration ol diseased tooth structure or to guidance for sys temic or local control ol dental health. rhey arc effective during the stages of development and differentiation of hu- man beings, the formative periods ol life, physical and mental. This pre ventive branch of dentistry should be closely integrated with, but regarded as separate and distinct from, restorative dentistry. Its scope must be broadened continually to make our future dental practitioners more aware of their pro- fessional obligations. Columbia Univer- sity has maintained consistently this perspective, lor which it has been com- mended by observant visitors from all over the world. Ewing C. McBeath Orthodontics ARTHUR C. TOTTEN, D.D.S. Professor of Dentistry The practice of orthodontics as an exclusive specialty had its origin in America at the turn of the twentieth century. During the first quarter of the century, the concept of orthodontics was purely mechanical. It was not until 1924 when Dr. A. Le Roy Johnson presented his Basic Principles of Orthodontics, a biological concept, that the profession started to realize that orthodontics is the art and science which deals with the growth and development of the body as a whole and is based on anthropology, genetics, dietetics, clinical medicine, and most of the basic biological sciences. This opened up a new field of research on the face and cranium. Today, orthodontics is rapidly changing from its old mechanistic concept to the biologic; case analysis is primary, appliance therapy secondary to the whole problem. There are greater achievements ahead and hope of a brighter future. Arthur C. Totten ILrrv A. Gallon, D.D.S. James Jay. D.D.S. Asst. Clin. Prof, of hist, in Dentistry Dentistry Alex Hanson Inst, in Dental Technic 15 Dental Materials Herbert D. Avers Jr., A.B., D.D.S. Inst, in Dentistry Wise selection of materials becomes more complicated with the introduction of new prod- ucts. A new material will seem superior in some property to any established one. To refrain from hasty acceptance is difficult, to discard the new as untried is blind. Predict the action of new materials by using test data to make sound selec- tions. Dimensional stability remains a vital property to consider in a restorative material. If it cannot be placed easily, no one will use it, if it appears unesthetic or causes pain, no one will accept it. If it gradually changes its size, all the other properties are not enough to justify its use. Herbert D. Ayers, Jr. Dental History William H. Leak, D.D.S. Lecturer in Dental History Curator of the Museum Fifty years ago a good dentist was so rated by his ability to place a fine cohesive gold filling. The developments at that time were mainly of a mechanical nature. The main consideration was the need for good mastication to provide proper assimilation of food and thereby ensure good health. Dentistry had lost itself in its tech- nical aspects and became all but separated from the medical profession. Today while technical assets are being aug- mented, a great ilc.il of research in various sci- ences is directing thought to prevention of dental decay and improvement in general health. ii.liam 1 1. Leak Oral Pathology Lester R. Cahn, D.D.S. H. A. Barrels, Assoc. Prof, of Dental B.S., D.D.S. Pathology Asst. Prof, of Dental Pathology Clinical Research H. F. Silvers, B.S., D.D.S. Research Assoc. Dentistry Austin H. Kutscher, A.B, D.D.S. Clin. Asst. in Dentistry Bacteriology George Stein, M.D.. D..M.D. Research Assoc, in Dentistry o Biochemistry Theodor Roseburv, D.D.S. Assoc. Prof, of Bacteriology Maxwell Karshan, B.S., A.M., Ph.D. Assoc. Prof, of Biochemistry Oral Anatomy Joseph A. Cuttita, A.B.. M.S.. D.D.S. Asst. Prof, of Dentistry Edmund Applebaum, D.D.S. Assoc. Prof, of Dental Anatomy Alexander Seclig. B.S., D.D.S. Inst, in Anatomy 16 Anatomy Samuel K. Detwiler, Ph.B.. A.M.. Ph.D., M.S. Prof, of Anatomy William M. Rogers, B.S.. Ph.D. Asst. Prof, of Anatomy Magnus I. Gregersen. A.B., A.M., Ph.D. DaUon Professor of Physiology Philip E. Smith. B.S M.S.. Ph.D.. Sc.D. Clin. Prof, of Anatomy V. M. C-.pcnhnvcr. .i: , Ph.D. Assoc. Prof, of Anatomy H. H. Shapiro. D.M.D. Asst. Prof, of Anat omy Henry Milch. A.B., M.D. Jusf. in Anatomy ' SIO W. S. Root. B.S.. Ph.D. Professor of Physiology John L. Xickerson, B.A.. M.A.. Ph.D. Professor of Physiology rh A. E. Scvcringhaus, A.M.. Ph.D. Prof, of Anatomy Julius K. Littman, M.D. Inst, in Anatomy Shih-Chun Wang. B.S.. M.D.. Ph.D. Assoc. Prof, of Physiology Pharmacology Neu roanatomy H. B. Van Dyke. Alfred Gellhom. M.D. Adolph Elwyn, L. V. Lyons. M.D. B.S.. Ph.D.. M.D. Assoc. Prof, of B.S.. A.M. Assoc, in Neurology Hosack Prof, of Pharmacology Assoc. Prof, of Pharmacology Neuroanatomy 17 Administrative and Clinical Personnel Sophia Shirley Thelma Jeanne Bridget Florence Wierse Westrope Solow Williams Dever Moore Anne Marion Winifred Ann Yvette Kay Barrett Weissman Vale Emmerich Frisch Cooper Michael George Esther Leah Ruth Miriam McGrath Cejka Andersen Wenig Pieper Surey Sigrid Edna Muriel Rose Eleanor Lena Linder McNeil Mulhaus Tarantino Koepchen Nunes 18 Martha Rhoda 1 eona S.,IK Marie Ruth Frank Levine Lewis Wcbstei Perkins I luRgCI l tf • ■■ ' ' ..■ 4 Jacqueline Altick Josephin Pascare Hedwig Langerwisch Josephine M.i i ' Li Millie Ohlhaver Arvona Memory Lillian Rem ice i Elise Bovd Tech niacins Anthony Alex Trongnne Casteneda leanette DiLuIlo Albert Katona Madalyn ' an Slvcke €S f% tt l Purchasing vTr ' v v M = Robert Wrong Richard Wehrhahn Charles Howe 19 Classes Class History There is undoubtedly one distinction that our class can claim . . . that ol being the oldest group of men ever graduated by any dental school anywhere. A- Murph) -aid back in 1947, the averagi of the class bv graduation time will be thirty. Well our four-time President was right and rates an A for Math and we wonder if he knew that bv 1951 there would be ten youngsters to cheer for six daddic.- as they reached out for the diplomas . . . or that the oldest offspring would be Bill Houser ' s daughter and that the youngest would be Murph s own recent addition . . . or that sixteen of the twenty-four of us would be married . . . or that four of us would be marked for Army and Air Force dentistry and that the rest of us would have to register for possible recapping bv our tall thin Uncle. Xot very pleasant to work over in the upstairs sawdust but it ' s part of our history and we ' re well used to taking the good with the bad after these four years . . . And tell me Dearie, do vou remember back in our first year that the upper classmen allayed our fears with comforting advice such as Histology? Easy! Just know the book! And then there was the joker who said Em- bryology? Final Exam? Don t worry . . . just read Dodds the night before, that ' s all! You ' ll be a long time forgetting Placer ' s clas- sic, But it was given to us confused in Fisology lecture. And how about the time Storella practically broke up a Neuroanatomy oral bv locating the Pons 28 mm below the foramen magnum? And you can ' t forget the afternoon in Dental Anatomy when Dicran heated the bow of the Bonwell articulator too hot and it practically burned its way through the red wax. roots, and crowns before he could grab it awav. And how everybody tried to help Murakami get caught up in Anatomy because he joined us a week late . . . and at the end of the second week he was helping us. Ah yes . . . the first year in dental school held a lot ol trial and tribulations but we weath- ered them and another birthdav saw us ensconsed in the Sophomore year. You recall that this was the year of Rosebury ' s live narrative on the 1 reponema Pallidum film and how you entered into the thunderous ap- plause when he finished. This was the year when lies lor Christmas became the chief topic ot pathologic conversation and time seems to have proved we made the right choice. And speaking ol Pathology, vou aren ' t soon going to forget Mali Boys Gorlin . . . and his tug at the collar, the business with the loose wristwatch. and the poke at sliding horn- rims. And then there was the elusive chirping from somewhere in the wall during Dental Materials and you couldn ' t help feel that it was mocking vou and that it belonged in that room of gadgets, and nowhere else. This was also the vear when Murphy mixed up a batch of amalgam and split it with Mura- kami only to be told bv an instructor that the mix he was condensing into a typodont tooth was terrible and that he should look over at Mura- kami ' s . . . that was the real McCoy!!! Probably the finest bit of pre-lecture motiva- tion during the second year belongs to Pharma- cology ' s Dr. Gellhorn when he told of the adver- tising of the insurance companies in England and the four slogans, such as from the cradle to the grave , pyramiding until you laughed so hard you had tears in vour eves? In September of 1949, we had arrived . . . we were assigned units on the clinic floor and what was more important, were assigned that first patient . . . remember that first rubber dam you applied and how vou jumped a foot every time the patient moved under the hand- piece and bur? Xow we were big clinicians . . . we were soon able to prepare, fill, and polish a class I amalgam (in seventeen or eighteen visits). And soon we were boiling right along making full dentures for selected patients . . . selected is a good word. One of our class was readv to take a Stansburv tracing and he prevailed upon Murakami to help him with the cheek retraction for the plas- 23 ter core. In the milling around that comes so easy to uninitiated Juniors the plaster gun was transferred rather ineptly from one student to the other and in the process about half the plaster in the gun discharged into the patient ' s ear and hair. She was a selected case ... a woman who spoke only Greek and it would be inter- esting to know just what she said when she was suddenly hit in the ear with this cold, wet plas- ter. . . Dr. McBeath ' s Medicine classes were weekly stimulants . . . the intelligent approach to med- ical terms by way of derivations and root words and O ' Connor ' s 6 years of Latin and 4 years of Greek making the rest of us look good at the game, and our staying on the ball for the unan- nounced oral quizzes. And do you recall how he ' d steam up just a little when some disoriented senior would burst into our Junior Medicine lecture? Don ' t you wonder now how many times we stupidly stum- bled in on his classes during our senior year and moved him to pity us? You certainly recall the lad who used to bring a smile to your wrinkled brow with his tighten up men, you ' re too relaxed or Moschella ' s do it over . . . and what must be the last word in explanations when Cohen said, I can ' t go now, I ' m waiting for a partial to cool! And do you remember that Eddie Friedman wore that ortho- dontic appliance for a year before we discovered that he wasn ' t interested in moving teeth but that it was the only way he could get Channel 13 in his section of Brooklyn. Then there was Mel- low ' s story of the birth of his first-born and his other tales of his days with the Flying Tigers in China . . . and the unusual coincidence that threw Lenny Seidenberg together with Bill Houser ' s brother in a bomb group in the 20th Air Force in the Pacific while Bill ' s older brother was Group Navigator with O ' Neill in a bomb group in the 8th Air Force in England . . . and to further the coincidence. Bill ' s first bombing mission over Germany on Januarv 14th, 1945 was O ' Neill ' s last. If you were to go to school for the rest of your life you ' d never get such a real belly laugh again as the day Tripodi put the lights on for the lec- turer using the switch at the rear of 7-207 while the lecturer snapped them out at the front of the room and we all sat there in the dark for a long second until the lecturer said Oh! and again whirled and put them back on as he wanted them in the first place. Probably the best laugh of the year for all of us, lecturer included. How often did you sit and listen to Victor Riviera and wonder how he could have spent four years in New York and sound worse than he did in the first year. Speaking of listening, 24 remember Herb ' s infectious laugh and Grift ' s philosophy that it was inevitable and you might .is well sit hack and enjoy it. You thought the Junior year was rough and you were probably right alter 10 points in C B, three dentures and over 300 points in Operative. And you said to yourself that the Senior year couldn ' t be any harder. Well, now you ' ve been through it and you ' ve courted a duodenal gumboil and your let t shoul- der is lower than your right from lugging a weasel kit and you ' ve wondered if anything short of attainment of Heaven is worth all the blood, sweat, and tears you ' re putting forth ... if the oreat Winston Churchill had been one of us he o probablv would have said, Never have so many- done over so much so often. Oh, the first trimester is a snap. You can even earn 7 on a normal relationship with your family for the first seven or eight weeks but after that the pot begins to boil. It hits you all at once and it doesn ' t let up until it ' s all over. It engulfs you like a huge angrv wave and it presses you down until you forget which way is up. And if for some strange reason (like hard work and a good break) vou should begin to see the rainbow, along will come someone to hand you a rebase or repair and vou are back down under again. Gone are the lunch hours in the cafeteria . . . in fact, gone are the lunch hours. Greenier rAiy stopped bringing lunches ... it hurt him to waste the food. Yes it is quite a year, the senior year at Colum- bia. The Comprehensive case and the worry that the patient would keep his appointments, pay the fee on time so you could get the gold or the teeth or that he wouldn ' t quit because you took so long to get things done. The Class III foil and getting that gingival bar of gold to stick . . . and then successfully plugging it, only to rock it loose in finishing. Re- member? And so here you are, a bunch of old men as dental graduates go: you ' ve made it. It was hard and long and if you were asked if the four years seemed short, if the time had gone quickly you ' d find it difficult to answer. In many ways it was long in coming. But you have to admit that you were so completely occupied at all times that it seems the time did go quickly. And you feel a wonderful sense of accomplishment because it didn ' t come easy but it ' s so worthwhile. You ' re a dentist. . . . Frank O ' neil 25 ROGER P. ADAMS Roger is one of the New England Adamses, and true to the Maine tradition, became a seafaring man in time of national danger. After seeing service in the Pacific Theater as a radar officer, he was dis- charged as an Ensign. Roger the dodger attended Holderness Preparatory School in New Hampshire, and went on to get his A.B. from Bowdoin after attending Bates as a Navy V-12. Roger is a member of Psi Omega fraternity and was a Student Council Representative during his freshman, sophomore, and junior years. It became prettv rough for Roger to hitch-hike all the way to North Carolina so fre- quently during the freshman year to see Justine, so he married her and brought her to the North and settled on North Brother Island. He is now the proud father of a young son who, we may be sure, will continue in the great tradition of the New England Adamses. Toward this end, Roger hopes to rejoin the Navy as a Dental Officer upon gradua- tion. EUGENE A. COHEN Gene is the one we have most to thank for having a yearbook this year. As Business Manager of the 195 1 Dental Columbian, it has been his responsi- bility to see that there were as few reluctant dragons as possible in the taking of advertisements and in the purchasing of yearbooks. The burden was his, and the credit for success should also be his. Gene is an alumnus of Brooklyn College, having received his B.A. there in 1948. He was also a resident of the Borough of Churches until the middle of the Sophomore year when he married Anne, and simul- taneously changed his, voting address to the Bronx. Gene was in the Army Signal Corps as a 1st Lt. and served in the Philippines and in Japan. In dental school, in addition to a penchant for waxing up partials, his activities included membership in the William Jarvie Society. Gene enjoyed the bene- fits of a junior internship at Fordham Hospital last summer and plans either a full internship, or a sub- urban New York practice upon graduation. EDW RD LI. 1 RII DM I he shadow of a dark and vague mystery hangs over Eddy. It is rumored that he possesses strange powers and Has the secrets of sorcery at his com- mand. How else, it is argued, how else can it he explained, that a dental student in his entire career, from freshman Dental Anatomy through to senior Prosthetics, has never, hut never, been in the build- ing alter 4:45 P.M. Those on the inside, ol course, know that there is nothing supernatural about the affair at all. It ' s just that Evelyn, who is finished with her school duties at three, awaits at home. Eddv. not content with one institution or learning gleaned his pre-dental education from Mount Union College and from New York University. During the war. he served in the Army Air Force as a 2nd lieutenant. He was a navigator and engineer on a B-29 which, he tells me. outdid Daniel ' s feat for danger. Ed is a member in good standing in the William Jarvie Society and is associate photo editor of the ' 51 Dental Columbian. After graduation, he hopes to find a good residencv or internship. I DICRAN GOULIAN JR. Dick hasn ' t onlv one claim to fame, but several. Besides being the white-haired bov of the ' 51 class, he also happens to be the youngest. He has the greatest number of nick-names, he is the only one of us that uses loupes, and he is the only dental student in captivity who has a mother who is a fully quali- fied, if unlicensed, dental technician. Dick is the photo editor of the 1951 Dental Columbian and deserves manv thanks for the hard work involved and the great results that he produced. Dick got his A.B. from Columbia College in 1948 after serving in the Navy as a Hospital Corpsman in the Dental Corps. Dick is a member of and official bartender for Psi Omega, a member of the William Jarvie Societv. and is on the staff of Dental Ab- stracts, and the Dental Columbian. He is also unique in regard to his plans for the future. He intends to practice dentistry part time while he attends medical school. His ultimate aim is a spe- cialty in oral and maxillo-facial surgery. ROBERT D. GREENIER Bob is one of a tightly knit group in class who are known collectively as the Shankers because thev commute daily to and from their respective domiciles in Camp Shanks. Bob came to us from Fordham University where he received his B.S. in 1 94 1. From Fordham he went into the Navy Air Corps and earned two full stripes as a pilot of PBlMs and PBYs, and saw service in the Pacific Theater around Hawaii and the Aleutians. Inci- dentally, Bob ' s charming wife, Elaine, is an R.N. and has been employed in a dental office, so Bob shouldn ' t have any assistant problem when he goes into private practice in Bloomingdale, New York after graduation. Bob enjoyed the benefits of a summer junior internship at Rockland State Hos- pital. He has been a member in good standing of Psi Omega fraternity. f ■ EDWARD MITCHELL GRIFFIN Eddy hopes to be the dentally distinguished son of a dentally distinguished father, since his father is a noted orthodontist of Manhattan and Brooklyn, New York. Ed, however, hopes to specialize in oral surgery and intends to intern in Kings County Hospital toward that end. Eddv is one of our several Ivy League collegiates, having received his A.B. from Dartmouth College in 1947. Previous to that, he served as a Naval officer in a mine disposal unit and reached the grade of Lieutenant Cj-g.)- Ed ably served us as class Secretary during the freshman year and is a member in good standing of Psi Omega fraternity. We wish him luck in his oral surgery aspirations. II 1 1 1 VV. HiHIM 1 ' . Bill came to us in the Freshman year as the only m.in with two children. Suzanne is now 8 and Sheila is ti and Bill and Ann are justifiably proud of their beautiful blonde daughters. Incidentally, while Bill is bus) ai school. Ann has found time, besides caring for the two girls, to run a disk-jockey show- on a local (Jtica, V Y. radio station. Bill got his undergraduate education at Colgate and of course had to go on to dental school because all readers of the Re . . . r ' s Di . . st know that Colgate reduces tooth decay. During the war. Bill served as an Army Air Corps pilot flying twenty five missions in the ETO. At school he has ablv represented our class on the Student Council through the freshman. sophomore, junior, and senior years, and served as its secretary in his junior year. He is also a member in good standing in the William Jarvie Society and in Psi Omega. He plans to rejoin the Air Force as a dental officer following graduation. • ' • ■ ■ . PHILIP KUTNER Phil ' s forte is making models. There is little else that gives him the exquisite pleasure of a model well made. For Phil, the model is God, and dupli- cating colloid its Prophet. Another outstanding quality of the man is his unexcelled popularity at exam time. Phil received his B.S. from C.C.N. Y. in 1944. and entered the field of petroleum chem- istry. His job sent him to Lake Charles, Louisiana with his brand new wife, Eth. During the war the chemist was converted to an infantrv T Sgt and Phil served in the Philippine Campaign and later in Japan with the 25th Division. Phil has served the class well as Secretary during the sophomore, junior, and senior years. He has been a member of the William Jarvie Society and this year ablv served as Secretary of that organization. Phil had a junior internship at Creedmore State Hospital last summer and liked it so well that he plans to return at least for a short time after graduation. STANLEY E. MACHENBERG Stanley got his B.S. from the University of Connecticut in 1943 and thence to the Armv Medi- cal Department. Stan was one of the few sea-going soldiers for he served as a corpsman on a hospital ship. It seems that he not onlv had his hacks and forths, but I ' m told he had his ups and downs on that ship too . . . some story about painting stair- cases, but the details are rather vague. After the sailor in khaki had done with the ETO and the MTO, he took Gloria to Florida to seek his fortune in the Palm Beach and Miami area. Fortune was not to be found under the Florida sun, but this enterprising young man did find time to take several courses in the U. of Florida to help him along on his dental career. While in school, he has found time to engage in research related to bio- chemistry and dentistrv. At present. Stan is unde- cided about his future plans but it can be assumed that whatever he decides to do, he will do it both well and in Connecticut. A EMIL ANTHONY MELLOW Emil entered the army as a private in 1940 and left it as a captain five vears later. In those five vears, Emil passed through each succeeding grade, and served in a variety of army corps, all the way from infantry, through medical, and finally in the Air Force. During the war he served as a navigator with what he modestly describes as the 14th Air Force but which we know bv its more famous title of the Flying Tigers under Gen. Chennault. In the summer of 1947, Emil married Inez and com- pleted his honeymoon on the steps of Columbia Dent when he registered for the freshman year. They are now the parents of a boy and a girl. The circumstances of the birth of the son will not soon be forgotten. Emil had not one. but two obstetri- cians engaged, but being a man who likes to do things himself, Emil successfully delivered his first- born all bv himself. In school. Emil is a member in good standing in the William Jarvie Society and Psi Omega. He received his predental education at Scranton College. Following graduation, he plans to rejoin the Air Force as a first lieutenant. JOSl I ' ll MOSC Ml I I Joe Ius the distinction of being the Father of the lirst child to be born in our class alter starting the freshman year. As Joe sa s. Man Lou as horn in Anatomy Lab. Anyway, she now has a little sister, Patty Jo and Joe and Pat are very proud of their daughters. Joe left Staten Island in 1941 to go to college in Vermont, but the war intervened and Joe entered the Arm) Air Corps, where he was mi Air Cadet with one week to complete when he recen cd his discharge. He returned to the Green Mountain State to complete his education and received his 15. A. in 194-. 1 understand that it was while in Vermont that he met and married Pat. In school, he has been a member of the William Jarvie Society and Psi Omega fraternity. In his senior vear he served as Grand Inquisitor of the latter organization. Last summer. Mush enjoved the benefits of a sum- mer internship at Letchworth Village, and plans to rejoin the Air Force, after graduation, as a Dental Officer. KENNETH MURAKAMI Kennv is the pineapple isle ' s gift to Col umbia Dent. Since his arrival, he has steadfastlv and stoicallv refused to buv an overcoat and gloves. insisting that what ' s not necessary in Hawaii is not necessarv in New York. Ken served in an Army Air Force signal unit for three vears. seeing service in the China, Burma. India Theater. Following the war. Ken completed his pre-dental education at the University of Hawaii. He arrived at dental school about two weeks late and everyone felt sorry for poor Kennv because he was so far behind, but it wasn ' t long before Kennv caught up and then outstripped us. and it ' s been that way ever since. He has been representing us on the Student Council for the junior and senior years and has been a member of the William Jarvie Society. During the senior year, he served as Vice-President of the Jarvie Society. Kenny had a partial summer intern- ship at St. Vincent ' s Hospital. His plans for after graduation include a general practice in Honolulu. JAMES GERARD MURPHY Murph takes top honors in Tammany Hall poli- ticking. As a result of calling vearlv meetings to re-elect officers, he has been Class President through the freshman, sophomore, junior and senior years. He also served as Student Council Repre- sentative for those same four years. Not satisfied with these duties alone, Boss Murph finagled a position on the staffs of the 1948, 1950, and 1951 Dental Columbians along with membership in Psi Omega and election to the Jarvie Society. Seriouslv, Murph has served our class well and his classmates are all aware of the debt of gratitude they owe him. Before Columbia, Murph saw duty as a fighter pilot for 54 months in Panama, Africa, Sicily, and Italy. Upon being wounded he was subsequently discharged as a 1st Lieutenant. He then completed his pre-dental education, receiving his A.B. from Rutgers University. Murph and his wife Ruth have two fine sons, Paul and Mark, of whom thev are quite proud. A suburban practice is planned after graduation. JAMES T. O ' CONNOR Jim is our class etymologist having earned his A.B. at St. Peter ' s College in 1947 majoring in classical languages. He is the only one of us who can discuss word deriyations right up there with Dr. McBeath. Okie is justly proud of his three year Army experience, so proud in fact, that he couldn t wait for graduation to re-enlist but joined the Army Senior Dental Student Program. He savs after four years here he will be glad to get to Korea for a rest. Jim is a member of Psi Omega and also a junior internist, having spent last summer with brother Murphy at Goldwater Memorial Hospital on Wel- fare Island. 1 R k D. O ' NEILL Frank was a Long Island school teacher before joining the ranks at Columbia Dent. I le received I S. from N.Y.U. School of Education in 1941 and his M.A. in secondary education from die same institution in 194,2. From the schoolroom he went to the Army Air Corps and served as a bombardier with the 8th Air Force. Alter 33 missions over Germany, 1st Lieutenant O ' Neill was shot down and remained a POW for tour months until liberated. At school he has been a member of Psi Omega, and in his senior year was the Grand Master of that organization ' s Columbia chapter. Frank also served on the staff of the Dental Co- lumbian and is the author of the senior class history. Frank and Elsa are proud parents of three vear old Kevin O ' Neill who was named after a great Irish Republican hero, although daddy didn ' t know it at the time. Frank hopes to enter private practice in the New 1 ork suburban area after yraduation. KENNETH M. PLATZER After graduating from Brooklyn College in 1942. Kenny was a civil servant for a short time and then found himself in the armv. He filled a variety of interesting capacities for that venerable institution acting as an infantryman, an instructor of mountain troops in mountain climbing and skiing, and finally his knowledge of Italian and German came to the fore when he served as regimental interpreter. His stay in southern Italv is one of his most precious memories and Kenny insists that it ' s one of the most beautiful places he has seen. Kenny is now serving as the Art Editor of the 1951 Dental Co- lumbian. Besides helping with the layout and general planning of the book, an example of his talent can be seen in the four sketches illustrating the Class History. Incidentally, Kenny had one of his oils exhibited in the Brooklyn Museum of Art earlier this year. Ken had a very fruitful junior internship last summer at Wassaic State School. Flis plans for the future are indefinite, but aim ultimately toward a prosperous private practice. I VICTOR M. RIVERA Victor came to us from the beautiful Carribean island of Puerto Rico, and his knowledge of Spanish has stood him in good stead often to help a Spanish- speaking visiting dignitary or patient. During the war, Victor served in the U.S. Armv Coast Artillerv; following this, he received his pre-dental education at Louisiana State University and the University of Tennessee. At school, he has been a member in good standing of Psi Omega fraternity and has distinguished himself with his experiments in trying to cast a gold backing directlv against a porcelain facing and tip. His future after graduation is unde- cided but Vic hopes to take a post-graduate course in oral surgery and then perhaps a specialist prac- tice in the United States. LEONARD SEIDENBERG Lennv is famous for his war stories; at the drop of a pontic, he ' ll be off for hours telling of his thrilling exploits in a trainer . . . and with the lid down! ! Len was a 2nd Lieutenant in the Army Air Corps and served as Navigator on a B-29. He flew against Japan from his base in the Mariannas. Lenny attended Syracuse University after the war and successfullv accomplished the unbelievable task of completing three years of pre-dental require- ments in one and one-half years. At school, he has been a member of Alpha Omega and became presi- dent of the Columbia chapter of that fraternity in his senior vear. Perhaps his outstanding accomplish- ment in dental school is the precision and efficiency with which he runs his student laundry. It runs like the proverbial well-oiled machine. Lennv has been so well pleased with the success of his en- deavor that he is considering branching out, widen- ing his horizons, and taking in unmentionables other than dental jackets. Lennv tells me that his future plans arc undecided but hopes to see his way clear to open a private practice soon. JEROMI SI I ING1 R |em intended originally to Ho an engineer and studied For two years .it Rutgers toward that end before the war. Afterwards, his greater maturity showed him his error, so he returned to Rutgers to get in his predental requirements and on to dental school. Incidentally, 1 am told he played .1 mean full-back on Rutgers ' football team. During the u. ir. ferry was with the infantry and saw service, lots of service, in Franco. Luxembourg, Belgium. and Germany, ferry is a regular contributor and is on the editorial board of Dental Abstracts. I le is a member in good standing and I listorian of Alpha Omega. Mis future plans are not too definite but he hopes for a good internship. If current rumors are correct, his future plans include much more than dentistrv. since a miraculouslv saved survivor of the YVoodbridge train wreck was wearing ferry ' s fraternity pin. HAROLD SILYERSTEIN 1 lal is a man who has never been known to lose either his temper or his equanimitv. He is also definitelv known to be a source of solace and com- fort whenever sorelv needed. Harold attended CCNY, Queens College and got his B.A. from Brooklvn College in 1945. In short he attended even ' city college except Hunter College for which he is everlastingly regretful. During the war. after receiving orders for the infantrv, he was auditioned for This Is The Army at Camp Upton (formerlv Yaphank). His violin virtuosity was recognized and he became permanent cadre as violinist in the memorable Irving Berlin hit, toured the countrv with it. and finallv helped to make the movie. At school, he has long been on the staff of Dental Abstracts and was its Editor in the senior vear. He is a member and Treasurer of Alpha Omega and was an active member of Student Council in his senior year. He hopes to establish a private practice upon graduation so that he and Cecile can raise a family. JOHN A. STORELLA Johnnv came to us with the broadest Boston a you ever heard. After four years in New York City, the a is only slightly narrowed. Ah, that New England spirit. John wasn ' t content with one insti- tution of learning, he made sure by going to four. He attended Boston University, Williams College, Northwestern University, and finally the University of Massachusetts where he received his B.S. in 1947. During the war, John was in the U.S. Navy and served on an LSM in the Atlantic Theater as a communications officer. After three years, he was discharged as an Ensign. In school, Johnny has served on the staff of Dental Abstracts. Everyday his voice could be heard cajoling, pleading, Just a couple, you only have to write a couple. In his senior year his efforts were rewarded and he became Associate Editor of that publication. John is a member of Psi Omega and is on the staff of the 1951 Dental Columbian. Johnny had a junior in- ternship at Creedmoor State Hospital and now intends to enter private practice in Beantown; Bos- ton, that is. HERBERT TOLMACH Herbie is the Editor of this whole enterprise, so blame him. He probably picked up these editorial yearnings during his cruises off Panama or Southern California while with the U. S. Maritime Service during the last war. Herb was a Pharmacist ' s Mate 1st Class involved with both dental and medical duties. He attended City College of New York and completed his A.B. at New York University in 19-)-. Herb is an active member of the William Jarvie Society for Dental Research and served as Secretary of the Society during his junior year. Herb ' s wife. Pauline, is a registered nurse now working at the Veterans Administration ' s New York office. Pauline probably looks forward to Herb ' s graduation so that she can retire. Little does she know that she will undoubtedly be put to work running the Tolmach dental office when Herb opens a private practice somewhere in the city area. JOSI I ' ll JOHN rRIPODl There arc man) who insist that Joe should have been a varsity runner, for there is nobody, but nobod) that can touch him for speed, lie ' s been known to put relief wax on a model on one day and to try in the harness on the next. Joe started His education at the University of Buffalo but soon switched over to St. Bonaventure University. In 1945 he received his 15. S. and in 194 he received his M.S. in Biologv from the same University. Ik- was pretty busy at college too, belonging to two undergraduate fraternities and was feature editor of the school paper. Trip was President of the Student Council in his senior year, and is a member in good standing of Psi Omega. His future plans consist of taking Betty back home upstate and entering private practice. WILSON T. WORBOYS Bill is the grand-daddv of the class but he doesn ' t feel badly about this because there are several very close runners-up, still none of us belong to the Serutan club. Billy turns out inlays and bridges that resemble the masterpieces of Benvenuto Cellini for sheer beauty and craftsmanship, and his full den- tures require a bull-dozer to dislodge them. Bill received his A.B. from Houghton College in 1940 and went into industrial engineering as a career. He worked for a Rochester firm that made tanks, of the pressure type not the kind with treads. Will and Alison moved to New York and then to Engle- wood when he started dental school. He has been Vice-President of our class through the freshman, sophomore, junior, and senior years. He was a mem- ber of the William Jarvie Society and was President of that organization during his senior year. I le hopes to return to Rochester to enter into private practice following graduation. Class History s .ill good things must conic to an end. so did our summer vacation. We were .ill anxious to make the transition from typodont model to the very human oral cavity. Bring on the patients, we cried. Under a thin veneer ol calm and a profuse sweat some ol us managed to complete the rubber dam application within the first pe- riod. Matt Guido, one of the more successful students with the dam. was contemplating a slorious entrance into the cavity when his first patient became cyanotic: she was a mouth breather. Alter the first session in C B, our charts read: mesial cut complete, distal cut in- complete. Bob Finder, perennial punster, gave a schol- arly dissertation on one of modern dentistry ' s greatest controversies: Will the Nylon Jacket Replace the Porcelain Jacket? Norm Leefer and Lou De Francesco have come to realize that lull mouth x-rays are not too significant when taken with the switch off. Can we ever forget those relaxing mornings in 7-207, where Drs. Totten, Spengeman, Dolce et al. wouldn ' t let us in unless we whispered the password: simple removable acrvlic appliance. Burned fingers, singed hair, withered solder joints, with here and there a blood curdling scream to a chorus of DO IT OVER —all this was routine. Remember the happy hours spent on Coe-flow final impressions, sub- gingival curettage and State Board practice set-up exams? Our gingivae are still sore from those plaster impressions we took of one another in C B. The height of Joe De Lisi ' s secret ambition is to have Dr. Cain check out the margins of one of his inlays with a ball burnisher. Dr. Sherman puzzled Tom Samuels when he told him that he was too slow. Tom ' s excuse— his unit is far from all the supplies. Now he is seriously considering investing in a pair of roller skates for senior year. The slight tremor experienced by Dave Mason and Flarry Kessler on Tuesday mornings circa 10:00 a.m. is merely a carry over of our Oral Pathology days and coffee time. The day after a Milton Berle TV show, Dr. Piro invariably ap- proaches one ol the [uniors and s.i s. I ets not make a federal case out of this: all 1 want is a diagnosis. lj)i ks Could kill: Dr. Cain when the hos pital elevator operator told him, you students are nut supposed to ride these- cars ' ; this isn ' t going to hurt— much; fo May ola when you don ' t sign the score card ; this denture is not in cen trie. Embarrassing Moments: Your patient return- ing that beautiful Class 1 foil in a wad of chew- ing gum; accidentally flaming a wax pattern lor an inlay; developing a herring bone x-ray film; not waking up when the lights go on; trimming the finishing line off a die; using impression plas- ter instead of crystobalite. It is always a eomtort to return home in the evening alter a hard day in the clinic to unbur- den some of our weighty problems. Carmine Carucci is welcomed by twenty-month old Siena with a Hello, bum! Others among us who have decided to share their problems, dental and other- wise, are: Carl Fasano, Steve Berger, and Jerry Perry, having become charter members in the Ball and Chain Club. Other members now in- clude Al Moglia, Mat Guido, Carmine Carucci, Norm Leefer, Harry Kessler and Gunnar Sydow. Despite all the humorous incidents and mental anguish associated with the transition from the typodont model to the human oral cavity, the Junior Year has already shown us the satisfaction we can expect from doing good dentistry. Even now, we look back with pride on our first pol- ished amalgam, our first inlay (look Ma, no catches!), a full denture case checked out In Dr. Pleasure (retention by Duco), our first extraction in surgery. We were all sorrv to see Drs. Scrivani and Uccelani leave the teaching stall. Our loss is the Army ' s gain. It seems as though it was only a lew weeks ago that we first met our cadavers in Freshman Anatomy. Today, bolstered bv our pre-clinical studies and the Junior clinics, we anxiousl) look forward to a happy and successful Senior Year. Matthew Guido Joseph Dt Lisi 41 Class History As freshmen we breathed .1 bit more easily alter we put away our dissecting kits and kymo- graph records. The confusion and near hysteria that had existed until then seemed to be tapering oft somewhat, especially after a lusty recupera- tive treatment taken at the T. G. Our new schedule was enlightening as well as more peaceful. While the physiologists told us about the Hypnotoxic Theorv of sleep, the Neu- roanatomy department proyided us with indis- putable evidence for another theory— Neuroan- atomy, which was yen ' conveniently scheduled after lunch. More basic concepts were learned in Oral Histology— there are pig embryos, and bone is bone. Biochemistry was what Army In telligence would call Classified Material. Lec- tures were strictly confidential and no one spoke aboye a soft whisper. The peacelul atmosphere was occasionally disturbed in Dental Anatomy which was our first technique course. Many- crowns were shattered, malocclusion prevailed, and wax became the first dental material to re- place sandwiches. Sophomore year began by toppling everyone from the comfortable position he had assumed. Checking instruments and listening to frighten- ing orientation lectures were indications that the rat-race had begun. The technique courses were all-important and we knew it. That first impression had to be a good one and the bite blocks had to be optically symmetrical. The bite didn t have to be opened, but it usually was and selective grinding became the order of the day. Selective grinding? This means selecting a suit- able stone and grinding until said stone is worn out, following which another stone is selected. All in all. our full denture course was a pleasure. Hatchets, hoes, chisels and excavators were put to use in digging out sharp line angles and smooth pulpal floors for the operative division which raised cain if anv of the infinite details were overlooked. The finishing line received its share of attention in the crown and bridge course, despite the fact that most sophomores would rather make a shoulder. But we had theory courses too. Bacteriology elicited anaphylactic responses from everyone, Pathology tried to build .1 better telephone book with its notes, and Dental Materials put us through a scries of solid-solid transformations. 1 .iter in the year we were schooled in the mys teries ot pharmacology— no comment here since we have not yet deciphered the code that was Used. Now, all sophomore eyes are slowly and tim- idly turning towards the clinic in whose chairs sit patients instead of typodonts and iron models. We will of course have to alter some ol the pro- cedures of which we have grown so lond in soph- omore technique. Putting one ' s lull weight behind an impression trav might result in an anatomically accurate impression of a model, but a patient is likely to utter harsh and nasty sounds if he can speak through the segments of his mangled mandible. Serious and distasteful se- quelae would also result from seating a full crown in the blacksmith manner— the so-called finger pressure that one is told about. Another problem will present itself in the preparation of cavities in upper molars. Inverting the patient and ap- proaching the carious lesion from the pharyngeal region leaves something to be desired as far as patient comfort is concerned. This procedure has added difficulties since the pharynx is already crowded by the matrix retainer. But the traditional ingenuity of dental stu- dents and instructors coupled with the tolerance and understanding of the patients, will enable us to put to use all the numerous skills that we have acquired in our thorough pre-clinical training. As we leave it, there is no doubt in our minds that sophomore year will always be remembered as a rather traumatic experience, but one in which the satisfaction of having completed a project or operation always left a silver lining (polished of course) on the long and stormv road that led to said completion. Two things remain to be done before we invade the clinic: first, an- other recuperative therapy at the T.G., and sec- ond, a long, restful summer. This being done, we will be ready. Pandelis Camesas 43 £ JL P. P. llif J Class History e are freshmen . . . perched on the bot- tom rung nl the dental school ladder. But, hav- ing arrived at the one quarter mark, we are al- ready beginning to assemble our collection ol Columbia memories. e are reminded of that first day of classes. Not that we were nervous, you understand . . . we just came at 6:30 A.M. to make sure we wouldn ' t be late. After all, this was the start ol a new era in our liyes. We were soon acquainted with the Gross Anatomy lab, and its ten undercover men. We boldly lifted the oilcloth to peer in, and after coming out of shock, we realized that things weren ' t so bad. Sleep became a function to be filed under H for Hypothalamus, and the NO-DOZ company broke all sales records. Then, after all our work, when we were asked to name the 743.5 branches of the internal maxillary artery ' , we calmly wrote out an ofT-color mnemon- ic by mistake. Upon learning of our error, we buried ourselyes in a corner, and underwent a mass reflex. But, there were lighter moments . . . such as our first beer party. With the exception of a few- cases of Rheingold Diuresis, a fine time was had bv all. And that wonderful December dance, with Chuck Obernesser and George Coulter gaily mixing the Zombies for us . . . we won ' t forget that either. While riding in the eleyator one morning, we took time out to choose the leaders of our gang. Before the ninth floor was reached, we had elected Bob Fitzpatrick President, Bud Parla- piano Vice-President, Jack Dunn Council Rep- resentatiye, and Francis Fleischmann Secretary. Still, there was a lot of work to be done. In histology, we were busily flipping coins to deter- mine whether to call it jhymus or tonsils. And such details! Describe the arrangement of the atoms of the molecules of the chromatin granules in a chiomosome ol an astrocyte . . . stained with Sudan 111. . . . but we managed some how. And we mustn ' t forget Physiolog) . . . better known as the animal kingdom. Dogs and cats, frogs and rats, all ran for cover when the Class of ' 54 appeared on the scene. So eventually, we found ourselves turning to our classmates. e centrifuged them in a Barany chair, and then watched their eyes play a game of tag called nystagmus. hen it was all over, with a lew hoarse chor- uses of So Long, It ' s Been Good to Know You, we said farewell to physiology and anatomy, and moyed on to the third trimester. Exhibiting superb technique the very first day of our Biochemistry course, we nonchalantly sipped fiye c.c. of sodium hydroxide through a pipette into our oral cavity. But by proper appli- cation of years of chemistry training, we cleverly neutralized the effect by gargling with an equiva- lent amount ol hydrochloric acid. In spite ol this, we soon got into the swing of things, and settled down to the task of merrily concocting bigger and better things through chemistry. Then, at last . . . Oral Anatomy . . . and we carved our first tooth . . . and it looked like the end of a twisted shovel. But before many weeks had gone by, we acquired the knack of producing several teeth in an hour. Unfortu- nately our mold broke, and we were forced to abandon the idea of selling hot teeth to next year ' s freshman class. Resuming the tedious pro- cedure of carving bv hand, we developed great dexterity in handling the knife. At the end of the course, each member of our class was the proud possessor of a well-carved thumb, which bore a strong resemblance to an impacted wisdom tooth of an albatross. But this was dentistry, and we were rapidly becoming a part of it. Yes, we are freshmen, and we ' re proud of the title. Now. with the memories of our first year behind us, we ' re looking forward to the remain- ing three years with eagerness and enthusiasm. Warren Xadel 45 Activities ' ' cmint, that .he Dlrtut of and 5flfr a j jnf . excellence in sc Dental Columbian Editor Herbert Tolmach ' 51 Business Manager Eugene Cohen ' 51 Photography Editor Dicran Goulian, Jr. ' 51 Associate Photography Editor .... Edward Friedman ' 5 1 Art Editor Kenneth Platzer ' 5 I EDITORIAL STAFF James G. Murphy ' 5 1 Frank D. O ' Neill ' 5 1 John A. Storella ' 51 Harold Silverstein ' 51 Matthew Guido ' 52 Joseph DiLisi ' 52 Pandelis Camesas ' 53 Warren Nadel ' 54 BUSINESS AND CIRCULATION STAFI ' 51 Dicran Goulian jr. Philip Kutner ' 51 Stanley Machenberg ' 51 Frank O ' Neill ' 51 Harold Silverstein ' 51 Joseph Tripodi ' 51 Wilson Worbovs ' 5 1 Matthew Guido ' 52 Morvia T. Helmer ' 52 Pandelis Camesas ' 53 Joseph Fitzpatrick ' 54 Faculty Advisor Dr. Solomon N. Rosenstein 48 Editorial Our graduation this year is at the mid-point of the century. One-half of the twentieth century, which recorded dentistry ' s greatest development, has passed. The second half, with .ill its portent of good and evil for dentistry and mankind, is at the threshold. This year our yearbook, besides fulfilling its normal function ol recalling for us (for years hence) our current tribulations and joys, reviews the profession ' s great progress dur- ing the past filtv years, and. by implication at least, concerns the lurthcr dental progress and development which may be augured for the future. Three eminently qualified figures in the world of dentistry were asked to expand on this theme in the light of their own vast experience. A word concerning these authors will not be amiss. Dr. Arthur H. Merritt is a Special Lecturer for the Division ot Periodontologv and is the author of a volume on that subject. He is the past president of the American Dental Associa- tion, the American College of Dentists, and the American Academy of Periodontologv. He is currently the chairman of the American Board of Periodontologv, and was one of the founders of the School of Dental and Oral Surgery. Dr. William B. Dunning was also a founding father of our School and is Professor Emeritus of Dentistry. Before his retirement he was active in the Divisions of Periodontologv and Ethics and Jurisprudence. A plaque was erected in the School in 1949 in appreciation of his past serv- ices and many contributions to the profession and the School. He has done notable work in the field of Oral Pathology and was the co- author, with the late Dr. Davenport, of the Den- tal Dictionary 7 . Dr. Adolph Berger needs no introduction to the class of 1951. He is Acting Head of the Divi- sion of Oral Surgery and has been William Carr Professor of Oral Surgery since 1929. In Octo- ber of the same vear, he was elected a Fellow ol the American College ot Dentists. He is one of the world ' s outstanding oral surgeons and pro- fesses the progressive ideals of close interrela- tionship of the practice of medicine and den- tistry. I o these men go our thanks lor mi generously oivine of their time and talents in order to eon tribute to the success of the book. Our gratitude also goes to the heads of the various Divisions foi their contributions which are also in accordance with the theme of the hook and which add to the review I the hall-century. Credit is due to the members ol the Dental Columbian stall ' without whose diligent and tire- less work the production of this yearbook would not have been possible. These include the Busi ness Manager, Eugene Cohen, who headed both the advertising and circulation stalls; Dicran Goulian |r. who. as Photo Editor, lound time to click the shutter innumerable times and to edit the photographic material; Kenneth Platzer, our Art Editor, who helped with the layout and who made the sketches which illustrate the Senior Class History, which, incidentally, was written by Frank O ' Neill; and finally James Murphy, who has no official title but who aided the stall on many occasions and in several ways. Special thanks go to Dr. S. N. Rosenstein, our Faculty Advisor, whose quiet assurance in moments of stress was of inestimable value. As to the theme of the book, A half century of dental progress. the editor would like to add a thought. Anv review of the growth and devel- opment of dentistry may have an untoward con- sequence on practicing dentists and students alike in addition to its salubrious effects. That is, one mav possibly draw the conclusion that we possess all the wisdom, have perfected all the technics, and discovered all the materials. We mav need only a gentle reminder to realize that such a conclusion is unwarranted as well as un- fortunate. To paraphrase one of our contributing authors, students and dentists should be impressed with the fact that dentistry has not arrived, but is only on the way. There is definite need for more and more research, both clinical and laboratory, in public health, in caries prevention, in neoplasm detection and so forth. These research goals can- not be attained with the complacent attitude of see how much we know, but only with the ambitious attitude of how much there is yet to learn. Only in this way will the class ol the year 2000 be able to report on a century of den- tal progress. Herbert Tolmach 49 Student Council OFFICERS President Joseph Tripodi Vice-President Harry S. Kessler Secretary-Treasurer Robert B. Finder Faculty Advisor Dr. Joseph A. Cuttita MEMBERS Seniors: William Houser, Kenneth Murakami, James G. Murphy, Joseph Tripodi. luniors: Norman Falevitch, Robert Finder, Matthew Guido, Harry Kessler. Sophomores: Pandelis Camesas, Edward Lynch, Irwin Small. Freshmen: John Dunne, Joseph Fitzpatrick. The function of the Student Council may best be described by its Consti- tution: The purpose of the Student Council is to foster a more intimate relation- ship between the faculty and the student and to assist in improvements ' of the institution in order that it may be the foremost school of the profession. Under the guidance of Dr. Cuttita, the 1950-1951 Council helped to bring about Saturday clinics for student dental care and the Faculty Advisory Plan. These and many other accomplishments were made possible through the coopera- tion and help of the Dean ' s Office, for which we are grateful. 50 The William Jar vie Society OFFICl RS President Wilson I . orboys Vice-President Kenneth 1 . Murakami Secretary Philip Kutner Co-Treasuri rs Monroe 1. Gliedman Richard Gliedman Faculty Advisor Dr. Solomon . Rosenstein MEMB1 RS Seniors: Eugene Cohen, Edward Friedman, Dicran Goulian, William Houser, Philip Kutner, Joseph Moschella, l£mil Mellow. Kenneth Murakami, James Murphy, Herbert Tclmach, Wilson Worboys. Juniors: Joseph De Lisi, Daniel Glass, Monroe Gliedman, Richard Gliedman, Matthew Guido, Norman Leefer. Sophomores: Saul Axelrod, Martin Benes, Pandelis Camesas, Arthur Kahn, Allen Koslin, Murray Schwartz. The William Jarvie Society for Dental Research was lounded in honor of William Janie. a benefactor o ' - Columbia Dental School. The society has encouraged interest in dental research and education for twenty-five years. Each year, new members are elected on the basis of scholastic standing, participation in extra-curricular activities, and character. The acthities of the Society during the current academic year included addresses by men on the staff, men in the profession, and an annual dinner at Bard Hall. ' Wilson T. Worboys 51 Omicron Kappa Upsilon Epsilon Epsilon Chapter OFFICERS President Dr. Maurice J. Hickey Vice-President Dr. Ewing C. McBeath Sec ' y-Treasurer Dr. Edward V. Zegarelli Omicron Kappa Upsilon, the Phi Beta Kap- pa of Dentistry, was organized in 1914 at North- western University Dental School as a national honorary fraternity. The Greek l etters and in- signia chosen for this select organization signify Conservation of Teeth and Health — a principle and potential goal which are ever important in guiding professional growth and attainment. From a small beginning the fraternity gradu- ally grew and took hold in the various dental schools of the United States until at present there are over 37 member schools each having its own local chapter and each having representation at the annual meeting of the national parent organ- ization. Columbia University School of Dental and Oral Surgery was granted its charter in 1934 and named Epsilon Epsilon Chapter. Since, by con- stitutional law, local chapters are limited in their numerical choice of new members, we too had a small beginning but through the years by grad- ual growth we have added to our membership until at present we have 58 active members and 106 associate members in our chapter. Under the provisions of the constitution each chapter is allowed to elect to membership not more than twelve per cent of a graduating senior class. Election to such membership is based on high scholarship for the entire dental course, outstanding character, and possession of potential qualities for future professional growth and at- tainments. Those who are so honored become associate members in Omicron Kappa Upsilon. Of the class of 1950 we elected to associate mem- bership: Dr. Carl Barlow Dr. Hyman A. Citron Dr. Julius Jussim Dr. Morton L. Shapiro Also, under the provisions of the constitution each local chapter mav elect to membership den- tists in a dental school facultv who have served as full time teachers for 3 vears and who made outstanding contributions to the art, science, or literature of dentistry. Such members of the local chapters are designated active members and re- tain the voting privilege in the organization. Last year Epsilon Epsilon Chapter elected to active membership the following staff men: Dr. Daniel M. Kollen Dr. William Miller Dr. Howard Arden Dr. William A. Themann Dr. Clare K. Madden Dr. I. Frank Boscarelli A dinner-convocation in honor of the newly elected members was held January 1 1 th at the Men ' s Faculty Club, Columbia University. Each was presented with the coveted kev and diploma of the fraternity. Another year has rolled by and again our chap- ter is faced with the happv but difficult function of selecting for membership certain individuals from your class of 1951. Who the fortunate ones will be cannot be known as the Dental Colum- bian goes to press. However, to those of you who may be so honored the members of Epsilon Ep- silon Chapter extend a hearty and sincere con- gratulation. To those of you who may not be among the chosen few the fraternity looks for- ward to the time when she mav honor vou for distinction in practice, teaching, or research. To each and every member of the class of 1951 Omicron Kappa Upsilon extends its warm- est congratulations upon entering the profession of dentistrv. Mav vou at every moment in vour careers forever advance the unselfish ideals which will further elevate and dignifv our pro- fession. Edward Y. Zegarelli 52 Dentd I Abstracts FACULTY VDVISORY HOARD Chairman Ex officio ... Maurice ]. I lickej . D.M.D., I.D. C hairman Edward V. Zegarelli, B.A, D.D.S., M.S Ass ' t Chairman Jack Budowsky, D.D.S. STUD! I 1 DITORS Editor 1 larold Silverstein Associati Editors John A. Storella ilson I . Worboys 1 he histoiy I journalism is replete with examples ol periodicals which have been forced to suspend publication, only to be revived later on in a more enduring form. Dental Abstracts, which was tounded in 1945 with the aims of stim- ulating student interest in the dental literature and encouraging under- graduate contribution, regretfully suspended publication with the December 1950 issue. During its five years of activity dental literature from over ninety - dental and medical publications was abstracted. There was coverage of foreign language publications as well as full length books, the latter often reviewed bv members of the faculty. The students had a chance to read, abstract, edit, and prepare copy for publication. Dental Abstracts had a circulation of about 800 and was mailed to dental societies, dental schools, and private practitioners throughout the United States and in foreign countries. It is the hope of the manv students who have benefited from their work with this journal, that its purposes may again be realized in the near future in a journal incorporating the best features of Dental Abstracts. I Iarold Silverstein 53 Psi Omega Gamma Lambda Chapter Grand Master Frank D. O ' Neill Junior Grand Master Joseph C. DeLisi Secretary A. Kirven Gilbert, Jr. Treasurer Thomas E. Samuels Chief Inquisitor Joseph Moschella Editor : Dicran Goulian, Jr. Faculty Advisors Dr. William J. Miller Dr. Edward Cain Seniors: Roger P. Adams, Dicran Goulian, Jr., Robert D. Greenier, Edward M. Griffin, William W. Houser, Emil A. Mellow, Joseph Moschella, James G. Murphy, James T. O ' Connor, Frank D. O ' Neill, Victor M. Rivera, John A. Storella, Joseph J. Tripodi. Juniors: Louis Y. DeFrancesco, Joseph C. DeLisi, A. Kirven Gilbert, Jr., Edward P. Kesseler, David N. Mason, Thomas E. Samuels. Sophomores: Pandelis Camesas, Bernard Keller, Edward P. Lynch, George V. Lyons, Peter Mastrogeannes, Joseph A. Randi, Stanlev R. Sadies, John D. Suomi. Freshmen: George M. Coulter. o From the date of its founding at the Baltimore College of Dental Surgerv in 1892, Psi Omega has initiated over 25,000 members and now maintains 32 active chapters throughout the United States. Gamma Lambda chapter was established at this institution in 1906. In our efforts to cultivate the social qualities of our members and to exert our influence for the advancement of the dental profession Gamma Lambda has grown to its pres- ent membership of 28 actives ' and 14 pledges. We, the graduates, are grateful for those Psi Omegans who have gone before us and who stand ready to assist and advise those of us who share the ideals of a brotherhood so worthy of existence. 54 Alpha Omega Eta Chapter OFFICERS President Leonard Seidenberg Vice President Robert binder Secretary Stephen Berger Treasurer I larold Silverstein Historian Jerome Selinger Faculty Advisor Dr. Robert E. Herlands MEMBERS Seniors — Leonard Seidenberg, ferome Selinger. Harold Silverstein. Juniors — Stephen Berger, Robert Finder, Monroe Gliedman, Richard Gliedman, Robert Steiner. Sophomores— Saul Axelrod, Morton Balick, il liam Baral, IVlartin Benes, 1 awrence Daurn, Al- lan Fierstein, lack Horowitz, Murray Schwartz. Freshmen— Lionel Abzug, Morry Berkwitz, Ir- win Dambrot, Sheldon Finkel, Gerald Finkel stein, Seymour Forman, Donald C ,111.111)1. in. 1 lar- old Kalkstein, Lawanee Marder, Arthur Mettel- man. In recent months. Eta Chapter ol Alpha Omega has greatly expanded its membership be- cause ol the enthusiasm ol the new group ol underclassmen. The past year ' s activities in- eluded several dances and a stimulating lecture by Dr. Robert Gottsegen on his recent trip to Israel. The immediate plan ol the fraternity is to build an active organization which will enrich the social and scholastic life ol its members. The senior class members wish Eta Chapter the great- est success and a bright future. 55 A Half Century of Dental Progress A HALF CENTURY OF DENTAL PROGRESS Arthur Hastings Merritt, D.D.S., M.S., Sc.D., F.A.C.D. As one who has been actively engaged in the practice of dentistry throughout the first half of the twentieth century, the writer has only to review the changes that have taken place during his professional life to realize how many and how far-reaching have been those changes. I Dentistry a half century ago. At the beginning of the present century there were 29,786 dentists in the United States as compared with 86,786 at present. Requirements for admission to any of the sixty dental schools then in existence was com- pletion of one year of high school study. It was gradually increased to graduation from an ac- credited four year high school. This prevailed until 1924 when one year of approved work in an academic college was required, later increased to not less than two years. Length of under- graduate course in the dental school was three years. Dental practice was arbitrarily divided into two departments— operative and mechanical den- tistry. Both included exodontia though the term was then unknown. Operative dentistry con- sisted of operations on the natural teeth. Filling materials were amalgam, cement, gutta percha and gold foil, the latter being the sheet anchor of operative dentistry. The term, mechanical den- tistry was applied chiefly to operations for the replacement of teeth. This was usually by the use of fixed bridges or vulcanite plates. Ortho- dontia was in its infancy. Periodontia and en- dodontia as now practiced were practically un- known. Scaling teeth for the removal of salivary calculus was the beginning and end of periodontal treatment. Pyorrhea, often referred to as Rigg ' s disease, was regarded as incurable. Pulpless teeth were treated by sealing cotton dressings in the tooth saturated in some antisep- tic. Dentistry as then practiced was little more than an art and its practitioners generally re- garded as craftsmen. This in general was the situation a half century ago. II Increasing educational requirements for admission to the dental schools. First and foremost in importance in the prog- ress of dentistry has been the raising of educa- tional requirements for admission to the dental schools. This was fundamental to professional progress. It meant a better educated type of student and made for progress that would other- wise have been impossible. The measure of a profession will always be the number of edu- cated and cultured men and women who make up its membership. These higher requirements made possible uni- versity affiliations which had formerly been the exception in dental education. Lengthening the course of undergraduate studv from three to four years was a further step in professional progress. Nearly all dental schools now have university affiliations with an increasing number of full time teachers. These were all steps in the right direction. There are those, however, who feel that the goal in dental education has not been reached. In some respects this is true. A few in the pro- fession, and more outside of it, believe that the dentist should be medically educated and that dentistry should take its rightful place as a recog- nized specialty in medical practice. The separation of dentistry from medicine was made necessary by the number and diversity of its technical procedures. It was impossible to train the dental student in the technicalities of clinical dentistry plus training in medicine in four years. To increase the term to five or more years was economically impracticable. As these technical procedures diminish through the ap- plication of preventive measures, plus a more scientifically educated profession, closer relation- ship with medicine is probable. Whether it will become an accredited specialty of medical prac- 58 rice as in some European countries, only time will tell. ill Dental education. 1 he survey of dental education in the United States, 1 21-26 under the auspices ol the Car negie Foundation, may he said to have marked an epoeh in dental education. This surve has probably contributed more to the progress ol American dentistry than any other single event in the first half of the twentieth century. It changed the whole current of dental education in this country. The report covers 692 pages and deals with such subjects as the Present Main Features of Dental Education in the LI. S.: Regulation of Dental Schools by State Laws and by Professional Organizations: Curriculum and Teaching of Dentists: Research; Prospective Im- provement of Dental Education in the LI. S.: Dental Schools in the LI. S. and Data Relating to Each. This comprehensive appraisal of den- tal education in this country was the work of one man— Dr. William |. Gies— dentistry ' s greatest benefactor. IV Dental journalism. A half a century ago dental journalism was almost entirely in the hands of dental supply houses. This was what might have been ex- pected of a profession still in its adolescence and in no way a reflection on the trade houses. The profession itself was not fully organized, there being from 1869 to 1897 two national dental organizations, one in the North and another in the South. Most of the local dental societies were unrelated to the national groups. Early in the twentieth century plans were made to reorganize the dental profession by making the official local and state dental societies components of the American Dental Association, at that time known as the National Dental Asso- ciation. At present it mav be said that the dental profession of this country is one of the best organized groups to be found anywhere. In 1922 the National Dental Association assumed its original name, the American Dental Association. Steps were also taken to correct the situation in dental journalism by the publication of its literature bv the profession. In 1906, four dental societies, two in New York and two in Boston. united in publishing the Journal ol the Allied Dental Societies, Inc. This was done in the conviction thai the time is ripe to place inde- pendent professional journalism upon a more secure basis . . . and to take it out of competition with trade journals. . . . This arrangement continued until 1918 when the Journal was merged with the Journal of Dental Research. In the final editorial, December 1918, by Dr. William B. Dunning, the following announce- ment of the merger was made: The Journal ol the Allied Dental Societies was founded in 1906 by the societies named on its cover, as a protest against supply-house dental literature, and for thirteen years it has embodied, preached, and maintained the principle that the publication of dental knowledge should be managed bv the profession and not bv the manufacturers and vendors of dental merchandise. It has cham- pioned the cause of professional journalism as its first reason for existence. Since that date there has been a steady growth in professional dental journalism with the result that practically all dental journals are now being published by the profession. In the evolution of dentistry this was inevitable and represents one of the major milestones in its progress. V Research. Another highly significant factor in the prog ress of dentistry has been the growing recog- o o o nition of the importance of research. For half a century, dentists had continued in the repair and replacement of diseased teeth with little or no knowledge of the causes of these diseases. With higher educational requirements lor admission to the dental schools, plus improvement in under graduate instruction, the importance of research in the continuing unfolding of dentistry became increasingly apparent. At the same time there was a growing sense of the importance of dentis try as a health service. An example of this is seen in the 692 page survey of dental education in the LInited States, by the Carnegie Founda- tion. 1921-26. It was this appreciation of den- tistry as a health service that also gave birth to the International Association for Dental Re- search and to the founding of the Journal of Dental Research, both of which have contributed immeasurably to the advancement of dentistry. 59 The study now being made of sodium fluoride in the prevention of dental caries is an outgrowth of the spirit of research. Since prevention should be the goal of all health service, it is not an exaggeration to say that research in dentistry is making notable con- tributions to that end. VI Social responsibility. Dentistry is becoming more and more social- minded. This is as it should be. The practitioner of dentistry is charged with the responsibility of the treatment and prevention of one of the most prevalent diseases affecting mankind, plus several other diseases less commonly met with in daily practice. He is the only person in society quali- fied by training and experience to cope with this situation. He has, therefore, a large social re- sponsibility which cannot be evaded if the pro- fession is to discharge its obligation to the public. That this is being recognized is seen in the in- creasing number of dental clinics in our public schools; in the Forsyth, Eastman, and Guggen- heim Dental Infirmaries; in the appointment of dental interns in public hospitals; in the work being done by the Council of Dental Thera- peutic of the American Dental Association for the protection of the public against worthless and injurious dental preparations, and by other agen- cies such as the Bureau of Public Relations, also of the American Dental Association. This responsibility is further recognized in the creation of a dental corps in the Army and Navy, now recognized by the government as essential to the health and efficiency of their personnel. Practically all of these progressive innovations have come into being in the first half of the twentieth century. In 1909 the writer was instrumental in organ- izing six dental clinics in the schools of the Children ' s Aid Society in this city— believed to be the first public school dental clinic in this country. Such clinics may now be found in many of our public schools. VII Dr. William ). Gies: his contribution to dental progress. If one were asked to name the individual who perhaps more than any other has made the great- est contribution to dental progress in the past half century, he would probably be given the name of William J. Gies. As professor of biological chemistry at Colum- bia University, his assistance was sought in 1909 by a committee (of which the writer was a member) representing one of the dental societies of New York. They came together around a dinner table at the City Club where the research problems in which the committee was interested were discussed. Dr. Gies entered enthusiastically into their project, and from that hour to the present, he has given of himself, his time, and his extraordinary talents to the advancement of dentistry. And all this he has done without re- muneration. Not only this, he has, on more than one occasion, contributed to its progress out of his none too large professorial salarv. Though not a member of the dental profession, he has been an active worker in its ranks for more than forty years. It is impossible to list all of the contributions he has made to dental progress. They are well nigh innumerable. The following, however, may afford some idea of their scope: Founder of the Journal of Dental Research 1919 and its editor 1919-36; Organizer of the International Association for Dental Research 1920; Survey of dental education in the United States and Canada under the auspices of the Carnegie Foundation 1921-26; Editor of volume on Dental Care Under Clinical Conditions 1945; Editor of Horace Wells memorial volume, 1947, and a host of other activities too numerous to mention. The far-reaching influence of these activities, no one can measure. It is probable that they have contributed more to the forward march of den- tistry than any of the happenings of the present century. In recognition of Dr. Gies ' many contributions to the advancement of dentistry, nearly every honor within the gift of the dental profession has been bestowed upon him. These include honor- ary membership in many dental organizations; fellowship in the American College of Dentists and the American Academy of Periodontology; award of merit by the Rhode Island State Dental Society, and the Callahan Gold Medal by the Ohio State Dental Society. Several honorary degrees have been awarded him lor his achieve- ments in this and related fields. 60 In .in endeavor to promote professional jour nalism in dentistry free of commercial interests, a committee was formed in New York in 1936 for the purpose of raising .1 fund for the support of such journalism. Somewhat later its scope was widened to include other worthy projects. This fund, now exceeding $50,000, has been made possible by the contributions of more than 600 members of the dental profession in this country. In August 1950 this Fund was incorporated as The William J. Gies Foundation for the Ad- vancement of Dentistry, Inc. as a perpetual memorial to Dr. Gies for his notable contribu- tions to the progress of dentistry. The Fund is to be kept intact with such additions as may be made to it, the income only to be used. Since its incorporation an anonymous gift of $10,000 has been added to the Fund. Other contributions are probable. As one who has known Dr. Gies throughout his entire association with dentistry, it is the writer ' s opinion that Dr. Gies has made greater contributions to the progress of dentistry in the first half of the twentieth century than has any other individual. How great, no one can tell. VIII A forecast. With all the progress that has been made in the first half of the twentieth century— and they have been little less than phenomenal— dentistry cannot be said to have arrived. It is only on the way— a fact that is recognized by those who have been most active in its progress. Much remains to be done before it can be said to have reached maturity. This need not be a cause lor discouragement. Progress is being made and the future of American dentistry never looked brighter than at this time when it stands on the threshold of the second half of the twentieth century. Further changes are in the making. More attention is being paid to prevention. Evidence of this may be seen in the steps now- being taken in the study and use of sodium fluoride in the prevention of dental caries. The technical procedures of dental practice, which have almost reached the epitome of per- fection, will doubtless continue to play a large part in daily practice, but the frequency with which they will he employed will probably de- crease with the development ol preventive meas- ures. There will also be fewer pulpless teeth and less teeth will be lost through extraction. More attention will be given to the periodontal needs of the patient— at present one of the weak links in dental practice. Greater care will doubtless he exercised in the coming hall century in the selection ol those knocking lor admission to our dental schools. In his annual report to the President of Columbia University, Dr. Willard C. Rappleye, Dean of the Faculty ol Medicine ol Columbia, makes a plea lor a broad cultural background as one of the conditions lor admission to our medical and dental schools. It is his belief that pre-medical and pre-dental education should be devoted to the objective of providing as broad a cultural education as the institution can provide. It should be a preparation not for medicine or dentistry or public health, but for life. The candidate seeking admission to our dental schools in the future should be chosen, not be- cause he has satisfied the pre-dental educational requirements, but rather on the basis of char- acter and personality. The practice of dentistry is not a private enterprise but a public responsi- bility. It will be along these lines that one may look for improvement in dental education in the years ahead. Increased facilities for graduate and post- graduate work will also be made available to the dental practitioner of the future. This need is alreadv apparent and steps are being taken to meet it. With the advances that have been and will be made in the future, dentistry will increasingly appeal to the public as offering a wide oppor- tunity for service. While dentistry may never become a specialty of conventional medical prac- tice, it is bound to come into closer relationship with medicine in its scientific background and in its relation to general health. This is as it should be. It is not, therefore, too much to sav that the soul of dentistry is marching on. IX To the graduate of tlie future. To you who are about to graduate and to those who will come after vou, there has been 61 bequeathed a priceless heritage. You will have at your command the accumulated knowledge and experience which marks a century of prog- ress in dentistry. You will build on the founda- tion others have laid. Upon you depends the future of American dentistry. Your success, like- wise, will depend upon what use you make of your opportunities, whether as having graduated from the dental school you continue as life-long students of your profession, or whether on com- mencement day you close your books in the belief that there is nothing further for you to learn. .Yr u could make no greater mistake, for that way j lies mediocrity and failure. If you would be professional men in the best sense of the word-rif you are to live up to your responsi- bilities as members of the dental profession, you must be life-Ions students. You should begin early in your professional career to create a library. Buy new books as they come from the press and study their contents. Subscribe to several of the best dental journals and each year have them bound and add them to your library. Nothing will give you greater satisfaction. Sub- scribe also to at least one medical journal, and keep in touch with the progress being made in medicine. In no other way can you keep abreast of the progress that is bound to take place in the dental profession in the years to come. As a further step in your success as a member of the dental profession, join your dental society and take an active part in its program. Close association with your co-workers is one of the best means of growth in vour profession. By so doing you will profit by the experiences of others and do your part toward repaying the debt you will owe your profession. And lastly, be more than a student of your profession, important though that be; make of yourselves men of culture. Familiarize yourselves with the best in art, literature, music, and science. Have a wide community of interests outside of your profession. Be a good citizen. And as you engage in the practice of your profession, make it, not just an occupation for livelihood, but an occupation for service. The lasting satisfactions in professional life will not be found in the size of your income but in how well have you served your fellowmen. He serves most, who thinks most, Feels the noblest, acts the best. A HALF CENTURY OF DENTAL PROGRESS William B. Dunning, D.D.S., F.A.C.D., Professor Emeritus of Dentistry, Columbia University. When I graduated from the New York Col- es lege of Dentistry— now of New York University— in 1895, my classmates and I had completed a three year course in dentistry. We had been accepted as students on high school certificates, or their equivalent, and so far as I can recall, no pre-dental courses in the basic sciences had been required. Our entire student body of about 300 —Freshmen, Sophomores, and Seniors— filled our large lecture room every afternoon, and all of us listened to the same lectures, three times over, during the three years. We sat on wooden benches, the seats and backs of which met at a right angle, and when five o ' clock came, we were glad to move out. Our professor of anatomy used to assure us that appropriate bursae would develop in time to make our sitting down more comfortable, but however hopeful for such com- fort we may then have been, I do not recall much relief in that way, as the months wore on to the climax of graduation in April. Our professors were able lecturers in a cut- and-dried curriculum which to them seemed to stand the test of time. I have always been glad of the opportunity to hear them three times— not without regret, however, that a Senior was spend- ing valuable time in reviewing what a Freshman must know. Professor Weisse gave us a brilliant picture of the whole structure of the human body, but no provision was made for the dissec- tion of the head and neck. A fairly good course in inorganic chemistry supplemented Professor Satterlee ' s lectures. Biochemistry was and re- mained a mythical region of undoubted im- portance which some of us hoped to explore later. Professor Stein was our physiologist and philosopher, soon to retire. Our real concern was centered on the practi- 62 cal subjects of operative and prosthetic dentistry. Dean Frank Abbott and Professor 1 ittig were men well trained in the bard school I expe- rience, and their lectures reflected pciMni.il originality and ingenuity in that trial-and-error period o! dental practice. Our clinical work was well organized in the narrow mechanical con cept ol dentistry which then prevailed. The top ll ol the building was well provided with sky- lights, which served verv well on bright days. Artificial lighting was at that time practically non-existent. I have given this outline of dental education in the mid-nineties not in any spirit of criticism. but in order to show how matters stood in one of our well-known colleges, then a private corpora- tion. That picture may fairly be compared. I think, with the same in other privately owned dental schools of that time. The few university dental schools then existing were limited of course bv the state of our knowledge and the scarcity of good teachers. Research in the dental field was sporadic and for the most part carried on bv busv practitioners as a side interest. Full time teaching was didactic; the part time teacher, with notable exceptions, was ill-equipped. At the beginning of this century dentistry was truly a separate profession from that of organized medicine. Dental and medical students never met, except in the street. They were drawn from different social strata: the formal pre-dental edu- cation was distinctly inferior to the pre-medical. Later, these young men became total strangers and spoke different languages, in their daily work. With the exception of the oral surgeon, the graduate dentist, from lack of internships or clinical hospital experience, settled into a narrow groove, in his office practice. He became an ex- pert operator in dental and oral conditions, and the perfection of his restorative work became his ideal of professional service. The treatment of periodontal diseases was at a low ebb. We must make liberal allowance for the exceptional men who saw bevond the then insular status of dental science and art, but in broad terms it is near the truth to say that in 1900 good dentistry consisted in beautifully wrought and finished fillings, crown and bridge and plate work, and that the dentist himself felt assured in the scope and worth of what he was doing for the health and comfort of his patient. As with Robinson Crusoe, Ins domain was well in sight, and under control. In passing, it is interesting to recall that our medical brothers in those days were sufficiently confident in what we were doing as to feel ab- solved from responsibility concerning the dental and oral region. The general surgeon was the o o o last resort in critical eases, but the family phy- sician knew little more than a layman about the teeth and their function. Perhaps the hrst important advance from the good old days in dentistry was made In the German scientist Roentgen, in his discovery of the X-ray. When first announced to the world. Professor Pupin of Columbia gave a lecture and demonstration of that new miracle. This writer was present, and saw the shadow ol a door-key through a plank of wood. The potential im- portance of this discovery was of course im- mense—particularly in the dental field. The various densities of cancellous bone, of perice- mentum, dentin, enamel, and metal fillings give us contrasts in shadow pictures more clearly definitive than in other regions of the body where only bone and soft tissues are found. Our pioneers were quick and active in working out techniques for the making of intraoral shadow- grams, and we remember with regret the sad consequences of experiments which exposed the fingers and hands to overdoses of the X-ray. In the first decade of the present century, the dental X-rav picture came slowly into general use. They were made and developed usually by specialists equipped with cumbersome machines —an arrangement both inconvenient and expen- sive. The importance of a small and handv unit in the dental office was so obvious as to challenge our best inventive talent, and our manufacturers were on tip-toe to the same purpose. Dr. Leuman ML Waugh, later a founder and Professor of Orthodontics in our School of Dental and Oral Surgery, devised an early type of so-called gas machine, the first convenient dental office unit which was used widely for a number of years before the Coolidge tube was perfected. Today the dentist is guided by the seeing eye of the X-rav— a help whi ch is simply bevond calculation in spotting proximal cavity incidence and in root- canal surgery. An epoch-making invention was Dr. William H. Taggart ' s device for casting gold inlavs and DO O O prosthetic pieces bv the disappearing wax 6 method. I was so fortunate as to be present at the great meeting of the New York Odontologi- cal Society in the hall of the old Academy of Medicine building in West 43rd Street, in Janu- ary, 1907. The place was crowded with the representative men of that day. Dr. Taggart read a paper describing his method, and then he and Dr. Ottolingui proceeded to cast an inlay, using his special machine, operated by nitrous oxide gas, which provided the intense heat and the pressure needed to drive the dancing button of molten gold into the prepared mold. When cooled and separated, and the cast inlay went accurately to place in the die— an awed silence was followed by a crash of applause which made that moment an event never to be forgotten. We knew then as now, after forty years, that modern dental practice was to be revolutionized. Two very important elements in our profes- sional growth should here be recorded. The first in regard to journalism. At the turn of the century, our current literature appeared in house magazines— usually monthly— which were owned, financed and produced by the lead- ing dental supply houses throughout the coun- try. These publications were well edited, sub- stantial as to content and reached the dentist at little or no cost to him. Therein he found the latest advances in dental science and art, and the files were worth binding and keeping, as records of their time. However, it became evident to a small group of forward-looking practitioners that disinterested scientific testimony is incompatible with furtherance of the commercial interest which is frankly primary in any house organ. On the thesis that our periodic literature should be produced in journals owned and controlled by the profession, we may at this half-century mark record the disappearance of the proprietary jour- nal, and the establishment of our own publica- tions. Much is still to be desired, as to quality and quantity of production, but organized dentistry today is solidly back of the idea that it is our business to publish our own literature. The other important change relates to our dental schools. Fifty years ago, with but few exceptions, our schools were private corporations —many of them managed by trustees and facul- ties of worthy character, but each institution operating under the necessity of self-support. This meant large enrollment of students and poor standards of admission. In 1926 the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching published its famous report on dental education prepared by Dr. William J. Gies, of Columbia- one of the founders of our School of Dental and Oral Surgery. Dr. Gies had personally visited and inspected every dental school in the United States and Canada— a monumental piece of work, covering several years of research. On the basis of his findings, university affiliation was recom- mended for the leading schools, radical curric- ular changes for certain others, and discon- tinuance in one or two cases. In the twenty-five years since the publication of this report nearly all the dental schools in this country and Canada have become integral units in universities. Reference has been made to the scope of den- tal practice in 1900. I suppose no one then really doubted that the teeth and supporting tissues were living parts of the human body and, as such, might be involved in or related to systemic disorders, however remotely. Such surmise did not deter the dentist of that day from treatino dental and oral conditions almost wholly from the viewpoint of his particular field. Therein he was the expert; the physician or general surgeon might take over from that established boundary. In 1911, a British physician, Dr. William Hunter, published an article in the Lancet on Oral Sepsis. It was a bitter arraignment of dental practice, especially in America. Our beau- tifully contrived and finished gold crowns and bridges and root-canal fillings often covered, he contended, primary foci of infections which might be responsible for secondary infections in other parts of the body. This challenge to American dentistry stirred a tremendous reac- tion here, and started a wave of research which established the possibility and the danger of focal infection. Unfortunately the enthusiasts of the new theorv overshot their mark, and for a couple of decades many thousands of sound and useful teeth were removed in the hope that they were responsible for a long list of crippling and otherwise dangerous infections. Many of these decisions came from the family physician, without reference to the family dentist. It was a time of turmoil, when anyone ' s opinion might be as good as another ' s; but the advent of real knowledge based on scientific evidence has re- stored the normal swing of the pendulum. In 64 th.it long process dentistry outgrew its position ol isolation in medical science, and the dentist ol today shares with the physician the responsibility Foi the bodily health ol their patient. In looking back over the years, that period ol uncertainty and growth seems to the present writer to have been a major trend in our his tory. It has had a profound effect on dental edu- cation. In Columbia and I larvard the actual in- tegration ol the dental with the medical schools is now established. These, with other forward- looking universities, have undoubtedly much to learn in the near future. But, while disclaiming any skill as a prophet, one thing seems to me reasonably certain: with exact equality as to pre- professional requirements, the daily mingling of medical and dental students in the basic sciences during their Freshman ami sophomore years will lead to the natural and cordial cooperation of these classmates in the years to come. 1 his team- work should bring about great changes lor better dental health service. Our great objective is of course the prereiitiau of dental caries ami periodontoclasia. Hut the members of our Class of ' SI in Columbia need feel no uneasiness as to their usefulness in the conventional dentistry- of today. The present crop of youngsters, as prospective patients, here and elsewhere, will require restorative and pro- phylactic service lor what may be termed a life time. But great advances are in the making. At no period in our history has the immediate future of dental service seemed so important and so in- spiring. A HALF CENTURY OF DENTAL PROGRESS I consider it a privilege to offer a few parting words to a graduating class. I am obliged for the opportunity to do so for the Class of 1951. I must confess, however, that I have been much perplexed in search of what I may say to you in a parting way which would be appropriate for the occasion, w it H the hope that it would be welcome to you, my young friends, as you are about to leave behind that period of youth which was consigned and devoted to your preparation for your life ' s activity. You have reached the end of your prescribed curriculum and the entire field and compass of your profession lies before you. It is related that on one occasion while walking on the streets of Paris, Napoleon stepped aside to permit a laborer, bent under the weight of some burden, to pass by. To the comment of the ac- companying adjutant upon what he considered a humiliating act the Emperor replied, Always respect burden. Would that all those who are engaged in any phase of health service in what- ever relationship would adopt and always keep alive the analogous motto, Respect suffering for suffering also is a burden. It mav be proper at this time to examine even though cursorily the privileges and the obli- gations which the diploma you are about to receive implies. For the title of Doctor of Dental Surgery is a distinctive one and as all distinc- tions, it is laden with certain responsibilities and obligations. Your profession vouchsafes you the opportun- ity to secure a respectable livelihood and a cov- eted social position through service. These serv- ices consist of allaying pain, relieving suffering, eradicating and combating disease, correctino o o c congenital, developmental, and acquired deform- ities, and such deficiencies which result from the ravages of disease and treating injuries. In some important phases of these services you have been trained to employ technical procedures and technical devices; in fact for generations dental education and practice have been domi- nated by the aim of attaining technical perfec- tion, so that in technical ingenuity American dentistry has attained world leadership. It is to be noted, however, that while technical excellence was emphasized, the biological phases and contents ol dental education and dental practice have been frequently overlooked or neglected. It is encouraging that within com- paratively recent years this failing is being assiduously corrected because of a sounder eval- uation of the contents of dentistry and the many sided and far reaching possibilities of the pro- fession for public services. It is being established that the thesis that the oral region is an area separate and apart from the balance of the body 65 economy is biologically, philosophically, and practically unsound. But errors like disease must be studied and clearly understood before a mode of correction can be formulated. Many salutary changes in dental education and practice, as also in public recognition, have been brought about with the realization that den- tistry is not merely a technical vocation but a health service, and is in many respects equal in content and importance to some other medical specialties. The influence of University affiilia- tions played a highly important part in this con- nection. Furthermore the role, in this progress, of the better training in the basic and medical sciences and the intensity and thoroughness with which these sciences are being incorporated and applied in dental practice and research, cannot be overestimated. To illustrate, the dental graduate in connec- tion with his work is expected to prescribe and administer drugs in the way of sedatives, lo- cal and general anesthetics, chemotherapeutic agents, etc. Some of these drugs must be used with discretion and with an understanding of their action and possible reactions which may have a bearing upon some vital organs. Proficiency in all of these activities cannot be achieved during undergraduate studies. Real proficiency in any type of human endeavor ma- tures slowly and any one who stops his education at graduation will be, in the long run, a disap- pointed man. What about the future? We are not able to forecast the future. Evolutionary changes work often through unimaginable channels constantly and imperceptibly until finally they are brought to view and usefulness. It is difficult for us to imagine what future dental education and practice will be like. It is folly to assume, however, that any human en- deavor, and a profession especially, can be re- garded as being moulded and tied up with final- ity into an existing pattern. Biological problems which concern the treatment of sentient human beings must always be in a state of unbalance. The present is still clogged with traditions and forces looking backward to the past. But who shall say what the newer methods and profes- sional demands will be, when according to evo- lutionary principles, unpredictable changes will come and many of our present concepts shall have been swept away with the new discoveries, with scientific research, with changes in our so- cial and economic order? In the meanwhile, with sound evaluation we must hold on to such parts of the past which meet our newer concepts. It is the dutv of all concerned to encourage and help those progressive views which are being proven to be sound, helpful, and creative. As the still obscure biological problems in- herent in dentistry become unfolded, it becomes apparent that the path for the future develop- ment of dentistry leads not to identification, but to closer cooperation and mutuality with mede- cine. The ties and interdependence of the two professions are not fortuitous. Knowledge, al- truism, and cooperation have been important factors to make the relationship closer and more secure. It has been long recognized that hospitals and clinics are the post graduate schools of medicine and surgery. With proper arrangement, this can hold equally true for dentistry of the future. Ex- perience has already proven that affiliation with medical institutions is of great educational value in the practice of dentistry and the advantages derived from such cooperation reflect favorably upon all phases of dental service. I hope that vou, mv young friends, will not fall under the withering influence of isolationism. I would like to urge every one of you to serve, if possible, a vear of hospital internship under good guidance. Those of vou to whom such an ap- pointment, for reasons, is not available should seek well conducted and organized hospital and clinical appointments and aim to become integral members of the respective institutions. Through mutual intercourse and mutual aid Great deeds are done and great discoveries made The wise new wisdom on the wise bestow Whilst the lone thinker ' s thoughts come slight and slow. Daniel Gjllman. Be assured that gratification and reward for those engaged in the healing arts comes through the alchemy of sympathy elaborated solely in the human heart and mind, and from services ren- dered generously and altruistically. arm Good Wishes from Adolph Berc.er, D.D.S.. F.A.C.D. William Can Professor of Oral Sunjerv 66 Kffi5 DENTAL :t: : :«: tS° P a 7  «  • ' T ,  r licit ••••• _..« ••••••••••-•••••••••••••••••••• Dental ,-ican Cabinet Co. VtetoSg® :iii i Amei -co-pciu brushes. ...now supplied with Py- co -tips for interdental stimulation Py-co-pay Recommended by more dentists than any other tooth brush The Py-co-pay Brush— long the pro- fession ' s first choice because of its outstanding design — is better than ever. Those provided with natural bristles are duratized — Py-co-pay ' s special patented process for prolonging the useful life of natural bristles up to three times ... protecting against wet breakdown . . . preventing sagging or matting. Duratizing insures amaz- ing flexible stiffness that means longer brush life . . . better tooth clean- ing during the greater period of use. Also, every adult Py-co-pay Brush is supplied with a Py-co-tip interdental stimulator affixed to the brush handle, ready for your patients ' use according to your instructions. Thus, the name of Py-co-pay (Py-co- pay Brush, Py-co-pay Powder, Py-co- tip) continues to connote the ultimate in efficiency and safety in oral hygiene ...to merit more than ever your recommendation to your patients. PYCOPE, INC. • JERSEY CITY 2, N. J. CHOOSE S. S. White Master Unit and Motor Chair are as modern as the present moment . . . will date your office with today and to- morrow . . . tell patients you are prepared and equipped to render the latest and best that dental science has to offer . . . make it easy for them to refer their friends. and you choose right It has been truthfully said that the pro- ductive work of dentistry is conducted at the chair . . . that every needless move during an operation adds to lost time and profitless effort. S. S. hite equipment was conceived, de- signed, and built upon this simple and obvi- ous premise ... its accessories are always convenient and under perfect control for effi- cient operating: for example . . . the warm and cold air svringes. mirror, lamps, cauter- ies, low voltage instruments, sprays. X-ray illuminator. Bunsen burner, connection for I FREE Office Planning Service Distributors of S. S. White Equipment will welcome the opportunity to help you find a location and plan an office . . . for city or suburban practice ... in office building or bungalow . . . also suite for multiple practices ... all with- out charge or obligation. Easy. payment plans are also available . . . ask your lo- cal dealer or write direct. pulp tester, call button, etc. are on the acces- sory table or ami . . . making finger-tip convenience a fact . . . because they are al- ways close to the field of operation, whether you are beside or in back of the chair, with- out needless reaching or stretching. Operate an S. S. S hite Motor Chair . . . elevate and lower it . . . test its perfect bal- ance, simple, easy adjustability and positive locking . . . learn why it is so easy to work with it and around it. Sit in it . . . the form-fitting seat and backrest will hold and support you . . . make you relax instinctively . . . prove that S. S. Y. hite Chairs are the most comfortable ever built for the dental operating room. THE SS WHITE DENTAL MrC.CO. 211 South 12th Street, Philadelphia 5, Pa. lBuiW NWrra..UeQU.CKlYO A wtf. p,e5 9e . Ba -,lding ima Equipment. — ■ T- X The Choice of Leading Dentists You must look and act successful to become successful— quickly. And this is what a modern Ritter equipped office does. It immediately establishes you as a dental leader in the eyes of the only people who will put you in the higher income bracket— your patients. The Ritter Company not only helps you to dental leadership with the world ' s finest equipment; Ritter offers you these valuable practice-building services— 1. The complete services of the Ritter Office Planning Department. We ' ll plan every detail of your layout including decorations, without cost. 2. The Ritter Statistical Service. We ' ll furnish data about any community in which you wish to practice. 3. Practice-Building Studies that tell you how you can make more money with proven facts, not theory. 4. The Ritter Deferred Investment Plan that allows you to start with the finest equipment — and pay out of earnings. Ask your Ritter Dealer. Success starts with planning — now. We ' re ready to help. Please call on us. Ritter COMPANY INCORPORATED WILT Uf TO A —■■.:..; J . hOT DO N TO PBICI RITTER PARK, ROCHESTER 3, N.Y. trubyte A truly satisfying experience now awaits you. )iotorm teeth I mbyte Bioform Teeth are the result of the most extensive research program ever undertaken by The Dentists ' Supply Company. In its successful comple- tion, the knowledge, experience and talents of prominent prosthodontists and scientists were employed. Never before have artificial teeth been available that are as lifelike and as durable as Trubyte Bioform Teeth. The Result of Recent Biological Discoveries and of Important Developments in the Manufacture of Porcelain Teeth... ® 4 « NEW IN EVERY WAY TRUBYTE BIOFORM TEETH O Exact copies of attractive natural teeth Q Each size a duplication of another set of notural anteriors Q Harmonize with the outline form of the face, profile and cheek planes O Vacuum fired porcelain — denser, stronger and more alive in appearance O New blends in Trubyte New Hue Shades — react to all lights as do natural teeth The shades are approximate reproductions of Trubyte New Hue Shades, There are slight variations in the shades of Trubyte Bioform Teeth as is characteristic of fine, notural teeth ® New pin position — increases the reten- tion of the tooth and adds to its strength © The fully formed Unguals are comfortable to the tongue and aid phonetics. You can depend on Trubyte TRUBYTf BIOFOlM TEETH ARE AVAILABLE FROM YOUR TRUBYTE DEALER SIMPLIFY TOOTH SELECTION WITH ANTERIORS PROCEDURE:! 1 Measure width of replacement area around labial aspect of arch and de- termine tooth length required by measurement of bite block (adding 2 to 3 millimeters to include thickness of teeth) . These length and width measurements automatically provide the proper Five- Phase Anterior mold number. The Five-Phase Mold System identifies the measurements and character of the teeth. The mold numeral is the millimeter width from distal to distal of cuspids. In- itials L, M and S are used to identify Long (L) Medium (M) and Short (S) teeth. 2 The mold letters C and F designate dominantly Curved and Flat labial characters. Thus, you may select the set with either curved or flat labial char- acter — or a combination of both. The labial character can be obtained from pre- edentulous records or if none exists, labial characteristics of the nearest blood rela- tive will serve as a guide. 3Pre-edentulous records reveal varia- tions of labial markings, position of teeth and other characteristics in the original dentition. With Five-Phase An- teriors it is possible to make any combina- tion of teeth to duplicate such conditions by transposing centrals, laterals and cus- pids from different sets. This is possible because the proximal surfaces of Five- Phase Anteriors are co-acting. Thus the Five-Phase Mold System can be expanded to several hundred sets , each distinc- tively different in character — lifelike in appearance. UNIVERSAL DENTAL COMPANY . 48th at Brown Street . Philadelphia 39, Pa. to Dental Education and Practice 2 Outstanding Contributions COLUMBIA DENTOFORMS CROM a humble start 30 years ago Columbia ' Dentoforms have played an increasingly im- portant role in dental education. Today every dental student in the United States and Canada cuts his first teeth on Dentoforms, for we supply Dentoforms to every dental college in the U. S. and Canada and to many in other lands. In these 30 years there have been many improvements and additions to Dentoforms to meet the ever more exacting demands of teach- ers. Today Dentoforms number more than a thousand and present conditions the student will encounter in practice. And in graduate years, Dentoforms continue to help clinicians in postgraduate education and to help the busy practitioner in his endless task of patient-educa- tion by showing the better dentistry he seeks to give. BROWN ATTACHMENTS DROWN Precision Attachments have been used successfully since 1920, when patients were granted to their inventor, Dr. I. Brown. This event followed by only a few years the impetus that Dr. Herman Chayes gave to the advance in removable restorations by the intro- duction of the precision type of attachment. So simple, yet so effective and practical are the design and mechanical principles employed in Brown Attachments, that they have defied every effort to improve upon them for 30 years. Except for the addition, about 15 years ago, of the proximal contact type, to give the con- venience of a built-in proximal contact, no change in design has been made. The sizes of the Brown Attachment made today are identical with those made 30 years ago — a comforting thought if replacement parts are required. COLUMBIA DENTOFORM CORPORATION SERVING DENTISTRY FOR OVER 30 YEARS 131 East 23rd Street — New York 10, N. Y. Compliments of PSI OMEGA FRATERNITY GAMMA LAMBDA CHAPTER and ALPHA OMEGA FRATERNITY ETA CHAPTER 00 m W£ Y0M6 SHt MMMOSOf COLUMBIA graduates are all calling TRiangle 5-8260forCAULK ' S Equipment Service and Office Planning. THE L. D. CAULK COMPANY 3ALTIMORE BROOKLYN CHICAGO HARR1SBURG HUNTINGTON NEWARK OAKLAND PHILADELPHIA PITTSBURGH SAN FRANCISCO WHEELING Good Luck to the Class of ' 51 c L E v J fl K p M C M ■ E A I R ii u d :iid i J ■ ■ ■ II 1 WEBER R | 1 R R 1 EI C llCABINET 1 M m ■ T A XT N E Y | L 1 K Setting up and maintaining a successful dental office fits to- gether like a cross word puzzle. A capable dentist, the right dealer, the proper Equipment, a good location, a little luck! See our puzzle at the left for just a few of the leading man- ufacturers for whom we are authorized distributors. Let ' s plan that new office to- gether. M. A. SECHTER DENTAL EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES 119 WEST 57th STREET Circle 7-3666-7 NEW YORK CITY TRUSTING YOUR FUTURE TO LUCK? Numerous problems will face you in launching your professional career; such as, — where shall I locate? — what kind of equipment will give me the most satisfaction? — how can I finance the purchase of my equipment? Our organization, by virtue of its forty years ' experience in planning and equipping dental offices, is in a position to tackle these problems for you. DON ' T TRUST TO LUCK — CONSULT GENERAL GENERAL DENTAL SUPPLY CO., INC. 19 UNION SQUARE WEST New York 3, N. Y. Porcelain and Acrylic Jacket Crowns - Inlays - Bridges MetAcryl Reinforced Crowns DentAcryl Veneer Crowns Write for Illustrated Literature and Price List Vis it Our Beautiful New Studio — Th a only Completely Dust proof, Ai r -filtere d, Air-conditioned Porce- lai n Studi o in the Country. Nu-Dent Porcelain and Acrylic Restorations of Character THE only difference between a mediocre porcelain or acrylic restoration and one of surpassing beauty and naturalness is the lifelike Character breathed into it by its creator. It is this Character which sets Nu-Dent Restorations so far above all others. And this Character, of course, is simply a reflection of the skill, knowl- edge and artistry of the master ceramists who create Nu-Dent Restorations. f Before starting practice, visit Nu-Dent. Once you ] j see our exquisite workmanship and our exception- I 1 al facilities to serve you, you will appreciate what I 1 a helpful collaborator Nu-Dent will be to you. J NU-DENT, INC. Porcelain and Dent- Aery I Restorations, Exclusively Candler Bldg., 220 W. 42nd St., New York 18 Phone LAckawanna 4-3591-2-3 CASTLE SPECIALISTS IN STERILIZERS and LIGHTS American M obile Dental Cabinets... Everything you warn . . - where you want it . . . when you want it. For the perfect combination of beauty and efficiency, choose American Cabinets — now avail- able in exclusive new Coloriont finishes- The American Cabinet Co. Division of Hamilton Manufacturing Company Two Rivers. Wisconsin A Happy and Prosperous New Year to — The Graduating Class — Tru Chrome has surpassed the most op- timistic expectations in Orthodontics. Detailed Information on Request Gilbert W. Thrombley East Coast Distributor Rocky Mountain Metal Products Co. 220 WEST !2d STREET New York 13. N. Y. MUrray Hill 5-9247 MUrray Hill 5-9409 Distributors for AMERICAN STERILIZER, X-R-M X-Rays HU-FRIEDY, Inc. LATEST MODELS RITTER. S. S. WHITE, EQUIPMENT AMERICAN CARINETS, GE X-RAYS (New and Reconditioned Equipment) Manufacturers of Instruments for We Specialize In EXPORTING Oral Surgery — Pyorrhea — Exodontia Dental Equipment and Supplies PARAMOUNT DENTAL SUPPLY CO. and General Dentistry Request Our New Catalogue PARAMOUNT DENTAL SUPPLY CO. (Opposite N.Y.U. College of Dentistry) 3118 NORTH ROCKWELL STREET 210 EAST 23rd STREET Chicago 18, Illinois New York 10, N. Y. GOLD TEETH BEST WISHES AND AT TIMES SQUARE MEET YOUR FRIENDS AT R E Walter Dental Supply Co. Dental Supply Company 233 WEST 42nd STREET 307 LENOX AVENUE New York 18, N. Y. LAckawanna 4-0126 New York City MOnument 2-6112 - 2-6113 SUPPLIES EQUIPMENT DENTISTS! For mir Equipment It ' s the .1. W u mi Dental Enamel Co. hether you Deed ;i completely furnished office or a single piece of equipment, we ha e a large selection of new and rebuilt equipment to choose from. i-it our plant and showroom for infor- mation and honest advice regarding your equipment problems. J. iirm Dental Enamel Co. 11-48 46th ROAD Long Island City THE BOOKSTORE EXTENDS ITS SINCEREST GOOD 1S1IIS TO THE SENIOR CLASS Medieal Center Bookstore LExington 2-9229 MUrray Hill 4-2983 ABE BASS DENTAL EQUIPMENT SUPPLIES NEW USED — BOUGHT SOLD 219 Ea t 23rd Street New York 111. N. Y. A FRIEND Stone Dental Supply Co. Supplies and Equipment Everything for the Dental Student Nylon Cotton Uniforms In Stock Located Across Medical Center 564 V. 169 St. TOmpkina 7-1340 FOR THE BEST BUYS IN TELEVISION APPLIANCES MARINE BROS., INC. 1367 ST. NICHOLAS AVEN1 1 Near 179th Streel W . 3-202] DIRECTORY ROGER P. ADAMS 165 Marrett St. Westbrook, Maine EUGENE A. COHEN 2401 Davidson Ave. Bronx 68, N.Y. EDWARD U. FRIEDMAN 5000 15th Ave. Brooklyn 19, N.Y. DICRAN GOULIAN JR. 2400 Palisade Ave. Weehawken, N.J. ROBERT D. GREENIER 8 W Green Lane Ave. Shanks Village, N.Y. EDWARD MITCHELL GRIFFIN 54 South 2nd Ave. Mount Vernon. N.Y. WILLIAM W. HOUSER 207 Utica Street Oriskany, N.Y. PHILIP KUTNER 88-23 162nd St. Jamaica 5, N.Y. STANLEY E. MACHENBERG 1062 Summer Street Stamford, Conn. EMIL ANTHONY MELLOW 631 Gibbons St. Scranton, Penna. JOSEPH MOSCHELLA 21 West 602nd St. Shanks Village, N.Y. KENNETH MURAKAMI 721 Gulick Avenue Honolulu 38, T.H. JAMES GERARD MURPHY 380 Devon Street Arlington, N.J. JAMES T. O ' CONNOR 485 8th Street Brooklyn 15, N.Y. FRANK D. O ' NEILL 11-15 East River Drive New York 9, N.Y. KENNETH M. PLATZER 112 Bay 29th Street Brooklyn 14, N.Y. VICTOR M. RIVERA Miraflores 910 Santurce, Puerto Rico LEONARD SEIDENBERG 214 Kensington Place c o Raichelson, Syracuse, N.Y. JEROME SELINGER 118 Harper Street Highland Park, N.J. HAROLD SILVERSTEIN 845 Prospect Place Brooklyn 16, N.Y. JOHN STORELLA 152 Bremen Street East Boston, Mass. HERBERT TOLMACH 610 West 163rd St. New York 32, N.Y. JOSEPH TRIPODI 155 Minerva Street Tonawanda, N.Y. WILSON T. WORBOYS 1220 Genesee Street Rochester 11, N.Y. HAIRCUT OR A MANICURE V. LA PORTA SON SIX EXPERTS 4005 BROADWAY WAdsworth 8-1910 Near 168th Street Best ishes to the Class of 1951 Dr. Matthew D. Levin COMPLIMENTS Armory Bar Grill Printed by The Comet Press, Inc., 200 Vasick St., New York 14, N. V. 65 m