Columbia University School of Dental and Oral Surgery - Dental Columbian Yearbook (New York, NY)

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LESTER R. CAHN D.D.S. Associate Prof, of Dentistry HENRY A. BARTELS B.S., D.D.S. Assistant Prof, of Dentistry DRAL PATHDLDGY Modern dental students receive a thorough training in the basic medical sciences. For the first two years the curriculum is almost identical with that ot the medical schools. Too many students consider this an obstruction, a requirement that must be met before the last two years of Dentistry can be reached. The conception of Dentistry here consists solely ot the restorative phases such as Crown and Bridge and Prosthetics. These latter subjects are methods of treatment the success of which justifies our existence as practitioners of the healing arts. The success or failure of any treatment depends on an accurate recognition of the factors which caused the necessity for treatment. Conditions similar to the one in question must be ruled out by certain diagnostic features and confirmed by whatever scientific tests are at our disposal. This correct diagnosis depends on a thorough knowledge oF the underlying pathology. Herein lies the value of the medical background. Many have felt the futility of studying metastases of cancer and the migration of leukocytes in an inflam- mation of the kidney, but it is this type of knowledge that helps the alert dentist to diagnose oral conditions and apply the correct curative and restorative measures. To restate briefly, success depends on efficiency of treatment which depends on correct diagnosis which in turn depends on a thorough knowledge of pathology. The most beautiful bridge may fail because the abutments reside in areas of diseased bone. An ap- parently chronic infectious swellinq of a salivary gland may really be an epithelioma. A local gingival swelling may indicate a blood dyscrasia. A periosteal gumma may be mistaken for an acute alveolar abscess and lead to needle ss extractions. Further examples are un- necessary to pursue the point. The dentist cannot repair, replace, and restore the health of teeth and ignore the remainder of the com- plex mechanism of the body. Oral manifestations of systemic diseases should be recognized and referred for proper treatment, blood tests should be used more often in cases of profuse hemorrhage, radiographs should be consulted before any restorative measures are taken, and suspicious swellings should be biopsied before any decision is reached. Thus, pathology trains us to be mouth physicians and stomatologists. It has been said that pathology is the basis of all Medicine; truly it is also the basis of Dentistry. PEDDDDNTIA SOLOMON N. ROSENSTEIN B.S., D.D.S. Assistant Prof, of Dentistry EWING C McBEATH D.D.S., B.S., B.M., M.D. Professor of Dentistry LEWIS R. STOWE D.D.S. Associate Prof, of Dentistry 18

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I 3 WILLIAM LEFKOWITZ D.D.S. Assistant in Dentistry CHARLES F. BODECKER D.D.S. Professor of Dentistry EDMUND APPLEBAUM D.D.S. Assistant Prof, of Dentistry DRAL HISTOLOGY A thorough knowledge of Dental Histology is the foundation upon which is built one ' s understanding of most of the fundamentals of dentistry. There is no dental field in which a careful consideration of the histological aspect is not a factor before treatment is undertaken. The interrelations between oral his- tology and oral pathology or oral physiology are quite obvious to all. The alleviation of pain during operative procedure is a problem concerning all members of the dental profession, but it is to the histologist that we are indebted for our basic knowledge. According to Prof. C. F. Bodecker of Columbia, the most sensitive areas of the tooth are I) the pulp, 2) the dentino- enamel junction, 3) the granular layer of Tomes, 4) the inter-globular spaces. Most of the pain occurs when these areas are being impinged upon. The histological explanation for this is that the pulp con- tains delicate nerves; the dentino-enamel junction is saturated with peripheral sense organs which are minute branches of the dentinal fibrils; the granular layer of Tomes is composed of non-calcified organic material and dental lymph which is directly connected with the pulp through the dentinal fibrils; the inter- globu.ar spaces are filled with non-calcified dentinal matrix permeated with dental lymph. Another source of pain is the expansion of the dental lymph with sub- sequent pressure on the pulp during operating pro- cedure. G. V. Black ' s principles oF cavity preparation are all histologically sound. One of the main causes of recurrent decay can be traced to those operators who do not flare and bevel the enamel to make cer- tain that the enamel rods at the cavo-surface angle rest on sound dentin. If the cavity preparation has unsupported enamel rods these will chip off under stress of mastication and secondary decay is a surety. It is the study of dental histology that correlates the embryologic formation of the teeth, the calcifi- cation of the various oral tissues, and their changes during the life of the dentition to the various ab- normal conditions of tooth structure and occlusion. DRAL ANATDMY 4Xt JACOB ERDREICH D.M.D. Assistant in Dentistry MOSES DIAMOND D.D.S. Associate Prof, of Dr HERBERT D. AYERS A.B., D.D.S. Assistant in Dentistry 17

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HENRY W. GILLEIT D.M.D. Professor of Dentistry WILLIAM B. DUNNING D.D.S. Professor of Dentistry JURISPRUDENCE AND ETHICS The history of dentistry is interesting and should be fascinating to the dental student. Manifest knowledge in this field may easily lead to increased respect from one ' s patients and respect begets confidence. Lack of it may easily result in a low estimate of a practition- er ' s intelligence. This however is not necessarily fatal to one ' s hope of success. Knowledge of one ' s legal responsibilities is essential for the safe practice of any profession. Every dental service is rendered under contract, either expressed or implied, to do certain things and not to do others. Since these contracts are mostly implied it is necessary for the young practitioner to know what responsibilities he automatically assumes and under what conditions the courts may im pose penalties if a complaining patient drags him into court. Malpractice is a terrify- ing word to a dentist and predatory patients and greedy attorneys abound. Ignorance here may blast a young man ' s hopes. Because of this contract, unpleasantness in one case and possible ruin in the other the major emphasis in the course is placed on Jurisprudence. PERIODONTIA HOUGHTON HOLLIDAY A.B., D.D.S. Professor of Dentistry HAROLD J. LEONARD D.D.S. Professor of Dentistry FRANK E. BEUBE L.D.S., D.D.S. Instructor in Dentistry WILLIAM B. DUNNING ISADOR HIRSCHFELD D.D.S. D.D.S. Professor of Dentistry Associate Prof, of Dentistry HYGIENE AND PROPHYLAXIS ANNA V. HUGHES D.M.D. Professor of Dentistry (CATHERINE F. HOLLIS Instructor in Dentistry 13