Columbia University School of Dental and Oral Surgery - Dental Columbian Yearbook (New York, NY)

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ORAL DIAGNOSIS f A- m HAROLD J. LEONARD JOSEPH O. FOURNIER LEWIS R. STOWE D.D.S. D.D.S. D.D.S. Professor of Denfistry Assistant Prof, of Dentistry Associate Prof, of Dentistry DANIEL E. ZISKIN, D.D.S. Associate Professor of Dentistry „, C i t ' ;, SOLOMON N. ROSENSTEIN B.S., D.D.S. Assistant Prof, of Dentistry HENRY J. POWELL B.S., D.D.S. Assistant in Dentistry EDWARD V. ZEGARELLI A.B.. D.D.S. Instructor in Dentistry HARRY KAPLAN. JR. B.S., D.D.S. Assistant in Denfistry JESSE L. LEFCOURT B.S., D.D.S. Clinical Assistant Diagnosis, prognosis and treatment planning go back to Babylonia where sufferers were brought to the market place and all those who passed by were required to stop and confer with the afflicted and advise the same remedies or treatment that had cured others or themselves. Hippocrates believed that diagnosis should be carried out by deduction from clinical symptoms. The Curriculum Sur vey Committee of the Ameri- can Assn. of Dental Schools published a report in 1935 which stated that, the weakest link in dental education today is the instruction in diagnosis and treatment planning. However, Columbia, has had a course in Oral Diagnosis since 1927-28, and in 1931 students were assigned to the Oral Diag- nosis clinic. Our school is recognized as a leader in the teaching of this subject. In the curriculum survey report cited above, it was recommended that diagnosis and treatment planning be unified to emphasize the importance of considering and properly relating all types of dental health service for the patient and to help the student to see the work of the various clinical departments in proper perspective. HOUGHTON HOLLIDAY A.B.. D.D.S. Professor of Dentistry HAROLD J. LEONARD D.D.S. Professor of Dentistry FRANK E. BEUBE L.D.S., D.D.S. Instructor in Dentistry WILLIAM B. DUNNING ISADOR HIRSCHFELD D.D.S. D.D.S. Professor of Dentistry Associate Prof, of Dentistry

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ORTHODONTICS LEUMAN M. WAUGH, D.D.S. Professor of Dentistry HENRY U. BARBER, JR. D.D.S. Assistant Prof, of Dentistry EDWARD G. MURPHY ARTHUR C. TOTTEN D.D.S. D.D.S. Assistant Prof, of Dentistry Assistant Prof, of Dentistry GEORGE S. CALLOWAY Associate Prof, of Dentistry FRANK E. RIANS D.D.S. Instructor in Dentistry The first recorded methods of treatment of orthodontic nature were in Roman times. Some orthodontics was done by the Arabs, mostly ex- traction, filling and wedging the teeth, and this was as far as men advanced until that omniscient Frenchman, Fauchard, devised the expansion arch. However, it was not until the establishment of the first special school in orthodontics by Edward H. Angle in 1900, that this branch of dentistry came into its own. In 1932 a questionnaire study was made of the instruction in orthodontics in the dental schools of the U. S. and Canada. The majority of the schools agreed that the purposes of undergraduate PERIODONTOLOGY HARRY A. GALTON LEWIS E. JACKSON D.D.S. D.D.S. Instructor in Dentistry Instructor in Dentistry orthodontic education were: to give students an appreciation of orthodontics, to train students to recognize cases of malocclusion, to prepare stu- dents to prevent malocclusion, to aid them to understand related points in other fields of den- tistry and to prepare students to advise patients regarding cases of malocclusion. At Columbia the purposes listed above are followed and the effort is made to correlate in- formation from other branches of the curriculum. The students are led to understand the dangers inherent in orthodontic treatment unless it is done by one who is thoroughly competent. Periodontal disease has been with us since the dawn of time, and was the most frequent cause of the loss of teeth in ancient times. Pyorrhea was treated before the development of dental instruments by extraction, because the teeth loosened and were easily removed. The well known Arabian dentist, Albucasis, who lived from 1050-1122, developed a set of scalers to remove calculus, and similar instruments were used through the Middle Ages. Pierre Fauchard, and Bourdet, both Frenchmen, practiced the surgical removal of diseased tissue in the treatment of pyorrhea, a method that is in use today with but slight modifications. At Columbia, we are taught the conservative approach to the eradication of periodontal disease, the removal of the sources of irritation and infection and the prevention of the recurrence of such conditions.

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SAMUEL R. DETWILER Ph.B.. A.M., Ph.D.. M.Sc. Professor of Anatomy PHILIP E. SMITH B.S.. M.S.. Ph.D. Professor of Anatomy A. E. SEVERINGHAUS E.S.. A.M., Ph.D. Assistant Prof, of Anatomy R. LE G. CARPENTER - B.S.. Ph.D. Assistant Prof, of Anatomy WILLIAM M. ROGERS HARRY H. SHAPIRO B.S., Ph.D. D.M.D. Assistant Prof, of Anatomy Instructor in Anatomy HENRY MILCH A.B., M.D. Instructor in Anatomy ELIAS L. STERN B.S., M.D. Instructor in Anatomy A. FIRESTONE A.B., M.D. Instructor in Anatomy JULIUS K. LITTMAN M.D. Instructor in Anatomy MEDICAL M. N. RICHTER B.S., M.D. Assistant Prof, of Pathology D. H. ANDERSEN A.B., M.D. instructor in Pathology OLIVER S. STRONG ADOLPH ELWYN RICHARD M. BRICKNER L. VOSBURGH LYONS A.B., A.M., Ph.D. B.S., A.M. B.S., M.D. M.D. Professor of Neurology Associate Prof, of Neurology Assistant Prof, of Neurology Instructor in Neurology