Columbia University School of Dental and Oral Surgery - Dental Columbian Yearbook (New York, NY)

Text from Pages 1 - 152 of the 1937 volume:

IS { m J THE 1937 YEARBOOK SCHOOL OF DENTAL AND ORAL SURGERY THE DENTAL COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER NEW YORK CITY COLUMBIAN The Class of 1937 dedicates this book and pays tribute to our Associate Dean, Dr. Houghton Holliday for his understanding of student prob- lems, his progressive ideas in dental education, his refreshing and tireless spirit of enthusiasm which is inspiring. ..... ADM NICHOLAS MURRAY BUTLER LL.D. (Cantab.), D.Litt. (Oxon.), Hon.D. (Paris) PRESIDENT OF THE UNIVERSITY NISTRATION WILLARD COLE RAPPLEYE, A.M., M.D. DEAN HOUGHTON HOLLIDAY, A.B., D.D.S. ASSOCIATE DEAN OPERATIVE DENTISTRY MAURICE BUCHBINDER, B.S., D.D.S. Associate Professor of Dentistry MILTON R. MILLER, B.S., D.D.S. Assistant in Dentistry GEORGE F. LINDIG, D.D.S. Assistant Professor of Dentistry EMERIC ANGELUS, D.D.S. Assistant in Dentistry IRVIN L HUNT, Jr., D.D.S. Instructor in Dentistry WILLIAM MILLER, B.S., D.D.S. Assistant in Dentistry t CARL R. OMAN, D.D.S. Assistant Professor of Dentistry HERBERT P. FRITZ, B.S., D.D.S. Assistant in Dentistry Deceased In the fields of observation, chance favors only the mind which is prepared. Louis Pasteur 1822-1895. Such was the inscription upon a plaque on the wall of the entrance hall in a professional building in Pasadena, California which I had the privilege of visiting this past summer. I was so impressed that I copied it into my notebook and have spent many hours thinking over the wisdom of those words. After spending many years preparing for your chosen profession there are three main paths which you may take after leaving school. The first path would be the easiest to follow. Your books would be put away, you would open your office in a desirable section of a city and settle down to the routine of a practice. Finan- cial success may be yours and the social clubs of the community may take up all of your spare time. Professional contacts would not be retained and before long you would be practicing mech- anically. The years will pass without your noticing that you have not made any progress profession- ally, and some day you may even wish that you had gone into some other field or profession. Due to the fact that you must make a living you continue in the easiest path to satisfy your pa- tients or, if you are unable to satisfy them, you roundly condemn your profession and wonder why you have failed. The second path would lead you to join pro- fessional societies, to take graduate courses, and to read the latest books and journals. You would associate with men from whom you could learn, and in a few years you would be happy to look LEROY L. HARTMAN, D.D.S. Professor of Dentistry Sc.D. back upon the progress you had made since leaving school. You would start each day with new enthusiasm, your work would be easy be- cause your patients would appreciate the sincer- ity of your efforts, and success would certainly be yours. The third path would be truly in the field of observation which, in addition to preparation, would call for an unusual amount of persever- ance. Each day as you progress along this path your objectives seem more and more elusiv2. You study, you experiment, you observe the min- utest details and attempt to analyse each new observation. Sometimes your efforts lead you into ch an- nels from which you must retrace your steps in order to start out anew toward your objective. At the end of each day you should review all that you learned during the day and attempt to make some use of your new observations. No matter how honest your efforts may be, it seems to be the exception rather than the rule to have everything run smoothly. The obstacles placed in your path may seem at times insur- mountable and may tax your patience to the limit. The more knowledge you acquire during your years of patient study the better will you bs able to evaluate each new observation. Eventu- ally your efforts may be crowned with a contri- bution which will prove of real value to humanity: and you will then realize that your life ' s efforts have not been in vain. Choose wisely the path which you w : sh tc take and may your honest and sincere efforts lead you to happiness. ORAL SURGERY iHRSHT ' . . ' HENRY SAGE DUNNING D.D.S., M.D., B.S. Professor of Dentistry ADOLPH BERGER D.D.5. William Carr Professor of Oral Surgery JOSEPH SCHROFF DOUGLAS B. PARKER FRANCIS S. McCAFFREY SAMUEL BIRENBACH KENNETH F. CHASE B.S., M.D., D.D.S. M.D., D.D.S. B.S., D.D.S. Assistant Professor D.M.D. Associate Professor Associate Professor Associate Professor ° ' Dentistry . Instructor In Dentist-y of Dentistry of Dentistry of Dentistry Ci ft JOSEPH L. McSWEENEY D.D.S. Assistant in Dentistry ALBIN R. SEIDEL F. A. STEWART ROBERT NORTHROP D.M.D. A.B., D.D.S. D.D.S. Instructor in Dentistry Instructor in Dentistry Instructor in Dentistry •MORRIS A. ZIMMER D.D.S. Instructor in Dentistry HENRY SAGE DUNN D.D.S., M.D., B.S. Professor of Dentistry N G To the Graduating Class: The dental surgeon of today is supposed to know quite a lot about a good many things. This statement differs from the definition of the spec- ialist who is supposed to know more and more about less and less. No practitioner is supposed to become a specialist, however, until he has giv- en a considerable amount of time to post-grad- uate study and has received much special in- struction in the field in which he wishes to special- ize. After this he must have an opportunity to practice this particular specialty for some years to qualify in a special branch of medicine or surgery. We have not, as yet, found it possible in dentistry to set up spec ' al examining boards to rate certain men as specialists in the various divisions of dental practice. This has been done in the practice of medicine and surgery for some time and most of you, I am sure, know something about the otolaryngological board, the opthal- mological board, the obstetrical board and oth- ers. Some day we may have a qualifying board, for the dental practitioner who wishes to practice exclusively periodontia, oral pathology, ortho- dontia, and perhaps oral surgery, etc. As regards Oral Surgery, I would say that more dental practitioners are today performing surgical operations than heretofore. There are several reasons for this as I see it. First perhaps the economic one. The dentist, like some other practitioners, is loathe to send a patient to a brother practitioner for special services unless he feels that he cannot possibly take care of it him- self. Secondly, the use of procaine has given the dental surgeon a not too bloody field, and one that is well anesthetized, so that he can, without too much remonstrance from the patient, per- form quite an operation. Thirdly, the automobile has given the dentist practicing in the smaller towns, through which large arteries of traffic pass, an opportunity to assist the surgeon in the treat- ment of many injuries of the face and jaws. For the above reasons, many dentists are doing considerable surgery today, without having asked themselves the question, Am I qualified? The purpose of these few words is to ask you young men who feel that you have a flair for dental surgery, to become well trained for this work. You are leaving the dental school with a fair knowledge of dental practice, but remember that you are not anesthetists, and also that you have not had an opportunity, as yet, to qualify as dental surgeons in the finer meaning of these words. You are soon to become members of the great healing art, medicine and surgery, and you must remember that the patient is our first a nd only real concern. Don ' t think for a moment that dentistry is a separate profession; if you practice surgery at all, you are a surgeon. Someone has said that there is no such thing as minor surgery. This, I think, is true and when one of you lacerates the gums in scaling the teeth, you can start an inflammation and infection that can lead to an osteitis and necrosis that may be very serious in its consequences. We must always keep in mind that every patient that comes to us has some kind of trouble, real or imaginary. To them it makes little dif- ference. It is up to us to find the real trouble; too many practitioners are apt to hop to a job without knowing enough about the patient ' s his- tory and physical condition. The object of every surgeon in every field is to relieve suffering, to remove disease or pathology and to repair in- jury. In order to care for our patients scientific- ally we must make a careful diagnosis. All of our treatment depends upon an accurate diagnosis. There is nothing new or mysterious about this. Each of us practicing various branches of med- icine, surgery and dentistry has been doing this ever since our graduation and we cannot go very far in the treatment of the patient without a definite idea as to the ailment from which he or she is suffering. A diagnosis is best made by the process of elimination and a snap shot diagnosis is gen- erally not worth much. Our treatment is gen- erally: I — Medical, such as the treatment of influenza diabetes, etc., or dental medicine which might be placed under the heading of stomatitis. 2 — Surgical, including dental surgery of the teeth and investing tissues, oral surgery, maxillo- facial surgery. Some of the patients coming to you for treat- ment will need the attention of a good medical man or surgeon, and if such is the case, I beg of you to see to it that they receive proper advice and treatment as soon as possible. Have the courage and honesty to say I don ' t know. I think you ought to see Dr. So and So. There are many medical and surgical conditions that you as a practicing dental surgeon cannot be familiar with even though you have studied them in class and have seen patients at the clinics with similar lesions. We have endeavored to give you, at Columbia, a broad dental training, one that we hope will inspire you toward further study and research work in the prevention and treatment of disease. In order to do this your future pro- fessional life must be closely linked up with lab- oratories, clinics and hospitals, as members of the great healing art of medicine and surgery. PROSTHETICS WILLIAM H. CRAWFORD D.D.S. Professor of Dentistry GILBERT P. SMITH MORELL McKENZIE D.D.S. D.D.S. Assistant Professor of Dentistry Instructor in Dentistry donald j. w. Mclaughlin D.D.S. Assistant Professor of Dentistry HAROLD S. WOODRUFF NORMAN W. BOYD D.D.S. B.S., D.D.S. Instructor in Dentistry Assistant in Dentistry HARRY A. YOUNG D.D.S. Assistant Professor of Dentistry JOHN F. RALSTON D.D.S. Assistant Professor of Dentistry EARLE B. HOYT D.D.S. Associate Professor of Dentistry Even as prosthetic dentistry will play a big part in the practice of our profession, so has the de- partment of prosthetics played its important role in our four years of study. Being one of the first technical courses which the freshman meets, and one which continues throughout our training, looming larger and larger in perspective as the senior requirements approach their dead- line, it is faced with a very modern problem — that of educational methods and technics. It is especially interesting to note how this department has answered the challenge of these new ideas, and how the student body has re- acted to its approach. The ideas of experimen- tation, reasoning, and analysis have superseded the unthinking acknowledgment of traditional methods, and has tended to inculcate a scien- tific attitude and an open mind. Guest lecturers present new solutions to old problems and the recognition of new problems. New technics are evaluated, new impression ma- terials employed — modified posteriors, imme- diate dentures, case study, case history — all take form — and begin to mean more than words in a periodical. The student is now given an oppor- tunity to study his cases and to face the problems from the standpoint of the patient as a human being, rather than the single problem of an isolated tooth in an isolated department. The entire dental course tends to take on a new concept and begins to approach an inte- gration which is so difficult in a departmental DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY routine. No longer is prosthetics set aside as a purely mechanical process, but it is correlated with the fundamental scientific courses on which we have spent so much of our time. This co-ordi- nation does much to indicate to the student the value of knowledge in the fields of anatomy, physiology, bacteriology and pathology, and is instrumental as a stimulus to the acquisition of further learning which will in turn elicit new in- terest and research. The use of the motion picture in the educa- tional field was enthusiastically studied and ap- plied to dental problems by Dr. Crawford, whose excellent technics have become famous in this difficult, specialized subject. With the aid of other members of the department, many inter- esting films have been made, and others are now being produced. Dr. Crawford has also done a great deal of work on certain cases in co-opera- tion with the medical departments in reference to bite closure; and has done outstanding re- search in dental materials. Through the new courses in ceramics, the students are enabled to obtain instruction in thi= subject and do actual cases in this work which is becoming increasingly important. The strides taken by the Prosthetics and Crown and Bridge Departments have been note- worthy, and we of the graduating class are especially fortunate to have studied under this progressive spirit. ORTHODONTICS HENRY U. BARBER, Jr. EDWARD G. MURPHY ARTHUR C. TOTTEN D.D.S. D.D.S. D.D.S. Assistant Professor Assistant Professor Assistant Professor of Dentistry of Dentistry of Dentistry LEUMAN M. WAUGH D.D.S. Professor of Dentistry FRANK E. RIANS HARRY A. GALTON LEWIS E. JACKSON GEORGE S. CALLAWAY D.D.S. D.D.S. D.D.S. D.D.S. Instructor in Dentistry Instructor in Dentistry Instructor in Dentistry Associate Professor of Denti; - . ORAL DIAGNOSIS DANIEL E. ZISKIN D.D.S. Associate Professor of Dentistry ; ATM i HA J. LEONARD JOSEPH O. FOURNIER LEWIS R. STOWE D.D.S. D.D.S. D.D.S. Professor of Dentistry Assistant Professor Assistant Professor of Dentistry of Dentistry SOLOMON N. ROSENSTEIN HARRY KAPLAN, Jr. JESSE L. LEFCOURT HENRY J. POWELL B.S., D.D.S. B.S., D.D.S. B.S., D.D.S. B.S.. D.D.S. Assistant Professor Assistant In Dentistry Clinical Assistant Assistant In Dentistry of Dentistry RADIOLOGY PEDODONTIA HOUGHTON HOLLIDAY A.B., D.D.S. Professor of Dentistry HARRY H. MULHAUS Technician EVALD UNDER Technician EWING C. McBEATH D.D.S. , B.S., B.M.. M.D. Professor of Dentistry LEWIS R. STOWE D.D.S. Assistant Professor of Dentistry SOLOMON N. ROSENSTEIN B.S., D.D.S. Assistant Professor MAXWELL KARSHAN B.S.. A.M., Ph.D. Associate Professor of Biological Chemistry JAMES W. JOBLING M.D. Professor of Pathology MAURICE N. RICHTER B.S.. M.D. Assistant Professor of Pathology i ' % V D. H. ANDERSEN A.B.. M.D. Instructor in Pathology DENTAL EDUCATION HOUGHTON HOLUDAY. A.B., D.D.S. Associate Dean, School of Dental and Oral Surgery Dental education has undergone many changes in the last hundred years. Undoubtedly it has made many mistakes, but at least it can not be accused of becoming static or of need- ing to be torn loose from tradition. Dentistry began as a specialty of medicine. The need for special training in manual dexterity soon became evident, and as the medical schools were un- willing to provide the necessary facilities for the students to acquire skill in the mechanical pro- cedures, dentistry withdrew and set up as an independent profession. The establishment of separate dental schools followed. The faculties of these schools were recruited from the medi- cal profession at first and later from among their own graduates. A highly specialized program of education was developed and unfortunately the previous contact with the biological sciences was all but forgotten. The breach between medi- cine and dentistry was still further widened when the entrance requirements f or dentistry were lowered considerably beneath those of medicine, attracting students who were lacking in the scien- tific training required for entrance into medicine. When dentistry had reached this highly specialized mechanical stage, the disclosures of Dr. Hunter and others proclaimed the fallacy of building a profession based upon any function of the human body without a thorough grounding in the basic biological sciences. The increase in knowledge of diseases of the mouth and teeth, and the growing recognition of the vital rela- tionship of the tissues of the mouth to the body as a whole, has caused dental education to seek again a close relationship with medical educa- tion, and both professions have greatly improved the quality of their instruction by coming under the jurisdiction of univers : ties. The entrance requirements of the dental schools have been ' steadily raised until they are now in many in- stances, as at Columbia, on a par with those of the medical schools. With this closer relation- ship restored, some educators have advocated going the entire distance and again making den- tistry a branch of the medical profession. This plan has met with disapproval on the part of both the dental and medical educators. Many feel that dentistry would lose more than it could gain by such a move and the public would not benefit as a result. It is evident that our ideas about dental ed- ucation have undergone frequent readjustment. Dentistry is functioning as a separate profession, dependent upon the same biological sciences as medicine. However, dentistry still requires a highly developed mechanical ability which is not essential to the general medical practitioner. Probably it will never again be necessary to make any such revolutionary change in dental educa- tion as was made in 1839 when dentistry left the fold of medicine. It will always be necessary, however, to keep our objectives clearly in mind and to adopt such evolutionary changes in den- tal education as may be indicated from time to time. There are changing and growing demands being made upon the profession which must be reflected in the teaching program. We should feel free to reconsider the subject in all its as- pects whenever the spirit moves us and to re- construct it in the light of our growing experi- ence. Some parts we could probably discard as worthless. Others need to be added. It is ver) easy to become tied down to the past, accept- ing what is, as what should be. We need to tear ourselves loose from tradition and periodically, if not constantly, readjust our program to the changes which are taking place. You have received your dental education at a time when it is felt that dental education and medical education are practically on a par qual- itatively, although the content of even the basic courses which are common to both professions are not identical but are adjusted to fit the special needs of each profession. Your training has been better, we believe, than that of any previous group that has been graduated in den- tistry. Your formal dental education has been better than that of your teachers; but we are only slightly envious for we hope and expect that you will do better than we have done, avoid some of our mistakes, and solve some of the problems that we have left unsolved. With all this discussion of courses of study and entrance requirements, we must now con- fess that this formal training which you have re- ceived is but a start in your career. We shall, however, be content if we have succeeded in imbuing you with an enthusiasm to go on. After graduation a prof essional man does not long re- main on the level at which he was graduated. He goes up or he goes down. For many of you, your formal education will probably end with graduation. Much of the progress you will make from then on will depend largely upon the asso- ciations you make with fellow dentists and upon the reading you do. You need to enter upon a course of self-education immediately after gradu- ation, a course that will keep you in touch with the accomplishments of others and which will stimulate you to greater efforts. We are anxi- ous to see you become active forces in the A- lumni Association, in the various dental societies, and social activities of your community. Do not allow your dental education to become static. Twenty-five years from now the formal part of dental training may differ widely from what it is today, but you have received a broad founda- tion and an appreciation of the responsibilities of the profession which should keep you alert and stimulate you to advance with your profession. Osier has said: See to it that you have also an avocation — some intellectual pastime which may serve to keep you in touch with the world of art, science or of letters. Begin at once the cultivation of some interest other than the purely professional. The difficulty is in a selection and the choice will be different according to your tastes and training. No matter what it is, have an outside hobby. Our concern over the proper orientation of dentistry and of ourselves within it, tends to alienate us from other intellectual pursuits. I know of no better way to begin the acquisition of a wider and freer general education than by the adoption of a hobby. Well planned alloca- tion of time for vocation and avocation allows for mental and physical equilibrium, so necessary for life ' s desirable perspective. The young pro- fessional man has it before him to create a suit- able environment for right living; his philosophy of life will be shaped according to the extent of his study of things and men about him, and the ability to put this knowledge to practical use. This essential phase of his education begins with the search for, and more intimate acquaintance with, some outside interest to which his native inclinations may lead him, his avocation. Every- one should feel the need of pleasurable occupa- tions in life besides the pursuit of wealth, of ACQUIRE A HOBBY! E. C. McBEATH, M.D., D.D.S., B.S. Professor of Dentistry some absorbing activity aside from means of livelihood. Again to quote from Osier: You are to be members of a polite as well as of a liberal profession and the more you see of life outside the narrow circle of your work, the better equipped you will be for the struggle. The enjoyment and happy relaxation de- rived from a gratifying diversion give added energy for further investigation and develop- ment. Aside from increased avocational effici- ency, adequate compensation lies in a lenient, generous and understanding attitude toward all men, and a more kindly devotion of the profes- sional man to his patients; his general ability, which they are able to evaluate, impresses them and makes them regard his learning and judg- ment with greater confidence. Doctor Johnson has said: The day has passed when we can be obscurely wise and coarsely kind. May I suggest to those who have not yet chosen a hobby that the art of conversation, now sadly neglected, is one of the most pleas- urable, exacting, refining and universal of all diversions? The comprehensive search for pre- paratory material may lead one to distant fields and to his own true avocation. You will be a better man and not a worse practitioner for an avocation. — Osier. ADOLPH BERSER, D. D. S. William Cam Professor of Oral Surgery In a recent issue of the Journal of the Amer- ican Dental Association an editorial appears bearing the caption, Dentistry Written Out. ' ' It relates the incident that years ago the editor of a dental journal resigned his position because he felt that dentistry could develop or achieve nothing more worthy of publication. No doubt, the statement was made with no derogatory in- tent but because of limitations of vision and un- derstanding. Such contemplations, nevertheless, force numerous thoughts upon our mental vision. As I am addressing these lines to a graduating class the first one is naturally, what a dismal and bar- ren future such a prospect would offer to men who are about to enter upon the study and prac- tice of dentistry. A problem in which the dead end has been reached and offers no further op- portunities for progress and achievement would be scarcely worthy of a life ' s devotion. Such an outlook would be certainly disheartening not only to the men who have creative aspirations, for it is not given to all of us to make notable or out- standing contributions, but even those passively inclined to live within and be a part and parcel of an activity which is not dead or dying, but still retains the seeds of growth, and in which the fountains of achievement have not been dis- sipated. Analysis of that utterance, nevertheless re- flects more than merely an individual state of mind. It seems to reveal the contemporary status of dental education and by and large the gen- eral attitude of the dental profession of the day. It is well known that during an important period of its development, dental education and dentol practice have been dominated by a very definite technical outlook. We are just about beginning to emerge and to emancipate ourselves from this retarding influence. If we were to conceive den- tistry as a purely technical vocation, such a view- point may find a degree of justification, for there are limitations to technical procedures and to technical perfection. I wish to remind you that since those days the functions of the dental profession have been vastly extended. In those days there was little scientific grasp of the problems. The study of the pathology of dental disorders had scarce- ly begun; there was no x-ray, no casting pro- cedures, etc., all of which not- only revolu- tionized the practice of dentistry but also brought about a more definite and finer social responsibil- ity and relationship. The biological problems inherent in the path- ological conditions and abnormalities which the dentist is called upon to diagnose and treat are being more carefully studied and better recog- nized. A very important part of dental educa- tion and dental practice is being not too speed- ily but gradually directed into these channels. Recent research findings, though inconclusive, definitely point to the fact that caries of the teeth is not a purely local problem, and that with fuller knowledge its prevention and treatment will essentially entail constitutional considera- tions. The different lesions grouped under the heading of periodontoclasia offer abundant and highly complex constitutional considerations of which the surface has scarcely been scratched as yet. Orthodontia has accomplished a great deal in the way of technical procedures but still offers a fertile field for more accurate study from the standpoint of heredity, pediatrics, endocrinology, dietetics, etc. Many pathological conditions which come under the grouping of oral surgery still require a careful study and a better under- standing from a biological standpoint. Briefly, dentistry has scarcely begun its larg- er and more important mission. This statement is not to be construed, however, that much has not been achieved especially when we consider the thwarted and meagre beginnings. We stand before those who have brought the profession to its present stage with a tribute of gratitude and humility. By all means, try to remember that DEN- TISTRY IS NOT WRITTEN OUT. We look to our younger graduates to take up the task of carry- ing the torch and holding it high. There is more than one way of helping and enhancing advance- ment. All can help by aspiring, by attempting, and doing when the opportunity presents. Above all, let us lend encouragement to those who have dedicated their lives to the advancement of the profession so that its members may be bigger in outlook, nobler in their attitude, richer in re- sources for service, and more useful in their activities. I hope that upon graduation you are carry- ing with you not only an exceptional preparation for the pursuit of your professional obligations but also a strong incentive to add to what is al- ready ours. Carry with you, also, my very best wishes for a useful and happy life. HISTOLOGY SAMUEL R. DETWILER Ph.B.. A.M., Ph.D., M.Sc. Professor of Anatomy PHILIP E. SMITH A. E. SEVERINGHAUS R. LE G. CARPENTER B.S., M.S., Ph.D. B.S., A.M., Ph.D. B.S., Ph.D. Professor of Anatomy Assf. Prof, of Anatomy Asst. Prof, of Anatomy ANATOMY WILLIAM M. ROGERS HARRY H. SHAPIRO ABRAHAM FIRESTONE B.S., Ph.D. D.M.D. A.B.. M.D. Asst. Prof, of Anatomy Instructor In Anatomy Instructor in Anatomy HENRY MILCH ELIAS L. STERN JULIUS K. LITTMAN A.B., M.D. B.S., M.D. M.D. Instructor in Anatomy Instructor In Anatomy Instructor in Anatomy NEUROANATOMY OLIVER S. STRONG ADOLPH ELWYN R. M. BRICKNER A.B., A.M., Ph.D. B.S., A.M. B.S., M.D. Prof, of Neurology and Assoc. Prof, of Neurology Instructor in Neurology Neurohistology L. VOSBURGH LYONS M.D. Instructor in Neurology PHYSIOLOGY H. B. WILLIAMS ALEITA H. SCOTT ERNEST L. SCOTT BARRY S. KING A.B., M.D., Sc.D. A.B., Ph.D. B.S.. M.S., Ph.D. A.B., A.M.. Ph.D. Dalton Professor Associate Professor Associate Professor Instructor in Physiology of Physiology of Physiology of Physiology LEO J. HAHN WALTER F. DUGGAN LOUIS B. DOTTI Ph.D., M.D. A.B., A.M., M.D. B.S., A.M. Instructor in Physiology Instructor in Physiology Instructor in Physiology BACTERIOLOGY FREDERICK P. GAY THEODOR ROSEBURY GENEVIEVE FOLEY A.B., M.D., Sc.D. D.D.S. A.B., A.M. Professor of Bacteriology Asst. Prof, of Bacteriology Assistant in Bacteriology PHARMACOLOGY CHARLES C. LIEB A.B., M.D. Hosack Professor of Pharmacology MELVILLE HUMBERT WALTER R. BEAVEN A.B., B.S., D.D.S. D.D.S. Instructor in Pharmacology Instructor in Pharmacology SOLON N. BLACKBERG D.V.M., B.S., Ph.D. Instructor in Pharmacology HISTORY and JURISPRUDENCE HENRY W. GILLETT, D.M.D. Professor of Dentistry PERIODONTIA -= ?i r sL HAROLD J. LEONARD WILLIAM B. DUNNING I5ADOR HIRSCHFELD HOUGHTON HOLLIDAY D.D.S., A.B. D.D.S. D.D.S. A.B., D.D.S. Professor of Dentistry Professor of Dentistry Associate Professor Professor of Dentistry of Dentistry ORAL PATHOLOGY LESTER R. CAHN HENRY A. BARTELS D.D.S. B.S., D.D.S. Associate Professor Assistant Professor of Dentistry of Dentistry PROFESSIONAL SUCCESS HENRY W. GILLETT, D.M.D. Professor of Dentistry All young professional men are deeply and rightfully concerned about their chances of suc- cess in the calling they have chosen and have prepared themselves to follow. It is axiomatic that quality of professional service and degree of professional success are intimately related. In the practice of the health service pro- fessions, there are two types of success that may beckon to the young graduate; i.e. mere finan- cial success, and true professional success. A single individual may demonstrate both kinds conspicuously, or he may exhibit either one ef- fectively, and register mere mediocrity or even failure in the other. This latter fate may easily befall the man who concentrates too closely on mere financial return as the yardstick for meas- uring his ideals of success. Over-acute interest in the financial reward for his services may ob- scure his vision as to the best interests of the patient, and lead him to consider his own inter- est paramount. Such a course is incompatible with true professional success. Unless bolstered by exceptional personality, such conduct is iikely to bar one from the attainment of real leader- ship and respect among one ' s confreres, and eventually balk his efforts to enlist real loyalty from his patients. True and lasting professional success must be based on a well established realization that the highest interests of the patient are always paramount — that when the interests of the pro- fessional man conflict, they must always be sub- ordinated to those of the patient. The patient comes to the practitioner for advice and se rvice in a field in which the latter is supposed to have knowledge and skill. The mere fact that he offers his services at all, implies a promise to exercise in good faith the best skill and judgment he is capable of displaying, in order to serve the high- est interests of those who consult him. This being well established in the minds of both parties to the implied contract, then tact, pleasing personality, good judgment, skillfully applied psychology, and evident concern for the patient ' s welfare, will help to plant firmly in the patient ' s mind the confidence essential to secure his full cooperation. Well grounded confidence in one ' s own mas- tery of the principles and technique of the field in which one offers professional service, is an invaluable aid in the presentation of a proposed program. To be able to do this in a manner ef- fective for planting in the patients ' minds that confidence upon which all satisfactory profes- sional relations are established, is a factor of great value in building a practice. To know, and to know that one knows is a priceless qualification for the young professional man. Doubt as to one ' s own knowledge betrays itself to the patient, while assurance of the cor- rectness of one ' s knowledqe lends confidence to the presentation of a proposed program. Con- fidence in the soundness of the advice presented, coupled with evident concern for the interests of the patient, go far to establish trust in the mind of the patient. Not to know, or not to be sure one knows must lead to a weak presentation of one ' s case, and to uncertain execution. Confused concept, bungled presentation, and fumbling execution plant apprehension and fear in the patient ' s mind. Professional success cannot be reared on such a foundation. Postgraduate study, intern- ships, and consultation with those of wider ex- perience are the obvious recourse for betterment in these features. A clear concept of one ' s professional re- sponsibilities — of what one ' s fellow practitioners and the responsible part of the public expect of the younger members of a profession — is of value in shaping the course to be followed. In my files I have a letter from the late Augustus S. Downing, former Assistant Commis- sioner of Education and Director of Professional Education in the State of New York, in which he states his definition of a profession as follows — The word ' profession ' assumes proficient attain- ments in special knowledge as distinguished from mere skill, and the practical application of such special knowledge in use for others as a vocation, distinct from its pursuit for one ' s own use or benefit. For dentistry it implies specialized knowl- edge and peculiar skill in the application of that knowledge, for the benefit of another. I also have a copy of the Vow of Service adopted by the national association of a sister profession. In it I have substituted dental pro- fession and dentists and present it here in order to permit the members of the Senior Class to decide, each for himself, whether it may serve as a guide in all his professional relations. When modified as indicated above, it reads as follows: Vow of Service We dedicate ourselves to the service of mankind as members of the Dental Profession. We consecrate our professional knowledge and skill to the advancement of human welfare, safety, and progress. As we benefit by the technical knowledge and public esteem won for the Profession by Den- tists who labored in the past, we shall ever strive to augment that heritage before passing it on to the Dentists who are to follow. We therefore affirm our guiding purpose: So to live and work as to justify the trust and confidence reposed in the Dental Profession. To carry out professional engagements with generous measure of performance, and with fidel- ity toward those whom we undertake to serve. To foster a spirit of courteous consideration and fraternal cooperation within the Profession. To extend encouragement and a helping hand to younger Dentists and to those in need. To place service before profit, the honor and standing of the Profession before personal advantage, and the Public Welfare above all other considerations. After 55 years of contact as student and practitioner with the problems of the dental pro- fession, I affirm my belief that a faithful adher- ence to the principles stated in Doctor Down- ing ' s definition, and in the above vow will result in a broader success, a happier maturity, and a more contented seniority than can be hoped for if they are not observed. I want to speak of another fact that can profoundly influence the future of every young practitioner who gives heed to it. To be fully occupied and steadily striving for a worthwhile and desirable objective, is the surest road to a contented life that has been discovered. One who constantly carries a sense of having more things to do than he can possibly accomplish, seldom has a discontented moment. The most unhappy man I have ever known was one who said and believed that everything worth while doing in this world had already been accomplished — that all the really worthwhile dis- coveries had been made and all methods of ex- ecution in important fields had been perfected. As I was casting about for a message wor- thy of these pages, I garnered from the writings of Lincoln Steffens the striking concept that no- thing is yet done finally and right — that nothing is yet known positively and completely. If this be only a partial truth, then the whole world is full of things to find out and to do, to do over and to do right. To further quote Steffens: — We have not now and never have had a good (perfect) government — there is not now and nev- er has been a perfectly run railroad, school, news- paper, bank, theater, factory, grocery store. No business has been built, managed, financed as it should be, must be, and will be someday. Again he says: — what is true of business and politics is gloriously true of the professions, the arts and crafts, and the sciences. In science probably 90 per cent of the knowledge has yet to be discovered. Chemistry and physics are little more than a sparkling mass of questions. Progress is rampant in every field. In our own profession you have learned how each dec- ade and even each year has brought forth some new achievement to enable us to deliver better service to humanity. As you have learned of past discoveries you have sensed their profound effects upon the practice and the service values of your profession. My meaning will be plain if you stop for a moment to consider coping with the problems of daily practice without cohesive gold foil, rubber dam, vulcanization, gold cast- ing, present day ceramics, modern denture re- tention, anaesthesia and the x-ray. You have seen desensitization of dentine developing under your own eyes. All your elders will tell you that our field is still full of unsolved problems awaiting solution. It is for the youth of today to find the solution of these problems. Oh you, of ' 37 Columbia Dental, g : rd your- selves and march on to scale the heights we, your elders, have but glimpsed in the distance. As you pass, be assured we stand at salute as you lead the way for those who will follow on after you to try for the peaks which you in turn will see lying on beyond you. ORAL HISTOLOGY ORAL ANATOMY MOSES DIAMOND D.D.S. Associate Professor of Dentistry M. RUSSEL STEIN D.D.S. Research Assistant JACOB ERBREICH D.M.D. Assistant in Dentistry CHARLES F. BODECKER D.D.S. Professor of Dentistry EDMUND APPLEBAUM D.D.S. Assistant Professor of Dentistry V WILLIAM LF.FKOWITZ D.D.S. Assistant in Dentistry MOTIVATION IN EDUCATION MOSES DIAMOND, D.D.S. Associate Professor of Dentistry As I look back upon my own schooling, I do not remember particularly being conscious of any criticism of the methods employed, with the exception of isolated experiences. I ap- parently had had a reasonable adjustment to the stereotyped procedure and was strangely alert to a self responsibility for doing my job. I did have an awareness, however, that the same thing could not be said about many of my school mates. It is exactly these differences in reaction to an environment with a particular set of con- ditions upon a group of personalities, which pre- sent the most difficult problem in education. The entire development of the movement of modern education, I believe, may be summed up in an attempt for a keener understanding of the personality as a whole, and the development of a system which may constantly be in a state of flux to cater to the personality with its wide range of variability. Just what the important landmarks in the rapid growth of education over a period of about one-quarter of a century have been and to what extent the realization of the objective has been attained, I will endeavor to show. The rigidly formalized and impersonal ap- proach of a quarter of a century ago, which unfortunately still exists in many sources of edu- cation as if no development had taken place, may be illustrated by a present-day experience. A mother disturbed by the reports of bad deportment of her child in the early grades of public school, finally sought an interview with the teacher. She sat through the hour. Two two-syllable words were spelled out of a group of about sixty children and repeated several times. One row of children were then called upon to stand and each child in turn was asked to spell the alternate word. This procedure was carried through the group. Two interesting things happened. The children of the first row, long since finished, with nothing to do, found themselves in all sorts of mischief. The children of the last rows, confused by the constant repeti- tion of the sounds of alternate words, began spelling his word using the first syllable of the one word and the second syllable of the second word. No additional comment need be made. Bergson in 1913, engaged in psychological experiments of similar character with similar re- sults. The personality in this instance as of a quarter of a century ago, was given no consid- eration. Soon after the World War, criticism of the formalized methods of education began to seep into our intellectual weeklies and one read a great deal in the Freeman, New Republic, and the Nation, against forced feeding in educa- tion. In 1916, I read Freud ' s Three Contribu- tions to the Theory of Sex, a monograph de- livered in the form of lectures at Clark Univer- sity in 1910, at the invitation of Stanley Hall. I mention these two sources of early influence at this time, as the beginning of my interest in education, to show particularly the opposite poles of approach from which my interests sprang. The one was pertinent criticism of the philosophy of educational procedure, the other a new approach to the evaluation of personality understanding. Following the war in 1919, in the anticipa- tion of becoming a parent and in the realization of the responsibility for the education of an off- spring, my organized interest in matters of edu- cation began. From that time on, as time would permit, my interest in education ran along paral- lel lines — the study of the philosophy and meth- ods of procedure of education and the patient, but fascinating pursuit of personality evaluation. The barra ge of criticism against forced feeding in education emanated from the writ- ings of John Dewey, whose philosophy partly in- fluenced by William James, placed the emphasis on the doing instead of the talking, thereby changing the entire philosophy of educational procedure. John Dewey may fittingly be called the father of modern education. Marietta Johnson, I believe, was the first in this country to attempt a practical application of the Dewey principles and started an experi- mental school in Alabama, which, although pretty much removed and isolated from any large cen- ter of activity, soon attracted considerable at- tention. Some years later she started a similar experiment in Greenwich, Connecticut, and dur- ing the summers, offered some courses and prac- tical demonstrations in the Greenwich School. Some few teachers and parents availed them- selves of the opportunity. The experiment at this stage was carried on with very young chil- dren. In 1914, Margaret Naumberg started a similar experiment which three years later be- came the Walden School. With the new approach of education orthodox psychology was founded wanting. Freud ' s contribution of the unconscious as- sumed a position of striking importance in the development of modern education. His presen- tation of the effects of an artificial social en- vironment and an involved emotional environ- ment in conflict with the natural instinctive reac- tions of the child, producing fixations through the workings of the unconscious with lasting ill effects, was a challenge which the early pioneers in modern education could not easily dismiss. The gradually increasing realization that the character formation period may be as early as the fourth to the sixth year of life, gave the child a new kind of important significance. Freud, too, must be credited with pointing to environ- ment, — essentially emotional environment, as be- ing responsibility for many personality and char- acter traits, previously attributable to heredity. The pioneers in modern education accepted this new psychologic evidence and for this rea- son were concerned with experimenting with chil- dren in the so-called pre-character formation period, as early as two years. It was a radically new kind of responsibility. It entailed the re- sponsibility of re-evaluation of the entire social structure on as honest a basis as possible for themselves as teachers, and for the parents of the child. The child became the most important mem- ber of society instead of, as in too frequent in- stances, the least important. Dewey ' s emphasis upon the doing coin- cided with the Freudian concept of the release of energy for constructive or creative purposes, instead of society ' s practice of suppressing such energy. Regimentation was completely forgotten. The three R ' s were forgotten. The imagination and fantasy of the child were, with subtle guid- ance, permitted free play and as the child ' s own interest developed, the factual material was gradually woven into their play. Parents and teachers in most instances co- operated and the results were most gratifying. As the child advanced in years, the experimental school grew with the child, new problems con- stantly arising. Psychologically as well as physiologically, the human may be divided into three stages — childhood, adolescence and adulthood, or matur- ity. While the problems in each one of these psychological levels are more or less distinct en- tities and require very special handling, yet each succeeding level is very closely dependent tor its growth and expansion upon the careful nurture of its former level; and it is part of the respon- sibility of education to properly wean the per- sonality between succeeding levels during the difficult transition periods. Just as the psychological problems in each level vary, so the educational approach should essentially vary to conform with the particular problems. A current popular slogan in adult education is motivation, direct or indirect. Direct motiva- tion essentially implies a stimulus or interest in learning through self-experimentation. Indirect motivation essentially implies a stimulus or inter- est in learning of such subject matter which per- mits of little or no experimentation, by regard- ing it as an instrument or tool necessary to use in self-experimentation of a closely related field. The child needs no motivation. The child is engaged in ceaseless experimentation; education need only direct and control it. Direct motiva- tion for the child is a natural process. Chores and responsibilities for the child are very light and the little need for indirect motivation is a problem easily controlled. For the adolescent, chores and responsibil- ities become more numerous. Grammar and vocabulary of languages must be acquired, established laws must be assimilated, routine and techniques must be developed. Psychologically, the essential problem of the adolescent is the exploration of new sensa- tion stimulated by the natural physiologic growth, resulting in strong tendencies for numerous dis- tractions and evasion of responsibilities. The natural motivation for constructive or creative endeavor, so strikingly exemplified in childhood, has a tendency to slip out of hand. Education, aware of these phenonema has a responsibility of keeping motivation alive. I should like to emphasize a distinction between sustaining the natural motivation of childhood and motivating the personality anew during adolescence. This may be only a question of nuance, but in my mind it is a fairly important principle to be observed. Natural motivation of childhood should be fostered and sustained dur- ing adolescence. Education, I believe, is most severely taxed during this psychologic period. It is a question of fairly intensive nursing with a firm hand. The problem of so-called indirect motivation is a problem largely concerning the adolescent. This process may tend to keep the personality dependent, but it should be gradually transferred as part of the inner values of the personality. This is a preparation for the weaning process in the transition period, between adolescence and maturity. Education can be, and should be, organically related to life as a whole. This can- not fail to sustain motivation in the larger sense. The attempt to motivate the personality in re- lation to some particular subject matter, ennu- cleated from its relation to life as a whole ceases to have the same value. The personality arriving at maturity, should begin to find a definite place for himself in so- ciety. A definite direction of purpose should be manifest. He should have a fairly strong sense of the values of social life and should be fully prepared with a sense of responsibility to accept his chores as part of the reality of life. The modern keynote of adult education is to place the emphasis for the responsibility of the education upon the personality. This implies the kind of background of psychologic growth inter- woven with the kind of educational procedure generally outlined. The mature personality should be in himself sufficiently well motivated, both directly and indirectly. The period of nurs- ing should be over. If education has anything to add as a basic principle to the mature personality, it is essen- tially in the direction of developing a more acute attitude of self criticism. To place the emphasis for the responsibility of the education upon the personality is, therefore, only possible if the per- sonality were so evolved. This, however, is far from the fact. Too large a percentage of the personalities in the mature groups of university and professional edu- cation seem to be arrested on an . adolescent level, and some are even infantile in their reac- tions. This statement is made regretfully, but not lightly. It is based upon an experience of some seventeen years with personalities of the adult age group. The personalities are found very much emo- tionally involved, in constant conflict with their environment, full of indecisions, greatly depend- ent, and with little or no self direction. In many instances, it becomes a question once more, of fairly intensive nursing which becomes a process of re-evaluation of psychologic and social values. The adult group as a whole, still leans upon artificial stimuli of regimentation. I have tried the experiment of doing away with the an- nounced written examination, but it is very easy to catch them off guard. They appeal to me as groups to announce written examinations period- ically, because of their dependence upon that kind of artificial stimulus to make them study. A written examination is a still veritable spectre for the body largely because of their own inse- curity, but they none-the-less prefer not to do without it. Only then, when they will lose their dependence upon the written examination will they also lose their phobias in regard to them. All this again shifts the emphasis for the responsibility of the education of the student in the adult group back upon the educator. The adult personality has to be remotivated, or mo- tivated anew. It is not the intent to present a note of futility, for despite the handicaps, real progress is, none the less, made. In the meantime, the experimental school has been growing in number as well as in range of activity. Some of them are now organized to assume the responsibility of education through the best part of the adoles- cent period as far as the academic school, ihe modern approach has even made inroads upon some academic and professional schools. The general philosophical approach of modern educa- tion is proven. A great deal of experimentation and meth- ods of procedure, particularly for the adolescent groups will still have to be carried on before education can function organically. It is difficult to totally discard some measure of formalized procedures. This is perhaps entirely justifiable, if personality variability is given cognizance. I + becomes less easy to accept a specific yardstick of measurement as a standard without allowing for a variable factor. Intelligence tests there- fore, must have their limitations. The time factor of perception or receptivity cannot loom up too greatly in importance without considering other relations. But amazing progress has been made; and there is strong indication for the future that the personality arriving in the adult group of educa- tion will be sufficiently motivated. A number of imponderable factors will, however, first have to be resolved. PROFESSIONAL COMMERCIALISM HAROLD LEONARD, D.D.S., A.B. Professor of Dentistry An incident was recently told to me by one of our graduates of five years ago, an experi- ence of the first year he was in practice. As a means of getting started he joined an established practitioner who proved to be a rank commer- cialist. He said that one day when the older practitioner was ill, a patient who was under treatment for pyorrhea, was referred to him for treatment. He had no instruction as to the treatment the patient was receiving so he went ahead as he had been taught in school. He found a moderate degree of gin- givitis due to a ring of subgingival calculus about the teeth. He removed the calculus and instructed the patient in home care in the one treatment. When the patient returned there was no longer any gingivitis nor need of further treatment, as the case had cleared up complete- ly. The older dentist was furious and upbraided his assistant for destroying all of the commer- cial possibilities. He had been treating the pa- tient over a series of weeks by taking one tooth at a time, doing a little superficial scaling with heavy scalers, and then soaking the subgingival crevice for ten minutes with pledgets of cotton saturated with neo-salversan. For the complete treatment of this pyorrhea case he had esti- mated the cost at three hundred dollars. His assistant had spoiled all this by his simple pro- cedure in an hour treatment. The assistant was emphatically told, that he could never make mon- ey practicing dentistry that way. This type of cheating patients has been common in New York for many years by many dentists. How a practice can be maintained by such a means over a period of years is a mys- tery to one who slowly builds up a practice based on conscientious service. It is apparently done by developing an ingratiating and impressive manner with patients and is sometimes very suc- cessful financially. This dentist ' s books showed an income of $20,000 for the year 1730. It is this type of unethical practice which is difficult to prove since the dentist can always say that the type of treatment he was using was, in his Judg- ment, the best for the case. To the recent graduate the bragging of old- er graduates about the fees they have charged and the income they have made and the state- ments of older dentists that if young graduates want to make money they must discard the im- practical idealism taught in school, are very im- pressive. They do not realize that dishonesty in dentistry is absolutely inimical to the interests of dentistry. The unethical practices of commer- cially minded dentists directly injure the repute of dentistry and neutralize the efforts of the pro- fession to educate the public to seek needed dental service. Sensible folk refuse to be swin- dled more than once in the same way. They are likely to be skeptical of dentists and dental ser- vices thereafter. Not knowing where to turn for honest service they neglect their mouths and are lost as patients. Were the people of New York City prop- erly educated in dental care and had they con- fidence in the dentists of the city, the services required would profitably fill the time of two to four times as many dentists as are now licensed in the city to practice. Instead of crying for government dentistry because private practice is unremunerative, dentists would all be prosper- ing. The demand would exceed the supply. There is an insufficiency of demand because people are afraid of the dentist. They and their acquaintances have had such unfortunate ex- periences with the money makers in the profes- sion who have exacted large fees for what has proved of no permanent value that they have let their teeth go. The result is that New York is one of the least prosperous cities of the United States from a dental standpoint in spite of the large incomes of a few dentists. Dentists must realize that they are directly injured by the unethical acts of any dentist. They suffer by these acts fully as much as the public. Furthermore, they must realize that the practice of dentistry solelv for the sake of mak- ing money is bound to lead to dishonesty be- cause the interests of the patient are certain to be subordinated in such a practice. The ideal of giving the best possible service to patients is not an impractical one. It is the only one that will lead to the general prosperity of dentistry. Dentists having this ideal must be quick to chal- lenge commercialism in the profession wherever they find it. The more quickly and completely the idea of making money as the primary aim in dentistry can be eliminated from dentistry in New York City, the better will it be for the pro- fession in the city. MRS. M. G. McKENZIE MRS. A. L. FITZ GERALD Assistant to the Dean Secretary to Dean SAUL COHEN B.S.. D.D.S. Dental Intern Presbyterian Hospital wm GEORGE ODLUM B.S., D.D.S. Dental Intern Presbyterian Hospital MARY FINNERAN DOREEN OLEARY ■ MURIEL MULHOUSE HELEN TSOURAS NINA WALKE ARTHUR N. CROSS JOHN C. FREEMAN Technician Technician ROBERT WRONG Technician MADELINE E. DIGNUS MRS. E. RICHARDSON Assistant to Registrar in Charge of Social Service ANNA AARONSON JEAN BERMONT HEODORA SHARROCKS MRS. F. MOORE CATHERINE SCHULTZ MRS. V. NADON MRS. EMMA TIMM ELSIE R. BOYD. R.N. Anesthetist MRS. ROSE P. AMY M. F. LYNCH. R.N. MRS. L. S. SEELIGMAN All of us, before entering dental school, have had some superficial contact with research done in various fields. Many popular articles and books have impressed us with the difficulties and disappointments that lie before inventors and research workers. We ' ve puttered around in labs doing so-called experiments, and ended up by disregarding any result which did not co- incide with the expected one. Yet most things seemed so evident that the very need for further investigation was obviated. It was not until we saw the confusion of thought surrounding our chosen field that we began to realize the com- plexity of what lay before us. Once we start to investigate the dental research which has been accomplished, as well as the work now being done, we find that new lanes beckon. Many of these, it is true, will turn out to be blind alleys. Others will turn and twist, but final- ly lead to a conclusion, which, once stated and proven, will in turn seem so obvious that future students will accept it as unthinkingly, as per- haps, we have accepted similar discoveries. There is here presented a partial survey of work recently done by members of our own fac- ulty, much of which is still in progress. We can look with pride upon these researches as being representative problems that are being faced and overcome by the dental profession of today. Dr. Hellman has been studying the facial types of young adult groups as represented in the undergraduate dental students and dental hygienists. The study included special attention to the eruption, presence, and absence of the third molar at various ages. However, as with many of our faculty, Dr. Hellman ' s influence ex- tends beyond a necessarily narrow circle. Through his efforts the leading paleontologists of our times have become so intensely interested in the orthodontic problem, that they have devoted in- valuable effort and time toward the study of den- tition, particularly from the standpoint of mal- occlusion; a study that has been of inestimable value not only to orthodontics, but to dentistry as a whole. As a result of the outstanding work of Dr. Hartman, dentists all over the world are now using the desensitizing solution for the elimina- tion of pain. In addition to this, however, he has developed instruments which have received great acclaim and are now indispensable to dental practice. MODERN TRENDS IN Dr. Silvers and Dr. Beube have been study- ing the problems of bone regeneration with spec- ial interest in the use of heterogeneous bone implants. This work is of great interest in the field of periodontia as well as surgery, and is leading to significant results. The Columbia University Dental Caries Re- search Group, under the chairmanship of Dr. Bodecker was composed of representatives from various fields; biochemistry, Dr. Karshan; Bacter- iology, Dr. Rosebury; Histology, Drs. Bodecker and Applebaum; Pathology, Dr. Cahn; human nutritional, Dr. McBeath. This group presented evidence that dentaf caries is related to some disturbance of the calcium-phosphorus metabol- ism. This corroborates the findings of May Mel- lanby. Much further data has been collected by this group; these are in the process of analysis and will be fitted into the general problem of dental caries. The health of the teeth seems to be depend- dent upon proper mineral balance of the body as a whole, and upon other systemic factors. These factors exert predisposing influences on the welfare of the teeth, indicating that oral hygiene is not the sole caries factor. Individual teeth vary in their resistance to disease. This was shown in a tabulation of clinical patients, adding further evidence that environmental factors, (food retention, bacteria, changes in salivary con- tent, etc.) are not the sole causes of dental car- ies. Drs. Bodecker, Hollander, and Applebaum have demonstrated by means of Grenz rays, (soft x-rays) variations in the calcification of den- tin and enamel, the purpose being to determine the presence of channels in the enamel, since such channels might be active in protecting the teeth against decay. An important finding by Dr. Bodecker was the determination of the pres- ence of a fluid in the teeth named by him den- tal lymph. Under the direction of Dr. Bodecker, powdered dyes were sealed in the teeth of mon- keys and dogs by Dr. Applebaum and Dr. Lef- kowitz. These dyes diffused through the crowns reaching the surface of the teeth, again .con- firming the presence of dental lymph. It is probable that it is upon this lymphatic circulation, that the action of Hartman ' s de- sensitizer functions. Dr. Applebaum has also done outstanding work in the problem of mottled enamel, and with Dr. Bodecker has evolved a new concept of the epithelial attachment to the enamel. DENTAL RESEARCH Dr. McBeath has been directing nutritional studies in orphanages in an attempt to protect children from caries by a proper diet. His work shows that there is a definite nutritional control of dental caries. Dr. Waugh has the assistance of the U. S. Public Health Service, and of the Office of Indian Affairs, Department of the Interior, in his work on the nutrition, health and teeth of the American Eskimo in the Kuskokwim- Hopper Bay Tuntra district of Alaska. The base laboratory at Bethel, Alaska, is equipped for thorough-going nutritional, chemical, and bacter- iological studies. Dr. Pyle of the office of Indian Affairs, and Dr. Rosebury are aiding him in this study of the excellent dentition of the most nearly primitive Eskimo in America. Dr. Rosebury has also been studying the caries of rat ' s dentition as influenced by the reg- ulation of dietary and environmental factors. Dr. Karshan has cooperated considerably with Dr. Rosebury and in addition has done much work on chemical variations of saliva under different con- ditions. Dr. Leonard has been doing research work on Vincent ' s infection, and is continuing studies on the pathological effects of abnormalities in occlusion, as well as the study of the relationship of severe mouth and dental disease to clinical pathological findings. An intensive study of dental materials has been undertaken by Dr. Crawford in an effort to establish standards of comparative value as weil as technic. The improved alloys used in the clinic are a direct outcome of these researches. We, moreover, now have a casting technique which gives a consistency of casting excellence, hither- to attributable only to some hap or mishap of fortune. Dr. Crawford has also been instrumental in the development and production of movies as a visual method of dental pedagogy. In conjunction with the Department of Oto- laryngology, the prosthetics department has been studying problems of bite raising in an effort to control the gradual loss of hearing due to trauma to the middle ear from excessive bite closure. The Dental Anatomy Department has re- ceived the cooperation of the Department of Obstetrics, through Dr. Coler, in their study of the embryology of the human dentition. This work is an outgrowth of the work done by the late Dr. Rowe and Dr. Cahn in the embryology of the white rat. In addition to this, Dr. Cahn is study- ing soft tissue lesions in the rat, in order to obtain a closer insight into the histo-pathology of these lesions. Dr. Bartels has done much work in the investigation of various fungi of the mouth and their role in tissue lesions, especially that of rub- ber sore mouth. The work of Dr. Ziskin, in the field of hor- monal gingivitis, has been of great interest from the experimental as well as the clinical approach. This work has been carried on in cooperation with Dr. Kurzrok ' s hormone clinic. Dr. Ziskin has also done work in the field of pulp diagnosis by elec- trical methods. This work included material ob- tained in cooperation with the physiology depart- ment in the electro-physiology of pulpal nerves. Drs. Buchbinder and Miller of the operative department have been studying problems of root canal therapy, and are obtaining statistical data as to methods and their effectiveness. This in- cludes a thorough case study and periodic radio- graphic follow-ups. The work done by Dr. Rosenstein in the con- servation of children ' s teeth by various types of cavity sterilization and pulp capping, has been of great value because of the careful case study and continued repeated examinations of these treated teeth. All this is only a slight indication of the work being pursued by some of the faculty. The record is by no means complete either as regards the men actively at work on phases of dental re- search, or as regards the plans and achievements of each man. The striking point is that research workers no longer work alone. Specialists in sev- eral fields unite to attack a problem from vari- ous angles and strive toward a co-operative ef- fort in its solution. It is, therefore, a step forward in dental ed- ucation, not only to have the student know of the research problems being carried on about him, but to actually require him to delve more deeply into a subject of his own choice. For this reason, among others, it has been decided by the faculty, that beginning with the class of 1938, each senior student shall hand in a thesis on a topic which interests him. The experience will be invaluable as a basis for the understanding of the scientific approach to a problem, and should leave the stu- dent with a higher regard for the future of his chosen profession. J.G.O. Officers 1936-37 President ....Dr. L. M. Waugh Vice-President Dr. E. C. McBeath Sec ' y-Treas Irvin L. Hunt, Jr. Omicron Kappa Upsilon is a national honor- ary dental fraternity, organized in 1914 by the faculty of Northwestern University Dental School. The purpose of the fraternity is the advancement of dental science and art. To this end it en- courages a spirit of emulation among students and graduates in dentistry by recognizing, through election to membership in the fraternity, those who distinguish themselves by high schol- arship or professional attainment. The charter of Epsilon Epsilon chapter was granted by the Supreme Chapter under date of March 19, 1934, and bears the names of the fol- lowing: Charter Members Dr. Leroy L. Hartman Dr. Anna V. Hughes Dr. Milo Hellman Dr. H. S. Dunning Dr. Leuman M. Waugh Dr. W. B. Dunning Dr. Arthur T. Rowe Dr. H. W. Gillett Dr. Harold J. Leonard Dr. Charles F. Bodecker Dr. Adolph Berger The chapter was formally organized on May 16, 1934 with the election of Dr. William B. Dunning as first president. Each year, following the final examinations, the chapter selects from among the graduating OMICRON KAPPA UPSILON Epsilon Epsilon Chapter class a group whose scholastic record and other qualifications mark them as outstanding students during their four years in dental school. These seniors are inducted to membership at the annual convocation, held just prior to commencement. At the last annual convocation, the chapter chose to honor the following members of the class of 1936: Hyman Brodows Abner L. Sheppard Morris Eckhaus 3nne S. Herbert Thomas J. Riley, Jr. As a furtherance of the purpose of the fra- ternity, to encourage professional achievement after graduation, the chapter from time to time honors, by election to membership, alumni of Columbia University who distinguish themselves in the profession. In this way the fraternity would encourage the young graduate to realize that graduation is the beginning of a new field of en- deavor, where the application of principles learned in school, tempered by maturity and ex- perience, will advance the cause of dental con- servation, and bring honor to the profession and to the practitioner. The chapter will honor a group from the Class ot 1937. Who they will be, can not be known as this book goes to press, since eligibility comes after the final examinations. To those of the class who may not be among the few chosen at graduation, the fraternity looks forward to the time when she may honor more of the class of 1937, who shall distinguish themselves in prac- tice, teaching, organization and research. NECROLOGY WILLIAM D. TRACY On Thursday, February I I, 1937, Dr. W. D. Tracy, former director of dental service at Presbyterian Hospital, died at his home. He was 63 years old. Born in Ridgewood, N. J., Dr. Tracy received the D.D.S. degree in 1896 from the Uni- versity of Pennsylvania Dental School. From 1905 to 1915 he was director of the dental clinic at the New York Nose, Throat, and Lung Hospital. He was at one time secretary and later presi- dent of the First District Dental Society, director of Operative Dentistry at Vanderbilt Clinic from 1914 to 1917, director of dental service of the Presbyterian Hospital from 1921 to 1932, Chair- man of the Community Dental Committee of the New York Tuberculosis and Health Association from 1926 to 1933, and Professor of Dentistry at the Columbia University Dental School from 1929 to 1932. Dr. Tracy had been a trustee of the University of Pennsylvania since 1932, a director of the Tuberculosis and Health Association since 1926, on the Dental Advisory Committee of the City Board of Health for more than ten years, and on the dental committee of the Association for Improving the Condition of the Poor. Dr. Tracy was active in organizing the Columbia School of Oral Hygiene as well as the Columbia University Dental School, which in 1923 became the Columbia University School of Dental and Oral Surgery. In 1931 he founded a dental clinic for the Seaman ' s Church Institute and served on many committees for the national, state, and local dental societies. Holder of the Newell Sill Jenkins medal, from the Connecticut State Dental Association in 1929, Dr. Tracy had been voted the William Jarvie gold medal for conspicuous service in den- tistry. This medal was to have been presented next spring by the New York State Dental Society. As an outstanding leader in dental progress and dental practice, Dr. Tracy was a potent force in national and international dental activities. His death has brought grief and sorrow to all those who knew him in the many circles in which he gave his aid and council. He is survived by his wife and three sons. EMERIC ANGELUS It is indeed a sad duty to record the pass- ing of our beloved teacher and friend, Dr. E. Angelus, on January 27, 1937. Dr. Angelus was born at Szged, Hungary in 1900. It was in Hungary that he acquired his preliminary education. From 1925 to 1927 he attended Washington Square College of New York University. Dr. Angelus attended the New York Uni- versity Dental School for two years. He then transferred to the School of Dental and Oral Surgery of Columbia University, from which in- stitution he received the D.D.S. degree in 1931. From the fall of 1931 until the time of his death, Dr. Angelus was associated with the Op- erative Department of the School of Dental and Oral Surgery, Columbia University. We extend our most heartfelt sympathy to Mrs. Angelus and her daughter. MORRIS A. ZIMMER It is our sad duty to record the great loss to the School of Dental and Oral Surgery caused by the death of Dr. Morris A. Zimmer on Thurs- day, January 14, 1937. Dr. Zimmer received the Degree of D.D.S. from N.Y.U. Dental School in 1918. He was as- sociated with the College of Dental and Oral Surgery for several years before he received his appointment at the School of Dental and Oral Surgery, Columbia University, in 1928. Dr. Zimmer practiced dentistry in Newark, New Jersey and was active in the state society. He was a prolific writer on Exodontia and Oral Surgery. We extend to Mrs. Zimmer and her child- ren our respectful and heartfelt sympathy in her great loss. President EDWARD V. ZESARELLI Vice-President JOSEPH N. KERRIGAN Secretary SOL J. EWEN Treasurer JOHN BERGMAN THE SENIOR CLASS OF As the portals of this great institution are slowly closing behind us, the senior class finds itself in the midst of its busiest school days. Much of our time is taken up with our work in the infirmary, where we are endeavoring to fulfill the requirements of the various departments, and preparing ourselves for the rapidly approaching final exams and State Boards. Soon the war cry Foils! Foils and more Foils will burst forth. Students will be heard pleading to their patients, But, madam, I give you my word, the gold won ' t show in the front. Then the student days will be over for us, who just four years ago came to Columbia as mere boys. We are now ending an essential part of the preparation fo. our life ' s work, turning to an entirely new world; a place where the classrooms and clinics are left behind. However, in search of new experiences and new responsi- WILBUR J. PREZZANO GEORGE HILLMAN ARTHUR H. WALD DONALD B. WAUGH NINETEEN HUNDRED THIRTY-SEVEN bilities, we will go forth with an open mind, having the spirit of progress, investigation and research alv ays with us. The class of 1937 wishes to take this opportunity to express its appreciation to those members of the faculty whose untiring efforts have made our way more easy during the past four years of study. Though the going was rough at times, through their understanding, patience and fairness, we were inspired to carry on. May we, who are about to be graduated, always be mindful of these men, and perform our duties and fulfill our obligations as well as they have. Let us face the worries and hard- ships of beginning our own practices with these words always uppermost in our minds: Dentistry is a thing worth while, and anything worth while is more than worth strug- gling for. S. H. S. OF Four years have flown, — time speeding by with the rapidity of light; and as we look back, the images merge into a whirling kaleidoscopic maelstrom. Yet distinct pictures do stand out as landmarks in our turbulent journey — reactions and incidents which will never be forgotten. That first day at registration — that AA r AA |J O r ' os ' a 9 one feeling as we signed away our four years, — the ' ™ ' IX I vastness of endless halls — strange faces — strange smells — new personalities — lost. The rather timid approach to the anat- omy lab — fearful, yet questioning and expectant — and life has taken a new aspect. The new environment elicits new ideas, new reactions, and a changed perspective. Personalities evolve from the group, and these entities take their place in our lives. The first assignment — that F shaped bone — and that first recita- tion when Dr. Firestone showed us how it should be learned. Grind, Grind — Gray ' s — Grand old Gallaudet — Cunningham — Bailey — sleep — more Gray ' s — ligamentum machae — that practicum — crowded days — crowded labs — crowded minds. A new language being learned — a new personality being built. We reach the head and neck and the work doubles and the test tube bubbles — and Ca P has a ratio — and Dr. Milch sounds the trumpet of death through the cavernous sinus — and Bein starts to reduce — and Freeman smokes his cigar- — and frats go a-rushing — and Ewen found a mistake in Gray — and Dolce found a mistake in Ewen, and life just rolled on. On to cats, and tremulous scalpels and evasive carotids. The anesthetist worrying the surgeon, the assistant worrying the anesthetist and the scribe worrying everyone. Mrs. Scott ' s appeal — the rally to cooperate. Sugar is absorbed, kidneys have thresholds, par- asympathetic constructs — and the heart just went and fibrillated. And we learn that we have brain and this brain can be sectioned and can even be examined under a microscope. More time for phil- osophy and dialectics — even a nap or two — and Dr. Elwyn has a sense of humor. Then came the weas- el regime waving aloft their art bases — and art t :kes on a new significance — the cubist school holds sway. Man is endowed with two sets of teeth — one of which must be carved and the others sec- tioned. Finals arrive — life rolls on and we roll home. Came the second year — and tissues are no longer normal — those same histological sections wear a new guise — a subtle evasive garb. Lectures in pitch black rooms — writing notes by the touch system. Eisenberg finds that questions may be asked and the tables turned on the instructor. Sandler runs — and Handler laughs — and Solomon worries — and we meet Traunstein — and Gram is a stain instead of a weight. Dr. Rosebury proves that a statem ent may be true and yet not signifi- cant — while Dr. Leonard shows how no ten workers will agree on any statement in dental research being either true or significant. F.E.R.A. arrives and mere students become research workers and Mrs. McKenzie becomes Santa Claus. We learn to control a bouncing chattering bur and learn to respect line and point angles. Technics develop and we find that dentistry means more than micro- scopes and books. We learn that elastic limits and tensile strength apply to clasp wire as well as to the George Washington Bridge. Social life doesn ' t fail and the boys go to town to a smoker as well as a dinner dance. Beer flows up as well as down — and may even hit a ceiling. The class goes in for art, music, and literature in the guise of rings, pendants, locker room crooners, and a radiology book. We meet Mr. Cross when we proudly stalk down to floor G to vulcanize that case — he roars and bellows and as fire emerges from his mouth we slink in a corner and become very, very small until we realize that this fire is just the warmth of affection: and his counsel, enthusiasm, and assistance turns many a gloomy day bright with understanding and advice. Prescriptions are written and the Latin students gloat — I told you that Fordham training would come in handy — Spelman knows the genitive. We meet gold foil and hear rumors about Class III — I wonder what it is all about? The seniors just say, wait and see. We arrive on Floor G and wear clean jackets and can ' t throw plaster around the room. A full year of new experiences, new ideas and a new type of work — unforgettable year — a transi- tion period from theory to practice — a transition from the non- vital to the vital — the culmination of the work and ambitions of years — can we possibly forget it? [j I K] f L O That first plaster impression on our best friend — for only ' • ' ' ' V «J our best friend would stand for it. Our first operative patient — that whirling bur — that con- _ « _ . fusing mirror — those sharp explorers — that leaky dam — the r O I surprise at not making an exposure — that pulp must be close by! Our first full upper and lower won ' t articulate — try it cross bite — or maybe that lingual cusp wants to come up a mite — but doctor my teeth were small and pearly white, just like my mother ' s. We meet Mrs. Seeligman and Mrs. Amy and they bear the brunt of our tales of woe — they soothe and console, and scold and forgive. The skepticism the first time we applied the desensitizer — and the thrill we got when it worked — and continued to work — the patient ' s enthusiasm — and our own — the pride we felt when outsiders asked if we really know Dr. Hartman. We find that caries may be found with methods other than histological sections, and that our theoretical background has a very practical basis. Armed with mirror and explorer to the martial tune of What seems to be your trouble? we become diagnosticians. Moulages, x-rays, pulp tests, and that big gray picture book take their place in our lives; and lectures are enlivened with a dash of color. Formal lectures are superseded by informal discussions, and correlation becomes our goal. — Brains were meant to be used as well as to be studied in cross-section. The unforgettable shock we received that December afternoon when two of the men closest to us and our work, were so cruelly and suddenly snatched away. The dumb agony that tore our souls — and the vow in each heart that the ideals of Dr. Rowe and Dr. Wiberg must not die. yr We enter our Senior year to find ourselves making that final spurt. Hard work, tiring, wearing, but enjoyable in all of its details. We see many changes and readily adapt ourselves to new and im- proved methods of procedure. We discover Dr. Oman and competition for his approval becomes keen, as we begin to appreciate his standards and what he means by living dentistry. Our speed increases and we become increasingly critical as we begin to realize how it should be done — Mrs. Nadon shares our woes, while sympathizing with a fussy patient and consoling a frantic student with the same understanding and tactful manner. Grind, grind, grind — but now it is with a No. I I stone instead of a book. That midnite foil before that post-midnite lecture — and as they fold their kits like Arabs, they silently steal ah-a-way — where tales are told of great deeds on far off F floor — and as Morpheus spreads his cloak over the amphitheatre, dreams soar to memories of those nine days — and ten teeth. We wander back to Floor H, but now it is to the tune of cajoling voices, whispering, plead- ing, imploring, and coaxing that younger generation to open their very damp mouths. We repent for all those harsh words that we aimed at the rubber dam. We ' ll remember Miss Sharrocks, and how our suspicious skepticism became admiring apprecia- tion as she won a place in our hearts. — The class again turns out for a gala affair, with the enthusiastic support of the faculty. — We really get acquainted with Harriet and Ted and realize that we missed their company for three years. The years have flown and they have left their indelible mark on our lives — new facts — new ideas — a new approach — a new mode of thought. We have met men whose standards are high — who are fine technicians, teachers, and outstanding research workers — our contact with them has left its impression — they have nurtured us through a period of development — it is our task to ma- ture with these same ideals, as we leave to embark on our professional careers. A.H.W. Qokn Kb. {Bergman From high above Cayuga ' s waters came the Lord of Bergmanshire. A good fraternity man of S.E.D., John was Secretary of the Inter-frater- nity Council. His sense of humor was lost, alas, in the senior year when he was elected to collect class dues. His diligent application and pleasing personality have been instrumental in gaining his high standing. I lathaniel J v. JJ erne A B.S. hill-billy from the University of Louisville, his literary ability is evidenced by the fact that he was on the staff of the Dental Columbian in the sophomore year, the Dental Review in the third year, and in the fourth year was As- sistant Editor of the latter. His dignity is offset by a subtly light humor Saul Uj ten Saul brought with him, from N.Y.U., an A.B. de- gree, a scientific training, and an ingenious mind. His revised methods of procedure and his in- comparable speed have attained for him a unique position in the class. He is the mainstay of the undergraduate body of P.D.S. Jxatph [o. ' Jjush From the wilds of Mount Vernon came Rah! Rah! Ralph. Boasting of an A.B. from Columbia, he is a staunch supporter of his Alma Mater. A real King ' s College gentleman known for his jolly and sometimes boisterous laugh, he is a member of Psi Omega Fraternity. llttlton ' jOavidoff The Brooklyn address might mislead one, but he is really a native of the Bronx. He is a proud possessor of a B.S. degree from N.Y.U. Undoubt- edly one of the best humorists in the class, his never-say-die attitude should assure him of futu re success. 1 1 itchael Jo. JUi JLi eo Mike hails from Glen Cove via St. Johns, and has spent a diversified four years at Dental y« School. He is a member of Jarvie Society and Psi Omega, and serves on the staff of the Den- tal Columbian as assistant Editor. His after- school-hours were spent as a member of the quartet. (John y. Ujolce The Dolce, from the Latin word Dux, came down with a B.S. from Fordham and immediately undertook to apply his thorough philosophical training. His untiring labor made him the man behind the gun of our very successful class func- tions. Interested in malocclusion, he will pursue the study of Orthodontics. 1 1 ttlton U . (bllis Arriving in New York with a B.S. from the Unr versify of Arkansas, Milt gave up his spurs and leather saddles for burs and vulcanite saddles. He is a member of Alpha Omega. A hard worker in class, his restorative work acts as an outlet for his artistic ability. (David fblterman Dave received a B.S. from C.C.N.Y. He is one of the mainstays of that contingent from far-off Brooklyn. Election to Jarvie in his senior year was the reward which crowned his untiring efforts. He is an assistant Advertising Manager of the Den- tal Columbian. ibdward CL (bpstein A native of the Bronx, Ed ' s sheepskin from C.C. N.Y. reads B.S. His unnoticed manner of work- ing seems to bring about good results as evi- denced by his membership in Jarvie Society dur- ing his Junior and Senior years. Sol ( . (bwen Sol ' s well diversified background was obtained at Brooklyn College where he earned his B.S. His switch from the arts to the sciences was entirely successful as demonstrated by his outstanding record. He was a member of Jarvie Society dur- ing his Junior and Senior years, and as a senior was elected to that free-for-all office of class secretary. curving (y erne bo k Irv came to Dental School with a B.S. from Co- lumbia, a fine personality and a winning manner hich won for him a host of friends. His out- standing work has earned the admiration of his colleagues. He is a member of Alpha Omega and in his Senior year was elected to membership in Jarvie Society. C eorge lo. of men George came up from the University of Virginia with a B.S., and was elected Secretary-Treasurer of the First Year Class. He was elected to Jarvie in his fourth year. As a member of Psi Omega, he was President of the Inter-fraternity Council. Jerseyites can look forward to having a very versatile operator in their midst. Crienri vU. Clink Henry entered Dental School with a B.S. from N.Y.U. He was elected a member of the Student Council in the first year, and later became a member of Alpha Omega. In his third year, he was on the editorial staff of the Dental Colur bic SJ-. LKooert i oldberg Goldie entered Dental School with a B.S. degree from N.Y.U. He possesses a keen sense of hum- or and never worries worry unless worry worries him. Despite the fact that he has a chauffeur who always gets him in late, Goldie is an ex- cellent worker Ctlexander c . L orskt Al is the fellow who does things while others talk about them and, as one of the best operators, has received the Rowe-Wiberg award. Holding a B.S. from Manhattan, he is a member of Jar- ie, Assistant Editor of the Dental Colur bian, and a member of Psi Omega. A mem- ber of the renowned quartet, Al promises to be one of the finest practitioners in New York. rJLi aurence Ksreene An alumnus of Alfred University, Larry entered Dental School with a B.S. degree, and soon be- came a member of S.E.D. Fraternity. Among his accomplishments is the fine manner with which he is able to handle the most difficult patients. CI. Ciuan uiandier Al ' s pre-dental days were spent at N.Y.U. where he obtained a B.S. degree. A frequent visitor to the library, he has become the librarian ' s pet. His hearty laugh can be heard at almost any lecture. cJheodore QJ. diasbrouck Ted spent his pre-dental years a ' t Princeton, and then journeyed to the far West where he ob- tained his D.D.S. at the University of Sou+hern California. While there, he became a member of Psi Omega. Our only regret is that we did not have his pleasant association for the first three years. i eorge Critlli man As one of the outstanding personalities of the class, George has been active in many of the im- portant school and class activities. Throughout the four years he has held an active position on the staff of the Review, and in his senior year be- came editor. He has also been active on the staff of the Columbian. In his third and fourth years he was a member of Jarvie, and the Student Council. He is a member of Alpha Om3 a. uiarrtet III. Johnson Dr. Johnson is quite a traveler. After her college days at St. Olaf and Barnard Colleges, she at- tended the University of Minnesota Dental School here she received the D.D.S. degree. Harriet provided the feminine touch to round out our cloistered days. SJsadore c Jvaplan Clothed with a B.S. degree from N.Y.U., Kappy proved to be a popular member of the class and was elected Class President for three consecutive years. Elected to Jarvie Society and to Secre- taryship of the Student Council in his third year, he then became Business Manager of the Den- tal Columbian. He has been active in Alpha Omega, and has left his mark indelibly on his friends and associates. uiami Vv. Jvab arry Harry received his B.S. degree from City Col- lege. He is a member of Alpha Omega Frater- nity and the Jarvie Society. He ably assisted in the editing of the Dental Columbian, and his ever alert sense of humor and keen spontaneous quips did much to maintain the class spirit at its high level. Joseph It. Jxerrtgan The Tuckahoe Sage, perennial Vice-President of the class, came from Fordham ' s halls with a B.S. degree, and woe to him who belittles the Ford- ham ram. Joe is a member of Psi Omega Fra- ternity and Honorary President of the Six o ' - clock Clinic Club. We expect his fiery crop to become widely known in Tuckahoe, the probable site of his future practice. iodward ui. Jxoch Possessor of an A.B. degree from Fordham Uni- ersity, Eddie is a member of Psi Omega Frater- nity. In ' 34, he was Art Editor of the Dental Columbian. His quiet reserve and dignified bearing will be well remembered by his class- mates. He, too, is a member of the famed Quartet. Jxuoin d . J i ramer Having taken his predental course at New York University, Rube brought an active and vital personality to Columbia. He is a steadfast mer ber of Alpha Omega Fraternity. Yonkers soon know him as an efficient practitioner and respect his forceful character. . CLlexarider JLeventhal A graduate of C.C.N.Y. with a B.S. degree in his right hand, Al came to Dental School with his left hand primed for work — and found it. His Dig- est complaint was that all the instruments were right-handed, but he finally mastered them with the aid of a dental mirror. Besides his technical ability, .ie is the c ' ass warbler and thespian. Virgil 1 1 Lanneiii Virg is the proud possessor of an A.B. from Co- lumbia University. His research work in dentistry was done on the 8:15 from Mount Vernon by gazing into the yawning mouths of his fellow commuters. He is a member of Psi Omega Fra- ternity. ttour g.m rezzano President of the Student Council in his senior year, Bill manifested a flair for executive ability that bodes well for his future as a leader in the community. He was a member of Psi Omega, and Secretary of the Inter-fraternity Council. His B.S. degree was tendered him by Catholic Uni versity. (cyscar Jxubtn Oscar went straight from the undergraduate school of Columbia, to the graduate school, but managed to obtain a B.S. in the interim. A mem- ber of Alpha Omega, his genial disposition has endeared him to his classmates as well as the faculty. In more ways than one, Oscar has a well rounded personality. 1 1 ttlton lit. Sandler Milt ' s track training served its purpose even in dental school as he dashed about the clinic floor. As an active member of S.E.D. and an active voice in class affairs, we hope that our association not be terminated by graduation. Samuel ft. Su oane Sam ' s preparatory work was done at C.C.N.Y. In the short space of four years at the Dental School, he took part in many activities, being a member of Jarvie Society for two years, and as- sistant Editor of the Dental Columbian. Sar has been responsible for the healthy glow and painful limp of anyone who has had the audacity to come to his gym sessions. Sheldon (f. Solomon Graduating from Columbia with an A.B., Shel- don, the Poughkeepsie Demon wants to special- ize in soldering Richmonds, if the class will please stand by. Known to the class as Shelly, he will always be remembered as one of the most as- siduous and zealous workers of the group. {fames LP. cbpeirnan With a B.S. from Fordham, Jim joined our ranks and contributed much to our experiences of the past four years. As an active member of Psi Omega, he also found time to serve on the stu- dent council in his third year, and in his Senior year was elected to membership in Jarvie Society. I itcholas . (bpetacctno Nick left Chapel Hill at the University of North Carolina with an A.B. degree. The daily pursuit of dentistry brings him from the tranquil atmos- phere of Jackson Heights to the wind blown streets of Washington Heights. A natural abil- ity coupled with a pleasing personality will make Spet one of Elmira ' s foremost practitioners. Samuel cJ raunstetn With a B.A. from Columbia, Sam has become one of the modern proponents of dentistry as an art as well as a science. His ingenuity is far reaching and a constant source of reference to his colleagues. He was elected to Jarvie in. the third year of his dental career, and was Photo Editor of the Columbian in his senior year. Cirthur (ft. vi ald Coming from C.C.N.Y., Arthur stepped into a goodly share of class activities. Student Council representative in his second year and Vice-Presi- dent of that body in his Senior year, he still had time to be President of Jarvie Society and Edi- tor-in-Chief of the Dental Columbian. He is also a member of Alpha Omega. His diligence and enthusiasm should insure his success. JUonald J3. vi augh From the University of North Carolina came the versatile and dignified Don. Elected to the Stu- dent Council in his second and fourth years, his voice was often raised in the cause of student needs. A fine worker and possessor of a winning personality, Don will do big things in his chosen field. Stuart LK. vi erttnari Stew joined our ranks with an A.B. from Univer- sity of Pennsylvania. His work is silent evidence of his diligent application. We wonder whether his efficiency in children ' s dentistry is due to his special training at home. (bdward V. cloegarelu As president of the Senior Class, Ed always led the group. As advertising manager of the Den- tal Columbian and chairman of the Student Room Committee, he has helped both projects. He was class secretary-treasurer in the sopho- more and junior years, member of Jarvie Society and in his senior year, secretary of this body. Ed holds an A.B. from Columbia, and is an active member of Psi Omega. Gilbert jG ass man Zussie, after having spent four years at N.Y.U. and obtaining a B.S., arrived at Dental School and found that anyone who came to lecture after his name was called, was marked late. Quiet and reserved, Al does his work in a careful, cheery manner which is admired by his associates. ROSTER 37 John E. Bergman Nathaniel K. Berne Saul Bien Ralph B. Bush Milton Davidoff Michael B. Di Leo John J. Dolce Milton R. Ellis David I. Elterman Edward A. Epstein Sol J. Ewen Irving J. Fernebok George B. Finch Henry W. Fink I. Robert Goldberg . Alexander F. Gorski Lawrence Greene A. Allen Handler Theodore F. Hasbrouck, D.D.S. George Hillman Harriet M. Johnson, D.D.S. Isadore I. Kaplan Harry W. Katz Joseph N. Kerrigan . Edward H. Koch Rubin H. Kramer J. Alexander Leventhal Virgil Marinelli Wilbur J. Prezzano Oscar Rubin Milton M. Sandler Samuel N. Sloane Sheldon J. Solomon . James P. Spelman . Nicholas J. Spetaccino Samuel Traunstein Arthur H. Wald Donald B. Waugh Stuart R. Wertman Edward V. Zegarelli Albert Zussman 945 West End Avenue, New York City 725 Riverside Drive, New York City 17 Sylvan Terrace, New York City 303 East Sidney Avenue, Mount Vernon, N.Y. 2976 Quentin Road, Brooklyn, N. Y. 7 Hazel Street, Glen Cove, N.Y. 2414 Valentine Avenue, Bronx, New York 9525 Faragut Road, Brooklyn, N. Y. 115 East 29th Street, Brooklyn, N. Y. 1512 East I72d Street, Bronx, New York 343 East 87th Street, New York City 5301 Eighth Avenue, Brooklyn, N. Y. 50 West Homestead Avenue, Palisades Park, N. J. 1823 49th Street, Brooklyn, N.Y. 1246 Westchester Avenue, New York City 73 Manning Boulevard, Albany, N. Y. 1827 East 21st Street, Brooklyn, N:Y. 2635 Broadway, New York City 920 Riverside Drive, New York City 4711 12th Avenue, Brooklyn, N.Y. 386 Bedford Road, Pleasantville, N. Y. 407 North James Street, Rome, N. Y. 3405 Kossuth Avenue, Bronx, New York 126 Sagamore Road, Tuckahoe, N. Y. 1550 Bryant Avenue, New York City 271 Hawthorne Avenue, Yonkers, N.Y, 104 West 70th Street, New York City 149 South Fifth Avenue, Mount Vernon, N.Y. 251 Bradley Avenue, Mount Vernon, N.Y. 2719 Morris Avenue, Bronx, New York 316 West 95th Street, New York City 712 Fox Street, Bronx, New York 210 Main Street, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. 618 West 164th Street, New York City 106 West Sixth Street, Elmira.N.Y. 169 West 164th Street, Bronx, New York I 57 East 89th Street, New York City 1475 Roosevelt Avenue, Pelham Manor, N.Y. 581 16th Street, Brooklyn, N.Y. 607 Kossuth Avenue, Utica, N. Y. 96 Pulaski Street, Brooklyn, N. Y. President NATHAN M. SHECKMAN Vice-Presidsnt SAMUEL KIRSCHNER Secretary LEONARD D. STONE JUNIOR After two long and intensive years of Den- tal School, packed with studies and homework, we were suddenly confronted with a program, the likes of which we had never before known. The rather abrupt change to a clinical program was pleasantly startling. Alas dear reader it was rough going. It was all we could do to accustom ourselves to this new routine. However we sur- vived and many years from now, wherever we may meet, our conversation will certainly drift back to the days in ' 36 when as juniors we in- vaded the clinic. These were truly memorable times. Let us reminisce a bit: Operative — After finally adjusting the time saving rubber dam to our comfort, and the pa- tient ' s, we finally discover that the period was practically over and it was time to dismiss the patient. Only fifteen minutes to plug a foil. My, what dirty finger nails! . . . Miss Sharrocks . . . Prosthetics — The amount of work necessary to be put into a case depends upon the instruc- tor you have. Certainly thrilling to be told, after having milled a case, that centric occlusion was off, necessitating a reconstruction. Who asked? Student Council EDWARD A. MALLOY SIDNEY L. MILLER IRVING WEINBERG CLASS Why does Dr. Young help everyone but me? — Orthodontics — An up and conning course that keeps moving along at a snail ' s pace until the last two weeks. Veddy nice, veddy nice, nice profeel, Helbraun, Linn and Hanson, what a com- bination! Take a P.G. — Crown and Bridge — Take a little off here and add some there. That should be a feather edge Doctor. Where the boys do poor work just so they can come in Dr. Hoyt ' s section — oh yeah? — Diagnosis — The class gift. Mackta, the mad genius. Surgery — At least we know how to hold our hands after washing. Periodontia — With prophylaxis goes hand in hand — the finest course in all the land. Radiology — Wot de heck ' s de matter wit youse guys? — For three years now th e class fias been plan- ning that social. One should think that by this time everything would be down to perfection. When (and if) it does occur it will come very much as a shock to several people. S. M. President ROBERT F. McGANNON Vice-President WILLIAM KAPLAN Secretary HARRY QUAIN SOPHOMORE The year opened with the proverbial bang and before we knew it the fifty-two survivors, plus three new additions, were precipitated into a hustling, bustling whirl of activity made up of Bacteriology, Pathology, Prophylaxis et al. Will any of us ever forget Dr. Rosebury ' s course? How those cantankerous cocci (or were they bacilli) seemed to take such a diabolical de- light in constantly changing their identity, being gram positive one moment and gram negative the next? How, after the second exam, the li- brary suddenly became the rendezvous for the class of our own free accord ? How all but those favored few who had exemptions ap- proached the final with trepidation? How in spite of everything we all passed? Then there was that first day on the clinic floor. Calmly and nonchalantly assuring our first patient that she was our fifty-ninth prophylaxis patient, no more and no less . . . Dr. Hughes deftly removing more calculus in two minutes than we had in an hour . . . Spilling iodine on our patient with Dr. Hughes looking on . . . The little kid we had for a patient respectfully calling us doctor . . . I j Student Council IRVING BONIME MATTHEW WARTEL CLASS Pathology started off like a lamb and turned into a lion. And what a lion! Those slides on the exams and those forty winks when the shades were pulled down and the room darkened dur- ing slide projection. Operative technique brought out the dor- mant scientist in us. We all conducted research for the purpose of finding a method of filling cavities with less gold foil while the size of the cavity remained the same. The course also start- ed Scheier in the old gold business. The Oral Hygiene course brought to our attention the vast field of dental literature. Many interesting discussions were held, and they were profitable, even if, as some one said it all adds up to — A says ' yes. ' B says ' no. ' And C dis- agrees with A and B. Radiology, Oral Surgery, Pharmacology, Psychiatry, and Crown and Bridge further helped to make up a well-rounded year. In fact, we were so busy that somehow or other our social affair was lost in the shuffle. But we ' re going to make up for it and run two next year. Tho Sophomore year — and what a year i|- was! p G President JOHN KANYA Vice-President NILS NORDSTROM Secretary THOMAS J. DOBBINS The story of the Class of 1940 could be told in a few words, as a series of incidents no one of which is in itself significant, but which, taken all together, mean a great deal. The organization of the class was rapid, and without much debate over the selection of offi- cers, — the class working well as a unit. This was exemplified by the support which the class dinner received, and it is to be expect- ed that any other social functions which the class undertakes will receive like cooperation. This may not be the place for preaching, but I wish to point out just one thing. There are indications, at the present time, that the solid- arity of the class as a functional unit may be en- dangered by the absorption of some of its mem- bers into other groups. There is no doubt that these other groups have much to offer; on the other hand there is no doubt in my mind that the class as a unit holds a very important place in the lives of its members. DON ' T FORGET — It is as a class that we are recognized by the school, not as members of this or that extra- FRESHMAN Siudenf Council HENRY L JOCHUM, Jr. CLASS curricular group. Join them all, fraternities, hon- or societies, and discussion groups, but remem- ber — the class is responsible for you, and you for the cl ass. The class of ' 40 has much for which to thank the men who form the other classes of the school. The inter-class smoker was the high point of the first part of the year, in that it gave us all a chance to know those of our schoolmates whom we might otherwise never have met. The class is only beginning to appreciate the importance of the student room and its many uses. To the faculty of the school we owe so much that there would be little use in trying to enum- erate these debts. We can only offer them our thanks and appreciation for their kindness and understanding, and for their cooperation in mak- ing our outside affairs, as well as our work in the school, successful. We also wish to express our gratitude to the members of the administrative staff of the school, but for whose solicitous counsel and guid- ance we probably would not be here now. C. M. C. STAFF OF DENTAL COLUMBIAN Assistant Editors ALEXANDER GORSKI, ' 37 MICHAEL Dl LEO, ' 37 HARRY KATZ. ' 37 SAMUEL SLOANE, ' 37 Faculty Advisar Dr. S. N. ROSENSTEIN Editor-in-Chief ARTHUR H. WALD, ' 37 Associate Editor SIDNEY L. MILLER, ' 38 Photography Editor SAMUEL TRAUNSTEIN, ' 37 Business Manager ISADORE KAPLAN, ' 37 Advertising Manager EDWARD V. ZESARELLI. ' 37 Assistant Photography Edirors T. HOLLAND ADAM, ' 38 CHARLES M. CHAYES, ' 40 Assistant Business Managers RALPH BUSH, ' 37 DAVID ELTERMAN, ' 37 Sophomore Representative HENRY ELLISON Freshman Representative CHARLES M. CHAYES Oral Hygienist Representatives JEAN BENZE LORRAINE DUNN JANE ROSEN CORA SOLOMON THE DENTAL COLUMBIAN Through the cooperative endeavor of the many people who united their efforts in the formulation of this book, the staff of the Dental Columbian has attempted to present a cross sec- tion of the life in and about the Columbia Dental School during the past four years. The staff has striven to have this record in as artistic a form as possible, and to obtain material, which besides having immediate interest, will have a deep and significant value each time it is reread. It is for you that this book has been compiled, and if some day in the distant future, it fills in a moment with a sentimental memory, a smile, or even a sigh, it has served its purpose, and our object will have been fulfilled. a The work entailed in the compilation of this book was coordinated under the able direction of Dr. S. N. Rosenstein. It was largely through the assistance of Dr. Rosenstein and Dr. Holliday, that the difficult financial details were arranged; and through the untiring efforts of Isadore Kap- lan, Edward V. Zegarelli, and their assistants, that it was possible to finance this book, and to as- sist in the financial support of the Columbia Dental Review. It is to Mrs. Amy and Mrs. Timm that we are indebted for the tiring and thankless work be- hind the lines — the interpretation, typing, and retyping of the editors ' illegible scrawls. The proof reading was done under the eagle-eyed direction of Mrs. Seeligman. The photography was ably cared for by Samuel Traunstein, Holland Adam, and Charles M. Chayes. The yards of negatives submitted and the fine photographs used are evidence of the time spent and enthusiasm shown by the photography staff. The Editor and staff owes deep appreciation to Mrs. McKenzie for her invaluable aid in the formulation of this book, as well as her encour- agement and advice. STUDENT COUNCIL President WILBUR PREZZANO, ' 37 Vice-President ARTHUR H. WALD, ' 37 Secretary EDWARD MALLOY, ' 38 Juniors NATHAN SCHECKMAN SIDNEY L. MILLER IRVING WEINBERG Seniors GEORGE HILLMAN EDWARD ZEGARELLI DONALD B. WAUGH Sophomore ROBERT F. McGANNON IRVING BONIME MATTHEW WARTEL Freshmen JOHN KANYA HENRY L. JOCHUM, Jr. Faculty Members HENRY W. GILLETT, D.M.D. donald j. w. Mclaughlin, d.d.s. For several years the dental students in Columbia University have been appealing to the faculty for a room which they might call their own. This campaign was carried on, not due to our vanity or pride, but actually because it was sorely needed as a place where busy, highly- strung dental students might relax, during the possible lulls in our school and clinic work, to rest and enjoy a smoke amid congenial surroundings. Not alone were these our reasons but, too, we had no place to eat our lunches, and of necessity we resorted to G laboratory, at best, a very un- suitable locale. Although our need was appreciated, space in the dental school is at a premium and just as soon as one department relinquished a closet, some other department would immediately put in an S.O.S. for more room. Consequently until this time, dental students were left out in the cold. Our new dean, Dr. Holliday, being cogni- zant of the student needs and fully appraising the situation, gave to the student body, in the latter part of October, Room F 23 1 . It was placed STUDENT COUNCIL under the supervision of the Student Council through the immediate control of the student room committee headed by Edward Zegarelli. This committee was chosen as representative of all four classes. We owe a vote of thanks and a feeling of gratitude to Dr. Hartman who so generously provided our room with the set of beautiful pic- tures which now add so much to its atmosphere and dignity. Thanks are also due to Dr. Oman, newly appointed operative professor, for his generosity in donating to the room an auto- matic electric cigarette lighter. The committee has been shopping for furni- ture to fulfill the students ' share in suitably out- fitting the room. It has purchased approximate- ly thirty all-metal folding chairs, two large new tables and a magazine shelf and ash trays. FACULTY MEMBERS — The entire student body extend to you our most sincere and unani- mous thanks. To Dr. McLaughlin, a man who has given a great deal of thought, time, and effort in sug- gestions for the purchase of furniture, in aiding the formulation of regulations, as well as in his un- derstanding guidance of student movements and an appreciation of their problems, we all owe another sincere vote of thanks. WILLIAM JARVIE SOCIETY OF DENTAL RESEARCH President ARTHUR H. WALD Vice-President ALEXANDER SEELIG Secretary-Treasurer EDWARD V. ZEGARELLI MICHAEL B. DILEO DAVID I. ELTERMAN EDWARD EPSTEIN SOL EWEN IRVING FERNEBOK Members 1937 GEORGE B. FINCH ALEXANDER F. GORSKI GEORGE HILLMAN ISADORE I. KAPLAN HARRY W. KATZ SAMUEL SLOANE JAMES P. SPELMAN SAMUEL TRAUNSTEIN ARTHUR H. WALD EDWARD V. ZEGARELLI T. HOLLAND ADAM LOUIS ARONOWITZ SIDNEY BUCHSBAUM HENRY W. HELBRAUN LEO M ACKTA Members 1938 SIDNEY L. MILLER RUFUS ROBINSON ALEXANDER SEELIG NATHAN SHECKMAN IRVING WEINBERG The William Jarvie Society was founded six- teen years ago by Professor William J. Sies primarily to institute and further research among embryo dentists. This ideal is foremost in its activities and is promoted by its members at every available opportunity. Election of members is done by the ten elected Juniors who, when they become Seniors, choose five additional seniors and ten juniors so that membership is limited to twenty-five. Elec- tion of these individuals is based on scholarship, research ability, dental interest, and proficiency. Besides close business meetings, the society holds open meetings once a month at which some Individual noted in his field gives a talk or demon- stration on some subject of general or special interest to dentistry. These meetings not only serve as rich sources of information and dental knowledge but they also instill into the listeners a profound interest and spirit of research, thus furthering the ideals of our society, awakening the latent abilities of dental students, and aiding in the advancement of our chosen profession — a duty which every man owes to his profession. This scholastic year finds the Jarvie Society launched on a truly ambitious program of re- search, the results of which we hope to make WILLIAM JARVIE SOCIETY of DENTAL RESEARCH public at the end of the year when all the find- ings have been compiled and correlated. The research problem now at hand is to determine the correlation, if any, between the clinical symptoms, radiographic findings, pulp-testing re- sults, etc., of teeth with the pathological findings after these teeth have been sectioned. Research members are well distributed in the various departments. The active co-opera- tion and aid of the various faculty members furthered our work as shown by the great interest displayed by all those participating. With these Jarvie principles and ideals in mind let us hope that our work this year is only a small stepping stone by which future members may truly be able to merit the distinction of membership. Let us again hope that the light of research may never fail in the minds of stu- dents for they are the practitioners of tomorrow and their activities, their Brain-children, their poking into the vast and limitless unknown de- termines the future status of dentistry. COLUMBIA DENTAL REVIEW Board of Editors GEORGE HILLMAN, ' 37, Editor Associates ELI H. SIEGEL. ' 36, Asst. Editor J. A. KLEIN, ' 38, M ' n ' g. Editor NATHANIEL K. BERNE, ' 37 EDWARD MALLOY. ' 38 JOSEPH G. ORNSTEIN, ' 38 Contributing Editors HENRY ELLISON, ' 39 MORTON SCHEIER, ' 39 MILTON WECHSLER, ' 39 LOUIS KUNIN, ' 39 CHESTER KUPPERMAN, ' 40 Managing Board HENRY W. GILLETT, D.M.D. MANUEL M, MASLANSKY, ' 27 JOHN J. MAYERS, ' 32 For the third time since its initial issue in 1929 the Columbia Dental Review was entirely under the management of a student editor chos- en by the Student Council. Several problems of paramount interest faced the editors. The ques- tion of finances was fortunately solved with the aid of the staff of the Dental Columbian by their balancing the Review ' s financial deficit, which student, faculty and alumni subscriptions were not able to cover, from the advertising surplus of the Year Book ' s treasury. The awakening interest of the student body to the importance of the Review as its voice, and as a training ground in scientific and professional expression augurs well for its future. Dr. William Gies once said that the degree of a pro- fession ' s finances is indicated by the char- acter of the journals the profession accepts THE COLUMBIA DENTAL REVIEW and supports as representative of it. We feel that students of the School of Dental and Oral Surgery are doing their bit in the maintenance of such an ideal. The problem of lack of student interest disappears as the calibre of the students increases. The strides that dental education has made in the last decade are being felt not only in an awakening of dental student publications but throughout the dental literature. The rapid advances of the philosophy of dental education and literature side by side with achievements of organization have allowed dentistry to take its rightful place as a health service in the minds of the public. The Dental Review is a stepping stone for the student interested in the literature of the pro- fession. With the Editor of the Review chosen for the second successive year as Chairman of the Dental Student ' s Publications Committee of the American Association of Dental Editors, the Re- view is taking its place as an intrinsic part of the training of the dental student, and as one of the leading dental student publications in the coun- try. G. H. ■ Wf PSI OMEGA Gamma Lambda Grand Master WILBUR J. PREZZANO, ' 37 Junior Grand Master GEORGE B. FINCH, ' 37 Secretary ALEXANDER F. GORSKI, ' 37 Treasurer MICHAEL B. Dl LEO,, ' 37 Editor EDWARD V. ZEGARELLI, ' 37 RALPH B. BUSH, ' 37 JOSEPH NEAL KERRIGAN, JAMES P. SPELMAN, ' 37 EDWARD J. BILDERBACK. ' 38 EDWARD H. KOCH. Jr., ' 37 VIRGIL MARINELLI, ' 37 VICTOR E. PERRONE, ' 38 GEORGE E. MULLEN, ' 39 SILVIO A. DEL REY, ' 40 WILLIAM T. CHILVERS. ' 40 ALBERT R. BUCKELEW. ' 40 Pledgees JAMES G. CLUNE, ' 40 JOHN A. ESPOSITO, ' 40 MARTIN I. SMITH. ' 40 GERARD L COURTADE. ' 40 EDWARD WILSON, ' 40 Gamma Lambda chapter of Psi Omega is the only Christian dental fraternity connected with Columbia University. Psi Omega, founded in 1 892, is an international dental fraternal or- ganization composed of 36 active chapters located in practically all large dental schools. First and foremost of our purposes, is to be of assistance in the education of the student, by creating bonds of professional kinship and elevat- ing the ambitions of the group. An important factor in this effort is the invitation of house speakers who usually deliver papers on some sub- ject of either general or specific dental interest. During this past year several men, prominent in their fields, such as Dr. W. B. Dunning, perio- dontist, and Dr. A. J. Walker, root canal thera- pist, have visited our house and contributed to the ever-increasing range of dental students ' knowledge. Demonstrations have been given and lantern slides and educational motion pic- tures have been shown, again helping us to ful- fill not only our duties, but to satisfy, albeit to a small extent, our hunger for more schooling in our chosen profession. In addition to the social and educational phases, Psi Omega has another important pur- pose — to provide fraternal bonds in the profes- PSI OMEGA GAMMA LAMBDA sion. Professional brotherhood has a depth and subtlety which is not only an activating stimulus, but promotes a kindred spirit in viewing the problems of fellow practitioners, and in offering encouragement and assistance. The formation, growth, and cementation of this bond of kinship is fostered in the active chapter, and carried into life beyond graduation. Social gatherings are occasionally held at the house not only to further instill the sense of closeness among the members, but to provide ample means for periods of relaxation and en- joyment, in contrast to the heavy worries, cares, and burdens of the overtaxed dental student. We also foster warm relations with our fa- culty and to this end we invite, at various times, professors and instructors to attend our functions. This has aided greatly toward a better under- standing between teacher and student, otherwise unobtainable. And now, as we are about to close the por- tals on another scholastic year, let us add a signal tribute — this to Grand Master Prezzano, through whose unstinted efforts and unselfish mo- tives, Psi Omega has been able, in no small meas- ure, to live up to its ideals and aims, and has been guided through one of its most successful periods. ALPHA OMEGA Eta Chapter OFFICERS Chancellor AARON H. JACOBS Vice-Chancellor MATTHEW WARTEL Quaestor MURRAY PEISER Scribe MILTON WECHSLER Historian HENRY ELLISON Praetor Dr. JACK ERDREICH 1937 MILTON R. ELLIS GEORGE HILLMAN HENRY W. FINK HARRY W. KATZ ISADORE I. KAPLAN OSCAR RUBIN RUBIN H. KRAMER ARTHUR H. WALD IRVING J. FERNEBOK 1939 1938 LOUIS R. ARONOWITZ JOSEPH A. KLEIN RAYMOND BRANDSTEIN SIDNEY L. MILLER MICHAEL I. KALMAN MILTON N. TURKOFF BERNARD F. LINN JOSEPH G. ORNSTEIN MILTON ROSENWASSER IRVING WEINBERG HERBERT BIRENBACH AARON H. JACOBS CARL DUNN VICTOR MARCUS ISRAEL GREENBERG HARRY QUAIN ELIAS KOGAN MILTON ROTHSTEIN LOUIS KUNIN MATTHEW WARTEL MURRAY PEISER WILSON RUBIN RANKOW LESTER SAROFF MILTON WECHSLER HENRY ELLISON LOUIS HYMAN LEO KORDON PLEDGEES S. J. EWEN. ' 37 CHARLES M. CHAYES ' 40 MORTON WEINRIB, ' 40 NORMAN LEFKOWITZ. ' 39 WILLIAM GRAUER, ' 40 ARTHUR KAFKA. - 1 MORTIMER ALEXANDER. ' 40 EMANUEL KIRSCHENBAUM. ' 40 CHESTER KUPPERMAN, ' 40 SIMEON BLINN. ' 39 JOSEPH LEAVITT, ' 40 MURVIN RABBIN. ' 40 ISIDORE SAMUELS. 39 JOSEPH WETROGAN. ' 40 The Alpha Omega fraternity was founded in Philadelphia in 1907. Its spread has been grad- ual across the country, until now there are thirty undergraduate chapters throughout the land, including two in Canada, and nineteen alumni groups. The national organization has success- fully welded these together, so that there is a unity of purpose in cooperation with other den- tal organizations. Conventions of a national scope are held annually, bringing together men from all parts of the country; the convention of 1936 being held in Boston, that of the year be- fore in Detroit. At the Boston convention the Alpha Omega achievement Medal was presenreo to Dr. Leroy Miner, president of the American Dental Association, and dean of Harvard Dental School. Earlier in the year Dr. Samuel Gordon, chief chemist of the American Dental Associa- tion, and secretary of the Council on Dental Therapeutics, was awarded honorary memb ership in Alpha Omega as the outstanding dental per- sonality of the year. ALPHA OMEGA ETA CHAPTER Following the leadership of the American Dental Association, a group insurance plan has been put into operation, offering to members many advantages peculiar to such group plans. The New York Alumni Club has started an emer- gency loan fund for the use of all undergraduate students of the Columbia University Dental School; such money to be loaned without inter- est or security, the eventual object being to con- vert it into a permanent scholarship fund. The fraternity acts as a mentor and both by precept and deed endeavours to stimulate the undergrad- uate to a greater zealousness in his curriculum requirements, together with an interest in the ex- tra-curricular activities surrounding his school iife. Lecturers and round table discussions are an integral part of the chapter meetings as are dances and house parties. The chapter has tra- ditionally held open house at all times. Many seniors remember the midnight vigils before ex- aminations, as well as the pre-dawn sessions after the formal class dances. The successful combina- tion is an indication of wider fraternalism than is indicated by outward happenings of organization. J.G.O. SIGMA EPSILON DELTA Gamma Class of 1937 JOHN BERGMAN, ' 37 MILTON SANDLER. ' 37 LAWRENCE GREENE, ' 37 Master LEON SINGER Chaplain SIDNEY SULZBERG Secretary SIDNEY WINETT Treasurer IRVING REISER Class of 1938 SIDNEY WINETT, ' 38 IRVING REISER, ' 38 SIDNEY SULZBERG, ' 38 Class of 1939 LEON SINGER, ' 39 WILLIAM KAPLAN, ' 39 THEODORE KATZ, ' 39 MARTIN SCHER, ' 39 Class of 1940 SAUL L. FIEGAL, ' 40 ISADORE P. MANDEL, ' 40 IRVING REZNICK, ' 40 IRVING FEINSTEIN, ' 40 WILLIAM OSLER, ' 40 IRWIN F. STANG, ' 40 Pledgee ROBERT SCHNEIDER The Sigma Epsilon Delta Fraternity had its inception at the New York College of Dentistry in the year 1901. The idea was first conceived by Arthur V. Greenstein, who in conjunction with five other dental students, organized the Alpha Chapter. It was but a few years later that the Gamma Chapter was established at Columbia University principally through the efforts of Isaac Pearlstein. From this humble beginning the ideas and ideals of S.E.D. have grown and been dissemin- ated, so that today chapters exist in many dental schools of the United States, including the Uni- versity of Pennsylvania, Temple University, Uni- versity of Baltimore, New York University, Col- umbia University and others. Ours is an organization primarily dedicated to the promotion and perpetuation of Fraternal- ism. Moreover, it is singularly adapted to bring about a close union between graduate mem- bers and undergraduates so as to aid in attaining the highest standards of our profession. To this end, undergraduate members are invited to the SIGMA EPSILON DELTA GAMMA CHAPTER lectures, exhibits, demonstrations, motion pic- tures, clinics, and other gatherings held at the Graduate Chapters in conjunction with their monthly meetings. In addition, our own Chapter House is the scene of weekly visits from those fraters who have achieved distinction in the var- ious spheres of dentistry. Various social activities held throughout the year enable the undergraduate to become acquainted with these men, to ask their advice and receive their counsel on any of the problems which beset the student and young practitioner. The older men, on the other hand, are dependent upon recent graduates, for the elevation of the standards of our profession. An S.E.D. man does not stagnate; his mind is receptive to new ideas: there is much that is valuable to learn from the younger man. The progressive spirit is the key- note of our Fraternity; and to the end that such a spirit may be engendered and fostered our Fraternity is dedicated. To those of our Brothers who are about to embark upon their professional careers, we, undergraduates, wish ' Godspeed, Success, and Happiness. C -J ANNA V. HUGHES D.M.D. Professor of Dentistry JOSEPHINE E. LUHAN KATHERINE F. HOLLIS D.D.S. R.D.H. GENEVA H. WALLS R.D.H. Assistant Professor of Dentistry Instructor in Dentistry Instructor in Dentistry ELEANOR E. OVERBECK A.B. Secretary The last few years have been characterized by the development of a deeper social consci- ousness due, in large measure, to the economic depression which greatly intensified the urgency of the needs of the masses of the people, and consequently brought these needs more forcibly to the attention of all. Emphasis is therefore now being placed, in steadily increasing degrees, on duties and obligations to the many, rather than on rights and privileges for the few. We are proud again this year to graduate a group of students trained and equipped to take up a pro- fession completely in harmony with this humane outlook en life. The idea is not new to Oral Hygiene. Its founders planned the movement with this very object in view, and mapped out its development so that the benefits which it was believed would result from this new field of endeavor would be enjoyed by all, and not restricted to the fortun- ate few. To carry out this aim those in charge of directing the work have concentrated on so training the students and placing the graduates, that they will come in contact with, and be use- ful to the greatest possible variety of groups of people. Hygienists were oriqinally encouraged to undertake school work for a double purpose: first, in order to do the preventive work which is possible only in that particular field; and, second, because there they could handle the maximum number of patients, and through those patients could reach a broad section of the community. Then, too, graduates were urged to carry on their work in clinics, and, with this as a begin- ning, the very evident value of the work led to its naturally branching out along the very lines ORAL HYGIENE ANNA V. HUGHES, D.M.D. Professor of Dentistry so carefully mapped out for it in the beginning. The result is that we now have graduates doing outstanding work not only in schools, clinics, and hospitals, but also in manufacturing and industrial concerns, stores, insurance companies, and banks whose many employees bring the hygienist in touch with a cross section of the district in which they are located. Thus, they are in a position to oive the benefits of their training and education to many more people than would be possible if their activities had been confined to private practice alone. This policy of encouraging hygienists to broaden the field in which they work has resulted in their being of greater service in another con- nection, i.e., in acting as a point of contact be- tween those requiring dental attention and those ready and willing to give it either as private practitioners or through the facilities offered by welfare organizations and public health centers. The importance of this work cannot be over- emphasized, for no matter how adequate the machinery set in motion to relieve the needs of the people, it cannot function smoothly if the necessary contacts are not established. The pub- lic must be familiarized with the means provided for their care, and the hygienist is in a position to render this service ably and well. All higher education is a privilege in the sense that it enables those receiving it to lead richer and fuller lives. It finds its greatest justi- fication when those who have enjoyed it use it to make more abundant the lives of those about them. The graduates of the Class of 1937 are not unaware of the greater responsibilities which their greater privileges have brought. We and they are eagerly looking forward to the many years in which it will be their pride and joy to fulfill them. Cl A;A, A T 4 I OFFICERS President PATRICIA DIMMOCK Vice-President ELEANOR ELY Secretary-Treasurer JOSEPHINE DUMANIS Columbian Staff JEAN BENZE LORRAINE DUNN JANE ROSEN CORA SOLOMON Remember, remember that day in September When we, to the number of -forty and two Took our first faltr ' ing steps On our way to success Mid surroundings so awesome and new. They sat us at tables in orderly rows And taught stiff awkward fingers to fashion Out of little wax blocks With a sharp pointed knife Objects we loved with a creator ' s passion. We spent many a day, learning all about teeth, Their habits, their shapes, and their sizes. Came the end of the month And our first final test, We all passed, though they gave us no prizes. Remember, remember that day in November We dressed up in white from our head to our toe And met for the first Those mute mannikin heads On whom we spent hours of misery and woe. Oh, but those were the times that indeed tried our souls; We fust lived for recess when all could sit down. But before very long We had mastered the art, And each one was sure she had earned a gold crown. Remember, remember that day in December When our first real live patient we met: Our fingers were shaking, Our hearts they beat fast; That day and that hour we ' ll never forget. A CLASS HISTORY !N RHYME DOROTHY C. DUFF Then after our Christmas vacation was spent We returned to find midterms before us. We studied and worried, Burned much midnight oil . . . But it took more than midterms to floor us. Now we bent all our thoughts to perfecting our skill; In each clinic we went to we learned something new . . . Our technique improved As we gained savoir faire ; Thus the days and the weeks they just flew. Then almost before we quite knew what had happened It was May, and our troubles had only begun. With finals and State Boards . . . Class luncheon, and yearbooks. We sat back and sighed when our labors were done. Remember, remember, we ' ll always remember That June day when our efforts were crowned with success Proud parents were present For the gala event . . . There were speeches and essays our friends to impress. Now we ' re graduated; we ' re amateurs no more. We pack up our things and prepare to depart For unchartered courses And new worlds to conquer, Equipped for the fray with strong hands and stout heart. DOROTHEA ELODIA ACITO New York, New Yorl TILLIE ADLER Livingston Manor, New York ETHEL JEAN BENZE Queens Village, L. I., New York New York University RITA ELIZABETH BOYNE Bridgeport, Connecticut JANE VIRGINIA BULMER Montclair, New Jersey VIVIAN ANGELA CASAGRANDE Waterbury, Connecticut LORRAINE MARITA DUNN West New Brighton. S. I., New York PATRICIA R. A. DIMMOCK Hart-ford, Connecticut Lesley School DOROTHY CATHERINE DUFF New York, New York JOSEPHINE DUMANIS Flushing, L. I., New York DORIS ANNA GODFREY Bridgeport, Connecticut GERTRUDE DORMAN Paterson, New Jersey FLORENCE VICTORIA GOLDSTEIN Asbury Park, New Jersey Monmouth County Junior Coilegs ELEANOR EVELYN ELY Westwood, New Jersey RUTH GOTTLIEB Newburgh, New York MIRIAM HENNI HELLER Arverne. L. I., New York ELEANOR RITA ERKINS Flushing, L. !., New York EVANGELINE MARY HINES New Haven, Connecticut JACQUELINE ISABELLE HUOT Montreal, P. Q., Canada F. MAXINE HOOD White Plains. New York HELEN MILDRED JARES Brooklyn, New York RITA LOUISE JOHNSON Middletown, New York GWENDLYN E. HOOD White Plains, New York The Musical institute of the Juilliard School of Music SYLVIA KATZ Paterson, New Jersey MARIE ANGELA PETRILLI New York, New York ANN NATHALIE McNAMARA Lynnfleld, Massachusetts LUCY MARGARET MURRAY Port Jervis, New York ALMA MARIE NEUMANN Woodhaven, New York VIVIAN JANE ROSA Waterbury, Connecticut ESTHER CHAPMAN MINER Groton, Conneclicul JANE CLAIRE ROSEN Brooklyn, New York A.B.. Hunter Colleg; HELEN ROSLYN SANDOR Brooklyn, New York B ' ooklyn College CHARLOTTE GERTRUDE SHAPIRO Brooklyn, New York Syracuse University New York University ESTHER DOROTHY SILAGYI Brooklyn, New York SYLVIA BELLA SLACHTER Derby. Connecticut CORA FRANCES SOLOMON Poughkeepsie, New York PATRICIA ANN STANTON New York, New York Pratt Institute Commercial Art CHARLOTTE G. WOOLLEY New Milford, Connecticut Sarah Lav re nee College GERTRUDE M.TEITELMAN New Haven, Connecticut Community Junior College LIFE THROUGH AN OPEN MOUTH (WITH APOLOGIES TO DOCTOR GOLDBERGER) Teeth were my fancy; I would roam To find them. See me, far from home In a city wild and raucous, Lonely as half a diplococcus. As an aerobic microbe in A vacuum dream of oxygen So I, through fumes of CCX. Dream of a cleaner, wider view. The mountains of my native land Rise still and white on every hand. Tunnelled by chasms, black, uncouth As dental caries in a tooth. The morning sun spreads an umbrella Of rays, a million bright flagella, Diffusing on my eager skin The anti-rickets vitamin. Where silos dot the countryside I wander, pensive, far and wide, Revolving in my aimless way Bacterial effects on hay. Evening creeps across the plains In waves of chromogenic stains, And birds pursue their homeward course Like iron chips in a field of force. And can words tell of the midnight sky, Black as the throat where the to nsils lie, Freckled with clustered stars flung wide Like staphylococci on a slide? L ' ENVOI Reader, there ' s one more word to say Before you, pityingly turn away To diagnose my situation — Acute cerebral caseation — My thanks for having borne with me. Yours ever, symbiotically, Charlotte G. Woolley ' For of the Most High Cometh Healing I knew that it was bound to come, that day of days, when I would have to brave the perils of the clinic, armed only with my instruments, and give my first prophylaxis. Yet when it did come I found myself literally quaking with fear. For- gotten now the weeks of preparation and prac- tice; forgotten now the sage advice of my pre- decessors. Completely gone the confidence in- stilled in me by my instructors. Everything seemed to fall away leaving me exposed in all my ignorance. The fact that my colleagues were suffering quite as much as I, offered little conso- lation. I was much too concerned with my own problems. Dressed in my brisk white uniform and cap I cursed the fates that hadn ' t provided me with the accompanying competence, or at least con- fidence. After much fumbling and fidgeting, my table was set up to microscopic satisfaction of my mentor, and then the zero hour was realiy at hand. Patients were led into the clinic, one by one, and presented to their trembling hygienists. Closer and closer to me they came while frag- ments of thoughts swirled through my mind. What instrument do I start with? How does the spray work? Will the blood make me ill? How do I chart? What if I catch something? .... and then it struck! Your patient, Miss , and my chair was no longer empty. Dazedly, I fastened the bib and adjusted the chair at a precarious angle. That ' s fine, a voice purred in my ear, Now, take your number 16 and get busy. Number 16 was doing a fast shimmy in my hand as I advanced on my unsuspecting victim. I very gently stroked at a little deposit on the low- er anteriors and at a whispered more pressure I bore down a bit harder . . . why, it came off! Harder still . . . more came off, and now the blood was pouring forth in a steady stream but totally ignored by me so engrossed was I as I pushed and shoved, polished and flossed, mas- saged and charted. A veteran hygienist at last! Gertrude Teitelman THE HYGIENIST AND HER PART IN PUBLIC HEALTH The profession of the oral hygienist whiie lacking the romantic background wh:ch usually accompanies any work in health and its associated phases is an essentially modern solution of an age-old problem, dental caries. The Hygienist is concerned chiefly with the preventive dentistry angle, and because her work is unimpeded by tradition and superstition she has an open field and innumerable opportunities to prove her value to the community. Two-thirds of all the school children in the United States are afflicted with defective teeth. What better beginning had the Hygienist than in the schools. Through prophylaxis, health pro- grams, and posters, the children will be enlight- ened on the part teeth play in their general health and appearance. The child should not be coerced into the practice of good mouth hygiene but through explanation and exhibited proof be brought to the realization of the importance of these health measures, and thus be imbued with the desire to include them in his daily health routine. Cooperation on the part of the parents, plus the child ' s natural competitive spirit wiil help to produce clean healthy mouths. The Hygienist lays the groundwork in the patient ' s mind for a truer appreciation of his teeth, and while it is natural to take the line of least resistance, her enthusiasm should create a lasting impression on the patient. The care of the mouth is a lifetime job, and a momentary flare of enthusiasm which soon wanes and be- comes indifference is a sign that the Hygienist has failed in her trust. The oral hygiene movement both prophylac- tic and corrective, has shown the importance of proper dentistry by increasing the mental and physical efficiency as well as lowering the sus- ceptibility to contagious diseases. With this in- centive the Hygienist should be fired with am- bition to play her part in this drama of health. Patricia Dimmock ORAL HYGIENE ROSTER ! 37 DOROTHEA E. ACITO 236 West 259th Street New York, New York TILLIE ADLER Main Street Livingston Manor, New York E. JEAN BENZE 98-18 Springfield BouUvard Queens Village, L. I., New York RITA E. BOYNE 40 Sanford Place Bridgeport, Connecticut JANE V. BULMER 19 Alden Road Montclair. New Jersey VIVIAN A. CASASRANDE 1980. East Main Street Waferbury, Connecticut PATRICIA R. A. DIMMOCK 40 Evergreen Avenue Hartford, Connecticut GERTRUDE DORMAN 65 Market Street Paterson, New Jersey DOROTHY C. DUFF 417 West I 18th Street New York, New York JOSEPHINE DUMANIS 172-20 Northern Boulevard Flushing, L. I., New York LORRAINE M. DUNN 65 Gregg Place West New Brighton, S. I., New York ELEANOR E. ELY 41 Harrington Avenue Westwood, New Jersey ELEANOR R. ERKINS 43-77 167th Street Flushing, L. I., New York DORIS A. GODFREY R.F.D. No. I Bridgeport, Connecticut FLORENCE V. GOLDSTEIN 303 First Avenue Asbury Park, New Jersey RUTH GOTTLIEB 490 Liberty Street Newburgh, New York MIRIAM H. HELLER 214 Beach 72nd Street Arverne, L. I,, New York EVANGELINE M. HINES I 193 Chapel Street New Haven, Connecticut F. MAXINE HOOD 93 Greenridge Avenue White Plains, New York GWENDLYN E. HOOD 93 Greenridge Avenue White Plains, New York JACQUELINE I. HUOT 66 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal, P.Q., Canada HELEN M. JARES 7101 Shore Road Brooklyn, New York RITA L. JOHNSON 14 Hillside Avenue Middletown, New York SYLVIA KATZ 555 East 27th Street Paterson, New Jersey ESTHER C. MINER R.F.D. No. I Groton, Connecticut LUCY M. MURRAY 9 Elizabeth Street Port Jervis. New York A. NATHALIE McNAMARA 50 Grove Street Lynnfield, Massachusetts Box 143 ALMA M. NEUMANN 65-50 Forest Parkway Woodhaven, New York MARIE A. PETRILLI 3417 Laconia Avenue New York, New York VIVIAN J. ROSA 36 School Street Waterbury, Connecticut JANE C. ROSEN 192 Herzl Street Brooklyn, New York HELEN R. SANDOR 5 Brighton 10 Court Brooklyn, New York CHARLOTTE G. SHAPIRO 1241 50th Street Brooklyn, New York ESTHER D. SILAGYI c o Dr. Douglass P. Babbidge I Nevins Street Brooklyn, New York SYLVIA B. SLACHTER 7 Summer Street Derby, Connecticut MRS. CORA S. SOLOMON 210 Main Street Poughkeepsie, New York PATRICIA A. STANTON 765 Riverside Drive New York, New York GERTRUDE M. TEITELMAN 578 Winthrop Avenue New Haven, Connecticut CHARLOTTE G. WOOLLEY Northville New Milford, Connecticut APPRECIATION The staff wishes to thank U. S. Camera for permission to reproduce Frederick Shepherd ' s photograph. To Arvid Kantor of MAJESTIC ENGRAV- ING COMPANY and to Sylvia Rosen of the COMET PRESS, the editor owes deep apprecia- tion for their assistance in layout and typography. % . A MODERN WITH SUPP LEE c O Go. Modern with Supp- lee is to Go Modern safely, for behind each new material and process advocated, stand 39 years of experience and the Supplee Guarantee of satisfaction. THE SUPPLEE Torque-Resisting PORCELAIN BRIDGE DORCELAIN fixed bridges by Supplee can now be made so strong that you are free from the danger of breakage that has barred the construction of these most beautiful and hygienic restorations. The Supplee TICONIUM-LENICROM-LUXENE Combination Denture TICONIUM — truly modern cast partials. Strong, resi- lient, non-corroding with cast or wrought wire clasps. LENICROM — an ideal metal for swaged bases or wire skeletons. LUXENE — the most beautiful and artistic means of at- taching teeth where resorption is great. Let us send you descriptive literature on other restorations THE HOUSE OF SUPPLEE 17-19 UNION SQUARE NEW YORK Six Trunk Lines ALgonquin 4-7470 With the Appreciation of the Purchasing Department C% 6ce l L- find a pleasure in referring friends to their dentist, and it is sound business practice to view every desirable patient that enters your office as a potential source of contact with equally desirable accounts. Make these references easy for your patients and without apology for the first impressions of your office. It isn ' t necessary to create a burden- some overhead in making a new equipment in- stallation. For a very moderate cost, you can install an S. S. White C or E Type Unit and a Diamond Chair. The dignity and efficiency ex- pressed by these will make your office inviting, reassuring, and proclaim the up-to-date reliable service that you are certainly capable of rendering. Moreover, they will permit you to com- mence practice with new, trouble-free equipment — let you experience the joy of first ownership and the inspiration that only new equipment can give. Make it a point to see a demonstration of the S. S. White C and E Type Units and remember that the most simplified S. S. White Unit can be easily built into a senior unit as the practice permits. OUR O-FflOE PLANNING SERVICE IS -FR€€ Without incurring any obligation whatsoever on your part, you can have the services of our office planning depart- ment. Ask your dealer about this service, also about our liberal, deferred payment plans, or, write direct. THE S.S.WHITE DENTAL MFG. CO. 211 SOUTH 12th STREET, PHILADELPHIA, PA. Waite X-ray Equipment In the J anguard for Over Half a Century 1879-1937 Established in 1879, the Waite organi- zation never engaged in mass produc- tion nor in extensive publicity. Rather it catered to the individual require- ments of distinguished and discriminat- ing Dentists and Roentgenologists. Through its noteworthy achievements, it has greatly influenced the trend of modern x-ray apparatus design, partic- ularly with its basic inventions to make equipment Shockproof andTrouble Free. Recently, with the enlarged resources and facilities of the Picker-Waite organ- izations, these benefits of more than half a century of research have been placed within the reach of all. The most scientific Dental unit ever offered, this machine delivers a range of radiographic service, unprecedented in its detail and bril- liance and unmatched in its diagnostic quality. Write for descriptive literature. WAITE BARTLETT X-RAY MFG. CO., Inc, 300 FOURTH AVENUE NEW YORK, N. Y. WW DENTSPLY DEPOT IS AT YOUR SERVICE.... Ni EW layout, new conveniences and new facilities for fast service ! A modern depot, geared to speed the busy dentist on his way, yet an inviting haven for those who like to look around. Now, yovi of the Class of ' 37 will be particularly in- terested in our new Office-Planning and Equipment De- partment. Come in, see the latest ideas in modern equipment and modern offices, and discuss your plans with our office-planning specialists. But it won ' t be long before you will be looking for depot service. Then remember — Dentsply ' s vast stocks of teeth, instruments, operating supplies and golds are just at the other end of your ' phone. Remember, too, that wherever you are in the Metro- politan Area, Dentsply ' s fast messengers pass your door one to five times a day. That ' s Dentsply Service. Write for our Time-Table of Deliveries © NEW TRUBYTE TRUBYTE TRUBRIDGE (Tube) TEETH SOLILA ' The Teeth that Make the Denture ' DENTSPLY DEPOT THE DENTISTS ' SUPPLY COMPANY OF NEW YORK ENTIRE FIFTEENTH FLOOR — 220 WEST 42nd STREET Phones: Wisconsin 7 — 9080-1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9 SOON, THE PORTALS OF A NEW ERA WILL BE OPEN TO YOU . - . . . . An Era of Professional Service to Mankind ! Success or failure awaits you . . . success which will be measured by your willingness to accept certain fun- damental principles of Professional procedure and management. The Weber Company wants to help you understand what those principles are and how they may be applied suc- cessfully. Besides making for your use a fine line of dental equipment, fairly priced, we can help you with your office location analysis, office planning and decorating. We can help you to finance your initial pur- chase of equipment and we can help you with your early mechanical office problems — plumbing, wiring, sign lettering, etc. When you purchase Weber equip- ment, you are provided with one of the most comprehensive courses on Dental Office Management ever com- piled, introducing a new service deal- ing with bookkeeping forms ; office management; duties of the assistant and hygienist ; contracting and pre- senting all classes of dental service; radiography and all phases of its use; suggested letter forms for all neces- sary professional correspondence, etc. No charge is made for this service. Weber equipment is sold by selected, responsible dental dealers every- where. Learn the truth about it before makinr your final decision to but;. THE WEBER DENTAL MFG. CO. CANTON -OHIO EXPORT DEPARTMENT, 149 BROADWAY, NEW YORK CITY PYCOPE Tooth Powder with its Sodium Chloride — Soda Bicarbonate base and a PYCOPE Tooth Brush, small, rigid and correctly designed, will help your patient to maintain a high degree of mouth health. Teach each patient inter-dental brushing with our brush and effective dentifrice and you will be happy and satisfied with the result. Please write for your sample so that you may person- ally use this combination. PYCOPE Inc. 130 WEST 42nd STREET NEW YORK CITY Wisconsin 7-6576 Millions in fluid cash will flow into Brooklyn during the World ' s Fair now in preparation. Here is your future! Cross the bridge to Brooklyn — the City of Homes! Call on F F— the friendly depot. Let us help you find your location or a salaried posi- tion. We know every block in Brooklyn and Queens — every spot on Long Island where dentistry can be prac- ticed at a profit. 3Faw£©tt S c3fewcettji c 435 FtiltoivSt., Blclt)rv,N. : Junction Fulton, Jay Smith Streets Entrance on Jay Street INVEST WHERE YOUR DOLLAR BRINGS YOU MOST Be hard headed about your equipment investment. Where does your dollar bring you most? What manufacturer does most to make your professional life successful? Check the Five Point Ritter Plus Value offer — then compare — 1. Ritter Equipment. Electrical and Mechanical per- fection plus beauty and long life, make 80% of the pro- fession choose Ritter when equipping their dental offices. 2. Ritter Practice Building Service. Here is practical, valuable assistance in building an efficient, profitable prac- tice. Let the combined experiences of thousands of success- ful dentists answer your problems. 3. Ritter Statistical Department. Here arc facts and figures on population, purchasing power, opportunities for specialized practice, etc., of invaluable help to you. Predetermine your success by choosing the proper location. 4. Ritter Architectural Planning Department. Here is the same practical advice that has designed over 30,000 efficient dental offices. This department, iinest of its kind, will take care of every detail of office planning. 5. Ritter Deferred Payment Plan. Here is the utmost in cooperation for those about to start in practice. Small payments in monthly installments over a period as long as three years. For details, consult your Ritter dealer. TAKE THE FIRST STEP to planned profes- sional success by utilizing the Ritter Plus Value Services. RITTER DENTAL MANUFACTURING CO., INC., Ritter Park, ROCHESTER, N. Y. i887-Ri Iter -1937 Fifty Years of Progress BUY EQUIPMENT In Terms of Tomorrow When you invest in new equipment, don ' t forget to figure the divi- dends that come from years of trouble-free operation. A location carefully selected — an office properly planned, and an equipment efficiently installed, make the first cost the ultimate cost. Choose a Melrose Installation — we are agents for all standard makes of equipment and supplies of quality. MELROSE DENTAL DEPOT, Inc. Grand Central Zone Liggett Bldg. 41 EAST 42nd STREET cor. Madison Ave. Dial VAnderbilt 3-4043 BLUE ISLAND SPECIALTY COMPANY Manufacturers of BISCO PRODUCTS BURS BANDS SHELLS IMPRESSION TRAYS INSTRUMENTS MOUNTED POINTS STONES ORTHODONTIA APPLIANCES SUPPLIES Write for Price Lists BLUE ISLAND SPECIALTY COMPANY BLUE ISLAND. ILLINOIS T A K A M I N E BAMBOO HANDLE TOOTH BRUSHES STANDARD 2 ROW INTERDENTAL 3 ROW INTERDENTAL SALLIE TAKAMINE CORPORATION 132 FRONT STREET New York City, N. Y. Ritter quality is the highest in Ritter history and prices lower than they have been in years. Their recent achievements are marvels of com- pleteness in every detail. This, plus General Dental service, which for thirty years has satisfactorily served thousands of dentists is your assurance of getting off to a good start. HERE IS A TYPICAL OFFICE planned - - supervised - - and equipped GENERAL DENTAL SUPPLY CO., Inc. 19 UNION SQUARE WEST New York, N. Y. 39 I East I 49th Street Bronx Depot VALE CLASS OF 1937 The Book Store appreciates your cooperation during your stay at the Medical Center. MEDICAL CENTER BOOK STORE COLLEGE of PHYSICIANS and SURGEONS 630 West 1 68th Street New York City WAdsworth 3-2500 - - - Extension 7265 V7 ' OU are cordially invited to visit Nu- - ■ dent Porcelain Studio and see how- modern porcelain restorations are con- structed. Let us show you our various types of porcelain jackets and bridges, offering a practical and truly esthetic solution for any restorative problem which may present. When a bridge is indicated Consult Nu-dent first. Our planning service is at your service. Nil DENT, INC. Porcelain Restorations Exclusively Paramount Building New York, N. Y. Phone: LAckawanna 4-3591, 3592 - m cdx PKACIICt Jf J M jde| ..£.. IH The Oil -Immersed III | Dental X- Ray Unit Y - III lHjt Electrically I 1 ■ i : • Your patients cannot fail to ap- ! predate more fully your modern J TOi methods of dental surgery when W(jf± r - supplemented by routine use of B jj the x-ray. l f H This wall-mounted G-E unit is ' Hp|H your means of obtaining for each ■ tV patient the far-reaching benefits K fl of x-ray diagnosis. It is an indi- I B B cation of progress and an assur- w j ance to your patients of a better v professional service. V. GENERAL ® ELECTRIC X-RAY CORPORATION ioiijicii«n  ive. chicaoo. iuhoh FLECKS CEMENT . . . is impervious to the fluids of the mouth, and resists the inroads of those destructive elements ever present in the oral cavity. BEST by TEST MIZZY, INC. Manufacturers 105-107 East 16th Street, New York COLUMBIA READY-MADE STONE MODEL BASES Made in 5 standard sizes A REAL incentive to use study models, be- cause they make the making of present- able study models easy. Just pour in plaster and mount the anato- mical casts. No forming, no grinding; the casts occlude automatically. Study models let patients see their mouths as you see them. Use study models as regularly as you do X-rays • Send 20c in stamps for a sample set — upper and lower Literature on request • COLUMBIA DENTAL X-RAY CORP. The House of a Thousand Models 131 E. 23rd Street New York, N. Y. We offer a competent laboratory service, — embracing every phase of dental prosthesis, — complete in every detail, — dependable for quality, -ADAPTABLE TO THE INDIVIDUAL NEEDS OF EACH DENTIST ' S PRACTICE. BORGSTROM ANDERSON Dental Technicians 1514 Paramount Bldg. PEnnsylvania 6-7633 - 7634 - 7635 1501 BROADWAY New York City naiEEEzaEn Ji ' mttii ' lUiM] 2 Ha L 2ilJ.I:lJJl ' M!H!m v v Aw.m and for the utmost in quality, value and dependability, specify the products of THE J. M NEY COMPANY HARTFORD NEW YORK You see in this picture the means that hundreds of graduates have used to be- gin their professional careers. This is Rubinstein Rebuilt Equipment. It has the smartness and impressiveness of new equipment, although it is much lower in cost. PICTURE OF AN OUTFIT YOU CAN AFFORD . . . because it is rebuilt Rebuilt equipment enables you to out- fit your first office completely, down to the last accessory, and still not saddle yourself with an unmanageable burden. Come up soon. Let us offer, in person, our congratulations and good wishes and if you wish the benefit of our experience. RUBINSTEIN DENTAL EQUIPMENT CO. Headquarters for Rebuilt Equipment 141 - 147 FIFTH AVENUE Cor. 21st Street, N.Y.C. ALgonquin 4 — 5626-5627-5629 Pure Rubber Ligatures tor Orthodontia All Sizes Carried in Stock ROLLE RUBBER COMPANY NEW YORK CHICAGO 296 Broadway 434 S. Dearborn St. Compliments of The E. J. McCORMICK RUBBER CO., Inc. Manufacturers of Dependable Denial Rubber For Over Half a Century Dental Impression Plaster. Dental Model Plaster, Dental Stone. Italian Pumice, etc. KNICKERBOCKER PLASTER CO., Inc. 613 West 46th St. New York City POLORIS DENTAL POULTICE — Starts counteraction before reaction sets in and so minimizes pain. POLORIS TABLETS — Relieves pain and nervous tension associated with pain after tooth extraction, headaches, head colds, neuralgia, functional periodic pain and dis- comfort peculiar to women. PRESCRIBE THESE TWO SUPERIOR DEN- TAL PRODUCTS TOGETHER - THE IDEAL COMBINATION TREATMENT. POLORIS COMPANY, Inc. Established 1915 Congratulations, Class of 1937! We cordially invite you to visit our laboratory to see trained technicians with the most modern equipment carrying out the highest ideals of prosthetic constructions. ZILINSKI STERNBERG, Inc. Technicians to Discriminating Dentists 114 W. 44 St. New York City BRvant 9-4243 HOW TO ATTRACT PATIENTS is a problem we have helped denial graduates solve success- fully for a period of over 25 years. The first thing to consider Is your new office. The layout, the color scheme, the equip- ment with which it is furnished . . . these are things that Guterman is well experienced to plan and execute. FREE OFFICE PLANNING SERVICE Our Planning Department cooperates with you at absolutely no cost or obligation, in planning your office efficiently and economically. They will suggest only those things which you actually need, and effect every possible economy in the in- stallation of your equipment. We are exhibiting in our individual Display Rooms the full equipment of all manufacturers: Ritter - S. S. White - Weber - General Electric, etc. And of course, every well-known brand of supplies. Your office isn ' t only for today, but for many years to come — so before you decide, see Guterman. DEFERRED PAYMENT PLAN Consult us on our no down payment plan, in addition to which you may take up to 36 months to pay. A confidential arrangement adapted to your Individual need. The Dental Shoivplace of New York GUTERMAN DENTAL SUPPLY CO. 5!5 MADISON AVENUE Cor. 53rd Street Branch: 203 EAST 23rd STREET NEW YORK CITY Make your office a modern, up-to-date place which gives patients an impression of progressive technique. You can do this by planning your office around one of the new AMERICAN Cabinets . . . like the No. 144 cabinet shown here. THE AMERICAN CABINET CO. Two Rivers. Wisconsin C rnrnJucam DENTAL CABINETS 1 our Photographic Headquarters Only 60 Seconds FROM THE MEDICAL CENTER PORTRAIT STUDIO PICTURE FRAMING QUALITY DEVELOPING. PRINTING and ENLARGING Motion Picture Equipment Miniature Cameras No More Long Trips Downtown! We Can Fill Your Needs at Prices That Are Right MEDICAL CENTER Camera Shop 4015 BROADWAY I Between 168th and 169th Streets) 1 Fine Photographs at Fair Prices IF YOUR PHOTO APPEARS IN THIS BOOK, YOU ARE URGED TO SEND US YOUR ORDER FOR ADDITIONAL PORTRAITS NOW .... AT OUR SPECIAL SCHOOL RATES APEDA STUDIO, INC. 212 WEST 48th STREET . New York Ci+y Tel. CHickering 4-3960 Thi Comet Press, Brooklyn, New York Mto COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES 0064260798 , -  . ■ ■ ■