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Page 52 text:
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'-yfg, I ,t- ,...A.T.T,T1T , . f . '- Y - A - - i-- --Y '-- f--ii- The U. S. Navy's Operation Deep Freeze supports scienti- fic studies in the Antarctic with one of the longest and most complex supply operations in the world. Here is the notorious Nineteen Mile Ship. That's how long the USNS Pvt. John R. Towle will have to be in order to hold all the cargo the various units are waiting for. The van being swung over the side was designed in Washington, D.C., built in Calgary, Alberta, put aboard the ship at the Deep Freeze base in Davisville, R.l., and flown from McMurdo to the re motest part of Antarctica. ln spite of modern transport methods, men are as vital to the operation as they were when the early explorers man-hauled their heavy sledges 60 years ago. The van is set on the ice, instead of the quay, so that it can be pulled four miles to the snow runway by a heavy D-8 tractor. The Navy's summer support of the year-round scientific program sponsored by the National Science Foundation requires that all ships and aircraft converge in the Antarctic at precisely the right moment, with the right instruments and materials. The ship shown here has sailed many thousands of miles, making only one round trip per season to furnish the supplies necessary to back up ventures far out on the ice. ix l l i..-E
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Page 53 text:
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A typical day in the Antarctic, with a partial white-out condition. lf the wind were to pick up a little more, blowing snow would obscure the skiway and the Strip would be down or non-operational. Lockheed-Georgia's LC-130 Hercules has revolutionized exploration in the Antarctic. ln spite of its weight and the amount of cargo it carries, it can drop onto an unpre- pared snow surface as lightly as a bird. It can get off the ground in 30 seconds and land, if necessary, within 2,500 feet. lts turbine-powered engines have no trouble in cold, thin air, and with a pressurized cabin it cruises at over 30,000 feet, out of reach of the highest mountains. Vehicles are flown out to the area ofa scientific investi- gation and either left there in the almost rust-free air or returned to McMurdo for overhaul. The Herc also brings food, fuel, spare parts, and mail to the scientists and Navymen. Thus the scientist canflydownfrom the United States in October and have a whole summer season of four months in the field before leaving in February. The flexibility of this arrangement is far greater than the old system where the scientist could cover only a few miles on the surface, laboriously, having to consider every pound carefully. Byrd Station and the South Pole have become staging areas, from which the Hercs re- supply stations or field parties. From Byrd, they are within reasonable distance of Eights, Ellsworth, Camp Minnesota, and the Horlick and Pensacola Mountains. From Pole, they supply Plateau and the Queen Maud Land traverse.
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