Broward Community College - Silver Sands Yearbook (Fort Lauderdale, FL)

Text from Pages 1 - 188 of the 1973 volume:

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J... 4 V 51.5.1 ag .2-2 '. . f SILVER SAN BROWARD COMMUNITY COLLEGE FORT LAUDERDALE, FLORIDA ln Preservation Of Dolphins' Rights 2 Playing A Tune For A Nuinber Scott Herrick: World Traveler, Adventurer 56' Conventions 67 1973 Fiddler On the Roof 8 I 5' 0 l by Ruth Lantzy Dolphins. What do you think of when someone me iq dolphins? Like many people you probably think of the cute wal hi dance across the water or leap for fish at oceanaria Iii tl Miami Seaquarium or Fort Lauderdale's Ocean World. Pi a you think of their communicative abilities or because o hi reputed high intelligence you even think of them as: in related to humans. More likely the first thing that cor your mind is the Flipper television series. i Have you ever invisioned a dolphin just swimming free itl ocean, doing what dolphins do best... being dolphinsz Probably not, but this isn't your fault. l Dolphins have been presented to the public primarily uni entertainment level. They are placed in the categoryiiiii performing dogs, chimpanzees and horses that tall A television audiences. ln the entertainment media, acco-iii to Dr. John C. Lilly who has done extensive study dolphins, they are equivalent to good-boy type dogs siiql to Lassie. Dolphins are extraordinary animals but perhaps man vwi, benefit more if he tried to learn more about dolphins ineisi ll Il l of teaching them how to be human. vi 'l l . l Ric O'Feldman, director of the Dolphin Project, is I Dr. Henry M. Truby, president of the Dolphin Project, believes in determined td Create a new aiternative fd, ddinnins X preservation of the dolphin and other endangered species through beydnda Cant-i,,e.L-ani-di relationship. edu ca ting the public. In Preservation Of Dolphins' Rights - 2 All f as - ' - Q .Y I .qnap 'Q ., - J . 'l,, pv- 4 132+ ' du,3'l..:i' N N A f. mah fy-fxifrff ia World Dolphin Foundation is currently involved with the phin Project, a project designed to do just that, learn more ,ut the dolphin and provide an opportunity for people to lerve the dolphin in its natural environment. L 5 O'Feldman, director of the Dolphin Project who worked he Seaquarium for 10 years, noted that all the scientific wledge about the dolphin has been gained through the y of dolphins in captivity. There is no place that does entific study on dolphins in their natural state, he added. lbecame tired of seeing them in captivity, he explained. seems like the natural evolutionary thing to do is to get 'ond a captive-captor relationship and create a new ernative. ating a new alternative is the primary goal of the Dolphin lject. i 'eldman explained that they want to study how dolphins ', the dolphins' family structure and the dolphins' migratory IIIS. 'ziated about three years ago, the foundation is dedicated lprotecting, preserving and understanding all forms of life, Henry M. Truby of Miami, the foundation's president ed. The ecological foundation's ultimate goal, according Truby, is to preserve the dolphin and any other endangered cies, by establishing methods for their preservation and cating the public. need to influence the public's eco-attitude, Truby said. need to stop the drain of natural resources. We may be to raise dolphins, but they won't be able to exist in their ral state. The habits of man are making it increasingly e difficult for natural resources to survive, he added. lphins have survived all onslaughts of nature...except ,H he claims. They won't survive man's persistent elty. e dolphin, a member of the family Delphindae which is wprised of 22 genera and 55 species, is an air breathing, k giving, warm blooded mammal. Dolphins also belong a larger group of sea mammals, cetacean, a unit of the nmalian order which includes whales, porpoises as well as hins. Like its relative, the whale, the dolphin is also atened with extinction. h advancements in recent years in fishing technology, s estimated that 500,000 dolphins are drowned every year the Pacific Ocean in purse-seine nets employed by the US a fishing industry while several species are threatened with inction. in Aristotle's time, tuna fishermen today still use dolphins to locate and follow schools of tuna, Truby explained. When a helicopter spots dolphins surfacing for air it radios the ship which releases a purse-seine net, which measures 15 miles in length and not only entraps the tuna but also entraps at the same time as many as 2000 dolphins. After being netted, it is reported that the dolphins usually swim frantically about in a desperate effort to escape. In one corner of the net they huddle together singing while those that instinctively sound or dive to the bottom usually become ensnared in the meshing. Unable to surface for air, they drown. Other dolphins become so frightened that they go into a state of shock and drown also. Since they will not generally abandon their young or desert another dolphin that seems to be in danger, the rest make little attempt to escape. As a result, in the Pacific Ocean schools of dolphins are decreasing in size and number at an alarming rate. Dr. Truby explained that federal legislation has been passed providing for a 15 year moratorium against the intentional killing of sea mammals. However, he added that the tuna fishing industry claims it isn't intentionally killing dolphins. So it comes down to a question of whose intent. You lthe tuna fishing industryl don't plan it, but you kill them, he said. l would like to see an entire generation educated where they wouldn't kill anything, if you could influence an entire generation, the general attitude of mankind would improve, he noted. People need to be educated to respect life, he added. One objective of the Dolphin Project is to initiate a change in the zoo concept. According to Truby, people are deluded to see everything that they see in an exhibit. They are less concerned to see animals do what they do best. They want to see animals do what people do best. As an example, he cited that dogs do the things that dogs do just great. lt isn't natural for a dog to wear clothes, jump through hoops and beg for his food. Those are things that people do. lt's time people stopped thinking of the dolphins as some kind of 'human'. They're not. They're dolphins. Dr. Truby noted that oceanaria are doing a fine job by simple enabling people to see fish, but the foundation hopes to do more. The Dolphin project wants to accommodate a better exhibit in an outdoor natural situation. By initiating a new zoo concept, O'Feldman explained, they hope to set an example of what can be done with the dolphins. Currently located on Mashta Island on Key Biscayne, the Dolphin Project, which operates on donations and with the aid of 20 volunteers, has two small dolphins, each weighing about 200 pounds, in a one and a half acre lagoon which opens into the sea. Unlike themethods used at oceanaria where dolphins are fed and then expected to perform, the two dolphins, Liberty, the male, and Florida, the female, just eat . . . five times a day. Their diet consists of ten pounds of Spanish mackeral a day. When they're not eating, they're playing. They don't do much work, it's pretty much all play, Roger Stephens, one of the two night watchmen at the project, asserted. But even this location is not suitable for their plans because the water isn't sufficiently clear to enable them to study the dolphins, O'FeIdman noted. For this reason, the project will be relocated to Buck lsland National Park at St. Croix in the Virgin Islands in about a year. Described by O'Feldman as a Seaquarium without dolphins, they will be supplying the necessary ingredients to the park. This will be a perfect situation for scientists and students to study dolphins in their natural environment because the water is very clear, he added. Dr. Trudy described the optimal lagoon as an entire bay where the dolphins could live but not leave. We want to provide a lagoon large enough for a realistic natural environment because we have to restrict the dolphins to that area to protect them from hunters, pollution, kooks and other animals that would endanger them, Trudy noted. In addition to the dolphin research station, the 250 member foundation wants to initiate the necessary legislation that would stop people from hunting dolphins in Biscayne Bay. Dr. Truby noted that only one species of dolphin is native to Florida, Tursiops truncatus, familiar to most people as the Bottlenose dolphin. This is the dolphin which performs at oceanaria throughout the world, and appears on television and in motion pictures. Although there aren't many Bottlenose dolphin left in Biscayne Bay, according to Truby, there is a small number in there. lf the fishermen left them alone the dolphins would restock themselves in the bay, he added. The fisherman, some of which are professional dolphin hunters, O'Feldman noted, obtain permits from Tallahassee to hunt the Bottlenose Dolphin, which are later taken to Europe for use in oceanaria, and sold to private conce well as to the US Navy. Although Tallahassee has declared Biscayne Bay pol O'Feldman maintains that there is a large amount of and animal life in the bay. I don't think the water pollution harms dolphins, but -i air pollution is bad it could be harmful because air is A right into dolphins' lungs, he added. ' Truby explained that dolphins, employed by the US if are being trained reportedly to carry knives to kill ei frogmen off Vietnam and they are also being trained to explosives. He noted that in general dolphins have a good understaa of people's intentions. These dolphins are probably tri to believe that what they're doing is fun or a joke, he ai He explained that the dolphins are being trained at thi Navy Undersea Warfare School located at Point Ml California. People should know about it, they're using our money added. From working with dolphins, l don't see how it cou done, O'Feldman, who was a diver in the Navy, said. not sure, but if they do this, they must use drugs witl dolphins. lt would be easy to do with drugs, he si When they're not eating, they're playing. They don't do much says Roger Stephens, night watchman at the Dolphin Project. pm-'Swv 'lphins don't get hostile, he explained. l've never seen ostile dolphin. riey are very conscious animals, he noted. They are oably the most conscious and highly evolved animal in the ii BD. :phins have a superior echo-ranging device similar to sonar, by explained. He knows where he is and what's around at all times. As a result, a dolphin is never in a dangerous . II lation, he added. Cause of this device he is practically guaranteed his l tence, Truby noted. lean life is rough. The majority of dolphins are 'roughing ll the time, he explained. I suppose the life span of 1 lphin in its natural environment is at least 40 years, most lly more, he said. fever, he added that in captivity the life span of a dolphin ,ss than ten years. ii dolphins have been used on the Flipper television show now all of them are dead, he noted. lTruby, professor of linguistics at the University of lVliami, ked with dolphins in the area of communications for lO l's, which included work with Dr. John Lilly at the nmunication Research Institute in Coconut Grove. Man uses 6,000 different languages throughout the world, yet people can't get along in one language, he asserted. People NEED to know how to obtain food, water and a means to live. They don't need to know what is happening elsewhere. Dolphins communicate only the things necessary to live, not superflous ideas, he claims. Truby explained that the dolphin which has a hearing ability 10 times higher than man's hearing, has four methods of communication, including sonar and three techniques of vocalization which can be used under water as well as in the 3ll'. The three methods of vocalization are whistles and click train, both used by dolphins to communicate with other nearby dolphins, and humanoids, a term invented by Dr. Lilly which describes the dolphins' imitative vocalizations of human language. I don't think the dolphin can learn human language because he has no incentive to learn it and lacks the necessary equipment to learn the language, Dr. Truby claims. The dolphin doesn't learn, he mimicks. lf he learns, why would he choose English? Why wouldn't he choose to learn dolphinese or whaIese? he added. Dolphins. What do you think of when someone mentions dolphins now? xg - ,.... H Q f , ,,,. --5, sv r- , evil' V'---gr, J.. . W e , L . 1 ua 111.1-1 Y ,,,,,,,.. e -gulf' :H l . QF x 1 i jf-F' i -, d ,- ,v xi BIKE PATHS CN THE WAY to get to and from work, especially in the large cities that suffer from acute congestion. They have found it a pleasant alternative to the aggravating and expensive automobile commuting ritual. Also, many school children are dependent on the bicycle as a means of transportation. With the increased use of bicycles in Broward County and the rest of the United States, there has been a Surge in accidental injuries and deaths related to their use. Especially vulnerable in a collision because of the lack of protection for the rider, bicycles are not highly visible to the motorists at night, even with lights and typical reflectors on the bicycle. Cyclists, who have as much right to the road as the automobile and its driver, often suffer from the lack of respect given to them by motorists. On the other hand, because many cyclists are young and inexperienced, they are unaware that they must obey all the traffic regulations and signals that motorists must obey. The result is tragic in many cases, with injuries that could be avoided if provision was made for the bicycle within the structure of the city, both in terms of physical facilities and information programs designed to educate the motorist and cyclist to their respective responsibilities. Broward Community College is a stronghold of bicycle transport. Just recently, BCC has constructed an elaborate network of pedestrian or by Debbie Dishman bicycle paths connecting all parts of the campus. However, there are no bike pathways, as of now, along State Road 84 to provide for the college bicyclists a safe passage with minimum conflict to the motorized public. On streets, such as State Road 84, having speed limits in excess of 45 miles an hour, a separate Bicycle Safety Trail facility, adequately protected from motorized vehicles should be provided. These Bicycle Safety Trails must be sufficiently wide so that motorized vehicular traffic can be excluded from the designated lane. A step in this direction is being taken by the Florida Department of Transportation lFDOTl. Under a new project called The State Road 84 Improvement Project, they are extending 84 from University Drive to Andytown into a four-lane highway. The FDOT has decided to include a bicycle path as an integral part of the transportation network. Having reached an agreement with the Central and Southern Florida Flood Control District, they plan on building a bicycle trail along their canal bank that parallels State Road 84, intersecting Markham Park. James B. Earle, an environmental specialist from the FDOT, says that bicycle paths are being constructed in urban areas wherever a bicycle trail is feasible and logical. However, a bike path from Fort Lauderdale to the college would prove to be one of particularly high use. With these words Tevye, the milkman from Anatevka, greets his audience in the Prologue to Act l of Joseph Stein's Fiddler on the Roof. And an ironic greeting it is considering those weeks of rehearsal during Term l before opening night: Fiddler at BCC? If not crazy, then extremely difficult for sure. The decision to produce Fiddler was made last summer. Jimmy O. Woodle, chairman of the Division of Fine Arts, said of BCC President, Dr. Hugh Adams: lf he had not thought it worthwhile, even knowing we probably wouldn't make all that money back, it would never have gotten off the ground. Then it was learned that Parker Playhouse would be unavailable for the production. Considering their respective seating capacities, a weekend run at Parker would have to be replaced by 10 public performances at the Central Campus Lecture Theater, plus a special performance for Dr. Adams and his invited guests. Also, this arrangement would make it uunfeasiblen to contract a name to play Tevye, according to Darlene Williams, director of the Cultural Affairs Office. However, as far as contracting a name, or casting in general goes, few would quarrel with the results of two nights of auditions. Miguel E. Dieppa llvlickeyl gave a portrayal of the 50-ish dairyman that did not belie his 17 years. Mickey is a student of Nova High School. And BCC music major A f H ler on the ooli ,ounds crazy, no? Barb Geller made her acting debut as Golde with a performance that far surpassed respectable. The efforts of all concerned were awarded standing ovations throughout the public run. Tevye's daughters were personified in Christie Dahmen, Pamela Barth, Sandy Jenkins, Dana Jacobs, and Debra Budakiewicz las Tzeitel, Hodel, Chava, Shprintze, Bielke respectively.l For those who thought that the talents of George V. Kovach and Josephine Adragna were confined to music, a special surprise came with their interpretations of their characters lLazar-Wolf, the butcher, and Yente, the matchmakerl. Steve Nlarland was the radical student, Perchik, while Frank E. Johnson, Jr. became the young Russian who Gar Hogan V 4,5 1: marries into the family lbut not I its open armsl. And Maria Nlarrero made a me green Fruma-Sarah. However, Anatevka came alive thro i its villagers, in the persons of ll chorus. For it is through them that story is carried, it is through th spirit, collectively and as indivldu that the related episodes become almost tangible part of life in fl almost real village. lAnd Grandma Tzeitel had alwaysf that two people who deserve a gr deal of credit are Patricia Noel w did the Chaveleh Dance and G Slifka, who had the job of pUShI Granny around stage on her tomb to mention Chuck Urig who hidden under Fruma-Sarhs skirts.l And in mentioning the stage, consi the Lecture Theater lor Lect Theatre, or Little Theater, -rel for moment. It seats 195 legally lbut capacity for 20 more, in the aisle has a ceiling three feet too low allow. flying scenery between scen and has no orchestra pit. This last problem was solved with t help of the staff at Audio-Visual. T orchestra of 20-25 musicians w squeezed backstage and into t workshop area, and was conducted v alternate nights by either Woodle - Thomas J. Cole, head of t department of music. To t conductor's right was a televisi camera set between two closed circu f 's ca ii wi .M i 1 I - ii in i n by Julie Cal d ii il i, li - ii I. l ' Ai . 'l l ' l li . ii .ll l 'i l i ! i l Miss Mullikin continued that zoo one of which showed the action age llivell as photographed by era in the light booth. The other ed a close-up of the conductor eason for that little cameral. This :ie image that those on stage saw ie televisions set up under the oam-covered wall at the edge of Jron. There were also two larger n either wing for songs sung off And so it was that the actors to be cued - without an stra pit. and at times manned the box office. And even with a cast of over 40 there was some doubling up of actors and singers. For example, in Act I Joe Accomando was a Jewish son in the Prologue, the high Russian tenor in Scene Four, a Jewish musician in Scene Seven, a Russian soldier in Scene Eight, and a Jewish musician in Scene Four Nine. of the Russian dancers grew in--2, my O. Woodle, chairman of the Division of Fine Arts Mildred B. Mullikin and Mrs. s Ullivarri were dramatic ,ors for Fiddler on the Roof, y O. Woodle and Thomas J. Cole musical directors, and Miss ira Rassel was choreographer. h Cappello lassistant technical :or to Richard M. Rose, ll, and mer choreographeri also helped ge the dance numbers, in Miss l's absence. And that, as anyone led will agree, is an awful lot of 5, even for a Fine Arts Division iction. ne Williams and the Cultural rs Office became involved with roduction when it was decided to cize Fiddler along with the Artist 5 through the mailing list. That 2 handled tickets, some publicity, beards and became Jewish bottle dancers, all in Scenes Five-Eight, Miss Rassel commented that although most of the men were non-dancers, many had atheletic or gymnastic experience and they were very hard working people. They weren't put off by anything, The Russian dances, by the way, were primarily a collection of folk steps, the bottle dance is a Jewish folk dance, and the wedding dance was simply a polka. Mrs. Ullivarri had said that we might have tried to do too much in too little time. lFiddler at BCC rehearsed only six weeks, most professional companies rehearse a musical for several months before opening.i However, both she and Miss Mullikin agree that since a musical does not necessarily afford drama students an opportunity to perform it was necessary to do two productions for Term I. little emphasis is put upon the academic aspect of college theater.She said that there are two main reasons for drama at BCC: to provide a showcase that the public regards as 'Good Theater,' and to teach the little adorable, irascible individuals which provide our purpose for being here, while we're rehearsing, we're teaching. Of course, there were still problems. The orchestra was composed of members of the Broward Symphony Orchestra, many of them nonastudents. Because of conflicting schedules, they were only able to rehearse as a group four times before opening night. And a special word about Irene Horzepa, who not only served as piano accompanist for most of the rehearsals, but was called upon to play the accordion parts of the score throughout the performance run. An electric piano was used which sounded almost like a celeste. As for the play itself, Miss Mullikin considers it a play with music rather than a musical. llt is based on the play Tevia and His Daughters from the short stories of Sholom Aleichem.l Thomas J. Cole said Musically it's a good show, dramatically it's a good show, and added that he disagrees with those critics who say that a community college like BCC should not attempt a large scale musical, like Fiddler on the Roof. But somehow Fiddler did get off the ground, sometimes literally. For example, in Tevye's Dream which was almost a nightmare of accidents: handles broke, tombstones shattered, bedlamps fell, and pearls and purple fingernails flew across stage. lOh well. Crack a wheel, Fruma.l L'Chaim. ln... May the Lord protect and defend you. Tevye: You forgot my order N Photos by Peter Paige ia .4 had Without our traditions, our lives would be as shaky as... - as a fiddler on the roof y Y 5 JM x ' af ,1 1 9 Guam,-I ali 'Q Wflgfi ii I 'Q' N . 5 an .,1 ,2- N I Nc Il Bowen Brings Concerts With A Bong y Photos by Peter Paige Oakland Park Boulevard is saturn with businessmen who operate ougil rented offices and risky dreams. rl of those who has survived 'l hazardous process of finanr! extinction is a 28-year-old conili promoter, Rick Bowen. Bowen, who owns East Coast Concia and produces two hit rock groups, Q recently become an important namn the music industry around the couni Usually glued to the telephone in ig second story office, the promoterl already catapulted a threeman rci group into instant stardom al controls much of the concn presentations in this area. Last November, Silver Sands writ Bill Jacques and photographer Pell Paige spent a considerable amountl time interviewing Bowen both in ali out of his office. He is primarilyil businessman, Jacques tells i loading himself with responsibilit and gambling with incredible su l both financial and psychological Supplementing their office visits w backstage loafing, both Silver San staffers further observed and record the young businessman's activiti Here, they conversed with the play of the financial rock community a sought to understand Bowen's positi within the complicated hierarchy. lt is almost as if Bowen is introvert in a competitive a egotistical world of rock promotio Jacques says. He avoids associati his personal name with his shows, seems less anxious to socially inter with the performers and spectat than other promoters. What follows is a partially edi conversation between Bowen a Jacques. The promoterfprodu discusses the different facets of industry in which he's involved. Silver Sands: tick Bowen: 7il ver Sands: lick Bowen: Why not incorporate more local groups in your concerts and production activities? Well, the biggest problem that we have is that there are a number of record companies with whom we deal who would like for one reason or another to have us manage groups that they've already signed to the label. Basically, in the record industry, there's far more talent around than there are managers, backers, supporters. There are many more groups that record companies have signed who are very good and have a lot of talent, but they don't have all of the other things that it takes to make a group happen - like the managers, the money, the gigs, the direction, and the production, and all of those things. The record company can go and put a record out and, by some sort of a freak happening, the thing just takes off. What do you do with the ones that don't take off? Now, you ask why we did not get involved with local groups. Simply because there are enough of these types of groups that have already been signed by the labels that have records out whom we could manage if we wanted to, By virtue of our position with having a lot of concerts, we can put these groups on and get them exposed and therefore, do a good job of promoting the group, promoting the record, and making the whole thing happen. ls the promotion and direction that you people provide more important than the actual talent of the group? Unless it happens to be a fluke, ninety-eight percent of what happens is not generally because of talent, but because of the way it's promoted, the way it'spresented, and the way that it's handled in every manner of speaking. Realistically, from the way the manager of the group has a relationship with the president of the record company, on down. Silver Sands: Rick Bowen: Are the groups that make it the ones who realize this? Pretty much so. l'm not saying that we're in any great power position because we take our product and throw it out there, just like everybody else. But ours has a little better chance than some of the others simply because we're able to expose the groups. And whenever a group starts to happen, we're in a position to make it happen a little faster than the next guy because we're so broad within the concert business itself. That gives us a little headstart, a little bit of an advantage over most others. I mean, right now, if you were to come to me and you were to say, l've got this great new group for you to listen to. They're as good as the Rolling Stones, the Beatles, whatever, and I would go out and listen to them and, if in fact they were as good as the Rolling Stones, I would have to consider a number of things before I would say, OK, I want to manage your group. I want to produce your group. I want to take them into a studio and gamble producing a record for them and gamble that I can take it to a company and sell it. All of those things I could do for that group, but I would have to consider some very important things. Basically do I have the time for it? Can I devote the time that's going to be necessary to make this group happen and still maintain the relationships with the groups that I'm already involved in? Would I be slighting them, or is this such a good thing that I should jump right into it and take a chance on it? And my anwver to that would probably be 'no', because even as good as this group may be, their chances of making it are so remote, even with us pushing it, that I probably wouIdn't take it, Unless there were a few other things that were evident there. Silver Sands: Rick Bowen: Silver Sands: Flick Bowen: I-'Ili Like wha t? Number one, the group itself has got to just plain and simply have a lot of guts. I mean, they've got to live, eat, breathe, and sleep their music twenty-four hours a day. Theylve got to be willing to eat peanut butter and ketchup sandwiches for the next three years and take a chance. They've got to believe first of all in themselves and their music has to be the most important thing in their lives. They have to forsake their families, their personal wants, needs, and desires. They have to forsake all of that for music. Period. If they're not willing to do that, they're not going to make it in the business, because the competition is too tough to do it any other way. How did you get started with your two Capitol groups, Skylark and Bang? Skylark was already signed to the record company, they already had an album produced. The album was about a month away from release when we took over management of the group. lt's an outstanding group musically and itls an outstanding group performance-wise, but the group has a lot of chemistry problems within itself because there are a lot of great artists in the group. And when you put a lot of great artists in one band, you've got a lot of problems. I don't think an apology has to be made for itg thatls just sort of a fact of life with artists. Bang is a whole different trip exhibited that gutsiness and did an almost overwhelming way initially met them. When we Bang on, they didn t have a r deal or anything. I was doing a Stewart and Faces, Deep Purple Matthews Southern Comfort co at the Orlando Sports Stadium to the building very early in morning and I no sooner walked the office than these three kids walking into the office and Look, we re Bang. We Philadelphia. We drove all the down here and we want to pla this concert you re prom tonight I said, Well, you know, I have of people who would like to pla our concerts, but its impossible realize that. We already have groups on the show and they thi fool with you guys, you know split They said, Listen, man, we d fifteen hundred miles and we down here and we re just the band around and we want to pla that concert. Now, the least you do is let us audition for you out h You re already here They said, Alright, come out in minutes I went out into the arena and they a great big concert sound system had all their own equipment, a trailor that they carried all their in. They were all set up, ready to I heard them playg they played kind of music I like, raunchy gutty, hard rock stuff. They see to me to have a lot of potential was there to be developed wanted to make it more than other group of musicians that I laid my eyes on. I mean, they nothing for granted. They want make it in the worst way I I ,I I Il I I re I l I ll II N Il I -l sold out. I really don't have tim ll - I l ll . I ll so, I said, ok, i'li listen to I I ll ll ll l l. 'I Silver Sands.' R ick Bowen : Silver Sands: R ick Bowen: I invited them down to Ft. Lauderdale and in about four days, we went into the studio and started recording their first album. Then your mind was made up that first day in Orlando? Yeah, it pretty much was. It was a good match. We went in and recorded an album and we released it, and we put them on about sixty major concerts last year. They played with everybody from Alice Cooper to Rod Stewart. As a response to that, the album was overwhelmingly successful for a first album. lt was nearly one hundred thousand units. Who creates the music that goes on your albums? The groups come up with the basic idea of the song. They'll Say, Alright, this is the song that we have, here are the lyrics to it, this is the way we want to play it with these chords, and this kind of structure. Et cetera. We might lay it down on tape, and listen to it and I might say, OK, I like the basic things about it, or I might decide to throw it out altogether. Or, We're going to use those lyrics, but we're going to build a different song around it. Or l might add an intro onto it or put a guitar ride in the middle that didn't happen to be there when they originally gave me what they thought the basic song Silver San ds: Rick Bowen: was going to be. It's a collaboration of ideas, but basically we rearrange the songs the way that we think they should be. Now, the first album lBang'sl is geared toward a definite Black Sabbath sort of sound. We tried to get into that type of music. They're hard driving, strong lyrical type songs that don't really take you on a musical trip. But it wasn't that way just because we let it be that way. When the album was recorded, that's what a lot of kids were really into. Kids were going out, dropping speed, sitting back, and listening to the same C, F, and G chords thirty-six times. That's really what they wanted. Now, the second album is a lot different from that. The group's got a lot of musical talent, it is versatile, and all this comes through on the second album. We had more time to do this album lentitled Mother Bow to the Kingul and we decided we wanted to do a better musical album because we wanted to broaden the base of appeal this group has. So, there are acoustic guitars in it, there are even strings in it, it's arranged and the songs take you off slowly to a peak and then let you down. I mean, they are musically constructed correctly. The first album was not that way. But it wasn't that way just because we let it be that way. It was that way because we were trying to create a specific item. Who has the control over these decisionsg how much say does the group have in your creation? The group doesn't just sit down and I say, Here's a set of chants. OK, this is what I want you guys to play. They basically create the music. We rearrange it, we sweeten it, we do everything to change the mood of it. We can add singers, violins, mellotrons, moogs to sweeten it, but still the basic gut of the song has to be what the musician lays down when he comes Silver Sands: Rick Bowen: out of the amplifier through the microphone and onto the tape. The way I do my records, whoever produces them, if I produce them or if I hire a producer to come in and produce a record, he has one hundred percent authority to do anything that he wants to do with the record. He doesn't have to answer to anybody. When he gives me a tape, I can either accept it or reject it, but I have to reject the whole product or accept the whole product. If I have a guy produce an album for me, he brings me a finished product. I don't say, On cut three I want some of this. A producer has got to have that sort of freedom. Hels like an artist doing a picture. If you tell him that you only like half of his picture but you didnlt like the other half and change it, it wouldnlt really work out too hot. ls this why a lot of groups form their own companies? Sure. Thatls why a lot of groups produce themselves. They don't like the stringency that a producer gives to them. l'm a strict producer when I go in to produce an album. I know exactly what l'm after and I won't settle for anything less. I won't settle for schlocky playing or I won't settle for I can't play it that way, l've got to play it my way, sort of thing. If you can't play it my way, l'll find somebody who can play it my way. Silver Sands: Rick Bowen: Silver San ds: Rick Bowen: Silver Sands: Rick Bowen: 4 il After you record the album, 5' happens? f There's just an incredible amoun: work, once we leave Criteria with' album and take it out to Califor Between then and the time it hits stands is the most critical period the album because you have to through mastering processes I believe me, you can take a tapel to a recording company and, if itls' mastered properly, it's not goin sound anything at all like what' came out of the studio with. I . . I What is the mastering? I Whenever they take the tvvo-track I that you give the record company they in turn make a master discf which the actual Iaquers are which actually press out the stam 1, In that mastering process the f sounds are equalized. The songs ca speeded up or slowed down to mi l micro infinities. You can speed I song two revolutions or speed u song enough to change it to a hi key or slow it down to a lower I The songs can be speeded up key. For instance, if a song is reco to the key of G without changin enought to be noticable. We may to speed them up or slow them d a little bit if their voices sound a Il i out of tune. We may want to ton up just to the verge of where we i it should be How much of that has been do The only things that were changed the Bang albums from the orig masters that came out of the recor studio were some equalization cha on cuts we thought we might use top forty singles. Those were equall a little bit louder. In other words might have gone five decibals in so to make them five db s louder on record than the other one was so Ii lf IE enough to change them to a hi ' in the key of E, you can speed i l ll 'lver Sands: ick Bowen: Vver Sands: ick Bowen: L...- it stands out more on the record. So, if you listen to the whole album, if for no other reason, psychologically and subconsciously you remember that song because it was a little louder. Those are the tricks you play on the record buying public. How much money does it take to promote a concert and what risks are involved? lt requires a huge amount of money to stay in this business because each show that you buy, you are required to put up fifty per cent of the talent cost in advance, you are requied to put up a deposit on your building which usually amunts to about half the amount of the rent, and you have to purchase most of your radio and newspaper advertising by paying for it in advance. So, it runs into abnormally high sums of money. lt's just something l've always learned to live with. I have always had to worry about getting the things done that I need to get done. At the lowest point of my schedule, it's too busy and at the highest point it's just too chaotic. What is your relationship with Leas Campbell? On some concerts, l'm in a partnership with Leasg on other concerts, we're strictly East Coast Concerts or strictly Concerts West. lt depends a great deal on the individual shows. Silver Sands: Rick Bowen: Silver San ds: Rick Bowen: lt's a matter of doing two things for you. Number one, if it's a show that you're not that sure about, it gives you somebody to lay off part of the action to and in this particular area there are so many concerts that l don't want to have the amount of exposure that I would have by doing all the concerts by myself. And neither does Leas by doing them all himself. As a consequence, we pool our energies, our capitals, and we pool our exposures, and in all general partnerships we receive the values thereof. How much money does it take to promo te a concert and what risks are involved? lt requires a huge amount of money to stay in this business because each show that you buy, you are required to put up fifty percent of the talent cost in advance, you are required to put up a deposit on your building which usually amounts to about half the amount of the rent, and you have to purchase most of your radio and newspaper advertising by paying for it in advance. So, it runs into abnormally high sums of money. The rewards can be few or they can be great. lt's just as easy to make 310,000 as it is to lose 810,000 on a show. And there are so many different aspects that affect your concerts: the local economic levels, the amount of people that are in town, high school football or basketball games. There are just hundreds of things that can enter into it and spell disaster for you if you happen to hit the right combination of things on any particular given concert. How much advertising are we bombarded with when you decide to do a concert? In most markets, we try to spend ten percent' of what we feel our gross of the show will be. If we feel our gross of the show will be S50,000, we usually spend S5,000. In Miami, we Rick Bowen Silver Sands: Flick Bowen. Silver Sands: Rick Bowen: 2. Nfxx, uv Z- X! ,V N by c 'xx have to spend more than that. We have to spend close to fifteen percent of our gross down here because there are so many stations and the demographics are spread out so great. Down here, we buy six stations: WBUS, WIVIYQ, WFUN, WQAIVI, VVSHE, and WSRF. D0 you think you Ill eventually expand into group management? I foresee that the concert situation will always be the backbone of anything that I do. I don't feel that l'm a good enough manager or that I have experience in that field to become an all-out professional in it. I don't feel that l have the potential to manage a stable of acts. I am capable of running my concert business and having one or two acts to manage and that's my full capability. Why are you in this business? The financial thing. lt's rewarding, usually. lt's the only kind of business -he qu? that you can lose huge sums of in and, on the other hand, make huge sums of money in a quick period of time. If you're that is. lt's just a gigantic co of things. The thing that dejects me the about the business are the young school kids that getfreaked drugs. That has been the one that has always bugged me business and I know that gonna do drugs, at their I their cars at school, and they re do them at football games and of my concerts, and that really me. That's the worst thing happening in our society today. don't get off drugs soon, I don't what's going to happen. It to death. We provide entertainment and the one thing that keeps people throughout the roughest times through the best times. People always want to be entertained just feel like that's my ieb. Cl' i University of South Florida rgraduate students Mike Goodwin Ken Cramer walked into the it phone booth just outside their iitory they had only a dime. , majoring in journalism, slid the ' piece of currency through the ded slot, got a dial tone, and i the toll free 800 number of a r insurance company in New like was patiently dialing off the ssary digits, Ken pulled a small Ilic box, no larger than an eight istor portable AM radio out of knapsack he carries with him tantly. compact piece of electronic Jment which Ken now holds in his is called a Blue Box. lt is a i-tone oscillator, which can uce all of the 13 once secret tone :Jinations needed to turn the d-wide telephone company into more than an obedient genie in 1ands of its possessor. On the face ne device are 12 buttons marked l,4,5,6,7,8,9,0,KP, and ST. Each iese emits two tones at one time, h like the touch tone phones being today, which, when manipulated Playing A Tune For A Number Photos by Peter Paige correctly, makes its possessor a cross country, trans-continental, overseas operator. On the top of the easy to build device is another button which emits a pure tone of 2600 cycles per second lcpsl. As soon as Mike completes the call, Ken who is already holding the box close to the mouthpiece of the ordinary pay phone, pushes the 2600 cps button. After a second the ringing stops and a slight clicking noise preceeds a sharp momentary buzz. All of a sudden there is clean, white silence. lt's cool, says Ken. We've hit a trunk. Where would you like to go? Mike says he'd like to go to Switzerland. He has a girl friend in Geneva. Ken slowly moves his finger down to the KP button on the lower left side of the cold metal face. The frequency combination of 1100 cps and 1700cps gets fed into the mouthpiece. He follows it with four other buttons: One, eight, two, and ST. All the tones are digested by the pay phone with an anti- climatic click-clunk. by Bill Jacques Flight now we're hooked up to the international sender in White Plains, explains Ken. There are seven of these senders which exist in the U.S. The others are in New York, Pittsburg, Jacksonville, Oakland, Denver, and Montreal. Each usually serves a different continent. White Plains services Europe. Do you want to go by satellite or cable? asks Ken flauntingly. l'm scared of heights, Mike answers. II I ll Lets go by cable. Now, Ken explains, all we have to do to complete the call is punch out the country code, city code, and your chick's number. The country code is 41, Ken continues as he scans down a mimeographed sheet with a long list of countries with an individual number listed beside each. So all I do is punch out KP 141, the area code 1 and dial up your chick. The KP stands for Key Punch. This tells our sender we are ready to feed it. The 1 before the country code of 41 tells it we want to go by cable., lf we had pun decided on air travel we'd punch the 0 before the country code to resewe a satellite. The last 1 before your chick's number tells Switzerland we want to land in Geneva. Once there we dial her number and . . . There is now a smooth constant ring emerging from the pay phone's receiver. Ken pockets his Blue Box and hands the call to Mike. Someone picks up the phone. II Il . I . Hello, comes a girl s voice. Hello, Cathy? asks Mike in a disbelieving manner. Mikel! How are you? The two talk for a little more than ten minutes. Mike tells her that he loves her but really must be getting off the phone. She understands and both hang up. A metal noise slides through the phone and hits the bottom with a mild cling. Mike pushes in the small shiney coin return compartment and gets his dime back. l'll buy your box, he says. The whole thing started about 20 years ago when AT8iT made a firm l ,- cl' U committment to operate it's long distance switching system on 12 different combinations of six master tones. When blended together, two of these electronically generated master tones produce a certain beat frequency. For instance, to get the long distance switching tone for the number 8 you combine 900 cycles per second with 1500 cycles per second. If you wanted the beat frequency for 7 you would couple 700 cycles per second with 1500 cycles per second. These and the other ten combinations were supposed to be kept in the strictest secrecy. But a few years ago a Bell Telephone Laboratories engineer was careless enough to list them in an article he had written for The Bell Systems Technical Journal. That article, entitled Multifrequency Signaling Systems , was soon red tagged and pulled off the shelves. But not before a few innovative phone phreaks acquired this valuable frequency data. Once this information leaked, the ability to build a tone machine capable of mimicking Ma Bell's own equipment was within the range of any teenage kid in America. Even if the l experimenting person didn't have talent or schematics to construct accurate tone generator, he simply tape the required tones cassette tape player from an organ. Example: playing F5 and will give you the multitone fr for the number 3, lroughly 900 per second and 1100 cycles secondl. A stable instrument like the H B3 or C3 is preferred by most phreaks since, when it's drawbar is pulled out, it will reproduce the frequencies well one per cent accuracy. Ma variation allotment on equipment occasionally will be as as 30 cycles per second. Soon phone phreaks, equipped their homemade multi-fr generators, the world over were each other up and fanatically technical information. Blue box rates around the country bean to confirming the ea underground telephone existance. Thousands of e parasites were flauntingly sw through Ma Bell's bloodstream. Sell switches all her calls through types of offices. All local calls I the neighborhood Central Office e it is switched to the nearby line you are dialing. But if you 1 before the number to indicate distance, your Central Office es your call up to the area's Inter ze. This Inter Office connects rent Central Offices together and Is your call to another Inter ze in the area you are attempting each. Once there, your call is lated and advanced to the dialed 5 Central Office. Finally, the ral Office dialed rings up the Jer you want. way the Inter Office finds an ed inter toll line, or Trunk , to t its signal the long distance with 'Ier one of Ma's tones. If a Trunk le, it will whistle a pure 2600 Is per second to the searching Office. This tells the Inter Office it is neither sending nor receiving signal and is free to be used. So I your Inter Office goes looking an un-occupied Trunk it simply I one that is whistling. Once a k is seized', the whistle stops at ends of the multifrequencies are ed through to the Inter Office in rea you are calling. So if a Trunk at whistling, the Inter Office is r preparing to receive instructions nding them. It all depends which you're on. say you want to make a free call Miami to Los Angeles. First, you an 800 number of a major credit company which might happen to it's headquarters in New York. Miami Inter Office finds a :ling Trunk line to New York and 5 it. New York notices the ale silence and awaits the ifrequency tones which are pted to be shot up from Miami. I the multifrequency tones reach York they are converted and ring B00 number. :his time an accounting tape in Central Office is recording the LOS ANGELES NEW YQQK I AREA 213 AREA 2I2 ' INTER TRUNK INTER OFFICE OFFICE CENTRAL X10-VI-fl-xx OFFICE Il I MIAMI INTER AREA 305 OFFICE fl! i QF-To CENTRAL ' CD oIFIcE . r Q 9 1 4 A 1 1 l number you dialed and the time you dialed the call. But just as the New York 800 number starts ringing you hold your box up to the mouthpiece and pump 2600 cycles per second into it. The tone shoots all the way to New York where the big city's Inter Office notices it and, because the Trunk is whistling again, assumes that you have hung up and the Trunk is idle again. The New York Inter Office thus stops ringing the 800 number. But that tone only lasts for a brief second and after the Blue Box operator lifts his finger off the 2600 cycles per second button the Trunk falls silent once again. Now the Inter Office in New York awaits new routing instructions from the silent Trunk line, only this time you are it's master. So you beep off the area code for Los Angeles l213l followed by the number you want to reach. All this time your Central Office accounting system still believes you are ringing the toll free 800 number in New York. At last your party in Los Angeles answers and the Central Office in your area makes a mark on it's automatic accounting tape that you have reached a toll free number in New York. After you finish talking that same automatic accounting system records the time you hung up, but the rate is zero it per minute since, as far as the automatic accounting system is concerned, you have been talking on an 800 line. To put the situation lightly, Ma Bell is very concerned. Before this point, the advancing progress of the people's technology was always outrun by the Bell Company. An excellent example concerns the history of the pay phone. Being the most victimized of all of Ma's equipment, the once susceptible piece of equipment has now been refined to the point of near immunity to vandalism by resembling an armored fortress. A metal cable is now wrapped around the receiver wire to eliminate the illegal registering of quarters by sticking a pin thorough the wire, stripping bare the insulation so that the current rubs against the pin, and touching the top of the once shiny coin slot each time the operator would request twenty-five cents. AT8iT foiled yet another classic art when the monopolistic giant replaced the push-in coin return buttom with a pull-down lever. Before the evolutionary step was implemented, one could drop a nickle in the slot, smash the coin return button as the coin fell, and get a dial tone for half price. Even though most professional phone phreaks do occasionally manipulate the mechanics of the modern pay phone, almost all of them find it easier and more rewarding to jump around the world and bounce off satellites. And once the concept is mastered, a phone phreak only has to produce the necessary tones. In other words, the phreaks are digging it much more to walk into a phone booth with a dime store slide whistle, blovv themselves across the sea, and get their dime back than to enter with a screwdriver and dial a local number for free after devoting precious time to some mechanical revisement of the l L 'ifiwf' instrument. A cop can easily arrest you for unscrewing a phone wire, but few will ever expect anything with a slide whistle. for unscrewing a phone wire, but few will ever expect anything with a slide whistle. The way the tones leaked out through lVla Bell's own publication was only the beginning of a nightmarish mistake that will probably haunt her for many years to come. Nla Bell further catalized the underground information distribution exposing a blind college student by the name of Joe Engressia. Back in 1968, the University of South Florida nineteen-year-old was mass mediaized because of hisextracurricular activity of whistling off free long distance calls for fellow students. After the student who was born with perfect pitch was warned and disciplined by the college, he made headlines in magazines and newspapers nationwide. Soon, Engressia began to receive calls from phreaks around the country and united the once scattered community of public utility experimenters into a mutual comradery. Since then, phone phreaking has been enjoying the fruits of national publicity. A well-researched feature outlining the history of the iq was published in Esquire's Octot 1971 issue and undergroi publications have been rela'i progress of the grou p's constant bei with AT8aT to their readers. One battle from which lVla emerged ultimate victor involveii recently convicted phone phn named John Thomas Draper. Knci to his technical accomplices as Capi Crunch, Draper, lwho acquiredl alias when he discovered that thei whistles once provided in children's breakfast cereal emittei true 2600 cycles per second tonel,' charged to have beeped his way to' Australian top-40 radio stat illegally. For a call that would h normally cost him around S9 Draper was fined 31,000 and put 5 years probation by a federal co in California. Another point was scored by AT when they confronted Rampi magazine in late 1971. Within a week, American Telephc and Telegraph had achieved what CIA, Pentagon, FBl, and other targ of Ramparts over the last ten ye couldn't bring about: the nationw suppression of this magazine. l read the July editorial in the 1972 e of Ramparts, explaining to it's lers why they hadn't the chance to the previous month's issue.. The e issue of the California based odical included some simple, easy ructions on building and operating :vice which allows it's controller to eve incomming phone calls from where without charge to the ing customer. Known as a Black in phone phreak vocabulary, the Jle signal muting device requires r four dollars of readily available trical parts, a screwdriver, a hen knife, and three to four hours spare time to build once equiped 1 Ramparts 4 pages of '-to-follow illustrated construction 'uctions. Black Box that Ramparts rammed for it's readers is basically ute device which amounts to two ght forward alterations of the als on two simple circuits. When receive a phone call and pick up r receiver a signal is sent from your ne to the callers Central Office ting the automatic billing machine iis area. When you hang up, the ent stops, and so does the vmatic billing machine. The iparts Black Box surpresses that lering current from ever reaching callers automatic billing machine. according to the phone company, number is still ringing when you actually enjoying an otherwise ansive long distance conversation. tparts carefully and specifically ained the operating instructions concept behind the box while tionally cautioning the reader of illegality. only people who ever received issue were it's subscribers, lamong 1 the BCC libraryl, and Ma Bell 't let them go unnoticed. owing that the subscriber's copies the magazine had already been ed out, continues the editorial. ay requested a copy of our idential subscriber list so that they cl place those who had received the June issue under surveillance, and that we respond with a 'No Comment' when other members of the press called to ask why AT8tT had confiscated our magazines. But once again Ma Bell may have done herself more harm than good. The editors of the nationwide monthly have become so outraged that they are establishing a war chest to regulate AT8tT journalistically by revealling the ways in which it cheats and defrauds it's captive customers who are forced to rely on it's systems. Already, the contributions are coming in. Last July 29th, phone phreaks from all across the nation migrated to the Basement Ballroom of New York's lavish l-lotel Diplomat to take part in Youth International Party Line's Phirst Phone Phreak Convention. YIPL, which is a self-proclaimed anti-profit organization, was originally supposed to hold it's gala gathering in Miami during the Democratic Convention, but postponed it, and moved it to the massive metropolis where organizers claimed, the laws against phreaking are full of loopholes. Workshops were held concerning circuits, legal hassles, and the general strategies of lVla Bell. Master of ceremonies, Al Bell, distributed mimeographed sheets containing instructions on how to build a Black Box simpler than the one described in the June issue of Rampartsi' The Blue Box workshop leader displayed charts of several different circuits familar to the most famous of all phone phreak devices and recommended a book by David Talley Callgd Basic Telephone Switching Systems. But some of the most interesting information was the coming attraction hints for what was about to be published through YlPL's upcoming newsletters. For well over a year now, YIPL loperating out of room 504,152 West 42 St., NY, NY.l has been the phone phreaks' official disseminating outlet for new information, schematics, and general correspondence. Yippie PR man Abbie Hoffman, who was an active participant at the convention, said that future YIPL newletters would soon feature circuits for scramblers, bug detectors, and a new device lwhich consists of an oscillator of 2.2 KC, switched on and off electronically, just like a single slot pay phonel called a Red Box. After commemorating the first transcontinental telephone line between New York and San Fransisco, on July 29th 1914, the assembledge ended the convention by re-running a 20 minute black and white celluloid film feature which displayed pay phone phreaking techniques and included a ten minute portion on a guy who expresses his hatred of the phone company by eating lVla Bell equipment. it l YlPL's August letter says that sel undercover agents from the P Kompanyu showed up, and advert, that the now infamous 20 minute 'fl is available for rent. But of ni importance are the schematicsl plans contained within the sl yellow Augest newsletter. Comri information on the constructi tuning, and operation of a Blue Bl Line earpiece with foam, and tj it to the mouthpiece tightly, pan the operating instructions direct. H' smartest phone phreaks seldom ci their unit with them, but rathtl cassette recorder, which they el after making their call. Also included in the August issue the addresses of companies thatn' the needed parts recommendations of certain bn names that have presumir performed well for phone phreakil the past. Even Telephony, the magazine off Telephone lndustry, report: plugged YlPL's New York addresst company executives, ladvising tl not to reveal their new identities vw writing YlPLl. YIPL answeredl article, which they claim is bla with finger upheld congratulated the trade magazine the ridiculous accuracy of t' name. All names, places, and eve in this article are completely fictitici Any similarity whatsoever completely unintentional. robation and Pa role... Investigation and Peer Counseling Julie Calsi oss the battery of secretaries in m 630 of the Broward County irthouse in Fort Lauderdale are :ral doors, which open into as my offices. Standing in the :shold of one particular room, a tor finds himself opposite a large :den desk near the large frosted dows, which we are told are front dows. To the person's right is ther desk. ng, Jeanine Godbout unrolled a te parchment- like sheet and iled it to the off-white walls: id grant me the serenity to accept things l cannot change, the rage to change the things I can, and wisdom to know the difference. iu're a parole officer? l if that is the question that starts iy conversations for Jeanine ibout,the answer is always a ation on the theme, UNO. Jeanine, a 19 year-old BCC lent, is an assistant officer for the Florida Parole and Probation Commission. We do the work that regular parole officers don't have time to do, to leave them time to do probation supervision, commented Miss Godbout, and that in itself is large enough distinction to call for some explanation. The para-professional program of which Jeanine and otrier college students throughout Florida are a part was initiated in August of i97l. Other states have similar programs. In a pamphlet published by the Commission and distributed in November is the first documented list of the responsibilities of an assistant officer lor para-professional, or aidel. The role of an aide will assume different proportions with each county, however. The pamphlet states that the main responsibility of the assistant officer lin generall is the protection of society through rehabilitation of criminal offenders. This rehabilitation is achieved through a carefully planned program of investigation and 2 -1 Contrary to what some may think, those who study at BCC's Criminal Justice Institute lCJll do not merely watch reruns of old Jack Webb television productions so that they might learn how to advise a suspect of his rights. Rather, they are participating in the diverse, but still expanding, programs offered in the area of Criminal Justice under the auspices of BCC's Division of Public Services. Two-year programs leading to an Associate in Science degree are available in Police Science and Criminal Justice, while University parallel programs are offered in Pre-Law Enforcement and Pre-Corrections, and a special 30-credit police science certificate program is available for in-service police officers. ln addition, there are special non-credit seminars and workshops given through the J. Lester Holt Law bl supervision aimed at modifying the behavior of offenders through peer counseling and guidance . . . The aide works cooperatively with local officials, collaterally contributing agencies and the general public. ln listing the duties of a para-professional, the important land oft-repeated? phrase is at the request of the Parole Office l or ll lthere are graduated levelsl. Duties the aide may perform include: lludirected social treatment in supervising criminal offenders, Zlnassistance in obtaining a complete social diagnostic investigation so that the court may make an informed choice of disposition, assisted by information contained in the confidential report, 3lassistance in conducting a Pre-Parole Investigation and . . . an evaluation of a release plan proposed by or developed for an inmate. Also, a para-professional may make subsequent investigations, and in fact the majority of those performed in Broward are carried out by the assistants. When a defendant has been found accountable for the offense the judge has one of three alternatives that effect the Parole and Prof l l l l Commission: sentence the offenc' I l ' l i a period of incarceration, place h probation, or postpone sentencin h order a PreSentence lnvestig lpsil. The PSI is usually cond J by the regular parole' officer. A subsequent investigatiom equivalent to a PSI in content ty conducted after the subject has- ' placed on probation. Therefoi-g subsequent investigation is '1 primarily for the commissli information, whereas a PSI is useig the court for sentencing purpost, In either case, these records, vuig may draw from the state attoriil files and contain a comprehensive detailed history of the probationerg out of necessity entirely confiderg However, at the county's nh probation office at the Bron County Courthouse, the pririi distinction at this time between duties of the officers and those oli assistant officers is that only 5 former supervise parolees . probationers during the tenure of 1g respective sentences. J fl According to Jeanine Godbout, H' only thing typical about the day para-professional is that there are, typical days. The day, howei might very well include at least ,...fyp' 1.14 .. ssl?-'RZQX Q 5 . t A- . Args . . Yr, -gg ' :I 'hifixz -rf 1-qv ' . ' sive. ' , , , ,.,, gtg. -. mt sz .gstggwil 'S Kgs-vw r ga ...J 'P F' 'H Enforcement Program, established in the memory of the late chief of the Ft. Lauderdale Police Department. This is a joint project of the Broward County Chiefs of Police Association along with BCC Topics have included advanced fingerprinting techniques and other aspectsof enforcement and corrections procedure lt may also be worth noting that all suggested courses for the AA in Criminal Justice are transferrable for upper division credit in an allied area Until recently Florida State 31 .l1zefR4...,s-W 1 erview with a new probationer or olee, as a starting point for a ,sequent investigation. railed information concerning the Kground of the subject 's enlisted this time, diverse aspects are ered, some of which include tary service, narcotics history, ation, religion, and family life and rvision experienced while growing l A completed subsequent lfstigation for a woman with no 'tary service might very easily lend six single-spaced typewritten l-sized pages. oretically, the interview could be ipleted in 20-30 minutes, but it f take longer if the probationer is asy or uncooperative, and a lot of ae people have never had anyone stalk to, Jeanine added. ier the interview the subject is sent his supervisor and Miss Godbout f then start dictating letters to the ropriate agencies in order to verify information. Some verification additional information is jainable through other departments hin the walls of the courthouse ite attorney's office, Broward 1riff's Office, county clerkl. l lerything must be verified, the prior ist record especially, she ilained. ik-, ri - University in Tallahassee was the only ,, , . An additional responsibility of the para-professional is to verify information for officers of parole and probation commissions of other states concerning residency, education, or other related data. An important fact to remember is that the commission 'tself does not place any offender on parole or probation, but that the courts do. The commission simply does the case work and supervision after the fact. The ma n qualifications for applying for the position of assistant parole officer are a high school diploma, an intended college major of either psychology, sociology, or criminology lcriminal justicel, and a genuine ,, 4,1 3,4 3229 'J zfw Y, .,. .M qv 22 4 . mf Q gn'- institution in this state which gave baccalaureates for work in the field of criminal justice. Now both Florida International University and Florida Atlantic University award degrees in the related areas. And both schools give Criminal Justice courses at the gg, facilities at BCC, which is a good deal, especially for the working ,J .-5. 41 I 41 ik SQ: ,xiii rgf . , , . 33551 student, according to Robert McGowan, director of the CJI. He added that 70 per cent of those students enrolled at the institute during Term l worked off-campus. , ,Q 5,4 I . 1 ' 5' . , 11 7 .g J f lier- if - .,:!rff2a,.,.f1zf. .'il1mTrll I ' ii lli ' X interest in the job, Jeanine, who attended Wesleyan College for a year as a prospective music or elementary education major, returned to Fort Lauderdale in search of a summer job. lt was only after she had begun working in the parole office that she began to think seriously of a career in criminology. She is now considering eventually going to law school or working as a high school guidance counselor. In Broward County alone there are approximately 3,000 persons on parole or probationp and yet any place, at any time, any progressive step in the area of corrections lor preventionl is well worth the effort. Ask Jeanine Godbout. A hypothetical crime scene l victlm in rear is a manikinl. But women are coming alive in CJI. Term l credit enroll- ments totaled 26' females and 344 males. X X- ' JXNH, iiffq .l 'Q i . X ' il ' 9. lil, Arluilx ,XY ii N l Q ixilmt X 1 1 N i it ' ll, - . . 'lp X' Qlky N IA-in . rf' , .J 4? ' ' flu . l.-'Y W 113 i'I.QffY: I WW? WW , Q 12A-1, .9'.wJ' .i:,,'n Tx fl? Members of the cast of A Thurber Carnival 3 3? 3 Q 1 1 l Mr. Preble Gets Rid of His Wife -EL 4 1 '-'ff ,gen-ara-,-f ' A A unique production of A Thurber Carnival was the drama department's non-musical offering for Term l. The play, on which TV's Laugh-ln is based, is a series of skits adapted from the short stories of James Thurber, and with it Joseph Cappello la BCC alumnusl made his directorial debut. The Last Flower provided the most striking moments of the production, with The Night me Bed Fein, Unicorn in the Garden, File and Forget, and Walter Mittyu counted as favorites among the lighter playlets. Since A Thurber Carnival started rehearsals the night after Fiddler on the Roof closed, there were some who did not even get a 24-hour respite from the theater. They included Irene Mr Preble Gets Rid of His Wife Rizzo and Caroline Pactor lAnatevka villagersl, Bob Mascaro and Heather Brown lgrips: that is, prop peoplel, Glen Ellington lprop masterl, Joey Condon lMendel, the Rabbi's sonl, Laurie Dissette lcostume crewl, Jack Greenstein lbottle dancerl, and Melody Wicht lassistant stage managerl. Paul Barker, a Russian soldier in the musical, shared the chores of stage manager with Ann Dennison. Bounding out the excellent cast were: Tom Harman, Ed Blanchette, Missy DeGraffenreidt, Lou Dudich, Kathy Bardsley, Gayle Glymph, Mike Pasternak, Steve LaBocheIle, Sharon Galloway, Morna Liddy, and Angie DeCicco. The Secret Life of Walter Mitty fl' fs A- 341 x I4 1 SQ i .f.fqfy'q A , ,, ga.- f--- A-x 1-N257 - , V 'qi W ,rig 15?-i.'u3'.3l:: .,, . y1g2+.5n.tj 'Y' ff' 15 mf? E!! if Shir 45-: gg lil 5' 'r'w!': by Robin Shulman A study of the roles of American Women tin society from the beginning to the present and looking ahead toward the future I love man as my fellow but his Sceptre, real or usurped, extends not to me unless the reason of an individual demands my homage: and even then the submission is to reason and not to man might have been said by a prominent woman of the 1970s, yet it was made in the 17905 by Mary Wollstonecraft Englishwoman Mary Wollstonecraft is regarded by most to be the original theoretician of what has become known as the womans rights movement. Her Vindication of the Rights of Women, published in 179 , served as in inspiration t almost every worker in the movement in England and America, for the next hundred years, She felt that women should study politics and seek careers ' business, as physicians, running farms or managing shops. Mary Wollstonecraft had her own view of marriage: enlightened citizens lwomenl, till they become free by being enabled to earn their own subsistence, independent of men . . . 'Xlay marriage will never be held sacred till women, by being brought up with men, are prepared to be their companions rather than their mistresses .... Lucretia Mott, a young Quaker minister, served as a guiding spirit in the anti slavery movement and was a kind of godmother to the women of the antislavery and woman s rights movements Sarah and Angelina Grimke were encouraged to take an active role in both these movements by their friend Lucretia Mott Elizabeth Cady Stanton who was fascinated b Lucretia ott wrote She w s th first liberal minded woman I had ever met and nothing in all Europe interested me as t lk of things that as a Sco ch Presbyterian I had scarcely dared to think Elizabeth Cady Stantons father was a prosperous New York judge who took a great interest in her education Elizabeth admired er father a great deal and when er brother of ten died she climbed in o her fathers lap to comfort him He said O my daughter I wish you were a boyll She replied Then I will be oy nd w do all that brother did In order to make her promise good to her father she decided to learn Greek and tame horses. At the Johnston Academy Elizabeth excelled at sports as well as at her studies. She wanted attend Union College Schenectady then an all male school but her father sent her to Mrs. Willard s Female Seminary in Troy. lt was one of the first colleges for women in the country. There she spent the dreariest years of her life. Upon graduating from college she came home began to study law and met a young antislavery orator Henry Stanton In 1840 they werem A vast number of women enter U American olitical fe v antislavery movement organized attended and meetings prepared agenda d issues and made motions circ petitions The women did this l face of active and passive rests from most men and from the maiority of other women as w the media at that time As and helpful workers in the Abo movement were women They sh as much courage in facing obloqu even danger in what they dee sacred cause as Garrison or Lo They filled the Abolition societi flocked e Abolit conventions In an appr movement as in a revolution who go farthest are apt to fare I The advocates of women s claims the bolder spirits who retain al direction e anits movement. The point at which the antisl movement turned into the wot rights movement came in 1840 -I World Anti-Slavery Convention ' several dozen American wo among them Lucretia Mott Elizabeth Cady Stanton who traveled across three thousand mi ocean to attend were refused se because of their sex . The indi , women returned to the United S determined to assert their righ well as those of the Negro slav A 2-F' A American Women - Post, Present, ond Fuf '- , , , .1 . . . ll ll I . . ' ' p ' ' li , I W . I . . , ' A cg .. I I . . . I . n . I I V 4 y ,A M I Q . 1 ll ' ' ' I , a e ' ' I This statement seems as though it She did- I had VIGVEV heard 3 Wdmafl Bryce said, Many of thelmost , . . a ' I .t . an ' . I A ' I 0 to th ' v . I ' - t V . . . 9' 3 O . I ii , . I ' ' ,Il . I ll , I ' 'LN a b , a I ill my ' ' ' - I ' ' of rn ' in to at 'L ll 'Il ll , fu. diff? 'l Marriage will never be held sacred till women, by being brought up with men, are prepared to be their companions rather than their mistresses. -.1 Mary Wollstonecraft, 1793 Theodore Weld became the center of the antislavery movement in the West, and he and a group of followers, helped to found Oberlin College. From its beginning in l850, Oberlin accepted Negro students, and a year or so later permitted women to enter. Lucy Stone, who was a small energetic woman and one of the first women students at Oberlin, worked her way through college, and formed a close friendship with another student, Antoinette Brown. Both Antoinette Brown and Lucy Stone became active in the women's rights movement. The friendship which they formed at Oberlin remained with both of them during their entire life and helped them in their participation with other women in the movement when either one became upset or discouraged. In 1848, Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott were the leaders of the first women's rights convention in the US at Seneca Falls, NY. At the convention, Mrs. Stanton drew up her famous woman's bill of rights and resolutions demanding redress of wrongs, which was adopted. All these demands have since been extensively granted. In 1850 Mrs. Stanton became associated with Susan B. Anthony and for 40 years they worked together. With Mrs. Stanton writing and Miss Anthony managing business affairs, they cooperated in editing The Revolution, a women's rights newspaper. The two of them along with Matilda Gage were joint editors of the first three volumes of The History of Woman Suffrage. ln 1888 Susan B. Anthony organized the International Council of Women. Later, she organized the International Woman Suffrage alliance in 1904. Her work helped to pave the way for the adoption of the 19th amendment l1920l to the federal constitution, granting women the right to vote. Susan B. Anthony's devotion and work became a symbol for equality and it was even influential in the worldwide recognition of human rights expressed in the charter of the United Nations. There are many other women, as well as men, who contributed to the early movement for women's rights. As we enter into the 1900s the women's role has drastically changed from the 17905, but there is still a long way to go until women have complete equality, if in fact the time will ever come. At Broward Community College, a positive commitment toward the women's movement in the United States has been made with the appointment of Judith Yater as A Special Assistant for Women's Affairs. Ms. Yater explained, We are encouraging and allowing women to expand their potential and take a more active and assertive role in society. Broward Community College is doing its part to carry out a recent presidential executive order. According to this order the Civil Rights act has been extended to cover institutions of higher education. This legislation demands, Affirm action plans to rectify inequaliti employment and working condi for women faculty, staff, A students. 5 At the 55th annual meeting ofl American Council of Educationii in Miami this year, the keynote oli entire program was women ini educational field and the needl expanding services and programsi WOTUEH. At BCC we are already a step al of most other community colleges a Standing Committee on the Stl of Women has been established i Mrs. Grace Scheer as its head. committee is involved in an inte study of the utilization of women the work force and in an examina of any policies concerning won They are working with an eye tov affirmative recommendations, eliminate any inequities for woi here at Broward Community Colle On Saturday, December 2, l97 seminar was held at the col entitled: Woman: Her Bl Future. The entire community invited and over 250 men and wo attended to hear prominent spea from Dade and Broward countie This is only the beginning of men women in our community, bel students, housewives, business pec teachers, and others becoming avi concerned, and taking a more at role in the improvement of the w in which we live. We are encouraging and allowing women to expand their potential and take a more active and assertive role in society. ..- Judith Yater, 1972 xzo o C Q ff .to Zo P .ls fo' c f ei GOD 8 xo Q ov 6 'B 0 O 5'-' 6 X - 5 I7 x05 owe o f Tlx N 'ob O0-, - te gel 0 l If J' Each time a film is borrowed, the These films which are for the library card must be presented. borrowers enjoyment, may not be ouiej - shown where an admission is charged, A person may borrow films totaling and TIWGY fT13Y not be used to raise approximately one hour's running funds. Ruth Lanny time and no more than three titles reaf ,!4mel'iCall may be borrowed at one time. Films may be booked no more than If Qi f three months in advance and those - SJQHEJACLJ padfime which are booked in advance may be s. It seems like they are another American pastime. People watch write them, act in them, cry at laugh at them, and now they ieck them out . . . from the Fort erdale Public Library. library recently started a film tion of 16mm sound films. The ng collection of informational educational films covers a wide of subjects for people of all ages. of the films offered include: History, Lost, Stolen or strayedg is Marshall McLuhan: The im ls The Messagef Jessie Owens ns To Berlin: Dvlafl Thomas's A 3 Christmas ln Whalesg Aretha 'lin, Soul Singer,' Age Of ady. Part I: The Early Years, Age ennedy, Part ll: The Presidency, Mike Mulligan and His Steam rl. ilms may be borrowed on a Fort ardale Public Library borrower's oy a person at least 18 years old. picked up at the main library, located at 1300 East Sunrise Boulevard, after 11 a.m. They must be returned by 6 p.m. the next day. Unreserved films may be borrowed anytime during the Iibrary's open hours and returned the next day by 6 p.m. For overdue films, a charge of 256 per film is made for each hour or fraction of an hour overdue, including those hours during which the library is closed. Be careful with the films, because once they are checked out of the library they are your responsibility. Damage charges are 5002 Der foot for color films and 2565 a foot for black and white films, or for the cost of the needed replacement footage. Replacement footage must be ordered from the distributor in minimum lengths of 50 feet. In case of extensive damage, according to the library, the borrower may be held responsible for the entire cost of the film which may be from S40 to as much as 3600. .Aff EGCL! The library has something for just about everyone, including film buffs who enjoy those old silent movies. Now you can spend an evening with Charlie Chaplin, Laurel and Hardy, Buster Keaton, W. C. Fields, and Fatty Arbuckle in your own home. With a Fort Lauderdale Library borrower's card you can check out as many as three of these 8mm silent flicks a week. If overdue, the borrower must pay 30 a day for each one overdue. So invite your friends, your neighbors, even your parents. Everybody, it seems, enjoys these gems from the early days of American film making. One more thing, don't forget the popcorn. lt's another great American DGSUFUC- Ffuth Lamzy greafiue CAeafing lflhfl. A galllefa Keep the case on. Careful of the ii ll li Il lens. I have a pentax. I have a Nikon. The modern cameras are designed to withstand a considerable amount of abuse. Treat one like a fine sports car. Use it, create with it, exploit it, and most of all, have fun with it. The 35mm is a marvelous little mechanical device to have fun with, if people don't become overly serious and protective. Becoming an equipment status freak isn't good either. Creative cheating is having fun. I call it :reative cheating because I always get one picture out of a roll of twenty that freaks people out. And I don't tell them the picture was accomplished with a mindboggling impulse or spiritual revelation. Actually, I don't tell them anything, but I feel like the cat who swallowed the mouse. What is my secret? Very simple - I run the same roll of film through the camera twice. I shoot 20 exposures of anything that turns me on, rewind the film and shoot 20 more. This is superimposing one image on another and also called a double exposure. The images aren't planned, I just let them happen. The key to creative cheating is knoffing how to rewind the film in the camera and how to set the correct exposure. Remember, you are making two exposures per frame. This means you must shoot the first 20 frames at one-half the exposure. This is simple: take a meter reading and set the camera for a normal exposure. Now all you have to do is cut the exposure in half. For example: The normal meter reading is f8 Q 1!250. Reset the camera for half that: f8 QD V500 or f11 Q 11250. Shoot 20 frames at one-half the exposure. The film is then ready to be rewound for the second series of exposures. Here are two methods for rewinding the film. 1.After exposure 1120, push in the rewind knob and rewind the film while watching the red dot. The red dot on my camera revolves I l!4 time for each frame. Rewind twenty frames. 2. Rewind the film, but not completely, into the cassette. Thread the film again and be sure to align the sprocket hole the same way as the first time. Now the camera is ready to shoot twenty more exposures. Be sure to cut the exposures in half again the same way as the first time. This can be done with any kind of film, but I feel color is more effective. The rest, of course, is up to you. The possibilities for each exposure are endless. Blur the image, distort, shake the camera during exposure, change lens, anything goes. Usually the weirder the better. You can think of it as an attempt to combine the real to make the unreal. Pictures of this nature sometimes reveal where your head is. If you're going to hang upside down off the limb of a tree to shoot a friendis face or something similiar to that, then you know you're slightly wacky. That's beautiful. Peter Paige W....f,4g.,if Are you tired of being a bum? Sponging off your parents got you uptight? Support yourself! cw your lower end and Get A Jo finding a job is a big hassle: st the pavement, calling up interviews. It's even a little s most of us. But finding a jo not be so formidable once yo how to locate job opportuniti apply for openings. Your first actions. Take st yourself. Who are you? What do. Nothing, you're bound to a Not so. Start out by writin sheet of paper everything in t of work experience you hav Include any volunteer work yo done and also paid jobs. Writ down in chronological order wit supervisor's name and number a time you spent at thatjob. Wha your duties? Write down the name or club's name and Done? Now reverse the order Il your latest work experience Type it neat. Now, you have a resume in your hand. Surprise' Think. Which job did you lik What duties in that job did yo best? Nlaybe you can get a s job at a salary. There's no se spending precious hours doing you hate. Now, where are the job opportu See Mrs. Patricia Novak in the St Placement Office in the St Services building. She can tel how to go about finding a job has listings of local employer want to hire students. Check th ads in the Fort Lauderdale p They are kept up daily. The other places to look, too. You want to register with the Florida Employment Service in Lauderdale or Hollywood. friends, neighbors and relatives I know someone who is trying t someone. You might go see a p employment service and pay a f having them find you a job. the temporary employment se where you are salaried by the and farmed out to a business n I 1 i I . I I ai, fs a II 1 I I .I H. -l if 4. V .I n I rli ':,I -Clfs .F ,I,I if I .I I r I 1:- ir. 2 I X.. UI .el: iporary help. A marketable skill, h as typing, is helpful here. 1mples of this type of agency are ipower and Kelly Girls. v make a list of prospects and call 'n up for an appointment for an rview. But don'ts pin all your es on one interview. Apply at eral places: you may have your ice in the end. are you go for the interview, make a sheet listing information you ht need to fill out an application. salaries earned at the jobs on your me sheet and also list your reasons leaving those jobs. List your zonal references lnot relativesl, but sure they have agreed to respond are you put their names on an lication. This sheet and your me sheet will help you fill out the Iication form without spending rs looking up phone numbers and resses or spending frustrating utes trying to remember what pened five years ago. ls her name led with two A's? Also write in your education background and :inent information about that. A h student might be just the thing mpress a person trying to hire an irate figurer or someone to handle wey. time for the intervievv. Dress tly and drive over. Get there early you have time to fill out the Iication before the interview. The rview. Nervous? Think about the rview as if you were an employer ut to hire a person. Think of the lities you would look for, the :gs that would impress you. Neat earance? Certainly. A positive tude is the key. You are the Fect person for the job. Think ut questions the interviewer might you. This will prevent you from ig tongue-tied when you are in this entially demeaning situation of ieone sitting in judgement upon i. Remember: you are the perfect son for the job. Tell them why. sist until you have found the job you want. After you have the job, you want to make sure you can keep it. You don't want to be fired during the first week on the job. The main cause of people loosing jobs is conflict between people. So be on your best behavior and wvallow your tongue before you loudly disagree with another employee lor the bossl on anything. In most cases people will be watching you closely with a critical eye when you are first on the job. Remember to look busy leven if you're notl most of the time. Another thing they might be looking for is how much your interests which are unrelated to the job interfere with your work. The boss might take a dim view of you if you want time off just because surf's up. They will also be looking at your dress and behavior. If you want more information on any or all of these topics, there are several books you can read. For information on kinds and fields of work see The Encyclopedia of Careers and Vocational Guidance or Job Facts by Charles Adams. These can be found in the BCC Library llook in the card catalogl. Are you interested in the mechanics of job hunting and job evaluations? See How To Go About Getting a Job With a Future, l967, J.l. Biegeleisen, Grosset and Dunlap. For sheer gun-ho-enthusiasm to get you all fired up to get a job, get The Opportunity Explosion by Robert O. Snelling, in paperback, 95 cents. Also look at How to Earn la lot of! Money in College, Harvard Student Agencies, Inc., Cambridge, llllass., 1968. Susie Haney amloing - jun .xdnol lgefaxafion Well, you finally made it . . . through final exams. You don't want to see another book about French, psychology, chemistry or algebra. You need to get away from everything. So, leave. There are many state parks within a four hour drive from Fort Lauderdale where you can camp, hike, swim, fish, dive or just relax . . . and try not to worry about the results of your exams. Overnight camping areas in the state parks are provided with tables and grills, restrooms equipped with hot and cold water, showers, toilets, lavatories and laundry facilities. Many also have playground equipment, coin operated washing machines, driers, and sanitary dumping stations. Camping fees are 34, plus tax, per night per campsite. Some parks have non-electrical sites at 33.50, plus tax, per night. Highlands Hammock, outside Sebring, offers a primitive area with outdoor restrooms and water furnished by a hand pump for 31.50, plus tax, per night, per campsite. Each campsite unit is restricted to the use of one family. A person 18 or older or married persons must be present in any group. No entrance fee is charged to those who pay to camp, and all parks which offer camping facilities open at 8 a.m. and close at sundown. Gate keys are issued for afterhours use when a returnable deposit is paid. If you just want to go to the park for the day, a 3.25 entrance fee per person is charged. Novv that you know most of the rules, here are those nearby parks and their facilities we were telling you about. Bahia Honda State Park, located on Bahia Honda Key, offers 112 campsites, swimming, skin and scuba diving, boat rentals, salt water fishing, marine supplies, camper supplies, groceries, sanitary dumping station, washers, dryers, playground equipment, electrical hookups, water, ramps and docks. Collier-Seminole State Park, located I7 miles south of Naples, offers 130 campsites, electrical hookups, water, ramps, docks, salt water fishing, nature trails, sanitary dumping station, playground equipment and shuffleboard. Grossmans Hammock State Park, located 11 miles northwest of Homestead, offers 30 campsites, water, swimming, fresh water fishing and nature trails. John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park, located on Key Large, offers 100 campsites, electrical hookups, water, swimming, skin and scuba diving, boat rentals, ramps, docks, piers, salt water fishing, tours, nature trails, camper supplies and groceries, sanitary dumping station, marine supplies, and playground equipment. Jonathan Dickinson State Park, located 13 miles south of Stuart, provides 200 campsites, electrical hookups, water, swimming, boat rentals, ramps, docks, salt water fishing, tours, nature trails, camper supplies and groceries, sanitary dumping station, washers, dryers and wash tubs, marine supplies, playground equipment, miniature golf and bicycles. Koreshan State Park, located at Estero on the west coast, offers 60 campsites, electrical hookups, water, ramps, salt water fishing, nature trails, a sanitary dumping station, wash tubS and playground equipment. Long Key State Park, located on Long Key, offers 60 campsites, electrical hookups, water, swimming, skin and scuba diving, salt water fishing, nature trails and sanitary dumping station. Myakka River State Park, located 17 miles east of Sarasota, offers 76 campsites, electrical hookups, water, boat rentals, ramps, docks, fresh water fishing, tours, nature trails, campers' supplies and groceries, washers, dryers, wash tubs, overlook platform, playground equipment and bicycles. Highlands Hammock State Park, located 6 miles west of Sebring, provides 140 campsites, electrical hookups, water, fresh water fishing, tours, nature trails, a sanitary dumping station, washers, dryers, washtubs, playground equipment, shuffleboard and bicycles. Oscar Scherer State Park, located 20 miles south of Lake City, offers 104 campsites, electrical hookups, water, wvimming, boat rentals, docks, salt and fresh water fishing, nature trails, a sanitary dumping station, washers, dryers and playground equipment. Sebastian Inlet State Park, located on Sebastian Inlet, offers 90 campsites, electrical hookups, water, swimming, skin and scuba diving, ramps, salt water fishing, nature trails, a sanitary dumping station, wash tubs, overlook platform and playground equipment. This is just a list of the facilities offered at the state parks. But probably one of the most satisfying feelings a person gets from camping, even if it's just for a weekend, according to Suzie Haney, BCC student, comes from just enjoying the slow pace of life, the solitude and the beauty of the surrounding country. So when the whole general situation of life gets to you, leave. Go to a state park and enjoy YOURSELF for a while. Ruth Lantzy Sfarfing n rganizafion? Take a long look around campus some time. Read the signs: clubs, teams, fraternities and other organizati Where did they come from? Or I BCC simply begotten somevvher th outer limits of D vie springing up faster than you coul Aphrodlte7 No my friends it s ttle complicated than that but not m I According to Marge Smith of I Student Activities O ice prospective new BCC spon organization must have at least -it constitution lan outline is availab the Student Activities Offloel faculty or staff sponsor and offi There are some exceptions to this I item however as in the case of Intervarsity Christian Fellowship 1 the Karate Club The constitutions of all social academic organizations must app oved by Robert Liver I director of student activities and Stud nt Government Association ' constitutions of all fraternities I sororities must be approved Thomas Ryan and the Greek Cou 1 The sponsor is not required to a 1 every meeting of the group Howe each year every organization I provide the Student Activities O with a list of its members. Ju 'e :I J ing Credit It all began sixty-nine years ago 3 owaue and Wilbur Wright's take of the simple kite. On December l903, their Kitty Hawk was the 'I airplane to actually fly. Since Qui the development of aviation has -i' to the complex lspacel age of wir . . . Qi I 5, . V-I . . . :I e a ggi sidewalks and campus organiza, I . . I . ' 4 , , 3 ll gl! I 'Il . . . H. I , . I . ,, . . fl .-A, charter members, a properly d ji, ' I I GE' - I I . D . . A ' - ig: . . . . ill Ii 5 I C . Ol' isportation is one of the nation's est industries and it is anticipated in the next twenty years sportation systems in the US will :ole in size. US airlines are sporting almost twice as many engers as trains and buses bined. Because of the many types eneral aviation there is a growing and for people to fill these jobs. job fields range from Air Traffic aialists, Executive Transport, Air , Charter, Flight Instruction, to al Photography. :eep in pace with things to come, offers a two year Associate in 1ce iASl degree in Aviation. The 2 programs presently available are er Pilot, Air Traffic Controller, Aviation Administration. These are the students for other fields ommercial flight such as airline 1, charter, and even crop dusting. is accredited by the Federal tion Administration iFAAl. program was started six years ago each year there is an average of students who enter it. Along with retical class instructions from am Bowen, Russell Sheldon and art Nixon, students get flight ing at Berside'Ott and Sky Tel, h provides the practical side. I teacher has 25 years of rience in commercial flight and 5 an FAA ground instructor's se. According to Sheldon, anes have become business tools their popularity is a matter of ic demand for mobility. ig in the wild blue does cost a kpit full of green. The students directly to the contractors and the cost for the two year training oaches the 33,500 range. ever, financial aid is available and er Thomason in the Co-Op :ation Department has work-study 'mation available for novice :ors. Bowen feels the main ilem is the cost of the 180 flying 's needed to get through the ram. BCC also has an Intercollegiate Flight Team which has been active in air meet competition since its beginning in l971. Sheldon coaches the team. Ten students competed in the National Collegiate Air Meet at Purdue University, LaFayette, Indiana, on May 10-13, where the team placed second in power-off precision landings and fourth in precision competition in a simulator. BCC won the coveted Bendix Collegiate Team Championship Award, a trophy awarded yearly to the school that accumulates the most points in various events. There were 350 pilots representing 32 different colleges across the nation, including the University of Michigan, University of Illinois, and Louisiana State. The Bendix trophy is in the trophy case in the Student Services Building. The team got off the ground with an invitation from the National Intercollegiate Aviation Flight Administration iNlAFAl and to participate in a regional air meet at Miami-Dade South in l97l. The three events at a meet are cross-county flying, spot landing contest, and flour bag bombing a target. Competition is open to anyone with a pilot's licence, even if he is not a flight team member. Lisa papa ersonafjea L4 rouicle .9nJigLll A student walks into the office of Dr. Ronald Narel, BCC counselor, to discuss 8 problem concerning his academics or occupation. A need for counseling is evident as the student begins relating difficulties he may be having at home or on the job and reflects a need to understand his own motives and drives. To aid both counselor and student, Dr. Narel suggests that he take the Edwards Personality Inventory, an examination designed to determine personal needs and drives. The student agrees and Dr. Narel's secretary makes an appointment at the student's convenience. In addition to the Edwards Personality Inventory, examinations for aptitude, interest, and intelligence are also offered gratis on an individual basis. A test is administered after a student has spoken with a counselor and his needs have been sufficiently probed to determine which exam would be more beneficial for counseling purposes. Professional advisement is necessary in order that the test is relative to the students needs. In fact, a student may not be aware that testing will be of benefit to him until a visit with a counselor reveals particular uncertainties he may have about himself. Often, the need is discovered when a student talks with an advisor or counselor and reveals that he has a problem deciding what his career interests are or when a personal problem comes to the surface. These tests provide individual analysis for diagnosis or counseling, according to Gibson Cameron, BCC counselor. The tests are scaled according to national norms. Thus, outstanding needs or drives in a student's character are determined in the case of a personality exam and interests or abilities are revealed in the case of aptitude or intelligence exams. A student can usually complete an exam within 40 minutes or an hour. The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, which is administered on a one to one basis between counselor and student, takes from I 1X2 to 2 hours. The Edwards Personality Inventory consists of 225 paired items which require the student to choose the statement with which he agrees more. Consistency in responses is measured by repeating the same statement at different times during the test. The pattern in the test would be different with a change in a person's life, Dr. Narel said. lt's not hard and fast. It depends on where you are and what your motivations are. The most legitimate reason for taking the test if for the student to find out more about himself. For most students who have done any serious thinking about themselves and their lives, the Edwards Personality Inventory serves to reinforce what they already knew. For others, it creates an awareness of inner needs and drives which, coupled with expert counseling, can set them on a straight course toward personal goals. The effectiveness of the tests are reinforced by the individualized counseling which follows a day or two after the student takes the exam. Meeting with a counselor and discussing the profiled results is the primary purpose for administering the exam. Mass examination, such as that given in high schools to determine aptitude, interests, or presonality characteristics Dr. Narel said, is a nurse of testingd which does not utilize the potential benefits to the maximum extent. Individualized testing serves a greater purpose by indicating to the student his characteristic needs on a relative basis of one to one. He may emerge from the counseling department with a greater appreciation of himself for what he is and a better understanding of his motivations, needs, and drives in life. Nancy lVlix0n .1519 J 011185 30 ECC Broward Community College has joined the ranks of about 1,000 colleges nationwide which allow students to exempt courses through the College Level Exemption Program lCLEPl. The purpose of the program is to give people who have acquired knowledge in an informal manner an opportunity to earn college credit, according to Aurelia Wagner, BCC counselor. CLEP tests are divided into two categories: general exams and subject exams. General exams consist ofa battery of five tests in the basic areas of liberal arts: English composition, humanities, mathematics, 'natural sciences, and social sciences-history Each test is designed to determine a student's knowlege of fundamental facts and concepts, his ability to perceive relationships, and his understanding of the basic principles of the particular area of study. Subject exams measure the student's knowledge in a particular discipline and assess his overall comprehension of a subject as compared on a nationwide basis to that of students who have completed a course in the field. BCC offers three semester hours of credit through CLEP tests to students in English Composition, lntroduction to Business Management lBA 100l, lntroduction to Business Law lBA 231l, lntroduction to Marketing lBA 170l, lntroduction to Accounting lBA 221 and 222l, lntroduction to Economics lECO 251 and 252l, Money and Banking lECO 254l, College Algebra lMTH 131l, Trigonometry lMTH 172l, Statistics lSTA 221j, American Government lPSC 1211, American History lHlS 201l, General Psychol09V iPSY 201l, Sociology lSOC 211l, Western Civilization lHlS 101 and 102l, and Elementary Computer Programming IDP 110l. A student at BCC is eligible to exempt a total of 15 hours in areas covered by the general exams and 15 hours in areas covered in subject exams, for a total of 30 hours, or an equivalent of a two semester course load if the student achieves at or above the fiftieth percentile on each exam. Technically, an entering freshman can become an instant sophomore , as is the case with 38 per cent of the 1971 freshman class at San Francisco State College. These hours of ungraded credit were awarded, however, on the basis of scores as low as the twenty-fifth percentile and above. Each college sets its own standards for accepting CLEP scores for cd credit, but no participating institu in the state of Florida is requir accept any lower than the fif percentile, according to Dr. Clir' Hamilton, vice president and dea academic affairs. Miami-Dade Ju. College, for example, recently ra its requirement from the twenty-lr to the fiftieth percentile. A The proposal to accept CLEP sc at BCC was presented to the faci by Dr. Hamilton on September' 1971. A strong vote in favor of motion prompted the appointmen a special committee, which studiedil program for five months. The pot met the final approval of the Bdi of Trustees on February 15, 191 During Term I, six students submi1i CLEP scores qualifying them ' exemption from particular coun according to Assistant Registrar GI Rose. This is not an indicati- however, of the number of E students who have taken CLEP te We only know about the success student, Rose said, who submitted his scores for exemptio A student who is interested in taki the CLEP tests must complete combined Registration-Admiss Form and send it, along with the ext fee, to the nearest test center. Cli tests are administered the third wi of every month in 60 test cent across the country, includ Miami-Dade Junior College, whicl' the nearest test center for B students. Fees are S15 for one gent examination and S25 for two or m tests taken. Subject examinations S15 each. Military personnel on active dutyi take the general exams free of cha through the United States Arn Forces Institute lUSAFll. . A student must be enrolled at B when taking the CLEP tests in on to get college credit at this institutii ln addition, a student cannot trans t from another college unless led there at the time the tests taken. The results are recorded le student's permanent academic d once he has exempted the es. Richard Burnette' of Florida lern College in Lakeland is :lered the foremost authority on l in this state, according to Rose. tudents entering upper division as at Florida Southern, including er students, are required to score the fiftieth percentile on the al CLEP examinations. Tests lcted in that school revealed the nts who scored at or above the on a particular CLEP test had 1 a grade of C in the respective e course. Thus, Dr. Burnette es the exams to be legitimate iretations of the student's ledge, whether it is acquired in rut of the formal academic sphere. aivably, the most important :t that CLEP will haveon college nts is the boost to the concept three year baccalaureate degree. elimination of one year , or even of college study on the basis of ledge acquired through personal iences will not only reduce le expenses for some students, nay also prompt reevaluation of red college curriculum and its ment of students' academic L' Nancy lVlixon .14 lgoom Q-.or clfdfening wave probably heard of the three f music: Bach, Beethoven, and 1s. And don't forget Burt rach, Dave Brubeck, and the es. But have you ever listened to music? Now you can, for free, in the listening room of the Fine Arts Building. With 600 records in the music room you can spend your free time listening to anything from classical music to Broadway scores, jazz, folk, and even rock. At any one time five different selections can be played with as many as 30 people listening. Did you recently get an album you want to hear but don't have a stereo on which to play it? Take it to the listening room. Mrs. Helen Roy, music librarian, will be willing to help you and you can stay there for hours listening to your own records. Do you have a piece of music you have to listen to for a class? Go to the listening room. There you will probably find a recording, and for some selections music books are available for the students' use. So get yourself some culture. Listen to some good music. The listening room is open from 8 a.m. to noon and reopens at 1 p.m. until 4. Wednesday and Thursday the room is open until 7 p-m- Julie Calsi 'l!f13 -- ery lll'lg0I'0uJ Next to the common cold, venereal disease is the most common communicable disease in America today, according to Gerald Dunleavy, Director of VD Epidemiology at the Broward County Health Department. But unlike the common cold, VD has a cure. There are several venereal diseases and all of them are very dangerous. However the two most common types of VD in the US are syphilis and gonorrhea. Today, public health experts rank gonorrhea first and syphilis fourth among the reportable communicable diseases in the country, In Florida, according to Dunleavy, over half of the cases reported were among teenagers and young adults between the ages of 15 and 22. He said that the Center for Disease Control in Atlanta, Ga. estimates that 2l million cases of gonorrhea will occur in the US this year. Syphilis and gonorrhea are not spread by water, food, or air. A person can not contract the diseases from toilet seats, or handles, drinking fountains, or eating utensils, or by lifting heavy things, or straining. The diseases are contracted through sex relations or close body contact. Gonorrhea, which is also known as clap, strain, gleet, morning drop, a dose and the whites, is passed from one person to another only through skin-to-skin contact, almost always during sexual intercourse. Two to six days following contact with the infected person, the male will experience a burning pain when urinating, accompanied by a discharge of pus. The female who has contracted gonorrhea rarely notices anything wrong. She may have an increased vaginal discharge, but she generally doesn't experience a burning pain when urinating. lf the disease is left untreated the male's sex glands can be damaged, resulting in sterility. In the female the disease can spread through her uterus intogthe fallopian tube and ovaries and also result in sterility. Unless it iS treated, gonorrhea can also lead to arthritis and heart trouble. During delivery, infants contract ,, gonnorhea as they pass through the birth canal. A severe inflammation of the eye, known as gonorrheal conjunctivitis, which produces rapid ulceration and perforation of the cornea, can leave scars and lead to blindness. Like gonorrhea, syphilis, which is also knowh as pox, mes, bad blood, siff, hair-cut and old joe, is contracted through skin-to-skin contact from another infected person, almost always during sexual intercourse. In the primary stage of the disease, the first sign of infection is usually a painless sore which is called a chancre. The chancre appears where the germs entered the body usually 10 to 90 days after the disease was contracted. The chancre looks like a pimple, a blister or an open sore. Left untreated the chancre will eventually disappear, but this doesn't mean that syphilis is gone. The germs are spreading through the entire body. In the secondary stage of syphilis, a rash on any part of the body, soreS in the mOUth, fever, headache, sore throat, falling hair, or all of these signs might appear three to six weeks after the first sore. These signs may not be noticed, and left untreated they will disappear also. But the syphilis germs remain in the body and are carried by the blood stream to all parts of the body. lt may take five to 25 years for the damage to appear, but when it does it may be in the form of blindness, insanity, heart disease, paralysis, deformity, deafness, and even death. lf a woman is pregnant, syphilis can cross the placenta and infect the fetus after the 18th week of pregnancy. If the mother's disease is detected and treated before, then the baby will not be affected by,the disease. The syphilitic newborn infant may be very small and appear starved. lt may be covered with blistery sores, be crippled because of bone damage, or suffer anemia, enlargement of liver and spleen, pneumonia, meningitis, kidney disease or any combination of these. However, symptoms may not appear at birth. If the disease is not diagnosed and treated, serious eye damage may develop during childhood which can result in blindness near the age of puberty. As the child grows, bone damage may cause deformity, teeth become misshapen, skin becomes scarred, and deafness, nerve damage and insanity may precede death at an early age. However, both diseases can be cured. Usually it takes only penicillin to cure either disease. For those who cannot take penicillin, there are other drugs. It is imperative to go to a doctor or health department clinic immediately if syphilis or gonorrhea is suspected. There tests, usually just a blood test, will be done to diagnose the disease, treatment will be administered and all information is kept strictly confidential. Minors will be treated without the notification of their parents, unless the person wants his parents notified. According to Jim Prugh, an epidemiologist at the Broward County Health Department, it isn't necessary to give your correct name and address at the VD clinics. Just because a person has been exposed to the disease doesn't mean he has it. But it's best to come in for a test, he said. Prugh added that although both these diseases are curable, a person can contract them again if he is exposed to someone who has it. A person can also have syphilis and gonorrhea at the same time. The Broward County Health Department has VD clinics at the following locations: Broward County Health Department, State Ro and SW 6th Avenue, Fort Laudl daily from 8-9:30: Northwest Department, 624 NW 15 Way Lauderdale, Monday and Th from 8 a.m. to 9:30 a.m.: Broward Health Department, Pembroke Road, Holly Wednesday from 8 a.m. to 9:3 and at the Pompano Department, 237 NW 9 Pompano Beach, Tuesday and from 8 a.m. to 9:30 a.m. Prugh said that there are gener: to 25 people a day at the VD VD. It just doesn't stand for Vi Disease, it also stands for Dangerous. According to Gerald Dunleavy, a disease that affects a man, vi or child in the US every 15 sec Ruth anning fl ' amz g We'll all be a-doubling, a-doubli a-doubling, We'lI all be a-doubling in thirty' years. Those are the first two lines of by Pete Seeger in which he sings people pollution, an idea wh considered by some to be one biggest threats to the i environment. Growth in population may notl the world's destruction, but wi' concern about ecology conservation in recent years, l planning is probably as import the monthly budget to many 1 people today. I ome people family planning means 1g no more than two children, e to others it means planning 1 to start a family and how many Iren to have in a certain number ears. aps the best way to plan a family i employ some method of birth rol. For the woman these rods include the use of the tragm, foam, the IUD lthe coili, control pills, and the rhythm od. Nomen who are unable to afford 'ivate physician, the Broward ty Health Department sponsors Family Planning Clinics at various ions in the county. the clinics, each woman is ined and tests are made for eal disease, as well as a pap smear to test for cancer. :linics offer the following birth ol devices to the patients: birth ol pills, diaphragms, foam and wed permission slip is required for women who are under 21 years e and an annual examination is 'ed of all the Family Planning patients. ly Planning Clinics are scheduled e following locations: Pompano h Department, 237 NW 9 Street, iano Beach, at 8 a.m. Monday 4:30 p.m. Wednesday: South ard Health Department, 7699 lroke Road, Hollywood, at l p.m. lay and at 5 p.m. Wednesday: twest Health Department, 624 l5 Way, at 5 p.m. Wednesday and a.m. Friday, and the Broward ty Health Department, State 84 and SW 6 Avenue, Fort erdale, at 5:30 p.m. Thursday at 12:30 p.m. Friday. rding to the Broward County h Department, a woman should for an appointment before attending a Family Planning Clinic. Famlli' Planning to some people is a 09W Idea: perhaps to others it seems a necessity. Pete Seeger says: Either people are going to have to get smaller Or the worId's going to have to get bigger Or there's a couple of other possibilities I - . Il l ll leave it to you to figger. Fluth Lantzy .cznanciafudid On Campus In the Student Services building, the offices at the southwest corner of the second floor dispatch some very important, and in some cases vital, services. These include financial aid and off campus housing. Comparing the two processes, BCC's role in finding students housing is much less structured than that in finding money. Mrs. Louise Buck, secretary to the dean of student affairs, has a notebook full of apartment references, which are not solicited, not screened, and therefore not rated or classified by the college. The notebook is updated every two months, with new entries added as they arrive. So, if you've got an apartment, or if you'd like one, contact the Student Affairs Office, extension 343. ln the Financial Aid Office, one may obtain information concerning the various opportunities available: workships lboth on campus and offl, federal loans and grants, institutional college loans linterest-free and for the duration of the terml, and special grants for specific studies lfor example, nursing and law enforcementi. Mrs. Betty Cooper stated that about 99 per cent of the special donor scholarships are delegated to students independent of the financial aid office, and students wishing to apply for one of these should go directly to the sponsoring organization. However, many students may qualify for a waiver of fees, totalling 3115. The requirements vary. Each high school graduating class receives two waivers, there are waivers for students from the Dominican Republic, for children of employees, and for students participating in athletics. In addition, there are nine Divisional Honors waivers for those who have maintained a 3.0 average through their freshman year lapply through your major departmentl. Those departments awarding waivers to both incoming freshman and returning students include the art department i3 waivers givenl, drama l4l, debate l7l, secretarial science i2i, music l1Ol, SPANS l100i. Each of the five trustees may award two waivers to students they select, and the Institute of International Education distributes four more waivers. Also, the officers of the Student Government Association lSGAi receive waivers. Mrs. Cooper pointed out that all students are evaluated according to a formula established by the college and sanctioned by the state. She added that BCC previously used the Parents' Confidential Statement lPCSl also, but it took too long to get the application evaluated, and BCC's formula varies only very slightly in classification. JUNE Cm, 1 1 .q. Y: fl 1' t i ,f:, ' 4 .x.- ' 4' ' ' -X I I ff, f -K r ' f ' . 'M' A ,g z' C? Q A . l L- -Eh - f X ,jx .tl -i114 I A: 1- illg 11-4 , ' ' llll - ' ' A ,,', llli , 'ff' I I 3 'tml' f ,znc-, 1 v J' f1 lg1 V . fnlf' -:. 'Z qi K - xsane If - f . .A .1 1 '1 .1 I '71 P fy 1:1421-ffiff 1' 'l , f 4 - 1 fa- ' f,3++-w- ffm,-73, 'f ,J L , r- -1 h ,-.Lg 'A -Ii 122' '71 ,. 'M-V' 451 I- ' :-- 't126: lv.- 'L'-ff . li ' '1 - -C 1 1 g- if g BCC COOKERY ,f C ...Men In The Kitchen by Fluth Lantzy According to Dr. Paul Cauffiel, chairman of the division of Social Science at BCC, there are probably a lot of men on campus who think they can cook. But by the results of a survey I made on the BCC Central Campus, there are not only a lot of men who think they can cook, but there are many who would probably be considered experts in the world of culinary arts. With members of the Women's Liberation movement boasting about women who run for public office, work as linemen for the telephone company and work on consturction jobs, it seems fair that the men should be given equal time. When asked if they could cook, many men said that they could if it was a matter of survival and even then, some of them admitted, their survival might be doubtful. Others asserted that they were experts at burning water, eggs and toast while one masculine member of the BCC staff added that he could make mean piece of cinnamon toast. However there are about 25 men at BCC who compose the Broward Community College cooking elite and not only were they eager to boast about their talents but when asked for one of their favorite recipes, they were willing to give us three or four. So here they are, the chefs and their recipes. The men assured us that the recipes aren t hard. So they should be easy enough that even a fumbling female couldn't mess them up. Among the dabblers in gourmet cooking in the science departments is Albert Will, a budding chef, who teaches Botany. One of his specialities is Shrimp Cantonese although he mentioned that his avocado soup is delicious also. SHRIMP CANTONESE FOR TWO 1 doz. large shrimp 1 tsp. l roundedl tausi 1 tsp. MSG lmonosodium glutamatel 2 tsp. sugar 1!2 lb. pork sausage 3 stalks green onions 2 eggs 1 qt. clear chicken broth or water 1 cup oriental rice, short grain 1 1!2 oz. soy sauce 1X2 tsp. salt U4 cup cornstarch 2 oz. saki For the Tausi, mash the following ingredients thoroughly:' 1 cup Chinese black beans 1 tbsp. grated fresh ginger 1 tbsp. finely chopped garlic Tausi may be kept in the refrigerator as long as one yei Will said that it is necessary to go to a gourmet shop siil as Aloha Foods lnc.,in Fort Lauderdale, to buy the Chine black beans and the fresh ginger. fl Fry the pork sausage and tausi until well done in a deep pan over high heat. Add broth, MSG, sugar, salt, soy saiJQ and saki. Bring to a boil and then reduce heat to medilif Cover and simmer for three minutes more. Mix cornstali in U4 cup water and add to frying pan, stirring constant until thickened. Beat eggs and add while constantly stirring Add chopped green onions and serve immediately over a of rice. . . i Q A : isn't all that Byron Franklin makes. ln the Fine Arts ing, Franklin is also famous for his cooking. Ask the in Fine Arts if they can cook and they will probably ar, no, but Mr. Franklin does . Here are two of his ites. TORTILLAS ENCHILADAS b. 12 oz. can tomatoes, stewed or whole i, salt sp. oregano onions in oil until tender, add the remaining ingredients simmer for 30 minutes. 9 Js chopped cooked chicken or turkey as sour cream b. i2 cupsl shredded mild cheddar cheese combine these ingredients and set aside. las, 1. 12 frozen tortillas ach defrosted tortilla in very hot oil for approximately Jonds or until limp. Stack on a separate plate until ready e. iblyg 0 at oven to 350. 2 tbsp. of the filling in the center of each tortilla, roll an oblong cylinder and place the enchilada, side seam in a baking dish. Proceed in the same manner for the 11 tortillas enchiladas. When the enchiladas are leted, pour the sauce over them and bake for 20 minutes til bubbly and serve hot. XKED PORK CHOPS IN SOUR CREAM k chops, each approximately 1 inch thick i sour cream 1 leaf 9. distilled vinegar 9. sugar I beef broth Jle cloves up flour I' at oven to 3500. Render fat from trimmed chops over 'ate heat. Salt and pepper each chop, dredge in flour tick a clove in the center of each one. Brown lightly rendered fat, adding more oil if necessary. Remove from and place in flame-proof casserole with cover. fvhile, combine sour cream, broth, vinegar, sugar and bay n a sauce pan. Bring to simmer and pour over the ned chops. Cover the casserole tightly and bake for xiamtely 45 minutes or until chops are tender. over buttered egg noodles or rice accompanied by fresh salad. .This next one is a classic Hungarian dish George Chillag of Learning Resourcesthe chef and also a Hungariumn, claims. He added that this recipe is good for those who are on a budget. Who isnt these days? VIRSTLI GULYAS lSausage Goulashl 1X2 lb. package all beef frankfurters, sliced in 112 inch lengths 112 lb. package smoked Polish sausage or ltalian sausage, sliced in U2 inch lengths 4 or 5 medium size potatoes, diced 2 medium sized onions, chopped 1 bell pepper,diced 8 oz. can peeled tomatoes, ido not drainl 1 1!2 tbsp. paprika 1!2 tsp. salt 3 tbsp. cooking oil iolive oill In large iron pot saute onions until brown in cooking oil over medium high heat. Add diced peppers, cook for 2 minutes. Stir in paprika rapidly, immediately adding meat. To avoid burning paprika, add meat immediately, stirring constantly. Add diced potatoes, tomatoes and salt. Cover and simmer over low heat until potatoes are done, approximately 20 minutes. Senfes 4. Being Lebanese has influenced Dr. Kareem Asal's taste for food. Naturally he's a gourmet when it comes to Lebanese food. Not only does he like to eat it but according to most of his colleagues in the Nlath Department, he is also an artist when it comes to cooking it. BAKED SH RlNlP KIBBEE 2 cups cracked wheat lsoak for 20 minutesl 1 2 lbs fresh ground shrimp 4 med. minced onions 3 tbsp. pine nuts iif using white fishl 1X8 tsp. cloves 1!4 tsp. black pepper cherries ground 1X8 tsp. allspice 1 tbsp. salt 4 sprigs mint lor 1 tsp. ground mintl 1!2 cup oil ino substitutel Drain cracked wheat, grind shrimp, mix both and add spices, mix minced onions well into the meat and wheat, kneading and moistening with cold water. Grease baking dish with oil. and make layer of fish and wheat mixture about 1 inch deep. Glaze top with oil, cut into squares or diamond shape pieces. Use moistened spatula to insure definite ridges. Perforate with finger in flour places to allow oil to penetrate to bottom of baking pan. Bake in 4000 preheated oven about 30 minutes or until browned evenly. This fish and wheat mixture can also be fried and broiled. NOTE: Prepared cracked wheat is available at most stores that sell middleeeastern foods. 44 1-... 'H-4115. 0 dl v ga f ,Q et -1... I: .. J .V A V Y. , Zag ' t Robert L. Nixon of the Aerospace Department sent this little gem. Nixon, who claims that he liveslin a white house,said that if you enjoy eating spareribs, you ll enjoy this dish. The sauce is on the subtle side and does not overwhelm the good taste of the meat. SPARERIBS TRADER NICK 4 lbs. fresh pork spareribs-cut into 1-rib pieces l Tbsp- Salt W 2 tbsp. red wine vinegar 112 YSP- PPDPGVCOVUS 1 tbsp. grated lemon rind 1 TDSD- bl-mer 1!4 cup lemon juice CUp minced Ol'llOl'lS 1 tgp- gfound ginger. 1 cup apple jelly l12 oz. jarl Place ribs in a large sauce-pot and add enough water to cover ribs. Add salt and peppercorns. Bring water to boil, reduce heat, cover and simmer for 30 minutes. Drain and place ribs, meaty side down, in shallow dish. In small saucepan melt butter, add onion and cook gently until wilted. Add all the remaining ingredients and cook over low heat, stirring until jelly melts. Pour over ribs, cover and refrigerate for several hours or overnight. To finish cooking ribs, remove from marinade and broil over very low glowing charcoal, turning and basting with marinade until well browned, about 10 minutes, or broil in similar manner in kitchen oven. Yields 4 servings as main dish or 8 to 10 servings as an appetizer. Nixon also added lf you also serve enough booze, the guests will shower you with compliments. Chicken Divan is one of Harold Theriault's favorites. Theriault, a history instructor at BCC, said that he perfected this recipe a long time ago. A few friends and I fooled around with this for a longtime with some Philippino cooks when I was in the Navy.' CHICKEN DIVAN 2 small pkgs. frozen broccoli, half cooked 1 lb. chicken breasts l lb. chicken legs and thighs 1 can creamed chicken soup, undiluted 1f2 cup mayonaise lPremierl 1X2 tsp. lemon juice 'l!2 tsp. curry powder celery tops 2 chopped onions Q9 sg. In pot, cover chicken with water, add celery tops and 0 and seasons to taste. Boil chicken for 1 hour. Bone ch' and cut in large, but servable pieces. To make sauce, co creamed chicken soup, mayonaise, lemon juice and 1, powder. Place cut broccoli in greased casserole, then gr chicken over broccoli and cover with sauce. Cover with 1 crumbs and butter. Bake at 3500-4000 until topping is b and mixture is bubbly. Serves'4. To make soup, use stock in which chicken was cook soup base. Add diced carrots and parsley. After carrot cooked, add 1!2 cup minute rice. i 4 i When l was traveling around the campus asking the md they could cook, the male members of the Cheml Department told me that Dr. Harry Smith, Executive El of Central Campus, was an honest-to- goodness gent gourmet and his Wild Duck Paella was out of this world.i recipe calls for six wild ducks and according to Dr. Srl the size of the ducks may vary according to one's hurl ability. He added that they should average about 2-3 pour WILD DUCK PAELLA 6 wild ducks 1 112 cups olive oil 3 cups uncooked long grain rice 6 cloves garlic,chopped 2 bay leaves 2 tsp. fresh saffron 6 med. tomatoes, peeled 5 cups chicken stock 2 green peppers, sliced in rings 2 large pimentos, sliced 3 lbs. hot Spanish sausage cayenne pepper 2 doz. clams 2-3 lbs. shrimp lin the shelll 2-3 lobster tails lcut up in the shelll 1-2 lbs. fish fillet 2-3 doz. oysters lin the shell if possiblel other sea food as you wish 2-3 cups very small green peas Cut wild duck in serving pieces and brown in olive oil. P browned duck in large iron or deep dish casserole. Place rice and garlic in olive oil and fry until lightly brl or until rice grains are clear. Add stock, bay leaf and saff bring to boil and pour half of the rice over duck. i tomatoes, green pepper, pimento. Cut sausage into ser pieces and brown in skillet. Add to casserole and poul remaining rice. Add salt pepper and cayenne to taste. Gi tightly and cook in hot oven l425ol for 30 minutes. Add clams, shrimp, lobster, fish, oysters and peas. Fleturl oven and bake covered at reduced heat l375Ul about minutes more or until seafood is done. If casserole becq too dry, add additional chicken stock or Water. - Serve hot. This dish will serve about 10-12 adequately But Dr. Smith is not the only man in the administrationi can whip up fancy dish. In his own way, Dr. Hugh Adi BCC President, is also a chic chef. ' COFFEE CAKE up butter, oleo if on austere budget of sugar brown or white s, preferably chicken cups flour, lazy or self rising up milk . baking powder led nuts, any amount ill can of fruit cocktail, drained i sugar and butter. Add milk and unbeaten eggs, mix Sift the flour and baking powder and blend with the and butter. Pour into a well-greased loaf cake pan and le the top with cinnamon, nuts, sugar and other assorted to suit personal taste. Dot well with butter after ate stirring, considerable hoping and some prayer. in a moderate oven for 20 minutes. A period of fasting to eating will enhance the taste. ms that in the Foreign Language Department George wski is almost a legend. When asked if they could cook en in that department would barely say yes or no. They Jld me to see Mr. Poprowski. It seems he does miracles 2 kitchen. For this veal cutlet dish Poprowski suggests tshould be served with rice and your favorite salad and ded, forget about your diet for once. VEAL CUTLET lA Little Differentl lbs. veal cutlet, sliced 114 inch thick resh mushrooms, sliced or 1-8 oz. can 1. sized onions, chopped J. sliced Swiss cheese iepperlto tastel 2, sage and rosemary ltiny sprinkle for each piece of veal cutlet slices in hot pan for three minutes to seal for. Pork tenderloin which is more readily available and less expensive, according to Poprowski may be tuted for veal CLlllE1'.Se350n to taste, eantime, saute in another pan chopped onions in ning lbacon drippings enhance the tastell until tenter. nushrooms slices and saute for 2 more minutes. ge slices of veal in baking dish, or use 4 small individual ales. Top with mixture of onions and mushrooms, then 'ith slices of Swiss cheese. Bake in 3000 oven for 15 es or cook on top of stove over low flame in tightly ed dish. Serves 4. rd Hill, chairman of the Division of Mathematics and ze, not only rendered a recipe for broiled mackeral but o noted where and how you could catch the fish. :ommends using a light spinning rod and reel with 8-10 at line, 32 leader with jig tipped with fresh shrimp or k spoon. He said that a good fishing spot is in Lake which is located between West Palm Beach and Palm . Broil blue fillets the same as mackeral e but scale before ig. lf, perhaps, you wouldn't recognize a Spanish eral, even if you did catch one, Hill said that it is a r silver fish with about 6 gold spots near its tail. f., 9 LSL, ,ujll,,.- BROILED MACKERAL Place fresh mackeral fillets in a broiler pan, skin side down. Add salt, pepper and dust uniformly with paprika. Squeeze lime juice over fillets and dot with squares of butter. Broil for 10-12 minutes and serve with additional lime juice. According to Frank Sivik, BCC biology instructor, this is his best fudge recipe. He warns that there are hundreds of calories in each piece. FUDGE 1 112 cups white sugar 213 cup evaporated milk 114 cup margarine 114 tsp. salt 2 cups marshmallow fluff a candy thermometer lthis is essential for succesful candy makingl 2 cups chocolate chips 1 cup chopped walnuts 1 tsp. vanilla Combine the sugar, evaporated milk, margarine, salt, and marshmallow fluff and boil until temperature of 2400 is reached. Remove from heat and immediately add chocolate chips until they are melted. Add walnuts and vanilla. Pour into a well greased pan. Geology instructor James Condon donated a recipe that should be just about as firm as the Bock of Gibralta, Key Lime Gelatin. So all you people who have key limes falling off your trees, here's something else you can do with them, besides making pies and smashing them when you walk on them. KEY LIME GELATIN 1 envelope unflavored Knox gelatin 112 cup cold water 1 cup boiling water 112 cup sugar 113 cup Key Lime juice banannas, thinly sliced a few pecan halves Put envelope of gelatin into cold water. Add boiling water and stir. Add 112 cup sugar and let cool. Add Key Lime juice and put in refrigerator. When the gelatin is 213 set add thinly sliced banannas, lCondon says the banannas are a mustll or any other fruit to taste. Place a few pecan halves on top of fruit and place gelatin in refrigerator. Refrigerate until firm. Serve with whipped cream and maraschino cherry. NOTE: If you are unable to obtain Key Limes, Condon said he would get them for you. 4 According to George Roberts, psychology instructor, this recipe is an old family heirloom. It has been passed down through the generations and he claims he learned how to prepare if from watching his mother when he was a little boy. ROBERTS' HONIE MADE CHILE 1 No. 16 can tomatoes 1 No. 16 can chopped zucchini squash 1 lb. chopped meat, ground stew beef 1 No. -16 can red kidney beans 1 cup chopped onions 1 bell pepper chopped 1 can tomatoe puree 1 packet chili flavoring garlic salt to taste. ln pot, brown meat and add the rest of the ingredients. Cook over low heat until onions are tender. Senle over white rice. Serves 4. Librarian Grady Drake is another famous campus cook. It seems that he's known for his magic in the kitchen by just about everyone on campus. Drake said that this recipe for Broccoli Salad is a great health food. So all you health food enthusiasts, be sure to try this one. BROCCOLI SALAD 1 head of broccoli 6 strips of bacon 5 tbsp. bacon grease 2X3 cup chopped onions 4 tbsp. vinegar 4 tbsp. water 2 tbsp. sugar Trim away the broccoli stalk, which should result in 4 cups raw broccoli flowerlets. Saute bacon strips until crisp. In the bacon grease, saute the onions until tender, but not brown. Mix the vinegar, water and sugar until the sugar dissolves and pour into sauteed onions. Crumble the bacon over the raw broccoli and pour onion bacon greased mixture over the broccoli. Toss and serve. As a salad course it will serve 6. According to Ben Bockstege of the Nlath Department, the amounts of the ingredients in his recipe for waffles are given in multiples of four. That's a math teacher for you. They are always thinking about figures. A favorite of all their friends, this recipe yields 2-3 doz. waffles. So you can make a batch, eat some and freeze the rest. When in hurry, take a couple out of the freezer, pop into the toaster and presto, you ve make yourself a delicious meal or snack. WAFFLES 1 qt. buttermilk 4 cups white flour 4 tsp, baking powder 2 tsp. baking soda 1 tsp. salt 112 cup sugar to taste 314 cup oil, sausage or bacon fat--lhotl 4-6 eggs Turn on waffle iron almost as high as it can go at least U2 hour before using. Put all ingredients in bowl and beat with electric mixer. Cook on waffle iron. Bockstege suggests serving these waffles with crunchy peanut butter and boiling hot Pennsylvania maple syrup, or with butter and powdered sugar. C9545 1:3 N Qi, ...Ni - A . A Q ii H E '15 5355119 . ii-Q 95 lZU-P .f '! If you don't have any maple syrup or would like to i' make your own here s the Bockstege's family recipe forma made maple syrup. 1 HOMEMADE MAPLE SYRUP l 4 cups white sugar E 1!2 cup light brown sugar 3 2 cups water 1 tsp. vanilla ' 1 tsp.. maple flavoring i optional: U2 cup pure maple syrup l l Blend sugar and water and bring to a boil. Simmer li minutes and remove from heat. Add flavorings. Yields ei more than a quart. l 1 William Bailey, head of The Department of Physical 'Sciel is acclaimed by many in the Science Department tqii gourmet in French cooking. This recipe is not a French ,n- it is one,according to Bailey, that has been in his familyl the 185O's. For Yankees only, this dish has a flavoll doesn't overwhelm one, Bailey claims it has a delicate DEVILED CLAMS 1 doz. large clams 1 U2 cups water - salt pepper 3 eggs 4 onions cracker crumbs Put clams and onions through grinder. Save clam juigg clams, onions, juice and water in pan and boil for 5 Add well beaten eggs and enough cracker crumbs tug a thick mush. Wash clam shells and fill with mush. .E hot fat, mush side down until brown. -J Basketball coach Randy Everly dribbles on the baslij court, not on the stove. At least he tries not to when E his thick and meaty vegetable soup into soup bowls.,.fi or four basketball teams can have a feast with this dishl. serves 15-20 people. 3 THICK AND MEATY VEGETABLE SOUP J. chuck roast, cut up nions an green peas chopped potatoes ead of cabbage talks of celery, diced arrots, diced an tomatoes, undrained an corn ups macorioni ts. water ons to taste iot, brown meat and onions. Add water, potatoes, cabbage, ry, carrots, tomatoes, seasons and macoroni. Simmer for 12 hours. ln last 15-20 minutes add corn and peas. A .Y - '90 S6-6' ' J ' o X A1026 4,3 N., - . ies McGowan, director of the Criminal Justice institute, done some in depth investigations in the kitchen. Through work, it seems he has discovered the secrets to preparing .uper Sukiyaki dish. McGowan recommends the Aloha ids Inc. store in Fort Lauderdale from which to obtain Japanese ingredients. JAPANESE SU KIYAKI CEI iup Shoyu lJapanese Soy Saucel 1 cup water ar to taste. nbine ingredients to make 1 pt. sauce. White wine may substituted for water. 1!2 lb. choice beef mall can Yakidofu lbean curdl ans Shirstake unches green onions or 1 bunch leeksg diagonally sliced mall can bamboo shoots alk Chinese cabbage, sliced beef 1!8 to 1X4 inch thick and 1 inch byothree inches, e in skillet that has been preheated to 280 and greased a piece of suet. Add bean curd that has been diced into inch squares. Cover with sauce. Gradually add other etables, stirring very little. Serve in individual dishes. A egg, whipped in the individual dish with Sukiyaki placed lt, is the Japanese way. Pour the remaining sauce over ked rice. you have any ice cream left in the freezer that you'd to serve as a treat, here is Mcgowan srecipe for chocolate ce. CHOCOLATE SAUCE 1 U4 cups milk 1 cup powdered sugar 1!2 tbsp butter 2 oz. unsweetened chocolate 1 tsp. vanilla V8 tsp. salt Cook milk, chocolate and butter over slow fire, stirring until chocolate melts and mixture is thick. Add sugar and cook until it thickens again, stirring constantly. Add vanilla and sal. and mix well. This is a top secret recipe. Coach R.L. Landers, told me to come by his office and pick up the recipe, but wouldn't say what it was. He also wouldn't tell anyone in the Phys. Ed. Department what his favorite recipe was. So here it is and according to Landers this is an excellent treat at Christmas. CAROLER'S CRUNCH 1!2 cup evaporated milk 3X4 cup sugar 2 tbsp. butter or margarin 1 pkg. butterscotch morsels, 6 oz. 1 tsp. vanilla 2 cups ready to eat oat 1 cup of salted peanuts 1 cup broken pretzel sticks Combine evaporated milk, sugar and butter in medium saucepan. Bring to a full boil, stirring constantly. Continue to boil, stirring constantly for 2 minutes. Remove from heat. Add butterscotch pieces and vanilla and stir until smooth. Combine cereal, peanuts, pretzels in mixing bowl. Add butterscotch mixture and toss lightly until well coated. Drop quickly by heaping teaspoons onto wax paper or foil. Let stand until set. Store in covered container if any is left. Makes 3-4 dozen. Our last BCC campus cook is chemistry instructor Ronald Haire. When asked if could cook, Haire asserted, l cook,l had to teach my wife how to cook. So all you men who think your wife or girl friend might need some cooking lessons, why not suggest this dish, Hungarian Goulash. lf she can t do this, one, its time you realized that you better do the cooking, for survival's sake, at least. HUNGARIAN GOULASH 1 lb. beef, cut into 1 inch cubes 1X4 tsp. dry mustard 2 tbsp. brown sugar 1X4 tsp. salt 3 tbsp. Worcestershire sauce 314 tsp. cider vinegar 6 tbsp. ketchup 1 1!2 cup water 3 tbsp. flour 1-602. pkg. noodles 2 med. onions, minced. Brown beef in dutch oven, add onions. Combine mustard, brown sugar and salt. Combine Worcestershire sauce, cider vinegar, and ketchup and add this mixture to the mustard mixture. Add combined mixtures to browned meat. Add 1 cup water, stir, cover and cook over low heat until meat is very tender, about 2 112 hours. Blend flour with 1X2 cup water and add to meat mixture. Stir until thickened. Boil noodles in salted water until tender and drain. Serve meat mixture over noodles. WINDOWSILL HERBS Susie Haney You want to try growing something, but you're a busy student who hasn't the time or the parental permission to dig up the backyard for a garden. Here's your solution. Grow fragrant, useful herbs on your own sunny windowsill in pots. You may think you have another problem because gardening instructions assume a lot of knowledge and just boggle your mind, but here are some simple directions to start you on your way. Get a box of bird cage gravel from the super market, a bag of potting soil ienough to fill the potsl, and a small amount of dehydrated manure, 6 clay or plastic 4-to-6-inch diameter pots and herb seeds - Basil, Chiver, Dill, Marjoram, Oregano, and Parsley -- from a garden center. Put a layer of coarse sand in the bottom of each pot and a pebble over the hole so the sand won't run out. Mix the soil for each pot separately according to this recipe Average soil - 1 part bird cage gravel to 5 parts potting soil, Medium Rich soil - 1 heaping tb. dehydrated manure to potting soil, Rich soil A 2 heaping tablespoons dehydrated manure to potting soil. Give Dill and Marjoram average soil, give Basil and Chives medium-rich soil, and give Oregano and Parsley rich soil. Soak Parsley and Marjoram seeds overnight in warm water to speed germination. Fill the pot with your mix, firm it down to 1!2 inch from the top rim, then sow the seeds - 1 dozen to a pot. lf the seeds are fine, just put a few grains of soil on top of them, if they are larger, cover with 1X8 inch of soil. Put a saucer under the pot to catch the water, then thoroughly water, trying not to disturb the seeds. Cover each pot with plastic wrap, and secure it with a rubber band. Then put a piece of cardboard on top to keep the inside dark. Check for germination daily. lt should take one to two weeks for them to sprout. When they sprout, remove the cardboard and the plastic wrap. Keep the soil moist, especially during the early stages. Thin the plants after the second set of leaves appears, leaving the strongest 2 or 3 plants in the pot. Use the thinnings in a special salad. Give your seedlings plenty of light. Even a few hours will suffice for most herbs. Now that you've got your pots of probably gold growing, you're wondering what you can use your herbs for and why they rate that name. Shred your Basil into vegetable soup or bright salads and use it wherever there's a tomato. It goes well in stews, cheese, meat, and egg dishes, too. ln the old days basil tea was used as a remedy for indigestion. om weed, that's the stuff floating in the bottom of the pickle jar, can be used in more than one form. Put the tender leaves into bland, subtle tastes like new potatoes or cucumber salads, or use them anytime you have garlic. Cheese, lamb, salads, sauces and pickles are a few places its leaves go. Put the dill seeds into your home baked bread or into salad dressings. Early Americans thought dill seeds were good for stomach gas and as a cure for hiccoughs. Marjoram should not be cooked in anything for longer than two minutes, so put it in your long cooking lamb, poultry, soups, and stews at the last minute. If you'll mince it up with lemon joice it makes a tasty dressing for celery hearts and ripe olives. Or add a pinch to your scrambled eggs to start the morning out right. Does it really cure exhaustion and fatigue? Try it for yourself and see. Oregano makes you think of Latin or Mediterranean cookery, especially in il l soups, stews, meat balls, sausagei pork stuffings, tomato sauces barbecue sauces, as well as zucii and eggplant. A pretty tasty thoui Chives go well with fish, eggs, chd pork, stews, potatoes and in sod Early ideas of what this was gi for were sinus, nenles, skin, coi coughs, headaches, and pleasant sli Parsley is perhaps most often seeii that little sprig of green that is sen with the entree in a restaurant, bu is tasty chopped up in things as ii as for a garnish. Try it in cheese, stews, soups, meat, and vegeta dishes. But don't stop here. Besides mal your room smell good and adding.: touch of green to your life, you. drink them too. Make herb teasr vinegars. To make a herb tea, put' teaspoon of the dried herb in all of boiling water. Serve with hone lemon. You can make herb vine by putting one tablespoon off crushed, fresh, or dried herb in a and adding one pint of boiling vinf Cover and let it set for ten Strain and bottle it for use whed vinegar is called for. 1 1 Anyone wishing to go furtherl herb gardening can join the Society of America, 300 Massachui Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts, and receive all kinds of informal and lore about herbs. l Obtain seeds at your local gaj center or by mail. Joseph HE Company, Moreton Farm, Buf Road, Route 33, Rochester, 1 York, 14642 will send you a cas free. Or 25112 brings you a cai from Oak Ridge Organic Herb - P. O. Box 1055, Alton, lllinois, 62 Logee's Greenhouse, 550 North S' Daneilson, Connecticut, 06239, also send you a catalog for the as Some people believe that a perso improve one's life with a dash off magic. But don't take someone word for it. Try it yourself. A' ff ,. fl 'F we 4 make a wonderful high, says as she dumps the freshly :ed mushrooms into her s blender and adds some juice to disguise their otherwise flavor. Legal, easy to get, and Jowerful. What more could you r? Il an year old Candy and her have just returned from r Magic Mushroom Hunt in City, Florida. The small town, I to the south of Ft. Pierce, has y become extremely popular 'shroomu hunters due to its fields and bountiful crops. fields around here have been dry, she remarks while g portions of the now grayish e. More and more people have nding out about this stuff every A lot of the cops are starting 2 up, so we generally get hassled, 2 can usually find enough time wer a week's supply. minutes later the smelly liquid y consumed by the four shroom On the kitchen counter s the empty blender and a bag f 2 to 9 inch, grayish-white, -black spored, harmless looking moms. A short time more and all f them are blown out of their minute or two the Caterpillar he hookah out of its mouth, and d once or twice, and shook Then it got down off the Dom, and crawled away into the merely remarking, as it went, ide will make you taller, and the side will make you grow I 1 'One side of what? The other side of what?', thought Alice to herself. 'Of the mushroom,' said the Caterpillar. 'Come, my head's free at last.' Said Alice in a tone of delight Lewis Carol! Alice ls Adventures in Wonderland 81 Through the Looking-Glass I am sitting in a richly furnished apartment in Hallandale. Mary walks in from the kitchen with a hand full of letters and hands them to me. I've already made S200 this week, she says smiling. All I do istake the orders, drive my van up to the pastures in White City, load up with shrooms, and ship them to my customers via air mail. lt all started about three years ago, she continues sitting down on the soft blue shag carpet. I was then going to school in Gainesville and very much into dope. Up there the mushrooms were just about everywhere. One weekend some friends and I searched through a pasture and found some of the Magic Mushrooms we had heard so much about. We went home and made tea out of them. Afterwards we drank, the high that came over us was unbelievable. Hallucinations and beautiful colors, and it was all legal. There are over 38,000 known species of mushrooms, so I was curious as to how she knew what she was picking wasn't poison. We had very specific instructions. First of all, they only grow in cowshit and after a heavy rain. So if it rains all evening and it is overcast all morning, your hunting will be IOOW better than if it's been sunny and dry. Second, if you break or tear the stem after you pick them, the exposed portion will turn a purpleish color. Some dude once explained to me that this is an enzyme reaction to the oxygen in the air. Whatever causes it, this is one of the telltale signs. Third, they smell and taste flisgusting, When you first DUI them into your mouth your head will say, 'Get that stuff out of here.' It takes a lot just to get them downg that's why we mix them in stews, soups, and sprinkle them on pizzas. lf you can take a pun, I begin. How did your, uh, business grow? Mary removes the letters from my hand and selects one addressed to New York. Craig, she continues, pointing to the typed address. I-le wanted to continue doing the shrooms after he graduated. Unfortunately where he moved, none grew. When I wrote him telling that they were available to me he placed an order. A simple thing at first: he just paid postage and l sent what he wanted. After a while word spread and so did orders. Ironically, a lot now come from Gainesville. This is due to a recent crackdown on shroom hunters in that area. But most of my orders still center around the northern United States where it is too cold and dry to grow mushrooms of this type. It was a hot, dry, sunny day when I first spotted Dr. Randy McCoy walking across an empty field just west of the college. After explaining to the young botanist the nature of the article I was researching, he related that he had heard a lot about particular mushrooms while working at the Agricultural Research Center just west of BCC. afurn To Alice's XN N 0 is Vs Looks like the Psilocybe genus, he said as he placed the sample under the microscope. He said that if you ate this type of mushroom you could certainly get high and he thinks that they are the same genus as the ones that often grow in Yucatan, Mexico but may be a slightly different strain. McCoy says that the innocuous Psilocybe is most probably indigenous to this semi-tropical environment. He further commented that this specific psychoactive species is probably not seasonal and only required proper moisture for growth. He did not rule out cultivation. Even though local law enforcement authorities seem reluctant to admit it outright, this readily available and legal psychoactive drug worries them. One Davie law enforcement officer informed me that he had never heard of the problem. The policeman, who specializes in narcotics, said that the mushrooms would probably be classified as an uncontrolled substance making them completely legal, Other departments in this county are very much aware of the shroom situation. Plantation Police recently signed off a popular hunting ground just west of University Drive and south of Peter's Road. One BCC student says he had to crawl through that field before daybreak with a flashlight in his hand to minimize the risk of capture. In this area, busts for trespassing have increased and so has surveillance. Miramar is bordered by all kinds of cow fields. Perry's Farm used to be the number one area for hunting until the Miramar officers began to patrol that particular piece of private property more often. Now the shroomers usually center their activities at the west end of Pembroke Road. Sam Ramputi, who has been chief of the Miramar squad for over 9 years now, seemed a little surprised and concerned when I informed him what the mushrooms were made out of. In an earlier interview he said he sent some to the Crime Lab and the tests came back negative. There is such a variety of chemical compounds and vegetable matter in the mushrooms it is just beyond me to take on the task, replied John Tenny from the Crime Lab in response to the question of chemical identification. Tenny, whose job is the identification of drugs, says that when the area departments send him the mushrooms he frankly replies his instruments can't handle it. 5 tv 154' ww - . ' in 1 v- .v :I ' ' , ,r,. I' -Y ff:-'V' ' f'1f:zQ -r S, ' ' . I Q: A I' 5 lqplfmll or . i ,, ' , -. Q f . :l V 5 I, 'I . I p,- i lf, .2' lf . '53, rm ,E :ut .N Egg. A 4'2 . 4 ,J .,5..' v-'kf,g.- . KI' HC N Ax , ,v,.,,-. - ,ev Q TY, .1 1 -. pig ? f' 'fb' '51 4-Tigqfwillfgff-4' . l've tried a couple of times to extract the psilocybin out of them but I couldn't find any in them, Tenny continued. When I asked him how he knew they were psilocybin mushrooms he answered, Someone sent them to the University of Florida and they were identified there. if Alice remained looking thoughfully at the mushroom for a minute, trying to make out which were the two sides of it,' and, as it was perfectly round, she found this a very difficult question. However, at last she stretched her arms around it as far as they would go, and broke off ' the edge with each hand. Cllnd now which is which?' e, fe herself, and nfbbfed e little fight-hand bit fe try the effects next moment she felt a violent underneath her chin: it had stru foot. 1 She was a good deal frightened bji very sudden change, but she felif there was no time to be lost, ai was shrinking rapidly: so she s work at once to eat some of thel bit I -ll-'X' I doubt l'll ever do them again, a discouraged BCC mushn experimenter, I wasn't in cor Your body is really affected and' very hard to stay cool. My arms like rubber and all I could seel long time was triangles. Try dr' home from school while se triangles fly at you. Although only a small amoun those mushroom eaters intervie conceded bad experiences with- psychoactive shroom, a surprisi large portion said they had little if desire to do more. These pe pointed out that the effects shroom juice had on them were' heavy and they preferred a r mellow drug, such as marijuana the magic fungi. You never know how much yc taking, pointed out another shroomer. Although l've never' anyone OD on them, I have people get a lot more stoned thani wanted to. According to experienced samplen the organic drug, each region andt usually offers a different potel This further complicates things, ,' er who has been eating them for r two years. Usually three ichers will do the trick very well, if you move to another pasture climate, make sure you do a little II Jther problem in this area is the ignorable one of stomach cramps occassional nausea for first ers . I began to feel as if I were ig to get sick, claimed Sandy lrring to her first mushroom erience. After about ten minutes upset feeling left me and I felt real I again, but getting sick can be a bummer just before you're ining to get off. 'nach cramps also seemed to be a ard for some previously virgin to mushroom experience. There have 1 some reports of people having to admitted to hospitals experiencing symptom after mushroom use. two most active psychochemicals ilved within the shrooms, iocybin and psilocynl, were zessfully synthesized by a man in tzerland named Albert Hoffman ral years ago. According to many ks and mind-tripping scientists, 1 of these drugs are warmer and :ler in their action than LSD -- with resulting experience shorter. But, some drug experimenters have Jrtunately discovered, if your 1 isn't tight to begin with, a three our hour shroom experience can i itself into an expremely long J Psilocybin is synthesized chemically from the nmagic mushroomn of Yucatan Mexico. The mushroom is classified as Psilocybe Mexicana. The hallucin hallucinogenic mushroom is rarely, if ever, found in the United States. It has not been found to be a problem in the United States, and will probably never be a problem. I From Narcotics and Hallucinogenics - A Handbook, by John B. Williams. Copyright 1963 by Glencoe Press, Beverly Hills, California. The effects of psilocybin on the body are hard to dig up. Reports from the government contradict each other and seem to be inspecific. Text reports vary and bear little if any resemblance to what information has been gathered via personal interviews. Up until now, research on psilocybin has been limited and poorly disseminated. In l968, Robert Duke and Martin Keeler, two researchers of the University of North Carolina School of Medicine, ran a series of tests concluding: Psilocybin was found to significantly impair performance. Muscular incoordination alone was found to account for the poorer performance Uournal of Clinical Psycho!0yV, 24:3l6-3l7, July l968I. Davio and Sarr, were tired after a day long of picking. Swinging a canteen over his shoulder, David unscrewed its H I O T H H-C'H H-J-H iF'-0' T IT + H I-I-Nlf-I-I I N -CZI-I o f I o I H-fqja H H-f4iH H I H-,C-H I HEC-H PSILOCYBIN Psitocirv , old rusty cap and took a long swig out of it. The warm water missed some of his mouth and ran halfway down his shirt. Here's some more, Sam said, leaning over an unexplored section of the mid-state cow pasture. David quickly walked over to where Sam was and aided in collecting the moist mushrooms. One by one they dropped into the tote bags. This was almost certain to be the last patch, thus climaxirig a fairly successful day of hunting. Already with three bags full, the high school seniors could bring plenty back to Dade County with them. David offered some water to Sam who immediately poured it down his throat. I think we got enough, said David looking forward to going home. Jesus, just think of the party we're gonna have when we get back. Back where? came an alien voice from behind the boy's back. You guys ain't goin' nowhere. It belonged to an old shotgun-toting lady. Her face was cracked and wrinkled by the hot Florida sun, her body was thin and limp with age. But most of the attention was centered around the wide, gleaming, threatening double barrels pointed at the two lads. Trespassing, began the angry old woman. Nobody's been trespassing on this property for o'er 21 years. What ya doin here anyways? The next two words that came out of Dave's mouth were spoken, lhe tells mel, because he really could think of nothing else to say. There they stood: feet all full of insect ridden cow manure, hot and sweaty, with hands holding two bags full of shrooms. He really had no other alternative. Picking mushrooms, ma'm, he cautiously answered. The lady just kind of stood still for a vvhile. And after what seemed to be five minutes of silent concentration she asked our heros to empty their bags. Each did, and what emerged was the day's harvest, milky white and moist. Hundreds of smelly mushrooms rolled by their feet and rested on the ground. Just mushrooms, Sam emphasized. lVlushrooms? the lady asked lowering her shotgun and staring blankly into space. lVlushrooms??7' After the surprised woman inspected the emptied contents carefully, she asked the guys some fairly interesting questions. They, quite honestly, verified her presumptions and 15 minutes later were happily held captive over a warm dinner of chopped hamburger meat mixed with country corn. lf you boys would've told me you were that hungry when ya first got here ya would've been fed along Time before, she said clearing the table. David and Sam returned to Miami that evening stocked with a bundle of shrooms and enjoying very, very full stomachs besides. And if you go chasing rabbits and you know you 're going to fall, Tell 'em a hookah smoking Caterpillar has given you the call, Call Alice When she was just small. When men on the chessboard get up and tell you where to go And you've just had some kind of mushroom and your mind is moving low, Go ask Alice 1 mink she'll know. 5 When logic and proportion have sloppy dead, :A And the White Knight is talil backwards and the Red Oueensi her head, Remember what the dormouse sa 'Feed your head I Feed your head' Feed your head. ' ---Grace Slick Jefferson Airpl White Rabbit 0,0 S O 0 Paul Gross I e 'Florida Trail Association is ping to make Florida a :kpacker's paradise with the Florida ail, a footpath which runs the entire gth of the state. It is a flatland il running through pine woods, Jress stands and sloughs. Hiking, nping, and nature study are derness experiences that go with Florida Trail. 9 Florida Trail can be hiked by 'one where it crosses public lands, h as in the National Forests - Ocala l Apalachicola - and in state parks, only members of the Association y hike the Trail where it crosses late property. rida Trail members participate in many planned hikes and canoe trips throughout the winter hiking season, and the number and variety of hikes increases each year. Group hikes range from leisurely bird watching half-day hikes to moderate full day or overnight hikes over varied terraine to strenuous weekend canoe trips, work hikes, and 4 and 5 day survey hikes. Memos are sent out informing members of activities four times a year. Especially now, work hikes are being planned for development and maintenance of many more sections of the Florida Trail. Backpacking has been unknown in Florida for a long time, because Floridians have had no place to hike. Federal government legislation has not included Florida in its plans to create scenic footpaths, such as the Appalachian Trail. The Florida Trail Association was formed to fulfill this need. For a nominal membership fee, you can be a member of this organization and take the path to invigorating outdoor enjoyment. Want more information? For a brochure entitled Hiking the Florida Trail and an application for membership, write: Florida Trail Association 33 SW 18th Terrace Miami, Florida 33129 Phone: i305l854-9669 SUM Harm, 7:4 IN6 I7 00790013 loeing: lt's a lot of good old lioned fun. Paddling your own oe is not hard once you get the g of it. And canoes are strong so f'll wait while you're learning to r straight. lld you like to paddle your own Je down a river? This is literally sible because the Florida State lartment of Natural Resources has lped out eleven canoe trails in good Florida ranging in length from 3 miles to a long 82 miles. Speaking old Florida, lt ood be readily 1d while you travel down these out :he way trails which the Indians used, through some real erness. You can canoe in any on in Florida and are not limited lst summer canoeing as in most of rest of the country. Unfortunately t of the trails are in the northern of the state, but there are a few within a half day's driving distance from here. The Peace River trail is the closest one, starting on US 98 east of Fort Meade and ending 62 miles down stream at State Road 70 west of Arcadia. lt's a long trail meriting a weekend of canoeing. Campsites are available along the river and scarcely a house is visible from the trail. You will see plenty of wildlife and you might also see some historical sites, Canoeing is the best way to travel these rivers and streams. The slow pace and quietness of canoeing allows you to scan slowly the scenes which surround you. Since wildlife is undisturbed by a paddle's slight sound, the opportunity for seeing, studying, and photographing plants and wildlife is at its height. On a canoe trail there is no scent of fuel fumes, only the natural fragrances of evergreens and flowers. Float slowly down the stream and let time slip by you. imagine yourself in another era, paddling in the midst of teeming wildlife and calling birds, much of which can be seen from the river. Canoeing is a solitary or a group sport. lt is not a strenuous pastime, so that even children and older people can participate and enjoy themselves if they don't mind the thought of a wet foot. lf you would like more information about the Florida canoe trails, write Department of Natural to the Resources, Tallahassee, Florida. They will send you folders describing the canoe t-rails and any other information y ou ask for. So get off your can and into a canoe and you'll forever be a canoe fan. 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' 1 'Us xhf ,gv l4fgug- ,114 B ...0 '1 A 1 Scott Herrick . . . World Traveler, Adventurer loug Pu gh Herrick is no celebrity. In fact, ve probably just seen his name for first time, and are deciding ther or not you want to finish ing this article. Scot does not e on with fireworks and brass lsp he presents his message through Jarticular lifestyle, with a kind of i intensity. He tries to reach one Jn at a time. He speaks about rers, whether personal, political, or romic, and how they keep people 1 solving their mutual problems. 's life is a story of crossed borders breached walls, done in the name his own curiosity and world ival. was born rn 1925 to upper class nts in New York City. For the 18 years of his life Scot was rvare of the world outside of a t circle of family and friends. He er waited in lines at emergency is while his parents fumbled with e Cross cards. When he was ill he t to the best doctors and the best ate hospitals. ter all, the system was made for family. l went to the best boarding iols. Of course, these schools were rally very poor. I think that rf l t back to school now l would learn t more. You see, l'm young now zcause when l was 18 I was totally ware, t found that while he had avoided problems of the real world he also missing the excitement. 1943 he left home and enlisted in Navy. l wanted to see the world kill the Hun. YOU know. Once the service he was placed in an cer's training program, far from the action he was seeking. Worse, he nd himself unable to leave the gram. They told me the only way to leave the program was to flunk out. This frustrated me even more, because l had always been warned against failingi and when the war ended lwas still in this incredible program. ln 1945 Scot left the program, the Navy, and the United States to tour the world, He spent 18 months working his way across Australia, and as his awareness grew, he began to read, this time concentrating on real meaning rather than worrying about grades. Soon his reading centered on Ghandr and Tolstoy, he was fascinated with their picture of the world, both as rt was and as rt could be. Here he found the principles on which his life would be based. Then one day, on a boat off Singapore, he decided not to go ashore, realizing he was sick of travelling for travel's sake. From that point on, there would be a purpose behind any journey he undertook, and his return to New York presented the first challenge to his new ideas. ln the late 1950s Scot returned tothe United States still rn the grip of cold war attitudes. While the purging and blacklrsting of 1948754 had ended, the nation still kept a wary eye on the entire political left, watching for evidence of latent Communism, The launching of the Russian sputnrk was sending waves through the American educational system, preparing to turn out a generation of engineers which would close the gap in the space race. And then there was The Bomb, Nearly everyone was reading the latest megaton figures, planning evacuation routes, and at least thinking about building their own fallout shelters. New York City held compulsory air raid drills, Places of shelter were designated throughout the city, and once a year, when the sirens blew, the streets were cleared. lVlost people went along with the drills, either out of fear of arrest or the belief that in the event of an actual attack they would be protected under the good old Civil Defense signs. Scot did not comply. They had this business about taking Cover and l thought that was criminal deception v that people could hide in subways, they could put can goods in the trunks of their cars. They were supposed to come out after an attack and everything would be like rt was. lt was ridiculous' I had a friend who worked at the ElTllJlr8 State Building. . . . That was the estimated center of the blast , and he was told to stand in the door lamb. I said, 'Charley, you really think that standing rn the door jamb is realistic? The temperature at the center is five mrrlron degrees centrgrade and you're going to be standing in the door rambl' H Photos by Bill Jacques Scot decided to protest by himself if need be, but if anyone wanted to join him he would welcome their support. He found that the Catholic workers in the Village were thinking along the same lines. And in 1958 Scot and ll others marched through nearly empty streets trying to expose the drill for what it really was. They were summarily arrested but a seed had been planted. Over the next two years others joined them in such numbers that annual air raid drills became unenforceable and were dropped by 1960. The ban the bomb movement had only recently been born, and Scot grew with it, shifting his focus to the whole arms race. He spent several months with the Polaris Action, travelling up and down the New England coast, trying to educate people against the risks and costs of installing Polaris missiles in nuclear submarines. To most of the people he encountered, Scot's ideas about nuclear disarmament were totally alien. Though he reached a few people, most of those he encountered either ignored him or were hostile. However, he left the project satisfied enough to participate in his next stand against militarism: a month peace walk from San Francisco to lVloscow. While nine marchers lScot includedl started out from San Francisco, Bayard Rustin and A. G. lVlusty went ahead to Europe, to negotiate with the various countries they would be passing through. Their position was clear. The marchers would demonstrate against militarism at each military base along their route, and would enter each country regardless of the consequences. Things looked rough. France was torn by riots over the Algerian situation, and the two Germanys were locked in a crisis over the Berlin Wall. Nlost tries adopted a wait-and-see de toward the marchers, ioning their decision until the 1 reached their borders. while, in the United States, s from the FBI had gone ahead ie demonstrators and stirred up e along the route. Therefore the ls, considering the marchers iunists, stayed away. The nstrators received little press in ica and the march was largely nrful. England, too, was fairly Then the group sailed for e. French authorities refused to t the boat to land, so the :ters announced their intention 'im ashore. Three times they the beach, were arrested and led to their boat. ln the sion a crowd of spectators red one of the party, who ially made it to Paris where he a press conference. inch group known as Action for Non-violence agreed to continue rench leg of the march. The al demonstrators, realizing that point had been made, entered m and re-united with their 1 compatriots at the border of m, France, and Germany. est Germany the group was ed, but released to continue their . In East Germany they were ed as they crossed the border. their return to West Germany attempted to re-enter the east. East Germans finally agreed to ie protesters across their land, ito Poland. in Poland, they were welcomed 2 Polish Peace Committee. The iment took them on a tour of vitz, and didn't interfere with their route or demonstrations. Crossing into the Soviet Union yielded similar results, Hoping to benefit from the bad publicity which France and Germany had received from their treatment of the demonstrators, the Soviets welcomed the band, now 31 members strong. The march ended with talks at Moscow University, and a demonstration in Red Square. For Scot Herrick life is a continuous education, and education takes the form of constant exposure to new ways of life, new ways of thinking. So, in nineteen sixty seven, Scot turned towards Cuba, making his first of five voyages to the small, communist island. Most Americans still look at Cuba through an old communist bastion, ninety miles from the United States filter. ln nineteen sixty-seven Cuba, along with North Vietnam, North Korea, and Red China were listed as forbidden areas on United States passports. China has since been removed for while the third world has been kept at arm's length, the US has moved closer to the first generation socialist countries. 4' 1 The Soviet Union and China are almost old familiar figures, yet Cuba, fifteen hours away by boat, is nearly a total unknown. Scot looks upon his voyages there as being among the greatest learning experiences of his life. l felt more culture shock in Cuba, than I did in going to Russia or Poland. The difference is simply incredible between the two countries lCuba and the USl. We're almost ninety miles away, and it's like going to another world. What they're trying to do is develop a world where people Count, in which people come ahead of property. I think that we could learn a great deal from Cuba. On his first voyage, Scot sailed to Baracoa in Oreinte Province. He chose Baracoa because it was a small tovvn, far removed from the polite, secretive guides who escort visitors around Havana. Once there, he was given a pretty free run of the area. The trip continued, sailing along the coast from Baracoa to Guantanamo, and on to Santiage. There on July 26, l967, Scot and his party heard Castro speak. Standing in the crowd, Scot and his two companions found that the Cubans were as fascinated with them as they were with the Cubans. At first they thought we were Russians, and this is logical. When they heard we were Americans, it was far out. I have never heard a hostile word from a Cuban about me being an American. They've criticized the government, about Viet Nam, and about our policies toward them, but never about being an American. A more cautious individual would have warned Scot about the many risks entailed in his first trip to Cuba. There was always the possibility that the Cubans might have welcomed him with arrest, and there were certain taboos against going to Cuba on a United State's passport. As things turned out, the taboos were very superficial, On his return voyage, he re-entered the US at a Coast Guard station in the Virgin Islands At the time, he signed in a as returning from Cuba, Later, in Ft. Lauderdale, a customs agent visited his boat and questioned him about the trip. This is standard procedure for any voyage outside the country, so when he was asked where he visited, Scot assumed that the answer was already known, When he replied, Cuba, the customs inspector was dismayed. He opened my US passport and turned to the page that says you can't go here, and you can't go there. He looked at me, and said, Doesn't this mean anything to you? It wasn't anger, you know, it was like your father saying to you, DOn't you know there are laws against smoking grass? lt was the same kind of thing. I said, Yeah, it does mean something to me, but I feel that no nation has the right to restrict travel. Scot's first trip was undertaken primarily for his own benefit. On each of his four succeeding voyages, he has gone for a specific purpose. On one trip he exchanged art work done by American children for work done by Cubans of the same age. He has also transported musical instruments, donated for use in the Cuban schools. Scot Herrick's basic purpose remains, to open lines of communication between our two countries, and to reduce the fear and tension on both sides. After all, everyone knows how we feel about them, but how do Htheyn feel about us, I think they're very threatened by the US, as I personally am myself. I think they would say they're angry, but underneath it all is fear. The biggest nation, the most powerful nation in the world is ninety miles away from Cuba. They've already backed this Bay of Pigs invasion. In an unusual way, granted, but nevertheless the US did back it. Still, tensions are lessening. Though the government probably would not admit it, it is fairly easy to go to Cuba. In fact, the government would probably do little to stop you. On his most recent trip, Scot brought along a group of film makers from New York who made a fifteen minute video tape lscenes from which appear with this articlel. Though the government gave its permission to the film makers, it was still theoretically illegal for Scot and his party to go. He sums the situation up succinctly. The whole thing's absurd. As for the film itself, it deals with Cuban life in general. It contains an interview with some construction workers, scenes of children playing, and man on the street type conversations. Incidentally, a copy of this tape is now on file in BCC's Learning Resources Department, available to any teacher who would care to use it. The fifteen minute long tape was used as a pilot, and has raised the money to send more people and equipment back to Cuba in January, when they hope to make a three hour documentary. The great value of this film is that it is one of the first things to come out of Cuba that is not slanted either way. There're a lot of myths, started by both sides, which need exploding. In his travels, Scot went to several day care centers to see if children were indeed taken from their parents. In the course of his visits he saw many Ar - 1-nr I J l parents pick up their childrenil they got off work, much likef American parents do. Scot four 'gl rents in Cuba never exceed lO'ZJilll primary wage earner's salary.l houses seemed well built, rl exposing, to Scot, the myth aboli high rents and poor construct Cuba. - ll Cuba is by no means the wa! paradise that some have made I to be. Cuba's land is lacking in ni resources, and many of her peopg, illiterate. IVlost of the more luxif parks and buildings erected befo 4 revolution were built by highlyt foreigners, and mainly for the bil! of high paying foreigners. To edt the masses, unskilled workersf attached to groups of people experience, in whatever fiell endeavor. Once a group of tra! become knowledgeable experienced, the core group movii to a new area, and a new group. workers. In Cuba everyon' expected to pull his share of the Long hours at low pay is an as: fact of life. Doctors make, a1 most, a S350 salary per mont laborer makes about half that. fore the revolution life was the life a poor many very l work. A great of bitterness ted toward the arialist state re the revolution. 9 imperialist power disappeared from 1, the Cuban 'le feel much freer they did 'e the revolution. lille to fight a great to get rid of imperialism but finally defeated itf ln short, most of the trappings of typical, American prosperity, such 35 annual wage strikes and a professional student class are missing from Cuba, There are, of course, unions which mediate for workers on an individual level: but a month long building strike would be too costly, both for the workers and the society at large. lf Cuban society seems harsh and brutal to some, it is because Cuba must rely on herself, first, and the handful of countries which will trade with her, second. Any heavy industry in Cuba exists at a huge deficit to the Soviet Union. Hence, there is a great deal of resentment directed at the Soviets. Of course, this is almost natural for any small country which is dependent on a large superpower. Perhaps it is this resentment of the Soviet Union and fear of the United States which has caused so many Cubans to work so hard. Cuba, like many countries, is caught in a vicious cycle of fear, followed by isolation followed by more fear. The cycle is started by that old plague, national interest. lt is national interest which has severely limited the flow of people and information between our two lands. For a nation that continuously works to assure eastern Europe of receiving two view points of the world situation, the United States has succeeded fairly well in keeping one view of Cuba before its people. Of course, any situation involving national interest eventually boils down to a question of loyalties. At one point in nearly everyone's life, a commitment is made to one particular philosophy or value system, which is valued above all others. The decision can be made over a long period of years, or in a dramatic moment of l arn a s tuden t ordinarily, fgurfggn years old l do any thing l gan. 7 90 to school until noon and from noon to six l work. 'fflgwl' crisis. Scot has decided, after his many years of travel and involvement, that loyalty to the planet and the human race transcends all commitments made to nation, race, and individual. Once he reached that decision, it was only natural that Scot would embrace the World Citizen's movement. This movement is probably one of the quietest of modern reform movements. lts spokesmen generally address the subject indirectly, yet the concept of World Citizenship forms the base for the ideas of many great thinkers, Socrates, Dante, Santayana, and Camus included. Now, due largely to the influences which Scot brought to the movement, there is a World Citizen's passport and flag. The bearers, therefore, hold that responsibilities to the total World Community take priority over any and all national responsibilities, reads page five of the passport. After his first trip to Cuba, Scot returned his US passport to the State Department, explaining that my having it is probably an embarrassment to us both. Since then, he has travelled with his International Passport, Scot advises its use especially when travelling to forbidden countries, but notes that the bearer should enter any country at a major city where local customs officials are more aware of the passport and its purpose. The best cities to enter Europe through are Stockholm and London lchapters of the international War Resistors League will help iron out any hasslesl, and of course, for travel to Cuba one should write to the Cuban Embassy in Mexico City. Passports may be obtained directly from Scot Herrick. The World Citizen flag consists of six horizontal stripes of various colors, symbolizing all the flags of all peoples. It is not yet listed in the international registry lthe book which lists the flags of various navies and countrieslg but Scot and others will continue flying it on their boats and houses until it can no longer be mistaken as belonging to a new African nation. Scot believes that an effective world government is inevitable for, in the modern world, concepts such as patriotism or law and order become farcical unless they are extended to a planetary level. lf I go out here and go through a traffic light on Davie Boulevard, what happens? l get a ticket, right? Yet you see international anarchy. You see nations, Russia, the United States, lying before the UN. They've bypassed the UN at will, and who gives them a ticket? What motorcycle pulls up alongside Nixon, or Kosygin, or anybody and says, You have just violated the Geneva accords. Wei to see you in the Hague lthe W Courtl on the twenty-sixth of . and you'd better have your n together. Nobody. Yet when t people go through a red l thousands of people die. We'reg to have to think in terms of a ur world in which no nation can b anarchist. A distant goal, perhaps, but Scot spent much of his life forming t conclusions and will spend the re: his life trying to implement them. expects that the work will take n generations. Believing that there many roads to the same goal, Sci a member of various organiza1 including the Friends Sei Committee, the Unitarian Church, Common Cause, among others. l perseveres, making waves qui Stirring others to action, he conti his attempts to add to the groi numbers of one-worlders, pacifists reformers. MA I -cf? ' ' .ra fiyy . - ff ' 1, J v -M. 9' ,,,l ap.. VETERANS THE WAR rr' Vlf'f '3m V9f5'fHfIS Against the War march down Collins Avenue on Miami Beach. hen Johnny Comes Marching Home Again... In April, 1967, a group of twenty veterans marched during the Spring Mobilization in New York City carrying a banner that read, Vietnam Veterans Against the War . After the march, six of the protestors banned to form an organization for the purpose of carrying out the slogan. Beginning with a single desk and a phone in a New York office, group membership increased slowly at first. Current membership is estimated at 25,000, according to Carlos Solis, the only member of Vietnam Veterans Against the War lVVAWl at BCC. The VVAW is the first group in the Photos by Dave Patricl by Nancy lVlixon history of the United States to openly oppose and protest a continuing war in which the members themselves fought. The main objective of the organization is to bring a halt to the war in Vietnam, which has been most effectively attempted by the group's determination to bring the horrors of war closer to home through non-violent protests and demonstrations. Early in 1970, for example, an unofficial war crimes inquiry was held in Detroit, Michigan, in which more than 100 vets testified that they had committed atrocities while in gig... l Vietnam. On Labor Day, 1970, the vets staged a series of mock search and destroy missions between Morristown, New Jersey and Valley Forge, Pennsylvania. The VVAW first gained nationwide attention in April, 1971, in Washington during Dewey Canyon Ill A Limited lncursion Into the Country of Congress lDewey Canyon ll was the official code name for the invasion of Laos, it was preceeded by a secret Laotian invasion in 1969, Dewey Canyon ll. The series of demonstrations was designed to bring the members of the VVAW in Contact en masse with other citizens and allow them to relate their war experiences to the people of the United States. The group's incursion into the country of Congress was effected as John Kerry, organizer of the Washington demonstrations and a founder of the VVAW who spoke before the legislative body April 22. He said the fighting and dying in Vietnam was for the biggest nothing in history . Kerry, thrice wounded and holder of the Bronze and Silver stars, told Congress, We believe that March down Colllns Avenue -- The Last Patrol . in x-+11 - -'-- - '- -: -1-1-'z .: ,-err-.11 ..---. this body can be responsive to of the people and we believe will of the people says we out of Vietnam now. On the demonstration level, members conducted mock search destroy missions on the steps of gl Capitol, They also visited veteransli Army and Veterans Administratll lVAl hospitals, ln addition, members marched to the Pentagon all tried to surrender as war criminill only to be informed by a brigacia, general, We don't take Ameriill . .i prisoners. I 1 Disorderly conduct was charged intl, arrest of 110 members who stood: the steps of the Supreme Court 3. demanded a court rule on 1 constitutionality of the Vietnamw The climax of the week's excursicl was reached on Saturday, April 24,1 700 protestors from the VVl-li assembled on the west front of t' Capitol in a dynamic and movie spectacle. Approaching ti microphone one by one ai identifying themselves, each membi hurled his military decorations an documents over a six foot wire fem onto the Capitol steps. ' Another great response was evoki from the VVAW in the summer of'7 during the two national conventionsi Miami Beach, when a variety 1 21 fn lf- T 'est' groups expressed their ideas initiated their protest movements. ng the Democratic National .lention in July and the Jblican National Convention in Jst, the VVAW limited its ities to marches and speeches in the retirementscommunity. sed in jungle fatigues and boots, ibers of the VVAW attempted to c with delegates and others in lingo Park, the headquarters for 1 the groups. They were successful iddressing Democratic delegates, rding to Ed Weitmann, area dinator for the VVAW in Broward ity, but it was impossible to c with the Republican delegates. yut seven or eight VVAW members 1 Broward County went to ningo Park and rapped with people e. r exposed people to parts of the they'd never heard of before, :mann said. There was a constant am of people talking with us. We feeling positive and knowing our s were right. of the most effective of their est demonstrations was the Silent ch , a wordless parade of 135 neat Ls of four down Collins Avenue on 'ni Beach which was cheered by senior citizenry of the imunity. Upon arriving at the ntainebleau Hotel, a disabled vet wheelchair was enclosed by the ip and proceeded to elaborate on reasons for protesting Vietnam ilvement. e are tired of marching and that is 'we call this the Last Patrol, Ron ic told the crowds. For the last k and a half we have travelled from iss the United States of America, :use we feel it is our obligation to the American people that these ple ithe leadersl are goddam liars. i have lied to us too long, Nlr. :ident. rshadowing convention activities TKPQ, or p . N l N vsx 4.1 Veterans congregate at Flamingo Park. was the controversy over the Gainesville Six, which began when 23 VVAW members testified before a grand iury in Tallahassee on July 10. Of those, six were indicted for allegedly conspiring to disrupt the Republican National Convention. The government charged that the six conspired to organize numerous fire teams to attack with automatic weapons, fires, and incendiary devices police stations, police cars, and stores in Miami Beach and that they also planned to fire 'lead weights', fire marbles, ball bearings, cherry bombs, and smoke bombs by means of wrist-rocket slingshots and crossbovvsn and to disrupt communications systems in lVliami Beach . Appearing before the judge in Gainesville on August 24, the SlX pleaded guilty to having committed war crimes in Southeast Asia but innocent, however, to the government's charges. As of October, each of the six members had posted 825,000 for bail and the original trial date lOctober lOl had been postponed indefinitely. On the local scene, the Broward County chpater of the VVAW currently has about 13 active members, according to Weitmann. Apathy is a large detrimental factor yi VET!- vhr mv within the group, he said. On the surface, all the members are against the war. But when it comes time to do something, everyone has other things to do. lt's discouraging, he said. The group has sponsored the public showing of several filmstrips on the war and war crimes, Recently, Weitmann lost S35 showing a film that evoked response from about 10 people. The VVAW as an organization remained non-partisan during the recent elections, although it was a welleknown fact that most members individually supported lVlcGovern. In fact, some distributed lVlcGovern leaflets on Key Biscayne on November 5. Weitmann believes Nixon's re-election will bring about a resurgence of the peace movement. Most of us felt that McGovern was a chance for peace. But the American people can't seem to learn a lesson. Vietnam Veterans Against the War are trying to bring the message of that lesson to the people and HCGUBWT them with the harsh reality of war. rg! ' 45- 4 e if VIETNAM . At one time I was like most people. I left politics to politicians and social problems' to social workers. I was happy doing whatever I was doing. After all, who was l to question the mysterious ways of American foreign policy? I thought of Vietnam as a place where Communism threatened the freedom of a small nation and I applauded the nobility of the American government to protect a weak nation against the monsters of Communism. Eventually, but through my own choice, I found myself in Vietnam as a medic aboard a dust-off, a medical evacuation helicopter, picking up the wounded and dead of that last bastion for democracy. I did this for a year and half. When faced constantly with the results of war, one begins to question the reasons given for its perpetration. I picked up over 3,000 casualties, not only Americans, but South Vietnamese, Koreans, Australians, North Vietnamese, and Viet Cong as well. With each new casualty my doubts grew and made me look for the benefits that American democracy was supposed to bring to the Vietnamese people. I really wanted to find them, because I believed in the goodness and justice of the American government. But with each new casualty, a feeling of helplessness and uneasiness 0 I confronted me. The only people I saw getting fat on democracy were Vietnamese army officers, civil servants, government officials, pimps, prostitutes and pushers. The common people were victims of bombs, relocation centers and terror. I wondered why so many American youths were laying on the floor of my helicopter bleeding and choking to death. I wondered why it was necessary for me to be hit in the face by the blood of spurting arteries or the vomit of a child who had been shot in the head, or to have the feeling of terror that I could be shot down in the wretched jungle. Somehow the old reasons became a line of broken promises and lies. Blood washed my eyes and when they cleared, I saw the monstrosity that American policy makers had created for the benefit of Wall Street. It became impossible to accept lies told by the American government as l saw blood and flesh while the industrialists counted their dollars by the pool. And while they counted, the most murderous aerial bombardments rained on the Vietnamese people. Those people have been the victims of the whims and fantasies of profiteers and pirates. l Never again should the citizens of country allow a few to bloody hands of all. It seems that by the you read this there will be peace. a war-monger can see that the lies to continue the bloodbath have discarded for personal political po Why, then, will the administrat which has maintained that it wo' not abandon the Vietnamese, do now, when the National Liberati Front and North Vietnamese Ar' control over 30? of South Vietn which mild not control in 1969? A1 why is it scheming to eliminate Thif who once was worthy of the sacrif' of lVlr. Nixon's wife and daughter? I is the reason for four more yearsrl blood that of a greedy few wl squeeze the lemon to its last drotr In the coming years, we are surel see many nations revolting again tyrants and oppressors. Thesewilll new opportunities for those piraii who profit from the suffering ai- oppression of the masses to unleae their running dogs and tear into peopi who are seeking a better way of li and freedom. We should forever question the acticl of leaders suspected of using the nan of the American people to profit a murder. Let there be no more blo of Vietnamese, Laotians, Cambodians on American hands. by Carlos Solis Through The Eyes Of One Who Wu Ther mf!- hr' I l i s I . 'U 'ii T3 Ar 'X wld: .li ,NYG wi. . Lfylrgg' .i -' lf:-if ll? k A Lxfgf. Bug! ,s ,QQ in , ' , . +2 Dernocrofic , il Q. , In ,ii Conveniioni Q -I. ' . r--. if ' N. N., ' ,J 1 A W . . .IRM I . g id t 1 i 'A l if H ., , , A r , L . 'O 'Q ' i 'Q' . . 5 , .-1g1 Hi i F i 5 gf? X v 1 X -vi N ,Q fi- : :N . 4' if , fi y il ' i 1 Cn The lnside I rs, l .ge H x Asif, ,Q li. iryizbkm-1' H! 1 li past four checkpoints, get ed with an ultraviolet ink Jund, let a government employee a hole in your neck credential 1 was issued on a daily basisl, your paper-like media pass ed with a special chemical which reveal previously hidden letters ming its authenticity, and fill form for the Secret Service, and youlre on the floor of the cratic National Convention, ntials were illegally next to sible to obtain unless you were 1 to part with a considerable of money. Twenty thousand 5 was a reasonable price for one he select 400 floor passes distributed among 15,000 media people. Once you made it inside you realized that logistics dictated only a guidline to procedure, as delegates talked to each other in a non-selective manner. The only hassle was that every 10 or 15 minutes they would have to run out to one of the network TV booths in order to find out what they were voting on. Aided by the warmth of technological reinforcement the struggling delegates fully realized the speedy mechanics of the reform machine. Things were moving very, very fast, Homes were filled with unfulfilled Looking Out by Bill Jacques promises and instant replay rhetoric which cast a shadow on what was to be a new horizon, Meetings dragged into daylight with delegates voting half asleep and partially drunk on cheap beer sold in the lobby. For what little excitement there was, it stayed behind closed doors or isolated in segregated sections of the mammoth hall which reverberated voices back in circles. The young were there. Confused and inflamed by their fruitless attempts at participatory change they sat motionless mostly in silence seemingly in resentment of what mari. considered to be a token attempt at youthful change and attlflldf? recognition. They would -.'. atch 67 f' - -I f .- A ffl ,-FV. -A ,, 1!vgwy,,,5, I . 4' 05 1 93 5' ' cr ' X.. , Q L 1 ' . 'Xl 1' 4 .I I. ,NX Q N . X X tw T, !'Q ,-. o ' Q . S r 0 , CBS T 2 . , ' - - ' v W N3 ' . ,-.lrsfiw Q 51,1i,:'.4-1 , .. 9 wduuu f 144l4V' frnllbr'-fill , Il M -w 1, ,, Q K ,' X .B.qq!m ? ..L4. ,J 1 4- br? 'T H 1 1, im. I kgs! I I vf :U I ll' if 'F 4' - wi f 'NXT' CK ri aw '5 1 ll, 'zu' themselves on TV and wonder how young they really were, to be jammed inside a hall with labor leaders and party bigvvigs who come on like movie stars, to be watching the residual comedy team of Jerry Rubin and Abby Hoffman prance indignantly around the crowded floor with some pencilsin their hand and some money in their head, preparing quotes for the book they would eventually sell. Secret Service men stood everywhere like well polished manikins while everything and everybody was searched, researched, and observed. At one point there was a huge hassle when the government security forces insisted, against health officials' radiation warnings, on X-raying each of the thousands of boxed chicken dinners provided by Colonel Sanders to delegates and newsmen. The pieces of finger lickin' food were shipped via unmarked trucks due to a Zippie hijacking threat. Finally, cold from waiting, the dinners were permitted entry. Commercialism took its place in the political arena not only in the form of greasy chicken dinners but also in a delegate lounge entitled The Flyin Donkey Club. Set up by the Air Transport Association, you needed a rusty gold key with a picture of a smiling ass flying an airplane embossed in it, or you didn't get into the partitioned area to see the uniformed Coke girls, Pepsi girls, and the Florida Milk Princess' Giggle, giggle, giggle, the cute teenage princesss answered when I asked her what she thought of the convention and all the dirty old men trying to pick her up. In between free Pepsis and dry hot dogs a combined total of 100 million people were watching on TV. Celebrities were having a field day with the searching press, who would fill the early morning hours with floor interviews which hinted more show 7'l . A Fi W .' I Aw: :Q V L' ', , nu I ' 2 5 S -if f . Awaiting commencement of act one - summer of '72, s l siness than politics. Correspondents embled walking transmitters venging the floor in hopes of ding a scoop in an over-covered jerhappening. alizing the dramatic overkill that i media was presenting, the Zippies up a free black and white set at e park and spent many an hour oying the festivities along with the t of the nation. Every once in a ile another camera-carrying US ivernment helocopter would woosh ar their heads with a lens pointed them. They would wave at the iformed man who aimed the :trument of surveillance and he iuld wave back. vo dimensional media was erywhere. During a heated floor ucus one young delegate insisted on guing after the matter was resolved 'cause it was his first time on prime ne national TV. Hotel lobbies oked like daylight for half the ening due to network television oriitoringg and in Flamingo Park ere were longhairs receiving color mera operating instructions from an BC technician. ihat did happen at Flamingo Park was int nearly as important as what didn't ippen. There was plenty of rebellious lk but no action. Somehow imorrow became today and erybody was still planning for imorrow. Most of the evenings were ient smoking dope and planning for ie next day's fantasy march. esides, in between all the free food id non-harassment attitude of ocky Pomerance's police, the park eople found plenty of fun to share ith one another. eer groups disseminated themselves. verybody acquired, and generally rotected, a piece of property. To the orth were the Vietnam Veterans .gainst the War iVVAWl. The south w the Gay Libbers. The southwest ovided space for the Southern Christian Leadership Conferance iSCLCi, and the People's Pot Party spent about 96 hours of constant smoking under a huge border-lining tree at the entrance to the encampment. These pieces of disseminated territory remained in each of the subcultural peer group's possession until the week ended. There was a smoke in, a nude swim-in and a few occasional demonstrations which added up to an overexaggerated, dull gathering where no one was busted. First generation media spokesmen Rubin and Hoffman were upstaged by a new subculture. Presented with a IOC gold retirement watch after the convention ended, they became little more than discarded players in a game of compromise. Most of those poor looking SCLC army gray tents that Ralph Abernathy brought with him were eventually occupied by white, upperamiddle class, long hair transients. The black leader of the poor people slept in a plush rented room while his makeshift city of symbolism and small pup tents sat blistered in the heat. Frustration bred apathy, and the dissapointed young left Miami with a lesson of political realism and memories of attempt. New politics. If anything, the Democratic meeting held here was a prepared product of media magnification. A political circus where actors were caged in electrongs and beaten with technology. Hot of July, the city of Miami Beach was more than one of broken dreams and distant personalities, Lavizhly rich hotels now housed Ralph Abernathy and Jerry Rubin. Flamingo Park saw a nonedelegate influx of dope and ideals. Schools became military camps and Miami became an ocean of cameras and microphones. Circling helicopters, gun carrying troops, barbed wire fences, and Secret Service men signalled the country that a mechanical marathon of organizational change was preparing to take place. Poised and readied by prediction, sparked and ignited by socialogical need. But an air of disillusionment hung over the New Politics and permeated the atmosphere. lt was inhaled by delegates and party officials, silk dressed royalty in V.l.P. boxes, and pre-conditioned newsman dipped in expectation. The stench that settled in your stomach made you sick with skepticism and nauseous with deception. America was seiged by an experimental atmosphere in Miami which would eventually prove to be an overcovered, anticlimatic, surface hoopla of decisions made months before the gavel even fell. lt was here, beside an alienated retirery populace, that the aged, weatherworn, and financally troubled Democratic Party was to hypothetically reform and show the nation a new type of political philosiphy. lt sounded so idealistic and wonderful, Three sides of the picture. x ' ' i-iii aria G95 H K 1 I C5 N1- 'S Youth enters the political scene. The days between the Democratic National Convention and the Republican National Convention stretched on like droplets which reflect light to make a rainbow. And the days themselves were spent in trying to find the light and the elusive pot of gold. Or pocketful of miracles. But waiting at the end of this particular summer rainbow was a packetful of credentials, bound not in pink ribbon, but in red tape. lt began one night shortly after the Democrats' Miami Beach marathon, with a call to the Republican Executive Headquarters of Broward County in Fort Lauderdale. I was told that press credentials were distributed through Steve Gerstel in the Senate Press Gallery at the Capitol. Realizing that this sounded a bit too easy, I mentioned that the request was for college press, and was told to contact Mike winner at the seasonk Hotel. However, Miller was away for the weekend and I could call back on Monday. The next four weeks were spent trying to reach Mike Miller. We were then told to get a letter of identification from our advisor. This accomplished, and hand delivered to a secretary, there followed another period of no progress. When next I called, it was to learn that a letter had just been sent out with regrets that no more passes were available. The Republican National Convention was set to convene on Monday, August 21. Sunday, August 20, l took a drive down to Miami Beach, parked at the Eden Roc lwhich is on the south side of the Fontainbleaul and walked further south to the Season's Hotel. However, it happened that all offices Republican Convention: Slicing Red Toi. i l ll l l i by Julie Cai except transportation had b' transferred to either the Eden Roo. the Fontainbleau. I should bei seemed, at the Arrangements Office the Fontainbleau, room 585. Th Mike Miller or someone else would ' me about passes. One of the drivers for the big-i delegates offered to drive me back that area. He claimed to have bi a former publicity director for Geo McGovern land there was a McGovi bumper sticker in his gli compartmentl and said t lVlcGovern is a much nicer man tl Nixon . . . but when he was unknoi he was only able to get poor advisi and now that he's a presiderl candidate, he's keeping them . . . listens too much to his advisors. added that l might get on the fl of the convention by becoming a pa We made a U-turn in front of 4-za. . .-:nr nr evra- I1'fr7.'r7f'x'.':.'-. fvf- r' f ' ' f - T ' ' ' ' ' T ' ,Q fi- V l L, . f -me iv a Cox and Julie Eisenhower. tainbleau and my driver added, , by the way. You won't be able pet in . . . It took me three days igure it out, and now you can do t'll be interesting for your story. walked toward the entrance there a chartered bus unloading its er-formally attired passengers, and alized later that this was the night parties and the S500-a-plate quet at the FontainbIeau's grand 'oom. lady familiar with the hotel, thanks he Democratic convention, l found back stairway and walked up until et a guard, who informed me that Arrangements Room 585 was iss the hall from the next stairwell. e Miller was not in the angements Office, but upon ning my name, I was greeted with Jncomfortable, Oh, yes. They received my messages of the last weeks. No, they couldn't help me he moment, but Jim Anderson was man in charge of pages. He had for the evening. N.. '- The guerilla theater IS the scene outside the convention hall 0 Returning to the Arrangements Office, the woman in charge commented, We've just been admiring your persistence. How did you get up here? I told them. The fourth and fifth floors are closed, reserved only for offices of the Republican National Convention. It won'tt happen tomorrow. Less than 24 hours, and a few more phone calls later, BCC had been put on the waiting list for weekly and Special Press Credentials. The next afternoon, Tuesday, we picked them up. The credential packet held individual passes for each session of the convention, and a maroon and bronze medal as a souvenir. lAt the Democratic convention, elastic was given out in order that credentials could be worn around the neck to facilitate securityg the Republicans substituted the medal, You may draw your own conclusions concerning priorities.l Later, those with press credentials would also receive a non-transferrable Dr Henry Kissinger, presidential advisor. pass to the Railroad Press Lounge, sponsored by the Association of American Railroads, and sewing the best sandwiches, soda, and beer, and all free. However, we soon learned that those credentials were not good as floor passes, in other words, that they could only be used at the far perimeter, the gallery. Because of the congestion at the Democrats' convention, the Republicans were employing another system of issuing floor and photographer passes. We started another network of inquiry, received some more incorrect information and somehow finally found the elusive Mike Miller at the RNC Press Center. He also seemed to recognize my name by now, and said that we would have to get a photographer's pass from the Photographers' Gallery at the other end of the hall. The people told us that we would have to work through the office that had given us our present passes. Back at the RNC Press Center, Nliller was in the middle of a conversation when we returned and by this time it was almost time for the session to be called to order. He ended that conversation with I'm sorry, l have to be at the podium in five minutes. He turned and we practically collided. Mr, Miller, I heard myself saying, lt's a three minute walk to the podium. l want two minutes of your time. After quick explanations on both sides, he said, with great finality, You've got the wrong credentials. He walked away. Back to the Photographers' Gallery. We were told to wait for the man in charge of this department ll think his name was Nlauricel Proving that it isn't always what you say, but how you say it, I explained to Maurice that NIr. Miller had to go to the gf but he says that we do have th credentials and should have I photographers passes lf it had been known that we special passes, we would have s weeks on hold attempting that set I ll X xl n n l I further heard myself explaini I we were a college magazine, vi an excellent layout on the Dem, Convention and if we didn't gi Republicans something equa would get heat from all sides. g they would be justified, becaus is just poor, biased journalism concluded with a strange mixtt I-know-you'lI-understand hui and righteousness, for it is veryn to become righteous in situation I these. jAnd besides, this hadt become more than just an immei goal, more than a driving force. I 1: become an investment.l I . r We received a photographers pa The whole experience of obtai credentials was perhaps rewarding and educational than: attending the convention. It I proven that bureaucracy can be ni to work for all who have a legitini cause if one person, somewhere all the line, is forced to make a decisi Too many people, in too mi circumstances, react solely for at Ie primarilyl on instinct a conditioning. A bureaucracy, for there are mi that make up one giant network, m be made to move, must be made think. And it is possible, even il means following up misinformat and listening to mixed prognoses fr false prophets. Sometime, one man will be forcet make a conscious decision. Tha when the bureaucracy moves. Tha when progress is made. iff Convention comes to order. ltd so there were the pitchers and the fchees, and the latter came in all rieties: were was the young woman from the iidwest who, after praising the esident, rattled off a list of very irtisan political organizations of wich she is a member andfor office Nalder, and concluded, I guess you luld say l'm a strict party-liner. Did is mean she would never vote for a emocrat: Well, if the candidate om the other party were really ialified, and if the Republican indidate were really terrible, l might insider it, or I might not vote at I Il .nd there was the older woman who, :ter realizing that her picture had just een taken, asked, Do you want to now who I am? Opening her ocketbook, she pulled out one of a andful of Zeroxed copies of ewspaper clippings and offered it, 'ith the words, Ever hear of lrandmother Bunny? She is Terri lake, 69, and author of You Can Do ', a book discussing self-improvement 1d self-realization. She has never een a bunny, but made the suit to mow that a woman over 60 can have body good enough to look like a unny. .lso, there was the earnest young man 'om Nebraska, a political science 'efI,59 major hoping to enter politics in the future in a more active role than simply a part of the Young Voters for the President lYVPl. And there was another member of that group who, in reply to our question as to why he chose YVP rather than Young Republicans, said lwith a why- don't-youfgo-straight-to-helI attitudel l'd prefer not to answer that question since we've gotten bad coverage from the press, To this, Bill and l were not sure whether to be insulted, amused, or simply flattered that someone thought us important enough to raise all that ire. Rather than waste too much time speculating, we proceeded down to the Railroad Press Lounge And there were the Boy Scouts, we wondered about their reaction to the Vietnam Veterans Against the War. They're really nice . . . friendly . . . neat . . . we were talkin' to them . . . they gave me a button. The answers came in an excited barrage, with the last comment coming from a boy who had previously identified himself as being the first scout on the floor. He unbuttoned a patch pocket and emerged with a VVAW button. Heyl You're the first one on televisiong why don't you wear it? l ventured, matching their enthusiasm. Because she won't let me. l followed his eyes to a point just behind my left shoulder and found myself eye-to-eye with the Scout Leader, who had obviously been there a while. lVlumbling something which was probably inappropriate and totally forgettable, we quickly exited. And there were the VVAWS themselves. Bill Wyman, 21 year-old Vietnam vet, sat in a wheelchair in the hallway by the battery of press facilities outside the main auditorium: I don't call President Nixon a man . . a liar . . . arrogance . . . pride . . murderer! In a game like Convention, when the outcome is already perfectly clear, playing the game is half the fun, witness if you will the greater excitement over the nomination of the Nixon-Agnew ticket than that over the actual arrival of the two in the hall the next day. For, though a discouraging word was n'er to be heard, if one looked closely, the signs of boredom could be discerned in some of the faces of those present: youth groups, little more than cheerleaders screaming on cue, and others tired of playing the game of showing the vast public support for the President. Perhaps it was all expressed in the bumper sticker which many a delegate would carry back to his home: God Bless Spiro Agnew. .I ASSOCIATE IN ARTS Deborah Ann Ackley Thomas Isaiah Addison Jr Marcia Jo Adkins Edward John Alshut Davida D. Bagnall Phyllis Ann Baldwin Phyllis Ann Bannister Anthony Borracci Stephen Alan Bourque Thomas Joseph Bowen Richard Collins Bowers Roy Marvin Bracey Ill Peter Thure Brorstom Elizabeth Markell Brown Raymond James Brown J Nathan James Buchanan Steven Michael Cammett Michael Lynn Campagna Robert Lawrence Cannon Paul George Cartier Daniel Thomas Cerrato Fay Fung-man Chan Frances Brandon Chapman John Anthony Chetta George F Clark Jr Carol Ann Colombarini Thomas Richard Connors Ronald E Constantino f Diana Lynn Contlni , Carol Lynn Cook V, Barbara Rietema Cooper I Robert M. Cooper I Koji raduafio Michael Robert Baumann George G. Beggs Marilyn Joyce Bethel Sandra J. Blackmon Kerry E. Burns Linda Grace Calloway Julia Calsi Arlene C. Cammett Cheryl Lannette Chisolm Stephen Noll Ciancio Paul J. Citro Frank John Claps William Grady Copeland Candace E. Croft James T. Curci Joyce E. Cusick I l I I l i I I l lf L. Dailey lridean Joy D'Amico .e Patrice Damanti lirad Hughes Dawson, Jr. Q me Joseph Denkevitz el C. Diaz Marie Dippold vrence Elbert Doane lith Carolyn Dunn hleen Eatherton 'n Jeffrey Ellington eph Paul Emmick il Z. Feinerman drew John Finley glas William Forsyth t Bernard Frankl vid Kindell Franklin ivrence Kyle Freeman Qphen LeRoy Gardner :ara Ann Gaskin k Allen Gay nald Cary Gestewitz hard Curtis Gionfriddo bert L. Goodwin 'old Jerold Greensword :il Everett Grimmett 'olyn Jane Guba 'en R. Haraldson gene Edward Hardy, Ill :hael Wayne l-larman iis J. Haynie 'etta L. Henderson kson Hayward Jmas Hoyt Hitt er Henry Hofener ry Katherine Hogan wneth Steven Holdeman icy Lou Hornack bert Garry Howard iert H. Hrutkay, Jr. me Queste Hutcherson :hael Jeffery lgnasiak 'y Jacobs 'tin B. Jacobs liam Marc Jacques di Lu Johnson Vlartin Johnson aph Elbert Joiner lee Harriet Jonas est H. Jones, Jr. :rge N. Jones ice Jones, Jr. iette Counts Jordan yn Keller ce M. Keohane nifer Lynn Kitson Roberta Jane Knoch David Earl Kramer Donald Charles Krpata Catherine Ann Laberdee Joseph Patrick Lahan, Jr. Camille Ann Catherine Lajewski Alan Warner Lane Fiona Ping Fong Sharon Jean Licker George Wayne Littlejohn Thomas Allan Lock Brenda Brock Long Mark Eugene Losee Stephen Martin Lunn Judith W. Mappes Joe M. Macias Gida Maria Maldonado Suzanne Elise Marriage Mary Lou Mathewson Rick Matquette John Matos Robert Harry McDevitt, Jr. Stephen F, McGarry Linda Jo McNulty David Lee Meadows Alfred Edward Melfi Frank Ferguson Millsaps Robert Aloysius Milward, Jr. James William Mize Robert Basil Moser Mary Elizabeth Muntz Denis Robert Murdock Larry Jay Naglebush Gloria Cecelia Napp William Joseph O'Brien, Jr. Moses Bernard Osceola Raymond Scott Padgett John Skene Pain Frederick Robert Panton Jane P. Parot Paulette Loleatha Patterson David B. Peck Frederick S. Peck Maryellen Theresa Pecoraro Pamela Jean Pole Judith Ann Prossic Michelle Louise Provost Douglas Richard Pugh Josee Helen Quesnel Judith Marie Radin Lewis Dennison Reed Kenneth H. Reynolds Rick Kenneth Reynolds Nancy Simpson Richards Yvonne Josefina Rickert Judith Jackson Ringi Diane Roberts Joe Glendon Roberts Jeffrey J. Rosz Beverly Ann Rowland Richard Lee Rowntree Keith Scott Rcyle William Michael Russell Darcy Ann Russo Terry Paul Ruth John Michael Saffran Darlene Day Sam Dorothy M. Sams Joseph Santangelo, Jr. Mary Katherine Scheer Mildred B. Schultz Monty Edward Schwartz Muriel C. Schwartz William C. Scott Albert J. Semago Donald W. Severino Mimi Victoria Schrader Karen Nancy Siebelts Peter Roy Siegle Gregory J. Sitzman Teresa Brodeur Siogren Donna Marie Skerritt Lindsay Jean Sheath William Harold Sonnenberg Susan Alice Spahn Kim Thomas Stiff William E. Striplin, Jr. Joseph T. Telles Dwight James Tillman, Jr. John F. Treney Allie Warren Turner William Frank Ulbrandt Susan J. Uscier Gary Jay Van Grondelle Richard Stephen Vom Saal Alphonso Walker James Kermit Walton Lenore Weiner Margaret Ann Weiss Robert Lee Wertz, Jr. Sandra Hope Whalen Hugh M. Wharton Charles Hurley Whitmore, Seth Edward Wibling Clara Elizabeth Wilkerson Faye Elese Williams Eugene Martin Williford Harold W. Wilson Debra Gale Zerbe Photos by Dave Patrifl ,431-if l 4 i l ASSOCIATE IN SCIENCE AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY Albertino Santos Condez, Jr. John joseph Del Colliano William S. Moore Joe David Test Charles Joseph Zeidler, Ill AIRLINE CAREERS Judith Ann Maher ARCHITECTURAL TECHNOLOGY Dennis Gene D'Agosta BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION: lAccountingl Harriet Elizabeth Bonin George T. Judd Jerome Andrew LoBianco Gayle Marie Walker BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION: IExecutive Secretaryl Anita Linda lrvvin Brenda Jeanne Mainguy Edna Joy Spitzkopf Denise Darsell Washington BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION: lGeneral Businessl Don Weir Finlayson Theola J. Trigg BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION: IGeneraI Secretaryl Patricia Ann Dezmain BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION: ILegal Secretaryl Linda Leone Baisch Susan Book Regina F. Johnson Evelyn Marie Phares COMMERCIAL ART Jennie Deborah Hewitt CRIMINAL JUSTICE TECHNOLOGY Gary Floyd Anderson Orem R. Bosse Leroy F. Davis Robert C. Irving Bryn Edward Madge Ronald T. Peluso Gerald B. Simpson Jonathan Vern Smith David Adrian Snow Lawrence Robert Stracuzza Thomas Edward Woodington DATA PROC ESSING TECHNOLOGY Norman Edward Bottum Robert Allen Hidden Alfred William Leavitt Franklin Morales Kenneth H. Russell, Jr. ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY Kriss Allen Bennett Bradley Paul Burrows Raymond Joseph Hofmann Michael Roy Hoober Wayne Douglas Jackson David M. Scott FIRE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY Roger Thomas HOTEL- RESTAU RANT--I NSTITUTION ADMINISTRATION Michael Oren Lanier Michael R. Perestock Stephen F. Port, Jr. Kevin Barry Hall Thomas Michael Faroh 4 LANDSCAPE TECHNOLOGY David Aldrich Hofmann James Vincent O'Donnell, Jr. Mark Stephen Parker MEDICAL ASSISTING TECHNOLOGY Brigitte Noll Elliott Jane Elizabeth Myers UUA LOCIATE IN SCIENCE RKETING MANAGEMENT -ara Jean Davis 1 Paul Gosselin ent Vitale jall Frank Wolcott SING l Ida Carol Cooper l IJCE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY l In H. Bogen 'W Bunyan Corbly, Ill DIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY ,I Sue Austin ine Evelyn Butz Iwi Lucille chraraello inia Ann Co nway na Darlene Darmody stine Ann Hellegaard Claudette Rahn Jackson Candace Chadwick Lohmann Lynette Berney Prochaska Carl Patrick Rigsbee Alex D. Spivey Sherry Lee Stokes Calvin Earl Walker CERTIFICATES POLICE SCIENCE Carl W. Carruthers William Bruce Carter Peter Karl Eckert Radford Fox Howard I. Kaye Leo Kokoian John David Lloyd B. Edward Madge Richard Burton Murphy Bart G. Piacente Howard Robert Smith Douglas Donald Stambaugh x-' Echtors: Julie Calsi Bill Jacques Ruth Lantzy Nancy Mixon Peter Paige Faculty Advisor.' ' Ms. Berry Owen Special thanks to Dave Patrick, Terry Tafoya, Joseph Cappella, and the staff at Learning Resources. Photo by Bill Jacques Pres i den t: Dr. Hugh Adams Vice President and Dean of Academic Affairs Dr. Clinton Hamilton Dean of Student Affairs: Silver Sands is a bi-annual publication produced by the students of Broward Community College and funded through the Student Activities Board. Opinions expressed by individual writers are not necessarily those of the staff, faculty, or administration. Dr. George Young A 1... 1 2 'I 1 1 I V1 ,l i I 1 1 1 1 yy, Gy -4, 7 .. C11 1 fr- Ts: -'ix Jr x ,M 1 '11 'f 4 u',f.XrJ' 1 'N' ' n wit . f 1,,.w. -Q.-Nr -o ul' vi, dn .-r 'KJ' 'K , 'CT v Q 'fi 4' 7 v al 0 , u Q . ,. '. -.uw kv l -, 7 aw:-.Ms ,.t ' :A ' v ' 51. '-' W ' -4 ,s ,. ,- 4 0- - - . s 5 QA v!'4r'. ,. 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'1.,s-'93--f.-'- '.9'v-n j1 , - . x .ff . 'Hi' QT' -'wa ju., Q ' 1 1' ' A- -fr +- A x, '11 I -4,9514 F N lf ' 0 ' s. I ' . Z! ' -. Nl r 1 '-4' 591, Q. .N 1, ' . .. u 1 v J . 1 . . Q , . Q 0 :U . Rf if i - 'T '-wiv- P' ' ' . . . f v-..4.. - Q. Q , . :ag ' ' I 1.7 'Mix' 'Q ,A X . . in . V' ' , O . S., 13 , O-Q. v 'Hn 'il ' :gf , I' 'E f is- I I , A Q Q QQ . QA' I. . , 'E C If 3 .S 1,2 b :ff + A ,ff 1. M- w' . Lk xt ' 'fy .Q . .0 Y. ,Q L wc. 0 .i-a'1Qa ,ff . - . v1 ,-.inf - '92 x . --' ' x ' DJ 1 an x 'L vc Dv' '- xswuraxk' fe!. ,' na ,Stag 1 ' 'sys 'cj lm -4 ' 'iY4Z i!- ' ' . I Avi -5 X :L ,uni . ,sl-J' Xa i X' N: N J l fffff QI - ' 5 :V , I2 t.. I ix cv . .ful - - g 0 N , I-, Q s ., .. F9-Q , 15, 5:3 r o 'f't a ' .l- ', Q ., , L.. . 5 B lay 0 . as 0 0 W G S 5 ' ' ' w ' -' '. ' ' ' J. f. 'Q s ' pf'N W I f ' fu A ' My - . t't,r1. s. 5 x L be 'af qs ig. . 'Q I - , Pwr Q . J Q .' 'tr . ,E tm. -4 tp. A . . 1 ' 1 --' ' an .3 gl. ,I P .Q Q . ,. 5 5 A O g . , cs 7, as . , : 3. - I. rn.. . ' Q' x 'Q og , 0 ' ..g 5 A s g 0 . Q .. In ,. S Q Tw Q . as t. -Q ' Q Q Q .s-.- Q ' i .S 4 . . ' 0 - ' - ' ' . ' ' ds ' . O .bg 'Qu ., ' . Q S V' I V.Q 1 -9 o J K Q li iff - . V 2 , I . ,. . o - g - Y' 'If u O s 'irq' V.. ' 5 . Q ' A V !,.,'5i:4.' ' 2 1 5 ' 3 SIL ER SAYDS BFQGWARD CO'. ,'U'JTY COLLECE l FORT LiLUDEF?Dl1-LE,FLOPlDxC- SHE: E f 4 Psychic Phenomena 7 Theatrical Expression 27 Sexual Respon.sibilir'y 58 College Expansion 72 'Qc gb BCC Sports ,. ,,.... ,,.. -1 J-- .1 Y' F 'I.,-CJCJI3 CIF' IIAIIV, EO 02153, IVIIISIC, AIVIJ f'E1'CJI3IJE1' Just like Christmas and the Fourth of July, Mardi Gras comes once a year, but somehow the week long New Orleans festival has a feeling like no other place and time in the world. Mardi Gras is non-stop celebration, a people and a city beyond time. Mardi Gras is fat old ladies, smiling young girls, dancing in the streets and 50-cent hot dogs. Mardi Gras is Pompei without the volcano, Woodstock without the movie and getting high without coming down. When the Pop Festival died in 1970, Mardi Gras was ready and willing to take its place. Last March they came from as far as California and New York, hitchhiking and traveling together in vans to pool their resources, Camping on the road, and then dropping off their belongings at places like the Abbite Inn, that offered hot showers and clean floors for a dollar a night - the name of the game was survival. St. Mark's Community Center was one of several places with hot meals for 50 cents or a little help cleaning the dishesp New Orleans during Mardi Gras was a poor man's dream. As it says in the Community Kitchen information sheets that were being passed out on Bourbon Street, The kitchen has its roots in legendary free feeds such as Manna From Heaven and Three Loaves and Five Fishes. It gets down to a basic tribal communion - sharing food energy. We feel that all forms of lite are one and that we're all little bits of the same energy. The Kitchen is about being aware of other people's needs and doing what we can to help. You can't get more basic than food. l. l i Mardi Gras is music. Street musicians were busy all week, but on Sunday before the big day, thousands jammed City Park for a free rock concert featuring Foghat, Pot Liquor and local bands. It had rained the night before and shortly after the music started, fifty or sixty concert goers started a mud slide contest in front of the stage. Later that night, three mud people showed up at St. Marks for dinner, literally covered from head to toe, wearing mud packed jeans and smiles. We were just getting high, they told the guy who pointed them to the showers, just getting high. Lee Hess, a 19-year-old from Fort Lauderdale, spent a week hanging around Bourbon Street, meeting people and waiting for someone to check her fake ID. No one ever asked me for it though, she said. Anyone can buy a drink during Mardi Gras--even the bartenders and police get caught up in the 0 .4 h celebration. There was so much going on--the parades and the music-I ran myself ragged and didn't sleep because I didn't want to miss anything. Bourbon Street is like a place you always hear about, but never see. One minute, wealthy residents are throwing quarters and occasional dollar bills from overhanging balconies to people in the streets below, and then it's f Q A JSll1'i: If Q lr , lb I Sympathy for the Devil blasting from a parked VW van with speakers on its roof and the crowd becomes electric. Age or color are no barrier here -- Mardi Gras is people having a good time, and that includes everyone. Of course, it all came to a peak on Mardi Gras Tuesday with the annual Flex parade honoring King Bacchus. Action started at 10 a.m. from Napolean and St. Charles Streets, eventually parading down Canal. Even though the event has lost much of its appeal in recent years, the extravaganza still remains the traditional Mardi Gras highlight. It was just fantastic, said former BCC student June Phillips, the parades had gone on all week, but the one on Tuesday was really something special. The streets were just packed--the whole Bourbon Street area was unreal, people in costumes and all, It was the same partying and good tirnes that had gone on all week, only far more intense. There's just no way to describe it, she added. text and photos by Dave Patrick -A Indian history runs the length and breadth of Florida and it could live in the South Florida Seminole Indians. Unfortunately, Seminole history lies in the dust behind the bright life of the tourist industry. While their native brothers to the northwest, the Sioux, fight at Wounded Knee to retain their lndianess along with other tribal protests across the nation, the Seminoles make money. The Seminoles have had their wars, almost two generations of them. And in refusing to accept defeat, they pride themselves on being the Hunconquered people. They have also refused to accept the white man's concrete, steel and glass. Thus, they make their homes in the deep silence of the serene sawgrass plains. Even the name Seminole translates to wild people and this nation of Indians that once ruled all of the southern half of the United States still remains proud of the heritage the translation reflects. It seems, however, that they have exploited it to compete with the white man at his own game: materialism. They have turned the table of fortune so that the white man gets the trinkets and the Indians get the money. I ans msn an runners, mounts 55 HAM? When the Seminoles announced their annual tribal fair and rodeo in February, 1973, Florida's Governor Reubin Askew proclaimed it Seminole Indian Week. The event was sponsored by the Seminole Okalee Indian Village, in Hollywood. The seemingly cultural event had a carnival atmosphere, with rides and freak sideshows on the outside, and a disappointing two dollars at the gate, self-guided tour of the village inside. The rip-off only began at the gate. Once inside, the people Imostly whites who came out of curiosityl were asked to buy, buy, buy. What were they selling? More than just crafts, pottery, blankets, and Indian food that somehow looked too familiar. They were, and still are selling a heritage which Chief Osceola fought and died for over 130 years ago. Osceola is the name derived from his original tribal name of Assi-in-ye-hola. 5- i I It means rising sun and black brew crier - from 1:he cry given with the ceremonial drink lassil in the Green Corn Dance, and just before embarking into battle. He was the son of a Creek woman and a white trader. His name at birth was Billy Powell. He drifted with his mother into the Big Swamp, home of the Seminole and refuge, to the Miccosukee, when the white man took possession of Indian lands and thus began the historically great Trail of Tears. The trail herded the defeated tribes westward to lands uonsidered uninhabitable and useless to the whites. When the Seminoles were ordered to move westward by the Great White Father Andrew Jackson, Osceola became known as the one who resists, the one who holds the Seminole to their home. The popular irrational slogan of the time was the only good Indian is a dead indian and it seems from history that slave dealers and land grabbers were personal friends of the president's. The war whoops cried out, Seminole raids struck along the Great Swamp and Osceola was the Seminole nation's new war chief. To quote Bob Dylan, The history books tell it, they tell it so well, the Calvary charged, the Indians fell. The master spirit, Osceola, had died a prisoner in Fort Marion, St. Augustine. It was noted in a recent Miami Herald Tropic news feature by Bill Barry that Osceola may have been slowly killed by medications given him by his doctor in the fort. Barry said, The stupidity of the government in entrusting Osceola's care to a man so intimately tied to that act of revenge -- the killing of Gen. Wiley Thompson, an Indian agent - was not lost on the public. The Army could not defeat the Seminoles as the war dragged into a fragile peace. In 1842, the Seminole nation remained unconquered and the Army apparently lost its first war. That was the first war, two others flared up the last being in the 1880's, ending in nearly the same conditions. It seems the enemy has fared quite well moneywise, for they may be unconquerable, but certainly adaptable to the white man's ways. Most of the tribe's income is derived from land leases according to Duane Moxon, superintendent of Indian Affairs at the Department of Interior s Seminole Indian Agency, on Stirling Road in Hollywood A firm that specializes in developing mobile home parks, Escom, Inc one of their biggest customers. One of the company s largest developments is on the Hollywood reservation It is here that the village does a thriving business and uses their business title of The Seminole Tribe of Florida Inc Under federal law the Indians can only lease their lands with government permission, they cannot sell it All Indians were declared citizens of the United States by Congress in 1924, but the Seminoles refused to dissolve into what some social scientists refer to as the melting pot of American society. The saddest concern is that the present and future generations of Seminoles are caught between two cultures: the old Indian ways and the white man s ways resulting in a confused people Recently it was reported that Victor McKinley Osceola 19 the youngest park ranger in uniform shot himself He was said to be drunk and the note he left said Let me go I must be free of this After ten days of struggling with life young Osceola left a grieving widow and child D David Lieberman a chinical psychologist reported that alcoholism afflicts 20 percent of the adult members of the Miccosukee Indians who live along the Tamiami Trail This is a separate tribe from the Seminoles, yet their ways of life a closely related. Each tribe is prou however, of their individual herita So it would seem that the Indian .I turned to alcohol for a solution, rath than education, to his confusion. Granted the tourist business and Ian ease developments provid Seminoles with needed employmen but economic development effectively take place when it I self sufficient perhaps by agricultur means Barry concluded Within the den isolation boredom fills the young hunger grows for something but what7 The master spirit seems gone no from the Everglades and only a 0 culture remains by Lisa Papa photos by Dave Patrick N si ll . 3 1 I A . -x 'lfiaiwf . ' J' '- ri 5 I . .I ' we ' X - 1 e ' , Ch, X ff' -.li l,? X'.x51N:'NI5a' . , 1' EMA ff :gil 1 iff, 'lt K E I I, X MXN I UV! qw f s, W, A -ff Mx ' , 1 XV 7' 1 'X A I ,W ,Q S X We xx f KX U xml X Q X .U .,., ,gf X, W 5 X N., 'x x -fQ'l ,'.V J g X, . . -xxx k ' TQ N! 1 -Q1 CUUifch6uQ qhimbimg ,Zr I I 1 Gail Gaber, a 21 year old psychology major at BCC, is known by many fellow students to possess I 4 psychic powers and the ability to profect her thoughts in order that a particular happening may A occun Gail refers to her self as a fwitchf and, in an interview with Silver Sands writer Nancy Mixon, she discusses her ideas on witchcraft, psychic powers, reincarnation, and some things which have happened to her as a clairvoyant. SS: What, exactly, is a 'lwhite witchn? GG: That's where I differ from a lot of people because people say witchcraft is divided into two sorts, white and black. Actually, there's a white type, black, and gray. lt's an in-betvveen sort of thing. I don't think there's basically one black or one white because a black witch would do good magic as well as a white witch would do black magic. People tend to put degree factors, saying there has to be a certain type of good, there has to be a certain type of bad. That's really obsolete. I don't call myself a white witch or a black witch, because I can do evil or I can do good. I do both. SS: Do you try to do good rather than evil? GG: Basically, yes. Basically, my aim is to help mankind, not harm it. SS: ln what ways do you do this? How far do your powers extend? GG: I find my most powerful source is where I was born. Some people have this. Also, certain people bring out my powers and it's very strong. It's like when you have different types of things that you do. l'lI try to explain. Say you're strong in one area, but then you go to another area and you're real weak. My witchcraft is strong with certain people from whom I get strength. And, in certain places I feel strong. Most of my witchcraft is supposed to be done in solitude, with no one around whatsoever, because it can do harm to that other person. Because, if I'm doing a certain spell and I'm encircled by a pentogram or encased in a circle, anyone outside that circle can be harmed because what l'm doing is summoning maybe demons or spirits to do what I want, what I'm saying, what l'm commanding. SS: From where are these demons or spirits manifested? To what do you attribute them? GG: I learned today from talking to a guy who is a psychokinetic that the forces you think you see are really from yourself, but there are certain spirits. There's a physical sense of a person' and a spiritual. And there's an astral body -- that is your soul. And a spirit is your astral soul, lingering after you're dead of your physical. That's what a spirit really IS. SS: ln other words, it can be a very intenx sensitivity to life and to people around you. I J GG: Very much so. You take a witch and you take fi ordinary person. There's really no difference. lt's just tl one has developed her brain powers. That's all it is -- If' mind powers. Because every individual can do it, and a witi normally does. Well, there will be certain .degree levelsg how you can do certain things, but most people have Il ability, they just don't utilize it. T SS: Have you ever been called upon to teach anyone tf method you use? GG: Yes, my boyfriend for one. He has powers and I drag powers from him - by holding his hand I get energy forcu from him. Or maybe kissing him, I get energy forces fro' him. From certain people I get energy forces. Or some peop can drain me of mine. SS: When did you first realize that you had these power: GG: Oh, when I was a kid, I used to do certain things.: would predict things for one thing. I have psychic abilitie I predict certain things will happen and they do. l'm vei prophetic. I say, that's going to happen and it does, short after I say it. And l'm right, 85 per cent of the time, whit is a pretty good percentage. But l'm working on it, becau: l'd like to be 100 per cent. SS: What do you attribute your psychic powers to?Do yoL base your predictions on evidence that you have or are ya more apt to feel that something is going to happen? GG: You know women's intuition, they don't know when that comes from. Well, I don't know where this comes fron My psychic abilities, or powers or whatever they are callei are a feeling or sensitivity 'involving another person. Tw weeks ago I was working with my girlfriend -- l'm into tart cards, too -- and without reading the tarot cards I told he she was going to meet a guy with dark hair and basicall dark eyes and I said he was going to come from the pas Within a two week span, a young man called her she ha not seen in a very long time and asked her out. SS: Do you feel these psychic abilities are innate in everyone GG: Basically, yes. SS: Did you develop them yourself? .J 3: I had to develop them, right. They come naturally, it then you've got to start using your mind. One person 10's a spiritualist that I know - I don't want to name names says that the best way to find an answer to something that's your head is to take the question and say it to yourself d blank your mind totally. lt's really hard to blank your nd until you see a black space in your head. But the first wver that comes to your mind, that's the answer. And :lo this on tests. Like chemistry l'm poor ing I took a rt in biology, it was a chemistry part, there were 50 estions and I got 42 of them right. I didn't even look the book. I know nothing of chemistry. : ln other words, when you blank your mind, your bconscious takes over and it automatically brings to you 2 correct answer? 5: Right. Like, it's inert in your brain and it just takes he force to bring it out. People don't realize how much wer they have within themselves. They say, I'm such a ak person. That's such trivial You make yourself strong! lu can be anything you want, because you have the power your mind to drive you to do it. But you have to grab ' it. What is it, you use like 'IO per cent of your brain. :ere does that other 90 per cent go? In witchcraft, you rn to use maybe 30 per cent more. l'm at the point where e learned to control people now, where I can make a person something they wouldn't normally do. You can control Jple like that - putting the thoughts in your head into neone else's head. lt's very strange. If I want my boyfriend call me, or anyone else to call me, l'll think very hard, 1, within an hour or so, they'll call. 7 You mean, you just concentrate very intensely? i: Exactly. Witchcraft is very intense. : Are you called upon by others to use your powers very ten? 3: Yes. I have girlfriends who say, Will you please do love spell for me? or l'm having problems at home. Do u think you could do something to straighten them out? id I always say no. However, if I see there's a need to it, I'lI do it. If someone begs me, says Will you please it? , I won't, unless it's something to save the person herwise, I won't do it. It's against what I believe. : ln other words, you have to see the need before you 'll 'form a spell? 5: Right. I have to make a judgement. I have a girlfriend shouldn't really call her a girlfriend, she's an acquaintance Nho thinks only of herself, so she asked me to do a love ell. Yet, if I feel this guy doesn't deserve her, I may even a separation spell to keep them apart. SS: Does this spell work? lf you choose to keep them apart, can you do it? GG: Oh, yes. There's a spell you have to go through, certain words you have to say, certain utensils you have to use. I have to be careful when I do that - that's a black art. It is kind of evil. When you do evil, it comes back to you threefold, so you have to be careful. SS: Then evil is more powerful than good? GG: It is basically. But I feel that if you have goodness in your heart, it can override evil. Evil is more powerful and more harmful, but when you do something good, it comes back to you ninefold - three times as great as three. When you do something good for someone, it comes back to you. SS: Do you abide by the theory that the brain is composed of electric brain waves and you send out the forces from within your astral body? That, in essence, you radiate your ideas through electric impulses? GG: Right. lVlost of the utensils you use -- the candles, incenses, herbs, that are used in spells - do help, because, l feel, they get you into the mood of what you're doing and they get you so intense because things around you do affect you. Certain color candles, certain words get you into the mood of what you're doing. lt's all psychological. l'm a psychology major. What l'd really like to get into is parapsychology, but they don't offer it at Broward. SS.' What do you feel you have achieved with your powers that has essentially benefitted you or someone else? GG: Helping others. When I see l've helped someone else, my heart just sort of . . . tingles! lt's self satisfaction, not a martyr sort of thing. But no one knows half the stuff l've done. I don't care for them to know. lt's just my personal being knowing. It makes me feel like a better person. SS: When you were small and first realized you were psychic and could predict the future, did you find it unusual that other people couldn 't do the same thing? GG: Yes. I thought everyone could do the same thing. But I would say things to my mother and it would happen afterward. My mother does not acknowledge my witchcraft. Anyway, I just assumed everyone could do what I did. But I had a girlfriend who thought I was out of my mind. l'd say, You're gonna fall down later on and you're gonna really hurt yourself. Of course, she said, Yea, uh-huh. Then she fell down and nearly broke her leg. I also predicted that this girl I knew would have kidney problems, which she did about a week later. Illnesses I pick up very easily. Also, heartbreak or hurt. And here's where I really get into witchcraft: I can look at a picture of someone and know exactly their personality without hearing them speak a word, just by sensing the type of person they are. I can always tell when someone's not feeling well or there's something wrong. There are some people I know who are outwardly very quiet or very friendly, but when there's something wrong, something about them is different. SS: Do many people know you're a witch? GG: Yes. SS.' How are they aware of it? By the things you have done or does the fact creep out in conversation? GG: People start talking about psychic powers and l'Il get into it and start saying things. They'll say, Prove it, but there's a witch's code I have that says I don't have to prove it to anyone but myself and I will not. But I have done it for one person, a guy who's in Student Government, about a month ago. We were sitting there and he had a letter that he gave to me and said, What do you feel from this letter? I described the girl who wrote it to a HT . I made het a little taller than she was. I said she was 5'5 -V she's about 5'2 in reality, but wears heels all the time. I felt the height being there. I described her hair, her coloring, everything about her. And then, he gave me a picture of her and I described her personality to a HT . I said I felt the letter B very strong and he said both her names start with HB . Her name was Barbara B . He was totalled. He told me, I really believe you're a witch. No one could just touch something and come out with something like that. lt's something like the powers of the mind - moving things, psychokinesis they call it. I used to be able to do that, although l've lost a lot of it. I used to take sliding doors and have them moving back and forth with my mind. Or, without touching my bureau drawers, l'd have them moving out or moving in. The heavier it is, the harder it is to do. SS: You mean, you can actually make a door close by using your mind? GG: Yes, I could, but now l've sort of lost contact because I haven't studied that field anymore. The only thing I can do now is raise candle flames. When I was in Boston - that's where I was born, l'm so strong in Boston - I took candle flames, nine of them all in a row, and my cousin and I sat in front of them. I stood up, my hands on the drawer and you could feel the muscle tension and the candles rose about twelve inches. I moved them up and down, up and down. She just stood there and watched. She's one of the few people that have actually seen some of my powers. I know one day about a week ago, there was a dog outside. Now, there are certain things that are the devil's mark, like this Iindicating the index and little finger of her right hand raised with the other fingers pulled downwardl and they mean death or harm. If I get very upset, sometimes l'll do them just as a reaction. This dog was following me as I was going to Student Government, I came from the library and was I I going across the grass. My pocketbook has beads han, from it and I guess it must have annoyed the dog, bec the dog kept barking at me and following me. So, I 1 the dog very casually, Go away, dog, it's OK, go awa But he kept following me and wouldn't go away. So I like that Iindicating the hand signl and the dog just ke right over and whined. I didn't kill him, but I must hi caused a certain amount of pain because the dogjust whir' When he got up, he walked off with his tail between hisl and I got very upset. You know, people say witches are emotional, but witches are very emotional and they cry. reached my girl friend, very upset, and said, My God, w did I do? We were sitting in the office and someone open: the door. We saw the dog and when the dog saw me it -I out. It does frighten me because I do have the power! harm. I did it in Boston and the dog just keeled over 22 cried. Whenever I walked up and down the street, the C1 just would not come near me. I SS: So, you found out from this experience that youc have evil powers and that they 're very strong? GG: Oh, yes. And I frighten myself, because if I cant this to a dog, I can do this to a human, too. I had a demt come to visit me the other night in the form of a spider my room. I asked it questions, I told it to come forwal if yes and backward if uno . lt did. My girlfriend w on the phone and I told her, There's a spider in here ar it's moving back and forth. She said, Talk to it and si what happens. So, I said, If you're a spirit, please moi Jrward, and it moved forward. And I said, If you want J talk to me, move a little closer, and it came a little closer. .nd I started asking it questions about the future and got es or no answers by it moving left to right or back and Jrth. And I would change it - Move back if yes, forward . u ' UO. S: How do you explain this spirit? Do you think its be spirit of someone that has died, perhaps a reincarnated oirit? IG: Spirits can enter a body. You've heard of possession? lell, this spider was possessed for a certain period of time y a spirit. This spirit couldn't come to me in physical form tthat moment, so it came to me by entering the spider. bet that spider was running around thinking, What's going n? What the hell am I moving for? S: Do you feel the spirit came to you because of your awers? G: Yes, because at the time there were a lot of questions I my head, a lot of things I was worried about. I worry equently, you know: people say witches don't have feelings, Jt I think maybe they have the most feelings because of ieir sensitivity. S: Have you ever worked with other witches? G: I have a sister witch I work with. She's tremendous: le's more powerful than I in some areas. l'm at the point here I can look at people and see right through them and now exactly what's going to happen to them. But she can 3 spells and get results that are just phenomenal. We both ave a thing - if someone does us wrong, they get hurt in me end. If I get hurt or if someone hurts my girlfriend I any way, be it trivial or very severe, it comes back to them. S: Where did you meet your sister witch? IG: I met her in school. She was dating one guy and I ras dating another and we met through them. I said, There's Jmething going on with me. I couldn't understand. I ot into witchcraft only about a year and a half ago, really aalizing there was something there. We both had it and I tarted first and she got into it. She's really very brilliant. le two just click. S: Why, if you realized that you have pscyhic power-9, did ou wait until just a year and a half ago to develop them? So mote it be -- may it happen when it happens . . Don't change it -- because this is the way the cosmic binds are supposed to go. GG: It wasn't really waiting, it's just that my time wasn't until then. I always say, if it's meant to be, it's meant to beg there will be a time for everything. There's a line in witchcraft, So mote it be -- may it happen when it happens. Whenever I do a spell, that's the end line - So mote it be. That's really my idea of life. lf this person is to meet this person or this thing is to happen, it will. Why change it, really? Witchcraft can change it to some degree, but I have the philosophy, Don't change it -- because this is the way the cosmic binds are supposed to go. SS: ln other words, you believe that everything happens for a reason and that each event is relevant to another. How do you exercise your powers without feeling as though you have intruded upon fate and, say, brought two people together who perhaps shouldn't be together? GG: This is the way I look at it: when I do a spell, it's because I'm supposed to do it. lt's just a feeling I have. When I bring two people together - So mote it be. If they get together, they get together, if they don't they don't, If they get together because of my force, then it was meant to happeh. I wasn't really altering fate, maybe I was helping it along. SS: Are you very religious? GG: No. SS: Do you believe that a witch is immortal, perhaps with respect to the theories of reincarnation? GG: Oh, I'm a reincarnated witch. l'm 225 years old. the stake . . . and I was to be burned at SS: Have you regressed to a former life? GG: Yes, l've been through regression. I only know of one life before. I was in the Pilgrim age, or a little past that age - 1748 V- and I was to be burned at the stake. But there was never a witch burned at the stake, because if she was a smart witch she wouldn't be burnt. I had someone else go to the stake instead of myself. SS: How did you do that? GG: Through my powers. Projecting that they were the witch rather than myself. No witch died. They say that witches were tortured, but that can't possibly be, because if a witch had any kind of psychic power whatsoever, she would have gotten herself out of it. I think I've been a witch all my life, l've just never really grasped at it until the last year or so, realizing the potential it holds. Honestly, sometimes I wish I didn't have these powers because sometimes I see harm and it happens. Sometimes I can prevent it and sometimes it just has to be and I can't do anything about it. It worries a person. SS: Do you think you want to regress any further back to SS: Do you think you want to regress any further back to discover about your other lives in the past? GG: Oh, yes. Except that my sister witch almost lost me when she brought me through regression. I could have stayed there in time. My physical body would have been dead, my mind would have still been alive. It would be trapped in a body that was dead. I had seen myself - I was basically the same, but thinner, and I had blonde hair and a pilgrim outfit. I looked adorable, sitting around some trees. Then, all of a sudden I saw myself screaming and my face was distorted. There was another face, a person. I don't know if he was there to help me or harm me: I still don't know. My girlfriend brought me out of it because I started to tremble and shake like this. I got very upset and frightened. She brought me out of it and she said, My God, I thought I was going to lose you. Even to this day, I can still see this horrible face. l'm trying to figure out what was going on then. We went back and it could have been the trials. ' SS: You skipped all the time between the witch triaf your premnt life. Why? GG: My soul rested for awhile, I know that. I don't Q what happened in between. I could have been some else. Sometimes your soul will live somewhere for a cel or so before it will come into form again. -Q SS: Do you feel you have control over when and where' soul will reincarnate? . GG: ldon't know. l'm looking into that right now. Thi so much in witchcraft and reincarnation, so many phase!! look into and I'm trying to grasp everything, but it's rt hard because there's so much that's so fascinating. SS: What would your advice be to the average person' feels he or she has some type of psychic ability and w- like to develop it? How would you suggest someone go al it? GG: Don't do it on your own. You should have some who has experience and knowledge. I did it on my: basically, which was a mistake, because I went through a I did the black magic and I learned the hard way. I a lot of harm to other people as well as myself. Thel thing is to find someone who knows what they're tall about and will know how to train you. Don't do it ony own. lt's not good. People say that if you do sometl on your own, you experience more: but with something this, there's danger involved. ft lot' of people ask, Is witchcraft your religion? and I No. Its like a hobby. lt's a development of my another facet of my interests. by Nancy Mixon Illustrated by Steve Selpal 'PHE l9EVlla'5 TRIANGLE A ship or plane vanishes without a trace, rescue parties search for days only to return empty handed - the strange phenomenon that lurks inside the boundaries of the Bermuda Triangle has swallowed up another victim. Since the beginning of the nineteenth century, over 1,000 people have vanished in the Bermuda Triangle, which lies mainly off the southern coast of Florida, with the points of the triangle formed by Bermuda, Key West, and the Virgin Islands. Also knows as the Devil's Sea, this area has numerous mysteries that stagger man's imagination. Some of the most bizarre incidents that have occurred in the triangle include disappearances of ships, airplanes and ships, and the disappearance of five TBM Avenger bombers. On March 4, 1918, the 19,000 ton Navy supply ship USS Cyclops left Barbados, in the West Indies, for Norfolk, Virginia. The 500 foot ship carried 309 passengers and a valuable cargo of 10,800 TONS of 'manganese ore. The weather was fair. No radio messages were received. When it became clear that the Cyclops was overdue, an intensive search was launched. Months later the Navy summed up its investigation with this statement: The disappearance of this ship has been one of the most baffling mysteries in the annals of the Navy, all attempts to locate her having proved unsuccessful. Many theories have been advanced, but none that satisfactorily accounts for her disappearance. On February 2, 1963, the 554 foot tanker Marine Sulphur Oueen left Beaumont, Texas for Norfolk, Virginia. She carried a crew of thirty-nine and a cargo of molten sulfur in heavily insulated steel tanks. The sulfur was kept at a temperature of 265 degrees by special heating coils, and was said to be no more dangerous than any other cargo. On the night of February 3, a routine radio message from the tanker placed her off the Dry Tortugas due west of Key West, Florida. This was the last anyone heard from the vessel. When she was reported overdue on February 6, planes and Coast Guard cutters from Norfolk to Key West scoured the area. One plane spotted a yellow substance on the surface of the sea 240 miles southeast of Jacksonville, but it proved to be a patch of drifting seaweed. On' February 14, five days after the search was abandoned, a Navy plane flying over the Florida Straits sighted some debris, and a life jacket that was thought to have come from the Marine Sulphur Oueen. Nothing else was ever found. Assuming that something of this nature is occurring, why then is there seldom, if ever, any trace of debris after the ships or submarines or aircraft have been destroyed? The lesson of the Thresher is instructive. On April 10, 1963, the nuclear-powered United States submarine Thresher disappeared mysteriously off the New England coast while on a test dive. Her last, badly garbled radio message was thought to have contained the words test depth, the submarine's lowest diving limit. Every resource of the United States Navy was thrown into the search that followed. Sonar scanned the bottom for questionable bumps that might be the Thresher. Ships scanned the surface for oil slicks and debris, while their sensitive instruments listened around the clock for any unusual noises underwater. The Thresher and her complement of 129 men had simply vanished. Temporarily, there the matter rested. lt was another enigma for the record book, another unexplained mystery. Then, four months later, part of the mystery was solved with the use of a deep-water submersible, one of the few vessels capable of approaching the ocean's extreme depths. After repeated dives, the Navy bathyscaph Trieste found the remains of the Thresher in 8,400 feet of water. The 300 foot long submarine had imploded from water pressures of up to two tons per square inch. As a result, thousands of pieces of torn twisted metal littered the bottom as far as the bathyscaph's crew could see. According to Lieutenant Commander Donald J. Keach, the area looked like a vast junkyard. No one knows positively what caused the Thresher to sink, but the wreckage shows what can happen to a steel vessel 8,400 feet down. When a vessel the size of a steamer or a tanker goes down, many objects usually float free, and a telltale oil slick bubbles to the surface, sometimes for years, to mark the spot where the ship sank. Yet in the Bermuda Triangle such evidence has never appeared. Most puzzling of all, why have the ships, sailing in calm weather, and equiDDBd with adequate marine radios, failed to get off at least one distress call before catastrophe struck? On May 21, 1968, the nuclear powered United States submarine Scorpion, homeward bound from maneuvers in the Mediterranean, surfaced about midnight in the North Atlantic some 250 miles west of the Azores to send a routine radio message to her base at Norfolk, Virginia. After reporting her position, westward course, and estimated time of arrival, the Scorpion and her 99 man crew vanished. No one ever saw the submarine or her men again. When she failed to appear off the Virginia coast, the Navy issued an ominous bulletin: the Scorpion was two days overdue, repeated attempts to establish radio contact with her had been unsuccessful. A massive air and sea search was initiated, but finally, on June 5, the Scorpion and her crew were listed as presumed lost. For months no debris, no oil slick, no trace of the submarine was found. Then, on October 30, a Naval oceanographic research ship, the Mizar, towing a sensitive metal detector and deep-sea camera twenty-five feet above the bottom, found and photographed what was believed to be the shattered remains of the Scorpionfs hull four hundred miles southwest of the Azores at a depth of more than ten thousand feet. No one knows for certain what happened to the submarine, but wherever old seamen gather to talk, many blame its disappearance on the Deadly Bermuda Triangle, a term first popularized by Vincent Gaddis writing in Argosy magazine in 1964. he characteristics of the Triangle can a found in five other regions around ie world, all lying at approximately ie same distance above or below the juator. ne theory is that the Bermuda 'iangle is not a triangle but a zenge-shaped blob. Through locating her known areas of frequent ship id plane disappearances, it was scovered that there were six of these gions. All, in fact, lie between 30 id 40 degrees either above the juator or below the equator. The ea of the United States lBermuda 'ianglel, an area in the Mediterranean ea, and an area east of Japan all move the equator. The three that lie elow the equator are off the coasts I southern South America, Africa, id Australia, respectively. They did at turn out to be symetricg however, pattern does exist. In all six areas, ie water runs from warm into colder aters and eventually to subpolar and Jlar areas. The water flow of the Jrthern three lozenges is clockwise hile the southern three are iunterclockwise in motion. All of its zenges are 30 degrees of longitude width. owever, it appears that the Bermuda 'iangle stands out more than any of ie others, not just for its number i mysteries but because its mysteries e more bizarre and more earth iaking than any of those that have :curred in the other five zones. But ie only area that has received any tention besides the Bermuda riangle, is the area off the coast of ipan which, like the Bermuda riangle, is also referred to as the evil's Sea. number of theories have been roposed that try to explain the eason for the Bermuda Triangle. he official theory of the US Navy is lat the disturbance is caused by some irt of a magnetic disorder. The Navy as an official study called Project lagnet, to study the Bermuda riangle as well as other disturbance places in the world. As taught in high school physics, the compass does not point to the true north, but to the north. However, in the magnetic Bermuda Triangle and the Devil's Sea of Japan as well, this is not true. The compass points to the true north. This would explain getting lost, but not vanishing. Scientists working in this area believe that the variation of compass in this area causes a tremendous magnetic disturbance at certain times that disintegrates planes and ships both. The Canadian government in 1950 authorized a study of gravity and magnetism which is headed by Wilbert B. Smith, an electronics expert. Smith claims to have discovered regions of what he called reduced binding in the atmosphere with an instrument he devised. Smith also stated that these regions are found where there have been unexplainable airplane crashes. Smith described them as roughly circular, up to 1,000 feet in diameter and extending upward quite a distance. They appeared to be more common in the southern latitudes. We don't know if the regions for reduced binding move about or fade away, Smith wrote. Smith states, however, that some months later they were unable to detect the areas of reduced binding in the previous location. He believed that certain planes, because of their size or design, would not be affected by the area while others would disintegrate because of the turbulence. This theory appears to have the facts that there are these areas, but they do not seem to account for ships nor do they seem to be confined to any one of the six disturbance areas mentioned before. Another theory is that of atmospheric aberrations. This theory states that a plane or ship at a certain time would fall into aphenomenon that might be called a hole in the sky. This theory appears to have some good ideas in its context but as of now there are no facts to back it up. Since the earliest mishaps of the Bermuda Triangle, the mystery was blamed on UFO's. Smith writes, The most vociferous are the UFO buffs who have suggested that these 'vortices' are sort of holes in gravity, earth magnetism and perhaps other natural features are weaker or otherwise different from those elsewhere around the surface of our planet. They have then proceeded from this assumption to the speculation that extraterrestrial intelligencies may know of these anomalies and have picked these vortices through which to descend upon ut and collect specimens of us and our machines. This seems to be quite far out but one must keep in mind that anything is possible when trying to discover the cause of a supernatural phenomenon, Another theory is that of Dr. Manson Valentine who believes that the people who enter the Triangle enter another dimension and are never heard from again. This, he said, could be attributed to the magnetic theory or the atmosphere aberration theory or perhaps even the reduced binding theory. The last theory is that of Dr. Richard Winer, a top researcher on the Bermuda Triangle as well as writer of several articles and films on the Triangle. Dr. Winer said that upon observations, l've never seen anything out of the unusual, just a few water spouts and a few storms. The Bermuda Triangle is a real phenomenon. What it is and why it exists no one really knows for sure. But our researchers and scientists are hopeful that in the near future this bizarre and unexplainable mystery will be solved. As a reminder, before you venture out into the open waters that are enclosed by the Bermuda Triangle, think twice, for you too may become one of those thousands of people who have already left their untold story on the pages of mystery books all over the world. by Larry Lockhart Illustrations bv Steve Selpal insicsbt 'nt The most important and popular Western system of symbolic knowledge, the Tarot or fortune telling cards, is also one of the oldest. lt is said that experts have traced the system of forecasting the future down through Persia, Egypt, and thirteenth century Germany. The Tarot is assumed to have originated with gypsies, yet there are no legends to base this theory on. Because the system has remained relatively constant, it is hard to accept the theory that gypsies arbitrarily invented the fortune telling deck. According to Colin Wilson, author of The Occult, the chief problem is to establish a link between the conscious and subconscious mind, and the creator of the Tarot set out to do just that. However, this reasoning for the use of the Tarot is only a shadow of thought as to why people today shuffle their lives according to the Tarot deck. The element of chance and high spirited curiosity seem to, undoubtably, be what draws so many people to the cards. The most common type of Tarot reproduced today is a 42 card deck ancient French Tarot. The first 22 cards are not in suits and they are numbered in Latin and Arabic numerals. They represent some of the forces that control man's fate. Examples of .these cards are the Wheel of Fortune, Justice, Death, the Lovers, and Temperance. The rest of the cards are divided into four suits each containing an Ace, King, Queen, Knight, and Knave. TH E TA ROT Corresponding to the modern playing card suits are the Tarot suits Batons, Cups, Swords, and Coins. These have a card which represents the person having his or her fortune told, intervening people, new arrivals, losses, success and trouble. For the most part the Tarot is medieval and Western in conception and it perhaps would be more useful to the people who are perceiving their future through cards if they could capture the deep impact that the symbolic cards held to early Europeans. Wilson believes that the Tarot when grasped in this manner, with an output of effort to understand the inner reality of its symbols, can be seen as the exact Western equivalent of thel Ching -- a lunar knowledge system conveyed in terms of interrelated symbols. ln his exploration into the history of magic and occultism, Wilson discusses the Kabbalah lalso spelt Cabala and Oabalahl. He noted its importance lies in the fact that it is one of the oldest established systems of thought in the world. The Kabbalan is like the Tibetan and the Egyptian Books of the Dead in that it is a guide book for the soul in its path upward. lt can also be studied for its own sake, commented Wilson, because like the I Ching, it is a book of wisdom. He noted that some occultists believe the 22 Tarot cards to be representations of 22 paths of the soul. He concluded that the Tarot would essentially be a Kabbalistic document. Card reading, also known as Cartomancy, is also done with a regular deck of 52 playing cards by many who have found a reliable guide for each card. Thus making the circumstances in the future limited, yet satisfactory. Within one reading of the Tarot a person is made aware of the immediate future, the distant future and the indivadual's ultimate fate. Unlike the popular belief today that only certain people have the gift of perceiving the future, it is possible for any individual to develop mentally, physically, and spiritually to the degree necessary for active results with the Tarot. The role of the individual holds more importance than the deck of cards. As with the l Ching, consultation of the Tarot depends upon the assumption that the subconscious mind may have more to do with 'chance' events than appears on the surface, said Wilson. The Labyrinth The centre that I cannot find I have no reason to despair Because l am already there W H Auden II . ll ls known to my Unconscious Mindy by Lisa Papa ,,, the Utcine Are you one of the millions of people who read their horoscopes daily? Don't let those generalized forecasts which are printed in newspapers fool you. Astrology takes into consideration much more than an individual's sun sign. The basic character of a person is determined by the astrological sign the sun 'occupied at the time of his birth. But his rising sun and the signs which the moon and the other planets were in at his birth, all modify his basic nature and determine what type of emotional character and personality he will have. Sometimes the other planetary influences can be strong enough to overpower the sun sign's effects, making the individual seem nothing at all like the sign he is supposed to be. The strongest influence is the moon's. A person's emotions will tend to be will be like his moon sign. This especially true on days when the moon transits through his moon sign. For example, if a person's moon is in Leo, on days when the moon is in Leo he will probably feel friendly, romantic mention and extroverted lnot to somewhat egotisticall. ln addition, the sign the moon is in affects the trend for people in general on a given day. Example: When the moon moves through Libra, a balanced, easy-going atmosphere usually prevails. lt's just that the people with Libra moons are affected the most. The ascendant, the constellation rising on the horizon at the exact time of a person's birth, determines the image he presents to the world. While the sun sign is what motivates a person's ASTROLOGY actions, his ascendant influences the manner in which he acts. A Libra ascendant, for example, may tone down an Aries' personality, while a Leo ascendant would probably make a basically reserved Pisces more aggressive. The ascendant, also called the rising sign, sometimes determines a person's physical appearance as well. For instance, Aquarius rising would probably make a person tall and lanky, while Scorpio rising would tend to give a slight build. The sun, moon and ascendant are the most important factors in the natal chart, but the planets also govern certain personality aspects. Mercury governs sight, understanding and communication. Venus governs emotions, specifically in love matters. Mars rules force. strength, courage and energy. Jupiter is a good luck planet, which brings success in the areas governed by the sign it occupies in one's chart. Saturn governs practicality, stability, discipline and intellectual depth. Uranus rules intuition, imagination, democracy and social consciousness. Neptune governs inner perception, ESP and spirituality. Pluto is rarely taken into consideration by astrologers due to the fact that it was discovered a relatively short time ago and its influence has not yet been determined. The personality traits represented by the planet will tend to be asserted in a way typical of the sign it occupies in one's chart. The dominance of certain planets' signs and their blending together form one'5 personality. An astrologer takes the entire chart into account when casting a day-today forecast. He does this by seeing whether planets are aspected favorably or unfaborably in the chart, and then determines a daily trend by relating the chart to the current planetary positions. By doing this an astrologer can predict daily trends for anyone. lf all of this information sounds confusing but you'd like to learn more about casting charts, Write Your Own Horoscope by Joseph Goodavage lSl .25, paperbackl contains tables and simple instructions. The book also has explanations for planet-sign combina- tions. lf you're still skeptical of the whole idea of the planets deciding what people are like, then try it for fun. You may become a believer! by Stephanie Poe JM WM CWA-fzf, M,g Although all handwriting has similar characteristics, the penmanship of no two people is exactly alike. A man's signature is accepted as a standard of identification - a mark of that man's individuality. Yet many people scoff at the idea that an analysis of handwriting can reveal the basic character components of one person's nature. Handwriting analysis, or graphology, is considered a pseudo-science, and because the principles upon which it is based are theoretical and cannot be proven under exacting conditions, the label must remain. The only evidence to support graphology claims is the years through which its supporters have given it careful consideration, and the repeated instances of a correct correlation between the style of a person's script and his personality. While browsing through an antique shop in Dania, I came across an autograph book lcirce 18601 in which the similarity between the assorted samples of writing was striking. All of the entries were in a large, flowery script, with much use of flourishes and underscores. Such characteristics would indicate a romantic, sociable, yet superficial person - one who would practice the same conscious control of his behavior as he does of his handwriting. Thinking back to that time in the history of western civilization, which has been labeled the era of Romanticism, I could see the connection between the strict conformity to etiquette with its artificial mannerisms and the resultant carefully controlled script. Individuality was thwarted under the rules of behavior set by the aristocracy, and the sameness of all the script samples corresponded with the conformity of that society. Today, although there is a much greater variety in the attitudes and conducts of people, certain basic personality types land their graphological counterpartsl exist. After combining a particular type of penmanship with the added details which make up one person's handwriting, a definite analysis of that person's character traits can be formulated. Think of it this way: lf a person is of a methodical nature -- one who thinks carefully before acting and then acts slowly and cautiously - his handwriting will mirror this trait by its slow speed and carefully formed small or medium sized characters, generally written in a vertical slant. On the other hand, the person who is impulsive and enthusiastic, who tends to act before he thinks of the consequences, will write speedily in a large, careless script which slants to the right, the t-crossings will be dashed off to the right of the stem and the i-dots likewise. One person may at two different times display both types of script, depending on his present state of mind, but certain details in his writing will not change and cannot be disguised. His true nature can always be distinguished from a temporary change in mood. These two examples illustrate that the hand is only an extension of the brain, and that the same mind which reveals itself through gestures, facial expressions, and intonations of voice can also do so through the form of the written word. handwriting styles to Graphology seeks to relate personality types. One practical use of graphology can be applied at BCC concerning the determination of a student's suitability for his chosen field. If you compare your own writing with your special interests, you will discover whether or not your character is best suited to your present curriculum. Your proclivities should be detectable in one of the four main areas of study: business, science, the humanities, or the arts. Some characteristics in your script may overlap, but a general indication of your abilities will be apparent. lBe sure to check a variety of samples written at different times, preferably on unlined paper.l One of the most important attributes needed to become a successful businessman is a logical mind. The person who makes decisions by carefully considering all the possibilities of a given situation rather than by playing hunches will write in a forward slant with heavy pressure on the pen, and will connect all of the letters in his words. Unless he works alone, his job will require a certain amount of co-operativeness with fellow employees, and tact with his employers. The former trait is characterized by angular rather than round-topped rn's and n's, while the latter is indicated when the first letter of a word is larger than the other letters, and the a's and o's are closed at the top. The signature can be studied with regard to executive ability. lf it is written with a fast rhythm, heavy pressure, and a vertical or forward slant, and if the capitals are large and individually styled while the small letters are written in a small hand, that person is good executive material. Another businessman might be better suited for sales work, especially if he has an enthusiastic ,and persistent attitude. His enthusiasm will show through in his large, fast, forward slanting writing. His persistence will appear in the way his g's and y's end in a single downward stroke instead of a loop. If he has merchandizing sense, his capitals will be large and sweeping, his words never cramped together but well-spaced, and the entire pattern of his writing orderly and consistent. ln all of these areas, dependability is another important factor. This quality is detected in the straightness of the line of writing. If it wavers obliquely up and down, the writer cannot be counted upon in important matters, if each word is written No two people's handwriting is exactly alike. horizontally but on a different level, he is dishonest and should not be trusted with such matters. But if the line of writing looks as though it were drawn with a ruler, such a person can be depended upon in any situation. Anyone pursuing one of the sciences needs to possess, like the businessman, certain attributes which can contribute to his success. Two of the biggest requirements in any field of science are the ability to concentrate and an aptitude for details. These traits appear in a person's script as small, heavy-pressured, angular writing and well spaced lines of writing. In addition, the potential scientist will pen precise letter formations. These formations may resemble anything in legibility from typewriter print to hieroglyphics, but the rhythm of the writing will always be crisp and continuous. lf he possesses a good memory, he will cross all of his t's and dot all of his i's, and will carefully punctuate each sentence. However, if he is of the absent-minded variety, his rhythm won't be so smooth: he'll leave some t's and i's uncrossed and undotted, and he may even leave letters out of words. The person who is mathematically inclined will write a y like a 7, and a g like an 8. His numbers will be angular with little curve and no ornamentation. lf a particular field is actively involved in research or invention, the scientist of such qualifications will use original letter formations and connections, ranging from imaginative to eccentric. He may either write with easy legibility, or attempt to pace his hand with his thoughts, in which case the ends of words will dwindle into a wavy line. Because of the geat variety of subjects which together constitute the humanities, the styles of handwriting vary with each particular profession. For instance, someone with a talent for law will possess fluency of thought, evidenced by fast, angular, forward slanting script. His debating abilities will be detected in the consistent connection of letters, the occassional connection of words, and heavy pressure. He will also tend to cross his t's on an upward slant. The person with a potential for politics will reveal his ability for public speaking through his good spacing between words and lines, forward slant, and long upper loops lletters such as h and ll. His diplomacy will show up in the decreasin size of letters in his words, plain capitals, and closed a's ar. o's. lf his policies are liberal, the a's and o's may be opt at the top, the d's and t-Stems will be occasionally loop y the t's will be crossed high, some above the Stem, and tf V small letters will vary in size. If, on the other hand, he takuj a conservative stand, his style of writing will betfixed, wit no unusual letter formations. He will also tend to us incurves ibeginning strokesl on capital letters, even those su as H and K, which don't require any. The advocate of philosophy, the language scholar, and t history enthusiast may perform their work better when alo and away from the public eye. This trait would be indicat by small writing in a vertical or backhand slant. An indicatio of the altruistic nature necessary in counseling and socie services appears in the long horizontal ending strokes ' words, and an occasional upward slant in the line of writin The arts are also divided into several distinct categories, eac with its own style of penmanship. Writing aptitude is the mosi diversified, as are the writers' particular occupations. Whethe he be poet, journalist, or novelist, the more abstract th writer's style of writing, the more his script will depart from conventional form. This is true particularly of the poet whoi can write only when inspired . His letters will bel disconnected, his upper strokes long, and his t-crossings greatly! varying in length and placement. The less idealistic, earthier type of writer will use long lowerl loops, shaded downstrokes, and simple bold capitals. The' artist depends upon his signature as a trademark of his craft, and the originality and grace of his penned name will provide a miniature showcase of his talent. Generally, the signature of an abstract painter or sculptor will be more loosely organized, whereas that of the photographer or architect will mirror the same graphic quality. The person with dramatic abilities will have writing which is not necessarily rhythmical, but which has a distinctive quality in its natural shading, firm pressure, and simple letter formations, usually in a large hand. Musical talent will be expressed through a smooth rhythm in the writing, whether it be rounded or angular. lf the script also contains original letter formations, a talent for composing in indicated. Once again, the principles upon which graphology is based are not exact because no two people inor their styles of penmanshipl are alike. However, the similarities do exist, and I hope that through examining them you are able to determine your future success and discover your true potential. by Marky Kelly Qklng ovief with oberlg nq A if FF? Ollllllcr how to IUfVIV9 producing fontoxg l I Situated out in the back woods 0'i Davie stands the only remaining major motion picture studio ini Florida, and the man who owns itg is as unique as his property. He'sl Luke Moberly of Moberly Studios,q and with his talents he hopes toli make a name for both himself andi the small western town where he'sn located. Moberly owns a movie lot on which: stand two huge studios and a 4 is . M ilf photos and graphics by Kevin Deland restaurant, as well as the front for a western town. To complete the set, a natural river enhanced by underbrush and overgrowth flows quietly alongside the lot. This is where Moberly has filmed most of the scenes for his movies. He also rents out the lot to various companies for filming and making commercials. On his production table now is a movie that was three months in the shooting. This will mark the completion of three full length motion pictures for Moberly. The movie is an entertaining commentary on the social side of religion. Its hero is an evangelist who travels the country with a rock group, an old school bus and an ancient bi-plane in tow. For the most part, the movie was shot :in the lot or on Dania Beach. lt is a low budget picture, scheduled for release sometime this summer, To help keep the budget down, Moberly Jsed every facet of his ability on the set of That Good oi' Time Religion as it was called during shooting. lThe official title will be named by the iistributonl Moberly cast the movie, acted, directed, supplied the props, Nrote the screenplay, and occasionally 'an the camera. He could be :ompared to a one man band. You would expect to see Moberly in a rodeo rather than on a movie set, we has the square set jaw of a determined cowboy ready to break a fvild stallion. He projects an energetic mage, perhaps it is this energy which ceeps his studio alive when so many Jthers have shut their doors, or sold Jut to television. -ike so many other moviemakers, llloberly would like to turn out a vinning motion picture someday. But lnlike quite a few of the others, llloberly is not sitting around waiting for the world to nail a gold star on 1is door: he's constantly trying to 'each others. Right now he's finalizing and Jerfecting an idea to help out his ncome while he's waiting for his vinning film to happen. His plan is rrz.-.rw-n-H-m-n11-K.-.--,... ,........- Y, to make 60 and 90 minute films using video cassette equipment, These films will be sold to distributors around the country who have the projectors and sound systems available to them. They will then be rented out to the general public for various occasions and festivities. Moberly and his crews will be in a state of constant production, turning out several films at once. Since the films will be in stereo, concerts and other forms of live entertainment can be brought to the screen in full glory. The audiences which Moberly plans to appeal to are large groups such as conventions, reunions, receptions, etc., who need entertainment of some sort. These pick out a film of a groups can concert, or an orchestra, filmed live, and show it on a huge screen complete with stereo sound. For atmosphere, could be hired for the an emcee evening to announce the performers and make the show seem more realistic. The idea of constant production heightens the spectrum of sales, with the dealers having more to work with, therefore bringing in more money for filming and more profits for the moviemaker. While all this sounds like another get-richquicku plan, if Moberly says that he's going to try it, you can almost bet that he will. He's that type of man: a die-hard optimist. There has also been some talk about collaborating with Russell Green, the filmmaking instructor here at BCC, for teaching technical principles of moviemaking, such as lighting and camera operation, to Green's students, An apprenticeship program may be included, making the course more feasible for the students since they would have an outlet for practical application with profit. Another one of his aspirations is to make his movie-stud io restaurant into the first stereo movie theatre, showing, of course, his own films. This way he hopes to reach out to the community to which he belongs, and make them a part of his activities. by Jan Harrelson PAITITD 4 v .,. - '3 -. ,' v ' ,fs .v? ' - fr.-1'1.,. 1 -' 'W ' - ' iii-4-, '. - ' .'.'5ii' ' - 'ffnf ' ' ffm, 3 - rv 'z' .::,. :Wi im, ,,. T, -1-,gm,,1, , 4 1441.-'-' , W4 . ,mf -f . -'wha 5 .1 , ' J 1 ' 4 'ff' .- ,. -,fi 1. 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YY W ' 5' .M .H Ag ,M f if wx 1- H- woksgpaf, ,yu 'Wx .1 Va i: , , , , ,ff . ,aclf -,ff ' fl ' ai 4gCJf'1?f :f1i1 1 fQH.L5Lf.' 1V f-Sf ' -H 2 1 1 :pil f ' MEN A . H ' -J Ta.--.. F2 - -' 1' VJ . ' ,a .- . , f V- .. u -N - Avg-551 a'S':1ff'sf- 1 A A 59.2, ., fx? f ,. - 4 -1' ,.,:1,av, y . - . 1: ' - ' 4 'mg 'X-' -7 44 ', ., . ,L .gg -gf -. -, ' '7 4-f i W -'Af fl 'W-vu 1 4 - . ' ' i i ljg ' 'M I 4- 1, , ,K 1- 0 : The art and drama of pantomime could referred to as the ideal body language, as it is iust that: a perfect form of pure body communication. It is this non-verbal factor which makes pantomime so unique. The history of pantomime is rather nebulous. No doubt it originated with prehistoric man, who used his body and facial expressions to describe his day and its events to his mate. Various forms of pantomime have appeared throughout history in all parts of the world. Oriental performers, for example, are taught a basic set of hand movements which are hundreds, of years old. These hand movements are representative of objects or ideas and are incorporated into dances which resemble pantomime as we know it, set to music.. The dances are not rhythmicglly oriented, rather, they center on a theme or idea which the performer 'tries to communicate to his audience using his body movements. A , a if Nf f 5 LL -Vif '1 f':'fQ'i,'7-Qi..fffritf 4' 5, f wi - 'H , ,. i V 'fi11ymQ..:3lv 53951, - . - .gf,m,,5.,,, ,N , wiQ'f,'f,fjf'i'f , N N . - Qwgijfilllh- Q1 A N W .. ., .. X, nx- .,. s t 'L .1 SQA.. X i X- qs . ' Vg . A., , fp , r QJQ ,. ' 225, , f f I f 4 X , , 72' 'f Xa 1 121' ' ,, ' l,ga4 ,, 74, , f 5: ' ff 1 f 'aj 4 tw l A k Q 4 , ,I V .. fi,-,f,,,,,z4W, 5 1 :inf-my A'W,..DL.:,.2ai ,...., ' ,L V ' aw .. ' , Hip ff ,i f. . r 44' f . 149: C Q . ,zz AY' 2 W A 1 :A 1-G NA' az 1 f f .1 W 5 ff' tf F' 'lm , .Q X- 1. . ,V,l. photos by Kevin Bedford The theatre is dark and there is the usual hum of muted voices before the show. Then, as if they all knew the exact moment, the lights flicker and a shiver goes up your spine. lt's time. The curtain parts and there are six people in the dim light, propped on tall black stools. One holds a guitar, he starts strumming quietly and soon his voice follows. He begins the story of the American lndian and, one by one, the six people on the stage become the parts they play. Using their voices and your imagination, they create life in 'T 'TT iii , ' ,fi X KMXX . ' 'llfi -.ll ., ii,,.iU,, ft lvl' vii Y X i i ' QQ., , Q' a script the same way an ordinary theatre does with props, costumes, and lighting. It's called Readers Theatre. lf it's done well, it can be as good as your own imaginationp and if that's any good at au, me feel of the lndian's desperation will touch your soul. Mrs. Julie Wood, of the speech department, has been practicing this type of theatre with six of her disciples. The cast of the show performed during Term ll included Ed Blanchette, Janet Pierce, Sam Becker, Ralph Bucci, and Kathy Bardsley, with Mrs. Wood as director. . H-.. 4 - r ' -, .. l l l l I i i l l 'C Y 561 us ,Q , ,, for G0 The warring for coder as over. The presentation by the BCC Drama Club on February 'I3-17 was a successful one. Godot is a morality play with theatrical life and humor, a parable of complete disillusionment, an agonistic jest. Its characters, who are without capitalized names, are clowns whose grotesque gestures convey a universal despair. lt asks, What is life? Complaining not of suffering or injustice, it demands only to know their purpose. As for scenic interpretation, there can be little. A desolate plain and a stunted tree can only suggest an empty universe devoid of meaning. This tragicomedy which opens in an amphitheatre, represents a human condition prevalent in all mankind, a search for meaning. The play is full of wit and surprises. However, its prolonged mourning is tedious. The cast was remarkably effective in bringing out the desperate amusement of existence. Louis Dudich as Vladimir was exceptional. Louis is a drama major at BCC. He has appeared in Wizard of Oz, Our Town, A Thurber Carnival, and has worked with the Pavilion Players of Fort Lauderdale. Vladimir, the comedian, was the stronger of the parts. Legs wide apart, he staggered around the stage. He very effectively recreated the prose poetry of Beckett. Estragon, the supporting actor, was the clown and patsy. As Estragon, Bob lVlascaro's performances of tantrums and affection were moving. Casting Bob as Estragon was astonishing, as well as clever. Bob is student who has Hollywood Players, Fort Lauderdale Players, and on our campus stage in A Thurber Carnival. Ben Baccaro, in ruddy make-up, played the rich Pozzo with appropriate brutality and frankness. Ben, a winter resident, is from New Jersey where he worked with several New Jersey Little Theatre Groups, Ocean Community College and Red Oak Music Theatre. A correct treatment of the part of a former BCC performed with Lucky was given by Linda Beiter. Linda very suitably clowned with aching dignity and delivered her consolations of philosophy in a strangulated manner. Linda is also a BCC Drama Major. This was her first appearance on the Campus Theatre. While a student at Stranahan High School, Linda performed in Happy Journey in Europe as a member of the International Drama Exchange Tour Group. Gretchen Martz, another BCC drama major, performed a small, but important part in the play as the Boy. Gretchen is a member of the BCC Pantomime Repertory Company, understudying the role of Hither and working props for the Children's Theatre production of the Magic ls Me. The production was a credituto Nlr. Rose, its director, and everyone else concerned. For those who left the theatre puzzled, there are various interpretations to this play. One interpretation given by Richard A very integral part of the theatre, and often one which is not lauded to any great degree, make-up is as much of an art as the drama that takes place on stage. Fortunately for BCC, Mildred Mullikin of the drama department is experienced and talented as a face artist. At righ t,Miss Mullikin readies Linda Reiter for her part as Lucky in Waiting for Godot. Much patience and a steady hand add up to a very effective finished product, far right. , . ff 1 A 4 - Lf Y 'let'-L7-N A ,. xv. 5-J? ww XX ,f Y' Y , f 5 X. xw'mi ix I I Every Tuesday and Thursday morning the cast and crew stumbled into the theatre at 7:30 a.m. to assemble the sets and to apply make-up for the 9 a.m. show of The Magic ls Me, an original children's play by David Novak. There were three shows a day, for seven weeks. The set, designed by Mildred Mullikin and Ted Geiger and constructed by the stagecraft classes, was made mostly of scaffolding and box units. The units weren't disguised by paint or flats, letting the children use their imaginations as to where characters were as they traveled through the Book of Magic. The music was written and arranged by George Kovach and Al Genduso. The lyrics were written by Novak, Genduso and Kovach. The shift crew was a fascinating change from the quiet switch of scenes that usually takes place in the dark. This shift crew danced out in dim blue light and danced to the music while changing the scene. The children loved seeing this and usually it triggered clapping and sometimes shouts of hurry and fasten Even a campus wide power failure did not cancel the show. Backstage it was dark and candles were lit. But the show must go on and it did. Two shows, in fact, without any electricity. And they came out well. The kids enjoyed them almost the same as if special effects were being used. The flashpots, which blew off smoke and made a bang when the wizard entered and exits, were hooked up to a battery and still worked. The tapes were said aloud backstage. The cast even kidnapped a teacher for a line. Much of the show was loose on lines and many were improvised and kept if they worked out. Hither and Yon, guides in the play, used pantomime improvisations in the beginning by asking the audience to tell them what the stick was. It took a couple of examples for the children to catch on. But they soon were popping up with things and Hither and Yon would act them out. lt's a banana, shouted one. And Yon peeled the stick, took a bite and offered it to Hither. David Novak, the author, is a senior at Nova High School and is 17 years old. He wrote for some of Nova's television shows and also for Channel 9 cable TV. He began writing The Magic is Me last summer. He also played the lead, Fallin Downy. Other cast members included Laurie Dissette as Meanderin, Melody Wicht as Cremora, Patricia Noel and Gar Hogan as Hither and Yon, Ted Geiger as the Clown, and Caroline Pactor as Fled Lady. Louis Dudich, Dana Jacobs and Ann Denison were the mechanics, Pam Mara, Donna Goldstein, Stephanie Rudakiewicz, and Paul Barker were the robots. Phyllis Ullivarri was the Dramatic Director. The Magic ls Me was the first original drama produced by BCC. Over 8000 Broward County school children were bussed to the campus to see it. Many of the youngsters wrote letters of appreciation to the cast for introducing them to the magic of the theatre. Text by Pam Mara' Photos by Kevin Deland Y, ..,e,,r..-- .H+ .... ...Y 1.,!5,:-..f IHIKEQZ mVFM3l3iiiCC HIS I o-,-,:t::f:2--3 I I ' . l..'..- ' 0' ,W L .4 , . '. W' .f o'5::::::::::3 llllllilll 5 wa, 6 'x gk? 4 f sz ' A U :NV K . - I 4 ' je X .QFV qw Di' VA FQ is E 6, ,, 19 5. M11 I nfs' i S G , g. 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' PW 4' K . 4 - V i , . .- V 4 g - ., - W I 4, - -5 -'ilinnv wwf: 'J' ' M- -.. , . - 'L wif ' A r . - Y- Wu- fha' ,.,,:,,... ' 'M s ..-. I .v ' .,.,Ji-ov 'I' I , . A fn-uno ' ,, ' - A' ' Ai. 4 ' ' ' V ' AI fr' -4 t 'af' tgilu l --I' -n A Q 4 !4 95 '3 gA1. Surfing. You won't find the word defined in Webster's dictionary, but chances are you know what it means. If you're lucky enough you will know also, from firsthand experience, the pleasure derived from the sport. Being a water sport, surfing is well-suited to the south Florida area, with its tropical climate and long coastline. Because of such favorable conditions, the number of surfers is growing each week it seems. Overcrowding is the obvious result, but with understanding and consideration there will always be enough waves for everyone! Last winter was a good one for the local surfer, with seemingly constant cold fronts driving in swells from the north. It seems strange that the worst weather causes the best waves. As it is, 40-60 degree air temperatures are not uncommon when the best northeast swells are pumping in, so either a wet suit or 140 pounds of blubber are mandatory equipment! This point was driven home last some friends and l to Dania Pier in the hours. Cloudy 45 January when decided to go early morning degree weather and 20 knots offshore winds made us think twice but those Text and photos by Kevin Bedford six foot crystalline beauties looked mighty fine to us. So, we decided to give them a try, and that, my friends, was a big mistake. After 20 minutes, our bare faces were frozen and all conversation sounded like a slow motion soundtrack. Next time, l'll just take photos. Fortunately, though, that is an extreme example. Generally good winter surf temperatures are closer to the 60-70 degree mark. The summer offers beautiful temperatures and sunshine, but usually fewer waves as the Atlantic stands calm. An occasional hurricane can - 1 o Q- 35-- 1 naw - 525555 235353 r-O g1 '2S'2f 2,3ff5 .S DJD,Q-1-im DJ C Qc-5371: mmogm' -1gyC33,., os O3- -wr'nO'c-5,12 W- 3' 3 -, O QWFSQO -1.-+fD433 f-+1 5-D CD 3'-qgwn ' -01 LTO Sm Cm,DIuaE Q3-,O,-. -:E lm 'EQWQFS C1O.,4..,, 2,,:1'f23'Q, mOfD.CD-1 ..-r ' Surfing is a very for most people, quite unlike any much determine personal experience an individual sport other. Each person what he wants to derive from it. There may be long periods of idle waiting, but those beautiful days when wave and surfer are in total harmony make it all vvorthvvhile. 'lo-i l . Ac' .RYA vc 6: is if-.Q 1 EET? 9 My P' 'f . I V if N .1,g.,.s5 Q ' wxixjbiif f m,.w,'f v at 'f' are-Q. - ww! 'J-Mv: ,Z' ,1 V, Q fa 5252, fi M-. , . lv., ,M W A ' . 11' I X 4 I 1' l,-5. E, 1, im. 4,7 .1 .flu ' R ,J S . :W , . fl r 1'- V .,- '13, s HIF I f' 'fGgfsL:VQNf I 1 A 3 .vi iv? .4'.'2,, ff Y 5 135 is jg, ! J 9 0 ' 6 .-, A , - 1-f,y.i,'5'Fg T ,fy ' 'J A Vai? lf, g 'lfffnf 5 :1?7A ,. gzgg.. . - .fn V L'w'..'f3:.:?:..- ' IH.. f, li? I 'e O. L I X I S 4 4 tlgfr :': 9, o , . v 4 Qi ,A ,V M Left: Crucifixion by Eugene Desiatog Mixed Media. Top.' Car Exercise by Eric Adolphsong Acrylic. Right: Making a Big SpIash by Tess McCarthy: Silkscreen. Color photos by Kevin Deland ETS, ,,: .if'il .5'-Q'-iw' 'P ff P4 avi . ' x v 12153-ssffgi f fqsg if fi? AJ f .f -,T-Q' +5 ? f 9' 5-. 'S 1-9 ?: .1iQ' ' .-Elfffiif 3? l iars . f 25,3-I W -swqi'-, 4 i ' -fi? ' f f . x . Y W V e if-1 ' 4 s,,. . i . , if i.. wig - 135 i. 'rt 1 qf Z. v, .. y'L,,j,fg , L 'G Q ..5 v-.Lf-Q'-. ,'.'-fvfU m. :bgFi53a:E F1 :f? '5iy1i.- ' MK ' -'D :ii'f',f4'Q , X? ' :iw-., ,XE N ' wi Ai? 5 Rfllrfiii, . ' -9' 1' ,f iiiifigefiifi- f. i, X- ff. a f 'fx N 'A Q5 E g W .. Q ' Q, -, '--- ,' , 'ff- -A 14-f ,U . E. , 'lla . X bmi V-mag, Kwik.. A, , rg K, -h R , 'H iff wiififf' ALE: Qggwggi N 'g 13 ,fkgllgvf wjy. , ww. 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L - a , if A' ' l - 1' 1 - - - 1 wif Lift .., V . y S e 'TN i A i yu- ,QW A .. ' i l 1 ' uf 4 if - i .f' Y 5 li ' ' V, -51 5 5 -' a i . ,, A YP 2 J 1 ii X ii I . i .i.',w. ' I J, Top Left: The American Indian by Kevin Delandp Acrylic. Top Rfgmf 'Untitled by Joanne Hallg Weaving. Left: Checkerboard Square by Valerie Russo: Acrylic. .if .., p Patr ck ii fav. , -if .-w. 5,1- 1 f .. 1 1, A q . 4 1 1 , iv, J. ef if f f -wa . ,,. . N I' - V q -1. K 51 , '- , ' 4 ' '-'-. ' .. 71 X its fl x .AW . v 1, . , , , ,. ' .4 I4 ' i ik , . un- 'Uv .: 1 ' nz. ...- -- N,-,I-It L -'1 Q., S , if xxx' J ' f I .QN fs? :ZS G Z g' Z 5'f 7 Q-X +315 f 2599 A s r !,na or sale beds, li ps, and skulls The largest mod emporium in the world. That's what Bob LaTaille, owner of two Fort Lauderdale Of Birds'N'Beds waterbed and import stores, plans on developing in the next few years. And he hopes to involve area people in the project. l'm interested in anybody bringing something in done in an artistic way that would appeal to young people - that will sell. I will be glad to help out even to adding a special department, says Bob. Steve Selpal, a BCC art student, designed a pillow in the shape of a pair of lips and Bob displayed 25 of the lip cushions for sale in both the 1467 state Road 7 Birds'N'Beds store and the downtown 13 Wall Street store. Steve then worked with Bob on other projects, including a design which was silk-screened on velvet to be used as a wall hanging. Bob LaTaille has set Bob Richmond, 25, up in business for himself, with the Artique company. Richmond, who studied carpentry for two years, makes waterbed frames sold at both Bards'N'Beds stores. His frames range from S25 to the super deluxe S3000 frame featuring remote control 4-track stereo and color TV. You don't have to be a carpenter to get your artwork andfor ideas used in the Birds'N'Beds stores. As of the writing of this article, there were no Tashirts featured in either store, and as any art student knows, it's a snap lwell, almosti to silk-screen the customer's desired design on a T-shirt. But don't stop there. Almost any of your ideas can be realized if you have talent and a capability for hard work. There are usually five to ten teenagers and young adults working in Bob's two stores, but as Bob puts it, I can't say I have kids working for me -- they are working with me. Bob's 16-year-old son Jay manages the downtown Fort Lauderdale store which is close to Burdine's and across from Sterling's. Another unique Birds'N'Beds feature is the nightly 9:00 Happening in the downtown store. The production is free, and as Bob says, The ideas are infinite. From flying hawks to blue wvirling mistsg quadrophonic sound effects from thunder to the lightest whisper of music. The production also includes a completely unique light show. Completely unique also describes the experience that is Bob LaTaiIle's State Road 84 store. As this interview was conducted, a Kurtz burgular alarm representative was trying to fix the store alarm. The phone rang incessantly. Jay LaTaille and Dick and Chris Shghrue whizzed in and out of the store carrying huge rolls of waterbed pads. A customer opened the door, only to set off the burgular alarm, which screamed like an air raid siren. Jay bolted to reassure the startled customer. Later on, Bob served jasmine tea to customers and interviewer. He dimmed the lights and gave an impromptu light show, training the strobe light on the dayglo posters. Dayglo art is an important part of the of BardS'N'eeds stare Road 84 store. The blacklight area features, as well as posters, hanging plaque-type demonic sculptures in pentagram shapes, painted in red and blue Dayglo. There are also skull-and-crossbones sculptures, the ideal present for your favorite satanist, along with some of the Venom of Toad and Gall of Goat incense. There are sculptures by Bob LaTaille. lf you like to paint in dayglo, or have created your own satanic art, maybe this is the department for you. Another innovation found at Of Birds'N'Beds, this one at the 13 Wall Street store, is the waterbed sofa. lt's a small size waterbed in a frame with a foam backing. The downtown store, like the parent store on 84, features ornamental bedspreads and beanbag chairs. There's also Coke and Snow snuff for the connoisseur. The 13 wan street of eirds'N'Beds store was set up by Jay LaTaille, Dick and Chris Shgrue, and Dean Widling. The floor is completely covered with about 2 of white sand. A long shelf almost the length of the store holds black light bulbs, strobes, fishnets, nuts sold in packages, and East Indian posters. There is a kingsize waterbed with a tapestry spread over it on the left side. J' M--'in WW N it The Wall Street store is open days, Monday from 12'8, Tuesday through Saturday 10-9, and 12-6 on Sunday. Sunday's like a sci-fi movie where a monster has cleaned the whole town out -- completely dead, says Bob Richmond. Come in Sunday and get great service. The store is just a couple of blocks from Kelmannson's and the Salvation Army second-hand store. , Text by Jams Mara Photos by Kevin Deland -A 9 J I QO- 1. '59 I E DECADE lt all started almost ten years before with Nlario Savio and the Free Speech Movement in Berkeley. The year was 1964, and University of California school officials had placed a ban on political activity. Several thousand students went on strike, and it was the beginning of a whole new way of doing things. About the same time, a man named Bob Dylan wandered into New York City and Subterranean Homesick Blues became a number one single. With Dylan came Joan Baez and the campus unrest of the sixties. ln 1969 it was Berkeley again, this time involved in the fight for People's Park and the Tliird World Strike, halting school activity. More than half a million demonstrated against the war in Washington that November and then there was the Conspiracy Trial in Chicago. A year later, the tragedy at Kent State struck a heavy blow to the anti-war movement, but somehow the resistance endured. During Miami Beach's Convention summer last year, city fathers envisioned no less than 150,000 hard-core crazies running naked through nearby Flamingo Park, mugging senior citizens and doing a bit more than just florinating the water. As it turned out, less than 10,000 demonstrators arrived, mostly high school and junior college students who decided to cash in on the free medical facilities, sandwiches and prime time national television. Police spent most of their time flexing muscles and looking sternly at the battery of long-haired photographers, who had landed jobs as stringers for the E DAY Associated Press, United Press International and the Village Voice. Activity in Flamingo Park was more social than political, mostly it wasjust a good place to get high while waiting for something exciting to happen. When the War was escalated in December, anti-war sentiments heightened and the movement became more serious. A newsletter put out by the National Peace Action Coalition summed up the feeling in the air. Time and time again, the us. Government has sought to buy time to continue its policies by maneuvers designed to both quiet opposition to the war here in the U.S. and to extract concessions from the Vietnamese fighters for self-determination. Hence, there have been bombing halts, secret talks, and negotiations. To each of these substitutes for genuine U.S. withdrawal from Vietnam, the anti-war movement has responded with the demand that the U.S. get out now. And then it all came to an end a month later. When 100,000 Vietnam Veterans, lVlother's For Peace, students and independent supporters rallied against the War during President Nixon's inauguration in Washington, little did they realize that they were to become the closing chapter to the end of an era. The fighting and United States intervention which had lasted for more than a decade died its slow death and along with it went a great American social gesture: the March Against the War. I i 'ks 4 10.6. Action in the nation's Capitol on January 20 was quite peaceable. While demonstrators assembled, marched and burned flags near the Washington Monument, police watched patiently in the distance. Confrontation seemed like only a matter of time, but somehow it never came. Less than a mile away, President Nixon took the oath of office and kicked off the lnaugural parade down Pennsylvania Avenue. Hot dogs seemed popular that day, and street sales more than doubled. Pop corn and little buttons that read, Our President-Richard Nl. Nixon, did OK too. Later that afternoon, the sun faded in the distance and temperatures dropped into the thirties. In front of the White House, the stands thinned out and local traffic seemed a bit heavy. Near the monument, things slowed down too, and finding a warm spot for a hot cup of coffee ranked high on the list of current political objectives. A group of hitchhikers started thumbing down l-95 south and a driver with Florida tags looked the other vvay. Soon things were dark and quiet. lt all happened so quickly for a war that lasted almost l3 years. text and photos by Dave Patrick EUROPE Oll Il TIIUIIIB Ml 144' K. nl ' JU' gif- .., ' V- - .E- 'I . ' l 1 R .. ,- A - - H . l - ..- Q.. . 'I g w A f .v 'QQ il V. Vlany students are handicapped by the belief that it takes ample money to travel, especially abroad. Having been in Jver thirty-five countries, I have found that there are many Nays a student can travel economically and enjoy himself. Dlanning is very essential. Plan months ahead. lt will be more 'ewarding than just leaving spontaneously. Don't hold yourself Jack because you don't speak the language of the country ivhere you are going. ln most countries I have traveled, I have Found that I can communicate by speaking English, and the anguage of gestures and motions. To also conquer the anguage barrier, there are some exchange students on the :ampus with whom you may be able to travel. l always suggest traveling in pairs of male and female. They always seem to have an advantage. Two females traveling abroad will have many difficulties. Two males traveling together won't get very far, and it is dangerous for a female to travel alone. Sefore you depart, you will be bombarded with numerous suggestions from travel agencies and acquaintances that have been to foreign countries. I suggest you listen to your acquaintances. You should stay away from travel agencies. They will usually try to talk you into going on a group tour. Some agency tours can be economical, but they usually confine you to a package tour. They will group you with people with whom you have nothing in common. Nlost tours are sanitized for your protection, and will lack a true perspective of the land and customs in which you are traveling. lVlost student tours organized in schools lack excitement, as they are very closely chaperoned. The tours that let you visit five countries in one week will be economical, but will leave you lacking in assimilation with the people and customs because of the minute exposure you are given. You will not even be aware of the currency exchange, since you will only be spending American dollars. At the end of your tour you will not have had a vactionq instead, you will be fatigued from having constantly been herded and agitated. Previous to going abroad, you should familiarize yourselfwith the country lor countriesl where you are going, and should know what to expect. Eugene Fodor prints yearly, up-todate books on different countries of the world. They are the best sources of information I have read. They contain the background 'of the country, city plans, regional maps, illustrations, plus information concerning places to lodge, places to dine, and places to see. Most other books on travel that I have read, especially the SIU a Day travel series, have suggestions that are obsolete. A passport is a necessity when leaving and re-entering the country. At a cost of S25., they are easy to apply for, and are good for five years. Prior to leaving the country, you will need to be vaccinated by the County Board of Health. By writing to the consulate of the country lor countriesl of your destination, you will be provided with a tourist visa. You will also be supplied with additional information regarding their country. When all this has been achieved, you are ready to start packing. As an essential preparation, find out about what weather you will encounter. Pack only the bare necessities into a backpack. Get the best you can buy. Remember, it must be comfortable since you will be carrying it a long time. Luggage is too bulky, and is always a disadvantage lpaying tips to luggage carriers at airports, hotels, etc.l. Two changes of clothes are usually sufficient to take. A sleeping bag can be strapped to your backpack. lt will prove to be a comfort when you want to sleep under the stars on a beautiful night. It will also save money for lodging. Buy a sleeping bag that is waterproof. Take a good camera along. Wear boots and rugged clothing. Regular shoes and clothing will not hold up to the abuse they will take. l always dress in denim jeans and jacket, and wear rugged Army combat boots. I carry in my pack two extra T-shirts, two undershorts, three pairs of socks, a dress shirt and pants, and an extra pair of shoes. A toothbrush, a small first aid kit, and some foreign language dictionaries are also included. I also have a few major credit cards in case I need them lusually, if you have credit cards, the police won't label you a vagrant.l I carry a Spanish drinking pouch lcanteens are too heavyl and my camera with extra film, By taking along my guitar, I found l was able to supplement my cash by playing in parks and cafes. ln making your plans, you need to consider the economical aspects of travel. As you know, the two ways of reaching Europe are by ship and airplane. If you would like to save on the fare and have more money to spend at your destination, try to get a job working your way across if your are going by ship. Oceanliners are always in need of kitchen help, porters, waitresses, or entertainers. You should be able r to make some sort of arrangement. I worked my way aroun, the Mediterranean once, by working on an oil tanker. I tol them I had previous experience in loading cargo. Also, ca ships will hire you to work your way, and if not, they ha cheaper rates for passengers that will go as cargo. Air travel rates can be obtained at half price if you travel on stand by. If you are under tvventy-two, you can travel at half price by using a youth card. If you are over twenty-tvvo, borrow a youth card from a friend. Airlines that fly cargo will charge very cheap rates for passengers that go as cargo. Icelandic Airways leaves New York City in propeller planes that fly mail and cargo to Iceland, and then shuttle to Paris. Round trip fare is only S88, bu the trip lasts a lot longer. If you want to fly for free las I always dol, try airport hitchhiking. Proceed to the nearest international airport and look for the private plane area. It's where the smaller planes without airline markings take off and land. Ask the mechanic for the schedule, and see when the next plane is going to your destination. Be polite and specify that you are a student interested in the country you are going to. I usually tell them that I'm going there to do historical research. Some of the private planes are owned by corporations, but most are owned by private individuals. Once, I found that Carol Baker was taking a private flight to Europe. I waited around until I saw her, and then personally asked her for a ride. I told her that I was short of money, but that I would play my guitar for her the whole trip if she so desired. She found this amusing, and before I realized what was happening, I was in a plane on my way to Europe drinking coffee with Miss Baker. At any given time of the year, you will find other youths from all different countries traveling throughout Europe. Once in Europe, you can hitchhike anywhere you want - it's not against the law. I do not recommend renting a car. It is expensive and gas prices range from fifty-five to eighty cents a gallon. Sew an American flag to your pack and jacket, so motorists will see you are an American. They will usually pick you up and ask you questions about America, while at the same time they inform you about their country. The largest gathering of rambling youths in Europe is in the city of Amsterdam, in the Netherlands. The city is attractive because it has over fifty canals spanned by 500 bridges. The art works of Rembrandt are in Amsterdam at the famous Rembrandt House. At the Municipal Museum is the largest collection in the world of Van Gogh's works. The citizens of Amsterdam are kind and friendly to the youths, as they have always been to all foreigners since the persecution of the I-luguenots in 1685. Amsterdam is one of the few cities in Europe where the ramblers are allowed to sleep in the parks. Many of the travelers, though, prefer to stay in the youth hostels which originated in England, are found throughout most of Europe. They are large, hangar-like buildings with heating and bathroom facilities. These facilities are very mudy appreciated because in Europe it's very hard to find publif restrooms. I l jl l i l While in Europe, stay away from American hotels, restaurants, etc. They are all known for charging American prices. If you cannot find a hostel, stay at an Inn. They are very rustic, economical, and offer all the living necessities. If you visit England, you will find that you will be able to assimilate with the citizens better because you speak their language. You will see that many Britons share the same problems and concerns that Americans have. When you arrive in London, don't wmte your time looking for the London Bridgeg they have moved it to Arizona. You will enjoy riding on the open top of a Transport double decker bus. You will undoubtedly give yourself away as a tourist every time you jump out of your seat to see an attraction. You will probably occupy yourself with the countless sights throughout London, many of them dating back many centuries. I recommend you view the Changing of the Guard at Buckingham Palace. This has long been a tourist attraction. Going west from London, you can take a ride on the Thames River to the town of Oxford, where the University stands. Heading north from Oxford to Stratford-on-Avon, you will be able to visit Shakespear's birthplace. Further north you will encounter more of the castles of old. The largest conglomeration of these castles is near the border of Scotland. The British countryside has retained an Eighteenth Century atmosphere to go along with these castles. England is a land I believe you will enjoy. On the continent of Europe, one of the most fascinating cities I found was Paris Its beauty can be marveled at from a breathtaking view atop the Eiffel Tower to the back streets of Montmartre, the traditional haunt of artists. Parisians are very friendly people who take a lot of pride in their city. Proof of this is found when one rides their subway system, The Metro, which is devoid of dirt and graffitti. Its modern structure contrasts with the old section of the city. While in Paris, I met a struggling French artist who was sketching in the Jardin De Luxembourg park. As I was playing my guitar, she was trying to draw a sketch of me. When she finished, she showed me the sketch she had drawn, and we shared her lunch together. With motions, gestures, and help from an English-French dictionary, we began a very good friendship. She showed me around Paris, and that night we dined at a small outdoor cafe on the Left Bank. From there we could see a miniature model of the Statue of Liberty on an island in the Seine River. The designer of the original statue had built this replica there. After dinner she accompanied me to a youth hostel. Upon arriving there, we found they were full. Being quite late, my friend took me to her abode and insisted I stay. Her name was Joan. She was 28, and lived in one half of an attic in a tenement flat. To reach it, you had to climb a three story wooden staircase on the outside of the building. Upon entering the dwelling, I first noticed the canvases and oil paints strewn about. Pushed into a corner of the room was a pot belly stove that served for cooking and heating. The ceiling was at a slant. Clothes hung on nails on the wall. Not being able to communicate by language did not impair our relationship. Her expressions were in her paintings: my expressions were shown by playing the guitar, to which she accompanied on her harpsichord. She was the greatest symbol of the beauty and friendliness of Paris in my three week stay. Traveling to Germany from Paris, the scenery became very picturesque. In Paris I had bought a train trip ticket for S46 that would allow me to travel anywhere on the continent for a month. lt was a very good investment. Germany is the land of the Black Forest and the Bavarian Alps. The city of Munich is in Bavaria, the southern region of Germany. When visiting Munich, the- attraction to see is the Town Hall Clock with its chimes and dancing figures that perform at 11 a.m. every day. The city is the largest cultural arts center in Germany, with its museums and art galleries. Most of these places are free to visit, but the few that charge admission will admit you at a students' price. To climax your visit to Munich, climb to the head of the Statue of Bavaria, symbol of the land and the people, for a spectacular view of the city. Using the train ticket, I traveled to southern France via Switzerland. The train chugged and snaked through the mountains of Switzerland, stopping briefly at Zurich, Bern, and Geneva to change cars and to board on passengers. I could have stayed longer at any of those cities, but I had not planned to see them. There was another brief stop at the French border for a custom's inspection. My final train stop was Marseille, a fishing port in southern France. It is the melting pot of the Mediterranean. There were Greeks, Corsicans, Italians, Spaniards, and Arabs all crowded in the market place, where l heard over half a dozen languages. Venturing out of Marseille, I hitched a ride with a British girl who had attended the Cannes film festival. She drove a Porshe that took me to Barcelona. While crossing the Pyrenees from France to Spain, we ran into the small country of Andorra. It is easy to miss, since the country is only 175 square miles in area. It is a very isolated country where snow closes the only road leading into France for almost six months out of the year. Its population of 11,000 speak both French and Spanish. When I arrived in Barcelona, since I am able to speak Spanish, I was able to assimilate with the Spaniards. The city of Barcelona, with its two million people, overlooks the Mediterranean Sea. It has an amusement park and a zoo by the sea where Snow Ball is, the only albino bear in captivity. Barcelona is a very active city, especially at night I stayed at an Inn where I was charged S425 a day for a room and three large meals. Every night l would go to the cafe in the basement of the Inn and watch the flamenco dancers while sharing a bottle of Sangria wine with a Spanish girl. The cheapest and best food in Europe is found in Spain. If you like sea food, Barcelona is the city to visit. l have never tasted better stuffed clams or lobsters anywhere else in the world. The water purity throughout Spain is not what you are used to, so you will have to develop a taste for the Spanish red wine they call Sangria. Leaving Barcelona, I wanted to see the Rock of Gibralter. I got rides through Spain's Costa del Sol by all means available: cars, buses, hay wagons, and cattle trucks. Traveling on the roads of Spain, I met Spanish youths who are known travel around the country the bullring at some fair or natiorfal hero, and for many as maletillas . These youths looking for a chance to enter carnival. A great matador is a a peasant boy born in poverty, bullfighting is the only way to fame and fortune. As you travel south towards Valencia and Granada, you begin to see the culture of the Moors. It has been in southern Spain for over 500 years, and is most noticeable in the Arabic structure of the buildings. Arriving at Gibralter I took a ferry the twenty miles across the straight to Tangiers, Morocco in northern Africa. Leaving at dawn, I was able to see the sun silhoueting the Flock of Gibralter. When I reached Tangiers, I was impressed at the sudden change in customs. Arab women wore veils, and all the houses were painted a drab white, matching the color of the clothes the Arabs wore. The central area of the town is a large bazaar where the most common profession is the black market. Pickpockets are like a rash in Tangier, especially if they notice you are American, so hang on to your belongings. While in Morocco, you will be startled at seeing the availability of large quantities of marijuana and hashish. Try to retain your sanity when you hear you can buy a kilo for 335. It will undoubtedly be of the best herbs you have ever smoked. In your haste to bring it back home to turn your friends on to it, you may forget the penalties for smuggling in a foreign country. My advice is to smoke the whole kilo there, don't try to take any with you. First of all, the Arab who sold you the hemp is a double agent. The police pay him another S35 for every person they catch trying to smuggle cannabis out of the country. Possession of, and use of cannabis is legal in Morocco, but smuggling of cannabis is illegal. If you are caught smuggling, you will serve five to ten years in a filthy prison. Their smuggling penalties are harsh. Leaving Tangier, I traveled by camel to Ceuta, a distance of twenty miles. The ferry was then only half price for the trip back to Gibralter. Arriving in Spain, and traveling north through Seville and Cordoba toward Madrid, the Moorish influence becomes very predominant. The castles of old flourish here - the largest one being the Alcazar. In this region, grapes and olives grow from the red earth of Spain. Madrid is the capital of Spain. It is a city of three million people, where the baroque buildings blend with the modern skyscrapers. Don't be afraid when you see the Guardia Civil lpolicel carrying machine guns. If you are not breaking the law, you have nothing to worry about. They are friendly, and if you are lost, they will courteously walk you to your destination. The city of Madrid has the lowest crime rate in the world. You are saft to walk alone at any time of the day or night, an experience you will not find in large American cities. At first you will not adjust to the hours the Madrilenos keep. Their work day begins at 9:00 a.m. with a stop for lunch and a siesta at 1:30 p.m. Then they go back to work at 4:00 p.m. until 7:30 p.m. The Madrilenos have a tremendous supper at 10:00 p.m. and usually retire at 1:30 a.m. You will be able to travel economically about the city in their subway system. It costs only five cents to ride. There are many things to see in Madrid. Among them, the Prado, being one of the largest museums in Europe, and the University, being the finest in the country. The University has been completely rebuilt since 1939. There, one of the bloodiest battles of their civil war was fought. The bullring of Madrid, with 26,000 seats, is open on Sunday afternoons until sundown. Admission is as low as one dollar. This is the same place Ernest Hemingway visited and wrote so much about. There you will view the most dangerous sport in the world. Before you shop in Madrid, browse around in the fascinating Rastro, the flea market of Madrid. It has a sprawling collection of everything imaginable. There, I was able to buy a pair of knee-high leather boots for only 312, and a handmade Spanish guitar of fine quality for 335. When I finally left Madrid, I decided to return home. Iwent to the airport to try to get a free ride to the United States, but it was to no avail. After four days of staying at the airport, I succumbed to buying a ticket on stand by to fly back to New York City. Arriving at Kennedy airport, I was put through the usual search and grilling that the customs inspectors give to all males with long hair. The first calendar I noticed there made me realize that having left with only S300, I had been gone four months. by Antonio De La Cova hi-Noslu W CAF- Tooling ?ov' Sillus ig .f As the old saying goes, When you buy a used car, you're buying someone else's problems. Of course, this is not always the case but before buying a used car, many things should be considered. The first consideration should be cost, knowing how much you can afford to spend and trying to concentrate on cars in that price range. Everyone would like the newest model and latest gadgets, but performance rather than looks should be your primary concern. Thoroughly inspecting and testing a used car, using precautious steps which themselves have been fully tested, is really the best method to use, or possibly the only method to use when you want full value for your money. Most car dealers accept the reasonable fact that their customers will want the privilege of testing a used car before buying it. If the dealer is honest about the condition of his merchansise, he will allow you to inspect any of his automobiles to a full degree, that is, if you know the correct procedure used for testing a second-hand vehicle. Naturally, you will already have decided upon the kind of car you want to purchase before you are,of legal driving age, or before you have accumulated the amount of money needed for the down payment. Upon coming to such an early decision, you will have time for window shopping. Scout all the used-car dealers in the area in which you expect to do your real shopping. While you are shopping, remember the cars in each lot, and be able to recall which ones remain there for a long period of time. Particularly observe those cars which have come back to the lot after a brief absence. Do not become the next disconsolate owner of a lemon. When shopping for your car, be determined and firm about the entire test and inspection of all automobiles which you are seriously considering. However, do not waste your time and also become intolerable to the salesman by giving the full treatment to an entire lot of cars when you know you are only interested in a few specific models. lt is perfectly all right to take a companion along with you who is genuinely mechanically inclined, excluding those who merely talk like a pro. Car salesmen may possibly have objections to your giving a complete and thorough inspection to a car. A salesman may feel that you are not really serious about purchasing a car, and any companion who fools around or observes each car with stupid, absurd jokes will strengthen this belief. Another reason may be that the car won't hold up under close inspection. lf the dealer discourages a close inspection, although he is convinced that you are in earnest, it would be better if you viewed another car, preferably on a totally different lot. Look the car over and scrutinize the body for any noticeable marks. ew dents will not signify a great deal. A fender or door of an obviously different shade or color, or a long crease that has been touched up indicate that the car has been badly damaged. THE Engiuli US In T53- Rena on 'rms mode' sir, Be observant of the top and sides of the car in order to find reflections and highlights, they are easier to find in daylight. lf, on the surface, you have distinguished repainted areas or bubbled spots, attempt to estimate how massive an area is affected. tese highlights, reflections and overly bubbled areas might be clues that the car has been badly damaged. Therefore, it could be riding on a sprung chassis or on one that is out of line. Look for another car. Cars with wheels out of line and a sprung chassis often burn up tires and are occasionally difficult to control. Let your fingers run across the fenders, doors, chrome parts, and other lower edges. There may be extensive body rot in the car if bubbled surfaces and rust spots or flaking paint are noticeable. The body rot will not be visible to the eye. The rust spots and the rest of the car's bad characteristics are only indications. To find out whether or not door and window handles are securely in place and if they operate smoothly, manipulate them freely. A bent frame may be distinguished if the door sags when open, and has to be slammed shut before it will close. Since the mileage figure on the odometer can be turned back, never take the figure too earnestly. Alhough J i there are som-e signsethat advise you whether or not the odometer figure reads lower than it should, there is not any positive way of knowing the precise mileage of an automobile. Seat covers, floor mats, pedals and armrests which are badly worn indicate much items mean use. Also, if any of the mentioned are new, it could they were replaced because of wear. Florida has explicit laws forbidding the turning back of odometers, and an offender faces punishment rangeing from a fine up to a prison term. Testing the brakes is also an important part of your inspection. Maintain pressure on the brake pedal while pressing down on it for thirty to forty seconds. If the pedal sinks steadily to the floor, there is leakage in the hyd rau I ic brake system. If the car has a clutch, press it down with your fingertips. For about one inch before engaging, it should go down freely. lf it does not go down freely, this is an indication that the clutch has been raised to give as much service as possible before it folds up completely. With a light finger grip, test the steering wheel. Some free play before the front wheels turn is allowed. However, more than two inches of play is too much. While the engine is running there should be no play in the steering wheel of a car which is equipped with power steering. After getting this far in the inspection, if you are still interested in the car, get ready to look under the hood. To test the starter, get the salesman to disconnect the starter motor at the distributor cap. For five or six times operate it briefly. Teeth may be worn or missing on the starter flywheel if it grinds or clanks. While keeping the hood open, hook up the distributor again and start the engine. By listening to the motor, an untrained ear may not be able to detect all flawsg however, the noise would be a giveaway if there is a damaged cylinder. Water or oil seeping through the head and other connections, or the fan chewing the radiator are other obvious flaws. Test all powered accessories necessary for protection and legal driving while the engine is running, such as lights, horn, turn signals, and windshield wipers. Sit in the driver's seat and check all dashboard instruments. Check the light or clicker to let you know if the signals are working properly. Have someone race the engine while you look at what comes out of the tail pipe. Heavy blue or black smoke means worn internal parts and this usually can run into big money for repairs. A new set of tires adds to the overall cost of the car, so if the tires are worn smooth, consider this point. This also means that the car has travelled a minimum of 20,000 miles. Squat in approximately the same position that you would to change a flat tire beside one front wheel. Push and pull at the tire, holding it firmly at the top with both hands. lf it gives easily or makes metallic noises this could indicate worn wheel bearings or suspension parts, which are quite expensive to repair. lf you are satisfied with the automobile up to this point, ask the salesman for a road test. Start looking for another car in a different lot if the dealer gives you a negative answer. Provided, naturally, that you have a valid driver's license, ask the salesman to let you do the test driving. However, if he insists upon driving himself, make sure he operates all the controls. Listen for sounds of faulty operation in the brakes, suspension, engine and transmission. Make sure the dealer tries the reverse gear for you. Try accelerating from 10 to 45 m.p.h., and watch for increases in speed without engine hesitation or bucking. The car should shift smoothly if the transmission is automatic. A warning of future trouble is the indication of an engine that races itself between automatic shifts. Test the brakes, each time braking harder than the last. The brake shoes are either worn or the fluid is low or leaking, if the brake pedal goes all the way to the floorboard. Listening for squeaks and rattles, find a rough, curving road. Each noise may indicate that something needs tightening or adjusting if it is not already beyond the adjusting point. lThe general body condition of the car gets worse with more noises.l lf the front end wobbles considerably after striking a bump and if the steering is jerky over a rough road, expensive front-end repair work may be needed to correct these faults. Open the hood to note whether or not there is any evidence of grease or other packing in the head or cylinder block after you road test the car. Next, clear all odors from your head by breathing deeply, and sniff for signs of seeping oil or gasoline while sitting in the front seat of the car. Ask the dealer if the purchase of the car is conditional upon it passing a vehicle inspection. Some states, such as Florida, require this. If the salesman says yes , have that condition included in your contract. A shrewd buyer who is looking for a new car may apply some tactics in bargaining for a used car. For instance, time of purchase. The last few days of the month are the best time to buy. The dealer may be more inclined to cut the price a little if he has already done enough business to cover his expenses for that month. The winter months are usually a good time to buy, preferably if a spell of foul weather comes along. The dealer has more time and more of a desire to help you select a car because few cars are sold at such periods. Buying from a reputable dealer is the best insurance against getting a lemon even though his price may exceed that of some prices advertised by other agencies offering specials . Once you have attempted to buy a car on special at the low advertised prices, you may find that it is rather rash to believe everything advertised. Although on the whole these points may seem many and varied, if they are followed closely, you should never get stuck with a bomb , Finally, unless you, yourself, are wholeheartedly sold on it, do not ever let yourself be talked into buying a car. You are the one who is going to foot the bills for gas and maintenance. Foot those bills for a car of your own choice. by Vincent Occhiogrosso Illustrations by Mark Sherman EDUCHTICJD. fl0T PROPHGHTl0l'l Birth control is the subject of many questions: moral, social, religious, medical, and economicalg yet, consider these statistics. There are over 450,000 unwanted children born in the U.S. every year. Each year, 300,000 children are born out of wedlock. Only half of the children put up for adoption are taken in ' 1 There are at least 10,000 cases-of battered children reported yearly. One fourth of these children die. To alleviate the problems which create these grim statistics, we must understand and apply the facts of birth control. Properly executed application of population control could put an end to the consequences of sex without protection -- adoption and abortion. Unfortunately, misinformation about birth control seems to reach as many people as the correct facts do. ln a 1965 study among married American women, by Princeton University, over 59 per cent were shown to be uninformed or badly misinformed about sex and birth control. Today, the statistics are not available, yet from all indications, the figures are probably not much lower. Setting the facts straight will mean getting on the right track and also laying a foundation for practical use of the knowledge. To begin with, it is a fairly safe bet to assume that most men BTV' fertile most of the time, however, there are exceptions to this conclusion, as there are to most of the other facts about sex. On the other hand, most women are fertile only 3 to 5 days out of every month. Since all women are different though, there can be no set standards to follow in determining their fertile days. General rule of thumb is to count 13 days after the first day of a woman's menstruation cycle, and figure that ovulation lthe releasing of the eggl will occur anywhere from the 13th to the 16th day. The woman's egg will live for 24 hours and anytime during those 24 hours she can become pregnant. The sperm lives anywhere from 24 to 72 hours, so there is an overlap of 2 to 3 days, making a total of 5, during which a woman can become pregnant, fertilization does not have to take place on the day of ovulation in order for pregnancy to occur. To prevent pregnancy for whatever reason, the only 100 per cent absolutely effective method is abstinence. No sex, no chance of getting pregnant. There are seven other methods which vary in effectiveness, convenience and cost. Two of these methods require no pills or gadgets to worry about and involve no cost. They are rhythm and withdrawal. Rhythm Rhythm works on the basis of abstinence from sex on the woman's fertile days. For this to be effective, a record should be kept for one year of the woman's menstrual cycle, in order to determine when sex should be avoided. Since body temperature changes slightly, a thermometer can be used to supplement the method, but is not necessary. The advantages of this method are that there is no cost, because there are no materials needed except for a calendar and possibly a thermometer. No drugs are involved. There is no interruption of relations to arrange for proper protection and there are no side effects from any contraceptive materials. The disadvantages are that a written record must be kept for at least a year of the woman's periods, intercourse must be completely avoided for approximately one week each month, and finally, it is not a very reliable method since menstruation and ovulation can both be hindered or triggered at the slightest stimulation such as physical stress, illness, or excitement. The failure rate is from 24 to 35 per hundred. lThis failure rate is based on the number of likely pregnancies among 100 women using the method for one year.l Withdrawal Withdrawal, or coitus interruptus, is one of two methods which place the responsibility of birth control on the male. lt also takes a great deal of control and reflex to be effective. lt works on the principle of preventing any sperm spilling into the woman by withdrawing the penis before ejaculation. Its advantages are that there are no drugs or devices needed: therefore the cost is zero. The disadvantages are that failure could occur without warning, as there is the possibility of sperm being released before the male's climaxp frustration may occur because the woman may be left unsatisfied: and worry that withdrawal will not take place in time could distract from fulfillment. The failure rate is from 18 to 35 per hundred. The other five methods require either some type of drug or device and possibly a visit to the doctor. The Pill Probably the most widely used and certainly the most effective is the birth control pill. Pills are taken by the woman for 20 or 21 days. Then for a week no pills are taken, during which time she has her period. After a week, the pills are taken again, and the cycle begins again. The method works by producing a chemical reaction in the woman's body that imitates what takes place during pregnancy. No egg is produced, so the body is fooled into infertility. The advantages of this method are that it is almost 100 per cent effective l.3 of one per centl, it starts working as soon as the first pill is taken and keeps on working as long as the pills are continued. There is no interruption of sex relations, a woman's period is regulated to a tight schedule, and since the pills are taken every day, there is less chance of being tempted to put off the bother of birth control just this once, which is- a problem with some of the other methods. The disadvantages of this method are the cost lwhich is minimal, from 31.75 to 32.50 a monthlg a doctor's prescription is necessary, having to take the pill even when intercourse does not take place, having to use an additional method for the balance of the month if one or more pills are forgotten, and trouble remembering to take the pill. There have been some minor health problems, such as, weight gain and nausea reported by women using the pill, however, the number of women who experience these problems is so small compared to the number of women on the pill that it shouldn't keep anyone from considering the birth control pill as a permanent method. Some serious health problems-blood clots and possibly cancer' are now being linked to the pill. Studies are underway to determine whether or not the pills' dangers have been fully recognized. Thirteen years ago the pill was first marketed and long-term effects are only now being noticed. Therefore, the possiblity of blood clots and even cancer must be mentioned along with the disadvantages of this method. The IUD The intrauterine device, or IUD is the next most effective method after the pill. lUDs are small, soft plastic devices which are inserted into the uterus lwombl of the female by a doctor. They get their nicknames of loops and coils from their shapes, which prevent pregnancy. The way in which this method works is a puzzle, no one seems to know the answer. Speculations have been offered by some, but nothing definite has been established. Nothing, except for the effectiveness. fContfnued on page 601 obortion Aslde from the fact that there are blazing arguments for and against abortion the fact remains that they are now legal and are being performed in Broward County There are numerous private physicians performing abortions to find out which ones do contact the Broward County Medical Association Three agencies Catholic Services Jewish Home Society and the Childrens Home Society provide counseling for anyone considering abortion free of charge Abortion referral services include the Broward County Health Department the Welfare Departments Division of Family Services Henderson Clinic and the Crisis lntervention Center These places provide names of hospitals and clinics where abortions are performed In the Ft Lauderdale area there are three places where abortions are performed by a private physician They are Broward General Medical Center West Broward Hospital lalso West Broward Clinicl and Plantation General Hospital In Hollywood Doctors Hospital and the Memorial Hospital of Hollywood perform abortions The Ladies Center in Dade County offers abortions There are other places in each area which will do the operation however not all of them could be contacted andlor confirmed To find out if a particular hospital or doctor will perform the operation either call the place in question or the Medical Association all of the places cited e qualifications and procedures for an abortion were nearly always the same No abortions would be performed on anyone under 18 without parental consent married women must have the consent of their husbands and there would be n abortions performed after 12 weeks of pregnancy counting three weeks from the first day of the woman's last normal menstruation period Counseling is available both before and after the operation The entire procedure usually only requires 24 hours if there are no complications The fee is around S150 to S200 The fee includes the counseling the lab tests the medication the hospital bill and the operation itself Special services are available for those who cannot afford the abortion A word of caution must be interiected at this point Since the abortion operation has become legal in the state of Florida many of the so called back door abortions have been eliminated Many unfortunately have no These abortions are usually performed under unsanitary conditions by unqualified quacks The money saved by going this route to an abortion is not worth it when the chances of losing your life are so great lf you are suspicious of a doctor or an agency do not hesitate to inform the Medical Association they can confirm the certification of any doctor or agency in a matter of minutes New York abortions are rather expensive In the long run and no better than one which could be done in Florida The cost starts at S125 not Including transportation red tape and time and goes up from there If you are considering an abortion elsewhere in the States make sure you know all the facts about the laws and be prepared for all expenses Abortion comes with no guarantee It IS a delicate operation and once done cannot be reversed Also it is not without risk as it can result in permanent sterility New methods procedures and drugs are under experimentation now However until abortion is perfected there will be a risk involved whether great or small will be determined by pregnancy factors Abortion is a situation which should be carefully reasoned out realizing the risks and results , . . n 1 Q I l . - I . . 1 . 1 1 I . . . I I ' . . I ' I , . I . . . . in n . 1 - 1 1 i . . . t . 1 n n I 4 T I I ' I I I ' I , . 1 ' I 1 I I . I . . , . 1 1 1 1 , . 1 1 1 1 In , Th - 1 . - , 1 1 1 , . , 1 The advantages of the IUD are that once it is fitted by a physician the woman is totally unaware of its presence: it can be left in place for years with seemingly no harm: there is no need for interrupted sex relations or other precautionary measures, after the initial doctor's fee and the cost of the lUD itself, there is no additional expense. Disadvantages include a heavy If you are pregnant, and do not wish a doubt, and if she has reached this to have an abortion, yet don't want decision on her own, so that there is to keep the baby, adoption might be no question about it. the logical answer to the Sltuauon' All of the proceedings are confidential, , , and in most courts in Florida, no Orlce you halve declded to gwe up the parental involvement is mandatory cmd' the mst Stop Would, be,tf3,9o even in the instances where the natural to the Welfare Departments Division mother is a juvenile' of Family Services, where they can recommend av agency to Counsel you Once the baby is surrendered, the for the duranon of your pregnancy' adoption agency involved becomes the and help You 90 fhfough ,the Court the guardian of the child, and proceeds proceedings until the termination of to immediately find a home for the your responsibility. baby' No papers terminating the parental Religion, race, intelligence and rights are signed before the baby is economic status of the child's natural born, giving you a chance to be parents are taken into account when completely sure that adoption is what a home is considered for the child. you want to do with the child. Once the baby is born, proceedings will When the child has been adopted, begin to take place at once. there is no way for the new parents to find out who the natural There is the question of seeing the parents of the child areg nor is there baby in the hospital. This is totally any information given to the natural up to the natural motherg she will not parents as to the whereabouts or be forced to see the child, but she may identity of the child's new home. if she so desires. The hospital bill will be taken care of for the mother in There are grey marketn' of adoption most cases. which should be avoided since they usually spell trouble. They do not Documents are completed for the follow the procedures described above, surrender of rights which are instead they by-pass the agencies, the Submitted The Fafnilv Court, formerly red tape, and even in some cases, the the Juvenile Court, where they set 3 Court, Many pegple have been hurt, hearing date for the case. The mother and quite a good sum of money has d0eS 'TOT heve I0 be DfeSeflI 81 The been lost in this underground system. hearing, but may be asked to appear privately before the judge. A new If yoo lor anyone you know, are ODUOU N35 been added I0 the law considering adoption, call the Welfare which states that there must be some Department' Division of Family attempt made T0 Contact The Natural Services, which licenses the three valid father of the child about the adoption agencies in Broward County. They are proceedings, but there is no legality as the Children's Home Society, the of now for the father to sign surrender Family Division of Catholic Services, papers. When the case is heard before and the Jewish Family Services, the judge, he will once again ask the Additional information pertaining to mother if she is sure that this is what adoption can be obtained from any she wants to do beyond a shadow of one of these places. menstrual flow during the first month month insertion of the IUD, which only occurs that one time, some women expell the device involuntarily, and are unable to retain it due to muscle contractions: the IUD can slip down out of place and thus become ineffective without the woman knowing it-but she can and should check once a week to see that it is in place. The physician who fits the IUD can explain how and what the woman should feel for to check the position of the coil or loop. Cramps and backaches, particularly among women who have not had children, are problems which are encountered during the first few days after the IUD has been inserted, but they usually disappear after the first week or so. Some women might find it necessary to find another method, however, if the pains persist. Cost might prove to be an obstacle to some since insertion is a delicate procedure and the doctor's fee will not be small. Failure rate is 2 to 5 per hundred. The Diaphragm The diaphragm, or cervical cap, is used with a special contraceptive cream or jelly, and has been found to be quite effective for over 80 years. It is shaped like a shallow bowl, and is made out of soft flexible rubber. A small amount of the cream or jelly is put inside the bowl, and some is smeared around the rim. then the diaphragm is folded together and placed into the vagina where it fits over the cervix, and prevents any sperm from entering the womb. The jelly or cream acts as an added protection, it becomes a chemical barrier which kills the sperm. The advantages of the diaphragm is that sex relations need not be interferred with since the diaphragm can be positioned -up to six hours before intercourse takes place. lt should be left in six hours after intercourse. Another advantage is that there is a minimal cost involved, which is the initial cost of the device itself. A doctor's fee will be involved, however, since the diaphragm must be fitted to each woman. The diaphragm will last for about two years or longer if taken care of. There is no loss of sexual sensation with the diaphragm: neither the male nor the female can feel it. The disadvantages include insertion, which some women might find objectionable. There are little plastic 'T l 3 I 3 L. inserters which are designed to ease and insure proper fit, obtainable through a physician. A doctor's prescription is necessary, and since the woman must be fitted with a diaphragm, it may prove embarrassing for some. New diaphragms must be obtained and fitted when size changes occur. This is especially necessary after childbirth. Another objection to the method is that it must be used whenever intercourse takes place, and if sex is not anticipated, this means an interruption of relations to insert the device. The failure rate is 10 to 12 per hundred. The Condom The condom, or rubber , is the only birth control method which offers protection from venereal disease. ln fact, this was the purpose for condoms in the beginning, but it soon became a popular method of preventing pregnancy and is now sold primarily for that purpose. The condom is a rubber sheath which fits over the penis and keeps the sperm from getting into the woman's vagina. This method puts the responsibility of birth control on the male, which may or may not be objectionable, depending on point of view. Advantages are that it is convenient, since the condom can be purchased in any drugstore, inexpensive l'l0 to 75 cents eachl, and it is handy as a supplementary method when a woman forgets to take a pill, or just after childbirth when awoman cannot take the pill, or be fitted with IUD or diaphragm. lt is also the answer to birth control when the woman does not wish to be responsible for whatever reason. Having to interrupt the sex act in order to put the condom on properly is one disadvantage. Withdrawal must take place soon after ejaculation, or the condom will loosen and slip off, and some fliud may escape into the woman. Breakage sometimes occurs, especially if the condom is old, and the latex has become dried outg there are government checks, however, on quality, so that this is not a habitual problem. Some men report a dulling of sensation also. The failure rate is from 15 to 20 per hundredg this figure decreases to 10 to 15 if use of a contraceptive jelly or foam is employed along with it. Spermicides Contraceptive foams, jellies and creams are not rated too effective if used by themselvesg they are, though, better than no protection at all. These spermicides are inserted into the vagina in measured amounts with a special plastic applicator, and act to kill sperm and provide a chemical barrier to keep sperm from entering the cervix. lt should be noted that these are not the same creams and jellies which are used with the diaphragm. The jellies and creams which come with the diaphragm should not be used by themselves. These products can be obtained without a prescription, and they can be purchased in most drugstores. There is no physicians fee, and the cost of the products themselves average out to about 10 to 15 cents per application. Some people find this method advantageous because the spermicides are mildly lubricating. There is no fitting to be done, nor any special training needed to use the products. Complete directions for use come with each product. The disadvantages include interrupted sex relations, since application of the cream or whatever must take place right before intercourse. Application must be repeated if intercourse is repeated. The applicator must be kept clean, and must be washed with soap and water after each use. lVlinor irritation of the vagina has been reported by some women using this method. The failure rate, if the creams and jellies and foams are not used with any other method, is between 2 and 25 per hundred. Ineffective Methods There are several methods of ineffective birth control. Douching is one of them. The douche should not be used solely as a reliable method because the products sold to douche with are not spermicides and are not intended for use as a birth control method. Feminine hygine products are another ineffective method. Some women are deceived into thinking that these products will prevent pregnancy, due to advertising which hints at birth control. This is false, as these products do nothing to prevent pregnancy whatsoever. Misinformation has been the cause of many pregnancies, and old wives tales and folklore are responsible for a great deal of ineffective and sometimes dangerous methods. Douching with coke is absolutely not effective, and can be dangerous due to the chemicals in the coke. Vinegar and salt-water solutions are also very dangerous, and should not be considered by anyone as a method of birth control. Using sandwich wrap in place of a condom is a foolish and risky idea. It should not be considered for birth control, or as a method to prevent venereal disease. A popular myth is that if a woman is breast feeding an infant, she cannot get pregnant. This is not true. There is an imbalance of hormones after childbirth, but this does not necessarily mean that pregnancy could not occur during this time. There is no truth to the belief that if a woman holds back and does not experience orgasm, she cannot get pregnant. There is no practical basis for this belief. Since information about sex is available to anyone who wants it, whether married or unmarried, we feel that information about birth control should go along with it. More facts are available through the Health Department, which will also take care of those who cannot afford birth control. There is DO right method of birth control. This is a matter of individual preference, depending upon moral, religious, and economic point of view. lt boils down to whatever is right for you, one that you will use every time to prevent pregnancy. Responsibility for sex and its consequences should be the important consideration. by Jan Harrelson Sill-ACIUAIIZED WUNIEN Want to cut your earnings 33,458 a year? lt's easy. Be a woman. A woman with a Ph.D. has the job opportunities of a man with a high school diploma. A woman holding the same job as a man will be paid less. Women are last hired, first fired, women perform the hard jobs, the ugly jobs, the lower echelon service jobs. Daily technology is helping to bridge the physical boundaries between people. But the psychological barriers are not diminishing. One of the oldest, deepest, and most unfair of these barriers is sex. Typical male characteristics are said to be strength, aggressiveness, toughness, dominance, typical female traits are passivity, lack of practical sense, weakness, sweetness. According to the stereotypes, a woman exists to do a man's cooking, cleaning, and childbearing while he follows his chosen career. But what if you're a woman, and you want to be a lawyer? Or a doctor? Or you just don't want to get married? What happens to the man who wants to be a hairdresser? Or the man who would like to devote some of his life to raising a child? We all know what happens. The individual who steps outside the sexual rules - rules which govern our actions every day - reaps ridicule and discouragement, and is often simply not allowed to pursue herfhis inappropriate goals. The following article deals with two interviews of two very different women, one a BCC employee, the other a BCC student. Being female may be a job handicap, but despite this, Mrs. Louise Buck, world traveler, president and founder of the Fort Lauderdale Toastmistress Club, editor of the school newsletter, and secretary to the Dean of Students, has not allowed it to keep her from reaching her goals. You can always get ahead in yourjob if you have experience and you try hard. Experience and travel are a great education, perhaps as sufficient to your success as having a college degree. Louise Buck studied business courses in high school, and although she didn't attend any other schools or universities, her education did not stop there. My education was my trip around the world, she says. Mrs. Buck was able to live in China four months and she feels that of all the places I visited, it was the Orient that I liked most. If I ever make another trip, I would like to go back to the Orient. She has also crossed the United States a total of 43 times. After her world trip, Mrs. Buck was married, and went to work for a rabbi in a temple in New York City for three years. You know, the Jewish people place a high value on education. When I told the rabbi of my high school business courses and my world trip, he hired me right away. Her next job was at Perey Turnstiles Company, a worldwide business which furnishes turnstiles for subways, buses, supermarkets, and racetracks, to name a few. How did she get the job? They needed a temporary secretary, and I ended up staying for twenty years! After this job, she moved to California with her husband and eight-year-old daughter. There she worked full time as Secretary to the Vice President at the College of Marin in Kentfield, UN CAMPUS California. In the afternoon, she worked part time keeping attendance records on 3,000 San Quentin prisoners who were being taught by Marin College professors. Marin College had a program much like the one at BCC, in which the teachers visit the prisoners in jail and teach a variety of courses. The teachers went to San Quentin and brought the records back to the College for me to keep. I remember one teacher would send bread from the baking course. A smile sunburst across her face. It tasted awful. After leaving the college, I was employed as a part time secretary to the rector of St. John's Episcopal Church in Ross, California. Iwas also social secretary to a resident of Ross in the afternoons. She was also president of the International Businesswomen's Club and the national Toastmistress Club in California. During the entire California period, Mrs. Buck worked two nights a week as a volunteer nurses' aide at the Ross Hospital. I have continued this work here in Florida at Broward General Medical Center, and I received a pin for 25 years of service in 1971. How did she hold three demanding jobs over the years, plus raise a daughter and still have time to eat and sleep? I work on a very strict schedule. My husband is very co-operative. While we were both working, we would co-operate on chores. I have friends whose husbands work all day and come home and say, 'Why should I do any housework?' After all, the woman is working all day, too! Louise Buck was only in Florida temporarily when she heard that a 1 iii: P TJ Q 3, gg 11:4 ' G' i f. I 3 r W T ,eff if .. 1 . it 'Wi ,N S. college was to be formed in Broward County and that employees were needed. When she applied, she doubted she would get the job, because, You see, I had just come to Florida, and I felt that my not being from here might affect my chances r but when Dean Miley heard about my seven years of experience at Marin College, he said, 'Cherchez la femmel' They hired me the next day. What was then the Junior College of Broward County was still in its formative stages when Mrs, Buck was hired. It was just two small rooms in the Board of Public Instruction. For almost one year, the file cabinet was a cardboard box, just like that onel . She laughed, pointing to a semi-dilapidated grocery cardboard box on her office floor. ln the beginning, my job was more diversified. l handled the very first applications, helped process the first 520-odd students, kept student application records, kept attendance records, was assistant hostess when needed . . . as the College has grown, my duties have become more specialized. JCBC's first campus was at the Naval Air Base, a virtual paradise with termites, land crabs, and no air conditioning. We went through a tornado there in 1962. It was a terrible experience. We were all upset, I stood at the door and watched the American flag torn to ribbons in less than five minutes. Some of Mrs. Buck's duties as secretary to the Dean include taking dictation from Dr. Young, and sometimes composing letters: screening phone calls to the Deang making his appointments, and keeping up his appointment calendar. I am also asked to take minutes at some committee meetings. I also keep up the student files and correspondence. In addition, Louise Buck maintains an absence report file and a vacation record for the different departments under Dr. Young's judisdiction. She isn't required to do this, but likes to help cut down the work load of others, and to have the immediate data on request. Familiar with every job in her area, she is helpful to new employees. Mrs. Buck is the editor of the Campus Calendar, better known as The Green Sheet, she says. lt is news for students, like club news, and college visitations. I do it purely on my own volitiong I type it up and the AV center runs it off on the mimeograph -- approximately 1,000 per week. As the attendance increases, so does the output. When I addressed her as Ms., she protested, You can make it Mrs. Why? I am proud of the fact that I am married. I see no reason for abbreviating and making people guess, Everytime I sign anything, I always put down Mrs. Following this line, I asked her, Do you feel women deserve equal pay? Yes, equal pay for equal work. Do you feel women are capable of holding executive positions? Definitely, Well, they have, Do you think that a woman's husband and family interfere with her working? Not if she knows how to budget her time. Do you believe in egalitarian marriage -- where cooking, housework, laundry, child care and so forth are shared equally by the wife and husband? I feel it's a matter of personal preference. My husband is very co-operative. Louise Buck has created a rewarding job, a full life, within the limitations imposed upon her sex by society. She says, My job is never monotonous. Ss 9? ilk Lisa Papa, a 19 year old BCC student, went to a Catholic school where girls weren't allowed to be safety patrols. While in the 9th grade of Catholic school, I became independent. There were too many unanswered questions. The Catholic schools were traditionalist in their teaching methods. You're not supposed to question religion or anything else. But, that's what the educational system is all about. School should be a challenge. l moved from Catholic schools to South Broward in 10th grade. Was South Broward rewarding? Yes, I made it worthwhile. I became one of the progressive students at South Broward who instituted changes in the dress code. We got a movement together registering 18 year olds to vote in time for the '72 election, too. The newspaper was my biggest interest. It was good because as assistant editor, along' with the sports and feature editors, we were in agreement policy-wise with the chief editor. Each of us started something on that school paper. Lisa was historian of the Junior Sinawiks service club, an affiliate of the Kiwanis Club. The club helped out a needy family, which turned out to be quite a consciousness raising experience. The club also visited nursing homes, did work for the Heart Fund, and various school projects. Lisa was chosen Most Valuable Member of Junior Sinawiks and awarded a S500 scholarship which she has used for tuition at BCC. I've always learned more outside of school than in, she says. Her out of school career began when I was a little girl. I used to help my mother who was a waitress. When l was young, she used to take me to work with her. I would try to help her at work. At sixteen Lisa officially became a waitress, working with her mother at the Hawiian Isle Restaurant in Miami Beach. I used to make S100 a week, net, as a waitress. I made S63 net at the Fort Lauderdale Sun-Sentinel as an intern reporter. Lisa got the job at the Sun-Sentinel last December through the Co-op program at BCC. Does she intent to continue in journalism as a career? I may. It's okay right now. I'lI start there and broaden out perhaps into political science and law. You need a good background in political science for journalism as well as for law. You have to have at least a working knowledge of city government in either of those fields. Lisa plans to major in journalism and minor in political science. Does she think sexism will affect her career in journalism? It didn't affect me on the Sun-Sentinel. In law? Not as far as I'm concerned. Lisa is unique among the Publications gang on campus in that she has worked on the staffs of Plan Ku, the literary magazineg the Phoenix, the campus newspaper: and Silver Sands, the yearbook-magazine. She also does layout, writing and photography for the Communicator, a newsletter that goes to administrative personnel, the school board, high school and college counselors, and teachers. Lisa Papa will continue to shape her own lifestyle to suit herself, fighting against the obstacles society places in every woman's path. Change begins from within the individual, whether male or female. Feminist revolution simply means the instatement of equal opportunity to one half of the human race. lf you want to take part in the feminist revolution, try for the goals you really want and not for the ones society says you should have. by Janis IVIara Bal Q W3 l y , , if i 4 1' if 4 l ,I E: if H ,' p fig, afgjjfiy 15 wg Q 1 f!'5fTL,,,, -e Z? if ig 131 ' 1,3 W b 'ftflii ff '. i 8 if gf! 5 32413 ri fl is 4 F49 .au :fy Q. I 1 .QL I 44' ,V :V 4 E! iff 3,4 4 ex 1' if Above the entrance to the passageway, a sign reads: Inspired througi the generosity of Emil Buehler, 1965. He bl'0UQ'lt the stars a little closer. To the side, the lunar surface protrudes from a wall, accompanied by a four-inch refracting telescope standing beside it. As one proceeds, The is surrounded by a mplingof celestial orbs, enhanced by flourescent paint . and black Iidit. Stepping througi an open curtain, he finds himself beneath the forty-foot domed chamber of Buehler Planetarium, one of but a few college planetariums in Florida, located on the central campus of Broward Community College. The show begins and the imagination of the audience is entertained with accounts of phenomenal happenings. For instance, Alexander Hamilton of Le Roy, Kansas stood outside his house one evening and witnessed an airship ascending from the ground carrying his heifer by a rope around its neck. The animal's carcass was later discoverediin a neighbor's field. ln 1910, a cigar shaped aircraft hovered over Chattanooga, Tennessee and slowly disappeared over the horizon, only to be seen over Huntsville, Alabama, tvventy-seven minutes later. The mystifying experiences continue to unfold as segments in Flying Saucer or UFO? , a show recently presented by the Buehler Planetarium staff. Our goal is education through entertainment, says James Comes, planetarium director of five years. This beyond he accomplishes by going portrayal of the universe through simple star shows to create a program which is made more human through the little things we add, he continues. Although he stores a backlog of scripts which have been presented to audiences over the years, Comes prefers to prepare new ideas for each planetarium show. Comes produces the shows with the assistance of Fred Read, planetarium technician, who also directs the presentation of shows to visitors. Shows are given on Thursday evenings at 7:30 and Sunday afternoons at 2:30 and 3:30 beneath the planetarium dome. If the skies are clear during an evening show, Comes also provides a telescope outdooors for observers who are interested in getting a closer look at the stars. lt is estimated that approximately 35,000 persons visit the planetarium annually. Included in this vast number are youngsters as well as the more educated members of the community. Thus, Comes insists, the nature of the scripts must achieve a medium between entertainment and dispersing knowledge. Outstanding in the shows presented by the Buehler Planetarium staff are the special effects used. Unlike those in many of the larger planetariums, these presentations are made more appealing by slides projected on the dome, celestial bodies and phenomena projected from mechanical accesories, and the narration which gives the audience a background of the show's topic. The narrator is Dennis Foster of the BCC speech department, whose deep, resonant voice emphasizes the dramatic aspects of the program and mood for the mysterious of phenomenal citings he sets the accounts proceeds to relate. Electronic music is a favorite background effect used by the planetarium director. Numbers from Hair, Beatle tunes, and Burt Bacharach creations adapted to electronic sound simulate a cosmic mood to enhance the audience's appreciation of what they are about to see. Our shows are never 'canned', Comes emphasized. l wouldn't play just any records because they wouIdn't fit the mood of the shows. Besides, it's not us. The whole thing is a creative effort on our part. Previous shows have involved such topics as comets, galaxies beyond our Our goal is education through entertainment. own, life in outer space, and astrology, Comes related. The astrology show was a particularly timely one, he admitted. As astronomers do not find any basis of truth for astrology, he nevertheless received feedback from astrology enthusiasts who believed the topic did not receive enough support from the presentation, while others who discount the validity of star signs felt the subject should have been attacked more openly, he remarked. In addition to providing public shows and space as a classroom facility, the planetarium is a popular fieldtrip location for students from kindergarten to high school. Several groups each week request time for shows which are given under the sixteen foot junior planetarium dome. The smaller facility accomodates about fifty children comfortably. Different shows are prepared for specific levels between kindergarten and high shcool. On the most elementary level, students are shown slides of objects they are accustomed to witnessing in the daytime sky and are gradually exposed to celestial bodies they have seen, such as the moon, the sun, meteors, and stars, Read described. The shows are progressively more complex with each level of education to the eighth grade, which extends beyond the solar system and includes extraterrestial space travel. The first experiment in planetarium shows was conducted for 1500 Headstart students during the summer before the structure was completed, Joel Martin, the astronomy instructor and former planetarium director, explained. lt was while the series of presentations were being conducted that Martin was confronted with the problem of what to do after presenting a program to 93 pre-school children and finding that the sunny skies had yielded to a sudden tropical rainburst. He cleverly decided to repeat the presentation, thus, a new approach to shows was discovered. planetarium The children were more responsive the second time around, providing the answers to questions rather than being told what they were seeing. On a technical level, the planetarium is an asset to the study of astronomy because of the intricate equipment acquired for its operation. Read distinguished between the actual planetarium and the planetarium dome, a difference of which most persons are unaware. This machinery is actually the F . Q an.. 'v SY planetarium, he emphasized, indicating a massive structure occupying the center of the dome-shaped area. Seats are arranged in a semi-circular form facing one direction, an idea which was initiated by Martin. The planetarium equipment is the most modern machinery available, designed by Armand Spitz, Martin noted. When the planetarium was built, we could afford to buy the best equipment available at the time with the money donated by Mr. Buehler, he explained. A sum of 335,000 was contributed to the college by Emil Buehler, a pioneer in the field of aeronautics, who designated that the money would be appropriated for the construction of a planetarium and the equipment needed at BCC. Since this, he said, the machinery has been updated and accessories, such as the zooming device, have been added as they have become available on the open market. In the rear of the edifice, behind the seating area, is located the control panel from which all images projected on the screen are manifested. From this position, Read controls the operation of the star globe, which projects the constellations and moves them across the sky . With the flip of a switch, Read is able to provide the image of the ecliptic, the meridian, shooting Stars, meteors, or any of a number of sights familiar to the evening sky. The cost of each accessory is between S200-600, Martin estimated. But the planetarium accessories are not limited solely on the basis of what can be acquired from commerical firms. On the contrary, Read explained, it is possible for him to devise his own accessories in fifteen minutes, given a knowledge of optics, S and the proper gadgets and mirrors. Within a year, the planetarium will be supplemented by an observatory which is under construction on the north side of central campus. The cost is estimated at S20,000, Comes said. The structure will serve both students and visitors and will add a new dimension to the study of astronomy at BCC. With the completion of new facilities and the spiraling population growth in the South Florida area, the planetarium will adopt an increasingly important role as a cultural location in Broward County. The presentation of shows is but one attraction it provides as a step in reaching out to the community - a primary goal of BCC. The days when we just serve the students are certainly gone, Comes declared. by Nancy Mixon fo r -S 'sf 'f ffl rv nw g .-.f l H an l. q-l . 1 Xi . . . 'V x. '-L XJ, X., PX g 4-11- A.-f, .....k N f-X aux Q Q, t l - , li .4 Self expression has become one of the biggest creative endeavors of people today. The flaring popularity of photography has stirred enough curiosity and fascination to draw many BCC students and faculty into Murray Spitzer's photoejournalism course. Spitzer shares his professional experience with his students and encourages a free interchange of ideas. His students gain a working technical knowledge of their cameras and darkroom procedures, then produce photographs using their individual perspectives for class assignments. Although some emphasis is put on the journalism slant in photos, students have turned out works which communicate more than the who, when, what, where, why, and how. The works shown here create effective moods which may in themselves tell a story. by Lisa Papa Photo by Lynn Anderson TC LQ X. 'X QV? 5 fwb'-'v -t tsl' ANN 'QJNQ U -tv, tt, gggi gd cl. .. , 4 l l l l l Photo by Mike Waugh ..-fn q ...,. - . - . . i l 1 i Photo by Cherri Clar k 1: jw v- A .1 ll J' .- '-.f 4' ..,g,- .4 I in ,J U6 ? Photo by Tom Wiison -,.-. ,....... - - . e . s 51.0 49' .4-v-A .4 .p-4 1 v - fu- -,-V auf... ,. 1' . n, ,M ' ' --:'f.--was-- -B ' L -4-fukin' 1 4.1 9?'5f3?5:-: ' 31? .1 -.- wa 1 ,Tryp 'F . xi K l-. 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Early in the year the two coaches decided to set a new policy of only competing in major university tournaments. The policy was a result of last year's National Junior college Tournament in which the BCC debators took four out of five top positions. This year we've beaten Georgetown University, the University of Kansas, all the Florida four year schools at one time or another, we've beaten Emory University every time we've met them, these are people who have historically been the major people in debate, Wilson said. Unfortunately, after a highly successful season, the home debators failed to do as well as expected in this year's nationals. Two squads were sent but they failed to qualify in the final rounds. Two individual debators did, however, take home individual honors. Jan Shenosky won fourth place in impromtu speaking, and Michael Sage won third place in rhetoric analysis. Sometimes you get disappointments at the end of the year, and it was not a pleasant experience, Wilson said. He added, We aren't too happy about what happened there, but l don't think that detracts from what we did the rest of the year, it was a good year. There were many highlights this year for the debators starting with their first tournament at Middle Tennessee State University where Barry Schwartz and Eric Weinstein went eight wins and no losses. Later at Emory University, the same team took six wins and two losses. This was a major national competition according to Wilson. At South West Missouri State University, Fred Jefferies and Michael Sage won six out of eight rounds before losing in the final round to North West University tourney in Carroliton, Georgia, in February. Miss Shenosky and Sage won seven out of eight rounds at that event. Probably the highpoint of the year was when the team captured top honors in the State Championship for the third year in a row at Florida Technological University in Orlando last March. At that tourney, Sage was named top debator in the state and Miss Shenosky won second place as a debator. All these things added together make us credable as far as our debate program goes in comparison with other four year schools, said Wilson. i mink there is a good possibility that we may be allowed into the four year national tournament which no junior college has ever done before. Wilson believes that the policy of competing only with major schools is a very beneficial one to the debators. We take people who are freshmen and we send them out to compete against major universities and against people who are very good, he said. He added that a freshman at a four year school probably would not get the same chance because of too much competition in the junior and senior ranks. Because of the policy Wilson said that his people have to progress a great deal faster, but he believes that it is worth it. Broward debators have historically been highly sought after by the four vear schools, he said, because by the time they leave here they are ready to debate against the major universities. Some debators have already won debate scholarships to those major universities. Miss Shenosky will be going to Boston University on one such scholarship. Weinstein and Schwartz have been awarded scholarships as has Jefferies, who will be going to West Georgia. Each year the topic for debate is chosen nationally for all the collegiate DEBATE teams in the country. This year the topic was socialized medicine. Since there is change every year, the teams have to put in some long hours researching the topic before they begin debating. This must be done in a comparatively short time because the subject is disclosed on July 15th and the squad must be ready to debate by the first of October. During this time about 3,000 to 4,000 pieces of information will be selected and catagorized, including facts, quotations, and statistics. There are usually at least 3,000 examples alone filed away for possible use. Most debators spend at least ten to 20 hours a week working on a debate. Debate is an activity that you shouldn't be in unless you enjoy it, Wilson said. lt is a tiring business. The debate team has traveled with about 20 people throughout the year and has brought home about 40 trophies. Most of them are on display in the student services building. Only the individual event trophies are kept by the team members themselves. 'ix i fr an-S? 'url-U I J V Y . .,.:. . f, .na -,T -4 I, M. : N I S-. Left to right: Instructor Jim Wilson, Bill Newman, Jan Shenosky and Jay Jackson A, Left to right: Jan Shenosky, Michel Lee Sage, and Eric Weinstein Wilson is already looking ahead to next season. He feels that the team will be even better than this year's squad. He said that several new freshmen are coming into the school because of the debate program, including some from as far away as Arkansas. ln addition, he said many of his regulars will be returning. I really think that next year we're going to have a better overall squad than we did this year. We're going to have a lot more depth as far as numbers of people go and l think we will probably be able to send four teams to the Junior College Nationals next year, said Wilson. by Ron Cunningham g:5,QifF Q .rrff -- 1 fofiilf-5 -3. 4. lf you're cruising through the administration building, you'll notice some changes have taken place. The corridors are quiet now and the sign on the President's door is gone. Have no fear, my friend, Doctor Adams and the gang haven't abandoned the SS BCC in despair, they've moved to a more convenient location at the recently opened downtown center on Las Olas Boulevard in Fort Lauderdale, formerly the First National Bank. We are going to do something not done by other community colleges, explained Dr. Hugh Adams, BCC president. That, he continued, is to establish central or hat-hanging offices from which all bureaucratic duties are executed by the administration and schedule office hours during the week at each of the main campuses. This, he hopes, will free me to roam around. I have a pile of mail on my desk that is one afternoon's work, Adams commented in an interview last March. lt's impossible with this backlog for me to roam around on Central Campus. With a proposed third campus lSouth Campus in Hollywoodl, this is almost essential. l'm determined to keep myself available to members of the college family. 4 . 9 . Ugg 55' - ' ... .7 , gl. Z as 55553459- V an ' 4 1 ir, I A --a..q ., 1 ' rl , J i . ' 1 ,I Qs ..,-.e if-IQQQALE 'f ' i l .1--L limi Administrators who have moved downtown include Adams, Dr. Clinton Hamilton, vice president and dean of academic affairs, Dr. George Young, dean of student affairs, and John Morack, dean of business affairs. Eventually, Adams revealed, the two offices currently held by Hamilton will be separated and a chief academic officer will be appointed. The administration building on Central Campus will be renovated to accommodate faculty offices. The only two administrators remaining on campus are Dr. Harry Smith, executive dean of Central Campus, and Ms. Catherine Dinnen, assistant dean, who will occupy the offices vacated by Adams and Hamilton, respectively. BEE MIST 58091 ln addition to housing the administrative offices, the new downtown center has classroom facilities replacing the storefront location on Las Olas. The idea, according to Adams, is to make college courses available to Fort Lauderdale residents who are unable, for one reason or another, to attend Central or North Campus. The range of course offerings caters to the worker who desires the opportunity to take a course related to his occupation. Thus, the slogan of the new center is bring a paper bag lunch and take a noon class. These efforts do change people's lives, Adams said. Many had not thought of college as a possibility before now. But this doesn't happen unless they see it and know it's there. We can provide an immediate kind of response for a person who is seeking educational opportunities. This is an advantage to persons with families who want to learn, but have obligations and can't attend classes at Central Campus, he continued. Although the course offerings are not as diversified as those at either of the main campuses, it is possible to establish virtually any course for instruction at the downtown center. Essentially, the classes that are currently offered downtown are of a pragmatic nature, including business courses in the fields of real estate, banking, and women's seminars. During term II, a total of 78 classes were offered and 350 students were enrolled. The enrollment was composed primarily of business workers supplementing their occupational backgrou ndsg however, 'HIE BBWIIT WN 558158 it is anticipated that the shopping mall to be built immediately adjacent to the center will draw approximately 100,000 persons into the district each year. This, along with provision of public transportation, will supplement BCC's enrollment downtown, Adams speculated. In addition, a novel approach to teaching is being considered which would involve taking art classes, for example, into the open mall so that persons passing by could see what the classes achieve. A 30x40 classroom is not related to education in a primary way, we've discovered, Adams submitted. We're getting away from the traditional requirements of classroom teaching. The opening of an education center in the downtown area has not happened overnight, but is the result of many years of study and many dollars worth of renovation processes. Feasibility studies, Adams commented, have been conducted over the past ten years las part of the ten year plan for development! to locate a suitable spot for administrative offices, as well as establishing an educational structure allowing for expansion of classroom facilities. At least six possibilities were considered before the First National Bank was chosen, Adams said. We have a facility that will adequately fulfill our requirements in a financial package we can afford. The First National Bank building has been leased on a five year renewable contract at a cost of S5 per square foot. With 21,8000 square feet of usable space and a cost of S120 for each of the 75 parking spaces rented by the college, the total annual lease is in excess of Sl00,000. However, Adams added, these costs will be offset by the benefits that will be received from the state as a result of the increased enrollment in the downtown center. The renovation project was financed entirely by First National Bank at a cost of Sl00,000 for interior renovation and an additional S100,000 for exterior alterations. BCC is edifice, leasing four floors of the the ground floor, made available by the bank without cost, is an open mall serving as a center of student activity. On the third floor, the logo is prominently displayed. A pedestrian walkway stretches the length of the main corridor, providing a visual sweep of the area. It is aesthetically designed with the student in mind. Wooden blocks and fountains constitute the basic decor. Art work and, eventually, performing arts such as pantomime will expand the area to further cultural dimensions. ln addition, classrooms and the registrar's office are located on the third level. The fourth floor of the structure is comprised of a small auditorium, a seminar room, and additional classrooms. A bookstore has been established to accommodate student needs. Faculty offices and a student lounge are also provided. The administrative offices, or hat-hanging offices, as Adams calls them, are housed on the fifth floor. The sixth floor of the facility is distinguished by interior landscaping, a design used at Purdue University, which involves offices separated not by walls, but by partitions and shrubbery. The layout has been skillfully planned to accommodate the traffic flow smoothly. Stationed on the sixth floor are the business and personnel offices, as well as purchasing, accounting and the comptroller. An important part of the renovation proceedings has been careful planning and consultation between the college and the bank. ln this renovation project, the bank had to be satisfied, as well as the college, Adams said. College related needs are not necessarily part of the bank's. Before any renovation was begun, he continued, the plans were submitted to the Florida Department of Education, which anticipated all problems that might be encountered in the proposed facility. For instance, the department indicated the necessity of enclosing the elevators and stairvvells in fireproof casings, as well as providing ramps for the handicapped. By the time you satisfy the bank, which is a business, the college, which is interested in education, and the state, which is involved on a long-term basis, virtually all possible problems are eliminated, Adams further commented. However, within the total concept of the downtown center, the most important goal of the college is to educate students in such a way that they feel confident they have absorbed information useful to their professions or special interests. of y X .,-..., ,NN u...,,qkt ' 4 'iw'-. li -'m um' . . ,lfl -- NX h v 'Q ., -ex., Q. ki: in -N., v T?-, ' t l . , N., R Q Ns 1 X. I - 5 'vi . 6 ' , - ' W'-fl T ' ' ,, 21- ' :,'!'1fs rr ' ml f 4Iv:,,wgx,.gi Broward commumly 1 .----'- ri iZTf2 fi S ' ' ,- , ' 0 Li? f r i s - - f 1 'f 1- T -' - --- 'Z' .. b 1 - ,.-ss - ., :' - 2. T 5 Y' ivi .fr If .I 'V uni Q A ii ? ' ,v X ta- ln education, we don't open the doors and say, 'There's the world, now go get it.' College is not an instrument of social changeg it's very much a part of the world we live in, Adams remarked. Bringing college to the front door of the business world is another step in reaching out to the community and incorporating the two areas of growth. With this concept in mind, BCC and its administration are developing a unique concept in community college education. by Nancy Mixon centen neacbe The mini-campus concept has become a necessary implementation as enrollment at BCC has increased over the years. Currently, there is a downtown center in Fort Lauderdale as an extension of Central Campus and another in Pompano to supplement North Campus. But few students are aware that the Hollywood Center on Taft Street, precipitator of the proposed South Campus, initiated the trend. Classes have been conducted at the Hollywood Center for four years. Accommodations have been established for a radiologic technology program and a nursing program, both of which are conducted in conjunction with Hollywood Memorial Hospital, located across the street from the center. Students in either of the programs constitute about 75 of the 200 enrolled at the facility. The structure includes three classrooms, in addition to the radiologic technology laboratory, several offices, and a small snack bar. This arrangement is advantageous, however, because two of the classrooms accommodate an average of twenty students. Thus, there is a close relationship between instructor and student, explained Donald Rigg, English instructor who was appointed division chairman of the center last fall. At least 50 students were enrolled in real estate classes during term ll, a sequence which usually achieves a full enrollment soon after registration begins. For the fall term, general education courses to be offered include Engl 101, 104, and 2055Spe1005 Nlth1312 Psy 201, 2115 and Soc 201, 231. Business courses include personal finance, public relations, and real estate. Rigg's goal since becoming division chairman has been to build up the range of course offerings. However, he noted, Our greatest difficulty in the past has been finding students to register for the general education courses. Before term I last fall, no more than three sections of any course has ever remained on the schedule. Although day classes are offered, evening classes are more popular, particularly among persons who have jobs. Hopefully, Rigg speculated, the signs and brochures circulated by the center will make adults and retirees aware of the educational opportunities available to them in their community. He would also like to encourage full-time students who take day courses at Central Campus to pick up some of their requirements in evening classes at the center and draw the retirees in the community into courses to fill the daytime void. Conceivably, we could give all 15 hours in a student's schedule here, he added. Ultimately, the Hollywood Center will become an extension of South Campus once it is opened. Courses will continue to be offered there and the paramedical facilities will remain in the advantageous proximity to the hospital. The center, Rigg emphasized, will continue in its program to reach out to the community and recruit persons seeking educational opportunities. by Nancy Mixon phOtO by Kevin Bedford radio-tech challenges students The paramedical program at BCC's Hollywood Center offers one of the five college programs in radiologic technology in the nation. Its purpose is to fulfill the growing demand for qualified technologists by providing the necessary skills and knowledge. Thus, remarked Shirley Frazier, program director, the number of applicants far surpasses the 35 vacancies each fall. to S7500 annuallyf salary rises according to the amount of responsibility involved in thejob. For example, a section supervisor may earn as much as 820,000 a year. To be considered for admission to the program, Mrs. Frazier explained, a student must have completed a SCAT examination, maintain a 2.0 average, and be considered emotionally sound Radiologic technology courses have been on the curricula since the Hollywood Center opened four years ago. The laboratory equipment used in the sequence was donated by Broward General Hospital in Fort Lauderdale and the darkroom equipment was provided by Hollywood Memorial, located across the street from the center. By state law, the walls of the laboratory are lead-lined to prevent radiation seepage. Technologists are in great demand in the South Florida area. Students who graduate from the BCC program are usually successful in finding job openings in area hospitals. Starting pay for a technologist ranges from S6200 X .li- 1 lia- and physically able. An admittance committee, including representatives from the several area hospitals and from various areas in the college lEngIish, science, counseling, etc.l interview each prospective student and check references and background. About 50'Ms of those admitted, she said, do not come directly out of high school, but have previously fulfilled the general education requirements at BCC and decided to approach radiologic technology as a career choice. I Applicants are accepted for the beginning of each fall term. Initially, they enroll in introductory courses. The 30-month program is completed after the student has interned 50 consecutive weeks in an area hospital, during which time he practices the skills and knowledge acquired in the previous year and a half of classroom instruction. The radiologic technology program operates in conjunction with four local institutions - North Broward, Hollywood Memorial, Broward General, and Holy Cross. In internship, the students are required to work 40 hours weekly and they earn S200 each month. The hours are irregular, Mrs. Frazier continued, and are often quite demanding on the students who must also work at other jobs. One student, she related, was so overworked that he was found sleeping in a corner during hospital hours. Nevertheless, the profession can be satisfying and challenging for one who is primarily concerned with benefiting others. Mike Studlay, an amiable first-year student in the program, commented, The first year, I'm getting out to feel my way around as a technologist and progress from there. I don't want to limit myself. This is more or less a stepping stone. He described his profession as one in which he is respected and needed. I was working for the phone company and, although I enjoy working outdoors, I didn't feel needed. Anybody could do the job. I love being with people and I'm doing something beneficial for others. This is why the job is good for me. A gentleman came in one day with one leg in a cast and the other wrapped up. He sat in a wheelchair with his legs parallel to his body: when his legs moved, they would hurt. We couIdn't take x-rays in the wheelchair, so we had to put him on a table. There were four of us and we were very cautious to put him on the table without moving his legs an inch. We exercised the same care in moving him back down into his wheelchair. When we had finished, he thanked us, The class aspect l need, but being in the hospital is so inspiring. Everything you do makes you want to do more. To practice the art of achieving precise x-rays, the students have available The Phantom -- a human skeleton covered with 180 pounds of black material which has radiation absorption equivalent to that of human skin tissue. Thus, students are able to x-ray different parts of the skeleton as effectively as they could a human. A technologist never diagnoses, Mrs. Frazier stated emphatically. However, you learn to learn to recognize certain things, she continued. You know if another view is needed, or, if you're in doubt, you may ask the radiologist. A good technologist recognizes anything abnormal with respect to the view he is reproducing. All technologists are required to wear packets which contain film measuring the amount of radiation to which they have been exposed. They are restricted to 5 Roentgens ia measurement of radiation based on ionization in the airl each monthg if it becomes apparent that they are receiving more than this amount, they can be moved temporarily for their own safety. In any paramedical field, Mrs. Frazier explained, it is important to keep abreast of the most recent developments and realize the significance of changes that occur. One thing I tell all my students is 'do not let it get away from you'. If you d0n't stay in technology, things advance so rapidly you'll be out of it. Work vacations or take classes to keep from losing the field completely. A primary goal that Mrs, Frazier wishes to achieve with her students, along with educating them to the skills and knowledge necessary to become a capable technologist, is to simultaneously impress upon them that they have taken the responsibility of someone's life in performing their jobs. ln this respect, radiologic technology is a highly important profession requiring training and dedication in order that medical standards are upheld. BCC is offering an opportunity to those who can fulfill this need, by Nancy Mixon photos by Kevin Bedford .aprile , 1 ,-1 S, A 'us , -4-:S W- M. we A 4 l 1 , . I ...1 .' -:' Q - my . e X 95,351 ,.,'1'k4'..' , ,. . ',.' :.'t2i . , ft, . ,A N W 4977-:Q 0 r 3 77' C'iEIVEI1.f-3EI'I SP!!-XIV EFIIIJCEEIS I'IIE1' IYIIIQIJ C3-.JBLI3 The teenagers of the '3O's, '4O's and '5O's - those who swooned over Frank Sinatra, swung to the sounds of Duke Ellington in his prime, cheered the athletic superstars Knute Flockney, Lou Gehrig and Jesse Owen, and listened to a World War on their Philco radio, - those same people are now coeds on a junior college campus. They are interacting with the teenagers of the '6O's and '7O's - the generation of the Beatles, and of Woodstock, a generation who marched for peace, won the 18 year-old vote, and accepted the space age as casually as they did the affluency of a TV and a car for every family. So what brings the past two generations back to school? In a word, ambition, which proves to be the driving force behind the courageous decision to come to college where over 845 or more specifically, nine thousand out of eleven thousand students, are under 30 years of age. In a questionaire filled out by a group of over-30 students, one listed her reason for coming to college as a desire to develop further along an intellectual plane as opposed to the mundane life of raising children. Another stated that her return was prompted by self-improvement and a desire to finish something l had begun. Another sophomore voiced a similar opinion, and added, I have 30 years of work ahead of me, and l wanted to do it in a higher capacity. Others want to obtain a degree, or pick up some knowledge in certain subiects. A possible change in life style is what one woman aspires to gain from her college experience. Her reason for coming was simply stated, To have a chance to teach my children better values, and to put myself in better living conditions. Not only does she want to benefit from her education, but others are included in her plans, making her purpose two-fold. Becoming part of a youth-oriented learning institution resulted in mixed feelings from the older students. Some thought the campus was rather relaxed, both in the classroom and out of it. One student responded that she loved the freedom, but felt that it was somewhat abused. Another felt there was a lack of selfdixipline in some cases, but liked most of the other aspects. About the students in , l i' Q ' Q 5. 'il ' If if fx v, gui-LLL i B Y fr ' 4 sf X , . 1.23, ,f . 1 , -7'-'-n--p..-M- 4 -lr 'lf'-Qiifma ' s if 'V 1 Q Xf li' particular, one sophomore reported that they were smarter and more aware than she was at that age, Conversing with the students helps me to understand my own kids. And a surprising response, I feel their values are higher than the values of those in their 30's and 40's. They're more honest and sincere. Overall, the reactions to the younger students appear to be favorable. Since there are some students who are older than a fevv of their teachers, one would expect the classroom situation to be rather disturbing to the teacher, therefore having a not so pleasant effect on the pupils. Not so, however, for the teachers and their students react favorably to the setup. Of course, there are exceptions to every rule, and there are personality clashes: but these are not exclusive to the over-30 student. Most of the students report a comfortable and tolerable atmosphere, most of the teachers indicate no favoritism from any standpoint with regard to age. One 70 year-old hoped that he was an encouragement to other young people in class. And just how do the friends and relatives of these older students accept the fact that they have a coed in their midst? Most think it is a good idea: however, my parents don't, said one. Some would like to do the same thing but do not make the ef-fort to do so, said another. A freshman said that her family, bridge club and charities don't appreciate the time she spends here. My friends reactions are good. They feel l'm trying to accomplish the impossible. I guess most really don't understand, said one 33 year-old. The 70 year-old freshman stated that his family and friends admire his discipline in keeping up with the younger students. The feeling seems to be that if an older person wants to do something with the rest of his life, then from those who really don't get into education he can expect an attitude of, That's nice, but not for me. An increase in awareness is what some students gain from returning to college, as well as an understanding for the youth of today. Says a 41 year-old mother of four: I have a lot more understanding of young people and their ideas and more sympathy for some of them. Things like the students' style of dress lor lack of itll caused some concern at first for some of the older students, but tolerance was quick to come, and even led to some changes for a few in their own modes of dress. The total s H M . ' ..e:f' if ,,'- . 1 'uf' 44 aff ' , ' ,fl H 'f I ffl ffl ffffiff'-Q s Q ' 1 D' lift'-'il liljfjflr lp' Aux' l'I':' 'i u , fl'l':' 1 figflf ,:,':,'1L' ' V :vi ll: 'J 'll I . , s ,, fr .- H ll s ' f If I: ' I, .H as N, u, ,, I . . H1 'I t ,, a a, ,f . I' 5 a ff' X X . fa.'. f.. ' x. In-an on-aun.41-M. .1 iv? - vs.. relaxation of the campus was hard for some to adjust to, since they had been brought up in different parts of the country at a different time, and education was a very strict matter in some institutions. Perhaps an understanding of things both past and present, by both the old and young alike will bring the proverbial generation gap a little closer if not shut. lt's been proven time and time again that understanding and communication can solve most problems. Bringing the over-30 generation back to school is just a start. by Jan Harrelson photos by Lisa Papa MQ . . R. x il .,,, sk ,s,.ms,. .1 1 , 9 J sms . -. 21 Remember the shiny food cans piled high outside the Hospitality Center Term I? And how the pile grew to a magnificent five-foot height? Those cans were donated by BCC students to the PTK food drive for needy families. What is PTK, exactly? Phi Theta Kappa, the National Junior College Honorary Society. Members are within the top 10M of the student body, and must maintain a 3.5 average. Besides the food drive, PTK also helped out at the May third Graduation exercises this year. Ten PTK members acted as ushers. Conventions were a big part of the PTK action, too. President Al Donahue, Vice Presidentt Pam Belville and VP-elect Ben Haire attended the National Convention in Houston, Texas. BCC's Mu Mu chapter hosted the PTK State Convention this year. AI Donahue took the lead in making the arrangements. PTK officers in 1972-73 were Al Donahue, President, Pam Belville, Vice President: Sandi Blackmon, Secretary, Term lg and Jan Edwards, Treasurer. Officers for the l973-74 year are Harry Tobin, President, Ben Haire, Vice President, Sonja Sellars, Secretary, Gale Wilhelm, Treasurer, and Linda Foster, Recorder. Mr. Chester Handleman, social science professor, sponsors the organization. 'I l l l .gp 92? 'zf-, . , ' Anime -7 Broward Community College athletes brought recognition to the Sports Department when they came through with winning seasons in the various divisions of competition. Coach Elaine Gavigan's Women's Tennis Team ranked number one in their Division IV with players number one and two, Anne Patrick and Aileen Sherrin, leading them. The Central campus Men's Tennis Team stormed into the season with two 7-0 shut-out matches and continued their victories under the coaching of Fred Curry. The Baseball Team placed third in Division IV competition and ended their season with a 37-15 record. Coach Lee Wheat's players also placed fourth in state competition scoring a 14-6 conference play mark. Leading pitcher, Mark Klein won an All State Player award. g uf Photos on this page by Dave Patrick U rg, 4 . 1 - - wKi.x ' Dennis Powers, John Pawley, and Lawrence Wright represented the Seahorse Wrestling Team in a national tournament after developing outstanding wrestling skills this year. Coach Randy Everly found his Central campus Basketball team scoring 14 wins and 11 losses for this season's record. North campus finished with a 13-13 mark up under Coach Bob made All Conference honors which qualified him to play in this year's National Golf Tournament in New Mexico. The Gymnastics Team, in its second year of competition, had one member, Mike Monahan, qualify for the nationals this season. Coach Lawson King believes more emphasis should be put on gymnastics because it is a year round sport. The final status for the season reflected a winning year for sports of all sorts at Broward Community College. Photo by Kevin Bedford Stinnatt. Central's H. L. Colemen and North's Willy Hymes were rated All-Division IV. The Golf Team swung a fourth place ranking in the State Golf Tournament with a team stroke average of 300 for 31 rounds. Coach Bud Marsee's golfers stroked in a 7-2 record for their season. John Duggan, said by Marsee to be the best all round player, was named All State Golfer by the coaches in the fourth division. Jamie Frith Photo by Kevin Bedford 1 'L-0'. photo by Dave Patrick 1! jfs L ii .z V7 Photos on this page by Ron Cunningham .,. , svwsr-Swann., Q ,,,, ,b W. , Ile:-cas,-.1.:.+-wx .., A , '9 WW 4. 'M 4 kpic, QF, in fa .1 Z- 1 i 4, 3 5 sr 'iw ', ' Q Q ravi.-Q. 4 x x . ,, g 2 All if Q., ' 11,1 1,' . - 13.01 1' 'SKK' ' :V ffm gig: ,Q 0 h 2939: 1 - ,-Aqv?.vv 7 y J 3' . ' V ' ' J g 1 - were .h , J 'gg '-:,':,'f:-:Az ' 1 - 1 XXX s .R s 1 5 8 ' '- ' ' 'S f 2 - ' :gs zu' :X 4 un x Q 1 1' ' I 8 Q p. , w- me .1-' .qs 1 wi -- ASSOCIATE IN ARTS DEGREE Ab Joseph Adams Sharon Lea Adams Emory Lewis Abernathy Joseph John Albee Bernice Jewel Alden Leah Joan Alexander Angela Rita Amorosi Robert Joseph Antonello Betty Frances Ashurst Joseph Steven Axinn Charles C. Bachman Henrietta Julia Bain Edward Daniel Baker Patricia Ann Baker Barbara Ann Bales George Francis Barr Jane Reeves Bastedo Walter J. Battaglio Patrick Henry Batte Dale D. Batten Victoria Lee Becker Marilyn Rae Beecher Rebecca Mary Behle William W. Behrens Dorothy Jean Bell Frank Lawrence Bellissimo Pamela Ann Bellville Dorothy Ann Benedetto Jo Ann Benton Thomas Lawrence Bernardini David V. Bianculli Karen Lynn Bishop John Griffin Blanc Amy S. Boate James Marn Bolta David Brian Bonifer David Charles Borem Cynthia Anne Boughton Steven Dale Bowman Karen Lee Bozicevic Marsha Braunstein Claudia W. Brown James Rufus Brown Thomas Alan Bruns James Patrick Bulfin Linda Burns David Michael Burrell Donald Steven Burvvell Barbara Lee Buske Leslie Emilie Butler Donald Joseph Camarda Rosolyn Marie Caporaso Diane Gail Carl Barbara Elizabeth Carlisle Jerralyn Roth Carson Nancy Elizabeth Carta Marjorie J. Cartwright Jeffrey R. Catlin Melvin Sebastian Chang James Joseph Chmielarski Thomas Peter Christensen Mary Alma Clark Mary Kathryn Clinton Robert W. Coats William Hard Coffey LuAnn M. Comes Rita Marie Connors Kenneth Donald Cooper Jane Lynn Coplan William Richard Corbett Geralyn Anne Cottam Cathy Rae Coursen James R. Covell Virginia A. Crispo Candy E. Croft Helen Virginia Cronin Ruth J. Croxson Forest Kerr Crumpler Charles Leroy Culp Ronald James Cunningham William D. Currier Mary Jane Curry John Williams Curtis Paul Hardy Darring Donald Wesley Davis Teresa Delgado Bruce Edward DeMinico R. Frances DePalma Stephen Joseph DeStefano Olivia L. Dixon Allan James Donahue Peter Gordon Dorrell Bruce Robert Douglass Edward George Dow Edgar Samuel Downs Arnold M. Duhrkopp Lee-Ann Eber Stephen Edward Eberhart Annette H. Edwards Jean Marc Emond Julie Kay Endicott Patricia Ann Eng Donald Earl Evans Robin Lynne Feinberg George Barnet Fink Fred William Fiore Alessandro Mike Fiorio Deborah Ann Fischi James Garis Fleetwood David William Focazio Susan Nanette Foster Karen Kimberly Fox Jean Marie Franks Candice Marie Frevert Dennis E. Frodge Lowell R. Gardner Linda Garvin Christine Ann Gay Markham James Gentile Gerald Anthony Gies Robert Edward Giles Q ra-dttationl Beverly Ann Gillespie John Gimbel Kurt William Goldzung Sandra Goodell Gay Allyson Graft Carol LaVerne Grason James William Greasart Diane Ruth Greenley Michael A. Gribas Eileen Griewisch Ben Wade Grigsby Benny W. Guinn Richard Edwin Habegger Laurie Ann Hahlen Billie Trawick Hairston Coralee Haley Mary Elizabeth Hall Vernon Eugene Hardwich Charles Timothy Hardy Jane Adelaide Harper Linda Susan Harrius Louis J. Haynie Donna Kathleen Higbie Sherri Lee Hill Rose Marie Hilliard William Lawrence Hinson lll Flora Lee Hodges Howard Louis Hoffman Henrietta Holt Ruth Ann Holt Mary Margaret Hood Edward Bernard Houck Judith Deborah Hunter Shirley l. Huskey Edward George Jarosh Susan Essex Jarvis Susan Linda Jeselsohn Charles Daniel Johnson Cindi Lu Johnson Barbara Jean Kapke James Joseph Kelly Jr. Frank Marion Kemp Raymond Kent Kensill Patricia Kephart Daniel Freeman Kilgore Jr. Charles A. King Bruce Thomas Kitson Kirstine Weiler Klein Michael J. FKlein Ruth Ann Kleppinger Dianne L. Knief Urban Thomas Koch IV 4 N Joan Mary LaFrance Ruth B. Lacey James D. Laine Regina Diane Lang Stephen Alan LaRochelle Thomas Edward Lavick Linda Marie Lazzaro Marilyn Marie Lehnert Heather Rose Lemay Martin Fenlon Lenihan Nancy Ann Lessard Anne Lettis Nelson Man Keung Lew Thelma Yvonne Lewis 9 I Duane Allen Lippy Virginia Louise Locke Gwendolyn Lundy Mary Jane Lyon Bruce MacAlvanah John Joseph Mamo Mimi Edith Marsh James Rempe Marshall Paul Warren Martin Trudy Courtney Martin Peter Matthew Mastrorio John F. McKenna Paul Francis McKewen Bobby Glen McKibbon George T. McNeill Scott William Mercer Mark G. Meyer Pam. L. Miles Edith Alice Miller Estella Ann Miller Patricia Breslin Miller Benee Lynn Mills Mary Marge Mary Margaret Minnet Eugene Owen Mitchell Jr. -Nancy Marie Mixon Frank Wallace Mizell Jr. Theodore Thomas Moates photos by Dave Patrick Elaine Joy Marks Moldoff Hollis Edward Moose Diane Louise Morrison Jeffrey Craig Mowry Rubert Theodore Mullen Melvin Jonathan Myers James Austin Neal Jr. Scott Howe Neslund John Bruce Newbill Patricia Rosemarie Newman Frank Michael Noto ll Richard Charles Obach Michael William Oberlander Maryann Pigan O'Neil Lynn Marie Osbaldeston Tami Harmon Osborne Thomas Stewart Ott Daniel Rhett Ouzts Jr. Donna Louise Paolucci Wendy Legh Parker Mercer Cranor Parrott lll Pamela Jean Phelps Janet Gail Pierce Richard S. Pipkin Salvatore Piscitello Anne Daneille Ports David Brickman Powell Graciela C. Pozo Judith Elizabeth Prins Celeste Carol Quinn Paul T. Rainone Richard Robert Ramler Myrna-Joy Reid Doriane Jean Reo Jo-Ann Diane Riggio Dennis Arthur Roberts Joseph Lawrence Robustelli Ronald Edward Rohaus Robert Raymond Rospond Thomas Henry Rottenberg Jeffrey Charles Roulston Billy Rutherford Patti Marie Sarzen Byron Eugene Saunders Carol Lynn Saunders Karen Ann Sawchuk Christine Ann Schneider Muriel C. Schwarts Lawrence M. Sclafani Michael Francis Scully Lynette Marie Searing F. Rooney Jr. Janice A. Shenosky John Joseph Sherbert Lawrence Stuart Simkin John Robert Sindoni James David Slaugh Brenda Lee Smith Deborah Lynn Smith G. Michael Smith Kenneth Carl Smith Madonna June Smith Debra Ann Snowden Jorge E. Solis William Frederick Speier Jr. Michael Owen Spoutz Marion Ann Springer Mary F. Sprowl James Clark Strait Jr. Robbie T. Sumby James Pasco Sweat Jr. Polyxeni Mary Theodore John Purdy Thompson Jr. Stephen Tiefenbach Nance Davidson Tindal Mark E. Todd ' Myrna T. Toyel Robert F. Tschiemer Jr. Jeffery Clayton Turner Melanie Fay Vaughn Gail A. Verplanck John A. Vickerstaff Michael H. Vukson Geraldine Marie Walsh Susan Ardis Watters Michael Leonard Waugh Wendy Kaye Webber Margarett Leigh Weldon Richard Wienke Dianne Louise White James J. Wigand Edward Wilkinson Darlene Williams Phyllis Arlyne Williams Richard F. Williams Martha S. Wininger Laura Marie Wise Christine Wolf Paul Zambory lll Glynda Gayle Zane Carmen Adela Zayas-Bazan Carol A. Zeglen Daniel M. Ziegler Ellen Zwick ASSOC I AT E AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY Kevin Anthony Lucy Scott T. Wilson AIRLINE CAREERS Patricia Kay Barnum Noralee Ann Beckwith Margie Martin ARCHITECTURAL TECHNOLOGY Nancy Susan Bilodeau Scott Thompson Goobie Russell William Wood BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION Accounting Mary Joan Curran Angela Maria Juliano Executive Secretary Stella Marie Abatiello Rene Ann Arnone Laura Louise McGilvra Cathy Ann Robert Linda Susan Teuchert General Business Charlene M. Hagmaier Marianne Regina Mandel General Secretary Kathy Ann Hicks Legal Secretary Kathleen Eleanor Crane Laurie Ann Debevec Cynthia Ann lmondi Susan Ann Kristeff Patricia Ann Sirmeyer IN SCIENCE DEGREE COMMERCIAL ART Sharon Sue Brown Carmella Tripucka CONTRACTING AND CIVIL ENGINEERING Michael Castellani David N. Vick CRIMINAL JUSTICE Richard Barnwell Aldret Charles Wayne Bolden Peter Welling Dionis Scott D. Harloff Edward Joseph Moss Bruce T. O'Toole Michael Arnold Pippio John Edward Poulsen Joseph Louis Terlizzese Kipton Blair Younger Philip Carl Yourman Edward Joseph Werder Kipton Blair Younger Philip Carl Yourman DATA PROCESSING Werner Fritz Dorigo Jr. Roger James Hahn James B. Short Carl Wayne Souder ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGN Marco Tulio Agudelo Paul George Engle Thomas J. Favitta Richard P. Fitzsimmons Alden John Gardner Richard William Griest Steve A. Kayworth Robert Edward Lega Gordon Wesley Leonard 'Victor G. Martin Bernard Thomas Murphy Mark William Plunkett Ronald E. Roark Cc? raduation U HOTE L-R ESTAU RANT INSTITUTION ADMINISTRATION Billy Reginald Alford Joseph Steve Pinkocze Jr. LANDSCAPE TECHNOLOGY Lucrecia Maria Escobar James Phillip Mead John Richard Speier MARKETING MANAGEMENT Nellie M. Hill MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Robert Henry Dorsey MEDICAL ASSISTING Carol Ann Brooks Bebe Fine Hope Ellen Houck Mark E. McAleer Marcia Murray Meister Phyllis Ann Menna Marilyn Louise Miller NURSING Kristin Jean Anderson Helen Beal Bair Juanita Karen Balll Donna Marie Barber Sonia C. Bibeau Connie Ruth Blonder Teresa Haberland Branly Charlotte Anne Brown Deidre Harrison Cable Shirley Grady Carbone Suzan June Clark Nancy Ann David Patricia Ann DeLeo Mary Grace DeSisto Linda Patoni Diorio Diane Ardell Dube Carolyn Ellis Dudley Linda Sue Ellie Janet Ranay Fujarczyk Valerie Snell Funkey Sharon Ann Glamuzina Susan R. Grady Dorothy L. Handville Patricia Anne Hansel Rebecca Gail Hartley Peggy Henley Heifner Frankie J. Holliday Sandra Lee Huffman Mary Lee Hutton Barbara Ellen lrza Deborah Johnson Donna Lee Justynski Madonna Lynn Koessler Sijtje Kokmeijer Diane Patricia Koutalakis Patricia Dean Kuhn Kathleen Mary LaFrance Karla Jean Layerd Priscilla Jane Lessard Judith Ann Lombardo B. Jane Maleck Ruth Linda McCorkendale Marie Anne McGrattan Shela C. McMichael Mary Jo Mueller Sherry Sanders Murphy Gregg D. Paruolo Mary Frances Potts Mary Lou Powell Carole S. Presley James Michael Pummer Judy Gayle Renaldo Hollis Chard Roberts Tyia Ellen Rodgers Darlyne Schroerlucke Joanne Ella Sheldon Christina Anne Sherry Terry Michael Solomon Mary K. Spieker Barbara Jean Sprissler Patsy Allen Strickland Willie James Striggles Deborah Lynn Stubing Nancy Dettinger Souther Joan Dorothy Thauvette Mary Beth Thompson Kathleen Sheridan Wacaster Jean S. West Cynthia Ann Wheatley Teresa K. White Alice Cornelius Wilder Joyce Van Buren Woodcock POLICE SCIENCE Robert Hooper Edward Ray Hudson Donald Clair Skinner Donald T. de La Vergne PRE-LAW ENFORCEMENT Raymond Jackson PR E-MUSIC EDUCATION Becky Jo Frogge Calvin Lewis Glover Karen Lynn Holt Irene Helen Horzepa Teddy Wayne Parrish PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION John Lewis Barbara Jessie M. Johnson, Sr. RESPIRATORY THERAPY Thomas Charles Cianfrani Susan Gagen Deitemeyer Jack L. Gallie Joyce M. Geddes Linda Lee Hockey Gregory Robert Jackson Donald Clair Montgomery George Summers Lorraine Warren William Patrick Wallis CERTIFICATE PROGRAMS SECRETARIAL PROGRAM Michelle Marana CLERICAL TYPIST PROGRAM Brenda Janise Hurst Marilyn A Solano FIRE SCIENCE PROGRAM Lester M Ayres David W Balthaser Frank James Dodd Fred R Henry POLICE SCIENCE Douglas W Dixon Timothy W Mlmck Edward Joseph Moss Mackinley Smith Robert W Solomon Donald T de La Vergna Russel Murl Whetstone PRIVATE NURSING SCHOOLS KINDERGARTENS PROGRAM Anna Marne Addonlzio Ernestlne Boatwrlght Virginia Anne Caron Judith Ann Champeau Valita Chrostowski Arleen Gordon Rose Marie Ann Marhefke JoAnn M Ta lor Leon England Editorial Board Feature Editor Jan Harrelson Graphics Editor Kevin Deland Kevin Deland Jan Harrelson Lisa Papa Nancy Mixon Graphics Board Steve Selpal Lisa Papa Jan Harrelson Mark Sherman Photography Editor Kevin Delano Kevin Bedfor Photographers Feature Vliriters I Contributing Writers Adviser Ron Cunningham JanlHarrelson 'Tony De La Cova Betty Owen Lisa Papa ' Janis Mara Ron Cunningham Dave Patrick Nancy Mixon Debbie Dishman Lisa Papa Debbie Franza Jane Hamilton Marky Kelly Larry Lockhart Pam Nlara Vincent Occhigrosso Dave Patrick Stephanie Poe - Administration Board of Trustees Dr. A. Hugh Adams, President Judson A. Samuels, Chairman Dr. Clinton D. Hamilton, Vice President George E. Mayer, Vice Chairmal Dr.. Harry Smith, Executive Dean, Central Campus Clem E. Bininger Dr. Horace Hartsell, Executive Dean, North Campus Walter Young Dr. John F. Morack, Dean of Business Affairs Sheldon Schlesinger I Dr. George Young, Dean of Student Affairs Mr. Willard Kempton, Chairman, Central Campus Division of Communications Dr. George Griffith, English Department Head, Central, Campus Mr. Bernard Campbell, English Department Head, North Campus Silver Sands is a biannual publication produced by the students of Broward Community College and funded through the Student Activities Board. Opinions expressed by individual' writers are not necessarily those of the staff, faculty, or Administration. . .1 r -,,., qlm V 1 if 1 5- X f -P .P o III, 'E 'H - 8 11 1 v 11 va K, f , ,, ,, 'hr- Q I Nlvvuh. 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