Botetourt High School - Post Yearbook (Gloucester, VA)

Text from Pages 1 - 92 of the 1926 volume:

The DUAL Annual cl Al chilles — B otetourt High Schools GLOUCESTER COUNTY VIRGINIA Editorial Staff _Editor-in-Chief _Assistant Editors _Business Manager Assistant Business Manager _Treasurer J. Walter Kenney_ E. D. Flory, J. E. Smith W. L. Creasy_ D. J. Berger_ Ernest Hambrick_ TO THE MOTHERS AND FATH¬ ERS WHO HAVE LABORED SO UNTIRINGLY FOR THE EDU¬ CATIONAL WELFARE OF THEIR CHILDREN AND THEIR NEIGH¬ BORS’ CHILDREN AND TO ALL CITIZENS WHO HAVE AIDED IN BRINGING OUR SCHOOL SYS¬ TEM TO SUCH A HIGH STAND¬ ARD OF EXELLENCE, DO WE AFFECTIONATELY DEDICATE THIS VOLUME. 2 The DUAL EDITORIAL Gloucester County is built upon a past beautiful and sanctified by a true patriotism and a holy devotion to service. In times past, when her fields ran red with the sacred blood of her young manhood, she bore up patiently and bravely. In every conflict in which our country has engaged Gloucester has sent the flower of her youth to battle for the right, and in every instance the noble young men played the part of the true and brave Virginians that they were. If brave men and virtuo us women make a county great, then Gloucester is great, indeed. Though rich in the glories of the past, happy and prosperous in the present, she has caught the spirit of progress and looking into the future she sees the vision of a better day and by following conservatively the star of hope, with an unfaltering faith and courage, our county will ere long be great in every way beyond the expectation of the most sanguine. We boast of a splendid climate, fertile soil, a happy and intelli¬ gent citizenry. Our people still cling to the landmarks as their guide and stay. The true reverence for the higher and more lasting things is evidenced by them upon every occasion. Faith in God, love for country, a fine belief in the Fatherhood of God and the Brotherhood of man are taught around the fireside, in the Sunday Schools and from the pulpit. Our system of public schools is improving rapidly. Consolida¬ tion has brought about increased efficiency. The school buildings and other physical equipment measures up well with the sister counties of the State. Our two modern high schools, with excellent faculties, are doing a fine piece of constructive work. These two high schools have been recently the recipients of most favorable comment from both the State Department and the Federal Bureau of Education. Four¬ teen per cent of our white school population is in the high schools. These schools are yearly sending young men and young women into the different fields of usefulness, a large percentage continue their education in higher institutions of learning. The community leagues 3 The DUAL are doing a wonderful service in the matter of improving the grounds and buildings. Pride in their schools is one of the many virtues of our people. Gloucester is one of the pioneers in organizing a Chamber of Commerce with a paid up membership of nearly two hundred repre¬ sentative citizens, the organization is already being felt as a great power for the general advancement of the county. Our transportation facilities are far above the average. We are in close proximity to New York. Washington, Baltimore, Richmond, Norfolk and Newport News. Our local ferry, owned by Mr. W. T. Ashe, one of our most public spirited men, is unsurpassed by any in the State. The service offered is all for which one could wish. Her capacity is thirty automobiles and her equipment is second to none. Noted for her beautiful water fronts, Gloucester is fast becoming a summer resort for the cities around. “Little Richmond,” a colony of twenty-five summer homes, is owned by Richmond business and professional men, who drive down for week ends. Good roads, good schools, good churches, happy homes, an in¬ dustrious citizenry, characterize Gloucester County. With a con¬ tinued spirit of co-operation we shall reap if we faint not. The Dual takes this opportunity to thank all patrons, students, friends, who have made it possible for this edition to be published. 4 The DUAL HON. HARRIS HART State Superintendent of Public Instruction. 5 The DUAL J. WALTER KENNEY, B. A., Superintendent R. M. i., University of Richmond, College of William and Mary. The DUAL H. E. HUTCHESON Chairman, Gloucester County School Board. 7 The DUAL MARTHA ELSIE KEMP Clerk, Gloucester County School Board. 8 The DUAL W. H. TREVILIAN Member, Gloucester County School Board. 9 The DUAL R. F. HEYVVOOD Member, Gloucester County School Board. 10 ACHILLES HIGH SCHOOL BUILDINC The DUAL ACHILLES HIGH SCHOOL FACULTY FACULTY JESSE E. SMITH, Principal Science Graduate, Charlotte Hall School. St. John’s College. University of North Carolina and William and Mary, Summer Sessions. Exp.—three years: Gloucester. MRS. MILTON T. HARRIS, A. B. Professor Mathematics A. B. Washington College. William and Mary, Summer Session. Exp.— thirteen years: Gloucester. MISS GERALDINE ROWE Professor Languages and History Graduate, Achilles High School. William and Mary College. William and Mary, Summer Sessions. Exp.—two years: Gloucester. MISS HAWSIE ROWE Professor of English Graduate, Achilles High School. William anid Mary College. Exp.- four years: Gloucester. 12 The DUAL FACULTY DAVID J. BERGER, B. S. Professor of Agriculture B. S. Virginia Polytechnic Institute. Exp.—three years: Gloucester. MISS IVA V. HARRISON Professor of Home Economics Graduate, Syringa High School. Graduate, Farmville State Teachers College. Exp.—two years: Gloucester. MISS RUTH M. CLARK Sixth and Seventh Grades (Dept. Work) Graduate, Newport News High School. Fredericksburg State Teachers College. Exp.—one year: Gloucester. MISS HATTIE ASHE Sixth and Seventh Grades (Dept. Work) Farmville State Teachers College. William and Mary, Summer Ses¬ sion. Exp.—fourteen years: Norfolk and Gloucester. MISS KATHLEEN TEMPLEMAN Sixth Grade Graduate, Achilles High School. William and Mary, Summer Sessions. Exp.—three years: Gloucester. MISS BERTHA LEWIS Fifth Grade Graduate, Achilles High School. William and Mary, Summer Sessions. Exp.—four years: Gloucester. MISS KATIE KEMP Fourth Grade Graduate, Botetourt High School. Fredericksburg State Teachers Col¬ lege and William and Mary, Summer Sessions. Exp.—six years: Middlesex and Gloucester. MISS DAISY DAVIS Third Grade Graduate, Achilles High School. Harrisonburg State Teachers College and William and Mary, Summer Sessions. Exp.—six years: Gloucester. MISS BERTHA HAYES Second Grade Farmville State Teachers College and Fredericksburg State Teachers College, Summer Sessions. Exp.—eighteen years: Gloucester. MISS LESBIA ROWE First Grade University of Virginia and William and Mary, Summer Sessions. Exp.—twenty-one years: Gloucester. 13 The DUAL SENIOR CLASS OFFICERS OF SENIOR CLASS President_Wilbur Wilburn Vice-President_Mary Hogge Secretary_Margaret Corbell Treasurer_Margaret Shackelford 1 + The DUAL JUNIOR CLASS OFFICERS OF JUNIOR CLASS President_ Vice-President Secretary _ Treasurer_ _Sadie Rowe ._Katie Hogge Robert Fary Robert Tillage 15 The DUAL Xu 8 JB if Bui 5 jjgkj Xd . -mkl LxjV V«r f to m r kv j SOPHOMORE CLASS OFFICERS OF SOPHOMORE CLASS President_ Vice-President Secretary _ Treasurer_ _Ruth Rilee .Minnie Hogge Lucille Dudley _Odell Blake 16 The DUAL FRESHMAN CLASS OFFICERS OF FRESHMAN CLASS President_ Vice-President Secretary _ Treasurer_ -Raymond Hogge Everette Edwards ._Edster Williams _Lucena Berry 17 The DUAL HOME ECONOMICS CLUB, ACHILLES HIGH SCHOOL Motto: “Home is what we make it.” Flower: Spanish Needles. Faculty Advisor: Miss Iva M. Harrison. OFFICERS OF THE CLUB President_ Vice-President Secretary _ T reasurer _ Reporter_ _Olis Williams Margaret Corbell — Elizabeth Ward _Katie Hogge -Sadie Rowe MEMBERS OF CLUB Louise Ambrose Isabelle Bonniville Margaret Corbell Laura Fones Katy Hogge Elizabeth Ward Mary Hogge Alice Rowe Ruth Rowe Sadie Rowe Stella Rowe Margaret Shackleford Sallie Smith Josephine Thomas Lady Thornton Robbie Tillage Olis Williams 18 The DUAL HOME ECONOMICS OR HOME MAKING Iva M. Harrison Home-making is the oldest, best known and most inclusive pro¬ fession the world has ever known. Because it is largely a labor of love, beyond the province of commercialized calculation, it has not received the recognition awarded other skilled professions from State and national bodies. The home should be the centralizing power of all that love and hope and joy are capable of bringing together. To teach how a home may best be conducted is the purpose of home economics in the schools. It means the application of science to the preparation of food, the cleaning of the home and the clothing of the family. It means that the nation recognizes the importance of good homes and has directed its schools to provide more skilled workers and more efficient managers for them. It means that the housewife is to be trained for her work as a doctor or lawyer is trained for his profession. The home maker, more than any other individual, is governed by circumstances, conditions and environment. One of the greatest re¬ sources of the home-maker is the ability to meet all of the foregoing conditions and emergencies graciously and efficiently. Upon woman, the chief spender, depends the wise or unwise apportionment of the income to the vario us needs of the family— shelter, food, clothing, etc. The girl of today, whether or not her future sphere of activity shall be in the field of business, teaching or home-making, must assume her share of responsibility in the business of spending either her own income, or that of others. It is the custom of the home economics class to make a budget or plan for spending the income so that the income may be expended intelligently and judiciously. Briefly, the aims of Home Economics are: 1. To develop technical skill, managerial ability. 2. To develop a desire for beauty in physical surroundings. 3. To develop a desire for doing every task well. 4. To train in wise expenditure of time, strength, energy and money. 5. To teach a girl to accept responsibility. 6. Make health a matter of course and not of accident. 7. To teach a girl to utilize every particle of energy, ability and brains to aid her community. 8. Happiness is a duty. 9. Service to others brings satisfaction. 10. To teach the girl to be efficient and to be able to secure the maximum results with minimum waste. 19 The DUAL THRIFT CLUB OFFICERS OF THRIFT CLUB President-Tom Harris Vice-President-Robert Fary Cashiers-Nathan Belvin, Frances Hogge 20 The DUAL AGRICULTURAL DEPARTMENT D. J. Berger, Achilles High School The work in vocational agriculture was started at Achilles during the session of 1923-24 on part time basis by Mr. Ernest Hambrick, the agricultural instructor at Botetourt High School. During that session, twelve boys were enrolled, reporting a total profit of $873.23. The session of 1924-25 found the work still on part time basis with Mr. Hambrick and Mr. Creasy in charge. Twenty-four boys took up the work that session and reported profits to the amount of $2152.50. The object of the course in Agriculture is to train those boys who are likely to remain on the farm in the best methods of farming, keeping in mind the local conditions in order that the boys may become more efficient farmers and more influential leaders in their community. One important phase of this work is the home project. Each boy has a certain farm enterprise for which he is held responsible. The student is required to keep records of expenditures, labor, gross and net receipts. Shop work is emphasized, giving the boy a working knowledge of the tools and implements used especially on the farm. He is taught to make useful articles for the convenience of the farm and home. There are now twenty-eight boys taking this work. The agricultural department has taken up poultry work with the ladies of the community, resulting in weekly classes for the study of poultry. A great deal of interest is being manifested by the ladies. Other adult classes will be organized along lines helpful to the farmers and housekeepers. 21 The DUAL ACHILLES HIGH SCHOOL LITERARY TEAM Top—Wilbur Wilburn, Robert Fary, Raymond Hogge, Claude Carmine. Middle—Olis Williams, Annie Roberts, Ruth Rilee. Bottom—Mary Hogge, Margaret Corbell, Alice Rowe, Robbie Tillage. 99 The DUAL BASEBALL TEAM OFFICERS OF BASEBALL TEAM Captain_Bernard Harris Manager_Raymond Hogge 23 the DUAL BOYS’ BASKETBALL TEAM OFFICERS OF BOYS’ BASKETBALL TEAM Captain-Tom Harris Manager_Frances Hogge 24 The DUAL GIRLS’ BASKETBALL TEAM OFFICERS OF GIRLS’ BASKETBALL TEAM Captain . Manager Mary Hogge Katie Hogge ACHILLES GRAMMAR SCHOOL The DUAL ACHILLES HIGH SCHOOL CALENDAR 1925-26 Sept. 11—School Opened. Sept. 14—League Meeting. Oct. 12—League Meeting. Oct. 23—Football Game. Nov. 3—Hallowe’en Social. N ov. 6—Football Game. Nov. 9—League Meeting. Nov. 13—Seniors Entertained Faculty and Superintendent. Nov. 25-30—Thanksgiving Holiday. Dec. -I—League Meeting. Dec. 8—Musical at Achilles. Dec. 18—Basketball Game. Dec. 18—Musical at Martins. Dec. 23—Xmas Entertainment. Dec. 23-Jan. 4—Xmas Vacation. Jan. 4—School Opened. Jan. 11—League Meeting. Jan. 13—Presented Musical at Walter Reed. Jan. 15—Basketball Game. Jan. 15—Presented Musical at McGruder. Jan. 27-29—Examinations. Feb. 1—Second Term Work Begins. Feb. 8—League Meeting. Feb. 22—Mid-Winter Debate. March 8—League Social. March 8—Essay Contest. March 10—Literary Contest at Botetourt. March 12—Literary Contest at Achilles. March 19—Musical at Seaford. April 12—League Meeting. April 14—Baseball Game, Morrison-Achilles, at Morrison. April 23—Baseball Game, Botetourt-Achilles, at Achilles. April 28—Arbor Day Observance. April 30—Annual Field Day. May 10—League Meeting. May 19—Baseball Game, Morrison-Achilles, at Achilles. June 6—Baccalaureate Sermon. June 7—Debate. June 8—Class Night. June 9—Commencement Exercises. 27 The DUAL HIGH SCHOOL ELECTION, ACHILLES MARCH 4, 1926 1. Best all-round student (boy)_Robert Fary 2. Best all-round student (girl)_Annie Roberts 3. Hardest worker_Louise Ambrose 5. Most refined girl_Elizabeth Ward 5. Most ambitious (boy)_Bernard Ambrose 6. Most ambitious (girl)_Ruth Rilee 7. Best athlete (boy)_Tom Harris 8. Best athlete (girl)_Katy Hogg 9. Most handsome boy_Odell Blake 10. Prettiest girl_Lucena Berry 11. Most popular boy_Billy Heywood 12. Most popular girl_Alice Rowe 13. Greatest bluffer_Vernon Bray 14. Leading flapper-Audrey Hall 15. Champion cake-eater_Frances Hogg 28 The DUAL WHY STUDY LATIN? Miss Geraldine Rowe Latin has long been spoken of as a dead language. While it is true that Latin as it was spoken by the Romans and by the learned people of the Middle Ages is not heard today, so it is equally true that the English of Alfred the Great and of Chaucer does not live in the speech of the twentieth century. However, Latin is not a dead language. It still lives today in slightly changed forms. These changes are due to the influence of time, location, the character of the native stock upon which it was grafted and various other circum¬ stances. The Latin language and literature are living roots out of which our own language and literature grow. The old and the new are inseparable; each is a part of the other. As the centuries have gone by, Latin has gradually changed and become diversified into the dialects known as the Romance Lan¬ guages, namely, French, Spanish, Italian, Portuguese and Roumanian. In its various modern forms, Latin is used as the official language by nearly two hundred millions of people. A practical subject increases the mental and intellectual efficiency of boys and girls, regardless of their occupation in life. Latin is a practical language because through English we use it every day. The study of Latin is a help to the understanding of English grammar. The importance of the correct use of one’s native tongue should not be underestimated. It is the mark which distinguishes culture from lack of it. Latin compels one to study English. By working out carefully the structure of a Latin sentence, one gains better knowledge of the structure of an English sentence. Latin has increased immensely the English vocabulary. Out of a hundred thousand words in English, sixty thousand are said to be of Latin origin. H ow did the English language get these Latin words? In 1500, the beginning of the modern English period, throughout most of the countries of Europe had swept what is known as the “revival of learning” and scholars had with great enthusiasm taken up the study of ancient languages, especially Latin. England shared in the revival and great activity in writing began. The writers soon found the resources of English too meager for their needs and with the rich mine of Latin so conveniently at hand, they began to borrow words to help out. The result is that our language today is largely Latin. Even the French words in our language are derived from Latin. Latin is the source of many scientific terms and many modern inven¬ tions have names coined from Latin and Greek. Latin helps one to acquire and remember the meanings of a very large number of English words. From one Latin word there is a great number of derivatives. Take as an example the Latin 29 The DUAL word “facio,” meaning “to make” or “to do.” The different forms of this one word combined with prepositions and other words give us hundreds of English words whose meaning is readily shown by their derivation. Some very common derivatives of “facio” are man¬ ufacture, factor, factory, beneficent, malefactor, satisfaction, efficient, etc. By having a knowledge of Latin one knows the meanings of these words without having to consult a dictionary. A knowledge of Latin is a help in the spelling of many English words. It would not be possible for anyone with a fair knowledge of Latin to go amiss in either the spelling or the meaning of “emi¬ grant” or “immigrant.” It is a great help in spelling such words as culpable separate, and calendar. Latin is valuable in vocational study. It satisfies the needs of a commercial education more than any other foreign language. Sten¬ ographers, salesmen, business men, doctors, all need Latin. Such men need a vocabulary at their command. Vocabulary holds the key to success for men in the fierce competition of the commercial world today. Latin furnishes pre-vocationa l training for every profession or occupation in which technical terms are used or knowledge of good Eng.ish is necessary. Latin is a live factor in Mental Insurance. A youth should be trained to observe accurately, record correctly, compare, group, and infer justly and express cogently the results of his mental operation. Latin will give this training. It develops carefully the reasoning and thinking powers of a person’s mind. Latin is exceedingly helpful in cultivating a language, sense, equally useful in learning any second foreign language. It is very valuable in the study of Spanish and French, for they have been called the “daughters of Latin.” We should study Latin for its cultural values. Latin literature opens up a great world of knowledge which offers unequalled oppor¬ tunities for culture. In all the world’s history there is no more wonderful or interesting people than the Romans. For centuries they practically ruled the world and their influence among the great nations even today is impossible to estimate. It is in the Latin literature that the life of this people is revealed to us. To know what our world is today we must know what it was in former times. This is the value to us of the Romans and their language and their literature. Just as the English language has absorbed a large part of the Latin language, so has English liter¬ ature of the last four centuries borrowed freely from the Latin literature. Mathew Arnold has said that in education it is above all things necessary that a man acquaint himself with the best that has been thought in the world; and we know that much of the best that has been thought in the world is to be found in Roman and Greek literature. 30 Botetourt High School The DUAL BOTETOURT HIGH SCHOOL 32 The DUAL BOTETOURT HIGH SCHOOL FACULTY FACULTY EARL D. FLORY, A. B., Principal Science A. B. Bridgewater College. University of Virginia, Summer Session. Exp.—three years: Rocky Gap, Clintwood and Gloucester. ERNEST HAMBRICK, B. S. Professor of Agriculture B. S. West Virginia University. Ohio State University and William and Mary, Summer Sessions. Exp.—seven years: Elkhorn, Halifax, Rio Grand and Gloucester. WILLIAM L. CREASY, B. S. Professor of Agriculture B. S. Virginia Polytechnic Institute. University of West Virginia and University of Virginia, Summer Sessions. Exp.—ten years: West irginia and Gloucester. MISS MARGIE P. CLEMENTS, A. B. Professor of English A. B. Flora MacDonald College. University of Virginia and William and Mary, Summer Session. Exp.—thirteen years: Scottsville and Gloucester. 33 The DUAL FACULTY MRS. I. M. ANDERTON Professor of Mathematics Graduate, Blackstone College. University of Virginia and William and Mary, Summer Sessions. Exp.—twenty-two years: Gloucester. MISS JENNIE WOOD WARREN Professor of French and History Graduate, White Stone High School. William and Mary College, Win¬ ter Sessions. Exp.—two years: Oraville and Gloucester. MISS ANNA G. HUDSON, B. S. Professor of Home Economics B. S. William and Mary College. Exp.—one year: Gloucester. MISS LUCY ROBINS Seventh Grade Graduate, Hayes High School. William and Mary, Summer Sessions. Exp.—seven years: Gloucester. MRS. EARL D. FLORY, A. B. Seventh Grade A. B. Bridgewater College. Exp.—one year: Gloucester. MISS DOROTHY SMITH Sixth Grade Graduate, Botetourt High School. William and Mary, Summer Sessions. Exp.—four years: Gloucester. MISS ROBERTA BROWN Fifth Grade Graduate, Botetourt High School. William and Mary, Summer Ses¬ sions. Exp.—four years: Middlesex and Gloucester. MISS LUCILE JOHNSON Fourth Grade Graduate, Buckingham High School. Farmville State Teachers Col¬ lege, Summer Sessions. Exp.—‘four years: Buckingham and Gloucester. MISS LILA W. SINCLAIR Third Grade Graduate, Botetourt High School. Graduate, Farmville State Teachers College. University of Virginia, Summer Session. Exp.—five years: Han¬ over, Newport News and Gloucester. MISS E. LINWOOD STUBBS Second Grade Graduate, Farmville State Teachers College. University of Virginia and Harrisonburg, Summer Sessions. Exp.—twenty-two years: Mathews, Hampton, Accomac and Gloucester. MISS ELOISE MINOR First Grade Graduate, Hayes High School. William and Mary, Summer Sessions. Exp.—five years: King and Queen and Gloucester. 3 + The DUAL SENIOR CLASS OFFICERS OF SENIOR CLASS President_Willis Weaver Vice-President_Jean Brown Secretary and Treasurer_Cassie Muse 35 The DUAL JUNIOR CLASS OFFICERS OF JUNIOR CLASS President-Marie Sears Vice-President-J oe Folkes Secretary and Treasurer-Emily Thurston 36 SOPHOMORE CLASS OFFICERS OF SOPHOMORE CLASS President_William Smith Secretary-Maxine Pointer Vice-President_Harriett Stubbs Treasurer-Eleanor Field OFFICERS OF FRESHMAN CLASS President_Van Name Allmond Secretary and Treasurer__Charlie Thrift Vice-President__Betty Lewis The DUAL HOME ECONOMICS CLUB OFFICERS OF HOME ECONOMICS CLUB President_ Vice-President Secretary _ Treasurer_ Reporter_ _ Emily Thurston _Marie Sears _ Bernice Streagle _Rose Phillips Margaret Nuttall MEMBERS OF CLUB Emily Thurston Marie Sears Bernice Streagle Rose Phillips Margaret Nuttall Mary Chapman Louise Clements Eunice Clements Florence Rilee Hilda Riley Marcella Oliver Elizabeth Dowling Elizabeth Weaver Elizabeth Farinholt Lillian Emerson Mabel German Elva Gwyn Margaret Hogge Lillie Streagle Sara Thurston Lawrence Tobin H arrion Bridges HONORARY MEMBERS Kathryn Seward Welford Perrin Jean Brown Mary Robins Cassie Muse 39 The DUAL HOME ECONOMICS DEPARTMENT Anna G. Hudson There is a two year course of Home Economics offered at Botetourt. Due to college entrance requirement—the limit being two years of Home Economics—further study during the secondary period of education is not promoted. In September there were twenty-two students—and since that lime five additional pupils have been added to the classes. Some people may ask—first, what do you study in a course of Home Economics, Domestic Science or Household Arts—-my answer -“Home Economics, as a distinctive subject of instruction, is the study of the economic, sanitary and aesthetic aspects of food, clothing and shelter as connected with their selection, preparation and use by the family in the home or by other groups of people.” Home eco¬ nomics, like many other subjects of instruction, is a complex—and as above stated in it are grouped all the ideas of food, clothing and shelter. Among contributing subjects are art, history, anthropology, sociology, aesthetics, economics, physiology, hygiene, mathematics, chemistry, physics, and biology. There are three approaches to the subject of Home Economics—namely cultural, technical, or voca¬ tional and the grade of instruction—primary, secondary, or advanced. The course of study being adapted to the group. Many people think only of sewing and cooking when the subject of Home Economics is discussed—that may be well enough—but if that is true—I can only state: “For most people the home is the beginning and end of life. All their activities proceed from it and return to it. Therefore, of all the arts, those pertaining to home¬ making are the most important and of all the sciences those which find their application in the home, making us intelligent about the home and its needs, are the most significant.” This brings to our minds the real purpose of education—To learn to do better those desirable things which we are most likely to do anyway in after life. So we will agree that sewing and the other things taken up in our course of study are essential. It is said that a well-groomed girl stands a better chance of getting along in this world, and is better able to serve her country, than the girl who is careless in her appearance—this same statement is true about the boy, however, we do not overlook the idea of character and per¬ sonality; these, as well, have their place. There is much discussion about the balanced meal, the influence of age, sex, and occupation, as well as cost based on nutritive value. Tables of “equivalents in nutritive values,” “what ten cents will 40 The DUAL buy,” and food charts showing chemical composition of food materials are widely used. This and other scientific phases of Home Econom¬ ics—according to food analysis is known as the chemistry of foods. Dr. Isabel Bevier states: “That home economics has a large contribution to make to the new home, some of which are: the technique of many processes used in it; ability to see the parts in relation to the whole; a discriminating sense of values; adaption. Many women seem to have been turned aside from the home, turned by the promise of greater free¬ dom and larger compensation, but that is only a passing phase—she (Dr. Isabel) believes that the age-old instincts will bring the same woman back to the home; that she will summon all the forces at her command and give to the new home and through it to the nation’s life moral sanity, mental poise, devotion to child and family life, and those spiritual elements which have ever constituted her best contri¬ bution. 41 The DUAL BOTETOURT HIGH SCHOOL HOME NURSING CLASS The DUAL BOTETOURT HIGH SCHOOL AGRICULTURAL CLUB The DUAL VOCATIONAL AGRICULTURE E. Hambrick, Instructor Vocational Agriculture is a new department established in the high schools of the County in 1923, in co-operation with the State Board of Education and the Federal Board of Vocational Education. It is becoming one of the most valuable assets to the County in that it is bringing into the school system money that could not in any other way be obtained and it is offering to the boys of the County practical agriculture that they could not otherwise receive. When the department was first established the State Board of Education gave the County School Board $2,000 for classroom and classroom equipment and this has been added to from time to time as the need demanded. About $1,000 has been given to the Achilles High School besides other money that has been given to Botetourt High School. In addition to the above State contributions, the federal government pays one-third of the teachers’ salary, the State pays one-third, leaving the County to pay only one-third of the teachers’ salary, thereby making it a good proposition for the County as they have up to this time received as much or more money than they have put into it. Many of us may not know just what is meant by vocational agriculture. Every one that works for a living has some kind of vocation. It may be banking, law, medicine, carpentering or farm¬ ing. It is the means by which a living, food, clothes, and shelter, are obtained. Vocational agriculture has for its aim the training of boys for successful farming and leadership. This department, though young, is accomplishing a great deal with the boys. A few of the things that have been done are first home project work. The boys select some farm enterprise such as growing three to five acres of corn, and one to six acres of soy beans for seed, or it may be feeding and caring for fifty to five hundred hens. He starts each enterprise with the first job and he studies and puts into practice the best methods of handling each job. He keeps a complete record of all labor, expenses and production. The first year of the department was not a successful one by any means when measured by dollars and cents. There is a good reason for it. The students did not know or understand what it was all about and the teacher did not know each student’s abilitv to put over good home work. However, fair results were obtained. There were 34 boys who conducted home practice work. They fed and cared for 712 hens, incubated 3,400 eggs and grew 40 acres of crops. The products raised by the boys amounted to $4,071. Their expense was $1,707, giving them a net profit and labor income of 4 + ■The DUAL $2,364. This was the results of the year 1923 and 1924. Now, brighter things are coming for the years 1924 and 1925. There were 39 boys who completed their home practice work. These 39 boys fed and cared for 7,771 hens, incubated no less than 15.000 eggs, and grew more than 70 acres of crops. Their total yield of farm products was $20,221. Their expense for labor and feed, etc., was $11,108, leaving a net profit of $9,113. Their net profit plus what they allowed themselves for labor, gave them a total income of $10,638. The 39 boys put in an average of 266 hours on their home projects and received an average of $280 each. The enterprises that seem to be most profitable are poultry, dairying, corn and soy bean seed, and these enterprises are receiving special emphasis. We farmers hear a great deal about co-operation this day and time, and many of us believe that it is possihly the best solution to our economic problems, but the question has been what is the best method of handling the situation. I feel that the boys in Vocational Agriculture could teach us this much, that it pays to get together and work for the common good of all. In 1925 a number of the boys grew Laredo soybean seed. No one boy had a big crop. No one boy knew where he would find sale for his beans. So they got to¬ gether on the proposition. They decided to assemble their seed beans at the school building. One boy brought in a cleaning machine. These boys cleaned their beans and then they decided to market them co-operatively. As a result of this getting together, they sold their beans for $5.50 per bushel, and spent only 70 cents for advertising. They saved on advertising $5.60. They opened up a new market on the Eastern Shore from which they hope to draw a considerable busi¬ ness next year. As a result of this little undertaking the boys are planning on nearly sixty acres of Laredo seed beans this year. I think we can take off our hats to Gloucester County boys and bid them Godspeed. A new enterprise has been developed in the County, and we feel that the Vocational Department can claim most of the credit for it and that is the Capon enterprise. Three years ago we had a hard time to get fifty Capons in the county. The next year we were able to get in the neighborhood of 800. Last year we succeeded in getting around 1,500. The lowest price received for any of the birds was $3.00 each, and many have gone to $4 or more per bird. So this one enterprise brought into the County not less than $4,500. This year if all the people who say they are going to caponize birds carry out their purpose we can count on not less than five thousand. If we get five thousand capons in the County and prices remain good, this new enterprise will mean not less than $15,000 additional income to the County. A new method of reaching adult people in an educational way 45 The DUAL was put on this winter for the first time in the history of the County. By means of night schools at New Upton, Botetourt and Belroe about fifty or more people received instruction in some farm enterprise. The first night school started was at New Upton. The first meet¬ ings were not generally known and the attendance was rather small, but those who did come spread the news, and the attendance in¬ creased until we had fifteen to twenty-five people coming. These good people showed their appreciation by showering their hospitality to the teachers in the form of good, real excellent suppers, and we remember with all gratitude these heavily laden boards and hope to have them repeated next year. Our next attempt at night school was at Belroi, and this school showed great interest from the start. A keener interest in what we were trying to do has never been seen by the writers. These men and women came to receive information and when they got it they went back home and put it into practice. This was clearly demon¬ strated by more than one. Hen houses were remodeled, dry mash hoppers built, and balanced rations were fed to their hens. The next place was Botetourt. Our number was small, some¬ times running to ten, but usually around six or seven. However, a number of good practical things were worked out and we feel that should night school be conducted here next year, that these same men would be glad to come again. In writing up this history we have attempted to give you some of the best things first. But we think one of the best things yet is to come, and that is the organization at Belroi of “The Walter Reed Men’s Social Club.” This club has been organized only a short time but we do not hesitate to say that the men of that community are thoroughly carried away with it and each night sees new members coming in. We shall give you the purposes of the Club, and then let you judge what it is worth to any community. First —To develop a spirit of co-operation between neighbors. Second —To foster and work for the advancement of the com¬ munity and its members. Third —To furnish wholesome entertainment for its members. It is not the purpose of this Club to wring money from its mem¬ bers, but just enough is collected to pay for refreshments. It was 46 The DUAL decided that 25 cents per month dues would be collected in order to defray the expense of refreshments. Membership—Any white male citizen 18 years or over inter¬ ested in the advancement of the community is eligible to member¬ ship. The Club shall be non-partisan and non-sectarian. It, as a body, will not advance the candidacy of any office-seeker, but will support any organization or body of people working for the good of any community or for the County. The Club has a membership of twenty and the membership is growing and it is hoped that it will reach fifty within the next few months. 47 The DUAL BOTETOURT HIGH SCHOOL LITERARY TEAM Top—Lewis Gray, Willis Weaver, William Smith, William Jones. Bottom—Marie Sears, Elizabeth Gray, Cassie Muse, Elizabeth Dowling. The DUAL BASEBALL TEAM OFFICERS OF BASEBALL TEAM Captain_William Smith Manager_Clyde Gibbs 49 The DUAL BOYS’ BASKETBALL TEAM OFFICERS OF BOYS’ BASKETBALL TEAM Captain_Ellis Jarvis Manager_William Smith 50 r ie DUAL FOOTBALL TEAM OFFICERS OF FOOTBALL TEAM Captain_Willis Weaver Manager_Harvey Trevilian 51 The DUAL GIRLS’ BASKETBALL TEAM OFFICERS OF GIRLS’ BASKETBALL TEAM Captain-Ruby Hall Manager-Cassie Muse 52 BOTETOURT GRAMMAR SCHOOL The DUAL BOTETOURT HIGH SCHOOL CALENDAR 1925-1926 Sept. 10—-County Teachers’ Meeting. Sept. 11—Enrollment of Pupils. Sept. 11—Physical Inspection. Sept. 14—Class Work Begins. Sept. 14—Varsity Football Practice Begins. Sept. 23—School Day at County Fair. Sept. 28—School Opened After Fair. Oct. 2—Football Game at Botetourt; Achilles-Botetourt. Oct. 9—Report Book Issued to Pupils. Oct. 16—Football Game at Morrison; Botetourt-Morrison. Oct. 29—Football Game at Christ Church; Botetourt-Christ Church. Oct. 31—Hallowe’en Social. Nov. 6—Report Book Issued to Pupils. Nov. 6—Football Game at Botetourt; A chilles-Botetourt. N ov. 20—Football Game at Botetourt; Christ Church- Botetourt. Nov. 20—Football Season Closed. Nov. 25—Rev. D. W. Neff Addressed the Student Body. Nov. 25—Closed for Thanksgiving Holidays. N ov. 25—Members of Faculty Feave for Conference in Norfolk. Nov. 30—School Reopens After Holiday. Nov. 30—Boys’ Basketball Practice Begins. Dec. 4—Report Book Issued to Pupils. Dec. 4—Funcheon by Home Economic Class in honor Airs. Ora Hart Avery. Dec. 18—Basketball Game at Botetourt; Achilles-Botetourt— (boys). 54 The DUAL CALENDAR Dec. 18—Basketball Game at Botetourt; Achilles-Botetourt— (girls). Dec. 23—School Closed for Xmas Holidays. Jan. 4—School Reopened After Holidays. Jan. 8—Report Book Issued to Pupils. Jan. 15—Basketball Game at Achilles; Achilles-Botetourt. Jan. 22—District Conference of Principals and Superintendents. Jan. 27-29.—Examinations. Feb. 5—Report Book Issued to Pupils. Feb. 5—Basketball Game at Cobb’s Creek; Cobb’s Creek- Botetourt. Feb. 13—Valentine Social. Feb. 13—Entertainment by Curtis Publishing Company. Feb. 26—Basketball Game at Christ Church; Botetourt-Christ Church. March 5—Report Book Issued to Pupils. March 10—Literary Contest at Botetourt. March 12—Literary Contest at Achilles. March 12—Basketball Season Closes. March 15—Baseball Practice Begins. March 26—Baseball Game at Botetourt; Cobb’s Creek- Botetourt. April 2—Baseball Game at Morrison; Morrison-Botetourt. April 7—Hampton Quartet at Botetourt. April 9—Report Book Issued to Pupils. April 9—Baseball Game at Cobb’s Creek; Cobb’s Creek- Botetourt. April 16—Baseball Game at Botetourt; Christ Church- Botetourt. May 1-1—Annual Field Day. May 28—Baseball Game at Christ Church; Christ Church- Botetourt. June 5—Seventh Grade Commencement. June 6-—-Baccalaureate Sermon. June 7—Class Night. June 8—Commencement Exercises. 55 The DUAL HIGH SCHOOL ELECTION, BOTETOURT 1. Best All-Round Student (Boy)_Harvey Trevilian 2. Best All-Round Student (Girl)_Cassie Muse 3. Hardest Worker_Elizabeth Dutton 4. Most Refined Girl_Jean Brown 5. Most Ambitious (Boy)_Clyde Gibbs 6. Most Ambitious (Girl)_Eleanor Field 7. Best Athlete (Boy)_Walter Sears 8. Best Athlete (Girl)_Cassie Muse 9. Most Handsome Boy_Frederick Trevilian 10. Prettiest Girl_Harriet Stubbs 11. Most Popular Boy_William Smith 12. Most Popular Girl_Cassie Muse 13. Greatest Bluffer_Ellis Jarvis 14. Leading Flapper_Betty Lewis 15. Champion Cake-Eater_Frederick Trevilian 56 The DUAL THRIFT CLUBS OF BOTETOURT AND ACHILLES W. L. Creasy In the fall of 1924 an intensive study was made of the “spend¬ thrift” habits of the boys enrolled in vocational agriculture at Bote¬ tourt and Achilles High Schools by the agricultural teachers. These boys were found to be spending a large amount of money extrava¬ gantly, daily for candy, chewing gum, and soft drinks, etc. Their attention was called to wise spending and buying. Estimates were made out for many of the boys which showed that they were spending extravagantly from $100 to $200 per year. Mention was made of the future need of this money. By starting a savings account at the age of twelve or fifteen, the average boy would very likely have a bank account of $800 to $1,200 at the age of twenty-one. Would he likely need this amount to educate himself with, to purchase a farm, or to make some other investment? Would he not be more dependable, able to shoulder more responsibility? Would he not enjoy better health by refraining from eating so much trash? Allusions were made to such men as John D. Rockefeller and Henry Ford. They became successful by saving. Others became failures by spending time and money extravagantly. Success has al¬ ways depended, with individuals, on saving time and money, while failure has depended on the opposite, spending time and money. As an outgrowth of this study, on December 2, 1924, we organ¬ ized two Thrift Clubs, one in the Botetourt High School and one at Achilles High School. The following boys were members of the Thrift Club in the Botetourt High School in 1924 and 1925: Edward Chism Clyde Gibbs Herbert Waddell Brook Jones Malvin German Harry German Joe Folkes Meredith Roane Herbert Brown Edward Sterling Charlie Thrift William Smith Victor Schwery Elmo Broadus Wilbur Clements Floyd Gibbs George Nicolson Gilbert Robins William Harwood Fred Sterling Stafford Haga Charlie Claytor Vernon Walker John Haynes Lewis Gray Harvey Trevilian William Jones Willis Weaver Benjamin German Spencer Clopton Samuel Roane Robert Brown Van Name Allmond Maxwell Thrift 57 The DUAL Henry Hutcheson Clyde German William Streagle John Folkes Mitchel Tomlin Carol Clements Hallie Bristow Beverly Roane The present Club at Botetourt is the same with the exception of some of the boys who graduated, some changed schools, and others dropped out of school for various reasons. The Thrift Club at Achilles for 1924-1925: Nathan Belvin Frances Hogge Wyndham Hogge Paul Hogge Claude Carmine Arthur Hogge H arry Thornton Robert Bremner Walter Bremner Thomas Harris Bernard Flarris Robert Fary Martin Rowe Brandel Rowe Willis Thornton Bernard Ambrose Vivian White Wilbur Wilburn Aubrey Lillaston Odell Blake When these Thrift Clubs were started in 1924, only six boys had savings accounts. Through the good work of these clubs, with the beginning of the school session for 1925-26, sixty-three boys had saving accounts. From December, 1924, to June, 1925, fifty-seven of these boys deposited on savings accounts $887.00, a deposit of $126.71 per month, which amounts, previous to Thrift Club organi¬ zations, had been spent for candies, chewing gum, etc. Boys were urged to deposit consistently, even though the deposit was small. Deposits were from one penny up. The chief object being to form the habit of saving something each week. Banking takes place on Friday morning of each week, taking from ten to twenty minutes to conduct it. Both clubs were organized on the plan of banks, namely: Presi¬ dent, Vice-President, Secretary and Cashier. A ledger is kept of the business. The deposits are put up on the board and checked over carefully. Cashiers carry the bank books to the two banks in the village, and make the deposits. New cashiers are appointed every two weeks so as to bring all the boys in close relationship with the banks. Up to the present time the boys in these clubs have deposited $1,800 or a little better. They have dreams and visions which they expect this money to help them solve. One boy is saving money to help pay his way through college. His aim is good. Let us encour¬ age him. Look the Thrift Clubs over and pass your judgment on them. Remember that success depends on saving, and failure depends on spending extravagantly. 58 The DUAL GLOUCESTER COUNTY ALUMNI 1925 MARGARET BUNTING—Student, Avery College, Danville, Va. ELIZABETH BROWN—Training, Elizabeth Buxton Hospital, Newport News, Va. LORRAINE CARMINE—Wicomico, Va. LOIS HOGGE—Teaching, Naxera, Va. GLADYS HARRIS—Gloucester Point, Va. EVELYN JENKINS—Gloucester Point, Va. MARIE LILLASTON—Student, Fredericksburg State Teachers’ College, Fredericksburg, Va. REGINA ROWE—Mrs. Samuel Pierce, Baltimore, Md. HAZEL SHACKELFORD—Severn, Va. EVELYN SHACKELFORD—Severn, Va. VIRGINIA THORNTON—Student, Southern Shorthand and Business College, Norfolk, Va. KATHLEEN ANDERTON—Student, Randolph Macon College, Lynchburg, Va. ERMA BROWN—Student, William and Mary College, Williams¬ burg, Va. ELIZABETH CLEMENTS—Teaching, Glenns, Va. HELEN DAVIS—Student, Sullins College, Bristol, Va. LAURA FIELD—Student, William and Mary College, Williams¬ burg, Va. RUBY NYE—Student, Harrisonburg State Teachers College, Harrisonburg, Va. DOROTHY TREVILIAN—Student, Randolph-Macon College, Lynchburg, Va. EDWARD CHISM—Gloucester, Va. WITMER KERNS—Student, Fork Union Military Academy, Fork Union, Va. ELBERT MUSE—Student, Massey Business College, Richmond, Virginia. 1924 CHRYSTAL ALLMOND—Student, William and Mary College, Williamsburg, Va. HILDA BURTON—Student, Harrisonburg State Teac hers Col¬ lege, Harrisonburg, Va. ELIZABETH DECKER—Student, Fredericksburg State Teachers College, Fredericksburg, Va. CLAYTON FIELDS—Student, William and Mary College, Williamsburg, Va. ALMA FLETCHER—Student, Fredericksburg State Teachers College, Fredericksburg, Va. 59 The DUAL MARY GERMAN—Teaching, Cash, Va. ALICE GRAVES—Wicomico, Va. LOUISE HOGGE—Stenographer, Richmond, Va. HELEN LAMBERTH—Woods Cross Roads, Va. LUCILE LAMBERTH—Student, Fredericksburg State Teachers College, Fredericksburg, Va. CAMERON PHILLIPS—Student, Harrisonburg State Teachers College, Harrisonburg, Va. MARION RHODES—Teaching, Belroi, Va. CORA LEE ROBINS—Teaching, Woods Cross Roads, Va. GRACE SMITH—Student, William and Mary College, Williams¬ burg, Va. ETHEL TEAGLE—Stenographer, Gloucester, Va. MARGARET WADDELL—Teaching, Cologne, Va. MADGE GORDON WEAVER—Student, Westhampton College, Richmond, Va. CLAUDE BROWN—Teaching, Belroi, Va. NELSON BROWN—Student, William and Mary College, Wil¬ liamsburg, Va. LEWIS CLEMENTS—Gloucester Auto Sales Company, Glou¬ cester, Va. GEORGE DERIEUX—Student, University of Virginia, Char¬ lottesville, Va. RODGER DOWLING—Student, Virginia Polytechnic Institute, Blacksburg, Va. MARTIN DUNCAN—Florida. SAMUEL JANNEY—Student, Annapolis United States Naval Academy. JAMES BLAND MARTIN—Student, Randolph Macon College, Ashland, Va. WILLIE MUSE—Student, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia. BERNARD LEE ROBINS—Schley, Va. ROLAND ROBINS—Student, University of Richmond, Rich¬ mond, Va. JEFFERSON SINCLAIR—Naxera, Va. NORRIS THOMAS—Student, William and Mary College, Wil¬ liamsburg, Va. CURTIS THOMAS—Student, William and Mary College, Wil¬ liamsburg, Va. OSCAR FARY—Student, University of Richmond, Richmond, Va. MEAUX THORNTON—Achilles, Va. REETHIA BLAKE—Student, William and Mary College, Wil¬ liamsburg, Va. MATILDA HART—Bena, Va. HATTIE SMITH—Mrs. A. Y. Teavonpaugh, Achilles, Va. 60 The DUAL 1923 BOLTON BUNTING—Representing Crowell Publishing Co. RAYMOND OWENS—Newport News, Va. LOUISE LILLASTON—Teaching, Sadlers Neck, Va. BEATRICE ROWE—Achilles, Va. EUGENIA STERLING—Naxera, Va. HILDA STERLING—Naxera, Va. EVA LONG—Teaching, Severn, Va. BETTIE THOMAS—Teaching, Sadlers Neck, Va. THELMA THOMAS—Teaching, Severn, Va. KATHLEEN TEMPLEMAN—Teaching, Achilles, Va. CARLTON DUFF—Teaching. ERNEST EDWARDS—Woods Cross Roads, Va. SALLIE JONES—Training, University Hospital, Charlottesville, Virginia. OWEN KEMP—Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Com¬ pany, Newport News, Va. HAROLD NEWLAND—Student, William and Mary College, Williamsburg, Va. MARY PROCTOR—Dutton, Va. EARL RILEE—Auto Salesman, Richmond, Va. STEPHEN RILEE—Ark, Va. ADELLE ROWE—Clay Bank, Va. GUY SMITH—Student, William and Mary College, Williams¬ burg, Va. LOUISE DOWLING—Teaching, Hayes Store, Va. MILDRED HOGGE—Teaching, Oak Hill, Va. JENNIE FIELDS—Student, William and Mary College, Wil¬ liamsburg, Va. ELIZABETH HAYNES—Mrs. Marcus Row r e, White Marsh, Va. RUBY LILLASTON—Teaching, Phoebus, Va. 1922 SEARS DRISCOLL—Teaching, Goochland County, Va. LESBIA ROWE—Teaching—Samarcand, N. C. MAMIE ROWE—Teaching, Hayes Store, Va. BERNICE ROWE—Mrs. Aubrey Wh ite, Mathews, Va. GERALDINE ROWE—Teaching, Achilles, Va. BERTHA LEWIS—Teaching, Achilles, Va. RUTH CARMINE—Teaching, Hayes Store, Va. NETTIE HEYWOOD—Severn, Va. RUBY HEYWOOD—Teaching, Sadlers Neck, Va. MARTHA BRAY—Mrs. Scott, Florida. MARGARET MUSE—Teaching, Cologne, Va. DORIS RILEY—Graduate Nurse, Coke, Va. LUCY WILLIAMS—Teaching, Hayes Store, Va. ALPHEUS WILLIAMS—Teaching, McGruder, Va. 61 The DUAL 1922 JULIAN WILLIAMS—Traveling Salesman, Norfolk, Va. ELLEN TOBIN—Montgomery Ward Company, Baltimore, Md. CATHERINE WOODLAND—Roanes, Va. EARL GERMAN—Gloucester, Va. ORA GERMAN—Stenographer, Richmond, Va. NAOMI HUDSON—Pinetta, Va. EMMA MOORE—Mrs. Jasper Walker, Washington, D. C. FANNIE CATLETT—Student, Wellesley College, Mass. FRED B. CORR—-Student, University of Richmond, Richmond, Va. READE W. CORR—Student, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia. ELLA MUSE—Teaching, Gwyns Island, Va. 1921 DOROTHY SMITH—Teaching, Gloucester, Va. ELLEN STERLING—Mrs. Selden, Panama. EVELYN STUBBLEFIELD—Teaching, Syringa, Va. MATTIE TEAGLE—Telephone Company, Gloucester, Va. MINNIE WALKER—Teaching, New Upton, Va. ALTON LINDSAY—Teaching, York County, Va. BALDWIN PERRING—Electrical Engineer, Beaver, Pa. CAROLINE SINCLAIR—Teaching, Winston-Salem, N. C. EMILY SINCLAIR—Teaching, Hampton, Va. REBECCA JONES—Teaching, Delaware. MARY LEE JONES—Teaching, Hampton. EDITH FEZELL—-Teaching, Missouri. ALICE THORNTON—Teaching, Naxera, Va. HAWSIE ROWE—Teaching, Achilles, Va. BETTIE STERLING—Mrs. V. M. Sheppard, Caldwell, Va. MARY ROWE—Achilles, Va. MAY ASH—Mrs. John Poland, Gloucester Point, Va. EMMA CORR—Stenographer, C. O. R. R., Norfolk, Va. VERNELL FIELDS—Mrs. James Shackelford, Severn, Va. ALICE GREEN—Teaching, York County, Va. JENNIE HOGG—Mrs. Mortie Rowe, Hayes Store, Va. MABEL LEWIS—Mrs. John Wiggins, Newport News, Va. ELOISE MINOR—Teaching, Gloucester, Va. DOLLIE MUSE—Ordinary, Va. LOIS TRICE—Mrs. Ralph Riley, Hayes Store, Va. HARRY CARMINE—Student, William and Mary College, Wil¬ liamsburg, Va. ALLAN MINOR—Student, Virginia Military Academy. IRVING WILLETT—Teaching, Oak Hill, Va. GLADYS COLLIER—Mrs. Grayson Rudd, Washington, D. C. VERA CREWE—Wicomico, Va. ' MARIAN ROBINS—Mrs. Ischanion, Gloucester Point, Va. 62 The DUAL 1920 LOLITA LEWIS—Mrs. Marius Owens, Norfolk, Va. ELSIE MINOR—Mrs. Herman Buck, Glass, Va. MARY VAUGHAN—Mrs. Lewis Kemp, Richmond, Va. WILLIAM ROWE—Achilles, Va. NAOMI THORNTON—Student, East Radford College, East Radford, Va. MARY MANN CATLETT—Student, Wellesley College, Mass. ROSA M. FOLKES—Mrs. Catesby G. Jones, Gloucester, Va. MARY GRAY—Teaching, Roanoke, Va. WILLIE HUDSON—Traveling salesman, Newport News, Va. KATIE B. KEMP—Teaching, Achilles, Va. ELSIE KEMP—Mrs. William P. Kemp, Clerk of School Board, Gloucester, Va. DAVID LINDSAY—Lawyer, Gloucester, Va. ELLA MILLER—Mrs. Willie Grimstead, Norfolk, Va. HENLEY ROANE—Cash, Va. EILEEN SHACKELFORD—Teaching, Springfield, Mass. EDITH STERLING—Mrs. M. A. Waldrop, Teaching, Gooch¬ land, Virginia. SARAH STUBBLEFIELD—Stenographer, Baltimore, Md. HELEN WADDELL—Mrs. Thomas Thacker, Nelson County, Virginia. AMERICUS C. WIATT—Deputy Clerk, Gloucester, Va . 1919 ELIZABETH MOTT—Mrs. Catesby Field, Gloucester, Va. VIRGINIUS ROANE—Ensign United States Navy. LILA SINCLAIR—Teaching, Gloucester, Va. HELEN TREVILIAN—Mrs. Martin Kerns, Newport News, Va. PEARLE MOORE—Teaching, Remington, Va. FREDERICK JONES—Electrical Engineer, Lynn, Mass. WELFORD HOGGE—Electrical Engineer, West Virginia. ELSOM WRIGHT—Electrical Engineer, Kentucky. ROLAND OLIVER—Coke, Va. JOHN WILLIAMS—Public Accountant, Newport News, Va. JENNIE ROWE—Mrs. Hilton Foxwell, Richmond, Va. 1918 MAE THORNTON—Mrs. Cabot Williams, Gloucester Point, Va. CLARA THORNTON-—Teaching, King George, Va. JENNIE SHACKELFORD—Severn, Va. KATHRYN ROWE—Teaching, North Carolina. OPIE THOMAS—Mrs. Stanley Wallace, Severn, Va. IVYE REDD—Teaching, Portsmouth, Va. EBER BUNTING—Insurance Agent, Hayes Store, Va. 63 The DUAL JANE EDWARDS—Ordinary, Va. HELEN LEWIS—Mrs. Walter Weiss, Chicago, Ill. CARRIE MUSE—Mrs. Lynwood Vaughan, Cologne, Va. LAWRENCE OLIVER—Hopewell, Va. REBECCA WILLIAMS—Mrs. Charles, Pennsylvania. CARRIE WRIGHT—Mrs. Arthur Smith, Portsmouth, Va. BESSIE HOGGE—Mrs. Carl Mannix, Cappahosic, Va. ANNE LAMBERTH—Teaching, Henrico County, Va. MARY G. PHILLIPS, Student, Harrisonburg State Teachers ' College, Harrisonburg, Va. FRANCES ROBINS—Teaching, Ware Neck, Va. HELEN WIATT—Mrs. Packett, Norfolk, Va. ALMA BROOKING—Mrs. V. Pierce, Baltimore, Md. BERTHA CHAPMAN—Mrs. William Reinman, Baltimore, Md. VIRGINIA EASTWOOD—Telephone Exchange, Richmond, Va. ASHBY GRAY—Railroad Office, Columbia, Ohio. ELLA GRAY—Mrs. Jules Le Grand, Chicago, Ill. ZACK GRAY—Traveling salesman, Baltimore, Md. LELIA BROWN—Teaching, Church View, Va. HETTIE JONES—Stenographer, Gloucester, Va. ELLEN WIATT—VIrs. Olie Stephens, Warwick County, Va. HERBERT WIATT—Dentist, University of Virginia. BILLY GRAY—Signpine, Va. VIARY RILEE—Teaching, Richmond, Va. ELIZABETH ROBINS—Teaching, North Carolina. VIRGINIA MATTOX—Government Work, Washington, D. C. NELSON GRAY—Dentist, Alexandria, Va. BUFORD WADDELL—Teaching, Cobbs Creek, Va. ANDREW SHACKELFORD—Bookkeeper, Norfolk, Va. BUCHANAN THORNTON—Achilles, Va. WILLIE HALL—Bookkeeper, Norfolk, Va. EVELYN POINTER—Mrs. James C. Barnes, Norfolk, Va. NELIA HOGGE—Mrs. George DeHardit, Gloucester, Va. NELLIE HOGGE—Mrs. Moray, Berry, Pa. MABEL OLIVER—Mrs. Charles Hughes, Florida. NELLIE OLIVER—Mrs. Willie Bray, Michigan. MABEL SHACKELFORD—Mrs. Moody Tillage, Gloucester Point, Va. ADA WRIGHT—Mrs. Harvey Williams, Norfolk, Va. 1916 NINA MINOR—Mrs. Ryon Ransone, Dunnsville, Va. HYLAH MINOR—Stenographer, Richmond, Va. HOBART HALL—Glass, Va. LUCY ROBINS—Teaching, Gloucester, Va. VIARY WILLIAMS—Mrs. Gayle, Norfolk, Va. JULIA WILLIAMS—Stenographer, Newport News, Va. 64 •The DUAL 1916 CABOT WILLIAMS—Texaco Oil Co., Gloucester Point, Va. SAMUEL JENKINS—Teaching, Fauquier, Va. ADA RILEY—Mrs. Jones Oliver, Wicomico, Va. LAURA FARINHOLT—Mrs. James Phillips, Richmond, Va. LULIE FLEMING—Teaching, Norfolk, Va. STANLEY GRAY—Pharmacist, Gloucester, Va. CAREY AUGUSTA LAWSON—Stenographer, Gloucester, Va. EMELY V. MEREDITH—Mrs. Nelson, Richmond, Va. THELMA THOMAS—Mrs. Joe Brown, Schley, Va. LUTHER WOODLAND—Teaching, West Virginia. LINWOOD WOODLAND, Teaching, Harrington, Del. MARY S. WIATT—Mrs. Russell Gray, Teaching, Signpine, Va. 1915 WILBUR LEE—Baltimore, Md. LUCY MINOR—Mrs. E. W. Pointer, Ark, Va. JENNINGS HOGG—Merchant, Wicomico, Va. CORA WILLIAMS—Stenographer, Hayes Store, Va. KATE CLEMENTS—Mrs. C. Soles, Mathews, Va. GILES B. COOK—Student, University of Marvland. MARY DARE WHITE—Mrs. Simcoe, Norfolk, Va. LYDIA H. WHITE—Mrs. La Salle, Richmond, Va. THOMAS J. STERLING—C. O. R. R., Norfolk, Va. MARY E. EASTWOOD, Ark, Va. SADIE WALKER—Mrs. James Mayo, West Point, Va. MINNIE HOGGE—Mrs. John Spencer, Buckroe, Va. MARGUERITE M. WIATT—Mrs. Louis F. Hoy, Alexandria, Virginia. FITZHUGH JONES—Mining Engineer, Bolivia, South America. HILDROP TINSLEY—Student, Boston Tech., Boston, Mass. BESSIE LAMBERTH—Registered Nurse, Richmond, Va. AILEEN HAYES—Mrs. William C. Smith, Alexandria, Va. ESSIE SMITH—Mrs. G. O. Fenton, Portsmouth, Va. 1914 ELIZABETH ROWE—Mrs. Albert Reed Caro, Gainsville, Fla. CORNELIA THORNTON—Registered Nurse in U. S. Army, 1918. JOSEPHINE THORNTON—Achilles, Va. EUNICE CROSWELL—Mrs. J. Vaughan Gary, Richmond, Va. MALID FIELDS—Teaching, Navy Mine Depot, York County, Va. PEARL HOGG—Mrs. Hogg, Achilles, Va. EDNA MINOR—Mrs. Curtis, Lee Hall, Virginia. VASHTI TILLAGE—Mrs. Edward Anderton, Gloucester Point, Virginia. 65 r � e DUAL 1914 SALLY WILLIAMS—Mrs. Morris, Portsmouth, Va. HESTER FLEMING—Teaching, Norfolk, Va. LOUISE FLETCHER—Student, Mission Training School, Louis¬ ville, Kentucky. ANNE JONES—Student, William and Mary College, Williams¬ burg, Virginia. MARTHA SINCLAIR—Teaching, Alexandria, Va. EVELYN WOODLAND—Mrs. Harry Lupton, Pennsylvania. CARTER CATLETT—2nd Lt. Aviation Corps, U. S. A., Hawaii. CASPER FLETCHER—Dentist, Cincinnati, Ohio. ADDIE LEWIS—Washington, D. C. HILTON LINDSAY—American Motor Works, Richmond, Va. GEORGE TINSLEY—Capt. Aviation Corps, U. S. A. BERNARD WOODLAND—Merchant, Roanes, Va. JACK M. WIATT—Dentist, Gloucester, Va. 1913 ETHEL SMITH—Mrs. Hilton Linsay, Richmond, Va. MAUDE WHITE—Mrs. Claude Mills. MARGERY PHILLIPS—Mrs. M. T. Ball, Gloucester, Va. KATE GRAY—Mrs. L. D. Stables, Norfolk, Va. REBECCA STUBBS—Mrs. G. T. Mitchell, Norfolk, Va. ESTHER TUTTLE—Mrs. W. W. Allmond, Allmondsville, Va. EDWARD FIELD—American Expeditionary Force. ELIZA CLEMENTS—Mrs. W. L. Ball, Scottsville, Va. HUGH WHITE—Teaching, Suffolk, Va. 1912 LOUISE BRAY—Teaching, Glenn Allen, Va. GRANVILLE MINOR—Virginia Highway Commission, Rich¬ mond, Virginia. MARIE LAM BERTH—Woods Cross Roads, Va. PEACHIE MOORE—Mrs. Martin Kerns. MARTHA BROADDUS—Mrs. Hugh Ware, Roanoke, Va. ADDIE WIATT—Stenographer, Baltimore, Md. 1911 EDWIN POINTER—Insurance, Gloucester, Va. FRANCES COOK—Teaching, Raleigh, N. C. MABLE WILLETT—Mrs. Walter Buck, Glass, Va. WALLACE WILLIAMS—Wicomico, Va. 66 The DUAL 1910 MARIE BRIDGES—Mrs. J. W. Smith, Hayes Store, Va. SALLY BRIDGES—Mrs. Hugh Simcoe, Norfolk, Va. LETTIE BROADDUS—Mrs. J. M. Thurston, Richmond, Va. FAY C. WIATT—Mrs. R. L. Rhodes, Hampton, Va. MARIA P. JONES—Mrs. Thomas Mele, New York. BILLIE DUNCAN—Texas. MINETREE FOLKES—Insurance, Norfolk, Va. MARY LEE FIELD—Mrs. Alex Todd Wyatt, Hampton, Va. Deceased. 67 Bank of Gloucester Capital and Surplus $100,000.00 COMMERCIAL BANKING SAVINGS DEPARTMENT TRUST DEPARTMENT MORTGAGES and INVESTMENTS A strong, progressive banking institution offering to the Students, Patrons and Faculties of the splendid public schools of Gloucester County every service and modern facility consistent with safe and conservative banking. OFFICERS J. M. Lewis_President J. T. DuVal_Vice-President and Trust Officer W. E. Corr_Vice-President J. R. Newcomb_Vice-President L. P. Corr_Cashier James Craig_Assistant Cashier Eliza L. Cary_Assistant Cashier Eliza A. Lee-Assistant Cashier DIRECTORS J. H. Martin W. E. Corr J. M. Lewis J. T. DuVal J. R. Newcomb W. T. Ashe Geo. E. Cary 68 W. A. ROBINSON GEO. E. LAWSON THOS. W. TURNER Delco Lights and Buick Cars Exide Batteries United States Tires l Gloucester Virginia ■ .hi; , v. .• .. • : -•; ■ i : • “THE LITTLE” FORD The car that gets you to school and home again genuine: ford batteries MICHELIN TIRES F. K. Shackleford Bro. Gloucester Virginia 69 T. HALL—J. 0. HALL PERRIN GAS ENGINE IVORKS GASOLINE ENGINES AND REPAIRS Machine Shops and Marine Railway Propeller Wheels Straightened Satisfaction Guaranteed Perrin, Virginia J. E. POINTER Dealer in HIGH CLASS GENERAL MERCHANDISE Davis Paints and Agent for Neva Perfection Oil Stoves Bena, Virginia W. A. NEWBILL MARINE RAILWAY and GENERAL REPAIRS Gloucester Point, Virginia H. N. PEMBERTON GENERAL CONTRACTING Wicomico, Virginia 70 Compliments ...of... GLOUCESTER PHARMACY L. V. MORGAN The Rexall Store P. W. SMITH, Jr. GENERAL MERCHANDISE Ball Brand Boots and Shoes Ware Neck, Vircinia MODERN DENTISTRY IN ALL BRANCHES Skillfully Done Dr. A. M. MARCHANT Gloucester C. H., Virginia TREVILIAN BROTHERS GENERAL MERCHANDISE Patronage Appreciated Hayes Store, Virginia 71 Belleworth-on-the-Y ork SEWARDS 1 POULTRY FARM Breeder . VI . ' S. C. White Leghorn Poultry English-Baron Strain f. ? 1 I if A ]• ii if jf if if f Birds are large and heavy producers of large white eggs � M. B. SEWARD, Owner Shipping Point: ALLMONDSVILLE, VA. 72 Belleworth-on-the-Y ork SEWARDS POULTRY FARM S. C. White Leghorn DAY CHIX ' r -T ;■ « t t| «r ii ' f -( r : ■ i !• ... Member International Baby Chix Association. All chix sold are from eggs produced :; ( 3 i„on this farm. ' i. . 4IW Service and Satisfaction Guaranteed. A part of your business will be appreciated. M. B. SEWARD, Owner Shipping Point: ALLMONDSVILLE, VA. 73 Lewis Robinson REAL ESTATE AND INSURANCE Old Established Agency Furnishing PROTECTION Home — Life — Property—A utomobile LEWIS ROBINSON, Agents Gloucester, Virginia Write Us Today! Tomorrow May Be Too Late! College of William and Mary Williamsburg, Virginia WINTER AND SUMMER SESSIONS Regular courses for Bachelor and Master degrees Special courses in Teacher Training, Pre-Medi¬ cine, Pre-Engineering, Home Economics, Juris¬ prudence, Business Administration, Physical Training, Etc. H. L. BRIDGES, Registrar J. A. C. CHANDLER, President Catalog sent upon request 74 Compliments —of— J. R. NICHOLSON CO. Use DREW THERMO BROODERS and PUTNEY SHOES For Service Selden, Virginia W. H. TREVILIAN ALADDIN LAMPS and SUPPLIES Ark, Virginia PEOPLES LIFE INSURANCE CO. E. W. POINTER, Supt. District Office Gloucester, Virginia T. J. WOODLAND SON GENERAL MERCHANTS Agents: Oliver Chilled Plows, Hurstex Hosiery IVoolsey Tung spar Varnish Roanes, Virginia -The— Tidewater Telephone Company 1 -f • - ' Direct connection by Long Distance Phones and Telegraph with all points. Our rates are moderate. TELEPHONES are no longer conveniences but necessities, y ■,: • v,r , jVL i AG.T ' .tOG A progressive, independent telephone company, oper¬ ated for the benefit and advancement of Tidewater Vir¬ ginia. Correspondence is I rTTted J. M. Lewis_Pres, and Gen. Manager H. E. Hutcheson_Secretary and Treasurer GLOUCESTER, VIRGINIA 76 PURE ICE Yorktown Ice and Storage Corp. BUILDERS SUPPLIES Cement Sewer Pipe Sand Septic Tanks Gravel Flue Lining Lime Well Pipe Plaster Brick Natco Tile Farm Drain Tile Sheet Rock Wall Board COAL Anthracite and New River Red Ash Branch Office: Hayes Store Gloucester Co. HAMILTON DOWLING, Branch Manager SCHEDULE Leave Gloucester Point Leave Yorktown 6:30 A. M. 12:15 P. M. 7:00 A. M. 12:30 P. M. 7:15 U 12:45 U 7:30 U 1:00 U 7:45 U 1:15 U 8:00 U 1:30 U 8:15 U 1:45 U 8:30 U 2:00 (C 8:45 u 2:15 (t 9:00 u 2:30 (( 9:15 u 2:45 u 9:30 u 3 :00 (( 9:45 u 3:15 u 10:00 u 3:30 (( 10:15 u 3:45 u 10:30 u 4:00 u 10:45 a 4:15 u 11:00 (( 4:30 u 11:15 u 4:45 u 11:30 u 5:00 u 11:45 u 5:15 u 12:00 Noon 5:30 (( 5:45 6:00 il 6:15 u 6:30 a 6:45 a 7:00 a 7:15 u 7:30 a 7:45 u 8:00 u 8:45 u 9:00 u 9:45 u 10:00 a 10:45 u 11:00 u 11:45 u 12:00 Midnight THIS SCHEDULE IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. 77 E. D. BROWN BROTHERS Dealers in GENERAL MERCHANDISE, FISHING SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS, and MARINE HARDWARE Local and Long Distance Phone in Store. Your Patronage Is Solicited Perrin, Virginia G. D. ASHE SON Dealers in GENERAL MERCHANDISE, GROCERIES, DRY GOODS, NOTIONS, BOOTS AND SHOES Achilles, Virginia J. M. SHACKLEFORD Dealer in GENERAL MERCHANDISE AND GASOLINE Severn, Virginia J. L. THOMAS AUTO REPAIR SHOP Authorized Chevrolet Dealer Parts for Fords and Chevrolets. Achilles, Virginia 78 T. C. CLOPTON GENERAL MERCHANT Clopton, Virginia Compliments ...of... H. V. GIBBS ELECTRICAL CONTRACTOR Wicomico, Virginia C. S. HOGGE ICE CREAM, CANDY, FRUIT, CIGARS and Billiard. Parlor Achilles, Virginia THOS. E. HOGGE GENERAL MERCHANDISE Agent for: Shelby Shoes and Sherwin-Williams Paints Ordinary, Virginia 79 Telegraph and Long Distance Phone in Office A. S. Trevilian Dealer in DRY GOODS, NOTIONS, SHOES, RUBBER GOODS, PAINTS, OILS AND GENERAL MERCHANDISE Naxera Virginia Most Every One Has Experienced A LOST CHANCE A CALL FOR MORE CASH Some day your opportunity will come along and with this opportunity will come a call for more cash. If you lack the money you will probably lack the credit and perhaps lose your chance. Prepare now for the next time. Co-operate with yourself and with this bank and there can be no question about your future. The First National Bank Gloucester’s 4% Pioneer A Member of the Federal Reserve Banking System 80 For Perfect Lubrication use CRESCENT MOTOR OILS Made from 100% pure Pennsylvania crude The Highest Grade Oil in the IVorld. Members Pennsylvania Grade Crude Oil Assn., Permit No. 52+ CRESCENT OIL COMPANY 602 W. Pratt Street Baltimore, Md. Write for booklet, “The Inside Story of Motor Oil” Free upon request. THE GLOUCESTER GAZETTE THE HOME PAPER $2.00 A Year School News a Specialty Dick Bridges Leonard Bunting GLOUCESTER BARBER SHOP UP-TO-DATE WORK Good Service and Courteous Attention Gloucester, Virginia PRINTED SALESMANSHIP Creating—Producing—Sales Matter that smooths the wheels of business. EUGENE L. GRAVES, Inc. Printers of The DUAL P ri n ti n g—R ul in g—B i tiding i ± ne Norfolk : Virginia j 81 W. E. Corr Co. Gloucester, Virginia STATIONERY —and— SCHOOL SUPPLIES HUDSON and ESSEX THAT’S ALL Bob Farinholt 0 .. 0 .. 0 .. 0 . .. 0 .. 0 0 0 .. 0 .. 0 .. 0 .. 0 .. 0 0 .. 0 .. 0 .. 0 .. 0 0 ., 0 .. 0 .. 0 0 82 WE ARE OFFERING Calvert’s Ranges and Cook Stoves, Oil Cook Stoves, One, Two and Three Burners, at Prices Greatly Reduced. Chattanooga Plows, Garden Implements, Kyanize Varnish Stainings, Wall Paper, Floor Coverings. Everything to brighten the interior of the home. For Out Door Amusements Take a Kodak With You. R. P. TALIAFERRO CO. Gloucester, Virginia GRAY’S PHARMACY “A Good Drug Store” Gloucester, Virginia Ask For COCA-COLA Delicious and Ref resiling and Get It! THE COCA-COLA BOTTLING WORKS Gloucester, Virginia The “Best Policy” is a “Home Policy” THE HOME INSURANCE COMPANY New York All Branches of Fire Insurance GEORGE E. CARY, Agent Gloucester, Virginia 83 � STONEWALL J. ROWE Telegraph: Gloucester, Va. Telephone: Stonewall, Va. Shipping Point: Greenway, Va. GREENWAY MACHINE AND MARINE RAILWAY Dealer in General Merchandise Distributor of Standard Oil Products Country Produce Bought and Sold Glass, Virginia JOSEPH AULD MERCHANT TAILOR Cleaning and Pressing Gloucester C. H. Virginia H. P. ROWE Dealer in DRY GOODS, NOTIONS, GROCERIES, DRUGS and GENERAL MERCHANDISE Achilles, Virginia J. L. OLIVER Dealer in DRY GOODS, NOTIONS, HARDWARE, GROCERIES and GENERAL MERCHANDISE The Same Goods for Less Money—More Goods for Less Money Barber Shop run in connection. Local and Long Distance Telephone. Wicomico, Virginia 84 WHEN TRAVELING why not use The Gloucester Bus Line and travel in comfort? Excellent Service and Courteous Attention Bus Leaves Gloucester Court House 8:25 A. M. and 3:30 P. M. HOGGE ROWE, Managers C. K. Weaver, Proprietor M. C. Weaver, Manager Established 1898 WEAVER BROS. Planing Mills Manufacturers and Dealers in FINISH LUMBER, CYPRESS SHINGLES, SASH, DOORS, MOULDINGS, INTERIOR AND EXTERIOR WOODWORK Wall Board Barrett Roofings Creo-Dipt Stained Shingles Newport News, Virginia Our Service Includes Truck Deliveries to Adjoining Counties f f f : ♦ f f : 85 J. E. HOGGE SON FUNERAL DIRECTORS AND EMBALMERS Coffins, Caskets and Metallic Caskets in Stock Also Cement and Metallic Vaults. Prepared to Meet Any Train, Boat and Hospital Cases. Closed Cars Furnished at Moderate Charge. Phone Wicomico, Virginia STANDARD OIL CO. (N. J.) Will deliver by truck to dealer and at Service Station to consumer. GASOLINE, KEROSENE OIL, LUBRICATING OILS, GREASE, GEAR OILS, Etc. You Can Get No Better Products Than These. Call or Phone M. C. Richardson, Agent HARRISON BROTHERS ATHLETIC GOODS 416 Granby Street Norfolk, Virginia FERGUSSON MUSIC STORE The Largest Music House South Greets Gloucester Folks MUSIC: VICTROLAS, PIANOS, SHEET MUSIC, RECORDS Mail Orders Are Our Best Customers! 2909-11 Washington Avenue Newport News, Virginia 86 BARCLAY SONS Ye Waverly Gifte Shoppe MANUFACTURING JEWELERS and OPTICIANS Watch Inspectors for Chesapeake Ohio 2605 Washington Avenue 3004 Washington Avenue Newport News, Virginia Compliments —of— J. H. MARTIN CO. The Home of BETTER THINGS TO EAT Telephone Selden C. W. B. BURKE Dealer in GENERAL MERCHANDISE Selden, Virginia Shipping Point: Gloucester Point, Va. Distributor for Texas Oil Co .— Wholesale Only TEXACO PRODUCTS For Territory Adjacent to Gloucester Point and Schley, Virginia For prompt service phone or write JACK BROWN “The Texaco Oil Man” Mr A. ' ' ■ Mr i. ■: ' ■ ■ fife fm$T - .■ MB ,: • ' ; ’ ■ • ’• a«fcv ., , • • . - y • • . � • V: r s . ’ V! . ,-tv ' ' • ••■• •’ • • ■3Sw ' §£tK . . . • ;? ' ' . a I.. ■:• ' ■ ■••■ ' ■ • ■ - IP: Wt, ; v - . - ' V psfislii iM $ ■ ' •••- Mr: ? 4 y