Atwood Hammond High School - Post Yearbook (Atwood, IL)

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green, and another in the blue. A fortli band is sometimes visible in the violet. The green band, which is the most brilliant of the three, in sotne cases is crossed by a number ot fine, bright lines and there are traces of s'milar lines in the yellow and blue bands. This spectrum is exactly the same as that given bv the blue base of an ordinary gas or candle flame. This indicates the presence of sonr gaseous carbon compound in the comet. Although it is very difficult to catch the spectrum of a shooting star, it has been done occasionally It shows that sodium and probably magnesium exist in meteors. One of the earliest achievements of the spectroscope was its demonstration of the pretence ot hydrogen and helium in the nebulae. The spectra of Character Sketches ROSALIND, By Lora Bijfgs To me Rosalind is the most interesting character in Shake-sphere’s, “As You Like It. “She represents an ideal of true womanhood. In reading this comedy Rosalind is a figure that is easily fixed upon one’s mind and afterwards in thinking of the play he at once recalls a picture of her. I imagine her to be a young lady who possessed a certain dignity, which everyone recognized, and which was even noticeable though she disguised herself by wearing man’s apparel. A look at Rosalind’s face would convince a person of her good dis-posi.ion. The other characters the stars vary, but Secchi and Vogel classified them under four and three divisions, respectively. They both agreed that some were almost identical with the solar spectrum. The spectroscope may also be put to a more practical use as tracing adulterations in food or poison in the blood. The power to detect extremely small amounts of such things it a valuable one: Professor Swan stated that lie discovered one-two million, five hundred thousandth part of a grain of sodium with the spectroscope. Stokes traced, by the change of absorption bands produced by the coloring matter ot blood,the oxidation and reduction which constantly takes place in this substance, and its connection with the distinction between venous and arterial blood. From “As You Like It.” in the play liked Rosalind, for she had a power toconfer happiness, hence she made friends with everyone. She had sor row's and troubles, but they were hidden behind a mask of cheerful 1 ness. Rosalind was not so clever in making plans as her cousin, Celia, but by her gay humor and ready wit she cairied outmost daring plans. This is shown bv the way in which she so successfully acted tl e man after Celia proposed the plan of disguising themselves and traveling to the forest of Arden Ft;,l she commands our respect; for her male attire, mannish talk, and actions bring outeven more

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particles of carbon floating in them, gases and vapors under great pressure, and, in general, all white hot solids or liquids, are sent through the prism of the spectroscope, separately, of course, their spectra are found to be continuous. Those of rarefied vapors and gases, heated to incandescence, or burning, are discontinuous. And every burning vapors and gas give off its own particular color and reinforces the same one on the spectrum, making it appear much plainer than the others. Thus, for example, if we burn sodium carbonate with platinum, the latter of which ordinarily gives off a continuous spectrum, we tind two splendid yellow lines, so near together that they are often taken for one. Lithium gives a red line; hydrogen gives three: red, greenish blue, and dark blue. Rut now, if instead of burning the gases and vapors with a white light, such as that from white hot platinum, we merely allow the rays from the platinum to pass through the vapor into the collimator, we observe a dark-line spectrum. Suppose that in place of burning the sodium carbonate with the platinum we allowed the ravs from the latter to pass through sodium vapor, when not burning. There wou'd appear two dark lines in the exact spots where we saw the bright yellow ones before. If we used lithium a dark line would take the place of the red one. From experiments with various and numerous substances we have the Principle of Reversal, namely, that a burning gas or vapor gives off and reinforces that same color on the spectrum of white light which it absorbs when the rays of white light passthrough it while it is not burning. The spectrum of sunlight, the solor spectrum, is an absorption or dark-lined one. This fact was first noticed by Wollaston in 1802. Fraunhofer claimed that there were no less than live hundred seventy six ol these dark lines. Later physicists have tound their number to be unlimited. Stokes in 185 2 tirst made a suggestion as to their cause and his theory which has been accepted was fully established by Kirchhoff in 1859. His idea was that the white-hot surface ot the sun. called the photosphere, would by itself produce a continuous spectrum. An atmosphere of glowing vapors, called the chromosphere, exists outside the photosphere. Its temperature is less than that of the photosphere but nevertheless great enough to keep metals in the vapor state. As the light passes ihrough the elm m •-sphere the cooler vapors there absorb contain certain rays. This accounts for the so called Fraunhofer lines. By this means we are able to tell the presence of sodium, hydrogen, iron, magnesium, calcium and many other elements in the sun. And this examination is not limited to the sun alone but has been made on other heavenly bodies. Their chemistry is also .known by spectroscopy. Spectra of comets have been studied. They were usually continuous except for three bright bands, one in'the yellow, one in tbe

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cteariy her hidden modesty and delicacy. Some may say that Rdsalihd Was riot capable of so great a love as that which Celia had for her, but shehad no such chance to show her love as her cousin had. However, we have demonstration of how truly and faithfully she loved Orlando. Thus, Rosalind honored her sex; for she was truly a woman in the fullest sense of the word; she forgot her own sorrows or tattler hid her troubles while She tried to make others happy; she was capable of giving her true love; and she possessed a wholesome quality of humor which was always used at the right time. THE BANISHED DUKE By Emma Fahrnkopf The banished Duke led a rath • er happy, careless life. When fortune turned against him he made the best of it and adapted himself to the new conditions. The fact that he was banished by his brother did not seem to IbWer his spirits at all, for he still indulged in all the pleasures of the forest. Charles in hi§ conversation to Oliver said that many mferry men were with him in the forest and there they lived like old Robin Hood of England, and that numbers of young gentlemen flocked to him every day, and fleeted the time carelessly as they did in the golden world. The Duke not only enjoyed things himself but made everything pleasant for those around him. We see the result of this in the speech of C larles, mentioned before. And also in the fact that several of the lords of | his duchy gave up their court life to follow him when he was banished. Judging from his disposition and banishment, he had not ruled strictly enough, had allowed his brother to gain influence and when his downfall came had made no resistance. The Duke showed his hospitality when Orlando demanded food by allowing Orlando and his old servant to sit down at the table and eat. He was considerate of his attendants, and when he was told l.e could return to court said, “those who have endured shrewd days and nights with i s shall share the good of our returned fortune, according to the measure of their states.” DESCRIPTION OF A PICTURE By Casper Smith 1 think this picture represents i scene in England for Farqu-hafson the man who painted it, is one of the most celebrated English landscape painter of the day. The first thing one notes is the sky in which the moon is hining brightly, and the white s clouds which are made many times whiter by the moon’s rays falling upon them. In the distance however, they are much darker and some are almost black. Then come the trees, which are large old oaks with, huge twisted branches. Ib the foreground they are some dis-