Albion College - Albionian Yearbook (Albion, MI)

Text from Pages 1 - 132 of the 1910 volume:

H s v YEAR BOOK OF ALBION COLLEGE For 1910--1911 WITH ANNOUNCEMENTS FOR 1911-1912 IffiltAlY OF THE imiVEHStTY OF H.UNOIS. PUBLISHED BY ALBION COLLEGE ALBION, MICHIGAN :: NINETEEN HUNDRED ELEVEN PUBLISHED BY ALBION COLLEGE THE MIRROR PRINTING CO. Albion, Michigan TABLE OF CONTENTS Advanced Credit 64 Ancient Languages 34 Announcements 4 Appointment Committee 99 Art Department 87 Astronomy 86 Attendance - — 100 Biology 42 Business Department 89 Business Man ' s College Course 93 Candidates for Graduation 105 Chapel Service 100 Character of the School 12 Chemistry 38 Christian Associations 103 Church Attendance 101 Closing Examinations 100 College of Liberal Arts 17 College Work Tabulated : 48 Co-operative Association 103 Conservatory of Music 71 Diplomas 53 English 29 Enrollment and Work of Class Officers 53 Expenses 97 Geology 43 Graduation 52 Grounds and Buildings 10 Grouping of Elective work 18 History 9 History, Politics and Economics ' 32 Honor List 104 Intercollegiate Debates ' 56 Library 13 List of Students 105 Location 10 Mathematics 34 Modern Languages 26 Officers of Instruction and Government 7 Oratorical Committee 102 Pedagogy 44 Philosophy 43 Photography 43 Physical Education 46 Physics 36 Preparatory School 58 Pr 1 zes 54 Provisions for the Study of Astronomy 13 Provisions for the Study of Biology 13 Provisions for the Study of Chemistry 15 Provisions for the Study of Physics 15 Public Speaking 31 Reading Room 11 Requirements for Admission 62 Schedule of Recitations 20 Scholarships 54 Societies 101 Standing Committees and Visitors 6 Summary of Students 126 The College Corporation and Endowment Fund Committee , 5 The Employment Committee 99 The English Bible 45 CALENDAR COMMENCEMENT WEEK, 1911 June 11 — Commencement Sunday. June 12 — Conservatory Concert, 8 p. m. June 13 — Class Day Exercises, 10: a. m. and 2:00 p. m. Meeting Board of Trustees, 10:00 a. m. Meeting Alumni Association, 2:00 p. m. Open Air Concert, 7:00 p. m. Alumni Address, 8 p. m. June 14 — Semi-Centennial Celebration and Alumni Re- unions. June 15 — Commencement Day, Address 10:00 a. m. Commencement Dinner, 12:30 p. m. OPENING OP THE COLLEGE YEAR IN ALL DEPARTMENTS First Semester, 1911 Sept. 19— Examination of Candidates for Admission; Pre- sentation of Certificates from Approved Schools; Special Examinations, 9:00 a. m. Sept. 20 — Enrollment Day, Commencing 9:00 a. m. Sept. 21 — First Chapel Exercises, 9:00 a. m. Nov. 23 — -Thanksgiving Day Recess includes Friday. Dec. 12 — Meeting of Board of Trustees, 2:00 p. m. Dec. 22 to Jan. 2, inclusive. Holiday recess. Jan. 25 — Day of Prayer for Colleges. Feb. 2 — Semester Ends. Second Semester Feb. 3 — Entrance and Special Examinations. Feb. 3 — Enrollment Day, 8:00 a. m. Feb. 5 — Recitations begin. Feb. 22 — Washington ' s Birthday. Mar. 22 (noon) to April 1, inclusive, Spring recess. June 12 — Commencement Day. June 13 — Examinations begin. June 18 — Semester Ends. THE COLLEGE CORPORATION President, CHARLES M. RANGER Vice-President, WILLIAM DAWE Second Vice-President, EDWIN N. PARSONS Treasurer, EUGENE P. ROBERTSON Secretary, SAMUEL DICKIE TRUSTEES SAMUEL DICKIE, Ex-offlcio Elected by Detroit Conference Rev. C. W. Baldwin Detroit 1911 Durand W. Springer Detroit 1911 Rev. E. A. Elliott Bay City 1912 D. M. Christian Owosso 1912 Rev. William Dawe Ann Arbor 1913 James H. Simpson Detroit 1913 Elected by the Michigan Conference Edwin N. Parsons Albion 1911 Rev. Hugh Kennedy Big Rapids 1911 Rev. D. D. Martin Albion 1912 M. L. Cook Hastings 1912 Rev. John Graham Grand Rapids 1913 E. J. Phelps Kalamazoo 1913 Elected by Alumni Society, A. E. Hagle St. Joseph, Mo 1911 Rolland Parmeter Detroit 1912 Rev. Luther Lovejoy .Detroit 1912 Charles M. Ranger Battle Creek 1913 ENDOWMENT FUND COMMITTEE. Samuel Dickie, Chairman and Treasurer Albion William H. Brace Detroit Hon. Clement Smith Hastings STANDING COMMITTEES. Executive and Auditing Committee — C. M. Ranger, William Dawe, E. N. Parsons, Samuel Dickie, D. D. Martin. Finance Committee — E. J. Phelps, J. H. Simpson, D. W. Springer, E. A. Elliott, M. L. Cook, D. M. Christian. Committee on Faculty — C. W. Baldwin, Samuel Dickie, Hugh Kennedy, A. E. Hagle, John Graham, Luther Lovejoy. Committee on Rules and Kegulations— J. H. Simpson, E. A. Elliott, R. L. Parmeter, M. L, Cook, D. M. Christian. Committee on Library and Apparatus — John Graham. C. W. Baldwin, A. E. Hagle, E. J. Phelps, D. W. Springer, R. L. Par- meter. Committee on Building and Grounds — E. N. Parsons, Samuel Dickie, D. D. Martin, Hugh Kennedy, Luther Lovejoy. OFFICIAL VISITORS Appointed by Detroit Conference. Rev. F. F. Fitchett Detroit Rev. H. H. Hough Royal Oak Appointed by Michigan Conference Rev. W. P. Mosher Bellaire Rev. W. H. Phelps Battle Creek OFFICER OF INSTRUCTION AND GOVERNMENT SAMUEL DICKIE, M. S., LL. D. President. MRS. HELEN KNAPPEN-SCRIPPS, A. M., Dean of Women FREDERICK LUTZ, A. M., Secretary HARLAN J. COZINE, Director of Conservatory. GEORGE L. GRISWOLD, Principal of Commercial Department. SAMUEL DICKIE, M. S., LL. D., John Owen Professor of Philosophy. DELOS PALL, So. D., LL. D., David Preston Professor of Chem- istry. FREDERICK LUTZ, A. M., Professor of Modern Languages. CHARLES ELISHA BARR, A. M., Professor of Geology and Biology. FREDERIC SAMUEL GOODRICH, A. M., D.D. Alumni Pro- fessor of the English Bible, Acting Professor of Greek Language and Literature. MRS. HELEN KNAPPEN-SCRIPPS, A. M., Dean of Women, Instructor in English Literature. FREDERIC COE DEMOREST, A. M., D. D., Professor of Latin. CHARLES HENRY WOOLBERT, A. M., Professor of English and Oratory (W. Scott Bro,wn Chair of Belles Lettres.) CLARENCE WILSON GREENE, B. Pd., A. xM., Professor of Physics. Absent on leave for 1910-11. 8 ALBION COLLEGE FRANK TRACY CARLTON, A. M., Ph. D., Professor of Eco- nomics and Acting Henry M. Loud Professor of History. E. ROSCOE SLEIGHT, A. M., W. H. Brockway Professor of Mathematics, Acting Ezra Bostwick Professor of Astronomy. JOHN ZEDLER, A. M., Associate Professor of Modern Lang- uages. PRANK W. DOUGLAS, A. M., Assistant Professor of Chemistry. ELEANOR T. AVANN, A. M., Instructor in Greek. CHARLES ALBERT LANGWORTHY, A. B., Instructor in English. HARLAN J. COZINE, Director of Conservatory, Instructor in Voice and the Art of Singing. ANNETTE M. SNELL, Instructor in Piano. EZRA HAROLD GEER, Instructor in Organ and Theory. JOHN B. MARTIN, Instructor in Violin and Orchestral Instru- ments. ELMA BLACKMAN, Instructor in Piano. MYRA SALISBURY, Instructor in Voice. GEORGE L. GRISWOLD, Principal of Commercial Department. NANNIE LANDON, Teacher of Shorthand and Typewriting. SARAH ESTELLA WOOLSEY, Instructor in Art. WALTER S. KENNEDY, Athletic Director. ESTHER H. AUTEN, A. B., Director of Physical Education for Women. ROSA BALL, B. S., Librarian. JENNIE COLUMBUS, President ' s Secretary. HISTORY In the year 1883, Rev. Henry Colclazer, Rev. Elijah H. Pilcher and Benjamin H. Packard, M. D., resolved to inaugurate a movement for the establishment of an academy of higher learning in Michigan. Spring Arbor was chosen as a location, and in the spring of 1835 the Legislature granted a charter under the corporate name of Spring Arbor Academy, locating the institution on the site of an old Indian village, in the town of Spring Arbor. In the spring of 1839 the charter was amended, locating the school at Albion and reconstructing the Board of Trustees. In November of 1843, the first building was completed and opened for the reception of students. Rev. Charles F. Stock- well, A. M., a graduate of Middletown University, was appointed principal. In 1849, the charter was amended by the creation of a Fe- male College, so that the corporate name became Wesleyan Seminary and Female Collegiate Institute. The institution was empowered to grant degrees to women only. In 1861, the original charter was still further amended, au- thorizing the institution to confer degrees on both men and wo- men, the corporate name becoming Albion College. In 1907 the charter was amended giving the institution en- larged powers. The management of the institution is vested in a Board of Trustees, consisting of sixteen persons, six elected by the De- troit Conference of the Methodist Episcopal church, six by the Michigan conference, and four by the Society of Alumni. The President of the College is associated as a member ex-officio. A special board or committee, as custodian of the Endowment Fund, was created by act of the Legislature in 1865. NOTE-1883 above should he 1833. LOCATION Albion is a thriving city of 6,000 inhabitants, situated in the central portion of the Lower Peninsula of Michigan. The post- al, telegraph and telephone facilities are equal to those of the larger cities in the state. Albion is on the main line of the Michigan Central Railroad, 95 miles west of Detroit. The Lans- ing division of the Lake Shore Michigan Southern crosses the Michigan Central at this place, providing direct connection with the main line of the Lake Shore on the south, and at the north with the Grand Rapids division of the Michigan Central, the Pere Marquette, the Grand Trunk and other lines. The Jackson Battle Creek Electric line passes through Albion, giving us hourly conections with points east and west. GROUNDS AND BUILDINGS The college campus contains eighteen acres. The old Cen- tral Building, through the generosity of George O. Robinson, LL. D., of Detroit, has been thoroughly renovated and enlarged so that it is in every respect an up-to-date building and now bears the name Robinson Hall. The entire interior of the old building has been reconstructed and an addition four stories in height has been built on the east side of the old building. This addition is 45 by 60 feet and is devoted to the Biological and Botanical Laboratories, together with work rooms and store rooms. The north building, situated just north of the foregoing, is 80 feet long, 50 feet wide and three stories in height. It con- tains four lecture rooms, quarters for the Commercial School, the Art Studio and two Literary Societies. The Chapel Building stands directly south of the Central Building, and is three stories high, 80 feet long and fifty feet wide. The second and third stories are wholly devoted to chap- el purposes. The first story is devoted to the work of the Con- servatory of Music and the Secretary ' s office. The Astronomical Observatory was erected in 1883, is two YEAR BOOK 11 stories high, with a round tower which rises to three stories and is surmounted by a dome. On the lower floor are the lecture rooms of the departments of Astronomy and Mathematics and the pier-room, through which pass the brick supports for the fixed instruments. On the second floor are the transit room, containing the Transit Circle, Clock and Chronograph, a com- puting room, a room for portable instruments, and a room con- taining the Astronomical and Meteorological Library. In the round tower is placed the Equatorial. The gymnasium was completed in 1892. The first story is of field stone; above this the building consists of a heavy frame inclosed with brick. The Building has a frontage of 54 feet, and is 92 feet in depth, surmounted with a gothic roof to pro- vide sufficient height. The McMillan Chemical Laboratory was erected in 1893, the gift of Hon. James McMillan, of Detroit. It is a substantial and modern building, three stories in height above the base- ment. The basement contains the Portland cement laboratory, the assaying room, the mineralogical collections and the furnace room. In the first story, which is 13 feet high, there is the organic laboratory, 27x30 feet, containing tables for 24 students, with 29 feet of hoods, also wall tables, cases for chemicals, etc. Ad- jacent to this are the quantitative laboratory, 22x30 feet, tables for 20 students, hoods, wall tables, etc., a combustion room, 10x17 feet, and dispensing room, 10x21. On the other side of the hall is the instructor ' s study. Off this is a private laboratory, with large table, hoods, wall tables, etc. The balance room, 9x11, and a research room, 15x30 feet, complete the equipment of this floor. The second story is also 13 feet high and contains the quali- tative laboratory, 40x49 feet, with tables for 80 students, with seven hoods, wall tables, cases, etc. The lecture room, also on this floor, 30x37 feet, will accomodate 82 students, the seat- ing being arranged in rising tiers of chairs. The third story is 10 feet high and contains the laboratory of Physics, and also the collections of Paleontology and Lith- olgy. Mrs. Charlotte T. Cassette, of Albion, has erected a beauti- ful building in memory of her deceased daughter, Miss Lottie 12 ALBION COLLEGE L. Gassette. The building is designated Lottie L. Gassette Memorial Library and is both an ornamental and useful ad- dition to our facilities. Pour Fraternity Halls have been erected on the east portion of the college grounds, the institution having granted leases of sites for a period of years. The Winter-Lau Athletic field, less than two blocks from the College, presents one of the best equipped athletic fields in the West. CHARACTER OF THE SCHOOL The institution is a college of Liberal Arts, It is not a theo- logical school. There are a few Biblical studies, but no chair of theology. There are no theological tests and no religious exactions beyond regular attendance at chapel exercises during school days and attendance at church on the Sabbath, giving the students their choice of place of worship. LIBRARIES, LABORATORIES AND OBSERVATOY LIBRARIES The Library Building, the gift of Mrs. Charlotte T. Gassette, of Albion, Michigan, is a substantial new brick structure, well equipped, well heated, well lighted, containing 21,000 volumes, besides unbound volumes and pamphlets. The Reading Room, ample and attractive, is abundantly supplied with encyclopedia, dictionaries, lexicons, and general works of reference, together with such books as are temporarily assigned by members of the Faculty for reference work and col- lateral reading. A generous supply of papers and leading maga- zines of the day is provided. The contents of periodicals are made available by the use of Poole ' s Index and its supplements and the Reader ' s Guide to Periodical Literature. The Dewey system of classification is used and a new card catalogue makes the books easily accessible. Free access to the shelves is allowed, and in addition to their use in the Library building, books, with some restrictions may be drawn for home use. The Library is open on school days from 8:00 a. m. to 12:00 m.; from 2:00 p. m. to 5:30 p. m., and three evenings in the week from 6:30 to 8:30; Saturday from 8:00 a. m. to 12:00 m. PROVISIONS FOR THE STUDY OF ASTRONOMY In Astronomy, the facilities offered by the College are ex- cellent. The equipment is fully adequate for purposes of instruction or research. The Epuatorial Telescope is of eight inches clear aperture, made and mounted by Alvan Clark Sons. It is pro- vided with circles, coarse and fine, driving clock, filar micromet- er, with field and side illumination, and eye pieces giving range from a low-power comet-seeker to eight hundred diameters. The Transit Circle, by Fauth Co., is of a four inch aperture and is provided with micrometers in right ascension and de- clination, levels, sensitive to one second of arc and verticle circles reading to single seconds by micrometer microscopes. The Sidereal Clock and Chonograph are by the same makers. All of the instruments are in electrical connection. PROVISIONS FOR THE STUDY OF BIOLOGY The Biological Department occupies the new Biological 14 ALBION COLLEGE Laboratory erected as an addition to Robinson Hall. This ad- dition is 45 by 60 feet, three stories high, above the basement. It contains large laboratories for the classes in Zoology and Botany, accomodating respectively 60 and 40 students. Besides the large windows at the end of each table there are electric lights and gas arc lights that afford ample illumination for evenings or dark days. There are commodious lecture rooms adjoining each. Besides these laboratories there are smaller laboratories for more advanced classes, with the same lighting arrangements as in the larger laboratories, as described above. Store rooms and supply rooms, with a large room for a working Botanical Museum occupy the remainder of the space on the lower three floors. On the upper floor are rooms for Museum workshops, v ith a suite of three rooms which are fully equipped for photographic purposes. The Biological Department is well supplied with such ap- paratus as is needed for its work, including over sixty com- pound microscopes, rocking, sliding and rotary micrometers, in- cubator, aquaria, embedding apparatus and a collection of sev- eral thousand mounted slides. The Botanical Working Muse- um is especially designed to contribute to the work in Ecology. It already contains over fifteen hundred species in the herbar- ium nearly twelve hundred of which are representative of this locality, and many of them represented in numerous specimens which show the plant in immature and winter condition, as well as in flower, etc. There is also a large number of specimens of seeds, woods, barks, fibers, medicinal and commercial pro- ducts. It is designed to make this collection as completely rep- resentative of local plant life and plant products as possible. The Zoological Lecture Room is so arranged as to be speed- ily darkened and is provided with a stereopticon; and while there is an ample supply of lantern slides on hand for purposes of instruction, others are being added as occasion de- mands. The photographic equipment of the laboratory is such as to highly facilitate the rapid increase of this collection. All the laboratories have individual private lockers, each with its own combination lock, and water and gas connections are liberally provided throughout. The supply of material for study and dissection is large and Is ample in amount and range of species for both elementary and advanced study. It is constantly enriched through pur- YEAR BOOK 16 chase as well as by the collections made by the department and friends of the college. The study and private laboratory of the professor in charge is on the first floor, adjacent to the Zoological Laboratory, where he may be constantly consulted by those having need of his assistance. PROVISIONS FOR THE STUDY OP PHYSICS The laboratory work in the department of Physics has been greatly strengthened during the past few years by the acquisi- tion of a considerable amount of modern physical apparatus. Among the instruments now a vailable for class illustration and laboratory work are the following: Vernier calipers, mi- crometer gauges, microscopes, telescopes, spherometers. Jolly ' s balance, Hawkes-Atwood ' s machine, Toepler-Voss self-charging electrical machine, diffraction grating, optical bench with ac- cessories, photometric apparatus, Geneva spectrometer, highly polished prisms, laboratory clock with sweep second hand, bend- ing apparatus with telephone attachment, Boyle ' s law appar- atus, Mohr ' s specific gravity balance, laboratory recorder for vibrations of tuning forks, simple pendulum apparatus with sounder for time work, pyknometers, moment of inertia appar- atus, Kundt ' s apparatus for velocity of sounds in metals, spe- cific heat apparatus, heat of vaporization apparatus, micrometer cathetometer, rheostats, commutators, electric motors, turning lathe with tools, torsional apparatus, linear expansion apparatus batteries of various kinds, Rhumkorff induction coil, resistance boxes, Weston voltmeters, Weston ammeters, wireless telegraph outfit, single valued and subdivided multiple condensers, di- rect reading D ' Arsonval galvanometer, tangent galvanometer, Rowland D ' Arsonval reflecting galvanometer with telescopes and scales, astatic galvanometer, earth inductor, ballistic galva- nometer, new Woulff polentiometer, Clark, Carhart-Clark, and Cadmium standard cells, ballistic pendulum, constant volume air themometer, air pump with accessories, barometers, Melde ' s apparatus, Young ' s modulus apparatus with optical lever at- tachment, dilatometers, vapor pressure apparatus, melting point and heat of fusion apparatus, standard thermometers, vol- tameters, surface tension apparatus, simple rigidity apparatus, thermopile, and other measuring instruments. PROVISIONS FOR THE STUDY OF CHEMISTRY. The department occupies the spacious McMillan Chemical Laboratory with ample space for its lecture rooms and labora- 16 ALBION COLLEGE tories and every convenience is provided for both the instructor and students pursuing general or special courses. There are eight separate working laboratories all fully sup- plied with apparatus and chemicals and equipped with gas, water, ventilation hoods, desks and lockers for each student. These are located on the first and second floors and the base- ment. The chemical lecture room on the second floor has seating for eighty students and is thoroughly furnished with a large demonstrating lecture table containing pneumatic cistern, oxy- gen tanks, exhaust, gas, water, sinks, battery, with ventilating hood in rear. Each floor is provided with a capacious dispensing room where chemicals and apparatus are stored to be issued to the student as required. The General and Qualitative Chemical Laboratory on the second floor is equipped with ninety working tables, each hav- ing a sink, hood, water faucets, gas, reagent bottles. Prom the adjacent room may be obtained all chemical apparatus required in their work. The advanced courses are conducted on the first floor and in the basement where are located laboratories for Quantitative, Organic and Technical Chemistry. Every facility is afforded for thorough work. Attached to the laboratories on the second floor is a thoroughly equipped weighing room containing accurate bal- ances, specific gravity apparatus, etc. In the basement is located the Laboratory for Portland Ce- ment and Assaying, providing all the necessary apparatus for the physical testing of cement and the assaying of ores. Here are crucible and muffle furnaces, both coal and gas, for the fire assays of ores and also crushing, pulverizing and sampling ap- paratus, tensile strength machines, specific gravity apparatus and all the regular equipment used in the practical handling of ce- ments and ores. A complete laboratory for Gas Analysis, with special refer- ence to its application in the manufacture of illuminating gas, has been installed. In the private laboratory of the instructor there is con- stantly carried on outside work in the examination of raw ma- terials for manufacturing purposes, such as clays, marls, peat, coal, gold and silver ores, iron and steel, sanitary and mineral waters. COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS INTRODUCTORY STATEMENT In harmony with the progressive movement of educational affairs, Albion College will confer he degree of Bachelor of Arts upon all persons who come with suitable preparation and who complete in a satisfactory manner a sufficient number of courses to credit them with 120 hours of college work, subject to such limitations of selection as are set forth under the head- ing Grouping of elective work. ' An hour of college work is understood to mean one hour of recitation or lecture work per week through one semester. Graduates of accredited high schools will be admitted to our Collegiate department without examination, and, in addition to our required work in English, will be permitted to enter any of our courses for which they are fitted, due regard being had to the necessary sequence of courses. Each Professor, in his own department, will prescribe the order in which his courses must be taken. Students of college rank who fail in any study because of in- adequate preparation will be allowed to make up their prepar- atory work in our Academic department, but such work will not be counted to their credit upon collegiate courses. More detailed information concerning entrance require- ments will be found on page 71. GROUPING OF ELECTIVE WORK While the Faculty of Albion College approves the elective system, it has seemed wise to somewhat restrict elections until the student has come fully in touch with his surroundings and has gained some maturity of mind. Freshmen and Sophomores are therefore required to make their election according to the following plan: English I — Three hours throughout the year. Required of all Freshmen. English II — Two hours throughout the year. Required of all Sophomores. English Bible — Two hours throughout one year. Required for graduation. FRESHMEN Each group (A and B) must be represented in the schedule of every freshmen. Group A — Group B — Latin Mathematics Greek Physics French Chemistry German Biology I. Botany After having satisfied the requirements of groups A and B, Freshmen are restricted in their elections to the remaining sub- jects of groups A and B and to the following courses: Gospel History, Apostolic Church, Hebrew, Biblical Seminar, Forensics, Oratory, English Literature, European History, History of Civ- ilization, American Government, Mechanical Drawing, Descrip- tive Astronomy. SOPHOMORES At least three hours from each group (A and B) must be represented in the schedule of every Sophomore. Group A — Group B — Latin Mathematics Greek Botany French Biology I. German Advanced Zoology Literature Physics Prose Masterpieces Chemistry Economics Logic YEAR BOOK 19 After having satisfied the requirements of groups A and B, Sophomores are restricted in their elections to the remaining subjects of groups A and B and to the following courses: Gos- pel History, Apostolic Church, Hebrew, Biblical Seminar, Por- ensics. Oratory, European History, History of Civilization, American Government, Mechanical Drawing, Descriptive Astron- omy, Descriptive Geometry, Old Testament History, English III, American History, English History, Practical Sociology, Surveying, General Astronomy, Ethics. Schedule of Recitations For 191M912 Figures refer to the days of the week I Monday 2 Tuesday 3 Wednesday 4 Thursday 5 Friday •g J3 ' ■ .O  ©N 00 to . 11 CO fl «l S- s p y 5« o . M ' - -d QQ o a a  § J3 o  _, C 2 GO 1 %hCC 5-: 3 M O , OC xa o Q, iJ .a .a XJ Pm H -«J flO 4) o o  -l  a§ 2 bD - rY S«8 « n M)U5 bcic ■ , s T ' •- 5 o tifl N %% 5- a- '  05 ce 5 •SM-BJa -qoaK J ' « ' -1 05 . .- .a . be 3 ecco .„ KO C O tiiibJD -3 s ? a a fl . WWWK fl he 11 1— i o l-H )-i fiCO as . Fren 1.2, Germ 1,2. 3 -. n M ® - a C0 H « cc O §«- iri a 08 i3cC in , ♦a • ' - ' ?C J 3- «- o- - § t CO 1 s S H« w - ef s ja M S ' O S Xi o 2 Gen. Hi 1, 2, 3, Labor P 1, 2, 3, O-H c.- P« 09 ee tkD -p . OJ d 0) Q) s w bD a Oec 0) . fl(M bCM s o- a a c U5 O lO o , D .. D CO « .00 a , J 05 fll Oh 1 0. ' -MBja qoeK C) A - - t CO w « l -l- Irti fl-S it.B 5 « pwt:© q 0« HH cn 2io H- fl (- ■ • .. g « §:■ §? gnS« S «2 H 0) o  fe 0-- _ . cc M -« jaj ' c- ' cc 9-. - 9 - o 5 2 -o 2 ' p ' . bC I- co Z3 , 3 .55 , rtw K - J • d tf Rom. Poetry Hist. Grana Lati 1, 2, Anct. and M 3 o ' o« % - o r 1 s 8 8 o ,. — ' ■ 00 d Q S A 1  ,  bc Okft bc o . o . -co ■ -co S-: - s« ' - ' - C3 05 in tA O ,- 2r- o V. 09 CO -  .. ■d-- 2 a ' .- . ' P.- ' 5 £ 1 e o t ' 8 ' 2 ' I 42 S SISiCl ' BnV I ' BOIUllOOX OCO P(tl iJ o f ' 8 ' 2 ' l S ' ' 8 ' 2 ' I •xnoiio -uao w gu • X5 - 08 o- P aj S - s 5 1 -l M iQ qoaM - 5 ' M l-( 05 2 • eo Sa o .« O •d p « S p V e8 2 § o □ 0) i 20S fe ( ■ ■■ o MioSiO -J Oift .08 . , - ui- co 08 ® --rO •■ % s« gco Jco O e :3 e« ' o ' 3 a r-. . 5 ' -•- ' ;s w Ci a, IC IC paSn jiV - (n CO -«♦ 9q oa sjnoH rt. tiC •2 2 5 93 ( s a faco M o r i 9q o:i sinoH AM CO s m ..H si 0 : -r Tt ' W . 5 - ± d r-; m  S « §« U5 5 0) ' v co OS Q s- o d © 00 « - Physical Prob. 2 Theory of Ligh 1,3 a in d- Ph c3 (p o o a§ P CO irt lO 51 Sd 0) o bb tT biCTP S - e- i3 S 8 -M jo: -qoaH u. . i in. x: t j c ' (MM ' Vco ' .i ' S r co r Qi -HHC f x -CJ — o HI — 1 1— 1  o s fltc - 0) J if 1? d D a OCO o3 , . g- 2 n:- o -|. lO d gco t - .. (M  K 11 Sco p. 5co i 8 § b- CO 3 • OB n « M 5 o CO O ' ' Tt CO Tfl CO j Oco- W f - S (M d , o ' o3 ce s o s H If-: go Elect. Meas. 1, 3, 5 Elect. Eng. 2, 4 Adv. Mech ' s. 2, 4 Electro Mag. Theory 1, 3 .A a o a Ti ' c , . O o c3 hc O g ' l P ' gt coO , C« . . N J s - t -AVBiQ ' qoan ' .o u .co r-r o S • M .1— 1 ■!- O bC Pn dw a 31. V-H tf IC ench , 3, 3, rman 2. 3,4 lO ' •S s „- 5 2 .■ • .jj l ' :3 K dTt dco ' d w aS ' 3„ ' d • -d Ph o j ' x ffl s o ;:: Evid. Chr. 3, 4 Bibl. Sem. 1 an Gen. Physics 3,4, 5 (Lectures 7:00 1, 3) Meth. in Physics 2 hrs. 8S ' I s:iU8ni80 Assaying 3 Hrs. Norm. Chem. 3 Hrs. ' 8 ' S ' T •I ' Bnv -ciu n -Apv 5 ' ' 8 ' S ' T ' I ' Buy I ' Bn Diff. Equa. 3 Hrs. Surveying 3 Hrs. ' I ' M ' Bia ' qoaK (M . - M 1— 1 co o - V O t3 - o3 (D o §£- Greek Life 3 Plato 2, 4, 5 Greek IL 2, 3. 4, 5 Attic Orators 2, 3, 4, 5 be dco % o CO CO ? PiSu ' BJiY sq O ' x -SJH DEPARTMENTS OF INSTRUCTION ANCIENT LANGUAGES. LATIN. Course I. — Three hours per week throughout the year. Roman Social and Political Life. This course will consider the social and political side of Roman Civilization. It will include selected readings from Roman historians and supplementary studies in history, geography, religion, and in the private and public life of the people. First Semester. — Cicero ' s DeAmicitia or DeSenectute and readings in the legendary history of Rome from Livy. Second Semester. — Readings in the more authentic history of Rome from Livy and Tacitus. Course II. — One hour per week throughout the year. Re- quired of all students who take Course I. First Semester. — Roman Social Life. Second Semester. — Roman Public Life. Course III. — Three hours per week throughout the year. Roman Art and Artistic Literature. This course will consider the anesthetic side of Roman civilization. It will include read- ings from the Roman poets and studies in Roman Art. First Semester. — Lyric Poetry, Horace, Catullus and Virgil. Second Semester, — The Drama, Plautus, Terence and Sene- ca; Elegiac Poetry, Ovid, Tibullus, Propertius. Course IV. — One hour per week throughout the year. Re- quired of all students who take Course III. First Semester. — Studies in Ancient Religion and Mythology. Second Semester. — Ancient Art. Course V. — Three hours per week throughout the year. Roman Satirical and Philosophical Literature. This course will consider the philosophical or reflective side of Roman civiliza- tion. The ethical schools of the Romans will be studied in re- lation to Greek Philosophy on the one hand and to Roman Re- ligion on the other. First Semester. — Eclecticism, Cicero, Horace, Juvenal. Second Semester. — Epicureanism, Lucretius; and Stoicism, Seneca. YEAR BOOK 25 Ck)urse VI — Two hours per week throughout the year. Ad- vanced Latin Grammar. First Semester. — Moods and Tenses. Second Semester. — Accidence and Syntax. Course VII. — Two hours per week throughout the year. The Pedagogy of Latin Teaching. A study of principles and meth- ods, intended especially for students who expect to teach Latin. This will include advanced work in Latin Composition, illus- trative of principles, sight reading from Caesar, Cicero, Nepos, Livy, Virgil, and drill in practical teaching. The second semes- ter only will be given credit as one of the Methods courses. GREEK Courses are continuous throughout the year, unless other- wise specified. Course I. — Four hours per week. A. — Odyssey. B. — The Greek Historians. Course II. — Four hours. A. — Attic Orators. B. — Attic Drama. Course III. — Three hours. A. — Plato. B. — Greek Epigraphy. A study of early Greek alphabets and inscriptions. Course IV. — Two hours. A. — Pausanias. Collateral reading upon the topography, monuments and mythology of Ancient Athens. B. — Neo-Hellenic. An introduction to the study of Modern Greek, the course being based upon Thumb ' s Handbuch der neu- griechischen Volkssprache. . Course V. — Seminar. Special facilities are offered for stud- ents desiring to do advanced or graduate work. Courses will be arranged to meet the requirements of individual students. Course VI. — Greek Life. One hour per week. The Life, Art and Literature of the Ancient Greeks will be studied. No knowledge of Greek is necessary for this course. Course VII. — Beginning Greek. One hour. Open to Seniors only. Course VIII. — Normal Greek. One hour. History of Greek Education. Methods of teaching Greek. Open to Juniors and Seniors. 26 ALBION COLLEGE MODERN LANGUAGES. GERMAN AND GERMAN LITERATURE Course I. — Five hours per week throughout the year. Reading.— Spanhoofd ' s Reader serves as the basis for the year ' s work. Construction. — Spanhoofd ' s Lehrbuch der deu tschen Sprache is used for drill and home work. Writing — A well arranged series of copy-books is used. Weekly dictation to test the student in ability to write correctly and to express himself readily in German. Conversation. — German conversation is had from the begin- ning, and German is used increasingly in the class-room as the student advances. Course IL— Five hours per week throughout the year. Reading. — Lutz ' s German Reader is used during the year. Construction. — Review (topically) of the woj-k of the first year. German composition. Conversation. — German is used in the class-room as far as the ability of the student will permit. Course III. — Four hours per week throughout the year. First Semester. — Deutsches Lesebuch fur Quarta und Tertia. Quiz on the geography, government and actual condi- tions of Germany. Study of syntax and free composition. Second Semester. — Deutsches Lesebuch fur Secunda und Prima. Quiz on the topic Germany continued. Study of syntax and free composition. Course IV. — Two hours per week throughout the year. Study of the German Drama. Its development from the earliest times. Dramatic Masterpieces, especially those of the classic period, will be taken up. Note. — No one eligible to this course who has not had Course III or its equivalent. Course V. — Two hours per week throughout the year. First semester. — Modern German Poetry. Lyrics and ballads. Second Semester. — Modern German Poetry. Epic poetry. Note. — No one eligible to this course, who has not had Course III or its equivalent. Course VI. — Two hours per week throughout the year. His- tory of German Literature. Textbook work, lectures, collateral reading, discussion. YEAR BOOK 27 This course is intended only for advanced students. Every one must first be approved by the instructor before enrolling in this class. Course VII. — Two hours per week throughout the year. Advanced German composition. Special attention is given to the idioms of the language. Reproduction, on the part of the student, of German stories, dictation, etc. Note. — Only students having had two years of German, and who are taking German at the time, will be permitted to enter the class. Course VIII. — Seminar in Modern Languages. NORMAL WORK IN GERMAN. In order that every prospective teacher of German may have the opportunity to train professionally before going out into the active work of teaching, it has been decided to add this feature to the German Department. Every student, desiring to avail himself of this opportunity, is expected to take regular work in German while engaged in the Normal work. The Normal Course is intended to cover the Junior and Senior years of the college course. First Year. First and second semesters. Methods in German. The stud- Credit three hours. Second Semester. — History of Modern Language Teaching. Elements of Phonetics. Analytical-inductive method of teach- ing German Grammar. What and how to select for a reading course in German. Credit two hours. During the entire year the student is required to attend beginning language classes as observer. Second year. First and second semesters. Methods in German, The stud- ent is expected to attend the beginning class in German, assist in looking over and correcting written work as well as work on the black-board for the purpose of personal preparation and teach a class of pupils of high school strength in the afternoon in the presence of the instructor. Discussion and criticism once a week. Credit two hours. FRENCH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE. Course I. — Four hours per week throughout the year. First Semester. — Reading. Easy Prose. 28 ALBION COLLEGE Construction. — Pronunciation; study of the parts of speech; conversation. Second Semester. — Reading of easy prose continued. Construction. — Grammar; French composition; Conversa- tion; The study of Modern Prance. Course II. — Pour hours per week throughout the year. Pirst and Second Semesters. — Reading. Such books as Sand ' s La Mare au Diable; Erckmann-Chatrian ' s ' Madame Therese, Le Conscrit; some easy Prench plays are read and interpreted in Prench. Construction. — Grammar; Prench composition. Conversation. — The study of Prance; its customs and in- stitutions. Course III. — Pour hours a week throughout the year. Pirst and Second Semesters. — Duval ' s History of Prench Literature will be taken up and studied with appropriate selec- tions from Prench authors. The study of the history of Prench Grammar will also be begun. . Course IV. — Two hours per week throughout the year. Prench conversation. Baumann ' s ' Pictorial Prench Course and Prench Daily Life serve as the basis for the year ' s work. Special attention is given to the idioms of the language . Re- production, on the part of the student, of Prench stories, dicta- tion, etc. Note. — Only students having had at least one year of Prench and who are taking Prench at the time wil be permitted to en- ter the class. NORMAL WORK IN PRENCH. In order that every prospective teacher of Prench may have the opportunity to train professionally before going into the active work of teaching, it has been decided to add this fea- ture to the Department of Romance Languages. Every student, desiring to avail himself of this opportunity, is expected to take regular work in the department while en- gaged in the Normal work. The Normal Course is intended to cover the Junior and Senior years of the college course. YEAR BOOK 29 First Year. First Semester. — History of Education (see Pedagogy.) Credit three hours. Second Semester. — History of Modern Language Teaching. Elements of Phonetics. Analytical-inductive method ol teach- ing French Grammar. What and how to select for a reading course in French. Credit two hours. During the entire year the student is required to attend be- ginning language classes as observer. Second Year. First and Second Semesters. — Methods in French. The student is expected to attend the beginning class in French, as- sist in looking over and correcting written work as well as the work on the black-board for the purpose of personal prepara- tion and teach a class of pupils of high school strength in the afternoon in the presence o,f the instructor. Discussion and criticism once a week. Credit two hours. ENGLISH LANGUAGE. Course I.— The Elements of Logical Composition. Three hours per week throughout the year. Required of all Fresh- men. A study of the principles of Rhetoric, together with prac- tice in the construction of exposition and argumentative dis- course. The work is divided equally into recitation from text, writing and criticism of standard examples of English prose. This class will be divided into three sections. Students deficient in the rudiments of composition will be required to do special work to make up the deficiency. Course 11. — The Elements of Literary Compo sition. Two hours per week throughout the year. Required of all Sopho- mores. The study and practice of persuasion, description and narration from the artistic standpoint. Reading and criticism of novels, short stories and lyric poetry. Course III. — A study of English Prose Style. Two hours per week throughout the year. An inductive investigation of the Masterpieces of English prose from Bacon to Emerson, sup- plemented by a study of the various theories of style. 30 ALBION COLLEGE Course IV. — Writing. One hour a week throughout the year. This course is designed to furnish practice for those students who wish to develop the art of writing. No limit is placed on the range of subjects. Open only to those who have had two years of work in the department of English language. The instructor reserves the right to limit the number of this class at his discretion. Course V — Debating. Three hours a week throughout the first semester. Weekly drill in speaking and the drawing of briefs upon assigned topics. Open only to those who have com- pleted Course I. ENGLISH LITERATURE Course I.— -Pour hours throughout the year. First Semester. — English Literature. Prom the beginning to the Revival of Romanticism. Special attention is paid to Chaucer, Spencer, Shakespeare, Milton. Second Semester. — English Literature. Periods studied in- clude Romanticism and the Nineteenth Century in prose and poetry. The text used in both semesters is a Pirst View of Eng- lish Literature by Moody and Lovett. In the Masterpieces the Lake edition is preferred. Note books are made throughout the course. Collateral reading in the college library is required. Course II. — The Romantic Poets. Two hours. Origin and influence of the Romantic Movement. Classicism and Roman- ticism contrasted. Special study, in first semester, of Words- worth and Byron; in second semester, of Shelley and Keats. Course III. — -Prose Masterpieces. Two hours. A study of English prose from Bacon to Emerson, supplemented by a study of the various theories of style. This course is also listed under English Language. Course IV. — The Elizabethan Drama. Three hours. A study of English drama in the age of Queen Elizabeth, its origin and tendencies. A large number of the plays of Shakespeare and of his contemporaries and predecessors will be read and dis- cussed. Course V. — Victorian Poets. A. Two hours. The char- acter and tendencies of English poetry in the reign of Queen Victoria. A special study of Tennyson in the first semester and of Browning in the second semester. Some attention paid to the poetry of Rossetti, Morris and Swinburne. Course VI. — Victorian Poets. B. Two hours. This course YEAR BOOK 31 will involve a careful study of Fitzgerald ' s translation of the Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam, some selected poems of Matthew Arnold, and Tennyson ' s In Memoriam. Special attention will be paid to the attitude displayed toward the problems of life. PUBLIC SPEAKING. Course I. — Elocution. Two hours per week throughout the year. First Semester. — The physical aspects of public speech. Drill in pronunciation, enunciation, variety, directness, the development of vocal purity and of vocal energy. Second Semester. — The intellectual and emotional side o,f public speech. Daily drill on masterpieces of oratory, with the object of cultivating appreciativeness, poise, color, melody and mastery of an audience. .Course II. — A Study of Great Orators. Two hours a week throughout the year. This course combines a study of the lives and works of the world ' s greatest orators with a course in the application of the principles of public speaking. Declamations, briefs, discussions, topical speeches, based on the lives and works of the orator under discussion are assigned, and each student is given the opportunity to put into practice the theories of Course I. Open only to those who have had Oratory I and English I, or who have participated in any intercollegiate debate or oratorical contest. Course III. — Interpretive Reading. The class will analyze and interpret two plays of Shakespeare each semester. The plays will be chosen from the following list: Macbeth, Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, Romeo and Juliet, the Merchant of Venice, Julius Caesar, Twelfth Night, Midsummer Night ' s Dream, As You Like It, The Taming of the Shrew, and Much Ado About Nothing. Only open to those who have had English I. and Oratory I. The Oratorical association of Albion College each year sends representatives to four state oratorical contests: The men ' s In- tercollegiate State Contest, the Women ' s Intercollegiate State Contest, the State Peace Contest and the State Prohibition Con- test. Each year the Association also conducts three intercollegi- ate debates. Students wishing to participate in any of these, are urged to take Oratory I. as early in their course as possible. S2 ALBION COLLEGE HISTORY. Course I. — History of Europe. From the dissolution of the Roman Empire to the beginning of the Twentieth Century. About one-third of the course will be devoted to the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries. Particular attention will be given to economic and social progress in the various European countries. First Semester. — Three hours. Second Semester. — Three hours. Text-books. Collateral reading. Lectures. Course II. — American History. Emphasis will be laid upon the influence of geographic conditions in American history, the development of our constitutional system, the industrial pro- gress of the nation, its tariff history, the anti-slavery agitation and the problems connected with the reco istruction. A. Second Semester. — Four hours. B. First Semester. — Four hours. (Not given in 1911-12.) C. Second Semester. — Three hours. Text-books. Lectures. Collateral reading. Reports. (Not given in 1911-12.) Course III. — English History. Particular attention will be given to the constitutional and economic history of England. First Semester — Four hours. Text books. Lectures. Col- lateral reading. Reports. Course IV. — Methods in History. Course II. or III. is a prerequisite.. Second Semester. — One hour. (Not given in 1911-12). ECONOMICS Course I. — Introductory. A prerequisite to, all other courses in economics. A brief study of the fundamental laws of economic science and of the application of economic prin- ciples to practical problems. Among the topics considered will be value, capital, wages, interest, profit, rent, money and bank- ing, labor laws, labor organizations, taxation and finance, so- cialism, transportation, monopoly, municipal ownership. First Semester. — Three hours. Second Semester. — Three hours. Text-book. Collateral reading. Course II. — Labor Problems and Labor Organizations. A study of the aims, ideals, methods and evolution of organized YEAR BOOK 33 labor in the United States. Unemployment. Wages. Standard of living. Child and Woman Labor. Strikes. Arbitration. Immigration. Profit Sharing. Co-operation. Industrial Educa- tion. First Semestser. — Four hours. Lectures. Text-book. Col- lateral reading. Reports. Course III. — Economic Problems. Custom and Competition. Trusts and Combinations — history, benefits and evils of trusts, methods of control, etc. Railways — history, organization, the- ory of rates, state and national control, etc. Agricultural Eco- nomics. First Semester. — Four hours. Lectures. Text-book. Col- lateral reading. Reports. (Not given in 1911-12.) Course IV. — Socialism and Social Reform. Communism. Socialism. Christian Socialism. Anarchism. The Single Tax Movement. The Social Work Program. Second Semester. — Two hours. Lectures. Text-book. Col- lateral reading. (Not given in 1911-12.) Course V. — Taxation and Finance. Governmental Expendi- tures. History and theory of taxation. The general property tax. The land tax. Income and inheritance taxes. The single tax. Tax reform. Second Semester. — Three hours. Text-book. Lectures. Col- lateral reading. Course VI. — Elementary Statistics. The theory of statistics. Methods employed in statistical investigation. The Census of 1910. Second Semester. — One hour. Exercises . Lectures. Course VII. — Advanced Economics. Problems connected with the distribution of wealth. Second Semester. — Two hours. Lectures. Collateral read- ing. Reports. (Not given in 1911-12.) Course VIII. — Money and Banking. Economics of Finance. Monetary Systems. Principles of Banking. Banking Laws. Foreign Exchange. Credit. Second Semester. — Three hours. Text-book. Collateral Reading. (Offered in the School of Business.) POLITICAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCE. Course I. — History of Civilization. A review of the ele- ments of civilization from an historical point of view. The de- velopment of political and legal institutions, the evolution of 34 ALBION COLLEGE religion and of morals, the growth of commerce, wealth and industrial institutions and the development of literature, art and education. The elements of sociology. First Semester. — Three hours. Text-books. Lectures. Col- lateral reading. Course II. — Government in the United States. A brief study of national, state and local government in the United States. Second Semester. — Three hours. Text-book. Lectures. Collateral reading. Course III. — World Politics. (Not given in 1911-12.) Special attention will be given to conditions in the Orient. In- ternational Arbitration. Second Semester. — Two hours. Lectures. Text-book. Col- lateral reading. Reports. Course IV. — Practical Sociology. A study of charities and correction. Causes of poverty, degeneracy and crime. Private and public relief. Reformatories and prisons. Juvenile de- linquency. The juvenile courts. Visits will be made to. County and State institutions. First Semester. — One hour. (Not given in 1911-12.) Second Semester. — One hour. Lectures. Text-books. Col- lateral reading. Reports. (Not given in 1911-12. COLLEGE MATHEMATICS. The object of this department is twofold, to give mental discipline and to practically apply the principles to the different arts and sciences. Clear thinking and the expression of such thoughts in graphic form or by concise English are emphasized; mechanical methods of obtaining results are avo;ided. Though many of the subjects offered are usually classed under Pure Mathematics, their practical application is given due promin- ence. The wisdom of this course will be easily seen when it is remembered that mathematical principles underlie the great mechanical enterprises of modern civilization. Course I. — College Algebra. First Semester. — Four hours. Course II. — Plane and Spherical Trigonometry. Text, Ly- man and Goddard. Second Semester. — Four hours. Course III. — Analytic Geometry and Differential Calculus begun. The course in Analytic Geometry includes the point, straight line, conic sections and the equation of the second de- gree. First Semester. — Four hours. Text, Tanner and Allen. Course IV. — Differential Calculus completed and integral YEAR BOOK 36 Calculus. Text, Osborne . Second Semester. — E our hours. ♦Course V. — Theory of Equations. Text, Burnside and Pan- ton. Three hours. First Semester. Course VI. — Theory of Determinants. Text, Weld. Three hours. Second Semester. Course VII. — Advanced Analytics. This course is a contin- uation of Course III. It treats of Higher plane Curves, and Geometry of three dimensions. Alternate years. First Se- mester. — Three hours. Course VIII. — Elementary Differential Equations. Text, Murray, Three hours. Second Semester. Alternate years. A two-hours course in Solid Geometry will be organized for college students. Alternate years. Second Semester. Additional courses will be offered when necessary. During the last three years the following courses have been given: Ad- vanced Differential Equations, Advanced Calculus, Modern An- alytics and Projective Geometry. A mathematical club is maintained in connection with this department. The object of this club is to promote interest in current mathematical subjects, and to discuss the best methods of teaching mathematics. APPLIED MATHEMATICS. Course I. — Mechanical Drawing. This course consists of three parts as follows: A. Lettering. — A study of free hand styles and the design of titles for drawings. Text, Wilson ' s Free-hand Lettering. B. Geometrical Construction. — The use and care of instru- ments, and the construction of such curves as the ellipse, para- bola, hyperbola, cycloid and involutes. C. Elementary Working Drawings. — Shop drawings of var- ious machine parts. Tracing. Second Semester. — Two hours. Open to freshmen. ♦Course II. — Descriptive Geometry. In this course problems are solved relating to the point, line, and plane, the properties of surfaces and intersections and developments. Text, Church ' s Descriptive Geometry. Given alternate years. First Semester. — Two hours. Second Semester. — Two hours. Prerequisite. — Applied Mathematics I. Not given in 1911-12. 36 ALBION COLLEGE Course III. — Surveying. — This course consists of recitations, lectures and field work and includes the use of steel tapes, level and rod, and transit, note keeping and computation. Text, Pence and Ketchum ' s Surveying Manual. Given alternate years. Second Semester. — Three hours. Prerequisites. — Mathematics I. and II. ASTRONOMY. This department is necessarily closely allied with that of Mathematics. A clear idea of Spherical Geometry is needed even in an elementary course, and Spherical Trigono,metry is used more and more as one advances. The aim will be to use enough of the wealth of astronomical mythology, biography and history to make this science highly interesting. Course I. — Descriptive Astronomy. Pour hours. First Se- mester. Prerequisites, admission requirements to freshman class in algebra and geometry, and high school physics. An elementary course whose purpose is to give the student a conception of the solar system and the stellar heavens. At- tention will be paid to the constellations and current celestial phenomena. Observations with the naked eye and equatorial telescope. ♦Course II. — General Astronomy. Four hours. Second Semester. Prerequisites, Elementary Physics and Course I. of Mathematics. Based on Young ' s General Astronomy ( revised edition.) Use of equatorial, transit and sidereal clock for the simpler problems of Practical Astronomy; use of Nautical Almanac; star charting; calculation of suitable problems; spec- ial attention paid to observational work. Alternate years. PHYSICS. Course I. — General College Physics. Illustrated lectures, recitations and laboratory work. (Course I. is open to election by students who have satisfied the entrance requirements in high school mathematics and physics.) A. Mechanics and Sound. Four hours. First Semester. B. Heat and Light. Four hours. Second Semester. Course II. — Advanced General Physics. Illustrated lectures, recitations and laboratory work. A. Electricity. Three ho.urs. First Semester. Not given in 1911-12. YEAR BOOK 37 r ■ . B. Electricity and Light. Three hours. Second Semester. Course III. — Physical Problems. One hour throughout the year. This course may be taken in conjunction with or following Course II., A. Course IV. — Electrical and Battery Measurements. Three hours throughout the year. This is a laboratory course involving calculus methods and must be preceded by Course II., B., and a course in calculus. Course V. — Electromagnetic Theory. Two hours through- out the year. This is a course involving calculus methods and is open to students who have completed Course II, B. and Soph- ojnore Mathematics. Course VI. — Theory of Heat and Thermodynamics. Two hours throughout the year. A study of Preston ' s Theory of Heat and lectures on Thermodynamics. Open to election by students who have completed Course I. inPhysics and Sophomore Mathe- matics. (Not given in 1911-12.) Course VII. — Theory of Sound. Two hours. First Semester Lectures and recitations. Calculus methods are employed. Open to election by students who have completed Course I. in Physics and Sophomore Mathematics. Course VIII. — Theory of Light. Two hours. Second Se- mester. Study of Preston ' s Theory of Light. Open to election by students who have completed Course VII. Course IX. — Elements of Electrical Engineering. A. Direct Currents. Two hours. First Semester. B. Alternating Currents. Two hours. Second Semester. Course X. — Advanced Mechanics. Two hours throughout the year. Open to students who have completed Course I. in Physics and Sophomore Mathematics. In this course advanced problems in Mechanics will be studied, to many of which cal- culus methods will be applied. Note: — Of the work described in Courses IV-X, inclusive, not to exceed seven hours will be given during either semester of 1911-12. Those particular co.urses will be given for which there is the greatest demand. Students desiring to elect any of the Courses IV-X are requested to consult with the instructor before the close of the year 1910-11. Classification of Courses with Regard to Future Work of Students. Teaching: Students who expect to prepare themselves to 38 ALBION COLLEGE teach physics should complete, at least, Courses I., II. and III., a total of sixteen semester hours. Technical Work: The head of the department will be pleased to advise with those who desire to take courses ap- plicable to engineering, medicine or pharmacy. CHEMISTRY. Chemistry is taught in Albion College primarily for the pur- pose of making a most important contribution to the general culture of the student, for want of which that culture would be imperfect and unsymmetrical. That the study of chemistry fully justifies itself as a disciplinary study is conceded by all. In ad- dition to this the study is broadly informational and brings the student into an intelligent and practical relation with many of the leading commercial activities of the age. Still further, the McMillan Chemical Laboratory is constant- ly sending out its graduates into the manufacturing world as practical and successful chemists. The courses presented are similar to those of other institutions given under the head of Chemical and Mining Engineering, and our students are, many of them, directing the chemical work of manufacturing concerns. Well trained and capable chemists are in good demand and of- tentimes the laboratory is unable to meet the demand for such trained labor. The laboratory also sends out many successful teachers of chemistry to our leading schools and colleges. It will be noticed that after Courses I, II, III and IV in gen- eral Chemistry are completed the work may divide into several lines depending upon the prospective future work of the student viz: Chemical Engineering, Hygiene, Organic Chemistry, Medi- cine or Pharmacy. All students in Chemistry will pursue the courses under the first heading as these constitute a foundation for those that follow. GENERAL CHEMISTRY Course I. — General Chemistry. Five double hours first se- mester, with lecture table demonstrations, lectures and labora- tory work. Text, Alexander Smith ' s College Chemistry. Course II. — Qualitative Analysis. Five double hours second semester. The reactions of the various metals and their salts YEAR BOOK 39 are studied with a view to their separation and identification and as well to lay a thorough foundation for all subsequent work. The course also includes a special study of oxidation and reduction. Texts, Pall ' s Manual of Qualitative Analysis and Prescott and Johnson ' s Qualitative Analysis. Course III. — Quantitative Chemistry. Pour hours. Pirst semester. Laboratory work twelve hours per week, with lec- tures and recitations, (a) Gravimetric Analysis. The students first analyze substances of known composition in order that they may constantly check the accuracy of their work and that they may study the fundamental processes of gravimetric analysis without the interference of foreign substances, (b) Volumetric Analysis. This includes the study of calibration of apparatus, indicators, acidimetry, alkalimetry, oxidations, and reductions. Special emphasis is placed upon the preparation and use of standard solutions as employed in technical work. Prerequis- ites Courses I and IT. Course IV. — Advanced Quantitative Chemistry. Po,ur hours, second semester. A continuation of Course III, in which the work consists of the analysis of materials of the complex nature such as is met in actual practice. Twelve hours labora- tory work per week. Prerequisites, Courses I, II and III. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING Course V. — Mineralogy. Three double hours, first semes- ter. Text, Moses and Parsons ' Elements of Mineralogy. About forty typical minerals are studied by means of both chemical and physical tests, with a view to their identification and also to learn the methods by which any mineral may be determined. This course must be preceded by Courses I and 11. Given in 1911-12 and each alternate year. The next five courses are included under the general head of Chemical Technology. The work occupies two entire years. They are such studies as are found in courses in the leading universities under the title of Chemical and Mining Engineer- ing. Course VI. — Technical Analysis. Four hours, first semester. Laboratory practice twelve hours per week. This course in- cludes the study of coal, its nature, distribution, heating value and methods of analysis; illuminating gas, its chemistry, analy- sis and manufacture; the analysis of water with reference to its use for commercial purposes. Special emphasis is placed 40 ALBION COLLEGE upon the interpretation of the analytical results. Prerequis- ite, Course III. Course VII. — Portland Cement. Four hours, second se- mester. Laboratory work twelve hours per week. Lecture and quiz one hour per week. Text, Meade ' s Portland Cement. This course includes the study of the raw materials, composi- tion, manufacture and testing of the finished product. Students entering this course must have had Course IV and all preceding courses. Course VIII. — Assaying. Three hours, second semester. Lectures and recitations. Laboratory work eight hours per week. This course includes the study of the methods of fire as- saying and the metallurgy of gold, silver and lead. Text, Rick- etts and Miller ' s Notes on Assaying. Prerequisites, Courses I., II, III and V. Given in 1911-12 and each alternate year. Course IX. — Metallurgy of Iron and Steel. Three hours, first semester. Lectures and recitations. A study of the methods of manufacture and the properties of iron and steel. Text, Hiorns ' Steel and Iron for advanced Students. Prerequisites, Courses I and II. Not given in 1911-12. Course X. — Iron and Steel Analysis. Three hours, second semester. Nine hours laboratory work per week. Text, Blair. This course includes the study of the best known methods of analysis of iron and steel. Prerequisites, Courses III, IV and IX. Not given in 1911-12. Course XI. — Electrolysis. Three hours, first semester. Lab- oratory work nine hours per week. Text, Smith. Will be given in 1911-12 and each alternate year. Prerequisites, Courses I-III, inclusive, and either Batteries or Electrical Measurements. SANITARY, MEDICAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY. Course XII. — Organic Chemistry. Five hours. The study of the text, with lectures, three days per week. Laboratory work in Synthetical Preparation six hours per week. First semester. This course may be taken by students who have com- pleted Course II. The work of the first semester covers a study of the paraffin Hydrocarbons and their derivatives. Text, Per- kin and Kipping. Course XIII. — Organic Chemistry. Five hours. This is Course XII continued through the second semester. The work includes the study of the benzene hydrocarbons and their de- rivatives. Study the text and organic preparations as in the first semester. YEAR BOOK 41 Course XIV. — Sanitary Water Analysis. Three hours. First Semester. Laboratory practice eight hours per week. Given in 1912-13 and each alternate year. Prerequisites. Courses III, XII and XIII — This course is a study of the meth- ods of analysis of water to determine its fitness for domestic use. Special attention is given to the interpretation of analytical re- sults. Course XV. — The Chemistry of Foods. Three hours, second Semester. Laboratory work seven hours per week, lecture one hour per week. Texts, Leach ' s Food Inspection and Analysis and Snyder ' s Human Foods. This course includes a study of the composition, dietetic value and adulteration of foods. Typical methods of analysis are studied in the laboratory. Given in 1912-13 and each alternate year thereafter. Prerequisites, Courses III, XII and XIII. The course includes a study of meth- ods of analysis of food products with a view to ascertaining their strength and purity. Flour, milk, butter and other foods are studied. Given in 1912-1913 and each alternate year. Pre- requisites, Courses III, XII and XIII. Course XVI. — Sanitary Science. Two hours, second se- mester. Lectures and research work. Includes the study of communicable diseases, their orgin, development, spread and prevention; a study of the air, nature, sources of contamina- tion, sewer gas, plumbing, disinfection, ventilation; water, its composition, distribution and pollution; disposal of sewage and house refuse; foods, purity, adulteration, methods of detecting, cooking, diet; clothing; home making. Will be given in 1911- 12 and each alternate year. Course XVII. — Ultimate Organic Analysis. Two hours, second semester. Six hours laboratory work per week. A sep- arate laboratory, thoroughly equipped for this purpose, is pro- vided. Course XVIII. — Normal Chemistry. Two hours each se- mester. Students expecting to teach chemistry will be given work in practice teaching, chemical munipulation and the care and management of a laboratory. Students doing meritorious work in the above courses readily receive advance credit for them in the leading universities, en- gineering schools and medical colleges. 42 ALBION COLLEGE BIOLOGY. Course I. — Zoology. Four hours throughout the year. Three hours weekly are spent in the laboratory in the study of types representing nearly all the more important classes of the animal kingdom. The laboratory work is accompanied by two lectures or quizzes each week, roughly parallel to the labora- tory work, on the comparative anatomy and classification of animals. (a) Protozoans, Sponges, Coelenterates and Echinoderms. (b) Worms, Molluscs, Arthropods and Vertebrates. Course II. — Botany. Six hours. One hour lecture or quiz and two double hours in the laboratory or the field, weekly, throughout the year. While it is desirable that the student entering this course should have had Elementary Botany, it is not required. (a) The processes of plant life; the structure of plants; a systematic study of the lower plants, from Myxomycetes to Fungi. First semester. (b) Continuation of the above, extending the study to the Spermatophytes. A considerable part of the time during the spring may be given to field work in Ecology. Second semester. Course III. — Laboratory Methods and Microscopical Tech- nique. Two hours. Second semester. Two double hours in the laboratory, with lectures or quizzes each week. This course is es- pecially designed for those that expect to teach the natural scienc- es or to pursue the study of medicine. It applies on the Normal Course. It includes: methods of killing, fixing and preserving; section cutting and mounting; the microscope and microscopi- cal methods; testing and proper use of instruments, with re- pair of same; field work; fauna and flora; general care of a laboratory. Those taking this as a normal course will be ex- pected to give a certain amount of time to work with classes in the laboratories. Not given in 1911-12. Course IV. — Advanced Zoology. Six hours. Three hours weekly throughout the year. Acquaintance with the general facts of Zoology will be assumed and the time will be devoted to the philosophy of zoology and to the discussion of leading biological questions. Text, Thompson ' s Outlines of Zoology, lectures and seminar work. First semester. General survey; nature of protoplasm; the cell; animal and plant; heredity; sex; protozoa, origin of the metazoa; coelentera. YEAR BOOK 43 Second Semester. Cursory examination of other inverte- brate types; Vertebrates. Course V. — Embryology. Three hours. A course of three double hours in the laboratory or lecture room per week, dur- ing the second semester. Chief stress will be laid upon Verte- brates, which will be studied comparatively, bringing out the general principles governing their development. PHOTOGRAPHY The theory, processes and applications of Photography, with especial reference to (a) its utilization as an aid to the teacher; (b) artistic photography. Two hours. Second semester. (Not given in 1911-12.) GEOLOGY Prerequisites, Physics, Chemistry and Zoology. A study of the changes at present going on upon the earth; their causes and the records they have left in the rocks; the development of existing surface configurations; the changes in past conditions of physical geography and their consequent reaction upon life systems. Especial attention is given to the development of the North American continent, and to the geo- logical history of Michigan. Three hours each week through- out the year. PHILOSOPHY. Course L — Psychology. First Semester; four hours. This is a course in general psychology. It treats especially of the senses, intellect, the feelings and the will. It will include simple experiments on the primary problems and a careful out- line study of the nervous system. Course II. — Logic. Second Semester; four hours. A course in Formal Logic, presented by means of text books, lectures and discussion. The first part of the semester will be devoted to Deduction, aiming to acquaint the student with the various laws and forms of the syllogism, and with the methods of de- tecting logical fallacies. The second part of the semester is de- voted to Inductive Logic, and treats of inference, induction, 44 ALBION COLLEGE hypothesis, analogy, probability, chance, etc. The relations of Logic to actual life are carefully considered. Course III. — Ethics. Second Semester; four hours. The study and comparison of the methods used in history for the as- certainment of the ultimate principles of Ethics, and the meth- ods of their application to the ordinary conditions of daily life, both for the individual and for the state. Especial attention is given to the most recent views. Course IV. — History of Ancient and Mediaeval Philosophy. First Semester; three hours. The rise and general course of the philosophical systems of Greece and their influence on history. This is followed by a study of the course of philosophical devel- opment in the middle ages and its theological and social con- nections. Course V. — History of Modern Philosophy. Second Semest- er; three hours. A consideration of the characteristic doctrines of Descartes, Spinoza, Locke, Berkeley, Leibnitz, Hume, Kant, Fichte, Schelling, Hegel and some current forms of Sensational- ism, Idealism, Skepticism, Mysticism and Pragmatism. The prin- ciples of thought development and their relation to religion and society will be emphasized. Course VI. — The Philosophy of Plato and Aristotle. First Semester; three hours. An intensive study of the philosophy of Plato and Aristotle, including the study of their more im- portant writings, the historical connections of their philosophy, and their influence in history. Course VII. — Kant and Modern Metaphysics. Second Se- mester; three hours. A study of the problem of knowledge, and Kant ' s solution of it, together with the most recent tend- encies and interpretations. Courses II. and III. will be given in alternate years. Course Til. will be given in 1911-12. Courses VI. and VII. will be given in 1912-13. Courses IV. and V. will be given in 1911-12. PEDAGOGY This work is restricted to Juniors and Seniors. (Note: Students are earnestly advised to adjust their col- lege work so that the Normal Courses may be distributed over the last two years of their college course.) The course of study in this department has been approved by the State Board of Education and students completing it are YEAR BOOK 45 entitled to the Teacher ' s College Certificate, issued by the State Board of Education. Upon a subsequent page, under the general heading COL- LEGE WORK TABULATED, will be found a statement of the specific courses offered as Normal Work. Especial attention is given to the history of education, to the Comparison of Conti- nental Educational Systems with our own, to the subject of School Law and to applied Psychology. In connection with the work indicated above, there are Methods Courses in English, Physics, History, Biology, Chemistry, Latin, German, Greek and Mathematics. The various Normal Courses are offered in connection with work in the the different dpartments of the institution. Applied Psychology, History of Education and School Law are required of all candidates for the Teacher ' s College Certifictae. The remainder of the work candidates should elect, as far as pos- sible, from the departments in which they expect to teach. THE ENGLISH BIBLE. The work in this department is so arranged that the various courses, taken as a whole, gve a complete survey of the English Bible, from different points of view. Each course is continu- ous throughout the year, unless otherwise indicated. Course L — The Gospel. Two hours. The course will begin with a study of the Maccabean and Roman periods of Jewish History, in order that a clear idea of the political, social and historical background of the Gospel History may be secured. Open to preparatory students. Course II. — The Apostolic Church. Two hours. The his- tory and teaching of the Apostolic Church will be studied. Special attention will be given to the political and social con- ditiojis of the times. Open to Freshmen. Course III. — Old Testament History. Two hours. The History of Syria and Palestine will be studied, from the earli- est times to the Maccabean epoch. Open to Sophomores. Course IV. — Biblical Masterpieces. Two hours. The Eng- lish Bible will be studied from the literary point of view. At- tention will also be given to the influence of the English Bible upon English Literature. Open to Juniors. Course V. — Christian Sociology. Two hours. First Semest- er. The course affords an opportunity for the study of the re- 46 ALBION COIiLEGB lation of the New Testament teachings to the solution of pres- ent day problems. Open to Seniors. Course VI. — Evidences of Christianity. Two hours Sec- ond Semester. Text, The Grounds of Christian and Theistic Belief, Fisher. Open to Seniors. Course VII — Greek Testament. Two hours. Especial at- tention will be given to the grammatical and lexical details of the Pauline Epistles. Texts, Westcott and Hort ' s Greek New Testament, Thayer ' s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testa- ment, New Testament Grammar (Moulton, Robertson.) Collat- eral work will be assigned. Open to students who have had two years of classical Greek. Course VIII. — English Bible Seminar. One hour. Oppor- tunity is afforded in the Seminar for original research and criti- cal study of important topics. Reports and theses will be pre- sented for discussion and criticism. Open to college students who have had Courses I and II. Course IX. — Hebrew. Two hours. Harper ' s text books will be used in this course. Open to college students. (Not given in 1911-12.) DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION. This department today is considered a most necessary one in all colleges. It is known that gymnastic training can be so wisely prosecuted that the strength of physical manhood may grow with as much certainty and regularity as the intellect de- velops under systematic and vigorous study. College students, leading a sedentary life, as they necessarily do,, find great value In such exercises as are practiced in a well-ordered gymnasium. General instruction in the Gymnasium is given throughout the year. Enduring strength, activity and grace are the essen- tials striven for, and these, not through feats replete with danger and calling for sustained and arduous work, but rather through exercises that are safe and beneficial to the participant. The director will be pleased to give physical examinations to any desiring them, also to give personal instruction to individuals at any time. Special attention is given to all branches of outdoor sports. It is well known that the terms gymnastics and athletics are not synonymous. The latter is often carried to an extreme that is decidedly harmful; but under the supervision of our di- rector we are sure that outdoor sports can be so conducted as YEAR BOOK 47 to promote health while they contribute to college spirit. The whole athletic life of the col lege is under the supervision of a faculty committee, which, working with the student manage- ment, compels a high standard of class work and makes every effort to reach the highest ideals of morality and purity in all branches of athletics. Through the generous gift of Mr. John Winter and Dr. Oliver H. Lau, of Detroit, supplemented by the gifts of students and friends, a large Athletic Field of twelve acres adjacent to the northern branch of the Kalamazoo river, within two blocks of the Gymnasium, has been purchased. The field provides excellent opportunities for all athletic sports. No student is allowed to represent the College in any inter- collegiate athletic event who is not carrying at least ten hours of work and doing all his work to the satisfaction of his in- structors. PHYSICAL EDUCATION FOR WOMEN Candidates for the A. B. degree are required to take two years of regular class work in gymnastics before graduation. The class exercises are given three times a week and continue throughout the fall and winter term up to Easter vacation. The Spring term is devoted to out-of-door exercise, especially walk- ing and tennis. The aim is to check abnormal tendencies of growth due to attitudes taken in writing and studying, and also to bring about well balanced development of all the muscles in the body. Systematic gymnastic exercise ensures grace of motion, poise and quickness of action. Each young woman is required to take a physical examina- tion before she enters class work. Careful records are made and medical aid advised when necessary. Gymnsium suits and shoes must be the regulation uniform. Suits are secured at a cost of $5. The suits are neatly tailored blue serge. During the first year class exercises are arranged with spec- ial reference to poise. Poise exercises, class drills, class games and elementary fancy steps are taught. During the second year Sweedish and German gymnastics, class drills, class games and fancy steps are taught. COLLEGE WORK TABULATED Semesters 1 2 Latin. Roman Social and Political Life 3 3 Studies in Mythology and Ancient Art 1 . . Roman Public Life 1 Roman Art and Artistic Literature 3 3 Roman Philosophy 3 3 Advanced Latin Grammar 2 2 Latin Pedagogy 2 2 Roman Social Life 1 Odyssey; Greek Historians 4 4 Attic Orators; Attic Drama 4 4 Plato; Greek Epigraphy 3 3 Pausanias; Neo-Hellenic 2 2 Seminar 1 1 Greek Life 1 1 Beginning Greek 1 1 Normal Greek 1 1 GERMAN: Course 1 5 Course 2 5 Course 3 4 Course 4 2 Course 5 2 Course 6 2 Course 7 2 Normal Course 2 FRENCH: Course 1 4 Course 2 4 Course 3 4 Course 4 2 Normal Course 2 Rhetoric and Composition 3 3 Advanced Composition 2 2 Prose Masterpieces 2 2 Writing 1 1 Forensics 3 Greek. Modern Languages. English Language ♦Not given in 1911-12 SemeiiterM 1 2 English Literature. Critical Survey of English Literature. ... 4 4 Nineteenth Century Poetry 3 3 Nineteenth Century Prose 3 3 Theories of Literary Criticism 2 2 Shakespeare 3 Development of the Novel 3 Elocution 2 2 Oratory. Study of Great Orators 2 2 Bible, Hymn and Liturgic Reading 1 1 Shakespearean Interpretation 2 2 History. History of Europe 3 3 American History (A) 4 ♦American History (B. C.) 4 3 English History 4 . ♦Methods in History 1 Economics. Economics 1 3 3 Labor Problems and Organizations 4 ♦Economic Problems 4 ♦Socialism and Social Reform 2 Taxation and Finance 3 Elementary Statistics 1 ♦Advanced Economics 2 Political and Social History of Civilization 3 . . Government in the U. S 3 ♦World Politics 2 Science. ♦Practical Sociology 1 1 College Algebra 4 Trigonometry 4 Analytic Geometry and Calculus 4 4 •Theory of Equations (alternate years) 3 Mathe- matics. ♦Determinants (alternate years) 3 Advanced Analytics (alternate years) . 3 . . Differential Equations (alternate years) 3 Mechanical Drawing 2 2 ♦Descriptive Geometry (alternate years) 2 2 Surveying (alternate years) 2 Astronomy. Descriptive Astronomy 3 ♦General Astronomy ♦Not given in 1911-12 Physics. Semesters 1 2 Mechanics and Sound 4 Heat and Light 4 Electricity 3 Electricity and Light 3 Physical Problems 1 1 Electrical Measurements 3 3 Electromagnetic Theory 2 2 ♦Theory of Heat 2 2 Theory of Sound 2 Theory of Light 2 Elements of Electrical Engineering 2 2 Advanced Mechanics 2 2 General Chemistry and Qualitative Analysis 5 5 Quantitative Chemistry 4 4 Mineralogy (Alternate Years) 3 Technical Analysis 4 Cement Chemistry 4 Assaying (i Llternate Years) 3 Iron and Steel Analysis 3 Electrolysis 3 Organic Chemistry 5 5 ♦Sanitary Water Analysis 3 ♦Chemistry of Foods 3 Sanitary Science 2 Ultimate Organic Analysis 3 ♦Metallurgy 3 Zoology 4 4 Botany 3 3 ♦Laboratory Methods and Microscopical Technology 2 Embryology 3 Advanced Zoology 3 3 Geology 3 3 ♦Photography 2 Psychology 4 Logic 4 ♦Ethics 4 ♦Ancient and Mediaeval Philosophy 3 ♦Modern Philosophy 3 Plato and Aristotle 3 Kant and Recent Philosophy 3 Chemistry. Biology. Philosophy. ♦Not given in 1911-12. 1 2 Semesterii Normal. Applied Psychology 3 History of Education and Continental Educational Systems 3 . . School Law 1 Methods in English 2 . . Methods in Physics 1 1 Methods in History 1 •Methods in Biology (Laboratory Meth- ods 2 Normal Chemistry 2 2 Normal Latin 2 Normal German 2 2 Normal Greek 1 1 English Bible. The Gospels 2 2 Apostolic Church 2 2 Old Testament History 2 2 Biblical Masterpieces 2 2 Christian Sociology 2 . . Evidences of Christianity 2 Greek Testament 2 2 Seminar 1 1 ♦Hebrew 2 2 •Not given in 1911-12 GRADUATION. The degree of Bachelor of Arts will be conferred upon all persons regularly admitted to the Collegiate department who complete, in accordance with our requirements, the prescribed number of courses. Students must be in residence here during their Senior year. Bachelor of Music is conferred on all who complete the course in Music in addition to a full college course. MASTER ' S DEGREE The master ' s degree is not an honorary one and is no longer given in course. It is intended to testify to the recipient ' s act- ual and ascertained progress in some special l ines of post- graduate study. The master ' s degree will be granted to persons who already have received the Bachelor ' s degree and who finish in a satis- factory manner a course of resident, advanced study in Albion College, for a period of at least one year after graduation. The degree may also be granted, under similar conditions to those spending two years in resident study in a non-professional de- partment of another college, or three years in non-professional study in absentia. The work to be done in the two cases last named must, however, be equivalent in the aggregate to that re- quired of resident graduate students. A Major and two Minor lines of work must be prosecuted, one-half of the total amount of work being upon the Major course. The course of study will be under the direction of the com- mittee on Graduate Instruction, acting with the heads of the departments in which the candidate desires to study. Candidates will be required to present a thesis, and pass a satisfactory examination, either oral or written. Bachelors of other colleges of satisfactory grade of scholar- ship may receive the Master ' s degree after one year ' s resident study under the conditions above specified. In all cases where the work to be done embraces original Investigation and research, the candidate may be required also to present exhibits showing the results of such work . Thesis and exhibits must be submitted to the committee be- fore the first of May, and candidates must present themselves TEAR BOOK fi3 for examination during the two weeks prior to Commencement week. The examination will be public. DIPLOMAS. A graduating diploma is given to the student completing a course of Music in the conservatory. A graduating diploma is given to each student completing a full course in the Theory and Art of Painting. A diploma is granted to each student completing either the general business course or the shorthand and typewriting course in the Commercial Department. The above degrees or graduating diplomas are granted onlj on satsfactory examination and payment of the regular fees. ENROLLMENT AND WORK OF CLASS OFFICERS 1. The first day of each semester in devoted to the work of enrollment, the regular class exercises beginning on the follow- ing morning. 2. Class officers are appointed as follows: One each for the Junior and Senior classes, two for the Sophomore class, four for the Freshman class and two for the sub- collegiate students. The duties of these ofiicers are to advise the students as to the course of study, and to make out the study tickets. Each study ticket must have the approval of the class officer noted thereon before the bearer will be permitted to enroll in classes. These ofiicers are supplied with the arrears cards of those under their charge. 3. The student will take his entrance blank to the treasurer, who will furnish him with a receipt for the money paid, re- taining the study ticket. 4. Immediately after chapel on the next morning the student will call at the office and receive cards entitling him to admission to classes. 5. Failure on the part of any student to enroll on the reg- ular day for registration involves an additional fee of one dol- lar. 64 ALBION COLLEGE PRIZES AWARDED ANNUAJiLY. ORATORY. I. — The Berry Prize, established and endowed by the gift of $600 by Bishop Joseph F. Berry, D. D. This prize of $30 a year is awarded to the winner of the first honors in the Annual College Contest in Oratory. The winner also represents the college in the Inter-Collegiate Contest. II. — the Elsie S. Vernor Prize of $2 a year, endowed by Mr. Prank A. Vernor of Albion. This prize is awarded to the winner of second honors in the Annual College Contest, the winner becoming the alternate representative in the Inter-Col- legiate Contest. III. — George Bowen Silliman Oratorical Prize. This in an annual prize of $25 established by Mr. L. Silliman, of Albion, in honor of his son who died while a student in College. The prize is open to competition on the part of all Sophomores who have attained a certain degree of excellence in Sophomore En- glish. n — The Class of 1877 offers an annual prize of $20 to the winner of the Horn Contest. BIBLE FELLOWSHIP This is a permanent fund, the interest of which is used for an annual prize in Bible study. It is expected that in time the Fellowship will become sufficiently large to enable at least one member of each graduating class to spend a year in Biblical research in the American schools in Rome and Jerusalem. Prof. F. S. Goodrich is the treasurer of the fund. SCHOLARSHIPS. Scholarships, as an encouragement to meritorious students and as a recommedation of the highest scholarship, have been founded. The income from these scholarships is sufficient to pay the incidental fees. I. — The Hallock Scholarship, founded by Mr. and Mrs. T. T. Hallock of Climax. A candidate for the missionary field will receive special consideration in the awarding of this scholar- ship. II. — The Robinson Scholarship, endowed by Mr. and Mrs. L. W. Robinson, of Battle Creek. Sons and daughters of super- YEAR BOOK 55 annuated ministers will receive special consideration in the awarding of the scholarship. III. — The Ionia Scholarship, endowed by the members of the Methodist Episcopal church of Ionia, will be awarded to graduates of the Ionia High School excelling in intellectual at- tainments and moral worth. IV. — The AVilliams Scholarship, maintained by Mr. C. B. Williams, of Alpena. V. The Shumaker Scholarship, endowed by S. P. and Susan M. Shumaker, of Centerville, preference to be given to students preparing for ministry or missionary work. VI. — The Hicks Scholarship, founded by Mrs. Alice Hicks, of Lexington, and available for a worthy student of either sex. VII — The Root Scholarship, endowed by Dr. and Mrs. W. W. Root, of Mason. VIII. — The Blackmar Scholarship, endowed by Mrs. E. B. Blackmar, of North Adams. IX. — The Bliss Scholarship, founded by Governor Aaron T. Bliss. X. — The Dwelle-Cook Scholarship, founded by Mrs. Eliza A. Cook, of Hanover. XI. — The Wightman Scholarship, founded by Mr. E. B. Wightman, of Fenton. XII. — The Buck Scholarship, founded by Hon. George M. Buck and family, of Kalamazoo. XIII. — The Elizabeth Hoag Memorial Scholarship, to be as- signed to such young women as are properly recommended and selected by the Woman ' s Foreign Missionary Society. The ben- eficiaries of this scholarship are to be young women v ho are already accepted for work in the foreign field under the direc- tion of the Woman ' s Foreign Missionary Society of the Metho- dist Episcopal church. This scholarship yields more than suf- ficient to pay the fees of a student and will give considerable financial assistance to those receiving its benefits. XIV. — The John Graham Scholarship, established by Mrs. Mary J. Scudder, late of Grand Rapids, Mich., in honor of the Rev. John Graham, D. D. XV. — The Mary J. Scudder Scholarship No. 1, established by Mrs. Mary J. Scudder. XVI. — The Mary J. Scudder Scholarship, No. 2, established by Mrs. Mary .1. Scudder. XVII. — The Gibbins Scholarship, established by John Gib- bins, of Stockbridge, Mich. 56 ALBION COLLEGE INTERCOLLEGIATE DEBATES The Oratorical Committe, under the general supervision of the Professor of English and Oratory, has done excellent work along the line of intercollegiate debates. Albion ' s record for the past eleven years has been an enviable one in this regard. ALBION ' S RECORD IN DEBATES SINCE 1900. HELD AT WON BY 1900 Albion vs. Allegheny. . . .Albion Albion 1901 Albion vs. Allegheny. . . .Meadville, Pa Albion 19 02 Albion vs. Alma Alma Albion 1902 Albion vs. DePauw Albion Albion 1903 Albion vs. Lawrence. . . . Albion Albion 1903 Albion vs. Upper Iowa. . . Payette, la .Albion 1903 Albion vs. DePauw Greencastle, Ind DePauw 1904 Albion vs. Upper Iowa. . . Albion Albion 1905 Albion vs. Lawrence. . . . Appleton, Wis Lawrence 1905 Albion vs. Washington and Jefferson Albion Albion 1905 Albion vs. Kalamazoo. . . Albion Albion 1906 Albion vs. Earlham Richmond, Ind Albion 1906 Albion vs. Alleghney. . . . Meadeville, Pa Allegheny 1906 Albion vs. Ulinios Wesleyan Albion Albion 1907 Albion vs. Allegheny. . . . Albion Albion 1907 Albion vs. Illinois Wesleyan Bloomington, 111 111. Wes. 1908 Albion vs Detroit Law. . . Albion Albion 1908 Albion vs. DePauw Albion DePauw 1909 Allbion vs. Depauw Albion Albion 1909 Albion vs. DePauw Greencastle Ind Albion 1909 Albion vs. Beloit Albion Albion 1909 Albion vs. Detroit Law . . Detroit Albion 1910 Albion vs. Earlham Albion Earlham 1910 Albion vs. DePauw Albion Albion 1910 Albion vs. DePauw Greencastle Ind Albion 1910 Albion vs. Beloit Beloit, Wis Albion No student is allowed to serve on more than one debating team during a college year, nor to serve on a debating team and appear in the State Oratorical Contest during the same year. Students representing the college on a debating team or in a State Oratorical Contest are not permitted to carry more than YEAR BOOK 67 fifteen, nor less than ten hours ' work during the semester in which preparation for the debate or contest is made. RECORD IN STATE ORATORICAL CONTESTS. Nine colleges in Michigan participate annually in an orator- ical contest and during the past four years the record of Al- bion is as follows: In the contest of 1908, Mr. Jay Adams Oakes, of Albion, won first place in the men ' s contest and Miss Lena Weage, of Albion, won first place in the woman ' s contest. In the contest of 1909, Mr. Levi P. Goodwin, of Albion, won first place in the men ' s contest, no woman ' s contest being held. In 1910 Mr. Stanley Howe, of Albion, won first place in the men ' s contest and Miss Lulu LaForge, of Albion, won second place in the woman ' s contest. In 1911 Mr. Harry Young, of Albion, won first place in the men ' s contest and Miss Gertrude Voightlander, of Albion, won third place in the woman ' s contest. PREPARATORY STUDIES TAUGHT For the accomodation of students who may come to us with insufficient preparation, the institution provides certain pre- paratory studies as herein set forth. Upon the completion of 12 semester hours from these subjects, provided the condition as to repuired units is fulfilled a student will be admitted to the Freshman class. Students below collegiate grade will be assigned to class officers who will supervise their work and aid in selecting such subjects as will secure proper sequence. ENGLISH. Course A. — Four hours throughout the year. The fundamental principles of Rhetoric. Study of Figures of Speech. Theme Writing, with Outline in Narration and Description. Course B. — Five hours throughout the year, of which three hours are devoted to Americain Literature and two hours to English Composition. In this course the aim is to make the student ' s work in composition and his work in literature help- ful to each other. First Semester. — Scott and Denny ' s Composition-Literature is the text used. Special practice in spelling. Abernethy ' s American Literature is the text adopted in that subject. Mas- terpieces, indicated in College Entrance Requirements, by Amer- ican authors will be studied in connection with their respective periods. Second Semester. — Original work in Exposition and Argu- mentation. Forms of English poetry. Theme writing. Spelling. American Literature. Masterpieces. Course C. — Four hours throughout the year. First Semester. — English Literature. From the beginning to the Revival of Romanticism. Special attention is paid to Chaucer, Spencer , Shakespeare, Milton. Second Semester. — English Literature. Periods studied include Romanticism and the Nineteenth Century in prose and poetry. The text used in both semesters is A First View of English Literature by Moody and Lovett. In the Masterpieces the Lake edition is preferred. Note books are made through- out the course. Collateral reading in the college library is required. TEAR BOOK 6Q GERMAN. Course A. — Five hours per week throughout the year. ' Reading — Spanhoofd ' s reader serves as the basis for the year ' s work. Construction. — Spanhoofd ' s Lehrbuch der deutshen Sprache is used for drill work and home work. Writing — A well arranged series of copy-books is used. Weekly dictation to test the student in ability to write correctly and to express himself readily in German. Conversation. — German conversation is had from the be- ginning, and German is used increasingly in the class-room as the student advances. Course B. — Five hours per week throughout the year. Reading. — Lutz ' s German reader is used during the year. Construction. — Review (topically) of the work of the first year. German Composition. Conversation. — German is used in the class-room as far as the ability of the student will permit. LATIN. Course A. — Five hours per week throughout the year. First Semester. — An introductory study of the Latin Langu age, supplemented with selections from connected writings. In this semester emphasis will be placed on forms and vocab- ulary. Second Semester. — Continuation of the work of the first se- mester, with emphasis on syntax. Course B. — Four hours per week throughout the year. First Semester. — A graduated series of selections from Fables in Latin, Roman History and biography, including se- lections from Nepos and Caesar. Supplementary studies in Latin prose composition. Second Semester. — Selections from the Orations of Cicero. Continuation of supplementary drill in Latin prose composi- tion. Course C. — Four hours per week throughout the year. First Semester. — Virgil ' s Aeneid, with especial attention to poetics, an appreciation of Virgil ' s style and work, his place in literature, etc. Supplementary review in grammatical prin- ciples, and drill in prose composition and in sight reading. Second Semester. — Continuation of the study of Virgil, and 60 ALBION COLLEGE of the supplementary work. There will be continued emphasis on all that will prep-are for succssful work in College Latin. GREEK. Greek is one of the most beneficial of culture studies. While it is understood that a mastery of Greek gives abundant ment- al discipline, it must be admitted that a knowledge of that language is of value to any student, whether he specializes in technical branches, or in history, literature or philosophy. A large percentage of the nomenclature in the professional branches is derived from the Greek language. At least one year in Latin should be completed before the student begins to study Greek. Course A. — Five hours per week throughout the year. A study of forms and constructions. Translation and prose work. Special preparation for the study of Xenophon ' s Anabasis by vocabulary and construction study. Reading from Xenophon ' s Anabasis, Book I. Collateral study in Greek Grammar. Course B. — Five hours per week throughout the year. Xenophon ' s Anabasis. Review of constructions. Word study. Homer ' s Iliad, Books I-III. A study is made of the rythm of the Greek Epic, the setting of the Iliad, and the peculiarities of the Epic dialect. MATHEMATICS. In this department, pre-eminently, must efficient work be based on a thoroughness in fundamental principles and opera- tions. Accordingly, students are urged to make a careful prep- aration in Arithmetic and Algebra before attempting subse- quent work. In almost all cases where the advanced Mathe- matics have been found difficult, it has been due to defects in the study of Algebra. On the other hand, comprehension and facility in this cornerstone of analytical reasoning very gen- erally lead to rapid advancement, clear understanding and a very satisfactory appreci ation of the higher branches. Arithmetic is taught in connection with the Business De- partment. Course A. — Preparatory Algebra. Five hours per week during the year. A study of the Algebraic symbols, and of the fundamental operations, factoring, fractions, simple equa- YEAR BOOK 1 tions, simultaneous equations, graphs, involution, evolution, theory of exponents, radicals and quadratic equations. Course B. — Plane and Solid Geometry. Five hours per week throughout the year. In Geometry the principal aim is to devel- op logical reasoning power, clear conceptions and accurate lang- uage, to which end the benefits of this branch are well known. A large amount of original inventional work is preformed, and due attention given to the practical applications of the subject. PHYSICS. The course in Physics, in the last year of the preparatory course, will be a five hours course and will extend throughout the year. This course will consist of illustrated lectures, reci- tations and laboratory work. It must be preceded by a course in Algebra and one in plane Geometry. HISTORY AND CIVICS. Course A. — United States History and Civil Government. Five hours per week throughout the year. In addition to the reg- ular text-book, a limited amount of collateral reading will be required. The history work will extend over about two-thirds of the year. The main purpose of this portion of the course is the narrative history and the history of institution making. The latter part of the course will be devoted to a brief con- sideration of our national, state and local government. Special reference will be made to the government of Michigan. Course B. — General History. Four hours per week through- out the year. Grecian History, — a general study of the country, customs, manners and government of Greece. Roman History, — especially designed to acquaint the student, in a general way, with the development of the Roman Constitution. Medieval History, — The Dark Ages, the Renaissance and the Feudal System. Modern History, — a brief study of the Reformation in Germany and England, the revolt of the Netherlands, the growth of absolute monarchy in France, the French Revolu- tion, the progress of democracy during the Nineteenth Century, etc. THE ENGLISH BIBLE. The Gospels. Two hours. The course will begin with a study of the Maccabean and Roman periods of Jewish history, in order that a clear idea of the political, social and historical background of the Gospel History may be secured. Open to Preparatory Students. REQUIREMENTS FOR ADMISSION. The foregoing statement of the work of the Preparatory School presents the provisions made by the institution to fit for college. The larger field of preparation, however, is the High Schools. The faculty of Albion college have long believed that the requirements for admission to college should exhibit a high de- gree of flexibility. They have recognized the fact that the high school exists to meet local wants, and does its work best when it most fully meets such wants. For some years the Faculty of Albion College have been studying this question in the light of all the information they could obtain, with a careful scrutiny of the principles involved and have reached the conclusion that the courses of study best adapted to the purpose of the high school may, and ought to be accepted in preparation for college. We have tried the experiment and found it successful, of taking the student at the point up to which the best schools have edu- cated him, giving him credit for all his work, in the line he has chosen. This practically throws college doors open to a large number of young men who, under the old system, would be de- prived of the advantages provided in the higher institutions of learning. By this plan we do not admit at any lower point of scholarship, but make the lines of study in preparation more flexible, holding that it is training and culture that are needed, which can be secured through superior and adequate range of work, rather than by adherence to the old methods of following always a special line of studies. We have found that a large number of schools of twelve grades — in the quality and extent of work done — may be trusted to prepare for the Freshman year in college; and that many of the schools of eleven grades may be relied upon to fit the pupil for the fourth or highest Sub-Collegiate year. We accept, therefore, without examination of students, the work of the best high schools of twelve grades as preparation for college. Under the same conditions we shall admit into our fourth Sub-Collegiate year from schools of eleven grades which are known to be doing satisfactory work. We advise students to pursue the same general line of work as that in which they have been prepared for college. No one class of work can arrogate to itself the term culture. Many lines of work lead to the same end if intelligently and faith- YEAR BOOK 63 fully pursued, and each brings its possessor power and success. This idea has now so far won acceptance that we present the following alternative requirements for admission. Fifteen units are required for admission to the Freshman Class; a unit is defined as one year ' s work of not less than four recitation periods per week, — provided that in the sciences, lab- oratory periods shall be estimated at one half the rate of reci- tation periods. Of these units the following are required for all: English, three units. Mathematics, two or three units. Physics, one unit. Language (Latin, Greek, French or German,) two units. These two units must be offered in the same language. The remaining units may be offered from among the fol- lowing; and the total number of units, including absolute re- quirements, may be offered to the extent indicated: English, four units. Latin, four units. Greek, three units. German, three units. French, two units. Algebra, one and one-half units. Geometry, one and one-half units. General History, one unit. American History and Civics, one unit. English History, one unit. Physics, one unit. Chemistry one unit. Zoology an d Botany (combined) one unit. Zoology, one unit. Botany, one unit. Physiography, one unit. Any student who has not had a thorough course in both Arithmetic and U. S. History will be required to complete such work before being permitted to qualify as College Freshman. Students who have prepared for college in any particular course will naturally pursue their work through college along corresponding lines. The regulations for admission contained in the preceding paragraphs apply to all schools which, a Have been approved by us; or 64 ALBION COLLEGE b. Have been approved by the faculty of the University of Michigan; or c. Have supplied us with the evidence that, in extent, quality and completeness of work, the pupil has gained the scholarship and culture required to enter our classes. If the school has received formal approval according to (a) or (b) of this paragraph, we shall admit students directly on their di- plomas and certificates. But if the school is not included in one of these classes, and it is desired to enter into relations with Albion College, the course or courses of study must be transmitted to us with such statements in regard to work done as are considered important. This will be preliminary to an adjustment of relations. To be admitted to the College without examination, the student, if coming from a school included in one of the classes (a) or (b), will present his diploma or certificate, together with a letter from the Superintendent or Principal of the school, in- forming us that his work has been thoroughly done, that his habits are studious, and that he possesses capacity for genuine scholarship. On the strength of this, he may be immediately classified. If he comes from a school embraced in class (c) he must present his diploma or school certificate, with a letter from the Superintendent or Principal of the school, certifying to the earnestness and success of his school work. He will then be classified provisionally, according to the tenor of these docu- ments, which classification will be made permanent after a few weeks sucessful study in the institution. Blank forms for the admission of students, with lists of their credits may be obtained upon application. ADVANCED CREDIT On account of the exceptional length and fullness of the courses in some of the best high schools, the graduate some- times finds that he has done more work than is required for entrance into the best colleges. Such a graduate will be able to get advanced credit for some of the subjects taken by ful- filling the following requirements: — (1) Applications for advanced standing shall be presented to the chairman of the committee on Advanced Standing, on or before October 31, of the applicant ' s first year in college, — and not thereafter. (2) Applications for advanced standing should be accom- YEAR BOOK 66 panied by an explicit certificate describing the extent and char- acter of the work done. (3) No application for advanced standing will be con- sidered unless accompanied by a letter from the Principal of the high school from which the applicant graduated, recommending the granting of credit desired. (4) No advanced credit will be given unless the student shall have been in college one semester, and shall have done acceptable work in all his classes. Applications for Advanced Standing shall be considered by the committee on Advanced Standing, and its recommendations shall be reported to the faculty at the second regular faculty meeting in February. DESCRI PTION OF UNITS. The following descriptive outline indicates the amount of preparation expected in each of the subjects which may be of- fered as ulnts. ENGLISH (For reading.) Group I. — Two books to be selected. Shakespeare — As You Like It; Julius Caesar; The Merchant of Venice; Twelfth Night; Henry. V. Group II — One book to be selected. Bunyan — The Pilgrim ' s Progress, Part I. Bacon — Essays. The Sir Roger DeCoverley Papers (in the ' ' Spectator. ) Franklin — Autobiography. Group III — One book to be selected. Chaucer — Prologue. Spencer — Selections from Faerie Queene. Pope — The Rape of the Lock. Goldsmith — The Deserted Village. Palgrave — Golden Treasury (First Series,) Books II and III, with especial attention to Dryden, Collins, Gray, Cow- per and Burns. 66 ALBION COLLEGE Group IV — Two books to be selected. Hawthorne — The House of the Seven Gables. Thackeray — Henry Esmond. George Eliot — Silas Marner. Dickens — A Tale of Two Cities. Scott — Ivanhoe. Scott — Quentin Durward. Goldsmith — The Vicar of Wakefield. Mrs. Gaskell — Cranford. Blackmore — Lorna Doone. Group V — Two books to be selected. Emerson — Essays (Selected.) Ruskin — Sesame and Lilies. Irving — Sketch Book. Carlyle — Heroes and Hero-Worship. DeQuincey — Joan of Arc and the English Mail Coath. Lamb — Essays of Elia. Group VI — Two books to be selected. Palgrave — Golden Treasury (First Series), Book IV, with especial attention to Wordsworth, Keats and Shelley. Coleridge — The Ancient Mariner. Lowell — The Vision of Sir Launfal. Scott — The Lady of the Lake. Poe — Poems. Tennyson — Gareth and Lynette, Lancelot and Blaine, and the Passing of Arthur. Arnold — Sohrab and Rustum. Byron — Mazeppa and The Prisoner of Chillon. Longfellow — Courtship of Miles Standish. Browning — Cavalier Tunes, The Lost Leader, How They Brought the Good News from Ghent to Aix, Evelyn Hope, Home Thoughts from Abroad, Home Thoughts from the Sea, Incident of the French Camp, The Boy and the Angel, One Word More, Herve Rial, Pheidip- pides. Macaulay— Lays of Ancient Rome. YEAR BOOK 67 (For Study and practice.) Shakespeare — Macbeth. Milton — Lycldas, Comiis, L ' Allegro and II Penseroio. Burke — Speech on Conciliation with America, or Washington — Farewell Address, and Webster — First Bunker Hill Oration. Macaulay — Life of Johnson, or Carlyle — Essay on Burns. ENGLISH LITERATURE. The unit in this subject is optional. Stoffard A. Brook ' s English Literature, or any manual of equal grade, may be used for an outline of the subject. MATHEMATICS. The required units include — A. A course in elementary algebra, including the funda- mental operations involved in factoring, factor theorem, frac- tions, simple equations, identities, symmetry, inequalities, ex- ponents, radicals, quadratics, theory and application of graphs, binomial theorem for positive integers, logarithms, proportion, and the progressions. B. The ordinary work of demonstration and construction, covering plane, solid and spherical geometry, as given in such texts as those of Beoman and Smith, Wells, and Wentworth. PHYSICS. The required unit in physics includes an amount represent- ed by Carhart and Chute ' s High School Physics, Millikan and Gale ' s First Course in Physics, or Mann and Twiss ' High School Physics. The instruction in the class room should be supplemented by work in the physical laboratory to the extent of one period a week throughout the year. CHEMISTRY. The unit in chemistry includes an amount of work equiva- lent to that presented in Remsen ' s Briefer Course in Chemis- try. The text book should be accompanied by laboratory work. PHYSIOGRAPHY. The unit in this subject includes an amount represented by Davis ' Physical Geography, or Tarr ' s New Physical Geog- 68 ALBION COLLEGE raphy. The text book work should be supplemented by field excursions, laboratory work, and the general reading of such books as Shaler ' s Outlines of the Earth ' s History, and Aspects of the Earth; Russell ' s Lakes of North America, Glaciers of North America, a,nd Rivers of North America. BOTANY. A course such as is outlined in Bergen ' s Foundations of Botany or Steven ' s Outlines of Botany. This should include at least two double-period laboratory exercises and two recita- tions per week. The student should obtain some familiarity with the more common plants. Notebooks should be kept, with drawings, the same to be presented with other credentials upon entrance. ZOOLOGY. Such a text as French ' s Animal Activities, Jordan and Kel- logg ' s Animal Life or Davenport ' s Introduction of Zoology will be acceptable. Laboratory work should cover ten of the fol- lowing forms or their equivalents: Amoeba, Paramoecium, Hydra, Earthworm, Clam, Snail, Crayfish, Grasshopper, Fish, Frog, Bird or Mammal. So far as possible the study should be made from living animals, noting their habits, adaptations, etc. Notebooks required. BIOLOGY. A course made up of selected parts from the above courses. Especial attention should be called to the fundamental iden- tity of the processes involved in both plant and animal life. Notebooks should cover not only the laboratory work but the conclusions drawn from the class discussions. HISTORY. The units in history are as follows: ( 1 ) General History, with a text equivalent to Myers ' General History to the year 800, one unit. (2) U. S. History and Civics, with texts equivalent to McLaughlin ' s History of the American Nation and Boynton ' s School Civics, one unit. (3) English History, one unit. YEAR BOOK 60 GREEK. The three units in Greek should be made up of the follow- ing or their equivalents: — First Year: Completion of a book in Beginning Greek and one book of Anabasis. Second Year: Three books of Anabasis and one book of Ho- mer; drill in Greek prose composition. Third Year: Four books of Homer; drill in Greek prose composition. LATIN. First year: The completion of a good beginning book, such as that of Collar and Daniel, and the equivalent of one-half of Book I. of Caesar ' s Commentaries, one unit. Second year: The completion of four books of Caesar ' s Commentaries, or the equivalent, and the equivalent of one hour a week in Latin composition throughout the year, one unit. Third Year. The completion of six of Cicero ' s Orations (one of them to be Manilian law), and Latin Composition equivalent to one hour a week throughout the year, one unit. Fourth Year: The completion of six books of Virgil ' s Aeneid, a review of Latin Composition, the study of Latin syn- onyms and scansion of hexameter verse, one unit. GERMAN. First Year: Drill in German pronunciation; elements of German grammar; translation of simple English into German to fix grammatical rules; reading of at least 150 pages of easy German from ' ' Gluck-Auf or Gerber ' s Marchen and Erzahlungen or their equivalent, one unit. Second Year: Review of first year ' s work, Harris ' German Composition or its equivalent; reading of 2 50 pages of short German stories, such as Immensee, L ' Arrabbiata, Das Madchen von Treppi, Waldnonvellen, etc., one unit. Third Year: Review of German grammar and a careful study of German syntax; translation from English into Ger- man; paraphrasing, abstracts; reading of 450 pages of more diflicult prose and poetry, such as William Tell, Jungfrau v. Orleans, Minna v. Barnhelm, selections from the lyrics of Goethe, Schiller, Heine, etc., one unit. 70 ALBION COLLEGE FRENCH. First Year: Pronunciation; inflection of nouns and ad- jectives; pronouns; regular and irregular verbs; translation of easy English into French ; translation from French prose into English; reading of such stories as Gurber ' s Contes et Legendes, Toronot ' s Le Tour de La France, etc., one unit. Second Year: Practice in dictation; review of French grammar; study of idiomatic expressions; translations from English into French; reading of such selections as Foncin ' s Le Pays de France, Victor Hugo ' s Les Chatiments, one unit. CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC. The aim of the Albion College Conservatory of Music is to give to its students not only thorough and systematic technical training in the various musical branches, but that broader culture which is gained through academic training combined with musical study, both of which are the neces- sary equipment of those entering upon a professional career, either as solo artists or teachers. The art of music is so complex and its mastery so diffi- cult, that it is not to be acquired by the study of one of its branches alone. The Conservatory, therefore, so arranges its curriculum that all pupils in its regular courses who are studying to be teachers, singers, or performers on any instrument, shall pursue those theoretical branches which are most necessary in their particular class, together with their general instrumental or vocal practice. The Con- servatory endeavors not only to give the pupil instruction (theoretical and practical) by the most able teachers and modern methods, but to surround him with a musical atmos- phere which shall be at once a stimulus and a discipline; also to afford him opportunities for teaching and for public performance which cannot otherwise be obtained. LOCATION AND EQUIPMENT The Conservatory is located in the South or Chapel Building of Albion College. The entire building is devoted to the conservatory. The rooms for recitations are large, well lighted, well ventilated and well heated. On the second floor is a fine recital hall, with a seating capacity for six hundred people. The equipment of this hall includes a large two manual Hook Hastings pipe organ and concert Grand Piano, and a spacious stage which gives every ad vantage for orchestral and choral concerts, as well as recitals for facul- ty and students. GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT Notwithstanding the remarkable growth of the Conserva- 72 ALBION COLLEGE tory during the past three years, we are glad to say, that indi- cations point to still larger growth and development for the coming year. There have been recently added to the equipment three splendid Steinway Grand pianos of latest design, two Up- rights and a large two manual pedal organ, making Albion Conservatory one of the most finely equipped in the West. The high standard of work in the class room, in the Choral Society, the Saint Cecelia Musical Club, the Orchestra and Band, together with the excellent recitals given by visiting artists during the year, have developed a musical atmosphere, which, from the point of artistic culture, has been stimulating and whol esome to the highest degree. COURSES The following courses are given: L DIPLOMA COURSE Covering from three to four years full work in the Con- servatory and leading to the degree of graduate in music. II. ARTISTS ' COURSE Involving four years in the Conservatory and in addition 25 per cent of the required credits in the College of Liberal Arts necessary for the degree of Bachelor of Arts. This course leads to the degree of Bachelor of Music. III. MUSICAL LITERARY COURSE This course embraces three years ' work in the Conservatory together with the necessary academic preparation requisite for admission to the Freshman Class, and in addition at least one year each in English Literature and the modern languages, German, French and Italian. IV. TEACHERS ' COURSE For work required in this course see outline Teachera ' Course. V. PUBLIC SCHOOL MUSIC This course covers one year — see outline Public School Music. YEAR BOOK 73 VI. POST GRADUATE COURSE See outline Post Graduate Course. Courses II and III are designed especially for students who desire that broader culture which is gained by combining aca- demic training with musical study. VOICE CULTURE AND THE ART OF ftlNGING BRANCHES Voice: (Primary). Languages: Italian, French, German, English and Ameri- can Literature. Solfeggio: Sight Reading, Vocal Chamber Music, a capella, Choir Practice, The Church Service, Chorus. Pianoforte: (Secondary) Technique, Accompanying, Sight Reading, Transposition. Theory: Harmony, Ear Training, Musical History. Art of Teaching, Art of Conducting. OUTLINE OF COURSE The course in Voice Culture covers from three to four years and embraces the following important points in the art of sing- ing: Correct breathing; Natural and easy production of tone; Proper placing of the voice; Developement and combination of the different registers; Perfect enunciation; Legato and sus- tained singing; Solfeggio; English literature; Pianoforte; Technique; Accompanying and Transposition; Theory; Har- mony and Musical History; Style and Interpretation; English, Italian, French and German Songs and Arias; The Oratorio; Concert Repertoire. THEORY MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR GRADUATION Harmony Four Semesters Ear Training Two Semesters Musical History Two Semesters Solfeggio and Sight Singing Four Semesters 74 ALBION COLLEGE PIANOFORTE OUTLINE OP COURSE The Pianoforte course is designed to fit the student for a career as solo artist or teacher, and is thorough and syste- matic in every detail. The required theoretical studies are: Solfeggio, Musical Theory, Harmony and Analysis, Musical History, Counterpoint, Lectures on Orchestral Instruments. Finger exercises and Scales, Sonatinas, Studies and Pieces by Kulau, Kullak and dementi. All forms of technical exer- cises. Scales, Arpeggios, Double Thirds, Octaves, Studies by Czerny, Cramer, Clementi. Pieces by Mozart, Haydn, Bach, Schumann, Beethoven, etc. Sight and Ensemble Playing, Me- morization. In order that students may acquire breadth and versatility in Pianoforte Study they will be required during the course to develop a comprehensive repertoire from the works of the fol- lowing authors: Bach, Handel, Scarletti, Mozart, Haydn, Clementi, Beethoven, Schubert, Weber, Schumann, Mendels- sohn, Chopin, Liszt, Brahms, Greig, Tschaikowsky, and the standard modern composers. THEORY MJNIMXTM REQUIREMENTS FOR GRADUATION Harmony ' . . ( a V Four Semesters Ear Training Two Semesters Musical History Two Semesters Solfeggio and Sight Reading Four Semesters Accompanying: Solo, Chorus, and Orchestra Four Semesters ORGAN OUTLINE OF COURSE It is the aim of this department to thoroughly equip or- YEAR BOOK 75 ganists for church and concert work. From the first, special attention is given to the development of a clean and accurate technic, and an organly style. The course provides for a sys- tematic training in manual touch, pedal technic, registration, the art of accompaniment and service playing, improvisation, the development of aesthetic perception, the study of composi- tions appropriate for church use, and a thorough knowledge of representative works of the best composers. Advanced students can often secure good church positions in Albion and neighboring cities. The following will indicate in general the course pur- sued: Studies: — Clemens, Pedal Studies; Clemens, Organ School; Merkel, Organ School; Thayer, Pedal Studies; Buck, Studies in Pedal Phrasing; Nilson, Pedal Studies. Trios: — Carl, Master Studies for the Organ; Rheinberger, Trios; Merkel, Trios; Schneider, Trios; Bach, Trio Sonatas; Bach-Reger, Inventions. Choral Preludes aud Fugues: — Choral Preludes by Bach, Reger, and others; Bach, Great Preludes and Fugues; Mendels- sohn, Preludes and Fugues; Bach, Toccatas and Fugues. Sonatas: — Sonatas by Mendelssohn, Rheinberger, Guil- mant, Merkel and others.. Symphonies by Widor, Lemare and others. Pieces and transcriptions by Guilmant, Franck, Saint-Saens, Rheinberger, Merkel, Dubois, Rink, Volckmar, Lemare, Faulkes, Wolstenholme, Buck, Reger, Lemmens, Dethier, Hol- lins, Parker, Foote, Smart, Rogers, and others, y Of THE UHWERSITY Of ILLlNOrS, ORCHESTRAL INSTRUMENTS As in the case of the Pianoforte, the regular courses for graduation in Violin, Violoncello and other orchestral instru- ments consist of two parallel branches, to be taken simultane- ously; viz., a special course for the acquisition of technique and study of repertoire, and a general course in Harmony, Analysis, Theory, Sightplaying, Pianoforte (accompanists ' course,) and Orchestral Practice. All advanced pupils are required to attend the rehearsals of the Orchestra unless especially excused; and to play in the 76 ALBION COLLEGE Ensemble and String Quartet classes. All intermediate pu- pils must attend the class in Violin Sight-playing unless ex- cused. All Violin pupils are required to attend the class in Violin Sight-playing for at least one school year before entering the Orchestra. Juvenile pupils having no knowlege of the pianoforte should at least receive an adequate preliminary training in all rudimentary matters, such as rhythm, names of tones, major and minor modes, intervals, staff-notation, and acquire a suf- ficiently trained ear, before commencing the technical study of the violin. Those found deficient or wholly lacking in rudiment- ary musical knowledge are offered opportunities of acquiring it before receiving violin instruction. VIOLIN COURSE PRACTICAL. Elementary. — Technical Exercises, Major and Minor Scales, First to Third position. Pieces and studies by Tours, David, Kayser, etc. Intennediate. — Major and Minor Scales in all positions. Studies by Alard, Kreutzer, Rode. Pieces and concertos by Mozart, Viotti, de Beriot, Rode, etc. Sight playing or Orchestral Class, Normal, Pianoforte, etc. Advanced. — Violin Schools of David, Spohr. Studies by Kreutzer and Rode. Concertos by Spohr, Paganini, Mendels- sohn, Bruch, Saint-Saens, Beethoven, etc. Orchestral Class, Ensemble Class, String Quartet Class, Nor- mal, Pianoforte. THEORY MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR GRADUATION Harmony Four Semesters Ear Training Two Semesters Musical History Two Semesters Solfeggio and Sight Reading Four Semesters YEAR BOOK 77 VIOLONCELLO COURSE. PRACTICAL Elementary. — Kummer ' s method for Violoncello. Tech- nical exercises; major scales in two octaves; studies by Dot- zaiier, and pieces by Fitzenhagen. Intermediate. — Technical exercises by Fitzenhagen, Coss- mann; scales in three and four octaves; studies b y Dotzauer, Lee; Franchomme, and first part by Gruetzmacher, Concertinos and pieces by Romberg, Cossmann, Franchomme, Fitzenhagen, etc. Advanced. — Technical exercises by Fitzenhagen, Klengel, Becker, Burger. Studies by Gruetzmacher (2d part), Piatti Cossmann, etc. Sonatas by J. S. Bach. Concertos by Romberg, Hadyn, Schumann, Saint-Saens, de Swert, Goltermann, Davidoff, Fitzenhagen, Klengel, Lalo, Molique, Dvorak, Eckert, Servais, Volkmann; Lindner. Concert pieces by Servais, Boellmann, Fitzenhagen, Klengel, Tschaikowsky, Faure, Cossmann, Popper, «tc. CONTRABASS COURSE Elementary. — First part of Warnecke ' s New Method of Double Bass Playing. Finger exercises and scales, Simandl ' s Etudes. Intermediate. — Hause ' s Vorzuegliche Uebungen, bowing and wrist exercises. Twelve Etudes by Libon. Orchestral parts of Overtures and Symphonies played by the Orchestral Class. Advanced. — Part 11. of Warnecke ' s Double Bass Method. Simandl ' s arrangement of Kreutzer ' s Violin studies. Contra- bass. Parts of Beethoven Symphonies, Wagner Operas and Symphonic Poems by Richard Strauss. Solos by Sturm, Laska, Goltermann and Bottesini. BRASS AND WOOD-WIND INSTRUMENTS The course of study for the various wind instruments cor- 78 ALBION COLLEGE responds in general with that for stringed instruments. Can- didates for graduation in this department must have complet- ed the intermediate grade of the Piano Course, together with the prescribed courses in Harmony, Ear-training, Musical His- tory, Solfeggio and Sight-Reading. SOLFEGGIO AND SIGHT-READING COURSES The courses in Solfeggio (vocal sight reading) and in Pianoforte and Violin Sight-playing are provided to meet the needs of all pupils deficient in the fundamental principles of music, such as rythm, intervals, scales, etc., and who are unable to read vocal or instrumental music at sight. The attention of all students of music is directed to the course in Solfeggio, which includes both ear-training and sight- singing. The pupils are trained to write, in correct notation; musical phrases, which are played or sung to them, beginning with the simplest phrase in the major mode and pro- gressing until dificult melodies in either major or minor can be notated with ease and facility. The sight-singing course begins with the simplest intervals and rythms, progressing by easy stages until it includes the most difficult passages to be found in modern vocal music. The lamentable lack of the ability to sing at sight on the part of the vast majority of vocalists should commend the Sol- feggio Course to all who are ambitious to succeed as singers, even though theymay not intend to take the course and graduate. What the eye is to the artist the ear is to the musician. Al- though this would seem to be self-evident, there are many who elect to study music apparently without the slightest apprecia- tion of this important truth. Proficiency in advanced sight-singing, and in Pianoforte and Violin sight-playing is strictly insisted upon before gradua- tion from the respective departments. Pupils in graduation courses of the Conservatory are required to pursue the study of Solfeggio during four semesters, unless excused by admission to advanced standing. YEAR BOOK 79 A full course indicates one semester with two hours per week of recitation. Solfeggio I. — (Junior) First Semester. This course may not be entered later than the Junior Class unless excused by previous examination. The mid-year examination consists of 1. Oral questions in Notation. 2. Ear-training. Recognition by ear of the diatonic inter- vals of the major and minor scale. 3. Sight-singing exercises in a given key, in whole, half and quarter notes and rests. 4. Dictation exercises similar to sight-singing. Solfeggio II. — Second Semester. The examination corresponds to the entrance examination of the Senior Class. It consists of 1. Ear-training. Recognition by ear of chromatic inter- vals, major and minor triads and their inversions. 2. Sight-singing exercises with simple modulations in half, quarter and eighth notes and rests, with and without dots. 3. Dictation exercises similar to sight-singing. Solfeggio III. — (Senior.) First Semester. The examination consists of 1. Ear-training. Recognition by ear of major and minor sixth and six four chords. Dominant and diminished seventh. 2. Sight-singing exercises in half, quarter, eighth and six- teenth notes and rests, with and without triplets and dots and involving modulations to the distant keys. 3. Dictation exercises similar to the above. Solfeggio IV. — (Finals.) Second Semester. The examination consists of 1. Ear-training. Recognition by ear of all seventh chords and their inversions, altered chords, suspensions, etc . 2. Sight-singing exercises in quarter, eighth, sixteenth, thirty-second and sixty-fourth notes and rests, with selections from the choral works of Bach, Beethoven, Mendelssohn, etc. 3. Dictation exercises similar to above. Examinations in each course must be passed before the next course may be entered. 80 ALBION COLL.EGB SUPPLEMENTAL During the above courses, which have been arranged in the most systematic and progressive manner possible, will be studied, glees, madrigals, part songs, anthems, motettes and larger musical works by the following authors: Palestrina, Mercadante, Bishop, Smart, Hatton, Sullivan, Haydn, Beethoven, Mendelssohn, Gounod, Cowen, Stainer, Elger, and others. All students pursuing the various courses in the Conser- vatory will be required to complete the above and pass a satis- factory examination in the same. PUBLIC SCHOOL MUSIC There is no work to which skillful, ambitious teachers can g ive themselves, which is fraught with such infinite possibil- ities as work in our Public Schools, since in this delightful en- vironment and at this inspirational period in child life is found the atmosphere in which artistic instincts are stirred, poetic genius fired and the sensitive musical nature aroused and de- veloped. OUTLINE OF COURSE Recreation and Rote Songs: Their value, how to teach them; problems of melody, rythm and tonality — presented and worked out through attractive melodic forms versus the so- called ' ' Dry Technical Exercise. LECTURES AND DISCUSSIONS ON THE FOLLOWING TOPICS Psychology of Child Development; Practical Pedagogy; Care of the Child Voice; Range of the Child voice; Changing of Voice; Qualifications of the Supervisor; His relation to Su- perintendent, Principals and Teachers. The Choral Club: Its place in the music life of the Pub- lic School; how to organize and conduct it. Beautiful inspirational music for supplemental study. Art of Teaching. Art of Conducting. The text books used are: The Modern Music Series Har- monic and Melodic, and The New Educational Music Course. All pupils pursuing this course will be required to attend the lectures in Musical History. Certificates wiU be granted to students completing the course. YEAR BOOK. 81 TEACHERS ' COURSE A special normal course has been arranged for students de- siring to obtain a Teachers ' Diploma in pianoforte, voice and other departments. This diploma ranks the same in merit as that of the Artists course, and involves the same training during the first years of study. The last year of the Teachers ' course, the student directs his attention mainly toward acquiring the best methods of imparting musical knowledge. In order to make the instruction thoroughly practical, pupils of various grades are utilized, thus affording the normal students the advantage of doing actual teaching under the supervision of an experienced master. Pupils taking this course, will be required to take at least one year in the Art of Conducting, during which time they will be given practical experience in occasionally conduct- ing the rehearsals of the Band, the Saint Cecelia Club, and the Philharmonic Society, under the supervision of the Director of the Conservatory. The normal training involved in preparing for graduation necessitates at least one year ' s attendance at the Conservatory. POST-GRADUATE COURSE A post-graduate course has been arranged for graduates who desire to reach a higher standard of excellence. The tech- nical, intellectual and artistic requirements are considerably greater than those for graduation. A prominent object in this course is to provide the student artist with a varied repertoire suited to his musical individuality and to his needs as a public performer. All students are requested to report to the director at the beginning of each semester for classification and assignment. THEORY Candidates for the degree of Bachelor of Music who make Organ their principal subject are expected to complete the courses specified in Group I. All other candidates for the Bachelor ' s Degree must complete the subjects in Group II. Group III. is required of all candidates for graduation in the Musical Literary Course. 82 ALBION COLLEGE Group I: — Harmony Pour Semesters Ear Training Two Semesters Counterpoint and Analysis Two Semesters Musical History Two Semesters Group II: — . . Harmony Four Semesters Ear Training Two Semesters Musical History Two Semesters Harmonic Analysis One Semester Group III: — Ear Training Two Semesters Harmony Four Semesters Musical History Two Semesters All classes recite twice each week, excepting Ear Training, which meets once a week. Classes in Harmony are divided into sections of not more than ten students; in Counterpoint, not more than five. HARMONY First Semester — Notation, scales, keys, signatures, inter- vals, formation and location of triads, chord connections. Sim- ple part-writing from given sopranos and basses, using the prin- cipal triads in the fundamental position. Inversions of the principal triads. The chord of the dominant seventh, with its inversions. The secondary triads in major. Second Semester — The secondary triads in minor. Inver- sions of the secondary triads. Open position. The dominant ninth and the leading tone seventh, with their inversions. Modu- lation to nearly related keys. Harmonizing melodies which modulate. Original work. Third Semester — Secondary chords of the seventh, with their inversions. Altered chords, enharmonic changes, irreg- ular resolutions, modulation to more distant keys. Original work. Fourth Semester — Modulation Continued. Non-harmonic tones, suspension, retardation, appoggiatura, anticipation, pas- sing tone, embellishment, pedal point, melodic figuration and accompaniment. Harmonizing Bach ' s figured chorales. Orig- inal work. Texts — First Term Harmony by Heacox, Harmony by Chadwick. YEAR BOOK 83 EAR TRAINING The student is expected to complete the work in Ear Train- ing before entering the third semester of Harmony A systemat- ic course is prepared, enabling the student to recognize by ear intervals, motives, phrases, chords and their inversions, modula- tions, passing tones, suspensions, imitations, etc One hour per week, throughout the year. Text — Ear Training by Heacox. ANALYSIS (Open only to those who have completed Harmony and Ear Training.) First Semester — Harmonic Analysis. Analysis of the harmonic structure of standard composi- tions. Upon the completion of this course the student will be able to reduce any composition to four part harmony, and ac- count for all foreign tones. Text — Harmonic Analysis by Cutter. Second Semester — Analysis of Form. The student is required to write examples of the motive, section, phrase, period and primary forms. Study of the com- posite forms, the theme with variations, dance forms, the tern- ary form, rondos, and the sonata. Analysis of the Beethoven Sonatas. The contrapuntal forms, the fugue and the double fugue. Text — Musical Form, Bussler-Cornell. COUNTERPOINT (Open only to those who have completed Harmony and Ear Training.) First Semester — Simple counterpoint in the five species in two, three, and four parts. Mixture of species. Text — Simple Counterpoint by Lehmann. Second Semester — Simple counterpoint continued. Com- bination of species. Double counterpoint, including counter- point in the tenth and twelfth. Triple and quadruple counter- point. Counterpoint in five, six, seven and eight parts. Third Semester — Canon in all intervals in two, three and four parts. Free imitation. Fugue begun. Fourth Semester — Two, three and four-part fugues. Vocal fugues. Fugues with two or more subjects. 84 ALBION COLLEGE HISTORY OF MUSIC (Required of all candidates for graduation.) This course comprises two recitations each week throughout the year, tracing the development of musical instruments, forms, styles, and ideals, from the beginning of the Christian Era to the present. Much attention is given to the study of representative works of the more important composers. The text furnishes a bare outline, much information being gathered from assigned collateral reading in the college library, which is available to the students of the Conservatory. Text. — Out- line of Musical History by Hamilton. DIPLOMAS Diplomas are awarded to candidates passing the final ex- amination in any of the following departments, namely, piano- forte, voice, pedal organ, musical theory, violin, violoncello and orchestral instruments. Candidates for graduation should present their petitions to the Conservatory faculty for consideration at least one year before commencement. Beginning with 1912 all candidates for the Degree of Bach- elor of Music will be required to complete the full amount of work indicated in group 1, Theoretical Course. EXPENSES Voice, Piano, Organ, Orchestral and Band Instruments. The tuition fees are as follows for each semester: — Head of the Voice Department — Two lessons per week (thirty minutes) $50.00 One lesson per week (thirty minutes) $30.00 Head of the Piano Department — Two lessons per week( thirty minutes) $45.00 One lesson per week (thirty minutes) $25.00 TEAR BOOK 8fi Head of the Organ Department — Two lessons per week( thirty minutes) $45.00 One lesson per week (thirty minutes) $25.00 Head of the Orchestral Department — Two lessons per week( thirty minutes) $45.00 One lesson per week (thirty minutes) $25.00 Other Instructors — Two lessons per week (thirty minutes) $38.00 One lesson per week (thirty minutes) $20.00 Public School Music — Two lessons per week in class $10.00 Harmony and Counterpoint — Two lessons per week in class $10.00 Solfeggio and Sight Reading — Two lessons per week in class $ 5.00 Musical History — Two lessons per week in class $ 5.00 Philharmonic Society j saint Cecelia Club f Instruction Free Orchestra and Band i Ear Training J Diploma Pee $6.00 Certificate Fee $3.00 An incidental fee of $3.00 per semester, part of which is to defray the expenses of Artists ' Recitals. FREE PRIVILEGES The following FREE advantages are offered to all College and Conservatory students who are musically qualified. The Philharmonic Society numbering two hundred voices, which studies and presents to the public from time to time such works as Handel ' s Messiah, Mendelssohn ' s Elijah, Hadyn ' s Creation, Gounod ' s Redemption and similar works. The Saint Cecelia Musical Club, composed of fifty of the choicest ladies ' voices in the Conservatory, and constituting one of the finest artistic organizations in the West. 86 ALBION COLLEGE The Orchestra and College Band. Weekly rehearsals are held of both chorus and orchestra. The experience and drill under so eminent a conductor as Mr. Cozine are of the greatest value, especially to those preparing for professional work. The library, which contains 21,000 volumes and all lead- ing periodicals of the day, is free to the students in the Con- servatory. There is a well equipped gymnasium with general instruc- tion by competent teachers throughout the year, which is free to the students of the Conservatory. Thus it will be seen that the free advantages available at the Albion Conservatory, are a liberal education in themselves. SCHOOL OF PAINTING The primary object of this department is to arouse in the pupil a sense of the beautiful, and when that sense has been called forth, to enable him to adequately express it by means of some artistic production. A further object is to conduct the pupil with thoroughness from the simplest rudiments up to a knowledge of the higher branches of art, giving as far as possible, a perfect understanding of all work entered upon. It will be seen by reference to the Course of Study in Painting, that the student receives instruction in the elementary courses of drawing. These can be taken in the class with others who are in this and the Literary deparment. Then, special and indi- vidual attention is given to the study of object drawing, draw- ing from casts, perspective, landscape, figure, flower and fruit painting, in oil, water colors and pastel; and to decorative painting and design. The Art Department connected with the College adds much to the needed practical side of education. Professor Thompson of the Worcester Technical Schools, tells us that a boy who spends two hours a week in drawing, and the rest of his time at the bench, learns his business faster, and becomes more skillful in it than one who works all the time. Again, ' ' It is calculated that the productive efficiency of every machine shop would be increased thirty-three per cent, if every journeyman could read any common working drawing and work by it. But it is well known that art study, besides having tangible value in its relation to manufacture, is designed to promote improvement in taste. The highest and best purpose of any attainment is that which ministers to the intellectual wants of man. A work of art is the harmonious and beautiful arrangement of certain lines, spaces and colors. In order that the ingenuity and originality of the student, as well as his appreciation of the beautiful, may be fostered, he is required to study composi- tion which deals entirely with such arrangements. The sketch class works out of doors in the Pall and Spring, and during the Winter a life sketch class is conducted. Land- scape study from nature is much more easily and more agree- ably accomplished here at Albion than in the large cities as the College buildings are located near the open country, and many 88 ALBION COLLEGE beautiful scenes are found along the Kalamazoo River, not a quarter of a mile from the studio. As far as possible, the instruction in this deprtment is in- dividual, thereby insuring to each pupil a greater amount of attention than could be given in class work. Students or pupils outside the college may enter at any time during the year by making special arrangements with the head of the department. METHOD AND SCOPE OF WORK. Fifteen hours per week. Course I, — Beginning with outline drawing in charcoal from simple objects. Course II. — Drawing in charcoal from simple casts, cubes, spheres, etc., with instruction in perspective. Covirse III. — Outlining and shading from casts of different parts of the human figure, and perspective talks. Course IV. — Drawing from still life and simple casts. In charcoal. Course V. — Head and figure antique cast work. Course VI. — Full length antique figure work. Still life color work. Course VII. — Antique work. Charcoal work from nature. Course VIII. — Color and black and white work from nature. Course IX. — Color work from nature, and black and white work from living models. Course X.— Color Work from living models. Composition is absolutely required. Illustration will be given to five or more pupils. Theory of Art. — Comparative Aesthetics with lectures on color, composition, tone value and the different media employed in painting. NORMAL COURSE. In connection with the Art Department Miss Woolsey has established a course of normal training for teachers, which will include the drawing taught in the public schools. She has had experience as supervisor of drawing in the Sagi- naw West Side Schools for fifteen years having seventy to eighty teachers under her supervision. This department is organized for teachers who wish to make a thorough study of color, form and drawing, also black- board illustrating. THE SCHOOL OF BUSINESS. Is located in pleasant and well equipped rooms, occupying the first floor in the North College Building The object of this department is two-fold: 1. It gives to all who may wish to engage in business pur- suits an opportunity to fit themselves in the most practical man- ner possible. 2. It affords an opportunity to students in other depart- ments, at their option, to take some work in the Business or Shorthand courses, thereby enabling them to meet every-day business problems intelligently and enlarging their possibili- ties for remunerative employment. REQUIREMENTS FOR ADMISSION. Anyone with good moral character and sufficient ability to pursue the prescribed studies can enter at any time and pur- sue any study he desires. The instruction in bookkeeping, pen- manship, shorthand, typewriting, etc., is largely individual, and so may be taken up with profit at any time. CHARACTER AND SURROUNDINGS. The school affords, in every respect, a thoroughly adequate, modern business training. Capable instructors devote their en- tire attention to the interests of its students. As a department of Albion College, it offers rare opportunities, such as attend- ance at College Literary societies, high class musicals and lec- tures, the use of a well equipped gymnasium and a library of twenty thousand volumes, membership in the Y. W. C. A. or Y. M. C. A., and the wholesome moral influence of association with the earnest young people whom the college attracts. The School of Business is a strong commercial school and a morally safe place for young people. 90 ALBION COLLEGE COURSES OF STUDY. BUSINESS COURSE First Semester Second Semester Bookkeeping and Business Bookkeeping and Business Practice Practice Commercial Arithmetic Commercial Arithmetic Rapid Calculations Correspondence Penmanship Spelling Spelling Typewriter Billing Commercial Geography Commercial Law Typewriting SHORTHAND COURSE. First Semester Second Semester Shorthand Shorthand Typewriting Typewriting Penmanship Spelling Spelling Correspondence Rapid Calculations Bookkeeping and Billing Letter filing Mimeographing COMBINED COURSE First Semester Second Semester Bookkeeping and Business Bookkeeping and Business Practice Practice Shorthand Shorthand Typewriting Typewriting Penmanship Correspondence Spelling Spelling Rapid Calculations Billing YEAR BOOK gl ACTUAL BUSINESS BOOKKEEPING. We use the Actual Business method at the start. A stu- dent must meet office conditions to learn them. On entering he is given a cash capital and takes his place in a business community. He opens his books in his own name, using the current date. He then goes to the bank, kept by one of the students, signs signature book, deposits his capital and receives his book of checks and pass book. He next purchases his books and stationery, and pays his rent at the real estate office, by his personal check receiving his lease in due form, after which he orders his stock of goods represented by small cards, from one of the wholesale houses in another city. On receipt of his stock of goods, he is notified, pays freight, signs expense bill, takes his goods and receipts and proceeds to trade with his fellow students, as directed in his routine, executing all papers as in real business. In order to carry on our work, the school is provided with BANKING, COMMISSION, TRANSPORTATION AND WHOLESALING facilities. In this department the student is given work to do and is advanced from time to time until he has filled the var- ious positions in each. The subordinate positions vacated by him as he is advanced are recruited from the elementary class. To carry on this work successfully, we have our office depart- ment provided with large office books, necessary blanks, letter- press, etc. The work in various offices the student finds exceed- ingly interesting and profitable to him. The responsible posi- tions in which he is placed from time to time in each, teach him the many responsibilities falling upon those who are engaged in positions in real business. BUSINESS ARITHMETIC. The object of this course is to enable the student to obtain not merely a theoretical knowledge of the subject, but to make a practical application of arithmetic to the various branches of commerce. BUSINESS CORRESPONDENCE. To conduct successfully the correspondence of a business concern requires study and experience. Special attention is given to a terse, forceful style of expression. 92 ALBION COLLEGE COMMERCIAL LAW. The law of contracts, commercial paper, agency, partner- ship, corporations, sales, public service companies, and insur- ance, with reference to the legal rights and liabilities arising in the conduct of business. SHORTHAND DEPARTMENT. The demand by business concerns, literary men and wo- men, etc., for young men and women to act as stenographeris and typists, is constantly increasing. We teach both of these branches most thoroughly in our business department. We shall hereafter offer two systems of shorthand — the Graham as the principal one and the Gregg as representing the light line systems. It is very desirable for shorthand teach- ers to have a knowledge of both systems. Four-fifths of the persons who apply to us for stenograph- ers and typists desire someone who is a good plain writer and can assist as bookkeeper and in other office work. Hence it is greatly to one ' s advantage to pursue the study of shorthand and typewriting in a school where thorough instruction in bookkeep- ing, business forms, penmanship and office methods may be re- ceived at the same time. Business men and others desiring the services of stenographers demand that they have a thorough knowledge of the English branches. We have excellent facili- ties for giving thorough instruction, to those who need it, in all of these branches without extra charge to the student. TYPEWRITING. Special care and attention are given to the students in this work under the direction of an expert operator. Each student is assigned a definite amount of work until a certain proficiency is reached with ability to handle and rapidly execute the various requirements of office work. He is also thoroughly instructed in the proper use and care of the machine. We use only stand- ard machines in our school; Remington, Underwood and L. C. Smith have the preference. We teach the latest method — the Touch System. The work in Grammar, Correspondence and Spelling is the same as outlined in the regular Commercial Course. A short course in bookkeeping is recommended for short- hand students. There is no extra charge. DIPLOMA AND POSITION. Upon the satisfactory completion of the prescribed Bu«i- YEAR BOOK 93 ne«s or Shorthand course, the student is granted a diploma. We do not guarantee positions to our graduates, but we always take pleasure in recommending or aiding a worthy student, who is well qualified, in every effort to secure a situation. There is an increasing demand for amanuenses and bookkeepers who are willing to work, and one who thoroughly prepares him- self is sure of obtaining profitable employment; in fact we stand ready to assist such to a position. We have, during the past year, assisted many of our stu- dents to positions, and could have located many more had we possessed the proper material. EXPENSES. For rates of tuition, see table of expenses. BOOKS AND STATIONERY. The books and stationery required for the Commercial course cost about $8 to $10. For the Shorthand and Type- writing, about $4 to $6. The Penmanship course will require only a few quires of good paper, pens and ink, that will cost but a small sum. We request all persons who contemplate entering a school of this kind to call on us, inspect the workings of the school, or write us before making a final decision. Address Geo. L. Griswold, Principal, Albion, Mich. BUSINESS MAN ' S COIiLEGE COURSE. Owing to the increasing demand in the business world for college trained young men, the faculty of Albion College has instituted a three years ' course, leading to the degree of Bach- elor of Commercial Science. It is generally conceded that if all business men were thoroughly trained in the underlying principles involved in commercial activities, those who find it necessary to go into bankruptcy would be comparatively few. REQUIREMENTS FOR ADMISSION. Candidates for Diploma from the Business Man ' s Course should have had a four years ' high school course, or equivalent. Applicants eighteen years old, or above, however, may pursue the part of the course for which they are prepared while mak- ing necessary preparation in the preparatory department for the remainder. Students not high school graduates should present a detailed statement of training and business experience. 94 ALBION COLLEGE THE COURSE First Year 1. 2. English German, French or College Algebra Bookkeeping Arithmetic Penmanship 3 4 4 4 English German, French or Trigonometry Bookkeeping Salesmanship and Correspondence 3 4 4 4 Second Year 1. 2. English, German or French Banking and Adv. Accounting Shorthand and Typewriting Commercial Law I. 4 3 5 3 English, German or French Auditing and Adv. Accounting Shorthand and Typewriting Commercial Law II. 4 3 5 3 Third Year 1. 2. English, German or French Economics Physics or Chemistry Business Administration Christian Sociology 4 4 4 1 2 English, German or French Money, Banking and Finance Physics or Chemistry Normal Training Funds and Uses 4 3 4 2 2 Ten hours ' credit in Economics may be substituted for Shorthand and Typewriting. Ninety hours credit will be re- quired for graduation. Ask for circular describing the new course in Salesmanship. YEAR BOOK 95 COMMERCIAL TEACHERS ' COURSE. There is a large field in high schools, colleges and business colleges for well equipped commercial teachers. Such teach- ers readily find remunerative employment. This course is es- pecially designed as adequate preparation for teaching posi- tions. First Year. Same as the Combined Course on P. 89 Second Year. First Semester — Second Semester — Commercial Arithmetic Methods in Shorthand Commercial Law I. and Bookkeeping Advanced Accounting Commercial Law II. Rapid Calculations Advanced Accounting Methods in Pennmanship Money and Banking and Arithmetic. The entrance requirements are practically the same as for the Business Man ' s Course. Teachers of experience may be able to complete the course in less than the time suggested. ADVANCED STANDING. Students who have satisfactorily completed subjects in the Business and Shorthand courses will receive appropriate credit. Certified credit at other colleges in work essentially equivalent to this course will be similarly credited. High school credits in Bookkeeping will not be accepted unless complete sets of books are presented. OPPORTUNITIES. A graduate of this course can soon command a high salary as accountant, auditor, manager, cost keeper, newspaper re- porter or expert reporter. The extra time given to prepara- tion will prove a wise investment. He will be able to start at a higher salary in a better position, to advance rapidly and at- tain to the highest positions in the commercial world. 06 ALBION COLLEGE GRADUATION. Candidates for Diploma must have completed ninety hours ' work in a satisfactory manner; Diplomas will be granted only upon merit. The degree of B. C. S., Bachelor of Commercial Science, will be conferred upon those who come with, or make up entrance requirements equivalent to those of the literary de- partment, and complete the subsequent work satisfactorily. We have prepared a special prospectus of the Business Man ' s Course, describing in detail the work required and containing other matter of much interest to those who are contemplating preparation for teaching or positions as higher accountants. Ask for it, if interested. EXPENSES. Matriculation fee, paid but once f 6.00 Incidental fee, per semester 20.00 Laboratory fee, (cost of material used) Graduation fee. Literary Department 10.00 Graduation fee. Conservatory or Art 6.00 Graduation fee. Business 5.00 FOR MASTER ' S DEGREE. Enrollment fee $10.00 Examination fees, Major 15.00 Examination fees, Minor, each 5.00 Diploma fee 10.00 NORMAL COURSE. Tuition for the course, if paid in advance $ 6.00 If paid as work is taken — for whole course 8.00 CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC. See page 83. SCHOOL OF PAINTING. Incidental fee, per semester $ 3.00 Instruction three hours daily, per semester 30.00 Instruction two hours daily, per semester 23.00 Instruction one hour daily, per semester 15.00 SCHOOL OF BUSINESS. Incidental fee, per semester $ 3.00 Business Course, per semester 30.00 Shorthand Course, per semester 30.00 Business-shorthand Course, per semester 40.00 Use of typewriter, per semester 2.50 Besides the regular courses there will be classes to accom- modate those from other departments who wish to take spec- ial work as follows: — 98 ALBION COLLEGE Bookkeeping, per semester, five hours a week $10.00 Penmanship, per semester, five hours per week 5.00 Penmanship, per semester, three hours per week 4.00 Commercial Arithmetic, per semester, five hours 6.00 Commercial Geography, per semester, three hours per week 6.00 Commercial Law, per Semester, three hours a week. . . . 6.00 Typewriting, per semester, five hours a week 5.00 Typewriting, per semester, ten hours a week 9.00 Shorthand, alone, per semester, five hours a week (for college students) 10.00 GENERAL STATEMENTS. No part of incidentals or tuition in any department is re- funded when student leaves before the end of the semester, un- less by special arrangement. Payment of incidentals entitles the student to the use of the Gymnasium and instruction in gymnastics, use of bath, etc., without additional charge. The following points are worth noting: 1. Some students find opportunities for manual labor by which they defray expenses of board in part or in full. 2. Very largely students form boarding clubs, in connec- tion with which the cost is about $2.50 a week. These clubs are managed on a principle to secure excellent board as some- thing below the usual rates. 3. Board costs in private families usually about two dol- lars and fifty cents a week, in some places less than this. Rooms are provided at from fifty cents to two dollars a week. THE EMPLOYMENT BUREAU. For several years a systematized effort has been made to provide work for students desiring it. Through the kindly co- operation of the people in the city, employment has been given to a considerable number of students. All students desiring employment should register or correspond with the committee as early as possible There are no fees charged by the bureau. The members of the committee are Professors Frederic S. Goodrich and Delos Fall and Mrs. Helen K. Scripps. APPOINTMENT COMMITTEE The faculty undertakes to serve our students and especially members of the graduating class in the matter of securing suit- able positions. To this end the appointment committee has been designated and this committee will endeavor to ascertain the 100 ALBION COLLEGE existence of vacancies and to bring together school officers in search of suitable teachers and candidates whom the committee can recommend as qualified to fill the given positions. The chairman of the committee is Professor Delos Fall. CLOSING EXAMINATIONS. 1. Except by special arrangement approved by vote of the faculty, all students must be present at examinations and the closing recitations of the semester, or no credit will be given for the work pursued. 2. Students absenting themselves from the closing or ex- amination work will not, unless such absence is caused by sick- ness or other unavoidable conditions, be allov ed to take the omitted examinations until they occur in regular order with the next class. 3. All conditions or ' ' incompletes must be removed with- in a year from the date of the examination in order to obtain credit without again taking the work in class. ATTENDANCE. 1. Persons coming to Albion for the purpose of entering any department of the College are subject to its government from the time of the ir arrival; and whenever a student has en- tered the College, he is under its jurisdiction until his connec- tion is formally closed by graduation or otherwise. 2. Uninterrupted attendance upon College duties during term time is required. Under ordinary circumstances visiting home or friends is discouraged. 3. No student is permitted to leave town without permis- sion of the President or Dean, CHAPEL SERVICE. On ©ach school day, religious services are held in the Col- YEAR BOOK 101 lege Chapel, which all students are required to attend. Dis- regard of this regulation works forfeiture of membership in the institution. Aside from the benefits to be derived from these devotional services, the students have an opportunity each day to meet the President and Faculty for guidance in their work. The unity of movement and the largest efficiency in the prosecution of their studies cannot be secured without the daily convening of all students. CHURCH ATTENDANCE. On Sunday morning, students are required to attend public worship at such church as they or their parents or guardians may select, and each student is expected to be uniform in his attendance at the church of his choice. On Thursday evening is held the general weekly prayer-meeting, which, though a voluntary service, is attended by a majority of the students. SOCIETIES. No literary or other society can exist in connection with the college unless by permission granted after the constitution and by-laws of the same shall have been submitted to the Faculty for examination, and shall have received their approval. When- ever the workings of any society shall be deemed prejudical to the Interests of the institution, such society shall be dissolved. The times and places of the meetings of the societies will be subject to regulation by the Faculty; and all meetings, whether of secular societies or any other body of students, shall be open for the attendance of any member of the Faculty or of the Board of Trustees. No society in the College may invite any lecturer to address them in public until the name of the proposed lecturer shall have been laid before the President, and he shall have given permission to extend the invitation. There are seven literary societies connected with the Col- lege, the Eclectic and Atheniaedes Society, the Sorosis, the Zetalethian, the Forum, the Pierian, the Philomathean and the Delphic. These organizations are expected to do work up to the grade of College culture, — essays, orations, debates, liter- ary criticisms. 102 ALBION COLLEGE ORATORICAL COMMITTEE. The oratorical committee is composed of two members from each literary society, one from each fraternity and sorority, and two members of the faculty. This organization, consisting of twenty-two members, is responsible for the College oratorical and debating interests, and has in charge the annual Mock Con- gress and such other interests as concern the work of literary societies. CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATIONS. L — The Young Men ' s Christian Association was organized several years ago, and is having a vigorous life. It offers a splendid opportunity for all young men in the College to secure religious instruction and Christian growth, and to do personal religious work. The Young Woman ' s Christian Association furnishes sim- ilar opportunities for young women. The associations have a large and well furnished room in Robinson Hall. II. — In addition to the Bible instruction given by the Fac- ulty, six or eight courses are offered during the year in each association. In these classes over two hundred students are enrolled. Most prominent among these courses are Studies in the Life of Christ, under Professor Goodrich. Other courses are Studies in the Psalms, Prophesies, Acts and the Gospels. Very helpful in the training of Christian workers are the Bible training classes in methods. III. — Careful attention is given to the study of missions. A mission class is maintained throughout the year, in which excellent courses in the History and Methods of Missions and in Missionary Biography are pursued. To supply the needs of these classes, each assocatiion sends from two to five students to the Lake Geneva Summer School for special training. The Mission Band consists of ' ' volunteers, who propose to enter the foreign work. The social work of the association is by no means a small feature. At the opening of the school year all trains are met YEAR BOOK 103 by committees from each association, and all possible assistance is given in securing rooms and board, enrolling, etc. The As- sociation information bureau seeks to give all needed informa- tion to new students. The associations are strictly interdenomi- national, thoroughly and practically Christian, and generally helpful. CO-OPERATIVE ASSOCIATION. One of the greatest items of expense to a college student is books. He must read much and read thoroughly. In order to do this well he must not depend on borrowed books, but must have books of his own to which he may refer frequently. The Albion College Co-operative Association was organ- ized December, 1893, for the purpose of furnishing text-books and all other books to the students. Faculty and alumni at re- duced rates. From the first, the association has had phenomenal success. It has reduced the price of books from ten to forty per cent, and at the same time it has been put upon a firm paying basis. Dur- the short time it has been doing business it has sold $50,000 worth of books, all of which have been sold directly to the stu- dents and members of the faculty. There is a growing tendency on the part of the students to form libraries of standard books, and thus their work in the class room is greatly facilitated. Any book may be procured through the association, whether it is kept in stock or not. We have at present seven hundred and fifty members. Up- on the purchase of eight dollars worth of books, any student or former student is entitled to a life membership, with all the privileges attaching thereunto, including discount upon all books purchased. HONORS, CLASS OF 1910 Valedictorian — Louis C. Mathewson. Salutatorian— Genevieve Ranger. HONOR LIST. Each instructor is permitted to report to the Registrar an honor student out of every twenty, or major fraction thereof, pursuing a given subject. It is the duty of the Registrar to receive these reports, reduce them to a common basis and furn- ish the President on Commencement Day with the names of the ten who stand highest on the list. During the college year 1909- 10 there were 70 students in the four college classes who were reported for honors by various instructors. The eleven stand- ing highest on the list were announced on Commencement Day, 1910. Their names are given below, arranged in alphabetical order. Evans, Edna Coldwater Evans, Harriet Coldwater Field, Florence E Flint Harrison, Grace Mt. Pleasant Masten, Bernice La Grange, Ind. Mathewson, Louis C Mancelona Moore, Floyd Moscow Passmore, D. Fred Ortonville Patterson, Vera C Albion Putnam, Mark Ovid Steere, A. Prudence Crystal CANDIDATES FOR GRADUATION Evans, Robert G. DEGREE OP A. M. Farley, Fred L. Mathewson, Louis C. DEGREE OP A. B. Blanchard, Arthur Brown, Prentiss M. Carpenter, Ruby A. Clifford, Harry H. Coates, Belle Coates, Francis A Cross, Preston A. Davis, Ward L. Donigan, Horace P. Evans, Robert G. Pitch, Albert French, Charles Wallace Gildart, Ralph Gillett, Beula Harris, Harley H. Harrison, Grace M. Hendricks, Emily B. Hollinshead, Melvin A. Howe, Stanley H. Howell, Clarence V. Ketcham, Edith M. Leeson, Emma E. Worthington, Lord, Roy C. Luther, Edward T. Mcintosh, L. Minnie McUmber, Zora Miller, Anna Mae Miller, Charles R. Miller, Lyle H. Moore, Mildred Newcomer, Edna Olson, Oscar T. Patterson, Vera C. Smith, J. Clifford Smith, Lucius L. Stewart, Leroy W. Strong, P. Harry Swanson, John K. Taylor, Lefa Hazel Tonkin, Ethel A. Tyrrell, H. Irene Van Wagoner, Ethel M. Wheatley, Marshall A. White, Olive G. Plorine. CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC. DEGREE OP BACHELOR OF MUSIC. Armstrong, Grace Austin Tyrrell, H. Irene PIANO. Caldwell, Beulah Ellison, Vesta VOICE. French, Ward Sisson, Gladys Matteson, Roma Smith, Mrs. Marguerite 106 ALBION COLLEGE ORGAN. Tyrrell H. Irene PUBLIC SCHOOL MUSIC. Bangham, Leila Bradt, Gladys Covert, Edith Desmond, Martha Griffin, Rhodora Hamma, Sarah J. Hess, Lucile Keene, Pearl Mathews, Florence Newell, Vera Parsons, Florence Powrie, F. Emily Sackett, Alta Shoup, Lulu Teeple, Florence Wells, Susie Wright, Etta ART DEPARTMENT. Hall, Winifred M. Mathews, Florence Newell, Vera ART COURSE. Mathews, Florence NORMAL COURSE. Ramsay, Mary Sisson, Gladys Schenck, Lucile Shoup, Lulu SCHOOL OF BUSINESS. BACHELOR COMMERCIAL SCIENCE, Aberle, J. Alvin Crawford, Elmer Lomprey, Ivan Ahrens, Harold Baker, Earl Hamma, Byron Hands, Feleniece Harrison, Samuel J. Jameson, Charles H. COMBINED COURSE. Livesay, Berniece McCuaig, Finley Manvel, Ina McLane, Ernest Nash, Clifford Young, Carlton YEAR BOOK 107 Auringer, Geal Burns, Winnifred Conrad, Mary Davis, Floyd Dean, Ethel Foill, Wilma Gilbert, Lloyd Brazee, John Correll, Ovid SHORTHAND COURSE. Holtz, Amel King, Emma Nelson, Hazel Perry, Addie Russell, Luella Slowey, Loretta BOOKKEEPING COURSE. Benson, Clay TEACHERS ' COURSE. Moore, Gladys CANDIDATES FOR STATE TEACHERS ' CERTIFICATES. Carpenter, Ruby A. Coates, Belle Davis, L. Ward Evans, Robert G. Fitch, Albert French Charles Wallace Gillett, Beula Harrison, Grace M. Ketcham, Edith M. Leeson, Emma E. Mcintosh, Minnie McUmber, Zora Miller, Lyle H. Newcomer, Edna Patterson, Vera C, Stewart, Leroy W. Taylor, Lefa Hazel Tonkin, Ethel A. Tyrrell, H. Irene VanWagoner, Ethel M. Wheatley, Marshall A. White, Olive G. POST GRADUATE STUDENTS. Becker Arthur L Pyeng Yang, Korea Evans, Robert G Coldwater Harrison, Grace M Mt. Pleasant Mathewson, Louis C Mancelona SENIORS. Adams, Merrill C Calumet Blanchard, G. Arthur .Sand Lake 108 ALBION COLLEGE Brown, Prentiss M St. Ignace Carlyon, Edward L Iron Mountain Carpenter, Ruby A Pellston Clifford, Harry H Union City Coates, Belle Morrice Coates, Francis A Morrice Cross, Preston A Augusta Davis, L. Ward Albion Donigan, Horace F Millington Evans, Robert G Coldwater Fitch, Albert L Byron Center French, Charles Wallace Muskegon Gildart, Ralph S. . Albion Gillett, Beula M Albion Harris, Harley H Albion Harrison, Grace M Mt. Pleasant Hendricks, Emily B S. Haven Hollinshead, Melvin A Pt. Clinton, O. Howe, Stanley H Howell Howell, Clarence V Gagetown Ketcham, Edith- M S. Haven Leeson, Emma E Manchester Lord, Roy C Jackson Luther, Edward T Gr. Rapids Mcintosh, Minnie Romeo McUmber, Zora Charlotte Miller, Anna M Parma Miller, Charles R Wyandotte Miller, Lyle H Athens Moore, Mildred Gr. Rapids Newcomer, Edna E Monroe Olson, Oscar T Ann Arbor Patterson, Vera C Albion Smith, J. Clifford , Albion Smith, Lucius L Jackson Stewart, Leroy W Lowell Strong, F. Harry Battle Creek Swanson, John K Wyandotte Taylor, Lef a Hazel Lawrence Tonkin, Ethel A Caro Tyrrell H. Irene Windsor, Conn. VanWagoner, Ethel M Albion Wheatley, Marshall A Gladwin YEAR BOOK 109 White, Olive G Union Mills, Ind. Worthington, Florine Hartford JUNIORS. Adams, Gwendolen H Calumet Baker, Ethel R Albion Bean, Leona Albion Bechtel, Vera P Detroit Bemer, Clarence W. . . Albion Clancy, R. Paul Albion Clark, Fred E Albion Crawford, Genevieve R Eaton Rapida Cunningham, Bissell Marlette DeCou, Albert H Albion Doty, Mabel E Albion Exelby, Frances A Britton Folks, Maude Pulaski French, Ward A East Tawas Furman, Hazel K Wixom Harrison, Fred H Albion Henderson, Ralph H St. Johns Hudnutt, Dean Hanover Hume, Carac Lansing Jelsch, John Romeo Karr, Harrison M Lapeer Kelley, Gladys H Marshall Lampman, Fred E Butterfield Lee, Jay L Bay City McConnell, Aaron H Albion Moore, Margera Albion Newcomer, Susie M Monroe Osborne, Geo. A Whittemore Ostrander, Russell P Lansing Packard, Ivan Grand Rapids Parker, Ruth E Cadiz, O. Pettibone, Ethel Albion Roberts, Riggie R Gladwin Robinson, Leroy T Joliet, 111. Seelye, M. Othello Durand Sessions, Harold P Benton Harbor Shattuck, Marquis E Pontiac Stone, Ruth A Hopkins Strong, J. Stoughton Albion Sturtevant, Rhoda Owosso no ALBION COLLEGE 1 ubbs, Edna E Albion Voigtlander, Gertrude Albion Weston, Glennie Battle Creek Young, Harry H Benton Harbor SOPHOMORES. Allen, Viva L Clinton Baker, Claude P Townley Baker, Mary Albion Boyer, Edward S Bangor Buchanan, Edna Reading Cheney, Mina L Adrian Connolly, Roy T Detroit Coors, D. Stanley Shelby Crawford, Elmer S Milford DeCou, Marguerite Orion Desmond, Martha Albion Dickie, Brockway Albion Dyer, George W Caro Dysinger, Fred D Ionia Ellinger, Henry W Albion Emmons, Owen A Albion Evans, Harriet E Coldwater Eveland, E. Augusta Mayville Pallass, Chas. H Petoskey Field, Florence Flint Finlay, Hazel Battle Creek French, Marguerite Muskegon Punk, L. D Athens Gambee, Luzette R Albion Gay, Arthur E Albion Gibbs, Mildred S Albion Gleason, Hazel L Marshall Harton, Wm. C Albion Hartt, Geo. W Albion Hicks, Walter W Coloma Hill, Hazel G Oneida, N. Y. Hodge, Myra M Detroit Huckle, Arthur W St. Clair Iddings, Dorothy Charlevoix Lamb, Burley F Hillsdale Letts, William P Flint Lewis, Clayton A Lamb Loucks, Blanche H Grand Rapids YEAR BOOK 111 Luck, Blanche H St. Clair Madison, Orrin E Ovid Merrill, Ernest J Grand Blanc Meisenheimer, Isabel Albion Miller, Bessie E Albion Nagle, Dow D Albion Owen, Ruth A Detroit Passmore, Fred D Swartz Creek Pilcher, Raymond P Albion Pinkerton, Mildred Detroit Plumb, Leon P Albion Pope, Delia Mt. Pleasant Reed, Starr Coldwater Robinson, Harold H Manistee Rulison, Esther, P Plint Russell, Luella G Bay City Seipp, Oral W Okemos Slocum, Wm. W Caro Sluyter, John B Towanda, Pa Smith, Ned R Albion Spike, Victor H Gladwin Steere, A. Prudence Crystal Stephenson, Clarence Shelby Stinchcomb, Florence Marshall Tubbs, Glenna Albion Tubbs, Lula L Albion Vernor, Richard E Detroit Wang, Sui Chinkiang, China Wheatley, Benj. W Gladwin White, George I Marshall Whitmer, Harriet M Burr Oak Wilbur, Ralph G Albion Wilcox, Ina J Battle Creek Wilson, W. Harold Albion Wolcott, Fern Hanover Wunch, Ida A Grand Rapids FRESHMEN. Adams, Jas. E Sterling, 111. Aldrich, John A Sault Ste. Marie Allen, Howard B Pontiac Atkinson, Vern E Marlette Babcock, Ray E Galien Beach, Clayton W Muskegon 112 ALBION COLLEGE Benjamm, Fay E Sand Lake Bird, Vernon E Williamston Brown, Jas. A Ionia Buell, Alice R Galien Carmichael, Arleen V Hudson Cook, Ernest L Colon Cooley, Mabel L Charlotte Cooper, Agnes Marengo Crumb, Homer A Coloma Desjardins, Helen M Kalamazoo Desjardins, M. Lucile Kalamazoo Dick, Clifton W Muskegon Dratz, Elsa B Muskegon Dunphey, Nettie M Cedar Springs Ely, Clarence R Highland Park English, Kenneth L Pontiac Evans, P. Elmer Sterling, 111. Fall, Donald Albion Fallass, Mary Petoskey Farley, Geo. D Battle Creek Fee, Amy Marlette Fisher, Howard St. Johns Footitt, Frank F St. Johns Gardner, Helen B Sturgis Gleason, Bessie E Marshall Gordon, Elbridge M Azalia Graham, Gladys C Greenville Granger, Ralph H Morenci Greene, Eric E Richmond Griffin, Clare E Traverse City Griffin, Rhodora M Shelby Hall, Winifred M Lawton Hafford, Clinton S .Albion Hartman, Ernest V Hartford Heavener, Francis J Royal Oak Heber, Otto J Harrison Hickok, Frances L Plainwell Howe, Viola L Howell Howell, Augusta E Saginaw Hume, Lula E Lansing Hungerford, Estelle Battle Creek Hunt, Gladys B Springport Iddings, Constance Charlevoix YEAR BOOK 113 Jameson, Charles H Elkton Jannasch, Fred H Galien Kelly, Con W Galien Kirkpatrick, Grace Unionvill© Laberteaux, Irene B Niles LaPranier, Kate B Bay City Lambertson, Floyd Edmonton, Can. Landon, Marguerite Battle Creek Lewis, Peirce Battle Creek Lohr, Herbert M Berrien Springs Luce, George P Napoleon Lusty, Frank A Britton Lyttle, Stephen H Shelby Mayne, John A Charlevoix McAra, Grace A Davison McCurdy, Howard V Mason Mershon, Fred J Kalamazoo Miller, Wm. A Sturgis Molyneaux, Lola Auburn Monteith, Ellsworth, J Martin Morehouse, Edna Jackson Nichols, Floyd H Martin Oakes, Ora P East Tawas Packard, Frances E Grand Rapids Packard, Alice M Grand Rapids Palmer, Wm. C Cedar Peatling, John H Kalamazoo Percival, Elizabeth Lake Odessa Perrott, Arthur B Pulaski Peterson, Ralph L Decatur Pettibone, Letitia P Albion Phelps, Wendell Bay City Randall, Howard M Tekonsha Ranney, Earl Pontiac Reed, Erma L Albion Reed, Marshall Ousted Rogers, Ruth M Edwardsburg Rorabacher, Ruth Battle Creek Sackett, Alta B. S Eckford Seeley, Jas. B Detroit Shepard, Bert H Lake Odessa Slater, John E Albion Slee, Lois G Ovid 1 1 4 ALBION COLLEGE Smith, Bernadine N Marengo Smith, Carl A Albion Smith, Jennie Morley Smith, Raymond _ Grand Ledge Smith, Russell J Sparta Spencer, Roscoe D Battle Creek Sproat, Howard Grand Rapids Stacks, Mayf red Charlevoix Steele Eugene B Galien Steele, Nettie Albion Steffe, David Ernest Albion Stephenson, Bird R Muskegon Stevenson, Fern Vassar Tiffany, Walker E Royal Oak Trese, Aletta Bay City Turner, Sadie B Flushing Tyndall E. Jean Cedar Springs VanPatten Dewitt C Litchfield Walker, Louise Clare Walworth, Otto L Reese Wartman, Eunice Albion Waterloo, Helen W Richmond Wearne, Richard D Allegan Wesley, Arthur F Marengo Westen, Rex Northport Whear, Wm. H Kearsarge Wilson, Mary H Marlette Wilson, Stanley R Newark, Ohio Withee, Floyd M Marengo Wright, Ida L Albion PREPARATORY AND UNCLASSIFIED. Barr, Mary Elizabeth Albion Behling, Emma West Center Bender, Beulah M Wickes, Ark. Benson, Louise A Munith Bostwick, Lyle D Kalamazoo Bowen, Mearl H Union City Burns, Winnifred E Union City Cassidy, Leonard Chicago, 111. Correll, Ovid M Albion Covert, Edith M Flint Dean, Ethel M Jackson DeLand, Roy W Kalamzoo 115 YEAR BOOK Elliott, Bernice E Crystal Valley Fox, Millie E Grand Rapids Gallagher, Sherman Bay City Gilbert, Lloyd O Albion Goodenow, Ardene A x lbion Goodrich, Frederic Harrison Albion Hall, John H Stalwart Hart, Carl Albion Hichens, Herbert N Lelant, Eng. Houghton, Etta E Nashville Hurley, Amber H Albion Hurst, George R Reese Jackson, Harry W Dundee Keefer, Karl H Byron Center Kendall, Chas J Albion Riesling, Earle L Shaftsburg LaForge, Blanche Saginaw Leudtke, Marie Albion Liddicoat, Henry Cornwall, Eng. Lowe, Gladys C Ovid Lutes, Hanley J Adair Lynd, Robert D Detroit Mapes, Floyd C Minden City Moore, Gladys Hanover Moored, Glenn W Burdick ' s Corners Morgan, Ethel W Kalamazoo Morgan, Vera L Kalamazoo Morrow, Orville W Birmingham Murden, Cool W Albion Norton, Grace L Petoskey Oberg, Otto N Gladwin Ott, Harry G Buffalo, N. Y. Pease, Glenn R Ft. Collins, Colo. Potts, Thomas Detroit Ramsay, Mary A Nessen City Rogers, Sarah Marshall Rose, Grover Buchanan Rowe, Richard Cornwall, Eng. Schenck, Lucile Cass City Seipp, Artliur J Okemos Shaw, Spencer T Calgary, Alberta Sheppard, Willis Caro Smith, Addie Owosso 116 ALBION COLLEGE Smith, Genevieve Albion Smith, Mabel Ithaca Steere, Letty E Crystal Stokes, Byron D Union City Strong, Gerald Homer Talbot, Jos. A. G Rockview Teeple, Florence Deckerville Vernor, Frank D Detroit Wait, Iva Auburn Weidenhammer, Wm. J Albion Williams, Orpha Reading Willits, Gertrude Albion Wilson, George Hartlepool, Eng. Wochholtz, Louis Albion CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC. POST-GRADUATE. Collier, Ethel Springport Salisbury, Myra Albion Wellman, Edna E Litchfield Wesbrook, Arthur E Middleville PIANO. Atkinson, Vern Marlette Baker, Ruth E Albion Barr, Flossie Albion Buchanan, Annamae Montague Buchanan, Edna Reading Bonney, Cecil East Tawas Caldwell, Beulah Battle Creek Cozine, Estelle Albion Cozine, Ruth Albion Dean, Clark Albion Dean, Ethel Albion Dratz, Elsa B Muskegon Dunsford, Bernice Marlette Eastman, Floyd B Albion Ellison, Vesta R Kinde Eveland, E. Augusta Mayville Fallass, M. Marguerite Petoskey YEAR BOOK 117 Fox. Millie E Grand Rapids Gardner, Lila B Petoskey Groom, Ruth Maple Rapid Hall, Winifred Lawton Hatch, Irene Horton Henderson, Pearl M Harrisville Houghton, Etta E Nashville Huffer, Morse Albion Iddings, Dorothy Charlevoix Keene, Pearl B Grand Rapidg LaPranier, Kate Bay City Lowe, Gladys C Ovid Marker, Iva Edenville Marsh, Frances Albion Parker, Georgina M Concord Parsons, Florence L Saint Clair Ramsay, Mary A Nessen City Reynolds, Mable Laurium Seelye, Erma L Bad Axe Sisson, Gladys B Freeport Slade, Lucy. ... Iron Mountain Smith, Addie E Owosso Smith, L. Genevieve Albion Smith, Pearl Marlette Soulby, Elma Leoni .Flint Stevenson, Fern Vassar Teeple, Florence A. . . Deckerville Trese, Aletta Bay City Vernor, F. Dudleigh Detroit Wilder, Audrey . ' Albion Wildey, Gena C . Burlington Williams, Orpha Reading Wills, Alfred Marshall Wilson, Coral Albion Wilson, Florence Marlette Woolf itt, Jessie Bay City York, Veda M Climax VOICE. Atkinson, Vern Marlette Baker, E. Ruth Albion Buchanan, Annamae Montague Collier, Ethel Springport Covert, Edith Flint 1 1 8 ALBION COLLEGE Coors, Stanley Shelby- Evans, Harriet E Coldwater French, Wallace Muskegon French, Ward East Tawas Gibbs, Mildred Albion Good, Minnie M Albion Graves, Mrs. H. E Parma GrifRn, Marjorie Albion GrifRn, Rhodora Shelby Groom, Ruth Maple Rapids Hamma, Sarah J Union City Hendricks, Emily B South Haven Hess, Lucile Napoleon Hodge, Myra Detroit Houghton, Etta E Nashville Iddings, Constance Charlevoix Ketcham, Edith South Haven LaFranier, Kate Bay City Langworthy, Ina P Albion Lowe, Gladys Ovid Marker, Iva Edenville Matteson, Roma Albion Mathews, Florence L Iron Mountain Nagle, Marjorie Albion Newcomer, Edna E Monroe Nichols, Floyd H Martin Ostrander, Russell P Lansing Parsons, Florence L Saint Clair Powers, Maud E : Litchfield Powrie, F. Emily Saint Clair Pritchard, Marjorie ■ Albion Ramsay, Mary A Nessen City Roberts, Riggie R Gladwin Salisbury, Myra C Albion Schenck, Lucile Cass City Seelye, Erma L Bad Axe Shoup, Lulu M Reese Sisson, Gladys B Freeport Smith, Mrs. Marguerite Albion Smith, Mary Albion Smith, Pearl Marlette Sturtevant, Mrs. E Albion Thoms, Chas. W , Three Rivers 119 YEAR BOOK Tillotson, Marie Jackson Vernor, Dudleigh Detroit Vernor, Richard E Detroit Wartman, Eunice Albion Wellman, Edna, E Litchfield Wells, Susie M North Adams Wesbrook, Arthur E Middleville Wheatley, Ben W Gladwin Wheatley Marshall A Gladwin Wildey, Gena C Burlington Williams, Orpha Reading Wilson, Coral Albion Wilson, Florence Marlette Woolfitt, Jessie Bay City Young, Harry Benton Harbor HARMONY. Atkinson, Vern Marlette Barr, Flossie Albion Bonney, Cecil East Tawas Caldwell, Beulah Battle Creek Covert, Edith Flint Ellison, Vesta R Kinde Eveland, E. Augusta Mayville Fallass, Marguerite Petosky Fox, Millie Grand Rapids French, Ward East Tawas Gardner, Lila Petosky Hall, Winifred Lawton Hamma, Sarah J Union City Hatch, Irene Horton Henderson, Pearl Harrisville Hess, Lucile Napoleon Houghton, Etta Nashville Iddings, Constance Charlevoix Keene, Pearl Grand Rapids Marker, Iva Edenville Reynolds, Mabel Laurium Schenck, Lucile Cass City Seelye, Erma Bad Axe Sisson, Gladys Freeport Slade, Lucy Iron Mountain Smith, Genevieve Albion 120 ALBION COLLEGE Smith, Pearl Marlette Strong, Gerald Homer Teeple, Florence A Deckervllle Thoms, Charles W Three Rivers Trese, Aletta Bay City Tyrrell, Irene Conneaut, Ohio Vernor, Dudleigh Detroit Wells, Susie North Adami Wesbrook, Arthur Middleville Wilson, Coral Albion Woolfltt, Jessie Bay City York, Veda Climax ORGAN. Atkinson, Vern Marlette Covert, Edith Flint Fox, Millie E Grand Rapidg French, Wallace Muskegon Gardner, Lila Petoskey Hatch, Irene Horton Henderson, Pearl Harrisville Soulby, Elma Leona Flint Vernor, Dudleigh Detroit Wellman, Edna Litchfield VIOLIN. Bohm, Albert Albion Dibble, Victor Albion Hesse, Ruby Elkhart, Ind. Moore, Mildred Grand Rapids Shepard, Don J Litchfield ' CELLO. Singer, Clarence, Hillsdale White, George Marshall CLARINET. Bohm, George Albion Kelley, Lee Litchfield FLUTE. Kempton, Rockwell Hillsdale Nowlin, Warren Albion TROMBONE. Rouse, Glenn Jonesville YEAR BOOK 121 CORNET. McKone, Ross P Albion PUBLIC SCHOOL METHODS. Bangham, Leila Albion Bradt, Gladys M Lyons Buchanan, Annamae Montague Covert, Edith Flint Desmond, Martha Albion Griffin, Rhodora Shelby Hamma, Sarah J Union City Hess, Lucile Napoleon Keene, Pearl Grand Rapids Kingston, Rena M Tekonsha Mathews, Florence L Iron Mountain Newell, Vera A Napoleon Parsons, Florence Saint Clair Powrie, F. Emily Saint Clair Sackett, Alta Marshall Shoup, Lulu Reese Teeple, Florence Deckerville Wells, Susie North Adams Wellman, Edna Litchfield Wright, Etta S Albion MUSICAL HISTORY. Barr, Flossie Albion Bonney, Cecil East Tawas Buchanan, Annamae Montague Bradt, Gladys Lyons Ellison, Vesta Kinde Eveland, Augusta Mayville French, Ward East Tawas Fox, Millie Grand Rapids Griffin, Marjorie .Albion Groom, Ruth Maple Rapids Hamma, Sarah J Union City Hatch, Irene Horton Henderson, Pearl Harrisville Kingston, Rena Tekonsha Parsons, Florence Saint Clair Powrie, Emily Saint Clair Reynolds, Mable Laurium 122 ALBION COLLEGE Shoup, Lulu Reese Teeple, Florence Deckerville Trese, Aletta Bay City Tyrrell, Irene Conneaut, O. SIGHT SINGING Atkinson, Vern Marlette Barr, Flossie Albion Bonney, Cecil East Tawas Buchaaan, Annamae Montague Bradt, Gladys Lyons Dunsf ord, Bernice Marlette Ellison, Vesta Kinde Fallass, Marguerite Petoskey Griffin, Marjorie Albion Griffin, Rhodora Shelby Hess, Lucile Napoleon Hodge, Myra Detroit Houghton, Etta Nashville Keene, Pearl Grand Rapids Kingston, Rena M Tekonsha Mathews, Florence Iron Mountain Nichols, Floyd Martin Shoup, Lulu M Reese Sisson, Gladys B . . . ; Freeport Smith, Mrs. Marguerite Albion Thorns, Chas. W Three Rivers Wells, Susie North Adams Williams, Orpha Reading Wilson, Coral Albion Woolfitt, Jessie Bay City ART OF CONDUCTING. Clifford, Harry Union City Covert, Edith Flint Evans, Robert Coldwater Fox, Millie Grand Rapids French, Ward East Tawas Gardner, Lila Petoskey Griffin, Marjorie Albion Hollinshead, Melvin Pt. Clinton, O. Keene, Pearl Grand Rapids Salisbury, Myra Albion Sisson, Gladys Freeport Vernor, Dudleigh Detroit YEAR BOOK 123 Wells, Susie North Adams Wesbrook, Arthur Middleville Woolfitt, Jessie Bay City Young, Harry Benton Harbor ART DEPARTMENT. FIRST YEAR NORMAL ART. Bradt, Gladys Mathews, Florence Bangham, Lelia Matteson, Roma Desmond, Martha Newell, Vera A. English, Grace Parsons, Florence GrifRn, Rhodora Powrie, Emily F Hall, Winnifred Sackett, Alta B. Keene, Pearl B. Shoup, Lulu M. Kingston, Rena M. Wright, Etta S. SECOND YEAR ART. Bangham, Lelia Hall, Winnifred English, Grace Wright, Etta S. SPECIAL ART CLASS. Allen, Mrs. Hoag, Beulah Baker, Ruth, E. Leeson, Emma E. Fee, Amy Reed, Erma Tonkin, Ethel SCHOOL OF BUSINESS. BUSINESS MAN ' S COURSE. Aberle, Alvin Detroit Baker, Earl Laporte Beach, Clayton Muskegon Carmicheal, Arleen Hudson Cook, Leo Grand Rapids Crawford, Elmer Milford Lomprey, Ivan Detroit Newman, Robert Hesperia Seipp, Arthur Okemos Terry, Vern Schoolcraft TEACHER ' S COURSE. Brazee, John Hudson Cooley, Mabel Charlotte Correll, Ovid Albion King, Emma Ludington 124 ALBION COLLEGE i oniprey, Ivan Detroit McConnell, Aaron Albion Moore, Gladys Hanover Northrop, Milton Moscow COMBINED COURSE Axf ord, Eugene Munith Ahrens, Harold Oscoda Bancroft, Jeraldine Bellevue Behling, Emma Albion Bradley, Marguerite Richmond Burns, Winnif red Union City Dean, Ethe ' Jackson Hands, Peleniece Parma Harrison, Samuel Rosebud Jameson, Charles H Elkton Livesay, Bernice Parma Leudke, Marie Albion McCuag, Finley Oscoda Manvel, Ina Union City McLane, Ernest Albion Nelson, Hazel Marshall Nash, Clifford Litchfield Perry, Addie Burlington Philo, John Burlington Seeger, Lois Marshall Young, Carlton Albion Hubert, Dean Parma Marble, Ellsworth Sherman Nichols, Floyd Martin BUSINESS COURSE. Benson, Clay Munith Blanchard, George A Sand Lake Glark, F. E Albion Eastman, Floyd Albion Fogg, Floyd Hesperia Geiger, Cleon Albion Hall, Irving Schoolcraft Hoaglin, Roy Albion Lampman, Fred Lake City Long, Theron Albion Millspaugh, R. M Albion Nearmberg, Harry, Albion Quigly, Milner Albion YEAR BOOK 126 Woodard, Montie Reading SHORTHAND COURSE. Auringer, Geal Albion Baldwin, Richard Marietta Cramton, Altha Albion Conrad, Mary Albion Davis, Floyd Albion Edick, Mrs. E Albion Foill, Wilma Jackson Gilbert, Lloyd Albion Hess, Ruby Elkhart Holtz, Amiel Albion Norton, Grace Petoskey Pugh, Edith Albion Russell, Luella Bay City Rogers, Sara Marshall Slowey, Loretta Albion Wildy, Gena Burlington SPECIAL Baker, Claude F Townley Bender, Beulah .Wickes, Ark. Cassidy, Leonard Chicago Cortwright, Clinton Marshall Desmond, Martha Albion Dratz, Elsa Muskegon Dick, Clifton Muskegon Godenow, Ardeen Albion Hollinshead, Melvin i Port Clinton, O. Hume, Carac Lansing Kiesling, Earl L Gainsburg Lutes, Stanley Adair Luce, Geo Napoleon Miller, Lyle Athens Mapes, Floyd Minden City Robinson, Harold Manistee Sessions, H. P Benton Harbor Shaw, Spencer T Calgary, Alb. Slocum, W. W Caro Turner, Fay Albion Talbot, Joseph Rockview Wright, Mrs Albion Wright, Bernard Albion Zedler, Mrs. J Albion SUMMARY OF STUDENTS. COLLEGE OP LIBERAL ARTS Pursuing Post-Graduate Studies 4 Seniors 47 Juniors 44 Sophomores 74 Freshmen 122 291 PREPARATORY AND UNCLASSIFIED In the several courses C9 CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC. Piano 54 Pipe Organ 10 Harmony 38 Voice 63 Public School Music 20 Violin 5 Orchestral Instruments 8 198 SCHOOL OF PAINTING In all classes 27 SCHOOL OF BUSINESS In all courses 96 Total students, none counted twice §00