Albion College - Albionian Yearbook (Albion, MI)

Text from Pages 1 - 140 of the 1907 volume:

THE UBMirt OFTHt iwttwmt  «■• Vol. in Albion College Bulletin No. 2 ALBION COLLEGE YEAR BOOK 1907-1908 COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC SCHOOL OF ART SCHOOL OF ORATORY NORMAL COURSE PREPARATORY DEPARTMENT COMMERCIAL DEPARTMENT Entered March 8, 1905, at Albion, Mich., as second- class matter, under Act of Congress of July 16, 1894. Published at least four times per year. All graduates and former students of Albion College are requested to inform the President of the College of any change in address or occupation, or of any event of especial interest to the institution or their former classmates. YEAR BOOK OF ALBION COLLEGE FOR 1907-1908 WITH ANNOUNCEMENTS FOR 1908-1909 PUBLISHED BY ALBION COLLEGE ALBION, MICHIGAN, NINETEEN HUNDRED EIGHT PUBLISHED BY ALBION COLLEGE TABLE OF CONTENTS. Announcements 4 The College Corporation and Endowment Fund Committee 5 Standing Committees and Visitors 6 Officers of Instruction and Government 7 History 9 Location 10 Grounds and Buildings 11 Character of the School 13 Library 14 Reading Room 14 Provisions for the Study of Astronomy 14 Provisions for the Study of Biology 15 Provisions for the Study of Physics 16 Provisions for the Study of Chemistry 17 Conservatory of Music 19, 79 School of Painting 19, 86 Business DeDartment 19, 89 Preparatory School 19 Tabulated Courses of Study in Preparatory School 21 Statements in Regard to Same 22 Requiremenis for Admission 28 Advanced Credit 38 College of Liberal Arts 39 Ancient Languages 40 Modern Languages 42 English 44 Elocution and Oratory 47 History, Politics and Economics 47 Mathematics 50 Astronomy 52 Physics 53 Chemistry 55 Biology 59 Photography 61 Geology 61 Philosophy 62 Pedagogy 63 The English Bible 64 Grouping of Elective Work 66 College Work Tabulated 67 Schedule of Recitations 69 Graduation 73 Degrees 73 Diplomas 74 Enrollment and Work of Class Officers 74 Prizes 75 Scholarships 76 Intercollegiate Debates 78 Physical education 98 Expenses 101 The employment bureau 103 Appointment committee 104 Closing examinations 104 Attendance 104 Chapel Service 105 Church Attendance 105 Societies 106 Oratorical Committee 106 Christian Associations 107 Co-Operative Association 108 Honor List 109 Candidates for Graduation no List of Students Ill Summary of Students 132 ANNOUNCEMENTS FOR 1908-1909 COMMENCEMENT WEEK, 1908. June 18 — Commencement Reminiscence Prayer Meeting. June 19 — Music Festival. June 21 — Commencement Sunday June 22— Conservatory Concert, 8 p. m. June 23 — Class Day Exercises, 10:00 a. m. and 2:00 p. m. Meeting Board of Trustees, 10:00 a. m. Meeting Alumni Association, 2:00 p. m. Open Air Concert, 7:00 p. m. Alumni Address, 8:00 p. m. June 24 — Commencement Day, 10:00 a. m. Commencement Dinner, 12.30 p. m. OPENING OF THE COLLEGE YEAR IN ALL DEPARTMENTS FIRST SEMESTER, I908. Sept. 15 — Examination of Candidates for Admission; Presenta- tion of Certificates from Approved Schools; Special Examinations; 9:00 a. m. Sept. 16 — Enrollment Day, Commencing 9:00 a. m. Sept. 17 — First Chapel Exercises, 9:00 a. m. Nov. 26 — Thanksgiving Day. Dec. 22— Meeting of the Board of Trustees, 2:00 p. m. Dec. 24 to Jan. 4, 1909, inclusive, Holiday Recess. Jan. 28 — Day of Prayer for Colleges. Feb. 5— Semester ends. SECOND SEMESTER, I909. Feb. 6— Entrance and Special Examinations, 9:00 a. m. Enrollment Day, 9:00 a. m. Feb. 8 — Recitations begin. Mar. 27 to April 5, Inclusive, Spring Recess. June 23 — Commencement Day. THE COLLEGE CORPORATION PRESIDENT. CHARLES M. RANGER. VICE PRESIDENT. WILLIAM DAWE. SECOND VICE PRESIDENT. EDWIN N. PARSONS. TREASURER. EUGENE P. ROBERTSON. SECRETARY. SAMUEL DICKIE. TRUSTEES SAMUEL DICKIE, ex-officio. ELECTED BY DETROIT CONFERENCE. Rev. C. W. Baldwin Detroit 1908 Durand W. Springer Ann Arbor .. . . 1908 Hon. F. P. Glazier Chelsea 1909 Rev. E. A. Elliott Saginaw 1909 Rev. Wra. Dawe Ann Arbor 1910 James H. Simpson Detroit 1910 ELECTED BY MICHIGAN CONFERENCE. Edwin N. Parsons Albion 1908 Rev. Thomas Cox Jackson 1908 David D. Erwin Muskegon 1909 Rev. D. D. Martin, D. D.... Albion 1909 Rev. John Graham, D. D. . . .Grand Rapids 1910 E. J. Phelps Kalamazoo 1910 ELECTED BY ALUMNI SOCIETY. Rev. Eugene Allen Ypsilanti 1908 John G. Brown Albion 1909 Charles M. Ranger Battle Creek 1910 ENDOWMENT FUND COMMITTEE. Samuel Dickie, Chairman and Treasurer Albion William H. Brace Detroit Hon. Clement Smith Hastings STANDING COMMITTEES. Executive and Auditing Committee — C. M. Ranger, William Dawe, E. N. Parsons, Samuel Dickie, D. D. Martin. Finance Committee — E. J. Phelps, J. H. Simpson, Frank P. Glazier, E. A. Elliott, D. D. Erwin. Committee on Faculty — C. W. Baldwin, Thomas Cox, Samuel Dickie, Eugene Allen, John Graham. Committee on Rules and Regulations — J. H. Simpson, John Brown, D. D. Erwin, E. A. Elliott, Frank P. Glazier. Committee on Library and Apparatus — John Graham, C. W. Baldwin, Eugene Allen, E. J. Phelps, D. W. Springer. Committee on Buildings and Grounds — E. N. Parsons, Samuel Dickie, D. D. Martin, Thomas Cox, John G. Brown. VISITORS AND EXAMINERS, on behalf of the state. J. H. Kellogg, M. D Battle Creek Hon H. B. Colman Kalamazoo APPOINTED BY DETROIT CONFERENCE. Rev. E. D. Dimond • • Flint Rev. H. A. Field •• Caro APPOINTED BY MICHIGAN CONFERENCE. Rev. Cecil E. Pollock Shepherd Rev. C. E. Hoag Battle Creek OFFICERS OF INSTRUCTION AND GOVERNMENT. SAMUEL DICKIE, M. S., LL. D, President. MRS. HELEN KNAPPEN-SCRIPPS, Ph. B., Dean of Women. FREDERICK LUTZ, A. M., Secretary. HARLAN J. COZINE, Director of Conservatory. WILLIAM RICH PITKIN, Principal of Commercial Department. SAMUEL DICKIE, M. S., LL. D., John Owen, Professor of Philosophy. DELOS FALL, Sc. D., David Preston, Professor of Chem- istry. FREDERICK LUTZ, A. M., Professor, of Modern Lan- guages. CHARLES ELISHA BARR, A. M., Professor of Geology and Biology. FREDERIC SAMUEL GOODRICH, A. M., Alumni Prof- essor of the English Bible, Acting Professor of Greek Language and Literature. MRS. HELEN KNAPPEN-SCRIPPS, Ph. B., Dean of Women, Instructor in English Literature. FREDERIC COE DEMOREST, A. M., D. D, Professor of Latin. CHARLES HENRY WOOLBERT, A. B., Professor of Eng- lish and Oratory (W. Scott Brown Chair of Belles Let- tres). CLARENCE WILSON GREENE, B. Pd., A. M, Professor of Physics. 8 ALBION COLLEGE FRANK TRACY CARLTON, A. M., Ph. D., Professor of Economics and Acting Henry M. Loud Professor of history. E. ROSCOE SLEIGHT, A. B., W. H. Brockway Professor of Mathematics, Acting Ezra Bostwick Professor of Astronomy. JOHN ZEDLER, A. B., Associate Professor of Modern Lan- guages. FRANK W. DOUGLAS, A. B., Assistant in Chemistry. HARLAN J. COZINE, Director of Conservatory, Instructor in Voice and The Art of Singing. WILLIAM S. COLUMBUS, Instructor in Piano, Organ and Theory. HARRIET F. REYNOLDS, Instructor in Piano, Organ and Musical History. PRANK HOFFMAN, Leader of Band. ANNA HOFFMAN, Instructor in Cornet and Wind Instru- ments. ARTHUR E. BRYCE, Instructor in Violin and Viola. GRACE AUSTIN, Instructor in P iano. SARAH ESTELLA WOOLSEY, Instructor in Art. WILLIAM RICH PITKIN, Principal of Commercial De- partment. NANNIE LANDON, Teacher of Shorthand and Type- writing. WILLIAM D. CHADWICK, A. B., Instructor in English and Director of Physical Education for Men Students. EMMA J. PARMATER, Director of Physical Education for Women Students. ELEANOR T. AVANN, A. M., Instructor in Greek. ROSA BALL, B. S, Librarian. HISTORY. In the year 1S83, Rev. Henry Colclazer, Rev. Elijah H. Pilcher and Benjamin H. Packard, M. D., resolved to inau- gurate a movement for the establishment of an academy of higher learning in Michigan. Spring Arbor was chosen as a location, and in the spring of 1835 the Legislature granted a charter under the corporate name of Spring Arbor Seminary, locating the institution on the site of an old Indian village, in the town of Spring Arbor. In the spring of 1839 the charter was amended, lo- cating the school at Albion and reconstructing the Board of Trustees. In November of 1843, the first building was completed and opened for the reception of students. Rev. Charles F. Stock- well, A. M., a graduate of Middletown University, was ap- pointed principal. In 1849, the charter was amended by the creation of a Female College, so that the corporate name became Wes- leyan Seminary and Female Collegiate Institute. The insti- tution was empowered to grant degrees to women only. In 1861, the original charter was still further amended, authorizing the institution to confer degrees on both men and women, the corporate name becoming Albion College. The management of the institution is vested in a Board of Trustees, consisting of sixteen persons, six elected by the Detroit Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church, six by the Michigan Conference, and three by the Society of Alumni. The President of the College is associated as a mem- ber ex-officio. A special board ot committee, as custodian of the Endow- ment Fund, was created by act of the Legislature in 1865. LOCATION. Albion is a thriving city of 6,000 inhabitants, situated in the central portion of the Lower Peninsula of Michigan. The postal, telegraph and telephone facilities are equal to those of the largest cities in the state. Albion is on the main line of the Michigan Central Railroad, 95 miles west of Detroit. The Lansing division of the Lake Shore Michigan Southern crosses the Michigan Central at this place, providing direct connection with the main line of the Lake Shore on the south, and at the north with the Grand Rapids division of the Michigan Central, the Pere Marquette, the Grand Trunk and other lines. The Jackson Battle Creek Electric line passes through Albion, giving us hourly communication with points east and west. GROUNDS AND BUILDINGS. The college campus contains eighteen acres. The old Central Building, through the generosity of George O. Rob- inson, LL. D., of Detroit, has been thoroughly renovated and enlarged so that it is in every respect an up-to-date building and now bears the name Robinson Hall. The entire interior of the old building has been reconstructed and an addition four stories in height has been built on the east side of the old building. This addition is 45 by 60 feet and is devoted to the Biological Department, containing Biological and Bo- tanical Laboratories, together with work rooms and store rooms. The north building, situated just north of the foregoing, is 80 feet long, 50 feet wide and three stories in height. It contains four lecture rooms, quarters for the Commercial School, the Art Studio and Two Literary Societies. The Chapel Building stands directly south of the Central Building, and is three stories high, 80 feet long and 50 feet wide. The second and third stories are wholly devoted to chapel purposes. The first story is devoted to the work of the Conservatory of Music and the Secretary ' s office. The Astronomical Observatory was erected in 1883, is two stories high, with a round tower which rises to three stories and is surmounted by a dome. On the lower floor are the lecture rooms of the departments of Astronomy and Mathematics and the pier-room, through which pass the brick supports for the fixed instruments. On the second floor are the transit room, containing the Transit Circle, Clock and Chronograph, a computing room, a room for portable instru- ments, and a room containing the Astronomical and Meteoro- logical Library. In the round tower is placed the Equatorial. The gymnasium was completed in 1892. The first story is of field stone ; above this the building consists of a heavy frame inclosed with brick. The building has a frontage of 54 feet, and is 92 feet in depth, surmounted with a gothic roof to provide sufficient height. The McMillan Chemical Laboratory was erected in 1893, 12 ALBION COLLEGE the gift of Hon. James McMillan, of Detroit. It is a sub- stantial and modern building, three stories in height above the basement. The basement contains the Portland cement laboratory, the assaying room, the mineralogical collections and the fur- nace room. In the first story, which is 13 feet high, there is the or- ganic laboratory, 27x30 feet, containing tables for 24 students, with 29 feet of hoods, also wall tables, cases for chemicals, etc. Adjacent to this are the quantitative laboratory, 22x30 feet, tables for 20 students, hoods, wall tables, etc., a combus- tion room, 10x17 feet, and dispensing room, 10x21. On the other side of the hall is the instructor ' s study. Off this is a private laboratory, with large table, hoods, wall tables, cases, etc. The balance room, 9x21, and a research room, 15x30 feet, complete the equipment of this floor. The second story is also 13 feet high and contains the qualitative laboratory, 40x49 feet, with tables for 80 students, with seven hoods, wall tables, cases, etc. The lecture room, also on this floor, 30x37 feet, will accommodate 82 students, the seating being arranged in rising tiers of chairs. The third story is 10 feet high and contains the labora- tory of Physics, and also the collections of Paleontology and Lithology. Mrs. Charlotte T. Gassette, of Albion, has erected a beau- tiful and commodious building in memory of her deceased daughter, Miss Lottie L. Gassette. The building is designated Lottie L. Gassette Memorial Library and is both an orna- mental and useful addition to our facilities. Four Fraternity Halls have been erected on the east por- tion of the college grounds, the institution having granted leases of sites for a period of years. The Winter-Lau Athletic Field, less than two blocks from the College, presents one of the best equipped athletic fields in the West. CHARACTER OF THE SCHOOL. The institution is a college of Liberal Arts. It is not a theological school. There are a few Biblical studies, but no chair of theology. There are no theological tests and no religious exactions beyond regular attendance at chapel ex- ercises during school days and attendance at church on the Sabbath, giving the students their choice of place of worship. LIBRARIES, LABORATORIES AND OBSERVATORY. LIBRARY. The Library Building, the gift of Mrs. Charlotte T. Ga- zette, of Albion, Michigan, is a substantial new brick struc- ture, well equipped, well heated, well lighted, containing 18,- 500 volumes, besides unbound volumes and pamphlets. The Reading Room, ample and attractive, is abundantly supplied with encyclopedia, dictionaries, lexicons, and gen- eral works of reference, together with such books as are temporarily assigned by members of the Faculty for refer- ence work and collateral reading. A generous supply of papers and leading magazines of the day is provided. The contents of periodicals is made available by the use of Poole ' s Index and its supplements and the Reader ' s Guide to Period- ical Literature. The Dewey system of classification is used and a new card catalogue makes the books easily accessible. Free ac- cess to the shelves is allowed, and in addition to their use in the Library building, books, with some restrictions, may be drawn for home use. The Library is open on school days from 8 :00 a. m. to 12 :00 m. ; from 2 :00 p. m. to 5 :30 p. m., and three evenings in the week from 6:30 to 8:30; Saturday from 8:00 a. m. to 12:00 m. PROVISIONS FOR THE STUDY OF ASTRONOMY. In Astronomy, the facilities offered by the College are excellent. The equipment is fully adequate for purposes of instruc- tion or research. The Equatorial Telescope is of eight inches clear aperture, made and mounted by Alvan Clark Sons. YEAR BOOK 15 It is provided with circles, coarse and fine, driving clock, filar micrometer, with fie ld and side illumination, and eye pieces giving range from a low-power comet-seeker to eight hundred diameters. The Transit Circle, by Fauth Co., is of a four-inch aperture and is provided with micrometers in right ascension and declination, levels sensitive to one second of arc and verticle circles reading to single seconds by micro- meter microscopes. The Sidereal Clock and Chronograph are by the same makers. All of the instruments are in electrical connection. PROVISIONS FOR THE STUDY OF BIOLOGY. The Biological Department occupies the new Biological Laboratory, erected as an addition to Robinson Hall. This addition is 45 by 60 feet, three stories high, above the base- ment. It contains large laboratories for the classes in Zool- ogy and Botany, accommodating respectively 60 and 40 stu- dents. Besides the large windows at the end of each table there are electric lights and gas arc lights that afford ample illumination for evenings or dark days. There are commodi- ous lecture rooms adjoining each. Besides these laboratories there are smaller laboratories for more advanced classes, with the same lighting arrangements as in the larger labo- ratories, as described above. The main supply room, in the basement, is 13 by 31 feet, while above this and connecting with it by elevator, are smaller supply rooms for the classes in Zoology and Botany, 11 by 13 and 13 by 17 feet. Adjoining the Botanical Laboratory is a Botanical Working Museum, 20 by 23 feet. In the basement there is a workshop, beside the above, 18 by 20 feet, and two rooms, one 20 by 22 feet, occu- pied by the Co-operative Association; the other 18 by 31, which is used as a store room for biological and other mate- rial. On the third floor will be the Museum workroom and taxidermic workshop. The remainder of this floor is gi ven to photographic purposes. The Biological Department is well supplied with such ap- paratus as is needed for its work, including over sixty com- 16 ALBION COLLEGE pound microscopes, rocking and sliding microtomes, incu- bator, aquaria embedding apparatus and a collection of sev- eral thousand mounted slides. The Botanical Working Museum is especially designed to contribute to the work in Ecology. It already contains nearly nine hundred species in the herbarium, nearly all from this locality, and many of them represented in numerous specimens which show the plant in immature and winter condition, as well as in flower, etc. There is also a large number of specimens of seeds, woods, barks, fibers, medicinal and commercial products. It is designed to make this collection as completely representa- tive of local plant life and plant products as possible. The Zoological Lecture Room is so arranged as to be speedily darkened and is provided with a stereopticon ; and while there is an ample supply of lantern slides on hand for purposes of instruction, others are being continually added as occasion demands. The photographic equipment of the laboratory is such as to highly facilitate the rapid increase of this collection. All the laboratories have individual private lockers, each with its own combination lock, and water and gas connec- tions are liberally provided throughout. The supply of material for study and dissection is large and is ample in amount and range of species for both ele- mentary and advanced study. It is constantly enriched through purchase as well as by the collections made by the department and friends of the College. The study and private laboratory of the professor in charge is on the first floor, adjacent to the Zoological Labo- ratory where he may be constantly consulted by those having need of his assistance. The department hereby acknowledges the generous gift, from Mr. Harvey N. Ott, of the class of ' 89, of a Spencer Lens Company ' s Rotary Microtome, complete, with all at- tachments. PROVISIONS FOR THE STUDY OF PHYSICS. The laboratory work in the department of Physics has YEAR BOOK 1 7 been greatly strengthened by the recent purchase of a con siderable amount of well-selected modern physical apparatus. Among the instruments now available for class illustration and laboratory work are the following: Vernier calipers, micrometer gauges, microscope, telescopes, spherometer, Jolly ' s balance, Hawkes-Atwood ' s machine, Toepler-Voss self- charging electrical machine, diffraction grating, optical bench with accessories, photometric apparatus, Geneva spectrometer, highly polished prisms, laboratory clock with sweep second hand, bending apparatus with telephone attachment, Boyle ' s law apparatus, Mohr ' s specific gravity balance, laboratory recorder for vibrations of tuning forks, simple pendulum ap- paratus with sounder for time work, pyknometers, moment of inertia apparatus, Kundt ' s apparatus for velocity of sound in metals, specific heat apparatus, heat of vaporization appara- tus, micrometer cathetometer, rheostat, commutators, electric motors, turning lathes with tools, magnets, lenses, tor- sional apparatus, linear expansion apparatus, fountain in vacuum apparatus, Madgeburg hemispheres, batteries of vari- ous kinds, Rhumkorff induction coil, resistance boxes, Weston voltmeter, Weston ammeter, wireless telegraphy outfit, single valued and subdivided multiple condensers, direct reading D ' Arsonval galvanometer, tangent galvanometer, Rowland D ' Arsonville reflecting galvanometers with telescopes and scales, astatic galvanometer, earth inductor and other elec- trical measuring instruments, PROVISIONS FOR THE STUDY OF CHEMISTRY. The department occupies the spacious McMillan Chemical Laboratory with ample space for its lecture rooms and labo- ratories and every convenience is provided for both the in- structors and students pursuing general or special courses. There are eight separate working laboratories all fully supplied with apparatus and chemicals and equipped with gas, water, ventilating hoods, desks and lockers for each student. These are located on the first and second floors and the basement. 18 ALBION COLLEGE The chemical lecture room on the second floor has seat- ing for eighty students and is thoroughly furnished with a large demonstration lecture table containing pneumatic cis- tern, oxygen tanks, exhaust, gas, water, sinks, battery with ventilating hood in rear. Each floor is provided with a capacious dispensing room where chemicals and apparatus are stored to be issued to the student as required. The General and Qualitative Chemical Laboratory on the second floor is equipped with ninety working tables, each having a sink hood, water faucets, gas, reagent bottles. From the adjacent dispensing room may be obtained all chemicals or apparatus required in their work. The advanced courses are conducted on the first floor and in the basement where is located laboratories for Quan- titative, Organic and Technical Chemistry. Every facility is afforded for thorough work. Attached to the laboratories on the second floor is a thoroughly equipped weighing room containing accurate bal- ances, specific gravity apparatus, etc. In the basement is located the Laboratory for Portland Cement and Assaying, providing all the necessary apparatus for the physical testing of cement and the assaying of ores. Here are crucible and muffle furnaces, both coal and gas, for the fire assay of ores and also crushing, pulverizing and sampling apparatus, tensile strength machines, specific grav- ity apparatus and all the regular equipment used in the prac- tical handling of cements and ores. A complete laboratory for Gas Analysis, with special reference to its application in the manufacture of illuminat- ing gas, has been installed. In the private laboratory of the instructor there is con- stantly carried on outside work in the examination of raw materials for manufacturing purposes, such as clays, marls, peat, coal, gold and silver ores, iron and steel, sanitary and mineral waters. CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC. Students are admitted to this department at any stage of the course. They must confer with the Director of the de- partment to determine what work they can properly carry. They will be assigned to such grade as their requirements in- dicate. Term tickets must be procured before entering upon the work. SCHOOL OF PAINTING. Before commencing work in the studio, art students must procure tickets for the same, and talk with the head of the department as to plans of work and proficiency — if any — already gained. The order and kind of work must be subject to the judgment of the professor in charge. BUSINESS DEPARTMENT. The literary attainments of students entering this depart- ment vary greatly, and hence they must be treated according to individual qualifications. The Principal must, therefore, be acquainted with the fitness of each on entering. This can only be done by full and free conference with him. PREPARATORY SCHOOL. The College maintains a preparatory school for several reasons : — 1. Many young people desire to fit themselves for col- 20 ALBION COLLEGE lege, but reside in communities which are not provided witn high school advantages. 2. In many of the graded schools of the State, the work is not sufficiently extended to prepare the student for admis- sion into college classes. 3. Many of the high schools of the State do not provide instruction that will prepare for all lines of college work. Some have only an English course, others English and Scien- tific courses, etc. Many students desire to study Latin, Greek, German, etc., in preparation for college, who are unable to find adequate provision for the same in their home graded schools. Candidates for admission into the Preparatory depart- ment must have a knowledge of the primary branches, in- cluding geography, arithmetic, grammar and spelling, so far as will fit them to take up the work of the first year. Start- ing with this preparation, those who are studious will be able to complete the course prescribed in four years and to enter the Freshman class. For advanced standing, examina- tions must be passed on that part of the course for which credit is given, or on work equivalent thereto, unless certifi- cates are brought for the same from accredited schools. TABULATED COURSES OF STUDY IN THE PRE- PARATORY SCHOOL. FIRST YEAR FIRST SEMESTER SECOND SEMESTER English Physiology U. S. History. English $ Correlated Science 5 Civil Government 5 SECOND YEAR English 4 Latin 5 Algebra 3 General History 4 English 4 Latin .5 Algebra.. 3 General History 4 THIRD YEAR { American Literature 3 I English Composition .... 2 { Geometry 3 Algebra 2 Latin Greek or [• 4 German { American Literature 3 I English Composition 2 ( Geometry 3 ( Algebra 2 Latin Greek or J- 4 German FOURTH YEAR j Plane Geometry 3 { Algebra 2 Physics 5 j Solid Geometry. I Algebra .. .. Physics The following subjects are elective: — English Literature German Latin Greek Life of Christ ..4 ..4 ..4 ..4 . .2 English Literature German Latin Greek Life of Christ ....4 ....4 ....4 ....4 1 STATEMENTS IN REGARD TO THE FOREGOING. ENGLISH. Course I. — Five hours per week throughout the year. English Grammar. Maxwell ' s Advanced Lessons ' in English Grammar is the text used. Kimball ' s structure of the English Sentence is the text used. Course II. — Four hours throughout the year. The fundamental principles of Rhetoric. Study of Fig- ures of Speech. Theme Writing, with Outline in Narration and Descrip- tion. Course III. — Five hours throughout the year, of which three hours are devoted to American Literature and two hours to English Composition. In this course the aim is to make the student ' s work in composition and his work in lit- erature helpful to each other. A. First Semester. — Scott and Denny ' s Composition- Literature is the text used. Special practice in spelling. Aber- nethy ' s American Literature is the text adopted in that sub- ject. Masterpieces, indicated in College Entrance Require- ments, by American authors will be studied in connection with their respective periods. B. Second Semester. — Original work in Exposition and Argumentation. Forms of English poetry. Theme writing. Spelling. American Literature. Masterpieces. Course IV. — Four hours throughout the } ear. A. First Semester. — English Literature. From the be- ginning to the Revival of Romanticism. Special attention is paid to Chaucer, Spenser, Shakespeare, Milton. B. Second Semester. — English Literature. Periods YEAR BOOK 23 studied include Romanticism and the Nineteenth Century in prose and poetry. The text used in both semesters is A First View of English Literature by Moody and Lovett. In the Masterpieces the Lake edition is preferred. Note books are made throughout the course. Collateral reading in the col- lege library is required. GERMAN. Course I. — Four hours per week throughout the year. First Semester. Reading. — Haesters Deutsche Fibel (a three weeks drill in letters and the most difficult combinations of letters) and Gluck Auf ' serve as a basis for the semester ' s work. Every effort is made to lead the student to think in German. Expression. — The student, from the very first, is led to express himself in German. He learns to answer questions in German. Great care is exercised to cause the student to acquire the German idiom. Writing. — A well arranged series of copy-books is used. The student is require d to use the German script in all his work. Construction. — The laboratory method is used, thus en- abling the student to study the structure of the language in the concrete, a delightful change from the old method. Span- hoofd ' s Lehrbuch der Deutschen Sprache is used for the work at home, but in the class room only exercises, specially prepared by the instructor, are used. Second Semester. Reading. — Continuation of the work in the first semester in Gluck Auf. Writing — Continuation of the work in the previous semester. Construction. — Continuation of the work in the previous semester. Course II. — Four hours per week throughout the year. First Semester. Reading. — Easy stories by modern authors, such as : Storm, Zschocke, Baumbach, and others. 24 ALBION COLLEGE Construction. — Thorough review of the work of the first year. German composition. Specially prepared exercises in language structure. Conversation. — Wiedemann ' s Biblische Geschichten serve as the basis for this work. Second Semester. Reading. — Continuation in the work of the first semester. Construction. — German composition, beginning with the simple sentence and the expansion of the same. The student must compose simple letters and essays. Conversation. — The study of Germany; its geography, resources, government, etc. LATIN. Course I. — Five hours per week throughout the year. First Semester. — An introductory study of the Latin lan- guage, supplemented with selections from connected writ- ings. In this semester emphasis will be placed on forms and vocabulary. Second Semester. — Continuation of the work of the first semester, with emphasis on the syntax. Course II. — Four hours per week throughout the year. First Semester. — A graduated series of selections from Fables in Latin, Roman history and biography, including se- lections from Nepos and Caesar. Supplementary studies in ILatin prose composition. Second Semester. — Selections from the Orations of Cicero. Continuation of supplementary drill in Latin prose composition. Course III. — Four hours per week throughout the year. First Semester. — Virgil ' s Aeneid, with especial attention to poetics, an appreciation of Virgil ' s style and work, his place in literature, etc. Supplementary review in grammatical principles, and drill in prose composition and in sight read- ing. Second Semester. — Continuation of the study of Virgil, YEAR BOOK 25 and of the supplementary work. There will be continued emphasis on all that will prepare for successful work in Col- lege Latin. GREEK. Greek is one of the most beneficial of culture studies. While it is understood that a mastery of Greek gives abun- dant mental discipline, it must be admitted that a knowledge of that language is of value to any student, whether he specialize in the technical branches, or in history, literature or philosophy. A large percentage of the nomenclature in the professional branches is derived from the Greek language. At least one year in Latin should be completed before the student begins to study Greek. Course I. — Four hours per week throughout the year. A. — A study of forms and constructions. Translation and prose work. B. — Continuation of A. Special preparation for the study of Xenophon ' s Anabasis by vocabulary and construction study. C. — Reading from Xenophon ' s Anabasis, Book I. Collat- eral study in Greek Grammar. Course II. — Four hours per week throughout the year. A. — Xenophon ' s Anabasis. Review of constructions. B.— Word study. C. — Homer ' s Iliad, Books I-III. A study is made of the rythm of the Greek Epic, the setting of the Iliad, and the peculiarities of the Epic dialect. MATHEMATICS. In this department, pre-eminently, must efficient work be based on a thoroughness in fundamental principles and opera- tions. Accordingly, students are urged to make a careful preparation in Arithmetic and Algebra before attempting sub- sequent work. In almost all cases where the advanced Math- ematics have been found difficult, it has been due to defects in the study of Algebra. On the other hand, comprehension and facility in this corner-stone of analytical reasoning very 26 ALBION COLLEGE generally lead to rapid advancement, clear understanding and a very satisfactory appreciation of the higher branches. Arithmetic is taught in connection with the Business Department. Course I. — Beginning Algebra. Three hours per week throughout the year. A study of the Algebraic symbols, and of the fundamental operations, factoring, fac- tor theorem, fractions and simple equations. Course II. — Third Preparatory Algebra. Two hours per week throughout the year. Simultaneous equations, graphs, inequalities, involution, evolution, theory of exponents, radicals and quadratic equations. Course III. — Plane Geometry. Three hours per week throughout the year. In Geometry the prominent aim is to develop logical reasoning power, clear conceptions and accurate language, to which end the benefits of this branch are well known. A large amount of original inventional work is performed, and due attention given to the practical applications of the subject. This course is intended to be taken with Course II. Course IV. — Fourth Preparatory Algebra. Two hours per wek throughout the year. Theory of quad- ratic equations with graphs, simultaneous quadratics and ap- plications, ratio, proportion, variation, progressions, binomial theorem for positive integer, logarithms, identities and sym- metry. Course V. — Fourth Preparatory Geometry. Three hours per week throughout the year. Plane Geometry reviewed and completed. Plane Geometry. A study of lines and planes in space and of polyhedrons. Solid Geometry continued. A study of cylinder, cone and sphere. This course is intended to be taken with Course IV. PHYSIOLOGY. A course of five hours per week, during the first semester YEAR BOOK 27 of the first year. An elementary course, not experimental, but illustrated by such dissections and exhibition of mounted specimens as may be necessary to make the subject real. PHYSICS. The course in Physics, in the last year of the preparatory course, will be a five hours ' course and will extend through- out the year. This course will consist of illustrated lectures, recitations and laboratory work. It must be preceded by a course in Algebra and o ne in Plane Geometry. HISTORY AND CIVICS. Course I. — United States History and Civil Govern- ment. Five hours per week throughout the year. In addi- tion to the text-book work, a limited amount of collateral reading will be required. The history work will extend over about two-thirds of the year. The main purpose of this por- tion of the course is the narrative history and the history of institution making. The latter part of the course will be de- voted to a brief consideration of our national, state and local government. Special reference will bew made to the govern- ment of Michigan. Course II. — General History. Four hours per week throughout the year. Grecian History, — a general study of the country, customs, manners and government of Greece. Roman History, — especially designed to acquaint the student, in a general way, with the development of the Roman Con- stitution. Medieval History, — The Dark Ages, the Renais- sance and the Feudal System. Modern History, — a brief study of the Reformation in Germany and England, the re- volt of The Netherlands, the growth of absolute monarchy in France, the French Revolution, the progress of democracy during the Nineteenth Century, etc. REQUIREMENTS FOR ADMISSION. The foregoing statement of the work of the Preparatory School presents the provisions made by the institution to fit for college. The larger field of preparation, however, is the High Schools. The Faculty of Albion College have long believed that the requirements for admission to college should exhibit a high degree of flexibility. They have recognized the fact that the high school exists to meet local wants, and does its work best when it most fully meets such wants. For some years the Faculty of Albion College have been studying this question in the light of all the information they could obtain, with a careful scrutiny of the principles involved, and have reached the conclusion that the courses of study best adapted to the purpose of the high school may, and ought to be, ac- cepted in preparation for college. We have tried the experi- ment and ' found ft successful, of taking the student at the point up to which the best schools have educated him, giving him credit for all his work, in the line he has chosen. This practically throws college doors open to a large number of young persons who, under the old system, would be deprived of the advantages provided in the higher institutions of learning. By this plan we do not admit at any lower point of scholarship, but make the lines of study in preparation more flexible, holding that it is training and culture that are needed, which can be secured through superior and adequate range of work, rather than by adherence to the old methods of following always a special line of studies. We have found that a large number of schools of twelve grades — in the qual- ity and extent of work done — may be trusted to prepare for the Freshman year in college; and that many of the schools YEAR BOOK 29 of eleven grades may be relied upon to fit the pupil for the fourth or highest Sub-Collegiate year. We accept, therefore, without examination of students, the work of the best high schools of twelve grades as pre- paration for college. Under the same conditions we shall admit into our fourth Sub-Collegiate year from schools of eleven grades which are known to be doing satisfactory work. We advise students to pursue the same general line o f work as that in which they have been prepared for college. No one class of work can arrogate to itself the term culture. Many lines of work lead to the same end if intelligently and faithfully pursued, and each brings its possessor power and success. This idea has now so far won acceptance that we pre- sent the following alternative requirements for admission. Fifteen units are required for admission to the Fresh- man Class; a unit is defined as one year ' s work of not less than four recitation periods per week, — provided that in the sciences, laboratory periods shall be estimated at one-half the rate for recitation periods. Of these units the following are required for all: — English, three units. Mathematics, two or three units. Physics, one unit. Language (Latin, Greek, French or German), two units. These two units must be offered in the same language. The remaining units may be offered from among the fol- lowing; and the total number of units, including the abso- lute requirements, may be offered to the extent indicated: — English, four units. Latin, four units. , Greek, three units. German, three units. French, two units. Algebra, one and one-half units. 30 ALBION COLLEGE Geometry, one and one-half units. General History, one unit. American History and Civics, one unit. English History, one unit. Physics, one unite. Chemistry, one unit. Zoology and Botany (combined), one unit. Zoology, one unit. Botany, one unit. Physiography, one unit. Any student who has not had a thorough course in both Arithmetic and U. S. History will be required to complete such work before being permitted to qualify as college Fresh- man. DESCRIPTION OF UNITS. The following descriptive outline indicates the amount of preparation expected in each of the subjects which may be offered as units. English. — The College entrance requirements in English are in accordance with the action of the Michigan Associa- tion of Colleges, at its meeting, May 25, 1895. The recom- mendations are as follows : — 1. That the several colleges of the association in their entrance requirements in English conform to the recommen- dations of The English Conference of the Eastern and Mid- dle States, as given below. 2. Further, that in these requirements they seek to de- velop in the pupils of the secondary schools the power of extemporaneous speaking. Note. — No candidate will be accepted in English for col- lege classification whose work is notably defective in point of spelling, punctuation, idiom or division into paragraphs. 1. Reading. — A certain number of books will be set for reading. The candidate will be required to present evidence of a general knowledge of the subject-matter and to answer YEAR BOOK 31 simple questions on the lives of the authors. The form of tht examination ' will usually be the writing of a paragraph or two on each of several topics, to be chosen by the candi- date from a considerable number — perhaps ten or fifteen — set before him in the examination paper. The treatment of these topics is designed to test the candidate ' s power of clear and accurate expression, and will call for only a general knowledge of the substance of the books. In place of a part or the whole of this text, the candidate may present an exer- cise book, properly certified by his instructor, containing compositions or other written work done in connection with the reading of the books. COLLEGE ENTRANCE ENGLISH REQUIRE MENTS, 1909, 1910, 1911 FOR READING. Group I — Two books to be selected. Shakespeare — As You Like It. Shakespeare — Julius Caesar. Shakespeare — The Merchant of Venice. Shakespeare — Twelfth Night. Shakespeare — Henry V. Group II — One book to be selected. Bunyan — The Pilgrim ' s Progress, Part I. Bacon — Essays. The Sir Roger DeCoverley Papers (In the Spectator ' } Franklin — Autobiography. Group III — One book to be selected. Chaucer — Prologue. Spenser — Selections from Faerie Queene. Pope — The Rape of the Lock. Goldsmith — The Deserted Village. Palgrave — Golden Treasury (First Series), Books II and III, with especial attention to Dryden, Collins, Gray, Cowper, and Burns. Group IV — Two books to be selected Hawthorne — The House of the Seven Gables. Thackeray — Henry Esmond. George Eliot — Silas Marner. Dickens — A Tale of Two Cities. Scott — Ivanhoe. Scott — Quentin Durward. Goldsmith — The Vicar of Wakefield. Mrs. Gaskell — Cranford. YEAR BOOK 33 Blackmore — Lorna Doone. Group V — Two books to be selected. Emerson — Essays (Selected.) Ruskin — Sesame and Lilies. Irving — Sketch Book. Carlyle — Heroes and Hero-Worship. DeQuincey — Joan of Arc and The English Mail Coach. Lamb — Essays of Elia. Group VI — Two books to be selected. Palgrave — Golden Treasury (First Series), Book IV, with especial attention to Wordsworth, Keats, and Shelley. Coleridge — The Ancient Mariner. Lowell — The Vision of Sir Launfal. Scott — The Lady of the Lake. Poe — Poems. Tennyson — Gareth and Lynette, Lancelot and Elaine, and the Passing of Arthur. Arnold — Sohrab and Rustum. Byron — Mazeppa and The Prisoner of Chillon. Longfellow — Courtship of Miles Standish. Browning — Cavalier Tunes, The Lost Leader, How They Brought the Good News from Ghent to Aix, Evelyn Hope, Home Thoughts from Abroad, Home Thoughts from the Sea, Incident of the French Camp, The Boy and the Angel, One Word More, Herve Riel, Pheidippides. Macaulay — Lays of Ancient Rome. FOR STUDY AND PRACTICE. Shakespeare— Macbeth. Milton — Lycidas, Comus, L ' Allegro and II Penseroso. Burke — Speech on Conciliation with America or. Washington — Farewell Address and. Webster — First Bunker Hill Oration. Macaulay — Life of Johnson or. Carlyle — Essay on Burns. 34 ALBION COLLEGE English Literature. — The unit in this subject is optional. StofTard A. Brooke ' s English Literature, or any manual of equal grade, may be used for an outline of the subject. Mathematics. — The required units include — A. A course in elementary algebra, including the funda- mental operations involved in factoring, factor theorem, frac- tions, simple equations, identities, symmetry, inequalities, ex- ponents, radicals, quadratics, theory of and application of graphs, binomial theorem for positive integers, logarithms, proportion, and the progressions. B. The ordinary work of demonstration and construc- tion covering plane, solid and spherical geometry as given in such texts as those of Beoman and Smith, Wells, and Went- worth. Physics. — The required unit in physics includes an amount representd by Carhart and Chute ' s High School Physics, Millikan and Gale ' s First Course in Physics, or Mann and Twiss ' High School Physics. The instruction in the class room should be supplemented by work in the physi- cal laboratory to the extent of one period a week throughout the year. Chemistry. — The unit in chemistry includes an amount of work equivalent to that presented in Remsen ' s Briefer Course in Chemistry. The text book should be accompanied by laboratory work. Physiography. — The unit in this subject includes an amount represented by Davis ' Physical Geography, or Tarr ' s New Physical Geography. The text book work should be supplemented by field excursions, laboratory work, and the general reading of such books as Shaler ' s Outlines of the Earth ' s History, and Aspects of the Earth; Russell ' s Lakes of North America, Glaciers of North America, and Rivers of North America. Botany. — A course such as is outlined in Bergen ' s Foun- dations of Botany or Stevens ' Outlines of Botany. This should include at least two double-period laboratory exercises YEAR BOOK 35 and two recitations per week. The student should obtain some familiarity with the more common plants. Notebooks should be kept, with drawings, the same to be presented with other credentials upon entrance. Zoology. — Such a text as French ' s Animal Activities, Jordan and Kellogg ' s Animal Life or Davenport ' s Introduc- tion to Zoology will be acceptable. Laboratory work should cover ten of the following forms or their equivalents : Amoeba, Paramoecium, Hydra, Earthworm, Clam, Suail, Crayfish, Grasshopper, Fish, Frog, Bird or Mammal. So far as possible the study should be made from the living animals, noting their habits, adaptations, etc. Notebooks required. Biology. — A course made up of selected parts from the above courses. Especial attention should be called to the fundamental identity of the processes involved in both plant and animal life. Notebooks should cover not only the labor- atory work but the conclusions drawn from the class dis- cussions. History. — The units in history are as follows : — (1) General History, with a text equivalent to Myers ' General History to the year 800, one unit. (2) U. S. History and Civics, with texts equivalent to McLaughlin ' s History of the American Nation and Boyn- ton ' s School Civics, one unit. (3) English History, one unit. Greek. — The three units in Greek should be made up of th following or their equivalents : — First Year: Completion of a book in Beginning Greek and one book of Anabasis. Second Year: Three books of Anabasis and one book of Homer; drill in Greek prose composition. Third Year: Four books of Homer; drill in Greek prose composition. Latin. — First Year: The completion of a good begin- ning book, such as that of Collar and Daniel, and the equi- 36 ALBION COLLEGE valent of one-half of Book I of Caesar ' s Commentaries, one unit. Second Year: The completion of four books of Caesar ' s Commentaries, or the equivalent, and the equivalent of one hour a week in Latin composition throughout the year, one unit. Third Year: The completion of six of Cicero ' s Orations (one of them to be the Manilian law), and Latin Composi- tion equivalent to one hour a week throughout the year, one unit. Fourth Year: The completion of six books of Virgil ' s Aeneid, a review of Latin composition, the study of Latin synonyms and scansion of hexameter verse, one unit. German. — First Year: Drill in German pronounciation ; elements of German grammar; translation of simple English into German to fix grammatical rules ; reading of at least 150 pages of easy German from Gluck-Auf or Gurber ' s Marchen and Erzahlungen or their equivalent, one unit. Second Year : Review of first year ' s work, Harris ' Ger- man Composition or its equivalent; reading of 250 pages of short German stories, such as Immensee, L ' Arrabbiata, Das Madchen von Treppi, Waldnonvellen, etc., one unit. Third Year : Review of German grammar and a careful study of German syntax; translation from English into Ger- man ; paraphrasing, abstracts ; reading of 450 pages of more difficult prose and poetry, such as William Tell, Jungfrau v. Orleans, Minna v. Barnhelm, selections from the lyrics of Goethe, Schiller, Heine, etc., one unit. French. — First Year : Pronunciation ; inflection of nouns and adjectives; pronouns; regular and irregular verbs; trans- lation of easy English into French; translation from French prose into English; reading of such stories as Gurber ' s Contes et Legendes, Toronot ' s Le Tour de la France, etc., one unit. Second Year: Practice in dictation; review of French grammar; study of idiomatic expressions; translation from YEAR BOOK 37 English into French ; reading of such selections as Foncin ' s Le Pays de France, Victor Hugo ' s Les Chatiments, one unit. Students who have prepared for college in any particular course will naturally pursue their work through College along corresponding lines. The regulations for admission contained in the preceding paragraphs apply to all schools which, a. Have been approved by us; or ' b. Have been approved by the faculty of the University of Michigan; or C. Have supplied us with the evidence that, in extent, quality and completeness of work, the pupil has gained the scholarship and culture required to enter our classes. If the school has received formal approval according to (a) or (b) of this paragraph , we shall admit students directly on their diplomas and certificates. But if the school is not included in one of these classes , and it is desired to enter into rela- tions with Albion College, the course or courses of study must be transmitted to us with such statements in regard to work done as are considered important. This will be pre- liminary to an abjustment of relations. To be admitted into the College without examination, the student, if coming from a school included in one of the classes (a) or (b), will present his diploma or certificates, together with a letter from the Superintendent or Principal of the school, informing us that his work has been thor- oughly done, that his habits are studious, and that he pos- sesses capacity for genuine scholarship. On the strength of this, he may be immediately classified. If he comes from a school embraced in class (c) he must present his diploma or school certificates, with a letter from the Superintendent or Principal of the school, certifying to the earnestness and suc- cess of his school work. He will then be classified provis- ionally, according to the tenor of these documents, which 38 ALBION COLLEGE classification will be made permanent after a few weeks ' suc- cessful study in the institution. Blank forms for the admission of students, with lists of their credits, may be obtained upon application. ADVANCED CREDIT. On account of the exceptional length and fulness of the courses in some of the best high schools, the graduate some- times finds that he has covered more subjects and done more work than is required for entrance into the best colleges. Such a graduate will be able to get advanced credit for some of the subjects taken by fulfilling the following require- ments : — (1) Applications for advanced standing shall be pre- sented to the chairman of the committee on Advanced Stand- ing, on or before October 31, of the applicant ' s first year in college, — and not thereafter. (2) Applications for advanced standing should be ac- companied by an explicit official certificate describing the ex- tent and character of the work done, for which advanced credit is desired. (3) No application for advanced standing will be con- sidered unless accompanied by a letter from the principal of the high school, from which the applicant graduated, recom- mending the granting of the credit desired. (4) No advanced credit will be given unless the student shall have been in college one semester, and shall have done acceptable work in all his classes. Application for advanced standing shall be considered by the committee on Advanced Standing, and its recom- mendations shall be reported to the faculty at the second reg- ular faculty meeting in February. COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS, INTRODUCTORY STATEMENT. In harmony with the progressive movement of educa- tional affairs, Albion College will confer the degree of Bach- elor of Arts upon all persons who come to us with suitable preparation and who complete in a satisfactory manner a suf- ficient number of courses to credit them with 120 hours of collegiate work, subject to such limitations of selection as are set forth under the heading Grouping of elective work. An hour of college work is understood to mean one hour of recitation or lecture work per week through one semester. Graduates of accredited high schools will be admitted to our Collegiate department without examination, and, in addi- tion to our required work in English, will be permitted to enter any of our courses for which they are fitted, due regard being had to the necessary sequence of courses. Each Pro- fessor, in his own department, will prescribe the order in which his courses must be taken. Students of collegiate rank who fail in any study because of inadequate preparation will be allowed to make up their preparatory work in our Academic department, but such work will not be counted to their credit upon collegiate courses. DEPARTMENTS OF INSTRUCTION ANCIENT LANGUAGES. LATIN. Course IV. — Three hours per week throughout the year. Roman Social and Political Life. This course will consider the social and political side of Roman civilization. It will include selected readings from Roman historians and supple- mentary studies in history, geography, religion, mythology and in the private and public life of the people. First Semester. — Sallust ' s Jugurthine War and readings in the legendary history of Rome from Livy. Second Semester. — Readings in the more authentic his- tory of Rome from Livy and Tacitus. Course V. — One hour per week throughout the year. Required of all students who take Course IV. First Semester. — Ancient Religion and Society. Second Semester. — Roman Private and Public Life. Course VI. — Three hours per week throughout the year. Roman Art and Artistic Literature. This course will con- sider the aesthetic side of Roman civilization. It will in- clude readings from the Roman poets and studies in Roman Art. First Semester. — Lyric Poetry, Horace, Catullus and Virgil. Second Semester. — The Drama, Plautus, Terence and Seneca; Elegiac Poetry, Ovid, Tibullus, Propertius. Course VII. — Three hours per week throughout the year. YEAR BOOK 4 1 Roman Satiracle and Philosophical Literature. This course will consider the philosophical or reflective side of Roman civilization. The ethical schools of the Romans will be studied in relation to Greek Philosophy on th e one hand and to Roman Religion on the other. First Semester. — Eclecticism, Cicero, Horace, Juvenal. Second Semester. — Epicureanism, Lucretius; and Stoi- cism, Seneca. Course VIII. — Two hours per week throughout the year. Advanced Latin Grammar. First Semester. — Moods and Tenses. Second Semester. — Accidence and Syntax. Course IX. — Two hours per week throughout the year. The Pedagogy of Latin Teaching. A study of principles and methods, intended especially for students who expect to teach Latin. This will include advanced work in Latin Composi- tion, illustrative of principles, sight reading from Caesar, Cicero, Nepos, Livy, Virgil, and drill in practical teaching. GREEK. Courses are continuous throughout the year, unless oth- erwise specified. Course III. — Four hours per week. A. — Odyssey. B. — The Greek Historians. Course IV. — Four hours. A.— Attic Orators. B.— Attic Drama. Course V. — Three hours. A.— Plato. B. — Greek Epigraphy. A study of early Greek alphabets, and inscriptions. Course VI. — Two hours. A. — Pausanias. Collateral reading upon the topography, monuments and mythology of Ancient Athens. B.— Neo-Hellenic. An introduction to the study of Mod- 42 ALBION COLLEGE ern Greek, the course being based upon Thumb ' s Handbuch der neugriechischen Volkssprache. Course VII. — Seminar. Special facilities are offered for students desiring to do advanced or graduate work. Courses will be arranged to meet the requirements of individual stu- dents. MODERN LANGUAGES. GERMAN AND GERMAN LITERATURE. Course III. — Four hours per week throughout the year. First Semester. Literature. — Modern Authors. German Composition. — A thorough review of the cardinal points of German grammar and a thorough application of the same in letters and essays. Conversation. — The study of Germany. Second Semester. Literature. — Introduction into the German Drama. German Composition. — Continuation in the work of the previous semester. Study of German synonyms. Conversation. — The study of Germany. No one is eligible to this course who has not taken courses 1 and 2, or their equivalent. Course IV. — Four hours per week throughout the year. Open only to students who have taken courses 1, 2 and 3, or their equivalent. frl First Semester. Literature. — The 18th Century. This is an introductory study to the classical period of German literature. Lectures ; collateral reading; discussion. Second Semester. The 18th Century German Literature. — Continuation of the work in the previous semester. YEAR BOOK 43 This class is limited to twelve in number. Students who desire to enter this course, must first be approved by the in- structors of the Department. Course V. — Two hours per week throughout the year. Open to students who have token course 1 and 2, or their equivalent. First and Second Semester. Scientific German. — This course is designed to give the student a preparation sufficient to be at home in German scientific literature. The work to be done covers reading in : Physics, Chemistry, Mineralogy, Biology, Botany, etc. Course VI. — Two hours per week throughout the year. Open to students who have studied German at least three years successfully. First Semester. History of German Literature. — Robertson ' s History of German Literature will be used as a text. Collateral read- ing. Lectures. Discussion. Second Semester. Method of Teaching Modern Languages. — Bahlsen ' s The Teaching of Modern Languages will serve as a basis for the work. Lectures. Collateral reading. Discussion. BOMANCE LANGUAGES, FRENCH AND FRENCH LITERATURE. Course I. — Four hours per week throughout the year. First Semester. Reading. — Easy Prose. Construction. — Pronunciation; study of the parts of speech; conversation. Second Semester. Reading of easy prose continued. 44 ALBION COLLEGE Construction. — Grammar ; French composition ; Conver- sation ; The study of modern France. Course II. — Four hours per week throughout the year. First and Second Semester. Reading. — Such books as : Sand ' s La Mare au Diable ; Erckmann-Chatrian ' s Madame Therese, Le Consent ; some easy French plays are read and interpreted in French. Construction. — Grammar; French composition. Conversation. — The study of France : its customs and in- stutions. Course III. — Four hours a week throughout the year. First and Second Semester. Duval ' s History of the French literature will be taken up and studied with appropriate selections from French authors. The study of the history of French Grammar will also be begun. ENGLISH LANGUAGE. Course I. — Rhetoric and Composition. Three hours. Required of all freshmen. The work of this course is divided equally among writing, recitation from text and criticism of examples of English style. A. First Semester. — Review of Syntax; first half of Newcomer ' s Elements of Rhetoric; standard selections of prose; writing of expositions. B. Second Semester. — Figures of speech; second half of text on Rhetoric; standard selections of prose; a study of synonymns based on Smith ' s Synonymns Discriminated; writing of expositions and arguments. Course II. — Advanced Composition. Three hours. Re- quired of all sophomores. A course in literary and artistic composition. YEAR BOOK 45 A. First Semester. — Persuasion. Editorial writing, oration writing, a study of the masterpieces of persuasive and oratorical composition; the principles of logical com- position, as found in Baldwin ' s College Manual of Rhetoric and Wendell ' s English Composition. B. Second Semester. — Literary Composition. Descrip- tions, short stories, versifying, a study of the principles of artistic description and narration and of the mechanism of poetry; reading and criticism of novels, short stories and lyric poems. Open only to those who have had Course I. Course III. — Two hours per week. A. First Semester. — Prose Masterpieces. An inductive study of the masterpieces of English prose from Bacon to Holmes, based on Clark ' s A Study of English Prose Master- pieces. B. Second Semester. — Completion of A. In addition, a study of masterpieces of poetry. Open only to those who have completed Course I. Course IV. — Writing. One hour a week throughout the year. This course is designed to furnish practice for those students who wish to develop the art of writing. No limit is placed on the range of subjects. Open only to those who have had two years of work in the department of English language. The instructor reserves the right to limit the num- ber of this class at his discretion. Course V. — Forensics. A course in debating. Two hours a week throughout the year. Weekly drill in speaking and in the drawing of briefs upon assigned topics. Open only to those whoh ave completed Course I. ENGLISH LITERATURE. Course I. — Critical survey of English Literature. History of early English Literature, including a study 46 ALBION COLLEGE of Childe ' s Boewulf. Study of Chaucer ' s Canterbury Tales, with collateral reading in Langland and Wyclif. Brief study of Gower, Lydgate, Occleve, Hawes, Skelton, the most pop- ular mediaeval ballads and Tottel ' s Miscellany. Critical dis- cussion of Malory ' s Morte d ' Arthur, More ' s Utopia, and Lyly ' s Euphues. Edmund Spencer. The rise and development of the drama, with a study of dramatic law and technique, from the time of the Miracle Play. Milton, Dryden, Pope and some of the lesser poets of the Jacobean, Caroline and Augustan periods. Bacon, Swift and Johnson. Course II. — Nineteenth Century Poetry. The Romantic Movement. Influence of the French Rev- olution and German Transcendental Philosophy. Words- worth and Shelly. Keats and Byron. Browning and Tennyson. Course III. — Nineteenth Century Prose. Jeffries, Hunt, Christopher North, Hazlitt, Lamb and Landor. Carlyle, Coleridge and Ruskin. DeQuincy, Arnold and Pater. Course IV. — Theories of Literary Criticism. Study of the principles laid down by Plato, Aristotle, Addison, Lessing and contemporary views as seen in Arnold, Robertson, Moulton, etc. Principles of Criticism applied to the study of the Epic, Lyric and Drama; the Novel, Essay and Romance. Poetics. An investigation of the laws and art of verse- making. Course V. — Shakespeare. Careful reading of certain plays illustrating the development of his dramatic art. Course VI. — Development of the Novel. From Field- ing to Stevenson. Only part of the foregoing courses given 1908-09. YEAR BOOK 47 PUBLIC SPEAKING. Course I. — Elocution. Two hours throughout the year. A. First Semester. The physical aspects of public speech. Drill in pronunciation, enunciation, variety, direct- ness, the development of vocal purity and of vocal energy. B. Second Semester. The intellectual and emotional side of public speech. Daily drill on masterpieces of ora- tory, with the object of cultivating appreciativeness, poise, color, melody and mastery of an audience. Open to those who have had English I. Course 77. — Two hours per week throughout the year. The student is required to read and analyze examples of standard English oratory and to work out the principles of oration writing. He is also required to write and pronounce at least one oration a term on assigned or on chosen topics. The members of the class are urged to avoid the standard prevalent in college oratorical efforts and to study the re- quirements of the broader style of oratory demanded by every day life. The recitation periods are divided equally between the study of the oration and drill in delivery. Open only to those who have completed Course I and English I. Course III. — One hour per week throughout the year. Bible, hymn and Liturgic reading. Primarily for stud- ents intending to enter the ministry. HISTORY. Course I. — History of Europe. From the dissolution of the Roman Empire to the be- ginning of the Twentieth Century. About one-third of the course will be devoted to the Eighteenth and Nineteenth 48 ALBION COLLEGE Centuries. Particular attention will be given to economic and social progress in the various Europea ncountries. A. First Semester. — Three hours. B. Second Semester. — Three hours. Text-books. Collateral reading. Lectures. Course II. — American History. Emphasis will be laid upon the influence of geographic conditions in American history, the development of our con- stitutional system, the industrial progress of the nation, its tariff history, the anti-slavery agitation and the problems conected with the Reconstruction. A. Second Semester. — Four hours. (Not given, 190S- 09.) B. First Semester. — Four hours. C. Second Semester. — Four hours. Text-books. Lectures. Collateral reading. Reports. Course III.— English History. (Not given, 1908-09.) First Semester. — Four hours. Particular attention will be given to Constitutional and Economic his:ory. Text- books. Lectures. Collateral reading. Reports. Course IV. — History of Civilisation. (Not given, 1908-09.) First Semester. — Three hours. A review of the elements of civilization from an historical point of view. The devel- opment of political and iegal institutions, the evolution of religion and of morals, the growth of commerce, wealth and industrial institutions and the development of literature, art and education. Text-bootC. Lectures. Colateral read- ing. ECONOMICS. Course I. — Introductory. A prerequisite to all other courses in Economics. A brief study of the fundamental laws of economic science; and of the application of economic principles to YEAR BOOK 49 practical problems. Among the topics considered will be value, capital, wages, interest, profit, money and banking, labor laws, labor organizations, taxation and finance, social- ism, the single tax, railroads, monopoly, municipal owner- ship. First Semester. — Four hours. Text-book. Collateral reading. Course II. — Labor Problems and Labor Organizations. (Not given, 1908-09). Unemployment. Wages. Standard of Living. Child and Woman Labor. Strikes. Arbitration. Immigration. Profit sharing. Co-operation. Industrial Education. A study of the evolution, aims, ideals and methods of organ- ized labor in the United States. First Semester. — Four hours. Lectures. Text-book. Collateral reading. Reports. Course III. — Economic Problems. Customs and Competition. Trusts and Combinations, history, benefits and evils of trusts, methods of control, etc. Railroads, history, organization, theory of railroad rates, state and national control, etc. Agricultural Economics. First Semester. — Four hours. Lectures. Text-books. Collateral reading. Reports. Course IV. — Socialism and Social Reform. Communism. Socialism. Christian Socialism. Anarch- ism. The Single Tax Movement. Second Semester. — Two hours. Lectures. Text-books. Collateral reading. Course V. — Taxation and Finance. (Not given, 1908- 09.) . History and Theory of Taxation. The general property tax. Land tax. Income and inheritance taxes. The single tax. Tax reform. Second Semester. — Three hours. Text-book. Lectures. Colateral reading. Course VI. Elementary Statistics. 50 ALBION COLLEGE The theory of statistics. Methods employed in statisti- cal investigation. Second Semester. — One hour. Text-book. Exercises. Lectures. Course VII. General and Practical Sociology. Nature of Sociology. Social control, evolution and forces. Charities. Crime. Juvenile Delinquency. Visits to County and State Institutions. Second Semester. — Three hours. Text-books. Lectures. Collateral reading. POLITICAL SCIENCE. Course I. Government in the United States. (Not given, 1908-09.) A brief study of national, state and local government in the United States. Second Semester. — Three hours. Text-book. Collateral reading. Course II. World Politics. (Not given, 1908-09.) Special attention will be given to conditions in the Orient. Second Semester. — Two hours. Lectures. Text-book. Collateral reading. Course III. Modern Political Theories. With special reference to American political theories. Second Semester. — Two hours. Lectures. Collateral reading. MATHEMATICS. The object of this department is twofold, — to give mental discipline and to practically apply the principles to the differ- YEAR BOOK 5 1 ent arts and sciences. Clear thinking and the expression of such thoughts in graphic form or by concise English are emphasized; mechanical methods of obtaining results are avoided. Though many of the subjects offered are usually classed under Pure Mathematics, their practical application is given due prominence. The wisdom of this course will be easily seen when it is remembered that mathematical prin- ciples underlie the great mechanical enterprises of modern civilization. At the beginning of the Freshman year, a few days will be given to a review of the fundamental principles of Alge- bra, and those who show a marked deficiency therein will not be allowed to continue. Justice to the student as well as to the department requires this. Course I. Plane and Spherical Trigonometry. Text, Lyman and Goddard. First Semester. Four hours. Course II. College Algebra. Text, Fine. Second Sem- ester. Four hours. Course III. Analytic Geometry and Differential Cal- culus begun. The course in Analytic Geometry includes the point, straight line, conic sections and the equation of the second degree. First Semester. Four hours. Text, Ashton. Course IV. Differential Calculus completed and Inte- gral Calculus. Text, Osborne. Second Semester. Four hours. Course V. Theory of Equations. Text, Burnside and Panton. Three hours. First Semester. Course VI. Theory of Determinants. Text, Weld. Three hours. Second Semester. Course VII. Elementary Differential Equations. Text, Murray. Three hours. First Semester. Alternate years. Will be given in 1908-09. Course VIII. Advanced Differential Equations. Text, Page. Second Semester. Three hours. Alternate years. Will be given in 1908-9. Course IX. Advanced Analytics. This course is a con- 52 ALBION COLLEGE tinuation of Course III. It treats of Higher Plane Curves, and Geometry of three dimensions. Alternate years. Will be offered in 1909-10. First Semester. Three hours. Course X. Modern Analytics. In this course Calculus methods are applied. Three hours. Second Semester. Alter- nate years. Will be given in 1909-10. Course XI. Plane Surveying. Offered alternate years if demanded by a sufficient number of students, j Course V and VI will be offered every year. All stu- dents who are aiming to specialize in Mathematics should take these courses. Open to those students who have com- pleted the freshman work. ASTRONOMY. This department is necessarily closely allied with that of Mathematics. A clear idea of Spherical Geometry is needed even in an elementary course, and Spherical Trigono- metry is used more and more as one advances. The aim will be to use enough of the wealth of astronomical mytho- logy, biography and history to make this science highly in- teresting. Course I. Descriptive Astronomy. Four hours. First Semester. Prerequisites, admission requirements to fresh- man class in algebra and geometry, and high school physics. An elementary course whose purpose is to give the stu- dent a conception of the solar system and stellar heavens. Attention will be paid to the constellations and current celes- tial phenomena. Observations with the naked eye and equa- torial telescope. Course II. General Astronomy. Four hours. Second Semester. Prerequisites, Elementary Physics and Course I of Mathematics. Based on Young ' s General Astronomy (re- vised edition.) Use of equatorial, transit and sidereal clock YEAR BOOK 53 for the simpler problems of Practical Astronomy; use of Nautical Almanac; star charting; calculation of suitable problems; special attention paid to observational work. PHYSICS Course I. General Physics. A descriptive course in general physics, including Mechanics, Sound, Light and Electricity. Two illustrated lectures and two quizzes per week. Students not intending to specialize in science, but desiring a general culture course in physics, will find this course and Course II adapted to their needs. This course is open to freshmen and should be elected as a freshman or sophomore study by those intending to specialize in physics or contemplating the pursuit of any pure science, engineering or medicine. Texts : Reed ' s College Physics, Part I, and Jackson ' s Elementary Electricity and Magnetism. A. Mechanics and Sound. Three hours. First Sem- ester. B. Light and Elecricity. Three hours. Second Sem- ester. Course II. Laboratory Physics. An elementary experi- mental determination of physical quantities in Mechanics, Sound, Light and Heat. This course is open to students who are taking, or have taken, Course I in General Physics. Three hours are spent in the laboratory each week and one period is devoted to discussions on experiments. Text : Reed and Guthe ' s Manual of Physical Measurements. A. Mechanics and Sound. Two hours. First Semester. B. Light and Heat. Two hours. Second Semester. Course III. Advanced General Physics. Heat and Electricity. Two illustrated lectures and two quizzes per week. Text : Carhart ' s University Physics, Part 2, supple- mented by references to other modern texts. 54 ALBION COLLEGE A. Heat. Three hours. First Semester. B. Magnetism and Electricity. Three hours. Second Semester. Course IV.— (To be given in 1908-9). Batteries. Four hours. First Semester. A study of batteries, using Cooper ' s Primary Batteries as a text, accompanied by battery tests in the laboratory. Guthe ' s Manual is followed largely in the lab- oratory work. Four hours each week are spent in the labo- ratory, and two hours are given to class discussion. This course is open to students who have had, or are taking, Course III in Physics, and General Chemistry. Course V. — (Given in 1908-9) Elements of Electrical Engineering. Four hours. Second Semester. Study of direct current generators and motors, storage batteries, and electric distribution. Text, Franklin and Esty ' s Elements of Electrical Engineering. Course V is open to students who have had, or are taking, Course III. Course VI.— (Not given in 1908-9). Electrical Meas- urements. Four hours. Second Semester. A laboratory course in the measurement of resistance, E. M. F., current, quantity, and capacity. Four hours each week in the labo- ratory and two hours for class discussions. Text, Carhart and Patterson ' s Electrical Measurements. Prerequisites, Course III B and sophomore mathematics. Course VII.— (Not given in 1908-9). Theoretical Me- chanics. Four hours. First Semester. This course is espe- cially designed for students of engineering. Text, Ziwet ' s Elements of Theoretical Mechanics. Prerequisites, Courses I and II and sophomore mathematics. The head of this department will be pleased to advise with students who desire to prepare themselves to teach Physics, or who expect to engage in any line of engineering work. YEAR BOOK 55 CLASSIFICATION OF COURSES WITH REGARD TO FUTURE WORK OF STUDENTS. Teaching : Students who expect to teach general science should complete at least Courses I and II ; those who desire to become special teachers of physics, or of physics and some allied subject, should complete Courses I, II, III, IV and VI. Engineering : Courses I, II, III and VII are the equiva- lent of similar courses that are required by all good engi- neering schools of all students in Civil, Mechanical, Electric- al, Chemical and Architectural Engineering. Courses IV, V and VI are required courses in Electrical Engineering and are strongly recommended to students in other lines of en- gineering work. Medicine and Surgery. Course I covers the require- ments made in physics by medical schools. Pharmacy : Courses I and III cover the requirements made in physics by pharmaceutical colleges. CHEMISTRY. Chemistry is taught in Albion College primarily for the purpose of making a most important contribution to the gen- eral culture of the student, for want of which that culture would be imperfect and unsymmetrical. That the study of chemistry fully justifies itself as a disciplinary study is con- ceded by all, and in addition to this the study is broadly in- formational and brings the student into an intelligent and practical relation with many of the leading commercial ac- tivities of the age. Still further, the McMillan Chemical Laboratory is con- stantly sending out its graduates into the manufacturing world as practical and successful chemists. The courses; 56 ALBION COLLEGE presented are identical with those of other institutions given under the head of Chemical and Mining Engineering, and our students are, many of them, directing the chemical work of many great manufacturing concerns. Well trained and capable chemists are in good demand and oftentimes the lab- oratory is unable to meet the demand for such trained labor. It will be noticed that the courses which follow are clas- sified into General Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Medical and Pharmaceutical Chemistry. All students in Chemistry will pursue the courses under the first heading as these constitute a foundation for those that follow. Course I. — Chemistry of the Non-Metals. Four hours first semester. A text is used, such as Newth, Remsen or Alexander Smith, with lecture table demonstrations, lectures and laboratory work. Course II. — Chemistry of the Metals and Qualitative Chemistry. Four double hours beginning toward the close of the first semester and half of the second. The reactions of the various metals and their salts are studied with a view to their separation and identification and as well to lay a thor- ough foundation for all the subsequent work. Course III. — Advanced Qualitative Chemical Analysis, with special reference to the study of oxidation and reduc- tion. Four hours during last two-thirds of second semester and completing the course in General Chemistry. Text Prescott and Johnson. Course IV. — Quantitative Chemistry. Four hours first semester. Laboratory work twelve hours per week, with lect- ures and recitations, (a) Gravimetric Analysis. The stud- ents first analyze and estimate substances of known composi- tion in order that they may constantly check the accuracy of their work by comparing it with the known percentage com- position, (b) Volumetric Analysis, including the study of indicators and the preparation and use of the standard solu- tions in common use in technical work. Course V. — Quantitative Chemistry. Four hours, second YEAR BOOK 57 semester. A continuation of Course IV, in which the work consists of the analysis of materials of the complex nature such as is met in actual practice. Twelve hours laboratory work per week. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING. Course VI. — Mineralogy. Three double hours, first semester. Given in 1908-9 and each alternate year. Text, Moses and Parsons ' Elements of Mineralogy. About forty typical minerals are studied by means of both chemical and physical tests, with a view to their identification and also to learn the methods by which any mineral may be determined. This course must be preceded by Courses I and II. The next five courses are included under the general head of Chemical Technology. The work occupies two entire years. They are such studies as are found in courses in the leading universities under the title of Chemical and Mining Engineering. Course VII. — Coal and Gas Analysis. Four hours. Lab- oratory practice twelve hours per week. First twelve weeks of first semester. This includes the chemistry of illuminating gas, the analysis of coal, coal gas and by products, the struct- ure and management of a gas plant. Text, Hempel ' s Gas Analysis. Pre-requisites Courses III and IV. Course VIII. — Technical Water Analysis. Four hours. Laboratory work twelve hours per week, last six weeks of first semester. Selected methods are followed. Course IX. — Portland Cement. Four hours second semester. Laboratory work twelve hours per week. Lecture and quiz one hour per week. Texts, Meade and Stillman. The Physics and Chemistry of Portland and Natural Cements, including the study of the raw materials, the com- position, manufacture and testing of the finished product. Students entering this course must have had Course IV and all preceding courses. Course X. — Assaying. Three hours first semester. Lab- 58 ALBION COLLEGE oratory work three hours per day. Text, Ricketts and Miller. This includes the metallurgy of gold, silver, lead andother ores. This course will be given in 1908-9 and each alternate year. Prerequisites Courses I to V inclusive. Course XL — Iron and Steel Analysis. Three hours sec- ond semester. Nine hours laboratory work per week. Text, Blair. Will be given in 1908-9 and each alternate year there- after. Prerequisite, Course X. Course XII. — Electrolysis. Three hours. Second semes- ter. Laboratory work nine hours per week. Text, Smith. Will be given in 1909-10 and each alternate year. MEDICAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY. Course XIII. — Organic Chemistry. Five hours. The study of the text, with lextures, three days per week. Labor- atory work in Synthetical Preparations six hours per week. First semester. This course may be taken by students who have completed Course III. The work of the first semester covers a study of the Paraffin Hydrocarbons and their de- rivatives. Course XIV. — Organic Chemistry. Five hours. This is Course XIII continued through the second semester. The work includes the study of the Benzine Hydrocarbons and their derivatives. Study of the text and organic preparations as in the first semester. Course XV. — Sanitary Water Analysis. Three hours. First semester. Laboratory practice nine hours per week. Alternate years. Text, Leffman and Beam. Course XVI. — The Chemistry of Foods. Three hours, second semester. Laboratory work nine hours per week. Text, Leach ' s Food Inspection and Analysis. The course includes a study of methods of analysis of food products with a view to ascertaining their strength and purity. Flour, milk, butter and other foods are studied. Given in 1909-10 and -each alternate year. Course XVII. — Sanitary Science. Three hours, second YEAR BOOK 59 semester. Lectures and research work three days per week. Includes the study of communicable diseases, their origin, development, spread and prevention; a study of the air, nature, sources of contamination, sewer gas, plumbing, disin- fection, ventilation, water, composition, distribution, pollution, disposal of sewerage and house refuse, foods, purity, adulter- ation, methods of detecting, cooking, diet; clothing; home making. Will be given in 1909-10 and each alternate year. Course XVIII. — Ultimate Organic Analysis. Three hours, second semester. Nine hours laboratory work per week. A separate laboratory, thoroughly equipped for this purpose, is provided. Students expecting to teach chemistry will be given work to prepare them in chemical manipulation and the care and management of a laboratory. Students doing meritorious work in the above courses readily receive advance credit for them in the leading uni- versities, engineering schools and medical colleges. BIOLOGY. Course I. — Zoology. Four hours throughout the year. Three hours weekly are spent in the laboratory in the study of types representing nearly all the more important classes of the animal kingdom. The laboratory work is accompanied by two lectures or quizzes each week, roughly parallel to the laboratory work, on the comparative anatomy and classifica- tion of animals. A. — Protozoa, Porifera, Coelentera, Echinoderma and Worms. First semester. B. — Mollusca, Arthropoda, Vertebrata. Second semester. Course II. — Botany. Six hours. One hour lecture or quiz and two double hours in the laboratory or the field, weekly, throughout the year. 60 ALBION COLLEGE A. — The processes of plant life; the structure of plants; a systematic study of the lower plants, from Myxomycetes to Vascular Cryptogams. First semester. B. — Continuation of the above, extending the study to the Spermaphytes. A considerable part of the time during the spring may be given to field work in Ecology. Second semester. Course III. — Laboratory Methods and Microscopical Technique. Three hours. First semester. Two double hours in the laboratory, with lectures or quizzes each week. This course is especially designed for those that expect to teach the natural sciences or to pursue the study of medicine. It applies on the Normal Course. It includes : methods of kill- ing, fixing and preserving; section cutting and mounting; the microscope and microscopical methods; testing and proper use of instruments, with repair of the same ; field work ; fauna and flora ; general care of a laboratory. Those taking this as a normal course will be expected to give a certain amount of time to work with classes in the laboratories. Course IV. — Embryology. Four hours. A course of three double hours in the laboratory and one lecture or quiz per week, during the second semester. Chief stress will be laid upon Vertebrates, which will be studied comparatively, bringing out the general principles governing their develop- ment. Course V. — Advanced Zoology. Six hours. Three hours weekly, throughout the year. Acquaintance with the general facts of Zoology will be assumed and the time will be de- voted to the philosophy of zoology and to the discussion of leading biological questions. Text, Thomson ' s Outlines of Zoology, lectures and seminar work. A. — First Semester. General survey; nature of proto- plasm; the cell; animal and plant; heredity; sex; protozoa; origin of the metazoa ; coelentera. YEAR BOOK 61 B. — Second Semester. Cursory examination of other in- vertebrate types ; Vertebrates. Course VI. — Origins. A critical study of the theories of Development and Heredity and of the Foundations of Belief. One hour. First Semester. Students who intend to specialize in Biology will be en- couraged to pursue it further. Courses will be arranged for them as may be necessary, and all possible facilities will be offered in the prosecution of this work. The College has a large supply of material on hand for this purpose, and the surrounding country affords many problems of great in- terest. The Biological Club takes up work not otherwise pro- vided for. Since its organization it has endeavored to keep abreast of the current literature of Biology, and has afforded fuller and freer opportunity for the discussion of biological problems than the general class room. The number of mem- bers in the club is limited to eight and membership is attained through election by the club, upon recommendation of the professor of Biology. PHOTOGRAPHY. The theory, processes and applications of Photography, with especial reference to (a) its utilization as an aid to the teacher; (b) artistic photography. Given in 1908-9. Two hours. Second Semester. GEOLOGY. Prerequisites, Physics, Chemistry and Zoology. A study of the changes at present going on upon the 62 ALBION COLLEGE earth; their causes and the records they have left in the rocks ; the development of existing surface configurations ; ' the changes in past conditions of physical geography and their consequent reaction upon life systems. Especial atten- tion is given to the development of the North American con- tinent, and to the geological history of Michigan. Three hours each week throughout the year. Not given in 1908-9. PHILOSOPHY. Course I. — Psychology. First Semester; four hours. This is a course in general psychology. It treats especially of the senses, intellect, the feelings, and the will. Course II. — Logic. Second Semester; four hours. A course in Formal Logic, presented by means of text-books, lectures, and discussion. The first part of the semester will be devoted to Deduction, aiming to acquaint the student with the various laws and forms of the syllogism, and with the methods of detecting logical fallacies. The second part of the semester is devoted to Inductive Logic, and treats of in- ference, induction, hypotheses, analogy, probability, chance, etc. The relations of Logic to actual life are carefully con- sidered. Course III. — Ethics. Second Semester : four hours. The study and comparison of the methods used in history for the ascertainment of the ultimate principles of Ethics, and the methods of their application to the ordinary conditions of daily life, both for the individual and for the state. Especial attention is given to the most recent views. Course IV. — History of Ancient and Mediaeval Philoso- phy. First Semester; three hours. The rise and general course of the philosophical systems of Greece and their in- fluence on history. Especial attention is given to Plato, Aris- totle, Epicureanism, and Stoicism. This is followed by a YEAR BOOK 63 study of the course of philosophical development in the mid- dle ages and the theological and social connections therewith. Course V. — History of Modern Philosophy. Second Semester; three hours. A consideration of the characteristic doctrines of Descartes, Spinoza, Locke, Berkeley, Leibnitz, rent forms of Sensationalism, Idealism, Skepticism, Mystic- ism and Pragmatism. The principles of thought development and their relations to religion and society will be emphasized. Course VI. — The Philosophy of Plato. First Semester; three hours. An intensive study of the philosophy of Plato, including the study of his more important writings, the his- torical connections of his philosophy, and its influence in his- tory. Course VII — Kant and Modern Metaphysics. Second Semester; three hours. A study of the problem of know- ledge, and Kant ' s solution of it, together with the most recent tendencies and interpretations. Courses II and III will be given in alternate years. Course II will be given in 1908-9. Courses VI and VII will be given in 1908-9. Courses IV and V will be given in 1909-10. PEDAGOGY. The course of study in this department has been ap- proved by the State Board of Education and students complet- ing it are entitled to the Teacher ' s College Certificate, issued by the State Board of Education. Upon a subsequent page, under the general heading COLLEGE WORK TABULATED, will be found a state- ment of the specific courses offered as Normal Work. Espec- ial attention is given to the History of Education, to the Com- parison of Continental Educational Systems with our own, to the subject of School Law and to Applied Psychology. In 64 ALBION COLLEGE connection with the work indicated above, there are Methods Courses in English, Physics, History, Biology, Chemistry, Latin, German and Greek. The various Normal Courses are offered in connection with work in the different departments of the institution. Applied Psychology, History of Education and School Law are required of all candidates for the Teacher ' s Colege Cer- tificate. The remainder of the work candidates should elect, as far as possible, from the departments in which they expect to teach. THE ENGLISH BIBLE. The work in this Department is so arranged that the various courses, taken as a whole, give a complete survey of the English Bible, from different points of view. Each course is continuous throughout the year, unless otherwise indicated. Course I. — The Gospels. Two hours. The course will begin with a study of the Maccabean and Roman periods of Jewish History, in order that a clear idea of the political, social and historical background of the Gospel History may be secured. Open to preparatory students. Course II. — The Apostolic Church. Two hours. The history and teaching of the Apostolic Church will be studied. Special attention will be given to the political and social con- ditions of the times. Open to Freshmen. Course III. — Old Testament History. Two hours. The History of Syria and Palastine will be studied, from the earl- iest times to the Maccabean epoch. Open to Sophomores. Course IV. — Biblical Masterpieces. Two hours. The English Bible will be studied from the literary point of view. Attention will also be given to the influence of the English Bible upon English Literature. Open to Juniors. Course V. — Christian Sociology. Two hours. First YEAR BOO K 65 Semester. The course affords an opportunity for the study of the relation of New Testament teachings to the solution of present day problems. Open to Seniors. Course VI. — Evidences of Christianity. Two hours. Second Semester. Text, The Grounds of Christian and Theistic Belief, Fisher. Open to Seniors. Course VII. — Greek Testament. Two hours. Especial attention will be given to the grammatical and lexical details of the Pauline Epistles. Texts : Westcott and Hort ' s Greek New Testament, Thayer ' s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament, New Testament Grammar (Moulton, Burton). Collateral work will be assigned in special introduction Open to students who have had two years of Classical Greek. Course VIII. — English Bible Seminar. One hour. Op- portunity is afforded in the Seminar for original research and critical study of important topics. Reports and theses will be presented for discussion and criticism. Open to college stud- ents who have had Courses I and II. Course IX — Hebrew. Two hours. Harper ' s text-books will be used in this course. Open to college students. 66 ALBION COLLEGE GROUPING OF ELECTIVE WORK. While the Faculty of Albion College approve the elective system, it has seemed wise to somewhat restrict elections until the student has come fully in touch with his surround- ings and has gained some maturity of mind. Freshmen and Sophomores are therefore required to make their election ac- cording to the following plan : — FRESHMEN. English I is required of all Freshmen. GROUP A GROUP B GROUP C Latin Greek French German Mathematics Physics Chemistry Biology History English Bible English Literature Oratory Each of the three groups must be represented in the schedule of each Freshman. SOPHOMORES. The choice of studies for Sophomores is restricted to the following subjects: — English II is required of all Sophomores. GROUP A GROUP B Latin Mathematics Greek Botany French Biology I German Adv. Zoology Forensics European Hist, or English Bible II Hist, of Civilization Oratory Physics Chemistry Economics I At least three hours from each group (A and B) must be represented in the schedule of every sophomore. COLLEGE WORK TABULATED Latin Greek Modern Languages English Language English Literature Oratory History Economics Political Science Mathematics Roman Social and Political Life Mythology and Religion, Public and Private Life Roman Art and Artistic Literature Roman Philosophy Advanced Latin Grammar Latin Pedagogy Odyssey ; Greek Historians Attic Orators : Attic Drama Plato ; Greek Epigraphy Pausanias ; Neo-Hellenic Seminar German: Course 3 Course 4 Course 5 Course 6 French: Course 1 Course 2 Course 3 Rhetoric and Composition Advanced Composition Prose Masterpieces Writing Forensics Critical Survey of English Literature Nineteenth Century Poetry Nineteenth Century Prose Theories of Literary Criticism Shakespeare Development of the Novel Elocution Oratorical Composition Bible. Hymn and Liturgic Reading History of Europe American History ♦English History (Alternate Years) ♦History of Civilization (Alternate Years) Economics I ♦Labor Problems and Organizations (Alternate Years) Economic Problems Socialism : ♦Taxation and Finance (Alternate Y r ears) Elementary Statistics General and Practical Sociology ♦Government in the U. S. (Alternate Years) World Politics (Alternate Years) Modern Political Theories Trigonometry Algegra Analytic Geometry and Calculus Theory of Equations Theory of Determinants Elementary Differential Equations (Alternate Years) Advanced Differential Equations (Alternate Y r ears) ♦Advanced Analytics (Alternate Yearr) ♦Modern Analytics (Alternate Years) Plane Surveying (Alternate Years) TERMS 1 2 3 3 1 1 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 4 4 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 4 4 4 4 2 2 2 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 4 4 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 1 3 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 2 3 1 3 3 2 2 4 4 4 4 3 3 ♦Not given in 1908-09. Astronomy Physics Chemistry Biology Philosophy Normal English Bible College Work Tabulated. (Continued) Descriptive Astronomy. General Astronomy General Physics: Mechanics and Sound Light and Electricity Laboratory Physics: Mechanics and Sound Light and Heat Advanced General Physics: Heat ' Magnetism and Electricity Batteries (Alternate Years) Elements of Electrical Engineering (Alternate Years) Electrical Measurements Theoretical Mechanics (Alternate Y ' ears) Non-Metals, Qualitative and Advanced Quali- tative Analysis Quantitative Chemistry Mineralogy (Alternate Years) Coal, Gas and Water Analysis (Alternate Years) Cement Chemistry Assaying (Alternate Years) Iron and Steel Analysis (Alternate Years) Electrolysis (Alternate Years) Organic Chemistry Sanitary Water Analysis (Alternate Y r ears; Chemistry of Foods (Alternate Years) Sanitary Science (Alternate Years) Ultimate Organic Analysis (Alternate Years). . Zoology Botany Laboratory Methods and Microscopical Tech- nique Embryology Advanced Zoology Origins Geology (Alternate Years) Photography (Alternate Years) Psychology Logic (Alternate Y r ears) Ethics (Alternate Years) History of Ancient and Mediaeval Philosophy (Alternate V ears) History of Modern Philosophy (Alternate Y T ears) Philosophy of Plato Kant and Modern Metaphysics Applied Psychology History of Education and Continental Edu- cational Systems School Law Methods in English Methods in Physics Methods in History Methods in Biology (Laboratory Methods) Normal Chemistry Normal Latin Normal German Normal Greek The Gospels Apostolic Church Old Testament History — Biblical Masterpieces Christian Sociology Evidences of Christianity. Greek Testament Seminar Hebrew Not given in 1908-09. Schedule of Recitations For 1908-1909 Figures refer to the days of the week 1 Monday 2 Tuesday 3 Wednesday 4 Thursday 5 Friday x cp ost. Ch. 3, 5 1. 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Fh • O CD co CD CD 5 ri4 a © CO CD CD O Begin G 2, 3,4 Gree Histori 2,3,4 42 5 Attic Dr 2,3,4 Nor ' l G 1 o3 t o3 co a P .So CD eoiJ P t-5 - a- beco Livy tus 1, Norm ' l 2, CO  -i o3 P - a3 p ►J CD h PP a o P3 a r 4 of c 2, 3, 4, 5 Psychol, t, 5, Sch. Org. 1 CD CD CO CO CO 43 CO 43 Lat. 2, 4 ormal emistry 1 43 Q. u o o a 00 3 O SZ5 a cd § o o o o § lO 1 ° o CO O CO o CO $ 00 C3J o o 1 - 1—1 M CO 5 GRADUATION. The degree of Bachelor of Arts will be conferred upon all persons regularly admitted to the Collegiate department who complete, in accordance with our requirements, the pre- scribed number of courses. Students must be in residence here during their Senior year. Bachelor of Music is conferrd on all who complete the course in Music in addition to a full college course. MASTER ' S DEGREE. The Master ' s degree is not an honorary one and is no longer given in course. It is intended to testify to the recipi- ent ' s actual and ascertained progress in some special lines of post-graduate study. The Master ' s degree will be granted to persons who already have received the Bachelor ' s degree and who finish in a satisfactory manner a course of resident, advanced study in Albion College, for a period of at least one year after gradu- ating. The degree may also be granted, under similar condi- tions, to those spending two years in resident study in a non-professional department of another college, or three years in non-professional study in absentia. The work to be done in the two cases last named must, however, be equivalent in the aggregate to that required of resident graduate students. A Major and two Minor lines of work must be prosecut- ed, one-half of the total amount of work being upon the Major course. The course of study will be under the direction of the committee on Graduate Instruction, acting with the heads of the departments in which the candidates desire to study. Candidates will be required to present a thesis, and pass a satisfactory examination, either oral or written. 74 ALBION COLLEGE Bachelors of other colleges of satisfactory grade of schol- arship may receive the Master ' s degree after one year ' s resi- dent study under the conditions above specified. In all cases where the work to be done embraces original investigation and research, the candidate may be required also to present exhibits showing the results of such work. These and exhibits must be submitted to the committee before the first day of May, and candidates must present themselves for examination during the two weeks prior to Commencement week. The examination will be public. The fee for the degree will be ten dollars. DIPLOMAS. A graduating diploma is given to the student completing a course of music in the Conservatory. A graduating diploma is granted to each student complet- ing a full course in the Theory and Art of Painting. A diploma is granted to each student completing either the general business course or the shorthand and typewriting course in the commercial department. The above degrees or graduating diplomas are granted only on satisfactory examination and payment of the regular fees. ENROLLMENT AND WORK OF CLASS OFFICERS. 1. The first day of each semester is devoted to the work of enrollment, the regular class exercises beginning on the following morning. 2. Class officers are appointed as follows : One each for the Junior and Senior classes, two for the Sophomore class, four for the Freshman class and two for sub-collegiate stu- dents. The duties of these officers are to advise the students YEAR BOOK 75 as to course of study, and to make out their study tickets. Each study ticket must have the approval of the class officer noted thereon before the bearer will be permitted to enroll in classes. These officers are supplied with the arrears cards of those under their charge. 3. The student will take his entrance blank to the treas- urer, who will furnish him a receipt for money paid, retaining the study ticket. 4. Immediately after chapel on the next morning the stu- dent will call at the office and receive cards entitling him to admission to classes. 5. Failure on the part of any student to enroll on the regular day for registration involves a nadditional fee of one dollar. PRIZES AWARDED ANNUALLY. ORATORY. I. — The Berry Prize, established and endowed by the gift of $600 by Bishop Joseph F. Berry, D. D. This prize of $30 a year is awarded to the winner of the first honors in the Annual College Contest in Oratory. The winner also repre- sents the College in the Inter-Collegiate Contest. II — The Elsie S. Vernor Prize of $20 a year, endowed by Mr. Frank A. Vernor, of Detroit. This prize is awarded to the winner of second honors in the Annual College Con- test; the winner also becoming the alternate representative of the Inter-Collegiate Contest. III. — The Baldwin Prize in Oratory of $10 a year has been established by the Rev. C. W. Baldwin, of Detroit. IV. — George Bowen Silliman Oratorical Prize. This is an annual prize of $25 established by Mr. L. Silliman, of Albion, in honor of his son who died while a student in Col- lege. The prize is open to competition on the part of all 76 ALBION COLLEGE Sophomores who have attained a certain degree of excellence in Sophomore English. V. — Mr. and Mrs. C. M. Ranger, of Battle Creek, offer a prize of $20 to the winner of the Horn contest in 1908 and this prize will be continued by the Class of 1877. BIBLE FELLOWSHIP. This is a permanent fund, the interest of which is used for an annual prize in Bible study. It is expected that in time the Fellowship will become sufficiently large to enable at least one member of each graduating class to spend a year in Biblical research in the American schools in Rome and Jerusalem. Prof. F. S. Goodrich is the treasurer of the fund. SCHOLARSHIPS. Scholarships as an encouragement to meritorious stu- dents and as a recommendation of the highest scholarship, have been founded. The income from these scholarships is sufficient to pay the incidental fees. I. — The Hallock Scholarship, founded by Mr. and Mrs. T. T. Hallock, of Climax. A candidate for the missionary field will receive special consideration in the awarding of this scholarship. II. — The Robinson Scholarship, endowed by Mr. and Mrs. L. W. Robinson, of Battle Creek. Sons and daughters of superannuated ministers will receive special consideration in the awarding of this scholarship. III. — The Ionia Scholarship, endowed by the members of the Methodist Episcopal Church of Ionia, will be awarded YEAR BOOK 77 to the graduate of the Ionia High School excelling in intel- lectual attainment and moral worth. IV. — The Williams Scholarship, maintained by Mr. C. B. Williams, of Alpena. V. — The Shumaker Scholarship, endowed by S. F. and Susan M. Shumaker, of Centerville, preference to be given to students preparing for ministry or the missionary work. VI. — The Hicks Scholarship, founded by Mrs. Alice Hicks, of Lexington, and available for a worthy student of either sex. VII. — The Root Scholarship, endowed by Dr. and Mrs. W. W. Root, of Mason. VIII. — The Blackmar Scholarship, endowed by Mrs. E. B. Blackmar, of North Adams. IV. — The Bliss Scholarship, founded by Governor Aaron T. Bliss. X. — The Dwelle-Cook Scholarship, founded by Mrs. Eliza A. Cook, of Hanover. XL — The Wightman Scholarship, founded by Mr. E. B. Wightman, of Fenton. XII. — The Buck Scholarship, founded by Hon. George M. Buck and family, of Kalamazoo. XIII. — The Elizabeth Hoag Memorial Scholarship, to be assigned to such young women as are properly recom- mended and selected by the Woman ' s Foreign Missionary Society. The beneficiaries of this scholarship are to be young women who are already accepted for work in the foreign field under the direction of the Woman ' s Foreign Missionary Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church. This scholar- ship yields more than sufficient to pay the fees of a student and will give considerable financial assistance to those re- ceiving its benefits. XIV. — The John Graham Scholarship, established by Mrs. Mary J. Scudder, late of Grand Rapids, Mich., in honor of the Rev. John Graham, D. D. 78 ALBION COLLEGE XV. — The Mary J. Scudder Scholarship, No. 1, estab- lished by Mrs. Mary J. Scudder. XVI. — The Mary J. Scudder Scholarship, No. 2, estab- lished by Mrs. Mary J. Scudder. INTERCOLLEGIATE DEBATES. The Oratorical Committee, under the general supervision of the Professor of English and Oratory, has done excellent work along the line of intercollegiate debates. Albion ' s record for the past nine years has been an enviable one in this regard. ALBION ' S RECORD IN DEBATE SINCE 1900. HELD AT WON BY 1900 Albion vs. Allegheny Albion .Albion 1901 Albion vs. Allegheny Meadville, Pa., Albion 1902 Albion vs. Alma Alma, Mich., Albion 1902 Albion vs. DePauw Albion Albion 1903 Albion vs. Lawrence Albion Albion 1903 Albion vs. Upper Iowa .... Fayette, la., Albion 1903 Albion vs. DePauw Greencastle, Ind., DePauw 1904 Albion vs. Upper Iowa Albion Albion 1904 Albion vs. Lawrence Appleton, Wis Lawrence 1905 Albion vs. Washington Albion Albion and Jefferson 1905 Albion vs. Kalamazoo Albion Albion 1906 Albion vs. Earlham Richmond, Ind., Albion 1906 Albion vs. Allgheny Meadville, Pa., Allegheny 1906 Albion vs. Illinois Wesleyan Albion Albion 1907 Albion vs. Allegheny Albion Albion 1907 Albion vs. Illinois Wesleyan Bloomington, 111., 111. Wes. 1908 Albion vs. Detroit Law .... Albion Albion 1908 Albion vs. DePauw Albion DePauw No student is allowed to serve on more than one debat- YEAR BOOK 79 ing team during a college year, nor to serve on a debating team and appear in the State Oratorical Contest during the same year. Students representing the college on a debating team or in a State Oratorical Contest are not permitted to carry more than fifteen, nor less than ten hours ' work during the semester in which preparation for the debate or contest is made. ALBION COLLEGE CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC. The aim of the Albion College Conservatory of Music is to give to its students not only thorough and systematic technical training in the various musical branches, but that higher and broader culture in Christian ethics, both of which are the necessary equipment of those entering upon a pro- fessional career, either as Solo artists, or Teachers. The curriculum of the Conservatory is so planned that all students pursuing its regular courses with a view of be- coming either Solo artists or Teachers may take those theo- retical studies having the greatest practical bearing upon their chosen branch. LOCATION AND EQUIPMENT. The Conservatory is located in the South or Chapel Building of Albion College. The entire building is devoted to the Conservatory. The rooms for recitations are large, well lighted, well ventilated and well heated. On the second floor is a fine recital hall, with a seating capacity for six hun- dred people. The equipment of this hall includes a large two manual Hook and Hastings pipe organ and concert Grand piano, and a spacious stage which gives every advantage for orchestral and choral concerts, as well as recitals for faculty and students. 80 ALBION COLLEGE YOICE CULTUBE AND THE ART OF SINGING. OUTLINE OF COURSE. The course in Voice Culture covers from three to four years and embraces the following important points in the art of singing: Correct breathing; Natural and easy produc- tion of tone; Proper placing of the voice; Development and combination of the different registers; Perfect enunciation; Legato and sustained singing ; Solfeggio ; English literature ; Pianoforte; Technique; Accompanying and Transposition; Theory; Harmony and Musical History; Style and Interpre- tation; English, Italian, French and German Songs and Arias ; The Oratorio ; Concert Repertoire. PIANOFORTE. OUTLINE OF COURSE The Pianoforte course is designed to fit the student for a career as solo artist or teacher, and is thorough and systematic in every detail. The theoretical studies required are: Solfeggio, Musical Theory, Harmony and Analysis, Musical History, Counterpoint, Lectures on Orchestral Instruments. Finger Exercises and Scales, Sonatinas, Studies and Pieces by Kulau, Kullak and ' Clementi. All forms of technical exercises, Scales, Arpeggios, Double Thirds, Octaves, Studies by Czerny, Cramer, Clementi. Pices by Mojzart, Haydn, Bach, Schumann, Beethoven, etc. Sight and Ensemble Playing, Memorization. In order that students may acquire breadth and versatility in Pianoforte Study they will be required dur- ing the course to develope a comprehensive repertoire YEARBOOK 81 from the works of the folowing authors: Bach, Handel, Scarletti, Mozart, Haydn, Clementi, Beethoven, Schubert, Weber, Schumann, Mendelssohn, Chopin, Liszt, Brahms, Greig, Tschaikowsky and other modern composers. PEDAL 0RGA1V. OUTLINE OF COURSE The requirements for admission to the Organ course are : The completion of the first two years of the Piano- forte course, or its equivalent. The required theoretical studies are: Solfeggio and Dictation, Musical Theory, Harmony and Analysis, Musical History, Counterpoint, Lectures on Orchestral Instruments, Choir Training and Accompanying. ....Study of Manual Touch, Pedal Playing, Study of Elementary Registration, Compositions for Church Service and Concert Performance, Improvisation, Practical Service Playing, Concertos and Organ Compositions of the various schools, Score-reading, Art of Conducting. YI0LI1V. OUTLINE OF COURSE. Violin Methods by De Beriot, Schradieck and Listemann. Studies by Kayser, Kreutzer and others. Solos, Dancla Florillo, Ernst and Leonard. Sonatas, Fantaisies and Con- certos by Bach, Handel, Spohr, Mendelssohn, Vieuztemps, Saint Saens and Wieniawski. The course in Violin and other Orchestral Instruments 82 ALBION COLLEGE is divided into seven grades, and requires from three to four years for its completion. PUBLIC SCHOOL MUSIC. There is no work to which skillful, ambitious teachers can give themselves, which is fraught with such infinite possibilities as work in our Public Schools, since in this delightful environment and at this inspirational period in child life is found the atmosphere in which artistic instincts are stirred, poetic genius fired and the sensitive musical na- ture aroused and developed. OUTLINE OF COURSE. Recreation and Rote Songs : Their value, how to teach them; problems of melody, rhythm and tonality — presented and worked out through attractive melodic forms versus the so-called Dry Technical Exercise. LECTURES AND DISCUSSIONS ON THE FOLLOW ING TOPICS. Psychology of Child Development; Practical Pedagogy; Care of the Child Voice ; Range of the Child Voice ; Chang- ing of Voice ; Qualifications of the Supervisor ; His relation to Superintendent, Principals and Teachers. The Choral Club : Its place in the music life of the Public School; how to organize and conduct it. Beautiful inspirational music for supplemental study. Art of Teaching. Art of Conducting. All pupils pursuing this course will be required to at- tend the lectures in Musical History. Certificates will be granted to students completing the course. YEAR BOOK 83 ADVANTAGES OF STUDY IN A CONSERVATORY, There is undoubtedly a great advantage in college over private instruction. The number of musicians working to- gether without any other matters to take their attention, the number of students working industriously and earnestly to- gether, intent upon attaining the highest proficiency, the ex- change of ideas, the concerts, recitals, lectures, etc., all create a musical atmosphere which stimulates the student to the highest effort. FREE PRIVILEGES. In Albion Conservatory the students have the advantage of appearing in recital work. The Philharmonic Club con- nected with the Conservatory is free to all students. There is also an orchestra connected with the College, to which all students who are sufficiently advanced are eligible. L Weekly rehearsals are held of both chorus and orchestra The experience and drill under so eminent a conductor as Mr. Cozine are of the greatest value, especially to those pre- paring for professional work. Musical history free to students taking the full work in the Conservatory. The Library, which contains 18,000 volumes and all leading periodicals of the day, is free to the students in the Conservatory. There is a well equipped gymnasium with general instruc- tion by competent teachers throughout the year, which is free to the students of the Conservatory. TEACHERS COURSE. A special normal course has been arranged for students desiring to obtain a Teacher ' s Diploma in pianoforte, voice and other departments. This diploma ranks the same in merit as that of the Artists ' course, and involves the same 84 ALBION COLLEGE training during the first years of study. The last year of the Teachers ' course, the student directs his atention mainly to- ward acquiring the best methods of imparting musical know- ledge. In order to make the instruction thoroughly practical, pupils of various grades are utilized, thus affording the nor- mal students the advantage of doing actual teaching under the supervision of an experienced master. The normal training involved in preparing for gradua- tion necessitates at least one year ' s attendance at the Conser- vatory. Beginning with the present year, the following new courses will be introduced: First, a Musical Literary Course, cover- ing at least two years in the Conservatory, and two years in the College of Liberal Arts, and will be open only to high school gradu ates. Students pursuing this course, may substi- tute work in the College of Liberal Arts for the second year of Musical Theory. — Second, a Musical Director ' s, and Church Music Course. — The literary theoretical and requirements in this, are the same as in the above course. Students taking this course, will be required to take at least one year in the Art of Conducting, during which time they will be given practical ex- perience in ocassionally conducting the rehearsals of the Band, the Saint Cecilia Club, and the Philharmonic Society, under the supervision of the Director of the Conservatory. POST-GRADUATE COURSE. A Post-graduate course has been arranged for graduates who desire to reach a higher standard of excellence. The technical, intellectual and artistic requirements are consid- rably greater than those for graduation. A prominent object in this course is to provide the student artist with a varied repertorie suited to his musical individuality and to his needs as a public performer. DIPLOMAS. Diplomas are awarded to candidates passing the final ex- YEAR BOOK 85 amination in any of the following departments, namely, piano- forte, voice, pipe organ, musical theory, violin, violoncello and orchestral instruments. Candidates for graduation should present their petitions to the Conservatory faculty for consideration at least one year before commencement. SCHOOL OF PAINTING. The primary object of this department is to arouse in the pupil a sense of the beautiful, and when that sense has been called forth, to enable him to adequately express it by means of some artistic production. A further object is to conduct the pupil with thoroughness from the simplest rudiments up to a knowledge of the higher branches of art, giving, as far as pos sible, a perfect understanding of all the work entered upon. It will be seen by reference to the Course of Study in Painting, that the student receives instruction in the ele- mentary courses of drawing. These can be taken in the class with others who are in this and the Literary departments. Then, special and individual attention is given to the study of ohiect drawing, drawing from casts, perspective, landscape, tel; and to decorative painting and design. The Art department connected with the College adds much to the needed practical side of education. Professor Thompson, of the Worcester Technical Schools, tells us that a boy who spends two hours a week in drawing, and the rest of the time in working at the bench, learns his business faster, and becomes more skilful in it, than one who works all the time. Again, It is calculated that the pro- ductive efficiency of every machine shop would be increased thir,ty-three per cent, if every journeyman could read any common working drawing and work by it. But it is well known that art study, besides having tangi- ble value in its relation to manufacture, is designed to pro- mote improvement in taste. The highest and best purpose of any attainment is that which ministers to the intellectual and spiritual wants of man. A work of art is the harmonious and beautiful arrange- ment of certain lines, spaces and colors. In order that the in- YEAR BOOK 87 genuity and originality of the student, as well as his appre- ciation of the beautiful, may be fostered, he is required to study composition which deals entirely with such arrange- ments. The sketch class works out of doors in the Fall and Spring, and during the Winter, a life sketch class is con- ducted. Landscape study from nature is much more easily and agreeably accomplished here at Albion than in the large cities, as the College buildings are located near the open country, and many beautiful scenes are found along the Kala- mazoo River, not a quarter of a mile from the studio. As far as possible, the instruction in this department is individual, thereby insuring to each pupil a greater amount of attention than could be given in class work. Students or pupils outside the College may enter at any time during the year by making special arrangements with the head of the department. METHOD AND SCOPE OF WORK. Fifteen hours per week. Course I. — Beginning with outline drawing in charcoal from simple objects. Course II. — Drawing in charcoal from simple casts, cubes, spheres, etc., with instruction in perspective. Course III. — Outlining and shading from casts of di f- ferent parts of the human figure, and perspective talks. Course IV. — Drawing from still life and simple casts, in charcoal. Course V. — Head and figure antique cast work. Course VI. — Full length antique figure work. Still life color work. Course VII. — Antique work. Charcoal work from na- ture. l Course VIII. — Color and black and white work from? nature. 88 ALBION COLLEGE Course IX. — Color work from nature, and black and white work from living models. Course X. — Color work from living models. Composition is absolutely required. Illustration will be given to five or more pupils. Theory of Art. — Comparative Aesthetics with lectures on color, composition, tone values and the different media em- ployed in painting. NORMAL COURSE. In connection with the Art department Miss Woolsey has established a course of normal training for teachers, which will include the drawing taught in the public schools. She has had experience as supervisor of drawing in the Saginaw West Side Schools for fifteen years, having seventy to eighty teachers under her supervision. This department is organized for teachers who wish to make a thorough study of color, form and drawing, also blackboard illustrating. THE SCHOOL OF BUSINESS. Is located in pleasant and well equipped rooms occupying the first floor in the North College building. The object of this department is twofold: — 1. It gives to all who may wish to engage in business pursuits an opportunity to fit themselves in the most practical manner possible. 2. It affords an opportunity to all students at their option to take some work in the Commercial or Shorthand courses as a part of any literary course, and receive some credit for the same. Any one with good moral character and sufficient ability to pursue the prescribed studies can enter at any time and pursue any study he desires. The instruction in bookkeep- ing, penmanship, shorthand, typewriting, etc., is largely in- dividual, and so may be taken up with profit at any time. COURSES OF STUDY OUTLINED. BUSINESS COURSE. FIRST SEMESTER. SECOND SEMESTER. Bookkeeping and Business Bookkeeping and Business Practice. Practice. Rapid Calculations. Rapid Calculations. Penmanship. Penmanship. Commercial Arithmetic. Commercial Arithmetic. Correspondence. Correspondence. Commercial Law. Spelling. Spelling. 90 ALBION COLLEGE SHORTHAND COURSE. SECOND SEMESTER. Shorthand. Shorthand Dictation. Typewriting. Spelling. Penmanship. FIRST SEMESTER. Shorthand. Typewriting. Spelling. Penmanship. Rapid Calculations. Business Correspondence and Business Correspondence and Punctuation. Punctuation. ■ Reporting . Either of the above courses may be completed in twenty- four weeks. BUSINESS-SHORTHAND COURSE. FIRST SEMESTER. Bookkeeping. Shorthand. Typewriting. Penmanship. Correspondence. Spelling. Rapid Calculations. SECOND SEMESTER. Bookkeeping and Business Practice. Shorthand. Typewriting. Penmanship. Spelling and Punctuation. BUSINESS MAN ' S COLLEGE COURSE. Owing to the increasing demand in the business world for college-trained young men, the faculty of Albion college has instituted a three years ' course, leading to the degree of Bachelor of Commercial Science. It is generally conceded that if all business men were thoroughly trained in the un- derlying principles involved in commercial activities, those YEARBOOK 91 who find it necessary to go into bankruptcy would be com- paratively few. COMMERCIAL TEACHERS. There is a large field in high schools, colleges and busi- ness schools for well-equipped commercial teachers. Such teachers readily find remunerative positions. This course is designed also as a preparation for commercial teaching. REQUIREMENTS FOR ADMISSION.  I The requirements for admission are practically the same as for the College of Liberal Arts, viz., the equivalent of the work required in high schools which prepare for college. Before selecting the subjects for this course, applicants are requested to consult the principal. Below is given a tabulated outline of the course. TABULATED COURSES OF STUDY IN THE BUSI- NESS MAN ' S COLLEGE COURSE. FIRST YEAR. FIRST SEMESTER. SECOND SEMESTER. HRS. HRS. English 3 English 3 German or French • 4 German or French 4 Theory of Accounts 4 Theory and Practice of Applied Arithmetic 3 Accounts 4 Business Correspondence . . 1 Applied Arithmetic 3 Business Correspondence . 1 SECOND YEAR. German or French 4 German or French 4 Advanced Accounting 4 Money, Banking and 92 ALBION COLLEGE Economics 4 Transportation £ Commercial Geography ... 3 (Elective from subjects below). Business Administration . . 2 THIRD YEAR. German or French 4 German or French 4 Commercial Law 4 (Elective from subjects (Elective from subjects below). below). (Elective from subjects (Elective from subjects below). below). (Elective from subjects below). THE FOLLOWING SUBJECTS ARE ELECTIVE. Trigonometry 4 Algebra 4 Physics 4 Chemistry 5 Political Science 3 Normal Training 2 Stenography (Graham) ... 4 Typewriting 2 Ninety hours ' credits are required for graduation. Enough elective subjects are to be selected to make fifteen hours a semester. Students desiring trigonometry and algebra should take these subjects the first year, and theory of ac- counts the second year. THEORY OF ACCOUNTS. This course begins with the fundamental principles of accounting. Books applicable to various kinds of business are explained and illustrated. The student takes charge of several sets of books, learns how to open and close both sin- gle and double entry sets, and is taught something about planning special labor-saving books. THEORY AND PRACTICE OF ACCOUNTS. The theory w r ork of first semester is continued. More YEAR BOOK 93 complicated sets are introduced illustrative of the following business. Wholesale, Retail, Commission, Manufacturing by Joint Stock Companies and Banking. The year ' s work ends with Actual Business Practice. BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION. This course is designed to give such training in business operations as will fit young men for all-around usefulness, develop their business tendencies, and prepare them to pur- sue business with foresight and understanding. APPLIED ARITHMETIC. The object of this course is to enable the student to ob- tain not merely a correct theoretical knowledge of the sub- ject, but to make a practical application of arithmetic to the varius branches of commerce. BUSINESS CORRESPONDENCE. To conduct successfully the correspondence of a business concern requires study and experience. Special attention is given to a terse, forceful style of expression. COMMERCIAL LAW. The law of contracts, commercial paper, agency, partner- ship, corporations, sales, public service companies, and insur- ance, with reference to the legal rights and liabilities arising in the conduct of business. ACTUAL BUSINESS. Every student taking a course with us has a thorough practice in actual business training. The plan we adopt in- sures a complete drill in office training, and is conceded to be the best system ever adopted. It is as nearly like real bus- ness as any method possible. It is real business, with real individuals. This scheme works admirably. It fascinates 94 ALBION COLLEGE the student from the beginning, holds his closest attention and calls out his best efforts. It teaches him the customs, forms, correspondence and practice of business as can be done in no other way. All buying and selling is done upon the markets, a daily report of which is on file where all can consult it. Every business form, such as notes, drafts, checks, invoices, receipts, bills of lading, account sales, state- ments, etc., and every variety of business letters are called into use, receive the same prompt and careful attention that is required in actual business. In order to carry on this work, our school is provided with BANKING, COMMISSION, TRANSPORTATION AND WHOLESALING facilities. In this department the student is given work to do and is advanced from time to time until he has filled the various positions in each. The subordinate positions vacated by him as he is advanced are recruited from the theory class. To carry on this work successfully, we have our office de- partment provided with large office books, necessary blanks, letter-press, etc. The work in the various offices the student finds exceedingly interesting and profitable to him. The re- sponsible positions in which he is placed from time to time in each, teach him the many responsibilities falling upon those who are engaged in positions in real business. SHORTHAND DEPARTMENT. The demand by business concerns, literary men and women, etc., for young men and women to act as stenog- raphers and typewriters, is constantly increasing. We teach both of these branches most thoroughly in our business de- partment. We use the Graham System of Shorthand because our investigation leads us to the conclusion that the Graham Shorthand is the best system in use. The main reasons are YEAR BOOK 95 these: (1) It is the oldest system in this country. (2) It is the briefest system. (3) It is in more general use than any other system. Thirty-four of the thirty-seven official stenog- raphers in this State are Graham writers. Four-fifths of the persons who apply to us for stenog- raphers and typewriters desire some one who is a good, plain writer and can assist as bookkeeper and in other office work. Hence it is greatly to one ' s advantage to pursue the study of shorthand and typewriting in a school where thorough instruc- tion in bookkeeping, business forms, penmanship and office methods may be received at the same time. Business men and others desiring the services of stenographers demand that they have a thorough knowledge of the English branches. We have excellent facilities for giving thorough instruction, to those who need it, in all of these branches without extra charge to the student. I SPEED CLASS. Our classification is such that persons who have mastered the principles of shorthand, through self-study, or who are writers of kindred systems can be placed in such classes as will meet their needs and insure their advancement. We will admit into our Speed Class students of Pitman, Munson, Longley, Haven, and other varieties of shorthand and give them valuable aid without requiring them to change their style of writing. TYPEWRITING. Special care and attention are given to the students in this work under the direction of an expert operator. Each student is assigned a definite amount of work until a certain proficiency is reached with ability to handle and rapidly exe- cute the various requirements of office work. He is also thor- oughly instructed in the proper use and care of the machine. We use only standard machines in our school ; Remington, 96 ALBION COLLEGE Fox and Smith- Premier have the preference. We teach the latest method — the Touch System. The work in Grammar, Correspondence and spelling is the same as outlined in the regular Commercial Course. DIPLOMA AND POSITION. Upon the satisfactory completion of the prescribed Busi- ness or Shorthand course, the student is granted a diploma. We do not guarantee positions to our graduates, but we always take pleasure in recommending or aiding a worthy student, who is well qualified, in every effort to secure a sit- uation. There is an increasing demand for amanuenses and bookkeepers who are willing to work, and one who thor- oughly prepares himself is sure of obtaining profitable em- ployment ; in fact, we stand ready to assist such to a position. We have, during the past year, assisted many of our stu- dents to positions, and could have located many more had we possessed the proper material. SPECIAL ADVANTAGES. This school being one of the departments of Albion Col- lege, it possesses several advantages not found elsewhere. The benefits to be derived from attending the College literary societies are inestimable. Some of the best musicians and most eminent lecturers may be heard here each term. The College Library, containing sixteen thousand volumnes, may be used by all students. A fully equipped gymnasium, open and free to all students. For rates of tuition, see table of expenses. BOOKS AND STATIONARY. The books and stationery required for the Commercial course cost about $8 to $10. For the Shorthand and Type- writing, about $4 to $6. The Penmanship course will require YEAR BOOK 97 only a few quires of good paper, pens and ink, that will cost but a small sum. We request all persons who contemplate entering a school of this kind to call on us, inspect the workings of the school, or write us before entering any similar institution. Address William R. Pitkin, Principal, Albion, Mich. DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION. This department today is considered a most necessary one in all colleges. It is known that gymnastic training can be so wisely prosecuted that the strength of physical man- hood may grow with as much certainty and regularity as the intellect develops under systematic and vigorous study. Col- lege students, leading a sedentary life, as they necessarily do, find great value in such exercises as are practiced in a well- ordered gymnasium. General instruction in the Gymnasium is given through- out the year. Enduring strength, activity and grace are the essentials striven for, and these, not through feats replete with danger and calling for sustained and arduous work, but rather through exercises that are safe and beneficial to the participant. The director will be pleased to give physical ex- amination to any desiring them, also to give personal in- struction to individuals at any time. Special attention is given to all branches of outdoor sports. It is well known that the terms gymnastics and athletics are not synonymous. The latter is often carried to an extreme that is decidedly harmful ; but under the super- vision of our director we are sure that outdoor sports can be so conducted as to promote health while they contribute to college spirit. The whole athletic life of the College is under the supervision of a faculty committee, which, work- ing with the student management, compels a high standard of class work and makes every effort to reach the highest ideals of morality and purity in all branches of athletics. Through the generous gift of Mr. John Winter and Dr. Oliver H. Lau, of Detroit, supplemented by the gifts of stu- dents and friends, a large Athletic Field of twelve acres ad- jacent to the northern branch of the Kalamazoo River, with- YEAR BOOK 99 in two blocks of the Gymnasium, has been purchased. The field provides excellent opportunities for all athletic sports. No student is allowed to represent the College in any inter-collegiate athletic event who is not carrying at least ten hours of work and doing all his work to the satisfaction of his instructors. WOMEN ' S DEPARTMENT. Two years are required of all literary students before graduation. All students taking this work are required to wear the regulation suit and to attend class regularly. This suit, cost- ing about $5, includes all the expenses demanded by the prac- tical work. (Students will find it less expensive and more desirable to secure suits after reaching here.) Each student on entering the gymnasium is given a phys- ical examination that the director may ascertain what are the especial needs and deficiencies of each student, and all care is taken to insure benefit from the exercises and prevnt all pos- sibl injuries. The work is carefully graded and progressive, so that no undue strain shall be put upon those who are phys- ically unfit to take the heaviest work. However, if a stu- dent is not able to take any part of the work, she may, on consulting with the director, be excused during the period of disability. PHYSICAL TRAINING I. The work of the first year is entirely developmental and corrective. The Swedish system is used as a basis, and pre- cision and exactness are demanded. Course A. — All students are required to begin with 100 ALBION COLLEGE Course A. It includes light Swedish gymnastics, gymnastic games and lectures on gymnastics and general hygiene. Course B presupposes Course A. Dumb-bell exercises, marching and basket-ball are taken up ; also one lecture a week is given on the anatomy and mechanics of bodily move- ment. PHYSICAL TRAINING II. This includes the work of the second year. The exer- cises are more highly co-ordinated than that of Physical Training I. Exercises are used which will give a more com- plete mastery and control over the bodily movements. Course A. — Advanced work in Swedish gymnastics is given, also fancy steps and games. Course B. — This includes work with Indian clubs, bound- ing balls and the long poles. YEAR BOOK 101 EXPENSES. Matriculation fee, paid but once $5.00 Incidental fee per semester 15.00 Graduation fee, Literary Department 10.00 Graduation fee, Conservatory or Art 6.00 Graduation fee, Business . . . . ' 3.00 FOR MASTER ' S DEGREE. Enrollment fee $10.00 Examination fees Major 15.00 Examination fees Minor, each 5.00 Diploma fee 10.00 NORMAL COURSE. Tuition for the course, if paid in advance $6.00 If paid as work is taken — for whole course 8.00 CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC. Piano, Organ and Voice. The tuition fees are as follows for each Semester: — Mr. Cozine. — Two lessons per week (thirty minutes) $45.00 One lesson per week (thirty minutes) 25.00 Mr. Columbus. — Two lessons per week (thirty minutes) $45.00 One lesson per week (thirty minutes) 25.00 Other Instructors. — Two lessons per week (thirty minutes) $38.00 One lesson per week (thirty minutes) 20.00 ORCHESTRAL AND BAND INSTRUMENTS. Two lessons per week (thirty minutes) $36.00 One lesson per week (thirty minutes) 19.00 102 ALBION COLLEGE PUBLIC SCHOOL MUSIC Harmony and Counterpoint. Two lessons per week, in Class $10.00 Organ rent, one hour daily, with power 15.00 An incidental fee of fifty cents per semester will be charged all Conservatory students to defray the expenses of Artists ' Recitals. Philharmonic Society, Saint Cecilia Club and J- Instruction Free College Band SCHOOL OF PAINTING. Incidentals, per semester $5.00 Instruction three hours daily, per semester 30.00 Instruction two hours daily, per semester 23.00 Instruction one hour daily, per semester 15.00 SCHOOL OF BUSINESS. Business Course, per semester $28.00 Shorthand course, per semester 28.00 Business-Shorthand Course, per semester 38.00 Besides the regular courses there will be classes to ac- commodate those from other departments who wish to take special work as follows : — Bookkeeping and Business Practice, per semester $15.00 Bookkeeping, per semester, five hour a week 9.00 Bookkeeping, per semester, three hours per week 6.00 Penmanship, per semester, five hours per week 5.00 Penmanship, per semester, three hours a week 4.00 Commercial Arithmetic, per semester, five hours 6.00 Commercial Law, per semester, five hours a week 6.00 Typewriting, per semester, five hours a week 9.00 Shorthand, alone, per semester, five hours per week 15.00 Shorthand, alone, per semester, five hours a week (for college students) 9.00 Graduation fee, one course 3.00 Graduation fee, two courses 5.00 GENERAL STATEMENTS. No part of incidentals or tuition in any depa rtment is refunded when student leaves before the end of the semester, unless by special arrangement. Payment of incidentals entitles the student to the use of the Gymnasium and instruction in gymnastics, use of bath,, etc., without additional charge. The following points are worth noting: — 1. Some students find opportunities for manual labor by which they defray expenses of board in part or in full. 2. Very largely students form boarding clubs, in connec- tion with which the cost is about $2.35 a week. These clubs are managed on a principle to secure excellent board at some- thing below usual rates. 3. Board costs in private families usually about two dol- lars and fifty cents a week, in some places less than this. Rooms are provided at fifty to seventy-five cents a week. THE EMPLOYMENT BUREAU. For several years a systematized effort has been made to provide work for students desiring it. Through the kindly co-operation of people in the city, employment has been given to a considerable number of students. All students desiring employment should register or correspond with the committee as early as possible. There are no fees charged by the bureau. The members of the committee are Professors Frederic S. Goodrich, Delos Fall and Mrs. Helen K. Scripps. 104 ALBION COLLEGE APPOINTMENT COMMITTEE. The faculty undertakes to serve our students and espec- ially members of the graduating class in the matter of secur- ing suitable positions. To this end an appointment committee has been designated and this committee will endeavor to as- certain the existence of vacancies and to bring together school officers in search of suitable teachers and candidates whom the committee can recommend as qualified to fill the given positions. The chairman of the committee is Professor Delos Fall. CLOSING EXAMINATIONS. 1. Except by special arrangement approved by vote of the faculty, all students must be present at examinations and the closing recitations of the semester, or no credit will be .given for the work pursued. 2. Students absenting themselves from the closing or examination work will not, unless such absence was caused iby sickness or other unavoidable conditions, be allowed to take the omitted examinations until they occur in regular order with the next class. 3. All conditions or incompletes must be removed within a year from the date of the examination in order to obtain credit without again taking the work in class. ATTENDANCE. 1. Persons coming to Albion for the purpose of entering any department of the College are subject to its government YEAR BOOK 105 from the time of their arrival; and whenever a student has entered College, he is under its jurisdiction until his con- nection is formally closed by graduation or otherwise. 2. Uninterrupted attendance upon College duties during term time is required. Under ordinary circumstances visiting home or friends is discouraged. 3. No student is permitted to leave town without per- mission of the President or Dean. CHAPEL SERVICE. On each school day, religious services are held in the College Chapel, which all students are required to attend. Disregard of this regulation works forfeiture of membership in the institution. Aside from the benefits to be derived from these devotional services, the students have an opportunity each day to meet the President and Faculty for guidance in their work. The unity of movement and the largest efiicency in the prosecution of their studies cannot be secured without the daily convening of all the students. CHURCH ATTENDANCE. On Sunday morning, students are required to attend public worship at such church as they or their parents or guardians may select, and each student is expected to be uni- form in his attendance at the church of his choice. On Thurs- day evening is held the general weekly prayer-meeting, which, though a voluntary service, is attended by a majority of the students. 106 ALBION COLLEGE SOCIETIES. No literary or other society can exist in connection with the institution, unless by permission granted after the consti- tution and by-laws of the same shall have been submitted to the Faculty for examination, and shall have received their approval. Whenever the workings of any society shall be deemed prejudicial to the interests of the institution, such society shall be dissolved. The times and places of the meetings of the societies will be subject to regulation by the Faculty; and all meetings, whether of secular societies or any other body of students, shall be open for the attendance of any member of the Faculty or of the Board of Trustees. No society in the College may invite any lecturer to ad- dress them in public until the name of the proposed lecturer -shall have been laid before the President, and he shall have given permission to extend the invitation. There are six literary societies connected with the Col- lege, the Eclectic and Atheniaedes Society, the Sorosis, the Athenaeum, the Zetalethian, the Forum and Pierian. These organizations are expected to do work up to the grade of College culture, — essays, orations, debates, literary criticism. There are also two largely attended literary societies in the Preparatory School open to all students not enrolled in the College proper. The literary societies have fitted up elegant apartments in which to hold their weekly meetings. ORATORIAL COMMITTEE. Each College Literary society elects a member to the Oratorical Committee. This organization, consisting of nine YEAR BOOK 107 members, is responsible for the College oratorical or debat- ing interests, and has in charge the annual Mock Congress and such other interests as concern the work of literary socie- ties. CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATIONS, I. — The Young Men ' s Christian Association was organ- ized several years ago, and is having a vigorous life. It offers a splendid opportunity for all young men in the College to secure religious instruction and Christian growth, and to do personal religious work. The Young Woman ' s Christian Association furnishes similar opportunities for young women. The associations have a large and well furnished room in Robinson Hall. II. — In addition to the Bible instruction given by the Faculty, six or eight courses are offered during the year in each association. In these classes over two hundred students are enrolled. Most prominent among these courses is Studies in the Life of Christ, under Professor Goodrich. Other courses offered are Studies in the Psalms, Phrophecies, Acts and the Gospels. Very helpful in the training of Christian workers are the Bible training classes in methods. III. — Careful attention is given to the study of missions. A mission class is maintained throughout the year, in which excellent courses in the History and Methods of Missions and in Missionary Biography are pursued. To supply the needs of these classes, each association sends from two to five students to the Lake Geneva Summer School for special train- ing. The Mission Band consists of volunteers, who propose to enter the foreign work. The social work of the associations is by no means a small feature. At the opening of the school year all trains 108 ALBION COLLEGE are met by committees from each association, and all possible assistance is given in securing rooms and board, enrolling, etc. The Association information bureau seeks to give all needed information to new students. The associations are strictly interdenominational, thoroughly and practically Christian, and genuinely helpful. CO-OPERATIVE ASSOCIATION. One of the greatest items of expense to a college student is books. He must read much and read thoroughly. In order to do this well he must not depend on borrowed books, but must have books of his own to which he may refer frequently. The Albion College Co-operative Association was organ- ized December, 1893, for the purpose of furnishing text-books and all other books to the students, Faculty and alumni at reduced rates. From the first, the association has had phenomenal suc- cess. It has reduced the price of books from ten to forty per cent, and at the same time has been put upon a firm, paying basis, as it has the hearty support of the student body. Dur- ing the short time it has been doing business it has sold nearly $25,000 worth of books, all of which have been sold directly to the students and members of the Faculty. There is a growing tendency on the part of the students to form libraries of standard books, and thus their work in the class room is greatly facilitated. Any book may be pro- cured through the association, whether it is kept in stock or not. We have at present five hundred members. Upon the payment of a fee of one dollar, any student or former student is entitled to life membership, with all the privileges attaching thereunto, including discount upon all books purchased. HONORS, CLASS OF 1907 Valedictorian. — Frank F. Fitchett. Salutatorian. — Emma C. Wesbrook. HONOR LIST. Each instructor is permitted to report to the Registrar an honor student out of every twenty, or major fraction thereof, pursuing a given subject. It is the duty of the Reg- istrar to receive these reports, reduce them to a common basis and furnish the President on Commencement Day with the names of the ten who stand highest on the list. During the college year of 1906-7 there were 74 students in the four col- lege classes who were reported for honors by the various instructors. The ten standing highest on the list were an- nounced on Commencement Day, 1907. Their names are given below, arranged in alphabetical order. Don Carlos Evans Howard City, Mich. Frank M. Field Mason, Mich. William James Hoover Albion, Mich. Charles A. Langworthy Alpena, Mich. Eathel A. Martin Albion, Mich. Louis C. Mathewson Mancelona, Mich. Arthur C. Millspaugh Augusta, Mich. Joel R. Moore Moscow, Mich. Charlotte M. Sheldon Climax, Mich. Carl V. Weller St. Johns, Mich. CANDIDATES FOR GRADUATION DEGREE OF A. B. Babcock, Gertrude May Bastian, Myrtle Benedict, Milton Cleland, Ethel Dean, Angeline Doty, Clifford E. Fall, Mark H. Hoover, William James Hopkins, Russell D. Jenkins, Mary Langworthy, Charles A. Latham, Rex K. Leeson, Clyde C. Martin, Eathel A. Meinke, Ella Miller, Cleora A. Millspaugh, Arthur C Moore, Joel R. Oakes, Jay Adams Pearce, Fredericka Richardson, Harry A. Rogers, Mabel L. Russell, Frederic A. Saunderson, Jason M. Squire, Howard Weller, Carl V. Wightman, E. Russell Zebell, Sophia CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC. PIANO. Abbott, Elizabeth Lee Kemp, M. Hazel Akin, E. Vera Newcomer, Daisie B. Greacen, Sue Mar j one Scott, Mrs. H. Louise Swaverly, Essie VOICE. Alexander, Bessie Olsen, Nettie Mae Rowley, E. Anna Shanley, Bessie Marie Wellington, Darken E. YEAR BOOK 111 ART DEPARTMENT. ART COURSE. Potter, Hattie Irene Wartman, Phebe NORMAL ART. Dunster, Eva Menge, Theresa Gillett, Beulah Potter, Hattie Irene Hudson, Blanche Richey, Florence SCHOOL OF BUSINESS. BUSINESS COURSE. Carroll, William E. Randall, Howard BUSINESS-SHORTHAND. Ahrens, Harold Anderson, Louis Bullock, Claude Cope, Harvey Finley, Thera Fountain, Howard Fox, George E. Athron, Maude Baughman, Rhea Brown, Arthur Cash, Leila Eipper, Louise Fuller, Clarence McClintock, Norma Goodwin, Fred V Lindsay, Cecil Mitchell, Maitland Rowe, Blanchard Symond, Charles Tirrill, Howard Varsey, George E. SHORTHAND. Mann, Ross J. Nagle, Marjorie Oberholtzer, Clarence Riehl, Adrienne Sams, Myrta Smith, Iva Tirrill, Nellie Turley, Frances CANDIDATES FOR STATE TEACHERS ' CERTIFICATES. Babcock, Gertrude May Bastian, Myrtle Dean, Angeline Fielder, Amanda A. 1 1 2 ALBION COLLEGE Jenkins, Mary Miller, Cleora A. Langworthy, Charles A. Millspaugh, Arthur C. Latham, Rex K. Moore, Joel R. Leeson, Clyde C. Rogers, Mabel L. Wightman, E. Russell COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS. SENIORS. Name, Residence Babcock, Gertrude May Albion Bastian, Myrtle Holly Benedict, Milton Jonesville Cleland, Ethel Frankfort, N. Y. Dean, Angeline Gilead Doty, Clifford E Grand Ledge Fall, Mark H Albion High, Robert H Clarks Hill, Ind. Hoover, William James Albion Hopkins, Russell D Detroit Jenkins, Mary Holland Keils, Otto Carl Mt. Clemens Knapp, Carl J Owosso Langworthy, Charles A Alpena Latham, Rex K Hanover Leeson, Clyde C Manchester Luce, Beulah East Tawas Martin, Eathel A Albion McLouth, Florence B Addison Meinke, Ella A Detroit Miller, Cleora A Albion Millspaugh, Arthur C Augusta Moore, Joel R Moscow Oakes, J. Adams East Tawas Pearce, Fredericka Battle Creek Richardson, Harry A South Lyon YEAR BOOK 113 Name. Residence. Rogers, Mabel L Lennon Russell, Frederic A Albion Saunderson, Jason M Calcutta, India Squire, Howard Flint Weller, Carl V St. Johns Wightman, E. Russell .Fennville Zebell, Sophia St. Joseph JUNIORS. Abbott, Ermo Albion Austin, Grace E Albion Bretz, Bina B Albion Carey, Elizabeth Albion Chadwick, Dale E Roxbury, O. Clan cy, Bernice Albion Cobb, Arthur E Marshall Cooke, Vera Cadillac Doty, Mark W Grand Ledge Drown, Lucretia Elko, Nev. Fall, Florence Albion Fiedler, Amanda Holt Field, Frank M. Mason Freeman, Clytus J Otsego Haag, Roy R Albion Hollinshead, Kenneth J Pt. Clinton, O. Huckle, Jennie Fairgrove Hudnutt, Arthur C Hanover Jillson, George F South Haven Large, Samuel W Albion Loomis, Howard South Haven Lutz, Gretchen Albion Moffett, Samuel B Flint Morse, Ernest W Cassopolis Parker, Myra Hanover Peterson, Stella M Saranac Ransom, Glenn D Quincy 1 14 ALBION COLLEGE Name, Residence Sanborn, Lettie C South Haven Sdunek, Ottelia New Hudson Sheldon, Charlotte M Climax Skidmore, Arthur G Fenton Smith, Lulu M Detroit Smoll, Perley A Jonesville Somers, John E Albion Sullivan, Floyd H Williamston Taylor, Roy H Marshall Thomas, James Jackson Thornton, Jesse E Sherwood Wade, Herbert V Albion Walker, Harry E Marengo Wesbrook, Arthur C Byron Center SOPHOMORES. Allman, Russell V Pt. Austin Baldwin, Mary B Detroit Ballamy, H. Adeline Bay City Barber, Floyd A Howard City Barr, Relis E Ludington Barry, Florence J Bennington Bechtel, Glen A Albion Billings, Lloyd C Grand Rapids Brown, Lillian M Augusta Bush, Charles R Bay City Carr, Addie A Howard City Challis, Bertha M Unionville Coates, Francis R Henderson Cole, Ray F .Albion Dew, Edith M Hanover Foster, Laurence F Albion French, Charles Wallace Grand Rapids Fritz, Lola Cass City Frost, Benjamin S Eckford Gildart, Ralph S Albion YEARBOOK 115 Name. Residence. Goodwin, Levi P Birmingham Grant, Lee Richmond Greene, Aldie R Albion Greene, Irving W Richmond Hill, Olah J Albion Hayes, Earl C DeLand, Ills. Howell, Clarence V Gagetown Jeffery, George A Kingston Kent, Frank Floyd Ortonville Lawrence, Francis J Cheboygan Luther, Edward T Lake Odessa Macdonald, Jean M Mason Masten, Bernice LaGrange, Ind. Mathewson, Louis C Mancelona McKale, James Fred Lansing Middleton, Howard C Mancelona Miller, Carrie Marshall Moore, Floyd W Moscow Mudge, Clarence T Albion Newcomer, Daisie Monroe Owen, Chester Vassar Patrick, E. Pearl Flint Pattinson, Jane Manistique Perrott, John C Pulaski Ramsdell, Donald Albion Ranger, Genevieve Battle Creek Ribeiro, Isolina Montevideo, S. A. Robinson, Gipsy Albion Rowley, E. Anna Albion Sackett, Robert J Eckford Saxton, Frank E Albion Saxton, Harry T Albion Seelye, M. Othello Bad Axe Smith, J. Clifford Albion Squire, Earl C Flint Starr, Floyd E Battle Creek 1 16 ALBION COLLEGE Name. Residence, Terrell, J. Ernest Albion Tonkin, Ethel A Caro Tyrrell, H. Irene Conneaut, O. Vandercook, Dell C Mason Weage, Lena E Coldwater Wightman, Ruby D Fennville Worthington, Howard Albion FRESHMEN. Adams, Merrill C Ispheming Austin, Raymond A Albion Ball, Bernice A Mason Ball, Bruce Mason Barber, Maude E Howard City Bartell, Flossie Albion Bean, Leona Albion Bechtel, Vera Albion Benson, William Ray Bay City Binns, Carl . . Addison Blanchard, G. Arthur Sand Lake Brown, Prentice St. Ignace Broxholm, John Albion Carlyon, Edward S Iron Mountain Carpenter, Ruby Pellston • Clancy, R. Paul Albion Clark, Barbara Williston, Vt. Clifford, Harry H Union City Coates, Belle Henderson Crankshaw, Daune W Mayville Crawford, Genevieve Eaton Rapids Cross, Harry G Troy Cross, Preston A Albion Davis, Mima Grass Lake Davis, Ward Niles Donigan, Horace F Millington Dysinger, Fred D Ionia YEAR BOOK 117 Name. Residence, England, Grace A Detroit Evans, Robert G Coldwater Fairweather, Lena A Caro Fisher, Rena Gertrude Fennville Fitch, Albert .Byron Center Fitch, Frank L Byron Center Fox, Lotta M Mayville Freeman, Otis W Otsego Funk, Will Athens Gabriel, Harris Byron Milford Center, O. Gibson, Roy E Allegan Gillett, Beulah Albion Griffin, Gladys C Albion Hale, Laurence L Shelby Harrison, Grace M Mt. Pleasant Hartt, George W Albion Hendricks, Emily B South Haven Hill, Chester Belding Hollinshead, Melvin A Pt Clinton, O. Howe, Stanley Hart Howell Huckle, Erie G Albion Hudson, Blanche E Augusta James, Leon C Christiansburg, Va. Johnston, Lucile South Haven Karr, Harrison M Durand Ketcham, Edith M South Haven Kimball, Leroy R Albion Kinney, Floyd S Ithaca Knickerbocker, Clifford R Albion Leeson, Emma E Manchester Mcintosh, Minnie Romeo McOmber, Hazel Niles McUmber, Zora Charlotte Miller, Charles Roland Albion Miller, Charles R Wyandotte Miller, Lyle H Athens 118 ALBION COLLEGE Name. Residence. Nelles, Claude Albion Newcomer, Edna E Monroe Ogden, Hazel A Augusta Ogden, Robert N Augusta Olson, Oscar T Paw Paw Owen, Edith G Orion Patterson, Vera C Albion Peabody, Clarence C Albion Pechtel, Herbert Carson City Peterson, Ralph L Marine City Pimlott, Francis W Detroit Pratt, Edward E Detroit Pratt, Harry S Detroit Randall, Howard Tekonsha Robinson, LeRoy T Michigan City, Ind. Saur, Bessie Detroit Sherk, Wendell Pt. Huron Smith, Cecil L Albion Smith, Clark H Harrisville Smith, Margaret S Marshall Spence, Jesse S Albion Steele, Lois C Pt. Huron Steuernol, Kazimir H West Branch Stout, Clifford . Adrian Strong, Harry E Battle Creek Swanson, John Sibley Taylor, Lefa Lawrence Thatcher, Margaret Capac Torrey, Edgar A Albion Towsley, Guy V Harbor Springs Tubbs, Edna Albion Tubbs, Glenna Albion Van Wagoner, Ethel Lansing Way, Hazel M Waldron Wellington, Darken Albion Whaley, Adda E Wheatley, Ont. YEAR BOOK 119 Name. Residence, Whaley, Anna E Wheatley, Ont. Woodson, Mary Elvira Michigan City, Ind. Worthington, Florine Hartford PREPARATORY AND UNCLASSIFIED. Abraham, Nathan Turkey, Asia Allen, George R Wallaceburg, Ont. Amos, Grover Henderson Aubill, George E Belding Bean, Warren Albion Behler,, Glen Lowell Boodah, Paul Persia Brewer, Chester Flint Buchanan, Ellsworth Howard City Carmen, Bernard Albion Carpenter, Warren Pellston Cobb, Mrs. Pearl Marshall Cohoe, Don A Capac Conat, Fred W r Detroit Cooley, Mabel L ..Charlotte Cross, Merrill F Troy Dennie, Grace Charlotte Desmond, Martha Albion Dowd, Harry Hartford Ellinger, Henry W Grand Rapids Ely, Clarence Highland Park Eymer, Roy P Turner Forsyth, Stanley G Detroit George, Lazar Kurdistan, Turkey Goodwin, Edith Coeur d ' Alene, Idaho Goodwin, Roy W Coeur d ' Alene, Idaho Gordon, Elbridge Daykin, Neb. Gordon, John C Hollenberg, Kans. Grant, Chase B Lawrence Griffith, Dean S Alamo Hartman, Ernest Hartford 120 ALBION COLLEGE Name. Residence. Henderson, Ralph B St. Johns Hiatt, Hugh Coldwater Hicks, George G Albion Jeff ery, Morey P Kingston Jeynes, Fred G Detroit Kelley, Mark R Albion Kersey, George Edy ' s Mills, Ont, Lampman, Fred C Lake City Lewis, Jane Jackson Mabrey, Clare Bronson Martin, Morris Albion Mathews, Harry B Alba McDonald, Lynn S Sycamore, O. McKenney, Hazel Byron Center Matteson, Roma Albion Miller, Lotta Irene Dryden Morrell, Fred E Detroit Morrow, Orville W Birmingham Oakes, Ora Pratt East Ta was Osborne, George R Albion Packard Ivan Marengo Pidgeon, Fred Wolverine Plumb, Leon Lawrence Potts, Edith M Strongville Pryor, Elmer C Mason Pugh, Edith J Albion Randall, Dana Tekonsha Randall, Eloise Albion Rutledge, Charles T Ishpeming Singleton, Lucile Nashville, Ten Smith, James Redford Smith, Ned R Albion Smith, Sherwood Albion Stevens, Nelia Perry Stillwell, William G Pellston Thomas Fred Ironwood Thomas, Mrs. James Jackson Treloar, Bennett Ironwood YEARBOOK 121 Name. Residence. Voightlander, Gertrude Detroit Walter, Seibert Brooks . .Gilead Weyand, Beatrice Chicago, Ills. Whear, William H Kearsarge Wheeler, Lennis H Charlotte Wheeler, Mabel Petoskey Winter, Oren B Caledonia Wright, Bernard Albion CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC PIANO. Abbott, Elizabeth L Albion Akin, Vera E Detroit Andress, Mildred Albion Ansterberg, Mary Mae Albion Atkins, Hazel Albion Babcock, Gertrude Albion Bartell, Flossie E Albion Beal, Helen Albion Blackman, Helen South Haven Bumpus, Eva Eaton Rapids Champlin, E. Merle Jackson Clark, Barbara Williston, Vt. Clark, Bessie Albion Coates, Belle Henderson Cummings, F. D Albion Davis, Lillian L Albion Dennie, Grace Charlotte Desmond, Martha M Albion Dimond, Caroline F Flint Dobson, Louise Freeport Drown, Lucretia J Elko, Nev. Evans, Robert G Coldwater Fairweather, Lena A Caro Fisher, Gertrude R Fennville Ford, Jessie Belle Concord Gale, Mrs. Edith South Haven Gillespie, Elizabeth Gaines 122 ALBION COLLEGE Name. Residence, Gillett, Alvin Albion Goodyear, Miss Albion Graham, Lula Mae Carsonville Greacen, Sue M Kalkaska Hopkins, Russell D Detroit Huckle, Elsie A St. Clair Iden, Genevieve L Bedford Kemp, Hazel M St. Clair Lea, Josephine Albion Lester, Grace Capac Luce, E. Beulah East Tawas McDonald, Maude Birmingham Marsh, Frances Albion Menge, Theresa M L ' Anse Newcomer, Daisie Monroe Nutt, Jeanette Harshman, O. Ogden, Hazel A Augusta Ogden, Robert N Augusta Olsen, Nettie Mae St. Joseph Pearce, Fredericka Battle Creek Potter, Hattie Irene Marcellus Pugh, Edith Albion Randall, Eloise C Albion Randall, Mabel Albion Richardson, Agnes Albion Scott, Mrs. Louise Galien Smith, R. Eva Galesburg Steele, Lois C Port Huron Taylor, Agnes J Caro Tubbs, Glenna G Albion Weyand, Beatrice Chicago, Ills. Whaley,, Adda Elsie Wheatley, Ont. Whaley, Anna Elsie Wheatley, Ont. White, Marguerite L Albion Wilder, Audrey Albion Wilson, Clara Grand Haven Woodfield, Madeline Jackson Zebell, Sophia St. Joseph YEARBOOK 123 ORGAN. Name. Residence. Evans, Robert G Coldwater Kemp, Hazel St. Clair Mathewson, Louis C Mancelona Nutt, Jeanette Harshman, O. Orrison, Mabel .Albion Pearsall, Mabel Birmingham Tyrrell, H. Irene Conneaut, O. Woodfield, Madeline Jackson HARMONY AND COUNTERPOINT. Abbott, Elizabeth L Albion Akin, Vera E Detroit Blackman, Elma South Haven Bumpus, Eva Eaton Rapids Dennie, Grace Charlotte Desmond, Martha Albion Dimond, Caroline F Flint Dobson, Louise Hartford Drown, Lucretia Elko, Nev. Dunster, Eva Albion Evans, Robert G Coldwater Fisher, Gertrude Fennville Fitch, Frank L Byron Center Fitch, Vera L Byron Center Gillespie, Elizabeth Gaines Graham, Lulu Mae Carsonville G reacen, Sue Kalkaska Hudson, Blanche E Augusta Huckle, Elsie A St. Clair Iden, Genevieve L Bedford Kemp, Hazel M St. Clair McDonald, Maude Birmingham Martin, Morris Albion Menge, Theresa L ' Anse Newcomer, Daisie Monroe Nutt, Jeanette Harshman, O. 124 ALBION COLLEGE Name, Residence. Ogden, Hazel A Augusta Olsen, Nettie Mae St. Joseph Randall, Eloise C Albion Randall, Mrs. William Jackson Scott, Mrs. Louise Galien Smith, R. Eva Galesburg Steele, Lois C Port Huron Stevens, Nelia Perry Tubbs, Glenna G Albion Tyrrell, H. Irene Conneaut, O. Wellington, Darleen Albion Wilson, Clara Grand Haven Woodfield, Madeline Jackson VOICE. Alexander, Bessie Battle Creek Allman, Russell V Pt. Austin Amos, Grover Henderson Anthony, Mabel Albion Baldwin, Mary Detroit Blackman, Elma South Haven Boaz, Adeline Battle Creek Clifford, Harry H Union City Coates, Francis A Henderson Collier, Ethel Albion Columbus, Gail Battle Creek Crawford, Genevieve Eaton Rapids Dixon, Margaret Albion Dunster, Eva Albion Durrin, Jessie M Albion Fairweather Lena A Caro Fall, Florence M Albion Fall, Mark H Albion Fitch, Frank L Byron Center Fitch, Vera L Byron Center Freeman, Clytus A Otsego Freeman, Otis W Otsego Gale, Mrs. Edith South Haven YEARBOOK 125 Name. Residence, Gillespie, Elizabeth Gaines Gillett, Alvin Albion Graham, Lula Mae Carsonville Griffiin, Gladys Albion Henderson, Mabel Albion Henderson, Ralph R St Johns Hollinshead, Melvin A Pt. Clinton, O. Huckle, Elsie A St. Clair Huckle, Isabel Albion Hudson, Blanche E Augusta Iden, Genevieve L Bedford McDonald, Maude Birmingham Menge, Theresa L ' Anse Morse, Ernest W Cassopolis Nagle, Marjorie G Albion Newcomer, Edna Monroe Oakes, Jay Adams East Tawas Oakes, Ora Pratt East Tawas Olsen, Nettie Mae St. Joseph Pearce, Fredericka Battle Creek Porthies, Elgie Eaton Rapids Randall, Mrs. William Jackson Richardson, Agnes Albion Richardson, Harry South Lyon Rowley, E. Anna Albion Scott, Mrs. Louise Galien Shaffer, Claribell Albion Shanley, Bessie Albion Sherk, Ella E Mayville Sherk, Wendell Port Huron Shields, Luvella Marlette Smith, R. Eva Galesburg Thornton, Jesse Sherwood Way, Hazel M Waldron Wellington, Darken Albion Wesbrook, Arthur Byron Center Whaley, Anna Wheatley, Ont. Wolcott, Ruth Albion 126 ALBION COLLEGE PUBLIC SCHOOL MUSIC. Name. Residence. Blackman, Elma South Haven Dunster, Eva Albion Gillespie, Elizabeth Gaines Huckle, Elsie A St Clair Hudson, Blanche E Augusta Kemp, M. Hazel St. Clair Menge, Theresa L ' Anse Newcomer, Daisie Monroe Potter, Hattie Irene Marcellus Robinson, Gipsy Albion Shields, Luvella Marlette Smith, R. Eva Galesburg VIOLIN. Billings, Lloyd C Grand Rapids Binns, Carl Addison Borner, June Albion Callahan E. Lulu Albion Cummings, Oscar Albion Cummings, Truman Albion Eggleston, Vivian lone Hillsdale Marple, Raymond Albion CORNET. Carroll, William E Mancelona Henderson, Ralph St. Johns Martin, Morris Albion GENERAL CLASS. Akin, Vera E Detroit Bumpus, Eva Eaton Rapids Coates, Francis A Henderson Dennie, Grace Charlotte Desmond, Martha Albion Dimond, Caroline F Flint Drown, Lucretia Elko, Nev. Durrin, Jessie M Albion Fall, Florence Albion YEAR BOOK 127 Name. Residence. Fisher, Gertrude Fennville Fitch, Frank L Byron Center Fitch, Vera L Byron Center Gillespie, Elizabeth Gaines Graham, Lula Mae Carsonville Greacen, Sue Kalkaska Griffin, Gladys Albion Henderson, Ralph R St. Johns Hicks, George G Albion Hollinshead, Melvin A Pt. Clinton, O. Hopkins, Russell D . Detroit Howell, Clarence V Gagetown Huckle, Elsie A St. Clair Huckle, Isabel Albion Hudson, Blanche E Augusta ' % Iden, Genevieve L Bedford Kemp, Hazel M St. Clair McDonald, Maude Birmingham Menge, Theresa L ' Anse Morse, Ernest W Cassopolis Nagle Marjorie Albion Newcomer, Daisie Monroe Oakes, Jay Adams East Tawas Oakes, Ora Pratt East Tawas Ogden, Hazel A Augusta Pearsall, Mabel Birmingham Potter, Hattie Irene Marcellus Randall, Eloise Albion Richardson, Agnes Albion Rowley, E. Anna Albion Shanley, Bessie Albion Sherk, Ella E Mayville Smith, R. Eva Galesburg Steele, Lois C Port Huron Stevens, Nelia Perry Swaverly, Essie Kalkaska Taylor, Agnes J Caro Tubbs, Glenna G Albion 128 ALBION COLLEGE Name. Residence, Way, Hazel M Waldron Weyand, Beatrice Chicago, Ills. Wellington, Darken Albion White Marguerite L Albion Woodfield, Madeline Jackson SCHOOL OF BUSINESS. GENERAL COURSE. Abraham, Nathan B Turkey, Asia Ahrens, Harold Oscoda Anderson, Louis Ironwood Ball, Bernice Mason Ball, Stella Homer Baughman, Rhea Albion Brewer, Chester Gaines Brown, Arthur Augusta Brown, Ada Albion Bullock, Claude Coldwater Carroll, William E Mancelona Cash, Leila Peck Cope, Harvey St. Clair Donigan, Horace F. . Millington Doty, Mark W Grand Ledge Finley, Thera Albion Flower, Arthur A Flat Rock Ford, Scott Concord Fountain, Howard Marshall Fox, George Athens Frost, Benjamin Eckford Fuller, Clarence Port Austin Funk, William Athens Goodwin, Fred V Birmingham Grose, Ernest Calumet Guile, Carl G Union City Hawks, Glenn Fulton YEAR BOOK 129 Name, Residence. Hendricks, Emily South Haven Hossack, Alvin Cedarville Kelley, Mark Albion Kent, Floyd Ortonville Lazar, George Turkey, Asia Linsday, Cecil Litchfield McClintock, Norma St. Ignace McConnell, Albert Albion Mann, Ross J Ortonville Main, Louis Union City Mathews, Harry Alba Nagle, Marjorie Albion Noakes, Stanley Albion Oberholtzer, Clarence Medina, O. Ramsdell, Donald Albion Randall, Howard Tekonsha Reihl, Adrienne Albion Rowe, Blanchard Ypsilanti Saunders, Hattie B Chelsea Scott, Forrest Parma Smith, Sherwood Albion Stone, Samuel J Baltic Strong, Bruce Homer Symons, Charles H Kearsarge Tirrill, Howard Charlotte Tomlinson, William Albion Turley, Frances LaGrange, Ind. Varsey, George Granville Wilder, Emery Lyons Wilson, Arthur Port Austin Winslow, Dale Parma Yokum, Charles Mayville SHORTHAND AND TYPEWRITING. Ahrens, Harold Oscoda Anderson, Louis Ironwood Athron, Maud LaGrange, Ind. Pall, Stella Homer 130 ALBION COLLEGE Name, Residence. Baughman, Rhea Albion Brown, Arthur , Augusta Bullock, Claude Coldwater Carroll, William E Mancelona Cash, Leila Peck Cope, Harvey St. Clair Eipper, Louise Marshall Finley, Thera Albion Fountain, Howard Marshall Fox, George Athens Funk, William Athens Goodwin, Fred V Birmingham Guile, Carl G Union City Fuller, Clarence Port Austin Hawks, Glenn Fulton Hesse, Bessie Napoleon Hossack, Alvin Cedarville Kent, Floyd Ortonville Lindsay, Cecil Litchfield McClintock, Norma St. Ignace McLane, Anna Albion Main, Louis Union City Mann, Ross Ortonville Matthews, Harry Alba Matthies, Blanche Albion Miller, Cleora Albion Mitchell, Maitland Homer Mitchell, Marjorie Marshall Nagle, Marjorie Albion Noakes, Ethel Albion Noakes, Stanley Albion Oberholtzer, Clarence Medina, O. Ramsdell, Donald Albion Randall, Howar d Tekonsha Riehl, Adrienne Albion Rowe, Blanchard Ypsilanti Russell, Fred Albion Sams, Myrta LaGrange, Ind YEAR BOOK 131 Name. Risedence. Saunders, Hattie Chelsea Scott, Forrest Parma Secord, Elizabeth Parma Sherk, Ella Mayville Smith, Iva Marshall Stone, Samuel J Baltic Symons, Charles Kearsarge Tirrill, Howard Charlotte Tirrill, Nellie Charlotte Tomlinson, William Albion Turley, Frances LaGrange, Ind. Varsey, George Granville Winslow, Dale Parma Yokom, Charles Mayville ART DEPARTMENT. PAINTING AND DRAWING. Benedict, Milton Jonesville Dunster, Eva Albion Gillett, Beulah Albion Griffin, Gladys Albion Hill, Olah J Albion Hollinshead, Kenneth Pt. Clinton, O. Huckle, Elsie St. Clair Hudson, Blanche E Augusta Hunger ford, Ethel Albion Kemp, Hazel M St. Clair King, Georgia Albion Menge, Theresa L ' Anse Potter, Hattie Irene Marcellus Richey, Florence Albion Singleton, Lucile Albion Smith, Cecil Albion Thatcher, Margaret Capac Wartman, Phebe Albion Whaley, Adda Wheatley, Ont SUMMARY OF STUDENTS. COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS. Seniors 33 Juniors 41 Sophomores 63 Freshmen 102 239 PREPARATORY AND UNCLASSIFIED. In the several courses 77 CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC Piano 65 Pipe Organ 8 Harmony 39 Voice 61 Public School Music 12 Violin 8 Cornet 3 General Class 52 248 SCHOOL OF PAINTING. In all classes 19 SCHOOL OF BUSINESS. General Course 59 Shorthand and Typewriting 55 55 Total students, none counted twice 460 The Recorder Press Co. Albion, Michigan w UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS-URBANA 3 0112111952336