Albion College - Albionian Yearbook (Albion, MI)

Text from Pages 1 - 140 of the 1906 volume:

THE LIBftARV OF THE ■m Vol. II Albion College Bulletin No. 3 ALBION COLLEGE YEAR BOOK 1906-1907 ' COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC . SCHOOL OF ART SCHOOL OF ORATORY NORMAL COURSE PREPARATORY DEPARTMENT COMMERCIAL DEPARTMENT Entered March 8, 1905, at Albion, Mich., as second- class matter, under Act of Congress of July 16, 1904. Published at least four times per year. All graduates and former students of Albion College are requesten to inform the President of the College of any change in address cf occupation, or of any event of especial interest to the institution or their former classmates. YEAR BOOK qf ALBION COLLEGE FOR 1906-1907 WITH ANNOUNCEMENTS FOR 1907 AND 1908 PUBLISHED BY ALBION COLLEGE ALBION, MICHIGAN . . NINETEEN HUNDRED SEVEN PUBLISHED BY ALBION COLLEGE T0BLE OF CONTENTS. Announcements . 4 The College Corporation and Endowment Fund Committee 5 Standing Committees and Visitors 6 Offiicers of Instruction and Government 7 History jj Location 10 Grounds aud Buildings 11 Character of the School 13 Library 14 Reading Room 14 Provisions for the Study of A s tronomy 14 Provisions for the Study of Biology 15 Provisions for the Study of Physics 16 Provisions for the Study of Chemistry 17 Conservatory of Music 19,83 School of Painting 19,88 Business Department 19,91 Preparatory School 19 Tabulated Courses of Study in Preparatory School 21 Statements in Regard to same 22 Requirements for Admission 29 Advanced Credit 36 College of Liberal Arts 38 Ancient Languages 39 Modern Languages 41 English , 45 Elocution and Oratory 49 History, Politics and Economics 49 Mathematics , 52 Astronomy 55 Physics 56 Chemistry 58 Biology 62 Geology 64 Philosophy 64 Photography 64 Pedagogy 65 The English Bible 67 Grouping of Elective Work 68 College Work Tabulated 70 Schedule of Recitations 73 Graduation 77 Degrees 77 Diplomas 78 Enrollment and Work of Class Officers 78 Prizes 79 Scholarships 80 Intercollegiate Debates 81 Honor List 109 Physical Education 98 Expenses 101 The Employment Bureau 104 Appointment Committee 104 Closing Examinations 105 Attendance 105 Chapel Service 106 Church Attendance 106 Societies 106 Oratorical Committee 108 Christian Associations 108 Co-operative Association 109 Candidates for Graduation Ill List of Students 114 Summary of Students 132 ANNOUNCEMENTS FOR 1907-1908 COMMENCEMENT WEEK, 1907. June 13 — Commencement Reminiscence Prayer Meeting. June 16 — Commencement Sunday. June 17 — Conservatory Concert, 8:00 p. m. June 18 — Class Day Exercises, 10:00 a. m. and 2:00 p. m. Meeting Board of Trustees, 2:00 p. m. Meeting Alumni Association, 2 :00 p. m. Open Air Concert, 7 :00 p. m. Alumni Address, 8 :00 p. m. June 19 — Commencement Day, 10:00 a. m. Address by Rev. W. F. Anderson, D. D., Secretary Board of Educa- tion Methodist Episcopal Church. Commencement Dinner, 12 :30 p. m. OPENING OF THE COLLEGE YEAR IN ALL DEPARTMENTS. FALL TERM, 1907. Sept. 17 — Examination of Candidates for Admission; Pre- sentation of Certificates from Approved Schools; Special Examinations, 9 :00 a. m. Sept. 18 — Enrollment Day — Commencing 9 :00 a. m. Sept. 19 — First Chapel Exercises, 9 :00 a. m. Dec. 17 — Meeting of the Board of Trustees, 2 :00 p. m. Dec. 20— Term closes at 12 :00 m. WINTER TERM, 1908. Jan. 7 — Entrance and Special Examinations, 9 :00 a. m. Enrollment Day, 9 :00 a. m. Jan. 8 — Recitations Begin — Chapel, 9:00 a. m. Jan. 30 — Day of Prayer for Colleges, followed by week of Special Services. Mar . 27— Term closes at 12 :00 m. SPRING TERM, 1908. Apr. 7 — Entrance and Special Examinations, 9 :00 a. m. Enrollment Day, 9:00 a. m. Apr. 8 — Recitations begin — Chapel, 9:00 a. m. June 24 — Commencement Day. THE COLLEGE CORPORATION PRESIDENT, CHARLES M. RANGER. VICE PRESIDENT, WILLIAM DAWE. SECOND VICE PRESIDENT, EDWIN N. PARSONS. TREASURER, EUGENE P. ROBERTSON. SECRETARY, SAMUEL DICKIE. TRUSTEES SAMUEL DICKIE, ex-officio. ELECTED BY DETROIT CONFERENCE. Rev. William Dawe, D. D Detroit 1907 James H. Simpson Detroit 1907 Albert Beebe Detroit 1908 Rev. C. W. Baldwin Detroit 1908 Hon. Frank P. Glazier Chelsea 1909 Rev. E. A. Elliott Saginaw 1909 ELECTED BY MICHIGAN CONFERENCE. Rev. John Graham, D. D Grand Rapids 1907 E. J. Phelps Kalamazoo 1907 Edwin N. Parsons Albion 1908 Rev. Thomas Cox Jackson 1908 David D. Erwin Muskegon 1909 Rev. D. D. Martin, D. D Albion 1909 ELECTED BY ALUMNI SOCIETY. Charles M. Ranger Battle Creek 1907 Rev. Eugene Allen Ypsilanti 1908 John G. Brown Albion 1909 ENDOWMENT FUND COMMITTEE. Samuel Dickie, Chairman and Treasurer Albion William H. Brace Detroit Hon. Clement Smith Hastings STANDING COMMITTEES. Executive and Auditing Committee — C. M. Ranger, William Dawe, E. N. Parsons, Samuel Dickie, D. D. Martin. Finance Committee — E. J. Phelps, J. H. Simpson, Frank P. Glazier, E. A. Elliott, D. D. Erwin. Committee on Faculty — C. W. Baldwin, Thomas Cox, Samuel Dickie, Eugene Allen, John Graham. Committee on Rules and Regulations — J. H. Simpson, John Brown, D. D. Erwin, E. A. Elliott, Frank P. Glazier. Committee on Library and Apparatus — John Graham, C. W. Baldwin, Eugene Allen, E. J. Phelps, Albert Beebe. Committee on Buildings and Grounds — E. N. Parsons, Samuel Dickie, D. D. Martin, Thomas Cox, John G. Brown. VISITORS AND EXAMINERS. APPOINTED BY DETROIT CONFERENCE. Rev. Ames Maywood Marquette Rev. Harvey G. Pearce Bay City APPOINTED BY MICHIGAN CONFERENCE. Rev. Arba Martin Petoskey Rev. M. L. Fox Muskegon OFFICERS OF INSTRUCTION AND GOVERNMENT SAMUEL DICKIE, M. S., LL. D., President. MRS. HELEN KNAPPEN-SCRIPPS, Ph. B., Dean of Women. FREDERICK LUTZ, A. M., Secretary. CHARLES ELISHA BARR, A. M., Registrar. FRANK WILBUR CHACE, Doctor of Music, Director of Conservatory. WILLIAM RICH PITKIN, Principal of Commercial Department. SAMUEL DICKIE, M. S., LL. D., John Owen Professor of Philosophy. DELOS FALL, Sc. D., David Preston Professor of Chem- istry. FREDERICK LUTZ, A. M., Professor of Modern Lan- guages and Literature. CHARLES ELISHA BARR, A. M., Professor of Geology and Biology. FREDERIC SAMUEL GOODRICH, A. M., Alumni Prof- essor of the English Bible, Acting Professor of Greek Language and Literature. MRS. HELEN KNAPPEN-SCRIPPS, Ph. B., Dean of Women, Instructor in English Literature. FREDERIC COE DEMOREST, A. M., D. D., Professor of Latin. CHARLES HENRY WOOLBERT, A. B., Professor of English and Oratory (W. Scott Brown Chair of Belles Lettres). FRANCIS WAYLAND HANAWALT, A. M., W. H. Brockway Professor of Mathematics, Acting Ezra Bost- wick Professor of Astronomy. CLARENCE WILSON GREENE, B. Pd., A. M., Professor of Physics. 8 ALBION COLLEGE FRANK TRACY CARLTON, A. M., Ph. D., Professor of Economics and Acting Henry M. Loud Professor of His- tory. JOHN ZEDLER, A. B., Instructor in German. FRANK W. DOUGLAS, A. B., Assistant in Chemistry. RALPH DAVID KEAN, A. B., Instructor in Mathematics. FRANK WILBUR CHACE, Doctor of Music, Director of Conservatory, Instructor in Pipe Organ, Piano, Voice and Theory of Music. HARRIET F. REYNOLDS, Teacher of Piano and Musical History. MRS. MARTHA REYNOLDS-COLBY, Teacher of Violin, Viola, Violoncello and Harmony. MRS. AURELIA EDWARDS CHACE, Teacher of Elemen- tary Harmony and Sight Reading. GRACE AUSTIN, Teacher of Piano. SARAH ESTELLA WOOLSEY, Instructor in Art. WILLIAM RICH PITKIN, Principal of Commercial De- partment. NANNIE LANDON, Teacher of Shorthand and Type- writing. WILLIAM D. CHADWICK, A. B., Instructor in English and Director of Physical Education for Men Students. EMMA J. PARMATER, Director of Physical Education for Women Students. ELEANOR T. AVANN, A. M., Instructor in Greek. ROSA BALL, B. S., Librarian. HISTORY In the year 1833, Rev. Henry Colclazer, Rev. Elijah H. Pilcher and Benjamin H. Packard, M. D., resolved to inau- gurate a movement for the establishment of an academy of higher learning in Michigan. Spring Arbor was chosen as a location, and in the spring of 1835 the Legislature granted a charter under the corporate name of Spring Arbor Seminary, locating the institution on the site of an old Indian village, in the town of Spring Arbor. In the spring of 1839 the charter was amended, lo- cating the school at Albion and reconstructing the Board of Trustees. In November of 1843, the first building was completed and opened for the reception of students. Rev. Charles F. Stock- well, A. M., a graduate of Middletown University, was ap- pointed principal. In 1849, charter was amended by the creation of a Female College, so that the corporate name became Wes- leyan Seminary and Female Collegiate Institute. The in- stitution was empowered to grant degrees to women only. In 1861, the original charter was still further amended, authorizing the institution to confer degrees on both men and women, the corporate name becoming Albion College. The management of the institution is vested in a Board of Trustees, consisting of sixteen persons, six elected by the Detroit Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church, six by the Michigan Conference, and three by the Society of Alumni. The President of the College is associated as a member ex-officio. A special board or committee, as custodian of the Endow- ment Fund, was created by act of the Legislature in 1865. LOCATION Albion is a thriving city of 6,000 inhabitants, situated in the central portion of the Lower Peninsula of Michigan. The postal, telegraph and telephone facilities are equal to those of the largest cities in the state. Albion is on the main line of the Michigan Central Railroad, 95 miles west of Detroit. The Lansing division of the Lake Shore Michigan Southern crosses the Michigan Central at this place, providing direct connection with the main line of the Lake Shore on the south, and at the north with the Grand Rapids division of the Michigan Central, the Pere Marquette, the Grand Trunk and other lines. The Jackson Battle Creek Electric line passes through Albion, giving us hourly communication with points east and west. GROUNDS AND BUILDINGS The college campus contains eighteen acres. The old Central Building, through the generosity of George O. Rob- inson, LL. D., of Detroit, has been thoroughly renovated and enlarged so that it is in every respect an up-to-date building and now bears the name Robinson Hall. The entire interior of the old building has been reconstructed and an addition four stories in height has been built on the east side of the old building. This addition is 45 by 60 feet and is devoted to the Biological Department, containing Biological and Bo- tanical Laboratories, together with work rooms and store rooms. The north building, situated just north of the foregoing, is 80 feet long, 50 feet wide and three stories in height. It contains four lecture rooms, quarters for the Commercial School, the Art Studio and two Literary Societies. The Chapel Building stands directly south of the Central Building, and is three stories high, 80 feet long and 50 feet wide. The second and third stories are wholly devoted to chapel purposes. The first story is devoted to the work of the Conservatory of Music and the Secretary ' s office. The Astronomical Observatory was erected in 1883, is two stories high, with a round tower which rises to three stories and is surmounted by a dome. On the lower floor are the lecture rooms of the departments of Astronomy and Mathematics and the pier-room, through which pass the brick supports for the fixed instruments. On the second floor are the transit room, containing the Transit Circle, Clock and Chronograph, a computing room, a room for port- able instruments, and a room containing the Astronomical and Meteorological Library. In the round tower is placed the Equatorial. The gymnasium was completed in 1892. The first story is of field stone; above this the building consists of a heavy frame inclosed with brick. The building has a frontage of 54 feet, and is 92 feet in depth, surmounted with a gothic roof to provide sufficient height. 12 ALBION COLLEGE The McMillan Chemical Laboratory was erected in 1893, the gift of Hon. James McMillan, of Detroit. It is a sub- stantial and modern building, three stories in height above the basement. The basement contains the Portland cement laboratory, the assaying room, the mineralogical collections and the fur- nace room. In the first story, which is 13 feet high, there is the or- ganic laboratory, 27x30 feet, containing tables for 24 students, with 29 feet of hoods, also wall tables, cases for chemicals, etc. Adjacent to this are the quantitative laboratory, 22x30 feet, tables for 20 students, hoods, wall tables, etc., a com- bustion room, 10x17 feet, and dispensing room, 10x21. On the other side of the hall is the instructor ' s study. Off this is a private laboratory, with large table, hoods, wall tables, cases, etc. The balance room, 9x21, and a research room, 15x30 feet, complete the equipment of this floor. The second story is also 13 feet high and contains the qualitative laboratory, 40x49 feet, with tables for 80 students, with seven hoods, wall tables, cases, etc. The lecture room, also on this floor, 30x37 feet, will accommodate 82 students, the seating being arranged in rising tiers of chairs. The third story is 10 feet high and contains the labor- atory of Physics, and also the collections of Paleontology and Lithology. Mrs. Charlotte T. Gassette, of Albion, has erected a beautiful and commodious building in memory of her de- ceased daughter, Miss Lottie L. Gassette. The building is designated Lottie L. Gassette Memorial Library and is both an ornamental and useful addition to our facilities. Four Fraternity Halls have been erected on the east por- tion of the college grounds, the institution having granted leases of sites for a period of years. The Winter-Lau Athletic Field, less than two blocks from the College, presents one of the best equipped athletic fields in the West. CHARACTER OF THE SCHOOL The institution is a college of Liberal Arts. It is not a theological school. There are a few Biblical studies, but no chair of theology. There are no theological tests and no religious exactions beyond regular attendance at chapel ex- ercises during school days and attendance at church on the Sabbath, giving the students their choice of place of worship. LIBRARIES, LABORATORIES AND OBSERVATORY LIBRARY. The Library, the gift of Mrs. Charlotte T. Gassette, of Albion, Michigan, is a substantial new brick structure, well equipped, well heated, well lighted, containing 16,000 volumes, besides a large number of unbound volumes and pamphlets. The Reading Room, ample and attractive, is abundantly supplied with encyclopedia, dictionaries, lexicons and general works of reference. There is also a full supply of papers and all the leading magazines of the day. Three indexes are supplied, Pooled, Readers ' Guide to Periodical Literature and the Annual, guiding readers to needed information contained in bound volumes of period- icals. The Dewey, or Decimal, system of classification is used and a new card catalogue makes the books easily accessible to all. Free access to book shelves is given to all and in addition to their use in Library building, books, with some necessary restrictions, may be drawn for home use. The Library is open from 7:30 a. m. to 12 m., and from 1 :i5 p. m. to 4:30 p. m., except on Saturdays, when it is open from 8 :oo a. m. to 12 :oo m. PROVISIONS FOR THE STUDY OF ASTRONOMY. In Astronomy, the facilities offered by the College are excellent. The equipment is fully adequate for purposes of instruc- tion or research. The Equatorial Telescope is of eight inches clear aperture, made and mounted by Alvan Clark Sons. YBAR BOOK 15 It is provided with circles, coarse and fine, driving clock, filar micrometer, with field and side illumination, and eye pieces giving range from a low-power comet-seeker to eight hundred diameters. The Transit Circle, by Fauth Co., is of a four-inch aperture and is provided with micrometers in right ascension and declination, levels sensitive to one second of arc and vertical circles reading to single seconds by micrometer microscopes. The Sidereal Clock and Chronograph are by the same makers. All of the instruments are in electrical connection. PROVISIONS FOR THE STUDY OF BIOLOGY. The Biological Department occupies the new Biological Laboratory, erected as an addition to Robinson Hall. This addition is 45 by 60 feet, three stories high, above the base- ment. It contains large laboratories for the classes in Zool- ogy and Botany, accommodating respectively 60 and 40 students. Besides the large windows at the end of each table there are electric lights and gas arc lights that afford ample illumination for evenings or dark days. There are commodious lecture rooms adjoining each. Besides these laboratories there are smaller laboratories for more advanced classes, with the same lighting arrangements as in the larger laboratories, as described above. The main supply room, in the basement, is 13 by 31 feet, while above this and con- necting with it by elevator, are smaller supply rooms for the classes in Zoology and Botany, 11 by 13 and 13 by 17 feet. Adjoining the Botanical Laboratory is a Botanical Working Museum, 20 by 23 feet. In the basement there is a workshop, beside the above, 18 by 20 feet, and two rooms, one 20 by 22 feet, occupied by the Co-operative Association; the other 18 by 31, which is used as a store room for biolog- ical and other material. On the third floor will be the Museum workroom and taxidermic workshop. The remain- der of this floor is given to photographic purposes. 16 ALBION COLLEGE The Biological Department is well supplied with such ap- paratus as is needed for its work, including over sixty com- pound microscopes, rocking and sliding microtomes, incu- bator, aquaria, embedding apparatus and a collection of sev- eral thousand mounted slides. The Botanical Working Museum is especially designed to contribute to the work in Ecology. It already contains nearly nine hundred species in the herbarium, nearly all from this locality, and many of them represented by numerous specimens which show the plant in immature and winter condition, as well as in flower, etc. There is also a large number of specimens of seeds, woods, barks, fibers, medicinal and commercial products. It is designed to make this collection as completely represen- tative of local plant life and plant products as possible. The Zoological Lecture Room is so arranged as to be speedily darkened and is provided with a stereopticon ; and while there is an ample supply of lantern slides on hand for purposes of instruction, others are being continually added as occasion demands. The photographic equipment of the laboratory is such as to highly facilitate the rapid increase of this collection. All the laboratories have individual private lockers, each with its own combination lock, and water and gas connec- tions are liberally provided throughout. The supply of material for study and dissection is large and is ample in amount and range of species for both elemen- tary and advanced study. It is constantly enriched through purchase as well as by the collections made by the department and friends of the College. The study and private laboratory of the professor in charge is on the first floor, adjacent to the Zoological Labora- tory where he may be constantly consulted by those having need of his assistance. PROVISIONS FOR THE STUDY OF PHYSICS. The laboratory work in the department of Physics has YEAR BOOK IT been greatly strengthened by the recent purchase of a con- siderable amount of well-selected modern physical apparatus. Among the instruments now available for class illustration and laboratory work are the following: Vernier calipers, micrometer gauges, microscope, telescopes, spherometer, Jolly ' s balance, Hawkes-Atwood ' s machine, Toepler-Voss self- charging electrical machine, diffraction grating, optical bench with accessories, photometric apparatus, Geneva spec- trometer, highly polished prisms, laboratory clock with sweep second hand, bending apparatus with telephone attach- ment, Boyle ' s law apparatus, Mohr ' s specific gravity balance, laboratory recorder for vibrations of tuning forks, simple pen- dulum apparatus with sounder for time work, pyknometers, moment of inertia apparatus, Kundt ' s apparatus for velocity of sound in metals, specific heat apparatus, heat of vaporiza- tion apparatus, micrometer cathetometer, rheostat, commu- tators, electric keys, electric motor, turning lathe with tools, magnets, lenses, torsional apparatus, linear expansion appa- ratus, fountain in vacuum apparatus, Madgeburg hemispheres, batteries of various kinds, Rhumkorff induction coil, resist- ance boxes, Weston voltmeter, Weston ammeter, wireless telegraphy outfit, single valued and subdivided multiple con- densers, direct reading D ' Arsonval galvanometer, tangent gal- vanometer, Rowland D ' Arsonval reflecting galvanometers with telescopes and scales, astatic galvanometer, earth inductor and other electrical measuring instruments. PROVISIONS FOR THE STUDY OF CHEMISTRY. The Chemical Laboratory is well supplied with all neces- sary chemicals and apparatus required for the various lines of work. One hundred and forty students can be accommo- dated at one time with tables fully supplied with gas and water, Bunsen burners, condensers, beakers, flasks, test-tubes, platinum ware, etc. A large amount of pure chemicals is kept on hand, and additions are constantly being made. The 18 ALBION COLLEGE weighing room contains five accurate balances. Nitrometers, burettes, graduates, pipettes, thermometers, hydrometers, etc., are supplied to each student as they are needed. The assay- ing laboratory is equipped with furnaces for the complete fire- assay, crucible, fusion, roasting and cupeling of gold, silver, lead, etc. The Portland Cement Laboratory is thoroughly equipped with all the necessary apparatus for analyzing the raw ma- terials, clay and limestone, furnaces for burning the cement, tensile strength machine and other apparatus for the complete testing of Portland cement. In this connection facilities are also provided for the examination of coal, peats and other forms of fuel. A complete laboratory for the analysis of gases, with especial reference to its application in the manufacture of illu- minating gas, has been installed. The laboratory is thoroughly equipped for, and is con- stantly carrying on, outside work in the examination of raw materials for manufacturing purposes, such as clays, marls, peat, coal, gold and silver ores, iron and steel, poisons, elixirs, sanitary and mineral waters, etc., etc. As an important and indispensable adjunct to the other apparatus may be mentioned a good working library of re- ference works. This is located in the reading-room of the Laboratory and is in constant use. The leading chemical journals are kept on file. The Journal of the Chemical Society of London, The American Chemical Journal, The Berichte de Chemischen Gesellschaft, The Chemical News, London Phar- maceutical Journal, while the general library contains full files of the American Journal of Science and Arts, Science, Popular Science Monthly and others. For detailed statement of courses in the Laboratory, see Outline of Work. YEAR BOOK 19 CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC Students are admitted to this department at any stage of the course. They must confer with the Director of the de- partment to determine what work they can properly carry. They will be assigned to such grade as their requirements in- dicate. Term tickets must be procured before entering upon the work. SCHOOL OF PAINTING Before commencing work in the studio, art students must procure tickets for the same, and talk with the head of the department as to plans of work and proficiency — if any — already gained. The order and kind of work must be subject to the judgment of the professor in charge. BUSINESS DEPARTMENT The literary attainments of students entering this depart- ment vary greatly, and hence they must be treated according to individual qualifications. The Principal must, therefore, be acquainted with the fitness of each on entering. This can only be done by full and free conference with him. PREPARATORY SCHOOL The College maintains a preparatory school for several reasons : — i. Many young people desire to fit themselves for college, but reside in communities which are not provided with high school advantages. 20 ALBION COLLEGE 2. In many of the graded schools of the State, the work is not sufficiently extended to prepare the student for admis- sion into college classes. 3. Many of the high schools of the State do not provide instruction that will prepare for all lines of college work. Some have only an English course, others English and Scien- tific courses, etc. Many students desire to study Latin, Greek, German, etc., in preparation for college, who are un- able to find adequate provision for the same in their home graded schools. Candidates for admission into the Preparatory depart- ment must have a knowledge of the primary branches, in- cluding geography, arithmetic, grammar and spelling, so far as will fit them to take up the work of the first year. Starting with this preparation, those who are studious will be able to complete the course prescribed in four years and to enter the Freshman class. For advanced standing, examina- tions must be passed on that part of the course for which credit is given; or on work equivalent thereto, unless certifi- cates are brought for the same from accredited schools. YEAR BOOK 21 TABULATED COURSES OF STUDY IN THE PREPARATORY SCHOOL FIRST YEAR FIRST TERM SECOND TERM THIRD TERM English Physiology ... U. S. History . English 5 Correlated Sciences U. S. History 5 English 5 Correlated Sciences Civics ..5 SECOND YEAR English Latin Algebra General History. English 4 Latin 5 Algebra 3 General History.. 4 English 4 Latin 5 Algebra 3 General History.. 4 THIRD YEAR j Am. Literature. 3 j Eng. Compos 2 j Geometry 3 (Algebra 2 Latin ) Greek or 5 German j j Am. Literature. 3 ( Eng. Compos. ... 2 ( Geometry 3 (Algebra 2 Latin ) Greek or • 5 German ) ( Am. Literature. 3 j Eng. Compos.... 2 j Geometry 3 j Algebra 2 Latin, ) Greek or ■ 5 German ) FOURTH YEAR j Plane Geometry 3 ( Algebra 2 Physics 5 j Solid Geometry . 3 ( Algebra 2 Physics 5 j Solid Geometry. 3 j Algebra 2 Physics 5 The following subjects are elective: — Eng. Literature. . .5 German 4 Latin 5 Greek 5 Life of Christ 2 Eng. Literature. . . 5 German 4 Latin 5 Greek 5 Life of Christ 2 Amer. Literature. 5 German 4 Latin 5 Greek 5 Life of Christ 2 STATEMENTS IN REGARD TO THE FOREGOING ENGLISH. Course I. — Five hours per week throughout the year. A. Fall Term. — English Grammar. Maxwell ' s Advanced Lessons in English Grammar is the text used. B. Winter Term. — English Grammar. Text the same as above. C. Spring Term. — Analysis. Kimball ' s Structure of the English Sentence is the text used. Course II. — Four hours throughout the year. A. Fall Term. — The fundamental principles of Rhetoric, Study of Figures of Speech. B. Winter Term. — Theme Writing, with Outline in Narration and Description. C. Spring Term. — Theme Writing. Course III. — Five hours throughout the year, of which three hours are devoted to American Literature and two- hours to English Composition. In this course the aim is to make the student ' s work in composition and his work in lit- erature helpful to each other. A. Fall Term. — Scott and Denny ' s Composition-Litera- ture is the text used. Special practice in spelling. Aber- nethy ' s American Literature is the text adopted for that subject. B. Winter Term. — Original work in Exposition and Argumentation. Masterpieces. American Literature. C. Spring Term. — Forms of English Poetry. Master- pieces. Theme writing. Spelling. American Literature. Course IV. — Five hours throughout the year. A. Fall Term. — English Literature. From the beginning to the end of the Puritan Age. Special attention is paid to the study of Shakespeare, Julius Caesar, The Merchant of EAR BOOK 23 Venice and Macbeth being the plays studied. The History of English Literature by Reuben Post Halleck is the text. B. Winter Term. — English Literature, with the same text as a basis. Periods studied, from the Restoration to the Nineteenth Century. Masterpieces. C. Spring Term. — English Literature. The Nineteenth Century in Prose and Poetry. Masterpieces. Note books are made throughout the year, and special emphasis is laid upon the literary characteristics of each period and author discussed. Collateral reading in our well furnished library is required throughout the course. GERMAN. Course I. — Five hours per week throughout the year. A. — Fall Term. Reading. — Haester ' s Deutsche Fibel (a three weeks thor- ough drill in letters and the most difficult combination of letters) and Gluck-Auf serve as the basis of the term ' s work. Every effort is made to lead the student to think in German. Expression. — The student, from the very first, is led to express himself in German. He learns to ask and answer questions in German. Great care is exercised to cause the student to acquire the German idiom. Writing. — A well-arranged series of copy-books is used. Nos. I, 2 and 3 are completed in the Fall term. The student is required to use the German script in all his work. Construction. — The laboratory method is used, thus en- abling the student to study the structure of the language in the concrete, a delightful change from the old method. Spanhoofd ' s Lehrbuch der Deutschen Sprache is used for drilling at home, but in the classroom only exercises especi- ally prepared by the instructor are used. B. — Winter Term. Reading. — Continuation of Gluck-Auf. Writing. — During the Winter term, Nos. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 of the series of copy-books are completed. 24 ALBION COLLEGE Construction. — Continuation of the work of the previous term. Conversation. — In addition to the German conversation used daily in the classroom, the classes are given the oppor- tunity one evening every other week, for one hour in Ger- man conversation. German only is permitted to be used on these occasions. C. — Spring Term. Reading. — Completion of Gluck-Auf. Wiedemann: Wie ich meinen Kleinen die biblischen Geschichten erzahle. Construction. — Continuation of the work of the previous term. Course II. — Four hours per week throughout the year. A. — Fall Term. Reading. — Lutz ' s Reader serves as the basis of the term ' s work. Conversation. — As far as practicable, all the class work is carried on in German. Great care is exercised to cause the student to express himself correctly. Construction. — Specially prepared exercises in language structure comprise the work of the term. B. — Winter Term. Reading. — Storm: Immensee, In St. Jurgen, Pole Pop- penspaler, serve as the basis for the term ' s work and for German Conversation. Construction.— Continuation of the work of the previous term. C. — Spring Term. Reading. — Zschokke: Der Zerbrochene Krug, Das Wirts- haus zu Cransac, Das Abenteuer in der Neujahrsnacht, serve as the basis for the term ' s work and for Conversation. Special attention is given to the analysis of the most complex Ger- man sentences. Construction. — German composition, beginning with the simple sentence, expanding the same. The student must com- pose simple letters and essays. YEAR BOOK 25 LATIN. Course I. — Five hours per week throughout the year. A. — Fall Term; B. — Winter Term; C. — Spring Term. An introductory book will be used, supplemented by selections from connected writings. In the first two terms the emphasis will be placed on forms and vocabulary and in the third term on construction. Course II. — Five hours per week throughout the year. A. Fall Term. — The equivalent of four books of Caesar ' s Gallic War. B. Winter Term. — Sallust ' s Catiline. C. Spring Term. — Six orations of Cicero. There will be drill throughout the year in Latin Prose Composition, in sight reading, and in pronunciation, forms and syntax. Course III. — Five hours per week throughout the year. A. Fall Term. — Virgil ' s Aeneid. B. Winter Term. — Continuation of Virgil ' s Aeneid. C. Spring Term. — Completion of Virgil ' s Aeneid and reading of Cicero ' s essay, De Senectute. Drill in prose composition and in sight reading will be continued throughout the year. Especial attention will be given to poetics, an appreciation of Virgil ' s style and work, his place in literature, etc. There will be continued emphasis on all that will prepare for successful work in college Latin. GREEK. Greek is one of the most beneficial of culture studies. While it is understood that a mastery of Greek gives abun- dant mental discipline, it must be admitted that a knowledge of the language is of value to any student, whether he specialize in the technical branches, or in history, literature or philosophy. A large percentage of the nomenclature in the professional branches is derived from the Greek language. At least one year of Latin should be completed before the student begins to study Greek. Course I. — Five hours per week throughout the year. 26 ALBION COLLEGE A. — A study of forms and constructions. Translation and prose work. B. — Continuation of A. Special preparation for the study of Xenophon ' s Anabasis by vocabulary and construction study. C. — Reading from Xenophon ' s Anabasis, Book I. Collat- eral study in Greek grammar. Course II. — Five hours per week throughout the year. A. — Xenophon ' s Anabasis. Review of constructions. B. — Xenophon ' s Anabasis. Word study. C — Homer ' s Iliad, Books I-III. A study is made of the rhythm of the Greek Epic, the setting of the Iliad, and the peculiarities of the Epic dialect. MATHEMATICS. In this department, pre-eminently, must efficient work be based on thoroughness in fundamental principles and opera- tions. Accordingly, students are urged to make a careful preparation in Arithmetic and Algebra before attempting sub- sequent work. In almost all cases where the advanced Mathe- matics have been found difficult, it has been due to defects in the study of Algebra. On the other hand, comprehension and facility in this corner-stone of analytical reasoning very gen- erally lead to rapid advancement, clear understanding and a very satisfactory appreciation of the higher branches. Arithmetic is taught in connection with the Business Department. Course I. — A, B and C. Beginning Algebra. Three hours per week throughout the year. A study of the Algebraic sym- bols, and of the fundamental operations, factoring, factor, theorem, fractions and simple equations. Course II. — A, B and C. Third Preparatory Algebra. Two hours per week throughout the year. Simultaneous equations, graphs, inequalities, involution, evolution, theory of exponents, radicals and quadratic equations. Course III. — A. B and C. Plane Geometry. Three hours per week throughout the year. In Geometry the prominent aim is to develop logical reasoning power, clear conceptions YEAR BOOK 27 and accurate language, to which end the benefits of this branch are well known. A large amount of original inventional work is performed, and due attention given to the practical applications of the subject. This course is intended to be taken with Course II. Course IV. — A, B and C. Fourth Preparatory Algebra. Two hours per week throughout the year. Theory of quad- ratic equations with graphs, simultaneous quadratics and ap- plications, ratio, proportion, variation, progressions, binomial theorem for positive integer, logarithms, identities and sym- metry. Course V. — Fourth Preparatory Geometry. Three hours per week throughout the year. A. — Plane Geometry reviewed and completed. B.— Solid Geometry. A study of lines and planes in space and of polyhedrons. C. — Solid Geometry continued. A study of the cyl inder, tone and sphere. This course is intended to be taken with Course IV. PHYSIOLOGY. A course of five hours per week, during the fall term of the first year. An elementary course, not experimental, but illustrated by such dissections and exhibition of mounted specimens as may be necessary to make the subject real. PHYSICS. The course in Physics, in the last year of the preparatory course, will be a five hours ' course and will extend through- out the year. This course will consist of illustrated lectures, recitations and laboratory work. It must be preceded by a course in Algebra and one in Plane Geometry. HISTORY AND CIVICS. Course I. — United States History. Five hours per week throughout the Fall and Winter terms. McLaughlin ' s History of the American Nation will be used as a text. Collateral 28 ALBION COLLEGE reading will also be required. The main purpose of the course is the narrative history and the history of institution making. Course II. — General History. Four hours per week throughout the year. A. — Grecian History. A general study of the country, customs, manners and government of Greece. Text, Morey ' s History of Greek. B. — Roman History. A study especially designed to acquaint the student, in a general way, with the development of the Roman constitution. Text, Morey ' s Outlines of Roman History, and the Development of the Roman Consti- tution by Tighe. C. — Mediaeval History. Four hours per week during the Winter term. This course is intended to give the student a general knowledge of the Dark Ages. Text, Myer ' s Mediae- val and Modern History. D. — Modern History. Four hours per week during the Spring term. Outline study of the Reformation in Germany and England; the Revolt of the Netherlands; the growth of absolute monarchy in France; the French Revolution, etc. Text, Myers ' Mediaeval and Modern History. Course III. — Civil Government. Five hours per week during the Spring term. Outline of national, state and local government, with especial reference to Michigan. Texts, Boynton ' s School Civics and McKone ' s Michigan State and Local Government. REQUIREMENTS FOR ADMISSION The foregoing statement of the work of the Preparatory- School presents the provisions made by the institution to fit for college. The larger field of preparation, however, is the High Schools. The Faculty of Albion College have long believed that the requirements for admission to college should exhibit a high degree of flexibility. They have recognized the fact that the high school exists to meet local wants, and does its work best when it most fully meets such wants. For some years the Faculty of Albion College have been studying this ques- tion in the light of all the information they could obtain, with a careful scrutiny of the principles involved, and have reached the conclusion that the courses of study best adapted to the purposes of the high school may, and ought to be, accepted in preparation for college. We have tried the experiment and found it successful, of taking the student at the point up to which the best schools have educated him, giving him credit for all his work, in the line he has chosen. This practically throws college doors open to a large number of young per- sons who, under the old system, would be deprived of the advantages provided in the higher institutions of learning. By this plan we do not admit at any lower point of scholarship, but make the lines of study in preparation more flexible, holding that it is training and culture that are needed, which can be secured through superior and adequate range of work, rather than by adherence to the old methods of following always a special line of studies. We have found that a large number of schools of twelve grades — in the quality and extent of work done — may be trusted to prepare for the Freshman year in college ; and that many of the schools of eleven grades 30 ALBION COLLEGE may be relied upon to fit the pupil for the fourth or highest Sub-Collegiate year. We accept, therefore, without examination of students, the work of the best high schools of twelve grades as prepara- tion for college. Under the same conditions we shall admit into our fourth Sub-Collegiate year from schools of eleven grades which are known to be doing satisfactory work. We advise students to pursue the same general line of work as that in which they have been prepared for college. No one class of work can arrogate to itself the term culture ' Many lines of work lead to the same end if intelligently and faithfully pursued, and each brings its possessor power and success. This idea has now so far won acceptance that we present the following alternative requirements for admission. Fifteen units are required for admission to the Freshman Class; a unit is defined as one year ' s work of not less than four recitation periods per week, — provided that in the sci- ences, laboratory periods shall be estimated at one-half the rate for recitation periods. Of these units the following are required of all : — English, three units. Mathematics, two or three units. Physics, one unit. Language (Latin, Greek, French or German), two units. These two units must be offered in the same language. The remaining units may be offered from among the fol- lowing; and the total number of units, including the absolute requirements, may be offered to the extent indicated: — English, four units. Latin, four units. Greek, three units. German, three units. French, two units. Algebra, one and one-half units. Geometry, one and one-half units. General History, one unit. YEAR BOOK 31 American History and Civics, one unit. English History, one unit. Physics, one unit. Chemistry, one unit. Zoology and Botany (combined), one unit. Zoology, one unit. Botany, one unit. Physiography, one unit. Any student who has not had a thorough course in both Arithmetic and U. S. History will be required to complete such work before being permitted to qualify as college Fresh- man. DESCRIPTION OF UNITS. The following descriptive outline indicates the amount of preparation expected in each of the subjects which may be offered as units. English. — The College entrance requirements in English are in accordance with the action of The Michigan Associ- ation of Colleges, at its meeting, May 25, 1895. The recom- mendations are as follows : — 1. That the several colleges of the association in their entrance requirements in English conform to the recommen- dations of The English Conference of the Eastern and Mid- dle States, as given below. 2. Further, that in these requirements they seek to de- velop in the pupils of the secondary schools the power of extemporaneous speaking. Note. — No candidate will be accepted in English for col- lege classification whose work is notably defective in point of spelling, punctuation, idiom or division into paragraphs. 1. Reading. — A certain number of books will be set for reading. The candidate will be required to present evidence of a general knowledge of the subject-matter and to answer simple questions on the lives of the authors. The form of the examination will usually be the writing of a paragraph or two on each of several topics, to be chosen by the candi- 32 ALBION COLLEGE date from a considerable number — perhaps ten or fifteen — set before him in the examination paper. The treatment of these topics is designed to test the candidate ' s power of clear and accurate expression, and will call for only a general knowledge of the substance of the books. In place of a part or the whole of this text, the candidate may present an exer- cise book, properly certified by his instructor, containing compositions or other written work done in connection with the reading of the books. The following requirements in English for admission to American colleges are observed: — (a) To be read: Coleridge ' s The Rime of the Ancient Mariner; George Eliot ' s Silas Marner; Irving ' s Life of Gold- smith; Scott ' s Ivanhoe; Scott ' s Lady of the Lake; Shake- speare ' s Macbeth; Shakespeare ' s Merchant of Venice; The Sir Roger de Coverly Papers; Tennyson ' s Idylls of the King; Gareth and Lynett, the Passing of Arthur, Launcelot and Elaine; Lowell ' s Vision of Sir Launfal. (b) To be studied carefully: Burke ' s Speech on Con- ciliation with America; Macaulay ' s Life of Samuel JoTinson; Macaulay ' s Addison; Shakespeare ' s Julius Caesar; Milton ' s L ' Allegro, II Penseroso, Comus, Lycidas. English Literature. — The unit in this subject is optional. Stoffard A. Brooke ' s English Literature, or any manual of equal grade, may be used for an outline of the subject. Mathematics. — The required units include — A. A course in elementary algebra, including the funda- mental operations involved in factoring, factor theorem, frac- tions, simple equations, identities, symmetry, inequalities, ex- ponents, radicals, quadratics, theory of and application of graphs, binomial theorem for positive integers, logarithms,, proportion, and the progressions. B. The ordinary work of demonstration and construc- tion covering plane, solid and spherical geometry as given in such texts as those of Beman and Smith, Wells, and Went- worth. Physics. — The required unit in physics includes an amount YEAR BOOK 33 represented by Carhart and Chute ' s High School Physics, Millikan and Gale ' s First Course in Physics, or Mann and Twiss ' High School Physics. The instruction in the class room should be supplemented by work in the physical labora- tory to the extent of one period a week throughout the year. Chemistry. — The unit in chemistry includes an amount of work equivalent to that presented in Remsen ' s Briefer Course in Chemistry. The text book should be accom- panied by laboratory work. Physiography. — The unit in this subject includes an amount represented by Davis ' Physical Geography, or Tarr ' s New Physical Geography. The text book work should be supplemented by field excursions, laboratory work, and the general reading of such books as Shaler ' s Outlines of the Earth ' s History, and Aspects of the Earth; Russell ' s Lakes of North America, Glaciers of North America, and Rivers of North America. Botany. — A course such as is outlined in Bergen ' s Foun- dations of Botany or Steven ' s Outlines of Botany. This should include at least two double-period laboratory exercises and two recitations per week. The student should obtain some familiarity with the more common plants. Notebooks should be kept, with drawings, the same to be presented with other credentials upon entrance. Zoology. — Such a text as French ' s Animal Activities, Jordan and Kellogg ' s Animal Life or Davenport ' s Introduc- tion to Zoology will be acceptable. Laboratory work should cover ten of the following forms or their equivalents; Amoeba, Paramoecium, Hydra, Earthworm, Clam, Snail, Crayfish, Grasshopper, Fish, Frog, Bird or Mammal. So far as possible the study should be made from the living animals, noting their habits, adaptations, etc. Notebooks required. Biology. — A course made up of selected parts from the above courses. Especial attention should be called to the fundamental identity of the processes involved in both plant and animal life. Notebooks should cover not only the labor- 34 ALBION COLLEGE atory work but the conclusions drawn from the class dis- cussions. History. — The units in history are as follows : — (i) General History, with a text equivalent to Myers General History to the year 800, one unit. (2) U. S. History and Civics, with texts equivalent to McLaughlin ' s History of the American Nation and Boyn- ton ' s School Civics, one unit. (3) English History, one unit. Greek. — The three units in Greek should be made up of the following or their equivalents : — First Year: Completion of a book in Beginning Greek and one book of Anabasis. Second Year: Three books of Anabasis and one book of Homer; drill in Greek prose composition. Third Year : Four books of Homer ; drill in Greek prose composition. Latin — First Year: The completion of a good beginning book, such as that of Collar and Daniel, and the equivalent of one-half of Book I of Caesar ' s Commentaries, one unit. Second Year: The completion of four books of Caesar ' s Commentaries, or the equivalent, and the equivalent of one hour a week in Latin composition throughout the year, one unit. Third Year: The completion of six of Cicero ' s Orations (one of them to be the Manilian law), and Latin Composi- tion equivalent to one hour a week throughout the year, one unit. Fourth Year: The completion of six books of Virgil ' s Aeneid, a review of Latin composition, the study of Latin synonyms and scansion of hexameter verse, one unit. German. — First Year: Drill in German pronunciation; elements of German grammar; translation of simple English into German to fix grammatical rules; reading of at least 150 pages of easy German from Gluck-Auf or Gurber ' s Marchen und Erzahlungen or their equivalent, one unit. Second Year: Review of first year ' s work, Harris ' Ger- YEAR BOOK 35 man Composition or its equivalent; reading of 250 pages of short German stories, such as Immensee, L ' Arrabbiata, Das Madchen von Treppi, Waldnonvellen, etc., one unit. Third Year : Review of German grammar and a careful study of German syntax; translation from English into Ger- man; paraphrasing, abstracts; reading of 450 pages of more difficult prose and poetry, such as Wilhelm Tell, Jungfrau v. Orleans, Minna v. Barnhelm, selections from the lyrics of Goethe, Schiller, Heine, etc., one unit. French. — First Year: Pronunciation; inflection of nouns and adjectives; pronouns; regular and irregular verbs; trans- lation of easy English into French; translation from French prose into English; reading of such stories as Gurber ' s Contes et Legendes, Toronot ' s Le Tour de la France, etc., one unit. Second Year: Practice in dictation; review of French grammar; study of idiomatic expressions; translation from English into French; reading of such selections as Foncin ' s Le Pays de France, Victor Hugo ' s Les Chatiments, one unit. Students who have prepared for college in any particular course will naturally pursue their work through College along corresponding lines. The regulations for admission contained in the preceding paragraphs apply to all schools which, a. Have been approved by us; or b. Have been approved by the Faculty of the University of Michigan; or C. Have supplied us with the evidence that, in extent, quality and completeness of work, the pupil has gained the scholarship and culture required to enter our classes. If the school has received formal approval according to (a) or(b) of this paragraph, we shall admit students directly on their diplomas and certificates. But if the school is not included in one of these classes, and it is desired to enter into relations with Albion College, the course or courses of study must be transmitted to us with such statements in regard to work done 36 ALBION COLLEGE as are considered important. This will be preliminary to an adjustment of relations. To be admitted into the College without examination, the student, if coming from a school included in one of the classes (a) or (b), will present his diploma or certificates, together with a letter from the Superintendent or Principal of the school, informing us that his work has been thoroughly done, that his habits are studious, and that he possesses capacity for genuine scholarship. On the strength of this, he may be im- mediately classified. If he comes from a school embraced in class (c) he must present his diploma or school certificates, with a letter from the Superintendent or Principal of the school, certifying to the earnestness and success of his school work. He will then be classified provisionally, according to the tenor of these documents, which classification will be made permanent after a few weeks ' successful study in the insti- tution. Blank forms for the admission of students, with lists of their credits, may be obtained upon application. ADVANCED CREDIT. On account of the exceptional length and fulness of the courses in some of the best high schools, the graduate some- times finds that he has covered more subjects and done more work than is required for entrance into the best colleges. Such a graduate will be able to get advanced credit for some of the subjects taken by fulfilling the following require- ments : — (i) Applications for advanced standing shall be pre- sented to the chairman of the committee on Advanced Stand- ing, on or before October 31, of the applicant ' s first year in college, — and not thereafter. (2) Applications for advanced standing should be ac- companied by an explicit official certificate describing the ex- tent and character of the work done, for which advanced credit is desired. (3) No application for advanced standing will be con- YEAR BOOK 3T sidered unless accompanied by a letter from the principal of the high school, from which the applicant graduated, recom- mending the granting of the credit desired. (4) No advanced credit will be given unless the student shall have been in college one term, and shall have done acceptable work in all his classes. Application for advanced standing shall be considered by the committee on Advanced Standing, and its recommenda- tions shall be reported to the faculty at the third regular faculty meeting in January. COLLEGE OF LIBERAL fIRTS INTRODUCTORY STATEMENT. In harmony with the progressive movement of educational affairs, Albion College will confer the degree of Bachelor of Arts upon all persons who come to us with suitable prepara- tion and who complete in a satisfactory manner a sufficient number of courses to credit them with 180 hours of colle- giate work, subject to such limitations of selection as are set forth under the heading Grouping of elective work. An hour of college work is understood to mean one hour of recitation or lecture work per week through one term. Graduates of accredited high schools will be admitted to our Collegiate department without examination, and, in addi- tion to our required work in English, will be permitted to enter any of our courses for which they are fitted, due regard being had to the necessary sequence of courses. Each Professor, in his own department, will prescribe the order in which his courses must be taken. Students of collegiate rank who fail in any study because of inadequate preparation will be allowed to make up their preparatory work in our Academic department, but such work: will not be counted to their credit upon collegiate courses. DEPARTMENTS OF INSTRUCTION ANCIENT LANGUAGES LATIN. Roman Social and Political Life. This course will con- sider the social and political side of Roman civilization. It will include connected readings from Roman historians and supplementary studies in Geography, Religion and Mythology and in the private and public life of the people. Course j. — Three hours per week throughout the year. A. Fall Term. — Sallust ' s Jugurthine War. B. Winter Term. — Latin readings in legendary and authentic history from Livy. C. Spring Term. — Tacitus Germania. In this year ' s work there may be supplementary reading from English authors and from additional Latin authors. Course II. — One hour per week throughout the year. Required of all students who take Course I; open to others. A. Fall Term. — Ancient Religion. B. Winter Term. — Roman Private Life. C. Spring Term. — Roman Public Life. Course III. — Three hours per week throughout the year. Roman Art and Artistic Literature. This course will consider the aesthetic side of Roman civilization. It will include readings from the Roman poets, and studies in Roman Art. A. Fall Term. — Lyric Poetry, Horace and Catullus. B. Winter Term. — Satiric Poetry, Horace, Perseus, Juvenal. C. Spring Term. — The Drama, Plautus and Terence. Course IV. — Three hours per week throughout the year. 40 ALBION COLLEGE Roman Philosophy. This course will consider the philo- sophic or reflective side of Roman civilization. The ethical schools of the Romans will be studied in relation to Greek philosophy on the one hand, and to Roman religion on the other. A. Fall Term. — Eclecticism, Cicero. B. Winter Term. — Epicureanism, Lucretius. C. Spring Term. — Stoicism, Seneca. Course V. — Two hours per week throughout the year. Supplementary Roman Literature. This course will con- sist of such of the courses named below as the class may elect. It offers several important phases of Roman life and litera- ture not included in the courses offered above. A. — Roman History and Biography, Tacitus, Suetonius, Paterculus. B. — Roman Rhetoric and Oratory, Cicero, Quintilian. C. — Roman Elegiac Poetry, Ovid, Tibullus, Propertius. D. — Roman Literary Criticism, Cicero, Horace j Quin- tilian. E. — Roman Epistolary Writings, Cicero, Pliny, Horace, etc. F. — Roman Literary Miscellanies, Epigram, etc., Martial, Aulus Gellius. G. — General Survey of Roman Literature, illustrated by short selections from many authors. H. — Latin Pedagogy. A study of Principles and Methods, Intended especially for students who expect to teach Latin. Includes advanced Latin prose composition illustrative of principles in syntax, and sight reading from Caesar, Nepos, Cicero, Virgil, Livy, etc. GREEK. Course III. — Four hours per term. A. — Odyssey. ' ■■ ' ■] ' ■ [% B. — Thucydides. $ C. — Aeschylus. V Course IV.— -Four hours per term. [ YEAR BOOK 41 A. — Sophocles. B. — Euripides. C— Plato. Course V. — Three hours per term. - « ? A. — Attic Orators. B. — Attic Drama. C. — Attic Comedy. Course VI. — Three hours per term. A. — Pausanias. Collateral reading upon the topography and mythology of Athens. B. — Neo-Hellenic. An introduction to the study of Mod- ern Greek, the course being based upon Thumb ' s Handbuch der neugriechischen Volkssprache. C. — Epigraphy. A study of early Greek alphabets and inscriptions. Course VII. — Seminar. Special facilities are offered for students desiring to do advanced or graduate work. Courses will be arranged to meet the requirements of individual students. MODERN LANGUAGES GERMAN AND GERMAN LITERATURE. Course III. — Four hours per week throughout the year. A. — Fall Term. Literature. — Modern authors. German Composition. — A thorough review of the cardi- nal points of German grammar, and a thorough application of the same in German composition. German conversation. B. — Winter Term. Literature. — Modern authors. German Composition. — Continuation of the work of the previous term. German synonyms. German conversation. C. — Spring Term. Literature. — Lessing ' s Laokoon. 42 ALBION COLLEGE German Composition. — Continuation of the work of the previous term. German conversation. No student is eligible who has not taken courses I and II, or their equivalent. Course IV. — Four hours per week throughout the year. A. — Fall Term. Literature. — Schiller: Gedichte; Die Rauber; Kabale und Liebe; Don Karlos. Collateral readings on the life of Schiller. B. — Winter Term. Literature. — Schiller: Wallenstein (Wallenstein ' s Lager; Die Piccolomini; Wallenstein ' s Tod); Maria Stuart. C. — Spring Term. Literature. — Schiller: Die Jungfrau von Orleans; Die Braut von Messina; Wilhelm Tell. No student allowed to enter this course who is not approved by the instructor. This class is limited to twelve in number. Course V. — Two hours per week throughout the year. A. — Fall Term. Normal German. — Composition and conversation. B. — Winter Term. Normal German. — Themes in German. C. — Spring Term. Normal German. — Themes in German. Course VI. — Four hours per week throughout the Fall Term. Not given in 1907. Scientific German. — This course is designed to give the student a preparation sufficient to become at home in German scientific literature. The work done covers reading in physics, chemistry, mineralogy, biology, botany, etc. Note. — No student is eligible who has not taken Courses I and II, or their equivalent. Course VII. — Two hours per week during the Winter and Spring Terms. YEAR BOOK 43 German Daily Life. — A conversational course, supple- menting the study of German. This course is intended to acquaint the student with the life, manners, and institutions of the people of Germany. Kron ' s German Daily Life serves as the basis of the work, supplemented by brief lectures (in German) by the instructor. Course VIII. — Four hours per week throughout the year. Not given in 1907-08. A. — Fall Term. Commercial German. — A course in practical German. This course is intended to acquaint the student with the technical terms, forms, and correspondence of the German commercial world. Damm ' s Wortfamilien. This work is largely conversational. B.— Winter Term. German Literature. — Heine and the Romantic School. Heine ' s biography. Damm ' s Wortfamilien. German conver- sation. C. — Spring Term. Journalistic German. — German magazines, such as the Gartenlaube or the Woche will be read.- Damm ' s Wort- familien. German conversation. Course IX. — Four hours per week throughout the year. Not given in 1907-08. A. — Fall Term. Literature. — Goethe: Hermann und Dorothea; Biography by Bielschowsky. B. — Winter Term. Literature. — Goethe: Dramas, supplemented by readings from Goethe ' s Wahrheit und Dichtung, and by lectures on German dramaturgy. C. — Spring Term. Literature.— Goethe : Faust, supplemented by collateral readings. Course x. — Four hours per week throughout the year. 44 ALBION COLLEGE FRENCH. Course I. — Four hours per week throughout the year. A. Fall Term. — Pronunciation. Inflection of nouns and adjectives, pronouns, regular and irregular verbs, reading of easy prose. B. Winter Term. — Review of the work in Grammar done in the previous term. Translation from English into French. Easy French prose explained in French. C. Spring Term. — Translation from English into French. Continuation of Grammar. French conversation. Easy French prose and poetry. Course II. — Four hours per week throughout the year. A. Fall Term. — Practice in dictation. Written exercises in French. Resumes in French of French selections. French prose and poetry. B. Winter Term. — Practice in dictation continued. Study of idiomatic expressions with exercises embodying the idioms studied. C. Spring Term. — Historical French. Continuation of the work of the previous term. French readings. Course III. — Four hours per week throughout the year. A. Fall Term. — French Fiction. B. Winter Term. — French Fiction. C. Spring Term. — French Fiction. Course IV. — Four hours per week throughout the year. A. Fall Term. — Discussion of methods of teaching French suited to the needs of teachers in French. History of French Grammar. Contemporary Literature. B. Winter Term. — History of French Grammar contin- ued. Review of the essentials of French Grammar. Text- books mostly in French and German. C. Spring Term. — Conversation. Composition. Relation of French to Latin and English. Course V. — Two hours per week throughout the year. YEAR BOOK 45 A. Fall Term. — French Daily Life. Common words and common phrases, good for students and travelers. B. Winter Term. — Classroom conversation. C. Spring Term. — Facts of Life. Home life, the school, traveling, plants. Course VI. — Four hours per week throughout the year. A. Fall Term. — Literature of the eighteenth century. Essays in French. Considerable reading. B. Winter Term. — Literature of the nineteenth century. Acquaintance with Contemporary literature. C. Spring Term. — Nineteenth century literature. Col- lateral reading. SPANISH. Edgrens Grammar, Libro Primero de Lectura, Libro Segundo de Lectura, Aritmetica Elemental, Geografia Ele- mental, Libro Tercero de Lectura, Histora de los Estados Unidos, Aritmetica Practica. Attention will also be given to reading and speaking. The courses will meet three times a week throughout the year. A similar method will be pursued in the Italian courses. ITALIAN. Course I. — A. — Grandgent ' s Grammar and Composition. I Promessi Sposi. Fall Term. — Two hours. B. — Continuation of I, and selections fromBoc c accio. Winter Term. — Two hours. C. — Selections from Ariosto, Boccaccio, Petrarca and Dante. Spring Term. — Two hours. Italian not given in 1907-08. ENGLISH LANGUAGE Course I. — Three hours a week throughout the year. Required of all Freshmen. A. Fall Term. — Rhetoric and Composition. A study of the principles of Rhetoric, with practice in writing composi- tions. All candidates for admission to this course must take 46 ALBION COLLEGE a preliminary examination in spelling and punctuation, and all who are found deficient will be required to make up these subjects before receiving credit for the course. Newcomer ' s Elements of Rhetoric is the text used. B. Winter Term. — A continuation of the Fall term ' s work, with a study of Figures of Speech. C. Spring Term. — Synonyms. A course in the study of synonymous words based on Smith ' s Synonyms Discriminated as a text. By vote of the faculty, two years of English are hereafter required for graduation, beginning with the class of 1909. The following is the course for the second year of required work : — Course II. — Advanced Composition. Three hours a week throughout the year. A. Fall Term. — Compositions with class criticisms two days a week; lectures and recitations on assigned reading the third. The object of this course is to perfect the student in the practice of the principles studied in Course I. The student will be expected to write accurately and easily on a wide variety of subjects under logical composition. Baldwin ' s A College Manual of Rhetoric is the text used. B. Winter Term. — Continuation of A. In addition, a study of literary composition. The development of artistic composition in description and the short story. C. Spring Term. — Continuation of B. The modern critical essay, criticisms of current literature, versification and the media of poetry. Open only to those who have completed Course I. Course III. — Two hours a week. A. Fall Term, and B. Winter Term. — Prose Master- pieces. An inductive study of the masterpieces of English prose from Bacon to Emerson, with Clark ' s A Study of English Prose Masterpieces as a text. YEAR BOOK 47 C. Spring Term. — The Nineteenth Century Essay. A study of the essayists of the nineteenth century from Landor to Stevenson. Primarily for those who have corn- completed Prose Masterpieces. Course III is open only to those who have completed Course I or Course II. Course IV. — Writing. One hour a week throughout the year. This course is designed to furnish an opportunity to practice for those students who wish to develop the art of writing. No limit is placed on the range of subjects to be written on. Open only to those who have had two years of work in the department of English Language. The instructor reserves the right to limit the number of this class at his dis- cretion. Course V. — Forensics. A course in debating. Two hours a week throughout the year. Weekly drill in speaking and in the drawing of briefs upon assigned topics. Open only to those who have completed English I. ENGLISH LITERATURE Course I. — Critical survey of English Literature. A. — History of early English Literature, including a study of Childe ' s Boewulf. Study of Chaucer ' s Canterbury Tales, with collateral reading in Langland and Wyclif. Brief study of Gower, Lydgate, Occleve, Hawes, Skelton, the most pop- ular mediaeval ballads and Tottel ' s Miscellany. Critical dis- cussion of Malory ' s Morte d ' Arthur, More ' s Utopia, and Lyly ' s Euphues. First term, four hours. B. — Edmund Spenser. The rise and development of the drama, with a study of dramatic law and technique, from the time of the Miracle Play. Second term, four hours. C. — Milton, Dryden, Pope and some of the lesser poets of the Jacobean, Caroline and Augustan periods. Bacon, Swift and Johnson. Third term, four hours. 84 ALBION COLLEGE Course II. — Nineteenth Century Poetry. A. — The Romantic Movement. Influence of the French Revolution and German Transcendental Philosophy. Words- worth and Shelly. First term, three hours. B. — Keats and Byron. Second term, three hours. C. — Browning and Tennyson. Third term, three hours. Course III. — Nineteenth Century Prose. A. — Jeffries, Hunt, Christopher North, Hazlitt, Lamb and Landor. First term, three hours. B. — Carlyle, Coleridge and Ruskin. Second term, three hours. C. — DeQuincy, Arnold and Pater. Third term, three hours. Courses II and III given alternate years. Course IV. A. — Theories of Literary Criticism. Study of the principles laid down by Plato, Aristotle, Addison, Lessing and contemporary views as seen in Arnold, Robert- son, Moulton, etc. First term, two hours. B. — Principles of Criticism applied to the study of the Epic, Lyric and Drama; the Novel, Essay and Romance. Second term, two hours. C. — Poetics. An investigation of the laws and art of verse-making. Third term, two hours. Course V. — Shakespeare. Careful reading of certain plays illustrating the development of his dramatic art. First term, three hours. Course VI. — Development of the Novel. From Fielding to Stevenson. Second and third terms, three hours. Required of candidates for State Teachers ' Certificates: Methods in English. Two hours. Seminar. — One hour throughout the year. Only part of the foregoing courses given 1907-08. YEAR BOOK 49 ELOCUTION AND ORATORY Oratory I. — A study of the principles of Elocution. Two hours a week throughout the year. A, B and C. — Especial emphasis is laid on the develop- ment of the voice for purity, variety and energy of tone. The course is designed to aid the student in overcoming manner- isms, to assist him in acquiring accuracy of pronunciation, clearness of enunciation and directness of address. Particular attention is paid to the oratorical style, as the aim of the course is to make good public speakers rather than public entertainers. Oratory II. — A. Fall Term, and B, Winter Term. A course in the study of oratorical composition. Two hours a week. The student is required to read and analyze examples of standard English oratory and to work out the principles of oration writing. He is also required to write and pronounce at least one oration a term on assigned or on chosen topics. The members of the class are urged to avoid the standard prevalent in college oratorical efforts and to study the re- quirements of the broader style of oratory demanded by every-day life. The recitation periods are divided equally between the study of the oration and drill in delivery. Open only to those who have completed Oratory I and English L C. — Bible, Hymn and Liturgic Reading. Primarily for those intending to enter the ministry. HISTORY, ECONOMICS, POLITICAL SCIENCE HISTORY. Course I. — History of Europe. From the dissolution of the Roman Empire to the founding of the German Empire. A. Fall Term. — Three hours. From the beginning of the encroachment of the Teutons upon Rome to the break- ing up of Charlemagne ' s Empire. Text-book, collateral read- ing, reports. -50 ALBION COLLEGE B. Winter Term. — Three hours. To the fall of Con- stantinople. C. Spring Term. — Three hours. To the founding of the German Empire. Course II. — History of Civilization. A. Fall Term. — Three hours. A review of the Elements of Civilization from an historical point of view. Text-book, collateral reading. B. Winter Term. — Three hours. Continuation of A. Course III. — American History. A. Spring Term. — Three hours. From the discovery of America to 1763. Text-book, collateral reading, reports. B. Fall Term. — Four hours. 1763-1820. Emphasis will be placed upon geographic conditions and upon the develop- ment of the Constitution. Lectures, text-books, collateral reading, reports. (Not given in 1907-08.) C. Winter Term. — Four hours. 1820- 1857. Era of Ex- pansion. Anti-slavery agitation. Industrial development. The Tariff Problem. (Not given in 1907-08.) D. Spring Term. — Three hours. The Civil War and the Reconstruction. (Not given in 1907-08.) Course IV. — English History. A. Fall Term. — Three hours. From the beginning of English History to the Accession of James I. Particular at- tention will be given to Constitutional and Economic History. Text-book, lectures, collateral reading, reports. B. Winter Term. — Three hours. From the reign of James I to 1885. Course V. — Methods in American History. Spring term, two hours. (Not given in 1907-08.) ECONOMICS. Course I. — Introductory. A prerequisite to all other courses in Economics. A. Fall Term. — Three hours. A brief study of the fundamental laws of economic science. The application of YEAR BOOK 51 economic principles to practical problems. Text-book, col- lateral reading. B. Winter Term. — Three hours. Continuation of A. Lectures on the History of Economic Thought. Course II. — Economic Problems. Winter Term, three hours. Custom and Competition. Trusts and Combinations. Railroads, Agricultural Econom- ics. Text-book, lectures, collateral reading, reports. (Not given in 1907-08.) Course III. — Advanced Economics. Winter term, three hours. Problems connected with the Distribution of Wealth. Carver ' s Distribution of Wealth will be used as a guide. Lectures, collateral reading. Course IV. — Taxation and Finance. Spring term, three hours. The principles and methods of Taxation and Public Expenditures. Text-book, lectures, collateral reading, reports. Course V. — Money and Banking. Winter term, two hours. Principles of Money. Credit. Foreign Exchange. Banking Systems. Text-book, collateral reading. (Not given in 1907-08.) Course VI. — Labor Problems. Fall term, four hours. Unemployment. Wages. Stan- dard of Living. Child and Woman Labor. Arbitration. Strikes. Immigration. Profit Sharing. Co-operation. In- dustrial Education. Lectures, text-book, collateral reading, reports. Course VII. — Labor Unions and the History of the Labor Movement. Fall term, three hours. A study of the Evolution, aims, ideals and methods of Organized Labor in the United States. Lectures, collateral reading, reports. (Not given in 1907-08.) Course VIII. — Industrial History of the United States. Winter term, three hours. A brief study of industrial progress in the United states. Text-book, lectures, collateral reading, reports. 62 ALBION COLLEGE Course IX. — Socialism and Social Reform. Spring term, two hours. Socialistic Theories. Anarch- ism. Text-book, lectures, collateral reading. (Not given in 1907-08.) SOCIOLOGY. Course I. — General Sociology. Spring term, three hours. Nature of Sociology. Social Evolution. Control and Forces. Outline of the History of Sociological Thought. Text-book, collateral reading. Course II. — Practical Sociology. Spring term, two hours. Charities. Crime. Juvenile Delinquency. Visits to County and State Institutions. Text- book, lectures, collateral reading. Course III. — Economic and Social Aspects of the Liquor Problem. Spring term, one hour. Text-book, lectures, collateral reading. POLITICAL SCIENCE. Course I. — Government in the United States. Spring term, three hours. A study of national, state and municipal government. Primarily for Freshmen and Sopho- mores. Text-book, collateral reading. Course II. — World Politics. Fall term, two hours. Special reference to the situation in the Orient. Text-book, collateral reading. Course III. — Modern Political Theories. Fall term, two hours. Special reference to American Political Theories. Lectures, collateral reading. (Not given 1907-08.) MATHEMATICS The object of this department is twofold, — to give mental discipline and to practically apply the principles to the differ- ent arts and sciences. Clear thinking and the expression of YEAR BOOK 53 such thoughts in graphic form or by concise English are emphasized; mechanical methods of obtaining results are avoided. Though many of the subjects offered are usually classed under Pure Mathematics, their practical application is given due prominence. The wisdom of this course will be easily seen when it is remembered that mathematical prin- ciples underlie the great mechanical enterprises of modern civilization. At the beginning of the Freshman year, a few days will be given to a review of the fundamental principles of Algebra, and those who show a marked deficiency therein will not be allowed to continue. Justice to the student as well as to the department requires this. Course I. — College Algebra, Plane and Spherical Trigo- nometry. A fundamental course for College Mathematics, Astronomy and Physics. Four hours per week throughout the year. A. — Theory of Quadratics, Graphs, Symmetry, Inequali- ties, Progressions, Logarithms, Limits, Series, Convergency and Divergency, Permutations and Combinations, Binomial Theorem, Identities and Undetermined Coefficients. Fall term. B. — An elementary development of both Plane and Spher- ical Trigonometry, consisting of the ordinary formulae and their use in the solution of triangles, right and oblique, plane and spherical; exercises in analytical reductions. Winter term. C. — A continuation of the work of first and second terms, Summation of Series, Interpolation. An elementary study of the Theory of Equations, giving the properties of the gen- eral equation with graphical method; solution of numerical equations by Sturm ' s Theorem and Horner ' s Method; Car- dan ' s Solution of the Cubic; Trigonometric Algebra, includ- ing Equations; De Moivre ' s Theorem, convergency of a few trigonometric series and application in computing trigono- metric tables. Spring term. 54 ALBION COLLEGE Course II. — Plane Analytic Geometry. Four hours. Fall term. Prerequisite, Course I. The Cartesian and Polar co-ordi- nates of point, line, circle, parabola, ellipse and hyperbola; the general quadratic equation; problems in Loci. Course III — .Differential and Integral Calculus. Four hours per week. Winter and Spring terms. Prerequisites, Courses I and II. Both derivatives and dif- ferentials are used. Integration is taken up before Differen- tiation is completed. In addition to the conic sections, some of the higher plane curves are studied. An early application of Calculus is a feature of the work. Course IV. — Plane Surveying. Four hours. Fall term. Prerequisite Course I. Use of compass, transit, level; land surveying, leveling, topographical work, laying out roads, streets and railroad curves. Course V. — Geometrical Conies. Two hours. Winter term. Prerequisite, admission requirements to Freshman class i n Algebra and Geometry. Recommended to be taken before Course II. A course on the Parabola, Ellipse and Hyperbola as Loci and as Conic sections, from the standpoint of Ele- mentary Geometry. Advanced Mathematics. — Each term a course (usually of four hours) will be offered from some one of the following: Prerequisites in all cases, Course I; and in many cases, Courses I, II and III. Differential and Integral Calculus. Continuation of Course III. Determinants. Theory of Equations. Higher Trigonometry. Higher Algebra. History of Mathematics. Differential Equations. Analytic Mechanics. . r „ i. YEAR BOOK 55 Analytic Geometry of two dimensions. Analytic Geometry of three dimensions. Differential Calculus. Integral Calculus. Descriptive Geometry. Projective Geometry. Surveying. Further information will be furnished on application. ASTRONOMY This department is ne cessarily closely allied with that of Mathematics. A clear idea of Spherical Geometry is needed even in an elementary course, and Spherical Trigonometry is used more and more as one advances. The aim will be to use enough of the wealth of astronomical mythology, biography and history to make this science highly interesting. Course I. — Descriptive Astronomy. Four hours. Spring term. Prerequisites, admission requirements to Freshman class in Algebra and Geometry, and High School Physics. An elementary course whose purpose is to give the student a conception of the solar system and stellar heavens. Atten- tion will be paid to the constellations and current celestial phenomena. Observations with the naked eye and equatorial telescope. Course II. — General and Practical Astronomy. Three hours per week throughout the year. Prerequisites, Elemen- tary Physics and Course I of Mathematics. Based on Young ' s General Astronomy (revised edition). Use of equatorial, transit and sidereal clock for the simpler problems of Practi- cal Astronomy; use of Nautical Almanac; star charting; calculation of suitable problems ; special attention paid to observational work. Course III. — Practical Astronomy. Number of hours to be agreed upon. Fall or Spring terms. 56 ALBION COLLEGE Prerequisite, Course II. Actual work by the student with all the instruments of the Observatory; calculation and de- termination of instrumental errors. Some mathematical theory will be developed from such works as Campbell, Doolittle and Chauvenet. Course IV. — History of Astronomy. Two hours. Winter or Spring terms. Prerequisite, Course I or Course II. Based on Berry ' s Short History of Astronomy. An outline of the science from early historical times to the present. Not a technical course. PHYSICS Course I. — Mechanics. Four or five hours. First term. Recitations, illustrated lectures and laboratory work. Course II. — Sound. Four or five hours. Second term. Recitations, illustrated lectures and laboratory work. Course III. — Light. Four or five hours. Third term. Recitations, illustrated lectures and laboratory work. Course IV. — Magnetism and Electricity I. Four hours. First term. Recitations, illustrated lectures and laboratory work. This course, together with Course V, constitutes a general introduction to the field of magnetism and electricity. Course V. — Magnetism and Electricity II. Four hours. Second term. Course VI. — Heat. Four hours. Third term. Recita- tions, illustrated lectures and laboratory work. Course VII. — Primary Batteries. Three hours. First term. Three hour period for laboratory work, and two hours for recitations and lectures. Course VIII. — Electrical Measurements I. Three hours. Second term. Laboratory work, recitations and lectures. This course is primarily a laboratory course in the measure- ment of electrical quantities, and must be preceded by Course IV. Calculus methods will also be employed. Course IX. — Electrical Measurements II. Three hours. YEAR BOOK 57 Third term. This course is a continuation of Course VIII. Course X. — Methods and Technics. Two hours each term. This course is designed for students who expect to teach physics or do practical work, and embraces the fol- lowing features: (i) Selection, testing, repairing and mak- ing of physical apparatus; (2) discussion of methods in physics and of laboratory courses. The course for the third term will be especially designed to meet the needs of those who expect to teach physics and will include a dis- cussion of laboratory methods for high school work, refer- ence books, methods of presentation, etc. Of the following courses, that one for which there is the greatest demand will be given each term, during t he year 1907-08. Calculus methods will be employed in each of these courses. Course XL — Theory of Sound. Two hours. First term. Lectures and recitations. Course XII. — Theory of Light. Two hours. Second and Third terms. Study of Preston ' s Theory of Light. This course must be preceded by Course XL Course XIII. — Theory of Heat. Two hours. Three terms. Study of Preston ' s Theory of Heat. Course XIV. — Advanced Mechanics. Two hours. Three terms. Lectures and recitations. LABORATORY FEES. Laboratory fees, to cover cost of materials used, will be as follows : Courses I, II, III, IV, V, VI and X, each.. $0.50 to $1.00 Courses VII, VIII and IX, each $1.25 The above fees do not cover breakage of apparatus. CLASSIFICATION OF COURSES WITH REGARD TO FUTURE WORK OF STUDENTS. Students who expect to take a course in medicine or pharmacy should complete Courses I-VI, inclusive; those who are planning to study civil, mechanical, chemical, naval 58 ALBION COLLEGE or electrical engineering, will find Courses I-IX, inclusive, applicable to their future work; those who desire to secure positions as special teachers of physics, or of physics com- bined with other sciences, should complete, at least, Courses I- VI, inclusive, and the third term of Course X. CORRELATED PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY Course I. — Mineralogy, descriptive and determinative. Laboratory work, two hours per day, four days of the week. Third term. About forty typical, naturally occurring miner- als are studied by means of both physical and chemical tests. This is an informational course, corresponding to and sup- plementing the general courses in Botany and Zoology. This course must follow Course III, but may be taken with Course IV of Chemistry; it must follow Courses I and II, and may be taken with Course III of Physics. Course II. — Batteries. Three hours. First term. One three-hour period for laboratory work, and two hours for recitations and lectures. The object of this course is to give the student a thorough knowledge of the theory and of the principles involved in the construction and operation of pri- mary batteries. Prerequisites, Courses I and III in Chem- istry, and Courses I and IV in Physics. Course III. — Electrolysis. Five hours. Second term. This course includes a study of the principles of electrolysis, the measurement of current, the theory of ions, and the appli- cation of these principles to the quantitative determination of the metals. Prerequisites, Courses IV and V in Chem- istry; Course II in Correlated Physics and Chemistry. CHEMISTRY Primarily, it should be said that Chemistry is taught in Albion College for the pur pose of making an important con- tribution to the general culture of the student, for want of YEAR BOOK 59 which that culture would be imperfect and unbalanced. That the study of Chemistry produces a discipline of mind fully comparable with that reached through any other subject in the curriculum is conceded by all. In addition to this, the study is broadly informational and brings the thought of the student into intimate and practical relations with many of the leading commercial activities of the age. Still further, the courses offered in the McMillan Chemical Laboratory prepare those students who take the advanced courses for actively engaging as chemists for manufacturing concerns. The laboratory has sent out graduates into numer- ous lines of chemical work. As an example of this, it may be stated that a majority of the Portland cement mills, of Michigan and the adjoining States have for their chief chem- ists those who have had their preparation in the McMillan Laboratory. Others are engaged as manufacturing chemists in various lines : paint-making, pharmaceutical preparations, pure-food products, chemical engineering, assaying, the manu- facturing of illuminating gas, etc. Well-trained and capable chemists are in good demand, and oftentimes the laboratory is unable to meet the demand for such trained labor. The laboratory also sends out many successful teachers of chemistry to our leading schools and colleges. GENERAL CHEMISTRY. Course I.— Chemistry of the Non-Metals. Five hours. For students who have had no preparatory work in Chemistry. First term. Course II. — Advanced Chemistry of the Non-Metals. Five hours. For students who have had preparatory Chemis- try. First term. Courses I and II may be merged into one class at the option of the instructor. Course III.— Chemistry of the Metals and Qualitative 60 ALBION COLLEGE Chemistry. Laboratory practice two hours each day, five days of the week. Second term. Course IV. — Advanced Qualitative Chemical Analysis, with special reference to the study of oxidation and reduc- tion. Four hours. Third term. Laboratory work as re- quired. Course V. — Quantitative Chemistry. Five hours. Labor- atory work fifteen hours per week. First term. This course may be taken by any student who has completed Course III. Course VI. — Quantitative Chemistry. A continuation of Course V. Second term. Five treble hours. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING. Course VII. — Mineralogy. See under Correlated Phys- ics and Chemistry. Third term. Four double hours. Course VIII. — Volumetric Analysis. Third term. Four or five hours. Laboratory work three hours per day. Course IX. — Portland Cement. The chemistry of Port- land cement, including the study of the raw materials ; the manufacture, composition and testing of the finished product. Second term. Three hours per day, five days per week. Students entering this course must have had Courses IV and V. This course may be continued through the third term. Course X. — Gas Analysis. The chemistry of illuminat- ing gas, including the analysis of coal, gas and the by-prod- ucts ; the structure and management of a gas plant. Prerequi- sites, Courses IV, V,XIVand XV. Four hours. Second and third terms. Course XL— Sanitary and Technical Water Analysis. Five hours. First term. Must be preceded by Course V. Course XII. — Assaying, including the metallurgy of gold, silver, lead, copper, etc. First term. Third year. Four hours.. Course XIII.— Sanitary Science. Lectures and research work, three times per week. Open to all students who have completed Courses I to IV, inclusive. Third term. Given in 1908 and each alternate year. YEAR BOOK 61 MEDICAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY. Course XIV. — Organic Chemistry. The study of the text, with lectures, three days per week. Laboratory work in Synthetical Preparations, four hours per week. Second term. This course may be taken by students who have com- pleted Course IV. Course XV. — This is Course XIV continued through the third term. For the purpose of completing a minor in Organic Chemistry, two hours additional of Synthetic work may be taken. Course XVI. — Ultimate Organic Analysis. To follow courses XIII and XIV. Three hours. Third term. Course XVII. — Provision will be made for special stu- dents in any kind of chemical investigation. Students expect- ing to teach will be given work to prepare them in chemical manipulation, the care and management of a laboratory, etc. CLASSIFICATION OF COURSES. It will be seen that after Courses I, II, III, IV and V have been completed, the work in Chemistry may be divided into two lines, depending on the prospective future work of the student. For Mechanical, Mining or Civil Engineering, Courses VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII and XIII may be taken. For Medicine and Pharmacy, Courses XI, XIV and XV may be included. Students doing meritorious work in the above courses readily receive advance credit for them in the leading Uni- versities and Medical Colleges. For teaching, Courses I to VI inclusive, together with a course in Methods taken in the third term of the Senior year, will afford preparation for teaching Chemistry in the public schools. 62 ALBION COLLEGE BIOLOGY Course I. — Zoology. Twelve hours. Three double hours weekly are spent in the laboratory in the study of types rep- resenting nearly all of the more important classes of the animal kingdom. The laboratory work is accompanied by two lectures or quizzes each week, roughly parallel to the laboratory work, on the comparative anatomy and classifi- cation of animals. A. — Protoza, Porifera, Coelentera, Echinoderma. Four hours. Fall term. B. — Worms, Molluscs, Arthropods. Four hours. Winter term. C. — Vertebrates. Four hours. Spring term. Course II. — Botany. Nine hours. One hour lecture or quiz, and two double hours in the field or laboratory, weekly. A. — The plant as a whole. Field work so far as weather permits. Life processes of the plant. Fall term. Three hours. B. — Structure, gross and minute, simple and modified. Life histories and laboratory study of cryptogams. Winter term. Three hours. C. — Systematic Botany and Ecology. Spring term. Three hours. A considerable part of this term ' s work will be in the field. Course III. — Embryology. Four hours. A laboratory course of two double hours per week during the Fall and Winter terms. Chief stress will be laid upon Vertebrates, which will be studied comparatively, bringing out the general principles governing their development. Given in 1908-09. Course IV. — Advanced Zoology. Nine hours. Acquaint- ance with the general facts of Zoology will be assumed and the time will be devoted to the philosophy of Zoology and to the discussion of leading biological questions. Text-book, Thomson ' s Outlines of Zoology, lectures and seminar work. A. — General survey. Nature of protoplasm. The cell. YEAR BOOK 63 Animal and plant. Heredity. Sex. Fall term. Three hours. B. — Continuation of above. Protozoa. Origin of Meto- zoa. Coelentera. Cursory examination of other inverte- brate types. Winter term. Three hours. C. — Vertebrates. Spring term. Three hours. Course V. — Laboratory Methods and Microscopial Tech- nique. Six hours. Two double hours in the laboratory with lectures or quizzes each week. This course is especially designed for those that expect to teach the natural sciences, or to pursue the study of medicine. A. — Methods of killing, fixing and preserving. Section cutting and mounting. Fall term. B. — The microscope and microscopical methods. Care and repair of instruments. Testing and proper use of the same. Winter term. C. — Field work. Fauna and flora. General care of a laboratory. Spring term. Course VI. — Origins. A critical study of the theories of Development and Heredity and of the Foundations of Belief. Fall and Winter terms. One hour each. Not given in 1907-08. Students who intend to specialize in Biology will be encouraged to pursue it further. Courses will be arranged for them as may be necessary, and all possible facilities will be offered in the prosecution of this work. The College has a large supply of material on hand for this purpose, and the surrounding country affords many problems of great interest. The Biological Club takes up work not otherwise pro- vided for. Since its organization it has endeavored to keep abreast of the current literature of Biology, and has afforded fuller and freer opportunity for the discussion of biological problems than the general classroom. The number of mem- bers in the club is limited to eight and membership is at- tained through election by the club, upon recommendation of the professor of Biology. 64 ALBION COLLEGE PHOTOGRAPHY The theory, processes and applications of Photography, with especial reference to (a) its utilization as an aid to the teacher; (b) artistic photography. Spring term. Three hours. Not given in 1907-08. GEOLOGY Prerequisites, Physics, Chemistry and Zoology. A study of the changes at present going on upon the earth; their causes and the records they have left in the rocks ; the development of existing surface configurations ; the changes in past conditions of physical geography and their consequent reaction upon life systems. Especial attention is given to the development of the North American conti- nent, and to the geological history of Michigan. Three hours each term throughout the year. PHILOSOPHY Course I. — Psychology. Four hours. Fall term. This is a course in general Psychology. It treats especially of the senses, intellect, feelings and will. Course II. — Logic. Four hours. Winter term. A course in Formal Logic is presented by means of text-books, lectures and discussion. The aim is thoroughly to acquaint the student with the various laws and forms of syllogism and with the methods of detecting logical fallacies. The second part of the term is devoted to Inductive Logic, and treats of inference, induction, hypotheses, analogy, probability, chance, etc. Course III. — Ethics. Four hours. Spring term. The course includes an application of ultimate Ethical principles to the ordinary conditions of daily life, both for the individual and for the State. Special attention is given to the views held by Spencer, Green, Martineau, Huxley, Hoffding. YEAR BOOK 65 Course IV. — History of Ancient and Mediaeval Philos- ophy. Three hours. The rise and general course of the phil- osophical systems of Greece, and their influence on history. Especial attention to Plato, Aristotle, Epicureanism and Stoicism. Also the course of philosophical development in the middle ages and the theological and social connections therewith. Course V. — History of Modern Philosophy. A considera- tion of the characteristic doctrines of Descartes, Spinoza, Locke, Berkeley, Leibnitz, Hume, Reid, Kant, Hegel, Hamil- ton and the Mills, and the current forms of Sensationalism, Idealism, Skepticism, Mysticism. Course VI. — Three hours. Philosophical Problems and Tendencies of the Present Age. Comparison with those of former times and application to present problems. Course VII. — Applied Psychology. Four hours. Winter term. This is required in the Normal course, but is elective for a degree. Text-book, McLellan. Essay and discussions with reviews of leading pedagogical works. All Normal students visit public schools to study methods of teaching. PEDAGOGY The course of study in this department has been approved by the State Board of Education, and students completing it are entitled to the College Teachers ' State Certificate pro- vided for by Act 136, Laws of 1893. History of Pedagogy. First term. Four hours. Reading of the educational classics and study of the actual conditions from ancient to modern times. Emphasis is laid upon the development of the educational ideal, and the contributions and influence of various periods, countries and men are dis- cussed. The course consists of lectures and reports, and as text-books, Laurie, Painter and Compayre are used. In ad- dition, a critical discussion, necessitating at least thirty hours of research work, is required of each student. 66 ALBION COLLEGE Applied Psychology. Second term. Four hours. An appli- cation of the principles of psychology to the practical work of teaching. Prerequisites, Course I in Psychology. Comparison of American and Foreign School Systems Third term. Two hours. The comparative feature is empha- sized in this work. No attempt is made to treat the countries studied in an absolute way, but continual effort is used to draw such comparisons that the weak points in our domestic system may be made apparent, and that possible remedies- may be discovered. The systems of Germany, France and England offer the best fields and occupy the major portion of the work; but by means of reports, the student is familiarized with the systems of all the important countries of the world. No one text-book is used, but constant reference is made to the Library. Lectures and reports. School Management. Winter term. Two hours. This course will include a survey of Michigan School Law, and will also be concerned with the care of the schoolroom. Special attention will be given to those preparing to be superintendents. Lectures will be based upon White and Tompkins. NORMAL METHODS IN SPECIAL BRANCHES (a) Methods in English. Second term. Two hours. (b) Methods in Physiology and Geography. Third term. Two hours. (c) Methods in Physics. Third term. Two hours. (d) Methods in History. Third term. Two hours. O) Latin Pedagogy. Each term. Two hours. ( ) Normal German. Two hours each term throughout the year. (g) Physical Technics. Two hours per term through- out the year. (h) Methods in Biology. Two hours per term through- out the year. YEAR BOOK 67 The above courses are offered in the various departments. It should be understood, however, that of the above, seven- teen hours have been adopted by the State Board of Education as the official course that is required of all candidates for the State Certificate. This course includes the following: Ap- plied Psychology, 4 hours; History of Education, 4 hours; Educational Systems, 2 hours; Methods in English, 2 hours; Methods in Physiology and Geography, 2 hours ; School Law and Organization, 2 hours; Methods in Nature Study, 1 hour. THE ENGLISH BIBLE The work in this Department is so arranged that the various courses, taken as a whole, give a complete survey of the English Bible, from various points of view. Each course is continuous throughout the year (except as otherwise indicated), and can be begun only in the first term of the course. The number of hours per term is indi- cated in connection with each course. Course I. — The History and Teaching of the Apostolic Church. Two hours. Special attention will be given to the religious, political and social background of the Apostolic period. Open to Freshmen. Course II. — Old Testament History. Two hours. The History of Palestine and Syria will be considered, from the earliest times to the Maccabean period. There will be collat- eral work in archaeology. Open to Sophomores. Course III. — Biblical Masterpieces. Two hours. The English Bible will be studied from the literary point of view. Attention will also be given to the study of the influence of the English Bible upon English Literature. Open to Juniors. Course IV. — Social Teachings of Jesus. Three hours. First term. The course is based upon Peabody ' s Jesus Christ and the Social Question, with supplemental reading, and lectures upon the relation of New Testament teachings to the solution of present day problems. Open to Seniors. 68 ALBION COLLEGE Course V. — Evidences of Christianity. Three hours. Second term. Lectures and recitations. Text, The Grounds of Theistic and Christian Belief, Fisher. Open to Seniors. Course VI. — Historical Geography of the Holy Lands. Stewart ' s Land of Israel, is used as the basis of the work. Collateral reading and illustrated lectures. Three hours. Third term. Open to Seniors and Juniors. Course VII. — Greek Testament. Two hours. Pauline Epistles. Especial attentio n will be given to the grammatical and lexical details of Hellenistic Greek. Texts : Wescott and Hort ' s Greek New Testament, Thayer ' s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament, New Testament Grammar (Moulton, Burton). Collateral work will be assigned in special introduction. Open to students who have had two years of Classical Greek. Course VIII. — English Bible Seminar. One hour. Op- portunity is afforded in the Seminar for original research and critical study of important topics. Reports and theses will be presented for discussion and criticism. Open to College students who have had Courses I and II. Course IX. — Hebrew. Three hours. Harper ' s text-books will be used in this course. Open to College students. The Life of Christ. Two hours. The course will begin with a study of the Maccabean and Roman periods of Jewish History, in order that a clear idea of the historical, political and social background of the Gospel History may be obtained. Open to Preparatory students. GROUPING OF ELECTIVE WORK While the Faculty of Albion College approve strongly of the elective system, it has seemed wise to somewhat restrict elections until the student has come fully in touch with his surroundings and has gained some maturity of mind. Fresh- men and Sophomores are therefore required to make their election according to the following plan: — YEAR BOOK 69 FRESHMEN. English I is required of all Freshmen. , Mathematics I Latin V Biology I Classical Greek 1 Chemistry GROUP A German GROUP B ' Physics J French J Civics f English Bible I Hist, of Civilization or European History Both groups (A and B) must be represented in the sched- ule of each Freshman. SOPHOMORES. The choice of studies for Sophomores is restricted to the following subjects : — English II is required of all Sophomores, beginning with the class of 1909. r Mathematics l Greek I Botany French iBiology I German J Adv ' Zool ° GROUP A m fJ° TT GROUP B European Hist, or Eng. Bible II. ysi ? s , .O-tory teoTomSl At least four hours from each group (A and B) must be represented in the schedule of every Sophomore. COLLEGE WORK TABULATED. Dates in parentheses indicate when courses not offered in 1907-08 will be given. Latin. Greek. Modern Languages. English Language. English Literature. Roman Social and Political Life •••••;• _ Mythology and Religion, Public and Private Life ; Roman Art and Artistic Literature Roman Philosophy Supplementary Roman Lit erature Odyssey; Thucydides: Aeschylus . Sophocles; Euripides; Plato Attic Orators; Drama; Comedy. ...... Pausanias; Neo-Hellenic; Epigraphy. Seminar GERMAN: Course 3 Course 4 Course 5 _.. • • - • • •••« Course 6 (Not given in 1907) Course 8 (Not given Vn) 907-W , Course 9 (Not given in 1907-08) . FRENCH; Course 1 Course 2 Course 3 Course 4 Course 5 Course 6 SPANISH......... TTATJAN (1908-09) Rhetoric and Composition Synonyms Advanced Composition Prose Masterpieces The Nineteenth Century Essay. Writing Forensics Critical Survey of English Literature. Nineteenth Century Poetry Nineteenth Century Prose Theories of Literary Criticism Principles of Criticism Poetics Shakespeare- Development of the Novel Methods in English English Seminar Oratory. History. Principles of Elocution Oratorical Composition Bible, Hymn and Liturgic Reading . History of Europe History of Civilization American History . . -••••• • American History (1908-0U) . English History. ..... ... . Methods in American History (190S-W) . TERMS 1 2 3 4 4 4 4 2 2 3 3 2 J 1 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 4 3 3 Economics. Sociology. Political Science. Mathematics. Astronomy. Physics. Correlated Physics and Chemistry. Chemistry. Economics I Economic Problems (1908-09) ' . Advanced Economics Taxation and Finance Money and Banking (1908-09) ' Labor Problems Trade Unions (1908-09) . . . . . ' . ' . ' Industrial History. . Socialism (1908-09) ..... . . .!!! General Sociology . . Practical Sociology. Liquor Problem Biology. Government in the United States World Politics JPojfficalTheorie s (19o8-09J | . ' ' [ . ' [ ' ' Algebra and Trigonometry Plane Analytic Geometry . Differential and Integral Calculus Plane Surveying Geometrical Conies Advanced Mathematics (course ' to be deter- mmed) General and Practical Astronomy Practical Astronomy .. History of Astronomy. Mechanics Sound Light . ' . . ' . . . ' . . . . ' . ' Magnetism and Electricity I. . Magnetism and Electricity II Heat Primary Batteries . . . . . . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' Electrical Measurements I. . . ' Electrical Measurements II. Methods and Technics . Advance Course (Selection ' to ' be ' made ' from Courses XI, XII, XIII, XIV,) Mineralogy Batteries Electrolysis Sanitary Science ...... Non-Metals Metals and Qualitative Analysis ' Advanced Qualitative Analysis Quantitative Chemistry. Cement Chemistry O rganic Chemistry . ' . ' ' Gas Analysis WW Water Analysis .......... Assaying Volumetric Analysis . ' . ' . WWW. Ultimate Organic Analysis Zoology I Botany Embryology (1908169) ] . ' ] ! . ' . ' ] ' Advanced Zoology. 4or5. oS - echnique: Geology Photography ' ( ' 1908-09 ' ) ' ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . . Philosophy. Normal. English Bible. Psychology Logic Ethics Metaphysics Theism ' . . . . •• • • • • • • History of Modern Philosophy. Applied Psychology History of Education : . . . • • • • • • ■ French and German Educational Systems . School Law and Management Methods in Physiology, etc Methods in English Methods in Physics Methods in History. . . .......... ■ •:: • •: v Methods in Biology (Laboratory Methods) . Normal Latin • Normal German Physical Technics Apostolic Church . . Old Testament History Biblical Masterpieces Greek Testament Social teachings of Jesus. . Evidences of Christianity English Bible Seminar Geography of Palestine . . Hebrew T.ife of Christ Schedule of Recitations For 1907-1908 Figures refer to the days of the week ] Monday 2 Tuesday 3 Wednesday 4 Thursday 5 Friday £t 00 CO H I- O £) 00 VX Cn en Si 8 8 8 S C 9 1 o 2 cng JO } p g p CO co p o w B. 1 1 1 1 B©g C03 CO V,P  -p W Qf co enco n CO CO - V°i i 3 • 3„c $ • M 3 co3 O en co - 3 „ -«§ . W S OSf5 P cut— 1 W CTM 3 H co 55 3 H  Oo j P p tot 1 L4 CO cn3 o cn ' H •« a 5 ,co cn f ,CO n . en h S3 COJ J CO cn3 CO 6©C3 «3 sr ' co? w O- [ a cnH cni—i CD cn t 1 -Si P 3 cnpj £ uiaqo ca - e co uo£) cc - co rf S Quant .£ o«co Chem. cnj cos 2. H « M S i l-g J 8pS £18-1 2. 5 en£ 3 P J 3g co3 $ P 3. co 3 8 CO KA h- h O Cn 0 CO© ■ 3 CO ] 3otany cv 3 co£5 cog. • o en M  - M Lat a . Methods g W hpi  3 S- ' Sir ' Ml O.JJ  5 CO «!§ ' « — ■ 3 td g 3 5 P CO(t M. CO b ffl ft CO r ■1 °£ ► ► on 2- - i CCCO © .co Vwg c JVE. 3-: r - • - 3 s S ' lo ' SI . 1 3 M w • s co s rf p 3 ©■a 3 H c „ M cny MO 3 V5 §1 xi g 1 K r C 2.? CD 3 3 2 r. Q p r 2 r COjji CO 2 sj 3 2 r  1 en HFl 2. cox-p (D « S 3 3 F cn?3 O r « (D O I ft a t ropea istory ,3, 5 Civ.2 3 B 1? co 3 . t bdf rr re co o « « £ o S ' 3 6 W 5 =2 6 eo o 2§ 2 « C ' C pco 3S « J M x HH n - X 0 SI .2 «- J3 ' HO ,_ it .— CO •fieo £co 2 - co -co . M I R .5 « oco So 3 3 . m h c? 4jlO £ 3 . 05 c n3 tp 5 -f « s2 rs ' O o t- Biblical Greek 2,4 Apostolic Church 3.5 3 1- W 1 Bibl. Mast. 1,3 Old Tes. Hist. 2.4 S 3 s o + J .CO gS«T CO w £ . J s - °. spoq aj [ qBT[  © ON 1 CO CO iH tH tf3 3co o « CO ? S «e z, C +jCO 1 s- --J 89 CO O y .1-1 rC CO c.2 00 ocm o „ w e CD CM «w I«uv co w sq H iBn ef f 5 1 i g s CO i lie 1 J O CM GO s co«m CO co bo . W w be o gf«o C 1 .2 co c German I 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Spanish 1, 3, 5 Normal Germ 2,4 5 ,c ► CO „ oco £eo c „ g - Sea Cj CO - J CO Ceo S - _Hcm u S coi« £ .2 s 1— iCv CO ' S CO CO 5 S3tH o co C IO bo « ° US a  oco •JhCO 3 - App. Psych. 1, 2, 3, 4 Logic 2, 3, 4, 5 p fti« f §« 8 8 d 8 tH ta IO 1-4 «M tH CO 9 . 1 CO to M £ 1 O CO CD 8 | 8 CO o 8 vx m CT 8 § m, -2iw °H coSS.cL ...ST 5 o2 0-wjj ©i w 3 M M 11 SO j-J? 0 to 5 o w to o©2. a- c£ C0 1 © c S 9 1 a ' tCHH J rv, P i . art? C « t72to p i-j c • fc0 A3 • 3 „co3 H !J mJ , ™ 2 3 • M l «§ co3 .tog 3 8 cog J ! cog P .wg g HH H M CM Oc y 2 o m eg M J 2 3 CO at ' 3 cor o „„o CO CO --.- 1 s CO tOK HH CO 1 a c - 5q co t CO ©iM coq H m c 3 o Oq co bOP CM to n « -S CO cn jtog. CM 01 m aq CO Qj - r co Volumetric Analysis 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Gas. Anal. 2, 3, 4, 5 - s.S too H- 9o J 8 co gL o - Si coG3 - g 3 COP p c H M Hhq - • 5 fcOM coOfQ C03 £• COO) - p 1— 1« co- co 1 5 ° rf .ei- 3 (D axct £ p « P cn BO CO 01 t- M W - M b3 5 bO M-P Botany 5 k.«iO M c - -g Lab. Methods -« C72 C72 c3 L §13 §la O o O 3 oq ff.w 2 1 M up Co 3 « tU c O ,. O W S g •Si- 1 ■ co£ r u oq ; -mi coo- -1 - B « CO)- ' 3 5 i-i ?tp a E 1-1 ?  f p 1 F 1 a co co O H a - . 02 Schiller 2, 3, 4, 5 German III 2, 3, 4, 5 3 S- ►aSh -« • 8 r q co H 3 GRADUATION The degree of Bachelor of Arts will be conferred upon all persons regularly admitted to the Collegiate department who complete, in accordance with our requirements, the prescribed number of courses. Bachelor of Music is conferred on all who complete the course in Music in addition to a full college course. MASTER ' S DEGREE. The Master ' s degree is not an honorary one and is no longer given in course. It is intended to testify to the recipi- ent ' s actual and ascertained progress in some special lines of post-graduate study. The Master ' s degree will be granted to persons who already have received the Bachelor ' s degree and who finish in a satisfactory manner a course of resident, advanced study in Albion College, for a period of at least one year after gradu- ating. The degree may also be granted, under similar condi- tions, to those spending two years in resident study in a non-professional department of another college, or three years in non-professional study in absentia. The work to be done in the two cases last named must, however, be equivalent in the aggregate to that required of resident graduate students. A Major and two Minor lines of work must be prosecuted, one-half of the total amount of work being upon the Major course. The course of study will be under the direction of the committee on Graduate Instruction, acting with the heads of the departments in which the candidates desire to study. Candidates will be required to present a thesis, and pass a satisfactory examination, either oral or written. 78 ALBION COLLEGE Bachelors of other colleges of satisfactory grade of schol- arship may receive the Master ' s degree after one year ' s resi- dent study under the conditions above specified. In all cases where the work to be done embraces original investigation and research, the candidate may be required also to present exhibits showing the results of such work. Theses and exhibits must be submitted to the committee before the first day of May, and candidates must present themselves for examination during the two weeks prior to Commencement week. The examinations will be public. The fee for the degree will be ten dollars. DIPLOMAS. A graduating diploma is given to the student completing a course of music in the Conservatory. A graduating diploma is granted to each student complet- ing a full course in the Theory and Art of Painting. A diploma is granted to each student completing either the general business course or the shorthand and typewriting course in the commercial department. The above degrees or graduating diplomas are granted only on satisfactory examination and payment of the regular fees. ENROLLMENT AND WORK OF CLASS OFFICERS i. The first day of each term is devoted to the work of enrollment, the regular class exercises beginning on the fol- lowing morning. 2. Class officers are appointed as follows : One each for the Junior and Senior classes, two for the Sophomore class, four for the Freshman class and two for sub-collegiate stu- dents. The duties of these officers are to advise the students as to course of study, and to make out their study tickets. Each study ticket must have the approval of the class officer noted thereon before the bearer will be permitted to enroll YEAR BOOK 79 in classes. These officers are supplied with the arrears cards of those under their charge. 3. The student will take his entrance blank to the treas- urer, who will furnish him a receipt for money paid, retaining the study ticket. 4. Immediately after chapel on the next morning the stu- dent will call at the office and receive cards entitling him to admission to classes. 5. Failure on the part of any student to enroll on the reg- ular day for registration involves an additional fee of one dollar. PRIZES AWARDED ANNUALLY ORATORY. I. — The Berry Prize, established and endowed by the gift of $600 by Bishop Joseph F. Berry, D. D. This prize of $30 a year is awarded to the winner of the first honors in the Annual College Contest in Oratory. The winner also repre- sents the College in the Inter-Collegiate Contest. II. — The Elsie S. Vernor Prize of $20 a year, endowed by Mr. Frank A. Vernor, of Detroit. This prize is awarded to the winner of second honors in the Annual College Con- test ; the winner also becoming the alternate representative of the Inter-Collegiate Contest. III. — The Baldwin Prize in Oratory of $10 a year has been established by the Rev. C. W. Baldwin, of Detroit. IV. — George Bowen Silliman Oratorical Prize. This is an annual prize of $25 established by Mr. L. Silliman, of Albion, in honor of his son who died while a student in College. The prize is open to competition on the part of all Sophomores who have attained a certain degree of excellence in Sophomore English. V.— Mr. and Mrs. C. M. Ranger, of Battle Creek, offer a orize of $20 to the winner of the Horn contest in 19x7 and a like sum in 1908. 80 ALBION COLLEGE BIBLE FELLOWSHIP. This is a permanent fund, the interest of which is used for an annual prize in Bible study. It is expected that in time the Fellowship will become sufficiently large to enable at least one member of each graduating class to spend a year in Biblical research in the American schools in Rome and Jerusalem. Prof. F. S. Goodrich is the treasurer of the fund. SCHOLARSHIPS Scholarships, as an encouragement to meritorious stu- dents and as a recommendation of the highest scholarship, have been founded. The income from these scholarships is sufficient to pay all fees in the Literary department, so that the students receiving these honors may attend College without the payment of any fees whatever to the institution. I. — The Hallock Scholarship, founded by Mr. and Mrs. T. T. Hallock, of Climax. A candidate for the missionary field will receive special consideration in the awarding of this scholarship. II. — The Robinson Scholarship, endowed by Mr. and Mrs. L. W. Robinson, of Battle Creek. Sons and daughters of superannuated ministers will receive special consideration in the awarding of this scholarship. III. — The Ionia Scholarship, endowed by the members of the Methodist Episcopal Church of Ionia, will be awarded to the graduate of the Ionia High School excelling in intellec- tual attainment and moral worth. IV. — The Williams Scholarship, maintained by Mr. C B. Williams, of Alpena. V. — The Shumaker Scholarship, endowed by S. F. and Susan M. Shumaker, of Centerville, preference to be given to students preparing for ministry or the missionary work. VI. — The Hicks Scholarship, founded by Mrs. Alice YEAR BOOK 81 Hicks, of Lexington, and available for a worthy student of either sex. VII. — The Root Scholarship, endowed by Dr. and Mrs. W. W. Root, of Mason. VIII. — The Blackmar Scholarship, endowed by Mrs. E. B. Blackmar, of North Adams. IX. — The Bliss Scholarship, founded by Governor Aaron T. Bliss. X. — The Dwelle-Cook Scholarship, founded by Mrs. Eliza A. Cook, of Hanover. XL — The Wightman Scholarship, founded by Mr. E. B. Wightman, of Fenton. XII. — The Buck Scholarship, founded by Hon. George M. Buck and family, of Kalamazoo. XIII. — The Elizabeth Hoag Memorial Scholarship, to be assigned to such young women as are properly recom- mended and selected by the Woman ' s Foreign Missionary Society. The beneficiaries of this scholarship are to be young women who are already accepted for work in the foreign field under the direction of the Woman ' s Foreign Missionary Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church. This scholar- ship yields more than sufficient to pay the fees of a student and will give considerable financial assistance to those re- ceiving its benefits. XIV.— The John Graham Scholarship, established by Mrs. Mary J. Scudder, late of Grand Rapids, Mich., in honor of the Rev. John Graham, D. D. XV. — The Mary J. Scudder Scholarship, No. i, estab- lished by Mrs. Mary J. Scudder. XVI.— The Mary J. Scudder Scholarship, No. 2, estab- lished by Mrs. Mary J. Scudder. S2 ALBION COLLEGE INTERCOLLEGIATE DEBATES The oratorical committee, under the general supervision of the Professor of English and Oratory, has done excellent work along the line of intercollegiate debates. Albion ' s record for the past six years has been an enviable one in this regard. ALBION ' S RECORD IN DEBATE SINCE 1900. 1900 Albion Allegheny Albion 1901 Meadville, Pa Allegheny Albion 1902 Alma, Mich Alma Albion 1902 Albion De Pauw Albion 1903 Albion Lawrence Albion 1903 Fayette, la Upper Iowa Albion 1903 Greencastle, Ind.. . De Pauw De Pauw 1904 Albion Upper Iowa Albion 1904 Appleton, Wis. . . Lawrence Lawrence 1905 Albion Washington and Jefferson Albion 1905 Albion Kalamazoo Albion 1906 Richmond, Ind Earlham Albion 1906 Meadville, Pa Allegheny Allegheny 1906 Albion Illinois Wesleyan Albion CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC PURPOSE OF THE CONSERVATORY. The Conservatory of Music was organized for the purpose of giving instruction and practice in all branches of musical education, and to cultivate a taste for that which is essentially good and ennobling in the art. With this purpose in view, no superficial methods are tolerated by the management. Teachers of wide experience and unquestionable reputation are employed. LOCATION AND EQUIPMENT. The Conservatory is located in the South or Chapel Building of Albion College. The entire building is devoted to the Conservatory. The rooms for recitations are large, well lighted, well ventilated and well heated. On the second floor is a fine recital hall, with a seating capacity for six hundred people. The equipment of this hall includes a large two man- ual Hook and Hastings pipe organ and concert Grand Weber piano, and a spacious stage which gives every advantage for orchestral and choral concerts, as well as recitals for faculty and students. ADVANTAGES OF STUDY IN A CONSERVATORY. There is undoubtedly a great advantage in college over private instruction. The number of musicians working to- gether without any other matters to take their attention, the number of students working industriously and earnestly to- gether, intent upon attaining the highest proficiency, the ex- change of ideas, the concerts, recitals, lectures, etc., all create a musical atmosphere which stimulates the student to the highest effort FREE PRIVILEGES. In Albion Conservatory the students have the advantage 84 ALBION COLLEGE of appearing in recital work. The Choral Union connected with the Conservatory is free to all students. There is also an orchestra connected with the College, to which all students who are sufficiently advanced are eligible. Weekly rehearsals are held of both chorus and orchestra. The experience and drill under so eminent a conductor as Dr. Chace are of the greatest value, especially to those pre- paring for professional work. Musical history free to students taking the full work in the Conservatory. The Library, which contains 17,000 volumes and all lead- ing periodicals of the day, is free to the students in the Con- servatory. There is a well-equipped gymnasium with general instruc- tion by competent teachers throughout the year, which is free to the students of the Conservatory. CONCERTS AND RECITALS. Pupils ' Recitals will be given every Thursday during the academic year. CHORAL UNION The Choral Union (Chorus and Orchestra) give occa- sional concerts. At these concerts oratorios, cantatas, and the higher order of choruses will be sung, accompanied by orchestra and pipe organ. Advanced pupils will be given the opportunity of singing solos in these concerts. Famous artists will be brought to the College to enable the students to hear the best music interpreted by the foremost musicians of the day. REQUIREMENTS FOR GRADUATION. In order to graduate, two studies are required of the stu- dent, one of which must be the theory of music, harmony, counterpoint and musical history; the other study may be chosen from the following branches, viz., piano, voice, pipe organ, violin, viola and wind instruments. Candidates for graduation should present their petitions to the Conservatory faculty for consideration at least one year .Chopin YEAR BOOK 85 before commencement. Action taken upon such petitions will be based principally upon the musical ability of the applicant. Diplomas are granted by the Trustees of the College to graduates of the Conservatory. Candidates for graduation must give a creditable public performance of a program of the difficulty indicated by the following models : — PIANO FORTE. I. Sonata, Op. 13 Beethoven II. (a) Prelude and Fugue Bach (b) Rondo Haydn III. (a) Nocturne, Op. 37, No. 2. , (b) Valse, Op. 64, No. 2 (c) Polonaise, Op. 26, No. 1. (d) Ballade, Op. 47 IV. (a) If I were a Bird Henselt (b) Berceuse Mason (c) Etude de Concert, Op. 36 MacDowell (d) Magic Fire Scene Wagner-Brassin V. Rhapsodie Liszt VOICE. Song Recital for Soprano. (Same degree of difficulty for all voices.) Farewell Ye Mountains, from Jeanne d ' Arc . .Tschaikowski f Schubert ! Schumann Group of Songs (German) Pram [ Brahms Aria from The Creation Haydn ( Rossini Group of Songs (Italian) • Leoncavallo ( Verdi ( A Hit sen Group of Songs (English) Sullivan ( El gar 86 ALBION COLLEGE f MacDowell ! Paine America -j Buck I Foote [_ Chadwick A complete Oratorio. VIOLIN. I. Sonata Gade II. Concerto Mendelssohn III. Zigeunerweisen Sarasate IV. (a) Aria Bach (b) Hungarian Dance Brahms ORGAN. Prelude in G . S. Bach Toccata and Fugue in D minor . S. Bach Marche Religieuse Alex. Guilmant Adagio from a Sonata Gustav Merkel Sonata Rheinberger At Evening Dudley Buck On the Coast Dudley Buck Lohengrin (Orchestral transcription) Wagner DIPLOMAS Diplomas are awarded to candidates passing the final ex- amination in any of the following departments, namely, piano- forte, voice, pipe organ, musical theory, violin, violoncello and orchestral instruments. Those graduating in voice or instrumental must first pass examinations in Harmony and Counterpoint. PUBLIC SCHOOL MUSIC, SIGHT SINGING. The demand for competent teachers in elementary har- mony and sight singing, as supervisors of music in public schools, has made it necessary to establish a department where thorough knowledge of the subject may be gained. This course consists of two lessons per week, given in lectures on methods and practical lessons in elementary harmony, sight reading and simple rules for proper use of voice. YEAR BOOK 87 TEACHER ' S COURSE A special normal course has been arranged for students desiring to obtain a Teacher ' s Diploma in pianoforte, voice and other departments. This diploma ranks the same in merit as that of the Artists ' course, and involves the same training during the first years of study. The last year of the Teachers ' course, the student directs his attention mainly toward acquiring the best methods of imparting musical knowledge. In order to make the instruction thoroughly practical, pupils of various grades are utilized, thus affording the normal students the advantage of doing actual teaching under the supervision of an experienced master. The normal training involved in preparing for gradua- tion necessitates at least one year ' s attendance at the Con- servatory. POST-GRADUATE COURSE. A Post-graduate course has been arranged for graduates who desire to reach a higher standard of excellence. The technical, intellectual and artistic requirements are consid- rably greater than those for graduation. A prominent object in this course is to provide the student artist with a varied repertoire suited to his musical individuality and to his needs as a public performer. SCHOOL OF PAINTING The primary object of this department is to arouse in the pupil a sense of the beautiful, and when that sense has been called forth, to enable him to adequately express it by means of some artistic production. A further object is to conduct the pupil with thoroughness from the simplest rudiments up to a knowledge of the higher branches of art, giving, as far as possible, a perfect understanding of all the work entered upon. It will be seen by reference to the Course of Study in Painting, that the student receives instruction in the ele- mentary courses of drawing. These can be taken in the class with others who are in this and the Literary departments. Then, special and individual attention is given to the study of object drawing, drawing from casts, perspe ctive, landscape, figure, flower and fruit painting, in oil, water colors and pas- tel ; and to decorative painting and design. The Art department connected with the College adds much to the needed practical side of education. Professor Thompson, of the Worcester Technical Schools, tells us that a boy who spends two hours a week in drawing, and the rest of the time in working at the bench, learns his business faster, and becomes more skilful in it, than one who works all the time. Again, It is calculated that the pro- ductive efficiency of every machine shop would be increased thirty-three per cent, if every journeyman could read any common working drawing and work by it. But it is well known that art study, besides having tangi- ble value in its relation to manufacture, is designed to pro- mote improvement in taste. The highest and best purpose of any attainment is that which ministers to the intellectual and spiritual wants of man. A work of art is the harmonious and beautiful arrange- YEAR BOOK 89 ment of certain lines, spaces and colors. In order that the in- genuity and originality of the student, as well as his appre- ciation of the beautiful, may be fostered, he is required to study composition which deals entirely with such arrange- ments. The sketch class works out of doors in the Fall and Spring terms, and during the Winter term a life sketch class is conducted. Landscape study from nature is much more easily and agreeably accomplished here at Albion than in the large cities, as the College buildings are located near the open country, and many beautiful scenes are found along the Kala- mazoo River, not a quarter of a mile from the studio. As far as possible, the instruction in this department is individual, thereby insuring to each pupil a greater amount of attention than could be given in class work. Students or pupils outside the College may enter at any time during the year by making special arrangements with the head of the department. METHOD AND SCOPE OF WORK. Fifteen hours per week. Course I. — Beginning with outline drawing in charcoal from simple objects. Course II. — Drawing in charcoal from simple casts, cubes, spheres, etc., with instruction in perspective. Course III. — Outlining and shading from casts of dif- ferent parts of the human figure, and perspective talks. Course IV. — Drawing from still life and simple casts, in charcoal. Course V. — Head and figure antique cast work. Course VI. — Full length antique figure work. Still life color work. Course VII. — Antique work. Charcoal work from nature. Course VIII. — Color and black and white work from nature. Course IX. — Color work from nature, and black and white work from living models. 90 ALBION COLLEGE Course X. — Color work from living models. Composition is absolutely required. Illustration will be given to five or more pupils. Theory of Art. — Comparative Aesthetics with lectures on color, composition, tone values and the different media em- ployed in painting. Third term. Two hours. NORMAL COURSE. In connection with the Art department Miss Woolsey has established a course of normal training for teachers, which will include the drawing taught in the public schools. She has had experience as supervisor of drawing in the Saginaw West Side Schools for fifteen years, having seventy to eighty teachers under her supervision. This department is organized for teachers who wish to make a thorough study of color, form and drawing, also blackboard illustrating. j . J THE SCHOOL OF BUSINESS Is located in pleasant and well-equipped rooms occupying the first floor in the North College building. The object of this department is twofold: — i. It gives to all who may wish to engage in business pursuits an opportunity to fit themselves in the most practical manner possible. 2. It affords an opportunity to all students at their option to take some work in the Commercial or Shorthand courses as a part of any literary course, and receive some credit for the same. Any one with good moral character and sufficient ability to pursue the prescribed studies can enter at any time and pur- sue any study he desires. The instruction in bookkeeping, penmanship, shorthand, typewriting, etc., is largely individual, and so may be taken up with profit at any time. COURSES OF STUDY OUTLINED BUSINESS COURSE. FIRST TERM. SECOND TERM. THIRD TERM. Bookkeeping and Business Practice. English Grammar. Penmanship. Com ' l Arithmetic. Correspondence. Spelling. Bookkeeping and Business Practice. English Grammar. Penmanship. Com ' l Arithmetic. Commercial Law. Spelling. Bookkeeping and Office Work. Penmanship. Com ' l Arithmetic. Civil Government. Com ' l Geography. Spelling. 92 ALBION COLLEGE SHORTHAND COURSE. FIRST TERM. Shorthand. Typewriting. Spelling. Penmanship. English. Business Correspon- dence and Punctu- ation. SECOND TERM Shorthand. Typewriting. Spelling. Penmanship. English. Business Correspon- dence and Punctu- ation. THIRD TERM. Shorthand Dictation. Spelling. Penmanship. Typewriting. Office Work. Reporting. Note. — Either of the above courses may be completed in two terms of twelve weeks each. BUSINESS-SHORTHAND COURSE. FIRST TERM. SECOND TERM. THIRD TERM. Bookkeeping. Shorthand. Typewriting. Penmanship. Corr espondenc e. Spelling. Bookkeeping and Business Practice. Shorthand. Typewriting. Penmanship. Spelling and Punctuation. Office Work. Shorthand Dictation. Typewriting. Penmanship. Spelling and Punctuation. ADVANCED BUSINESS COURSE. This course takes up where our Business course leaves off, and only those who are graduates of an approved high school or its equivalent and have completed a Business course will be permitted to enter upon this work. The course in- cludes one year ' s study and is outlined as follows : — THE COURSE OUTLINED. FIRST TERM. SECOND TERM. THIRD TERM. Advanced Advanced Advanced Bookkeeping. Bookkeeping. Bookkeeping. Political Economy. Banking and Constitutional Law. English. Finance. English. Office Methods. English. Advertising. Penmanship. Office Methods. Penmanship. Penmanship. Note. — In addition to the above, the candidate must elect a year ' s study in Shorthand and Typewriting or German. YEAR BOOK 93 ACTUAL BUSINESS. Every student taking a course with us has a thorough practice in actual business training. The plan we adopt in- sures a complete drill in office training, and is conceded to be the best system ever adopted. It is as nearly like real business as any method possible. It is real business, with real indi- viduals. This scheme works admirably. It fascinates the student from the beginning, holds his closest attention and calls out his best efforts. It teaches him the custom os, forms, correspondence and practice of business as can be done in no other way. All buying and selling is done upon the markets, a daily report of which is on file where all can consult it. Every business form, such as notes, drafts, checks, invoices, receipts, bills of lading, account sales, statements, etc., and every variety of business letters are called into use, receive the same prompt and careful attention that is required in actual business. In order to carry on this work, our school is provided with BANKING, COMMISSION, TRANSPORTATION AND WHOLESALING facilities. In this department the student is given work to do and is advanced from time to time until he has filled the various positions in each. The subordinate positions vacated by him as he is advanced are recruited from the theory class. To carry on this work successfully, we have our office depart- ment provided with large office books, necessary blanks, letter- press, etc. The work in the various offices the student finds exceedingly interesting and profitable to him. The responsible positions in which he is placed from time to time in each, teach him the many responsibilities falling upon those who are engaged in positions in real business. 94 ALBION COLLEGE OUTLINE OF OTHER STUDIES. Business Arithmetic. — Much prominence is given to this subject in our course, and aside from the regular textbook work we endeavor to make the student proficient in this direction by means of class drills in rapid calculations and short methods. Commercial Law. — Instruction in this subject is by means of lectures on the various subjects and thorough class work, in which a most excellent text-book is used. The subjects to which especial attention is given are contracts, negotiable paper, agency, partnership, shipping, insurance, liens, real estate conveyance, etc. Grammar and Correspondence. — The student is in- structed and drilled in the form and composition of all kinds of business letters. Civil Government. — It is important that the student re- ceive thorough instruction in this branch, in order to be able to assume the duties of citizenship. Commercial Geography. — Deals with the interchange of commercial products, and the interdependence of nations, some things about the countries and localities where the raw materials are found, how the latter are obtained, what the processes of manufacture are, what rate home consump- tion bears to export, etc. Business Writing. — We teach a plain, bold, rapid busi- ness hand, such as is called for in correspondence and book- keeping work. We aim at neatness, legibility and rapidity, to the total exclusion of all superfluous lines and flourishes. Spelling. — In teaching spelling we use a series of lessons forming a complete collection of difficult common and busi- ness words, with definitions, pronunciations, and rules con- cerning capitals. SHORTHAND DEPARTMENT. The demand by business concerns, literary men and YEAR BOOK 95 -women, etc., for young men and women to act as stenog- raphers and typewriters, is constantly increasing. We teach both of these branches most thoroughly in our business de- partment. We use the Graham System of Shorthand because our in- vestigation leads us to the conclusion that the Graham Short- hand is the best system in use. The main reasons are these : (i) It is the oldest system in this country. (2) It is the briefest system. (3) It is in more general use than any other system. Thirty- four of the thirty-seven official stenographers in this State are Graham writers. There are more followers of this system, and more persons writing it today than all other systems combined. Business men recognize these facts and have a decided preference for Graham writers. The prospective student in shorthand will do well to ponder on these things. Four-fifths of the persons who apply to us for stenog- raphers and typewriters desire some one who is a good, plain writer and can assist as bookkeeper and in other office work. Hence it is greatly to one ' s advantage to pursue the study of shorthand and typewriting in a school where thorough in- struction in bookkeeping, business forms, penmanship and office methods may be received at the same time. Business men and others desiring the services of stenographers demand that they have a thorough knowledge of the English branches. We have excellent facilities for giving thorough instruction, to those who need it, in all of these branches without extra charge to the student. SPEED CLASS. Our classification is such that persons who have mastered the principles of shorthand, through self-study, or who are writers of kindred systems can be placed in such classes as will meet their needs and insure their advancement. We will admit into our Speed Class students of Pitman, Munson, Longley, Haven, and other varieties of shorthand and give them valuable aid without requiring them to change their style of writing. 96 ALBION COLLEGE TYPEWRITING. Special care and attention are given to the students in this work under the direction of an expert operator. Each stu- dent is assigned a definite amount of work until a certain proficiency is reached with ability to handle and rapidly exe- cute the various requirements of office work. He is also thor- oughly instructed in the proper use and care of the machine We use only standard machines in our school ; the Remington, Fox and Smith-Premier have the preference. We teach the latest method — the Touch System. The work in Grammar, Correspondence and spelling is the same as outlined in the regular Commercial Course. DIPLOMA AND POSITION. Upon the satisfactory completion of the prescribed Busi- ness or Shorthand course, the student is granted a diploma. We do not guarantee positions to our graduates, but we always take pleasure in recommending or aiding a worthy student, who is well qualified, in every effort to secure a sit- uation. There is an increasing demand for amanuenses and bookkeepers who are willing to work, and one who thoroughly prepares himself is sure of obtaining profitable employment; in fact, we stand ready to assist such to a position. We have, during the past year, assisted many of our stu- dents to positions, and could have located many more had we possessed the proper material. We do all we can for our students. SPECIAL ADVANTAGES. This school being one of the departments of Albion Col- lege, it possesses several advantages not found elsewhere. The benefits to be derived from attending the College literary societies are inestimable. Some of the best musicians and most eminent lecturers may be heard here each term. The College Library, containing sixteen thousand volumes, may be used by all students. A fully equipped gymnasium, open and free to all students. For rates of tuition, see table of expenses. YEAR BOOK 97 BOOKS AND STATIONERY. The books and stationery required for the Commercial course cost about $8 to $10. For the Shorthand and Type- writing, about $2 to $3. The Penmanship course will require only a few quires of good paper, pens and ink, that will cost but a small sum. We request all persons who contemplate entering a school of this kind to call on us, inspect the workings of the school, or write us before entering any similar institution. Address William R. Pitkin, Principal, Albion, Mich. DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION This department today is considered a most necessary one in all colleges. It is known that gymnastic training can be so wisely prosecuted that the strength of physical manhood may grow with as much certainty and regularity as the in- tellect develops under systematic and vigorous study. College students, leading a sedentary life, as they necessarily do, find great value in such exercises as are practiced in a well- ordered gymnasium. General instruction in the Gymnasium is given throughout the year. Enduring strength, activity and grace are the essen- tials striven for, and these, not through feats replete with danger and calling for sustained and arduous work, but rather through exercises that are safe and beneficial to the partici- pant. The director will be pleased to give physical examina- tions to any desiring them, also to give personal instruction to individuals at any time. Special attention is given to all branches of outdoor sports. It is well known that the terms gymnastics and athletics are not synonymous. The latter is often carried to an extreme that is decidedly harmful; but under the supervision of our director we are sure that outdoor sports can be so conducted as to promote health while they contribute to college spirit. The whole athletic life of the College is under the supervision of a faculty committee, which, working with the student man- agement, compels a high standard of class work and makes every effort to reach the highest ideals of morality and purity in all branches of athletics. Through the generous gift of Mr. John Winter and Dr. Oliver H. Lau, of Detroit, supplemented by the gifts of stu- YEAR BOOK 9£ dents and friends, a large Athletic Field of twelve acres adjacent to the northern branch of the Kalamazoo River, within two blocks of the Gymnasium, has been purchased. The field provides excellent opportunities for all athletic sports. WOMEN ' S DEPARTMENT Two years, two terms each, are required of all literary students before graduation. All students taking the work are required to wear the reg- ulation suit and to attend class regularly. This suit, costing about $5, includes all the expenses demanded by the practical work. (Students will find it less expensive and more desirable to secure suits after reaching here.) Each student on entering the gymnasium is given a phys- ical examination that the director may ascertain what are the especial needs and deficiencies of each student, and all care is taken to insure benefit from the exercises and prevent all possible injuries. The work is carefully graded and progress- ive, so that no undue strain shall be put upon those who are physically unfit to take the heaviest work. However, if a student is not able to take any part of the work, she may, on consulting with the director, be excused during the period of disability. PHYSICAL TRAINING I. The work of the first year is entirely developmental and corrective. The Swedish system is used as a basis, and pre- cision and exactness are demanded. Course A. All students are required to begin with Course A. It covers the work of the Fall term and includes light Swedish gymnastics, gymnastic games and lectures on gymnastics and general hygiene. Course B. — Winter term. Course B presupposes Course A. Dumb-bell exercises, marching and basket-ball are taken up; also one lecture a 100 ALBION COLLEGE week is given on the anatomy and mechanics of bodily move- ment. Course C. — Spring term, elective. Course C presupposes Course A. It includes wand exer- cises, Indian club swinging, and work on apparatus assigned to correct individual defects. PHYSICAL TRAINING II. This includes the work of the second year. The exercises are more highly co-ordinated than that of Physical Training I. Exercises are used which will give a more complete mastery and control over the bodily movements. Course A. — Fall term. Advanced work in Swedish gymnastics is given, also fancy steps and games. Course B. — Winter term. This includes work with Indian clubs, bounding balls and the long poles. Course C. — Spring term, elective. Exercises with hoops and wands are given, also some of the old Swedish Folk Drills are taught. EXPENSES COLLEGE AND PREPARATORY SCHOOL. Incidental fee, per term $10.00 Matriculation fee, paid but once for the whole course. . . 5.00 Graduation fee, Literary Department 10.00 Graduation fee, Conservatory 6.00 FOR MASTER ' S DEGREE. Enrollment fee $10.00 . ,. , (Major $15.00 Examination fees 1 ,,. , Minors, each 5.00 Diploma fee 10.00 NORMAL COURSE. Tuition, for the course, if paid in advance $6.00 If paid by the term as work is taken — for whole course. . 8.00 CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC. PIANO. Tuition given below includes incidental fees. Private lessons, twice a week, from the Director — Fall term $30.00 Winter term 28.00 Spring term 28.00 Private lessons, once a week, from the Director — Fall term $16.00 Winter term 15.00 Spring term 15.00 Private lessons, twice a week, from other instructors — Fall term $25.00 Winter term 23.00 Spring term 23.00 Private lessons, once a week — 102 ALBION COLLEGE Fall term $13.00 Winter term 12.00 Spring term 12.00 ORGAN. Fees same as above. VOICE. Fees same as above. VIOLIN, CELLO, VIOLA. Fees same as above, for beginners. Ten per cent increase for advanced pupils. HARMONY AND COUNTERPOINT. Two lessons per week, per term $6.00 SIGHT SINGING AND PUBLIC SCHOOL MUSIC. Fees same as above. ORCHESTRA AND BAND. Instruction Free- Rent of Pipe Organ, one hour daily, with power $10.00 SCHOOL OF PAINTING. Incidentals, per term $ 3.50 Instruction three hours daily, per term 20.00 Instruction two hours daily, per term 15.00 Instruction one hour daily, per term 10.00 SCHOOL OF BUSINESS. Business Course, Fall term $20.00 Business Course, subsequent terms 18.00 Shorthand Course, Fall term 20.00 Shorthand Course, subsequent terms 18.00 Business-shorthand Course, per term 25.00 Besides the regular courses there will be classes to accom- modate those from other departments who wish to take special work as follows : — Bookkeeping and Business Practice, per term $10.00 Bookkeeping, per term, five hours a week 6.00 Bookkeeping, per term, three hours a week 4.0O ' Penmanship, per term, five hours a week 3.50 YEAR BOOK 103 Penmanship, per term, three hours a week 2.50 Commercial Arithmetic, five hours a week 4.00 Commercial Law, four hours a week 4.00 Typewriting, per term, five hours a week 6.00 Shorthand, alone, per term, five hours a week 10.00 Shorthand, alone, per term, five hours a week (for col- lege students) 6.00 Graduation Fee, one course 3.00 Graduation Fee, two courses 5.00 GENERAL STATEMENTS No part of incidentals or tuition in any department is refunded when student leaves before the end of the term, un- less by special arrangement. Payment of incidentals entitles the student to the use of the Gymnasium and instruction in gymnastics, use of bath, etc., without additional charge. The following points are worth noting: — 1. Some students find opportunities for manual labor by which they defray expenses of board in part or in full. 2. Very largely students form boarding clubs, in connec- tion with which the cost is about $2.35 a week. These clubs are managed on a principle to secure excellent board at some- thing below usual rates. 3. Board costs in private families usually about two dol- lars and fifty cents a week, in some places less than this. Rooms are provided at fifty to seventy-five cents a week. THE EMPLOYMENT BUREAU. For several years a systematized effort has been made to provide work for students desiring it. Through the kindly co-operation of people in the city, employment has been given to a considerable number of students. All students desiring employment should register or correspond with the committee as early as possible. There are no fees charged by the bureau. The members of the committee are Professors Frederic S. Goodrich, Delos Fall and Mrs. Helen K. Scripps. APPOINTMENT COMMITTEE. The faculty undertakes to serve our students and espec- YEAR BOOK 105 ially members of the graduating class in the matter of secur- ing suitable positions. To this end an appointment committee has been designated and this committee will endeavor to ascer- tain the existence of vacancies and to bring together school officers in search of suitable teachers and candidates whom the committee can recommend as qualified to fill the given posi- tions. The chairman of the committee is Professor Delos Fall. CLOSING EXAMINATIONS. 1. Except by a special arrangement approved by vote of the faculty, all students must be present at examinations and the closing recitations of the term, or no credit will be given for the work pursued. 2. Students absenting themselves from the closing or examination work will not, unless such absence was caused t y sickness or other unavoidable conditions, be allowed to take the omitted examinations until they occur in regular order with the next class. 3. All conditions or incompletes must be removed within a year from the date of the examination in order to obtain credit without again taking the work in class. ATTENDANCE. 1. Persons coming to Albion for the purpose of entering any department of the College are subject to its government from the time of their arrival; and whenever a student has entered College, he is under its jurisdiction until his con- nection is formally closed by graduation or otherwise. 2. Uninterrupted attendance upon College duties during term time is required. Under ordinary circumstances visiting home or friends is discouraged. 3. No student is permitted to leave town without permis- sion of the President or Dean. 106 ALBION COLLEGE CHAPEL SERVICE. On each school day, religious services are held in the College Chapel, which all students are required to attend. Disregard of this regulation works forfeiture of member- ship in the institution. Aside from the benefits to be derived from these devotional services, the students have an oppor- tunity each day to meet the President and Faculty for guid- ance in their work. The unity of movement and the largest efficiency in the prosecution of their studies cannot be secured without the daily convening of all the students. CHURCH ATTENDANCE. On Sunday morning, students are required to attend public worship at such church as they or their parents or guardians may select, and each student is expected to be uni- form in his attendance at the church of his choice. On Thurs- day evening is held the general weekly prayer-meeting, which,, though a voluntary service, is attended by a majority of the students. SOCIETIES. No literary or other society can exist in connection with the institution, unless by permission granted after the con- stitution and by-laws of the same shall have been submitted to the Faculty for examination, and shall have received their approval. Whenever the workings of any society shall be deemed prejudicial to the interests of the institution, such society shall be dissolved. The times and places of the meetings of the societies will be subject to regulation by the Faculty; and all meetings, whether of secular societies or any other body of students,, shall be open for the attendance of any member of the Faculty or of the Board of Trustees. YEAR BOOK 107 No society in the College may invite any lecturer to ad- dress them in public until the name of the proposed lecturer shall have been laid before the President, and he shall have given permission to extend the invitation. There are six literary societies connected with the Col- lege, the Eclectic and Atheniaedes Society, the Sorosis, the Athenaeum, the Zetalethian, the Forum and the Pierian. These organizations are expected to do work up to the grade of College culture, — essays, orations, debates, literary criticism. There are also two largely attended literary societies in the Preparatory School open to all students not enrolled in the College proper. The literary societies have fitted up elegant apartments in which to hold their weekly meetings. CLUBS. Students and members of the faculty especially interested in particular lines of work indicated below, have organized and are managing clubs as follows : The Biological Club, the Pedagogical Club and the Physico-chemical Club. The names of these organizations indicate the character of the work done and they invariably prove helpful to students who are special- izing or who are preparing themselves for the teacher ' s pro- fession. ORATORICAL COMMITTEE. At the end of each term every College literary society elects a member to the Oratorical Committee. This organiza- tion, consisting of nine members, is responsible for the College oratorical or debating interests, and has in charge the annual Mock Congress, and such other interests as concern the work of literary societies. CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATIONS. I- — The Young Men ' s Christian Association was organized 108 ALBION COLLEGE several years ago, and is having a vigorous life. It offers a splendid opportunity for all young men in the College to secure religious instruction and Christian growth, and to do personal religious work. The Young Woman ' s Christian Association furnishes simi- lar opportunities for young women and is especially favored in having a well located and well furnished room in Robinson Hall, placed entirely at its command for religious and social meetings. II. — In addition to the Bible instruction given by the Faculty, six or eight courses are offered during the year in each association. In these classes over two hundred students are enrolled. Most prominent among these courses is Studies in the Life of Christ, under Professor Goodrich. Other courses offered are Studies in the Psalms, Prophecies, Acts and the Gospels. Very helpful in the training of Christian workers are the Bible training classes in methods. III. — Careful attention is given to the study of missions. A mission class is maintained throughout the year, in which excellent courses in the History and Methods of Missions and in Missionary Biography are pursued. To supply the needs of these classes, each association sends from two to five students to the Lake Geneva Summer School for special training. The Mission Band consists of ' Volunteers, who propose to enter the foreign work. The social work of the associations is by no means a small feature. At the opening of the school year all trains are met by committees from each association, and all possible assist- ance is given in securing rooms and board, enrolling, etc. The Association information bureau seeks to give all needed information to new students. The associations are strictly in- terdenominational, thoroughly and practically Christian, and genuinely helpful. YEAR BOOK 109 CO-OPERATIVE ASSOCIATION. One of the great items of expense to a college student is books. He must read much and read thoroughly. In order to do this well he must not depend on borrowed books, but must have books of his own to which he may refer frequently. The Albion College Co-operative Association was organ- ized December, 1893, for the purpose of furnishing text-books and all other books to the students, Faculty and alumni at reduced rates. From the first, the association has had phenomenal suc- cess. It has reduced the price of books from ten to forty per cent, and at the same time has been put upon a firm, paying basis, as it has the hearty support of the student body. During the short time it has been doing business it has sold nearly $22,000 worth of books, all of which have been sold directly to the students and members of the Faculty. There is a growing tendency on the part of the students to form libraries of standard books, and thus their work in the classroom is greatly facilitated. Any book may be pro- cured through the association, whether it is kept in stock or not. We have at present five hundred members. Upon the pay- ment of a fee of one dollar, any student or former student is entitled to life membership, with all the privileges attaching thereunto, including discount upon all books purchased. HONORS, CLASS OF 1906. Valedictorian. — Edith G. Bolster. Salutatorian. — Robert E. Baldwin. HONOR LIST. Read on Commencement Day, 1906. Akin, R. Ernest. Baldwin, Robert E. Bolender, J. Edson. 110 ALBION COLLEGE Challis, Bertha M. Evans, Don C. Fitchett, Frank F. Martin, Eathel A. Sdunek, Ottelia. ' Weller, Carl V. Pierson, Fay H. Walker, Harry E. CANDIDATES FOR GRADUATION DEGREE OF A. B. Akin, R. Ernest Babcock, A. Lulu Becker, Charles C. Cross, J. Estella Curry, Caleb C. Day, Agnes A. Dobson, Carrie E. Dobson, Robert J. Elder, Martin P. Engle, Alithea I. Evans, Don Carl Farley, Fred L. Fitchett, Frank F. Fowler, Charles B. Freeman, Jeanette Fuller, Inez L. Gardner, Raymond H. Humiston, Walter Husted, Roy E. Hutchins, Edith Keast, Louis Larime, Mae Lowry, Paul Maynard, Floyd R. McCall, James E. Merrill, Ray W. Newell, Georgia E. Norton, P. Ray Odium, Wendell A. Osborne, Isaac Schneider, Ola Shaffer, Clara Belle Sherff, Earl E. Sumner, G. Lynn Towsley, William R. Wesbrook, Emma C. Wright, Wallace G. CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC. PIANO. Bradford, Elsie VOICE. Blanchard, Jessie Gillett, Alvin Rolston, Racelia K. 112 ALBION COLLEGE Hill, Olah Cross, J. Estella Fuller, Inez L. Dobson, Carrie Brown, Lillian ART DEPARTMENT. ART COURSE. Hungerford, Ethel NORMAL ART. Huckle, Elsie Kemp, M. Hazel Newell, Georgia E. Newcomer, Daisie Wesbrook, Emma SCHOOL OF BUSINESS. Breakey, Floyd E. BUSINESS COURSE. Cook, Robert W. Mathewson, Linn H. BUSINESS-SHORTHAND. Carey, Melvin I. Funk, William B. Kosmider, Frank H. Needham, Howard H. Niles, Loie E. Parks, Daniel Baker, Mary E. Bangham, Belle D. Bliss, Addison L. Carey, William A. Crowley, Clement F. Dewey, Elizabeth H. Eslow, Hazel Gillett, Alvin Jones, Fred D. Parks, Delivan Shepherd, Frank Shook, Howard J. Snyder, Fred C. Taylor, Laura B. Tingay, John A. Warren, Ray G. SHORTHAND. Ladd, Mary Lucille Martin, Morris Miller, Karl H. Sherk, Ella E. Steffe, Nellie J. Sumner, G. Lynn Treloar, Bennett Waggoner, Estelle G. Warrick, Maude L. EAR BOOK US CANDIDATES FOR STATE TEACHERS CERTIFICATES. Babcock, A. Lulu Hutchins, Edith Cross, J. Estella Keast, Louis Day, Agnes A. Larime, Mae Dobson, Carrie E. Lowry, Paul Dobson, Robert J. Merrill, Ray W. Elder, Martin P. Newell, Georgia E. Evans, Don Carl Norton, P. Ray Farley, Fred L. Schneider, Ola Fowler, Charles B. Sherff, Earl E. Fuller, Inez L. Towsley, William R. Humiston, Walter Wesbrook, Emma C. PURSUING POST-GRADUATE STUDIES. Name. Residence. Brown, Charles F National Mine. Combs, J. Wesley Los Angeles, Calif. Deal, Clarence E LaGrande, Oregon. Dixon, Margaret Wyoming, Ills. Foy, John W Martin. Kennedy, Hugh Mt. Pleasant. Lancaster, Archibald A Hartford, Conn. Lescohier, Don D Grand Ledge. Martin, Arba Petoskey. Moon, Lewis N Bay City. Morell, LeGrand Pentwater. Pollock, Cecil E Shepherd. Rufus, W. Carl Dryden. Steele, Edgar A Abingdon, Ills. Strike, John J Atlantic Mine. Weyant, James E Calumet. 114 ALBION COLLEGE COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS. SENIORS. Name. Residence. Akin, R. Ernest Albion. Babcock, A. Lulu Albion. Becker, Charles C Albion. Bolen, Roy J Bayne. Cleland, Ethel Frankfort, N. Y. Cross, J. Estella Mason. Curry, Caleb C Albion. Day, Agnes A Bay City. Dobson, Carrie E Parma. Dobson, Robert J Parma. Elder, Martin P Petersburg. Engle, Alithea I Allegan. Evans, Don Carl Howard City. Farley, Fred L Battle Creek. Fitchett, Frank F Detroit. Fowler, Charles B Eaton Rapids. Freeman, Jeannette Mt. Pleasant. Fuller, Inez L Albion. Gardner, Raymond H Albion. Humiston, Walter Ransom. Husted, Roy E Flint. Hutchins, Edith. Hanover. Keast, Louis Pensilva, Eng. Larime, Mae Vassar. Lowry, Paul Albion. Maynard, Floyd R Homer. McCall, James E Montgomery, Ala. Merrill, Ray W Flint. Newell, Georgia E Delta. Norton, P. Ray Hanover. Odium, Wendell A Decatur. Osborne, Isaac Albion. YEAR BOOK 115 Schneider, Ola Concord. Shaffer, Clara Belle Albion. Sherff, Earl E Flint. Sumner, G. Lynn Montague. Towsley, William R Harbor Springs. Wesbrook, Emma C Byron Center. Wright, Wallace G Linden. JUNIORS. Austin, Grace E Albion. Babcock, Gertrude M Albion. Bastian, Myrtle E Holly. Benedict, Milton Jonesville. Bolender, J. Edson Sparta. Dean, Angeline M Gilead. Doty, Clifford E Grand Ledge. Fall, Mark H Albion. Hoover, William James Albion. Hopkins, Russell D Detroit. Jenkins, Mary Mason. Keils, Otto C Mt. Clemens. Knapp, Carl J Owosso. Langworthy, Charles A Alpena. Latham, Rex K Hanover. Leeson, Clyde C Manchester. Luce, E. Beulah East Tawas. Martin, Eathel A Albion. McLouth, Florence B Addison. Meinke, Ella A Detroit. Miller, Cleora A Albion. Millspaugh, Arthur C Augusta. Moore, Joel R Moscow. Pearce, Fredricka Battle Creek. Richardson, Harry A South Lyon. Rogers, Mabel L Lennon. Russell, Frederic A Albion. Squire, Howard W Flint. 116 ALBION COLLEGE Thornton, Hubert L Albion. Thornton, Jesse E Albion. Van Egmond, William West Bay City. Weller, Carl V St. Johns. Wightman, E. Russell Fennville. Zebell, Sophia St. Joseph. SOPHOMORES. Abbott, E. Ermo Albion. Allen, Gertrude H Reed City. Barber, Floyd A Howard City. Baughman, Burr J Watervliet. Bretz, Bina B Albion. Carey, Elizabeth Albion. Clancy, A. Bernice Albion. Clemo, Pearl Hancock. Cobb, Arthur E Marshall. Cook, Robert W Hastings. Cook, Vera Cadillac. Davis, Percy L Kalamazoo. Doty, Mark W Grand Ledge. Drown, Lucretia Elko, Nev. Evans, Edna M Coldwater. Fall, Florence Albion. Fiedler, Amanda Holt. Field, Frank M Mason. Freeman, Clytus A Otsego. Gale, Mrs. Martha B Albion. Haag, Roy Russell Albion. Hill, Olah J Albion. Hollinshead, Kenneth J Port Clinton, O. Huckle, S. Jennie Fairgrove. Jefferis, Angelina Stevensville. Jillson, George F South Haven. Lacey, Ralph B Albion. Lawrence, Francis J Cheboygan. Loomis, Howard South Haven. YEAR BOOK 117 Lutz, Gretchen Albion. Moffett, Samuel B Flint. , Morse, Ernest W Grand Rapids. Newcomer, Daisie B Monroe. Oakes, Jay Adams East Tawas. Ondrozeck, Frederick E t . Ovid. Ostrander, Josephine LaVerne Waterville, O. Owen, Chester Vassar. Parker, Myra Hanover. Peterson, Stella M Saranac. Putnam, Mark E Ovid. Ransom, Glenn D Quincy. Sanborn, Lettie C South Haven. Saunderson, Jason M Calcutta, India. Scott, Charles J Harbor Beach. Sdunek, Ottelia New Hudson. Seeley, Ward F Mayville. Sheldon, Charlotte M Climax. Skidmore, Arthur G Fenton. Smith, Lulu M Detroit. Smith, Myrtle E Metamora, O. Smoll, Perley A Jonesville. Somers, John Edgar Albion. Taylor, Roy H ..Marshall. Thomas, James Ironwood. Wade, Herbert V Albion. Walker, Harry E Marengo. Wesbrook, Arthur E Byron Center. Wightman, Ruby D Fennville. FRESHMEN. Allman, Russell V Port Austin. Anthony, M. Ethel Sturgis. Baldwin, Mary Bessie Detroit. Ball, Albert Bruce Mason. Ballamy, H. Adeline Bay City. Barr, Relis E Ludington. j 118 ALBION COLLEGE Barry, Florence J Bennington. Bartell, Flossie Concord. Bechtel, Glen A Albion. Bennett, Lillian Ada. Bennett, T. Porter Albion. Billings, Lloyd C Sparta. Brown, Lillian Mary Fulton. Bush, Charles Rollin Bay City. Carr, Addie A Howard City. Clark, Rena M Coldwater. Clemo, Hattie Rae Franklin Mine. Coates, Francis A Henderson. Cross, Harry Gaylord Hanover. Cross, Preston A Camden. Crowley, Clement Butte, Mont. Cunningham, J. Bissell Marlette. Davis, D wight A Vermontville. Davis, Mima Grass Lake. Day, Edward W Albion. Dew, Edith M Hanover. Donigan, Horace M illington. Dunkley, George W Richland. Epley, Eula Merl Stantcn. Flory, Carrie Elyzabeth South Haven Ford, Cashy L Concord. Foster, Laurence F Albion. French, Charles Wallace Muskegon. Fritz, Lola Cass City. Frost, Benjamin S Eckford. Funk, Will B Athens. Gilbert, Harvey M Bay City. Gildart, Ralph Sawyer Albion. Goodwin, Levi P Birmingham. Grant, Lee Richmond. Greene, Aldie Ross Albion. Greene, Irving W Richmond. Harsha, Amy Isabel Charlevoix. YEAR BOOK Hastings, Mabel Watervliet. Hayes, Earl C Deland, Ills. Howell, Clarence V Gagetown. Hudnutt, Arthur C Hanover. JefTery, George A Kingston. Kent, Frank Floyd Ortonville. Kimball, LeRoy E Albion. Kirkpatrick, Russell A. Unionville. Knickerbocker, Clifford Albion. Macdonald, Jean M Mason. Masten, Bernice Maysie LaGrange, Ind. Mathewson, Linn Nelson Mancelona. Mayne, Nita Charlevoix. McConnell, Aaron H North Branch. M cOmber, Hazel Niles. McKale, James Fred Lansing. Middelton, Howard C Mancelona. Miller, Carrie Marshall. Miller, Karl H Athens. Moore, Floyd W Moscow. Mudge, Clarence T Albion. Mulholland, Mae Cass City. Niles, Leo B Reed City. Patrick, E. Pearl Flint. Pattinson, Jane Manistique. Peabody, Clarence Albion. Perrot, John C Pulaski. Pimoltt, Francis W Detroit. Ramsdell, Donald Albion. Ranger, Genevieve Battle Creek. Robinson, Gipsy Albion. Rowley, E. Anna Albion. Sackett, Robert Eckford. Saxton, Frank E Albion. Saxton, Harry T Albion. Seelye, M. Othello Bad Axe. Sloan, Edna Albion. 119 120 ALBION COLLEGE Smith, Clark H Harrisville. Smith, J. Clifford Albion. Squire, Earl C Vickeryville. Sumner, Raymond R Fenton. Tench, Edwin Berrien Springs. Terrill, J. Ernest Albion. Titus, Garry H Lansing. Tonkin, Ethel A Caro. Vandercook, Dell C Mason. Varty, James H Albion. Wilder, Blanch Albion. Worthington, Howard R Albion. PREPARATORY AND UNCLASSIFIED. Ackerman, Laf e Empire. Allen, George R Wallaceburg, Ont. Allen, Thomas Wallaceburg, Ont. Aubill, George E Belding. Bartlett, Alice M Port Hope. Bechtel, Vera Albion. Behler, Glenn Lowell. Bidwell, Clarence Chicago. Blair,, Floyd M Charlevoix. Bliss, Addison L Beaverton. Brown, Prentiss M St. Ignace. Calahan, Inah Bell Albion. Chace, Aurelia E Albion. Coates, Belle Henderson. Cole, Ray F Addison. Cross, Merrill F Hanover. Davis, Floyd Albion. Day, Ernestine Albion. Day, Frank J Albion. Dean, Flossie Albion. Dobson, M. Louise Parma. Drummond, Edna Turner. Ellerby, Harry Albion. YEAR BOOK 121 Ellinger, Henry W Grand Rapids. Evans, Jeanette C Albion. Fitch, Albert Byron Center. Fitch, Frank L Byron Center. Gillett, Alvin Albion. Gillett, Beulah Albion. Glockzin, Henry Albion. Gordon, John C Dexter. Hanson, Claud Mackinac. Hartt, George W Albion. Hicks, Florence Brighton. Hicks, George G Albion. Hunn, George W Parma. Jeffery, Morey P Kingston. Johnson, Flora M Lyons. Johnson, Hazel Pellston. Johnston, Lucile South Haven. Kersey, George Edy ' s Mills, Ont. Leeman, Matilda Chelsea. Martin, Claudius B Albion. Maywood, Iris Bad Axe. McConnell, Albert Albion. McKenzie, Vera Owosso. Nickerson, Robert H Lupton. Osborne, George A Albion. Packard, Ivin Marengo. Pryor, Elmer C Mason. Quincy, Mrs. J. A Caro. Rolston, Racelia K Coden, Ala. Salmond, Carrie E Hunters Creek. Shepherd, Frank Temperance. Sherk, Mildred May ville. Smith, James E. G Redford. Smith, Ned Rudolph Albion. Stillwell, William G Pellston. Swanson, John Sibley. Thatcher, Margaret Ethel Capac. 122 ALBION COLLEGE Treloar, Bennett Ironwood. VanAuken, Feme Morley. Voightlander, Gertrude M Detroit. Wallis, Abraham W Cornwall., Eng. Welsch, Agnes Port Hope. Wheeler, Mabel May. Petoskey. Wirth, Christ H Evart. CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC. PIANO. Abbott, Elizabeth Albion. Akin, Elna Vera Albion. Andress, Mildred Albion. Armstrong, Alice Alden. Beall, Helen B Albion. Bradford, Elsie Eaton Rapids. Branch, Pearl Jackson. Branch, Josephine Jackson. Bretz, Marguerite Albion. Bretz, Martha Albion. Burnett, Winfred Albion. Calahan, R. Lulu Albion. Carmen, Jessie Homer. Chadwick, Mrs. W. D Albion. Champlin, E. Merle Jackson. Coates, Belle Henderson. Colby, Martha Albion. Cook, Vera Albion. Covey, Hazel C Eaton Rapids, Cross, Ethel A Hanover. Cummings, F. D Albion. Darby, LaVida Kalkaska. Dean, Angeline M Gilead. Dickie, Mary Albion. Dobson, Louise Parma. Drummond, Edna V Turner. YEAR BOOK 123 Edwards, Willystine Jackson. Farley, Fred L Battle Creek. Ford, Jessie B Concord. Greacen, Sue Kalkaska. Greenwood, Edith Jackson. Greenwood, Leone Jackson. Griffin, Gladys Albion. Hanawalt, Paul Albion. Harsha, Amy Isabel Charlevoix. Hiatt, Eva Alden. Howe, Daisy Kalamazoo. Huckle, Elsie A St. Clair. Huckle, Isabelle Port Dover, Ont. Jennings, Alta V Turner. Johnson, Flora M Lyons. Jones, Pearl Lawton. Kemp, Hazel M St. Clair. Lowry, Hope Albion. Marple, Herbert Albion. Marsh, Frances Albion. Maywood, Iris Bad Axe. Newcomer, Daisie Monroe. Oakes, Jay A East Tawas. O ' Mara, Helen Jackson. Ott, Harry Mbion. Palmer, Ina Hester f ale. Park, Carrie Grand Rapids. Parmeter, Ora Albion. Pattinson, Emma Manistique. Pearce, Fredericka Battle Creek. Potter, Hattie Marcellus. Randall, Mabel Albion. Randall, Eloise Albion. Ranger, Genevieve Battle Creek. Rogers, Mabel L Lennon. Self, Blanche Battle Creek. Schweinfurth, Amarie Jackson. 124 ALBION COEGE Scott, Mrs. Louise Galien. Sherk, Ella Mayville. Smith, Josephine Grand Ledge. Swaverly, Essie Kalkaska. Taylor, Agnes J Caro. Worsch, Yetchen Jackson. Vorhees, Sophronia Jackson. ORGAN. Austin, Grace Albion. Champlin, E. Merle Jackson. Farley, Fred Battle Creek. French, C. Wallace Muskegon. McKenzie, L. Vera Owosso. Newcomer, Daisie Monroe. HARMONY AND COUNTERPOINT. Abbott, Elizabeth Albion. Akin, Vera Albion. Bolster, Edith Albion. Bradford, Elsie Eaton Rapids. Champlin, E. Merle Jackson. Covey, Hazel C Eaton Rapids. Darby, LaVida Kalkaska. Day, Ernestine Albion. Durrin, Jessie Albion. Gillett, Alvin Albion. Greacen, Sue Kalkaska. Jennings, Alta V Turner. Johnson, Flora M Lyons. Jones, Pearl Lawton. Kemp, Hazel M St. Clair. McKenzie, L. Vera Owosso. Newcomer, Daisie Monroe. Oakes, Jay A East Tawas. Pattinson, Emma Manistique. Robinson, Gipsy Albion. Rolston, Racelia K Coden, Ala. YEAR BOOK 125 Rowley, Anna Albion. Self, Blanche Battle Creek. Scott, Mrs. Louise Galien. Smith, Josephine Grand Ledge. Swaverly, Essie Kalkaska. Taylor, Agnes J Caro. Wilson, Mabel Romeo. Wellington, Darken Albion. VOICE. Andress, Mildred Albion. Anthony, Ethel Sturgis. Anthony, Mabel Albion. Armstrong, Alice Alden. Austin, Grace Albion. Bidwell, Clarence Chicago. Blanchard, Jessie Albion. Coates, Belle Henderson. Coates, Francis Henderson. Collier, Ethel Springport. Cross, Ethel A Hanover. Culver, Katherine Albion. Day, Ernestine Albion. Day, Florence Lloyd Bay City. Durrin, Jessie Albion. Fitch, Frank L Byron Center. Freeman, Clytus Otsego. Gillett, Alvin Albion. Hicks, Florence Brighton. Hollinshead, Kenneth Port Clinton, O. Huckle, Elsie St. Clair. Huckle, Isabelle Port Dover, Ont. Kemp, Hazel St. Clair. Maywood, Iris Bad Axe. Nagle, Marjorie Albion. Newcomer, Daisie Monroe. Oakes, Jay A East Tawas. 126 ALBION COLLEGE Palmer, Ina Hester Yale. Park, Carrie Grand Rapids. Pattinson, Emma Manistique. Pearce, Fredericka Battle Creek. Potter, Hattie Marcellus. Robinson, Gipsy Albion. Rolston, Racelia K Coden, Ala. Rowley, Anna Albion. Russell, Fred Albion. Scott, Mrs. Louise Galien. Shanley, Bessie Albion. Sherk, Ella Mayville. Thornton, Jesse Albion. Treloar, Bennett Ironwood. Wesbrook, Arthur Byron Center. Wilson, Mabel Romeo. Wellington, Darleen Albion. SIGHT SINGING AND PUBLIC SCHOOL MUSIC. Culver, Katherine Albion. Huckle, Elsie St. Clair. Newcomer, Daisie Monroe. Palmer, Ina Hester Yale. Pattinson, Emma Manistique., Scott, Mrs. Louise Galien. VIOLIN. Billings, Lloyd C . . Sparta. Borner, June Albion. Bo lender, J. Edson Sparta. Bohm, Alfred Albion. Callahan, R. Lulu Albion. Cummings, Truman Albion. Colby, Martha Albion. Darrow, Lola Albion. Darrow, May Albion. Dickie, Mary Albion. Eastman, Floyd Albion. YEAR BOOK 127 Foster, Laurence Albion. Freeman, Jiles Union City. Gardner, Helen Albion. Gavitt, James Albion. Gillett, Myron Albion. Ingraham, Hazel St. Johns. Landon, Ruth Springport. Marple, Raymond Albion. Ott, Henry Albion. Parks, Daniel Munith. Rogers, Ethel Albion. Snyder, Eulalia Horton. Strong, Gerald Homer. Shumacker, Carl Albion. Thompson, Dean Albion. Waldorf, Dan Albion. CELLO. Cummings, Oscar Albion. Day, Frank Albion. Greacen, Sue Kalkaska. ART DEPARTMENT. PAINTING AND DRAWING. Albert, Mrs Albion. Benedict, Milton Jonesville. Brown, Lillian Mary Fulton. Bruce, Mrs. A. G Albion. Cross, J. Estella Mason. Darby, LaVida Kalkaska. Dobson, Carrie Parma. Evans, Don Carl Howard City. Flory, Ruby South Haven. Fuller, Inez Albion. Greene, Mrs. C. W Albion. Hempstead, Mary Albion. 128 ALBION COLLEGE Hill, Olah J Albion. 1 Hollinshead, Kenneth Port Clinton , O hie Huckle, Elsie St. Clair. Hungerford, Ethel Albion. Kemp, M. Hazel St. Clair. Lawler, Mrs. Fred Albion. Newcomer, Daisie Monroe. Newell, Georgia E Delta. Pattinson, Emma Manistique. Peterson, Stella M Saranac. Potter, Hattie Irene Marcellus. Thatcher, Margaret Ethel. Capac. Wartman, Phebe Albion. Wesbrook, Emma C Byron Center. Worth, Bertha Albion. SCHOOL OF BUSINESS. GENERAL COURSE. Allman, Milo Albion. Anthony, Ethel Sturgis. Ball, Albert B Mason. Bliss, Addison L Beaverton. Breakey, Floyd Marshall. Brown, Arthur Fulton. Bullock, Claude Coldwater. Billin gs, Lloyd C Sparta. Carey, M. I Hanover. Clark, William Kalamazoo. Cole, R. F Addison. Cope, Harvey St. Clair. Campbell, James A Cadillac. Cook, Robert W Hastings. Dunham, Roy C Hudson. Eymer, Roy P Turner. Ford, Cashy Concord. YEAR BOOK 129 Fountain, Howard B Marshall. Funk, William B Athens. Guile, Carl G Union City. Hard, Robert Albion. Humiston, Walter Ransom. Hampton, Chas. Harold Charlevoix. Jones, Fred D Bronson. Kosmider, Frank H Au Sable. McConnell, A. H Albion. Martin, Morris Albion. Mathewson, Linn N Mancelona. Miller, Karl H Athens. Mudge, Clarence F Albion. Morgan, Wilbur D Albion. Needham, Howard H Parma. Nichols, Earl Marshall. Niles, Loie Grand Ledge. Odium, Wendell A Decatur. Parks, Daniel Munith. Parks, Delivan Munith. Peabody, Clarence Albion. Shepard, Clyde A Charlevoix. Steffe, Nellie J Greenfield. Snyder, Fred C Au Sable. Shook, Howard J Au Sable. Sumner, G. Lynn Montague. Shepherd, Frank Coldwater. Strickland, Clara B , Albion. Tingay, John A Albion. Taylor, Laura B — . Caro. Warren, Ray G Union City. Waggoner, Estella G Pinnebog. Winegar, Harry V Parma. Wright, Fred L Bad Axe. SHORTHAND AND TYPEWRITING. Anthony, Ethel Sturgis. 130 ALBION COLLEGE Bangham, Belle D Albion. Baker, Mary E Albion. Bliss, Addison L Beaverton. Breakey, Floyd Marshall. Brown, Arthur Fulton. Brown, Prentiss St. Ignace. Bullock, Claude Coldwater. Blair, Floyd M Charlevoix. Carey, William A Charlevoix. Carey, M. I Hanover. Cope, Harvey St. Clair. Campbell, James A Cadillac. Crowley, Clement F Butte, Mont. Conrad, Anna E Albion. Dewey, Elizabeth H Decatur. Drew, Mattie Dexter. Dunham, Roy C Hudson. Eslow, Hazel Albion. Eymer, Roy P Turner. Fitchett, Frank F Albion. Fountain, Howard B Marshall. Fry, Alice Cambria. Funk, William B Athens. Gillett, Alvin Albion. Gordon, Nellie Dexter. Guile, Carl G Union City. Haag, Roy Albion. Hesse, Bessie Napoleon. Hicks, Hazel D Devereaux. Jones, Fred D Bronson. Kosmider, Frank H Au Sable. Ladd, Mary Lucile St. Clair. Martin, Morris Albion. Miller, Karl H Athens. Morgan, Wilbur D Albion. Needham, Howard H Parma. Nichols, Earl Marshall. YEAR BOOK 131 Niles, Loie Grand Ledge. Oberholtzer, Clarence Medina, Ohio. Odium, Wendell A Decatur. Parks, Daniel Munith. Parks, Delivan Munith. Pennell, Henry P Albion. Robinson, Emily Mason. Steffe, Nellie J Greenfield. Snyder, Fred C Au Sable. Shook, Howard J Au Sable. Sumner, G. Lynn Montague. Shepherd, Frank Coldwater. Shepard, Clyde A Charlevoix. Secord, Elizabeth Parma. Sherk, Ella E Mayville. Strickland, Clara B Albion. Tingay, John A Albion. Taylor, Laura B Caro. Turley, Frances La Grange, Ind. Treloar, Bennett Ironwood. Warren, Ray G Union City. Waggoner, Estella G Pinnebog. Warrick, Maude L Battle Creek. Winegar, Harry V Parma. Wiselogle, Dow Albion. Wirth, Christ H Evart. Wright, Wallace G Albion. v SUMMARY OF STUDENTS COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS. Pursuing Post-Graduate Studies 16 Seniors 39 Juniors , 34 Sophomores 58 Freshmen 92 239 PREPARATORY AND UNCLASSIFIED. In the several courses 67 CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC. Piano 70 Pipe Organ 6 Harmony 29 Voice 44 Sight Singing 6 Violin 30 185 SCHOOL OF PAINTING. In all classes 27 SCHOOL OF BUSINESS. General Course 51 Shorthand and Typewriting 65 116 Total students, none counted twice 45O UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS-URBANA 3 0112 111952344