Albion College - Albionian Yearbook (Albion, MI)

Text from Pages 1 - 140 of the 1905 volume:

Vol. 1 Albion College Bulletin No. 6 ALBION COLLEGE YEAR BOOK 1905-1906 fit? ti ; m COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC SCHOOL OF ART SCHOOL OF ORATORY NORMAL COURSE PREPARATORY DEPARTMENT COMMERCIAL DEPARTMENT Entered March 8, 1905, at Albion, Mich., as second- class matter, under Act of Congress of July 16, 1894. Published at least four times per year. All graduates and former students of Albion College are requested to inform the President of the College of any change in address or occupation, or of any event of especial interest to the institution or their former class- mates. % 5 YEAR BOOK OF ALBION COLLEGE FOR 1905-1906 WITH ANNOUNCEMENTS FOR 1906-1907 PUBLISHED BY ALBION COLLEGE ALBION, MICHIGAN . . NINETEEN HUNDRED SIX PUBLISHED BY ALBION COLLEGE TABLE OF CONTENTS Announcements — 4 The College Corporation and Endowment Fund Committee 5 Standing Committees and Visitors 6 Officers of Instruction and Government 7 History 9 Location 10 Grounds and Buildings 11 Character of the School 13 Library 14 Reading Room 14 Provisions for the Study of Astronomy 14 Provisions for the Study of Biology 15 Provisions for the Study of Physics 16 Provisions for the Study of Chemistry 17 Conservatory of Music 19, 82 School of Painting 19, 87 Business Department 19, 90 Preparatory School 19 Tabulated Courses of Study in Preparatory School 21 Statements in Regard to Same 22 Requirements for Admission 29 Advanced Credit 36 College of Liberal Arts 38 Ancient Languages 39 Modern Languages 41 Romance Languages 44 English.. 46 Elocution and Oratory 49 History, Politics and Economics. 50 Mathematics 52 Astronomy 55 Physics 56 Chemistry 58 Biology 62 Geology 64 Philosophy 64 Photography 64 Pedagogy 65 The English Bible 67 Grouping of Elective Work 68 College Work Tabulated 70 Schedule of Recitations 72 Graduation 76 Degrees 76 Diplomas 77 Enrollment and Work of Class Officers 77 Prizes 78 Scholarships 79 Intercollegiate Debates 80 Honor List 81 Physical Education. 97 Expenses 100 The Employment Bureau 102 Appointment Committee 102 Closing Examinations 103 Attendance 103 Chapel Service 104 Church Atte ndance 104 Societies 104 Oratorical Committee 106 Christian Associations 106 Co-operative Association 107 Candidates for Graduation 108 List of Students 110 Summary of Students 131 ANNOUNCEMENTS FOR 1906-1907 COMMENCEMENT WEEK, 1906. June 14 — Commencement Reminiscence Prayer Meeting. June 17 — Commencement Sunday. June 18 — Conservatory Concert, 8:00 p. m. June 19 — Class Day Exercises, 10:00 a. m. and 2:00 p. m. Meeting Board of Trustees, 2:00 p. m. Meeting Alumni Association, 2:00 p. m. Open Air Concert, 7 :00 p. m. Alumni Address, 8:00 p. m. June 20 — Commencement Day, 10:00 a. m. Address by Frank W. Gunsaulus, D. D. Commencement Dinner, 12:30 p. m. OPENING OF THE COLLEGE YEAR IN ALL DEPARTMENTS. FALL TERM, 1906. Sept. 18 — Examination of Candidates for Admission; Pre- sentation of Certificates from Approved Schools; Special Examinations, 9:00 a. m. Sept. 19— Enrollment Day — Commencing 9:00 a. m. Sept. 20 — First Chapel Exercises, 9:00 a. m. Dec. 18 — Meeting of the Board of Trustees, 2 :00 p. m. Dec. 20— Term closes at 12:00 m. WINTER TERM, 1907. Jan. 3 — Entrance and Special Examinations, 9:00 a. m. Enrollment Day, 9 :00 a. m. Jan. 4 — Recitations begin — Chapel, 9 :00 a. m. Jan. 24 — Day of Prayer for Colleges, followed by week of Special Services. Mar. 22— Term closes at 12 :00 m. SPRING TERM, 1907. Apr. 2 — Entrance and Special Examinations, 9:00 a. m. Enrollment Day, 9 :00 a. m. Apr. 3 — Recitations begin — Chapel, 9:00 a. m. June 19 — Commencement Day. THE COLLEGE CORPORATION PRESIDENT, CHARLES M. RANGER. VICE-PRESIDENT, WILLIAM DA WE. SECOND VICE-PRESIDENT, EDWIN N. PARSONS. TREASURER, EUGENE P. ROBERTSON. SECRETARY, SAMUEL DICKIE. TRUSTEES, SAMUEL DICKIE, ex-officio. ELECTED BY DETROIT CONFERENCE. James C. McCaul Detroit 1906 Hon. Aaron T. Bliss Saginaw 1906 Rev. William Dawe, D. D Detroit 1907 James H. Simpson Detroit 1907 Albert Beebe Detroit 1908 Rev. E. B. Bancroft, D. D Ann Arbor 1908 ELECTED BY MICHIGAN CONFERENCE. David D. Erwin Muskegon 1906 Rev. Robert E. Meader Eaton Rapids 1906 Rev. John Graham, D. D Grand Rapids 1907 E. J. Phelps Kalamazoo . . 1907 Edwin N. Parsons Albion . ... 1908 Rev. Thomas Cox Traverse City 1908 ELECTED BY ALUMNI SOCIETY. John G. Brown Albion 1906 Charles M. Ranger Battle Creek 1907 Rev. Eugene Allen Ypsilanti 1908 ENDOWMENT FUND COMMITTEE. Samuel Dickie, Chairman and Treasurer Albion William H. Brace Detro it Hon. Clement Smith Hastings Deceased. STANDING COMMITTEES FOR 1905-1906 Executive Committee — C. M. Ranger, John G. Brown, William Dawe, Edwin N. Parsons, Samuel Dickie. Auditing Committee — C. M. Ranger, John G. Brown, William Dawe, Edwin N. Parsons, Samuel Dickie. Finance Committee — John G. Brown, Albert Beebe, E. J. Phelps, James H. Simpson. Committee on Faculty — Edward B. Bancroft, James C. McCaul, Samuel Dickie, D. D. Erwin, Thomas Cox. Committee on Rules and Regulations — Aaron T. Bliss, John Graham, R. E. Meader, Albert Beebe. Committee on Library and Apparatus — Aaron T. Bliss, Thomas Cox, James H. Simpson, D. D. Erwin. Committee on Buildings and Grounds — Edwin N. Par- sons, John G. Brown, John Graham, Samuel Dickie, R. E. Meader. VISITORS AND EXAMINERS ON BEHALF OF THE STATE. Hon. James Woodman Paw Paw Supt. E. C. Warringer Saginaw APPOINTED BY DETROIT CONFERENCE. Rev. George E. Ackerman, D. D Bay City Rev. D. H. Glass Detroit APPOINTED BY MICHIGAN CONFERENCE. Rev. A. L. Toner Decatur Rev. J. R. Wooton Ovid OFFICERS OF INSTRUCTION AND GOVERNMENT SAMUEL DICKIE, M. S., LL. D., President. MRS. HELEN KNAPPEN-SCRIPPS, Ph. B., Dean for Women. CHARLES H. WOOLBERT, A. B., Secretary. CHARLES ELISHA BARR, A. M., Registrar. FRANK WILBUR CHACE, Doc. of Mus., Director of Conservatory. GUSTAVUS S. KIMBALL, M. Accts., Principal of Commercial Department. SAMUEL DICKIE, M. S., LL. D., John Owen Professor of Philosophy. DELOS FALL, Sc. D., David Preston Professor of Chem- istry. FREDERICK LUTZ, A. M., Professor of Modern Lan- guages and Literature. CHARLES ELISHA BARR, A. M., Professor of Geology and Biology. FREDERIC SAMUEL GOODRICH, A. M, Helen Marion Fiske Alumni Professor of the English Bible, Acting Pro- fessor of Greek Language and Literature. WILLIAM MAXWELL BURKE, Ph. D., Henry M. Loud Professor of History and Acting Professor of Economics. MRS. HELEN KNAPPEN-SCRIPS, Ph. B., Dean for Women, Instructor in English Literature. FREDERICK C. DEMOREST, A. M., D. D., Professor of Latin. CHARLES H. WOOLBERT, A. B., Professor of English and Oratory (W. Scott Brown Chair of Belles Lettres). FRANCIS W. HANAWALT, A. M, W. H. Brockway Pro- fessor of Mathematics, Acting Ezra Bostwick Professor of Astronomy. 8 ALBION COLLEGE CLARENCE W. GREENE, A. M., B. Ph., Professor of Physics. ELLEN JOSEPHINE CLARK, A. M., Instructor in Eng- lish and Latin. JOHN ZEDLER, A. B., Instructor in German. FRANK W. DOUGLAS, A. B., Assistant in Chemistry. FRANK WILBUR CHACE, Doctor of Music, Director of Con- servatory, Instructor in Pipe Organ, Piano, Voice and Theory of Music. HARRIET F. REYNOLDS, Teacher of Piano and Musical History. MRS. MARTHA REYNOLDS-COLBY, Teacher of Violin, Viola, Violoncello and Harmony. MRS. AURELIA EDWARDS CHACE, Teacher of Elemen- tary Harmony and Sight Reading. MILDRED SHERK, Teacher of Piano. SARAH E. WOOLSEY, Instructor in Art. GUSTAVUS SYLVESTER KIMBALL, M. Accts., Principal of Commercial Department. NANNIE LANDON, Teacher of Shorthand and Type- writing. WALTER S. KENNEDY, Director of Physical Education for Men Students. EMMA J. PARMATER, Director of Physical Education for Women Students. ELEANOR T. AVANN, A. M., Librarian, Instructor in Greek. ROSA BALL, B. S., Assistant Librarian. HISTORY In the year 1833, Rev. Henry Colclazer, Rev. Elijah H. Pilcher and Benjamin H. Packard, M. D., resolved to inau- gurate a movement for the establishment of an academy of higher learning in Michigan. Spring Arbor was chosen as a location, and in the spring of 1835 the Legislature granted a charter under the corporate name of Spring Arbor Seminary, locating the institution on the site of an old Indian village, in the town of Spring Arbor. In the spring of 1839 the charter was amended, lo- cating the school at Albion and reconstructing the Board of Trustees. In November of 1843, the first building was completed and opened for the reception of students. Rev. Charles F. Stock- well, A. M., a graduate of Middletown University, was ap- pointed principal. In 1849, charter was amended by the creation of a Female College, so that the corporate name became Wes- leyan Seminary and Female Collegiate Institute. The in- stitution was empowered to grant degrees to women only. In 1861, the original charter was still further amended, authorizing the institution to confer degrees on both men and women, the corporate name becoming Albion College. The management of the institution is vested in a Board of Trustees, consisting of sixteen persons, six elected by the Detroit Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church, six by the Michigan Conference, and three by the Society of Alumni. The President of the College is associated as a member ex-officio. A special board or committee, as custodian of the Endow- ment Fund, was created by act of the Legislature in 1865. LOCATION Albion is a thriving city of 6,000 inhabitants, situated in the central portion of the Lower Peninsula of Michigan. The postal, telegraph and telephone facilities are equal to those of the largest cities in the State. Albion is on the main line of the Michigan Central Railroad, 95 miles west of Detroit. The Lansing division of the Lake Shore Michigan Southern crosses the Michigan Central at this place, providing direct connection with the main line of the Lake Shore on the south, and at the north with the Grand Rapids division of the Michigan Central, the Pere Marquette, the Grand Trunk and other lines. The Jackson Battle Creek Electric line passes through Albion, giving us hourly communication with points east and west. GROUNDS AND BUILDINGS The College Campus contains eighteen acres. The Central Building is the name given to the first build- ing erected. It now stands between two other buildings erected at a somewhat later date. Operations have already been commenced to thoroughly renovate this building, giv- ing it an altogether modern appearance and adding to it a new part 45x60 feet, being three stories and basement. The new portion will be especially fitted up as a Biological Labor- atory and Lecture Room, together with necessary store rooms and work rooms. The entire building when remodeled will be to all intents and purposes a new building and will be known and designated as Robinson Hall, in honor of George O. Robinson, LL. D., of Detroit, who contributed the funds for the improvement of the building. The North Building, situated just north of the foregoing, is 80 feet long, 50 feet wide and three stories in height. It contains four lecture rooms, quarters for the Commercial School, the Art Studio and two Literary Societies. The Chapel Building stands directly south of the Central Building, and is three stories high, 80 feet long and 50 feet wide. The second and third stories are wholly devoted to chapel purposes. The first story is devoted to the work of the Conservatory of Music and the Secretary ' s office. The Astronomical Observatory was erected in 1883, is two stories high, with a round tower which rises to three stories and is surmounted by a dome. On the lower floor are the lecture rooms of the departments of Astronomy and Mathematics, and the pier-room, through which pass the brick supports for the fixed instruments. On the second floor are the transit room, containing the Transit Circle, Clock and Chronograph, a computing room, a room for port- able instruments, and a room containing the Astronomical and Meteorological Library. In the round tower is placed the Equatorial. The Gymnasium was completed in 1892. The first story is of field stone; above this the building consists of a heavy frame inclosed with brick. The building has a frontage of 1 2 albion::college 54 feet, and is 92 feet in depth, surmounted with a gothic roof to provide sufficient height. The McMillan Chemical Laboratory was erected in 1893, the gift of Hon. James McMillan, of Detroit. It is a sub- stantial and modern building, three stories in height above the basement. The basement contains the Portland cement laboratory, the assaying room, the mineralogical collections and the fur- nace room. In the first story, which is 13 feet high, there is the or- ganic laboratory, 27x30 feet, containing tables for 24 students, with 29 feet of hoods, also wall tables, cases for chemicals, etc. Adjacent to this are the quantitative laboratory, 22x30 feet, tables for 20 students, hoods, wall tables, etc.; a com- bustion room, 10x17 feet, and dispensing room, 10x21. On the other side of the hall is the instructor ' s study. Off this is a private laboratory, with large table, hoods, wall tables, cases, etc. The balance room, 9x21, and a research room, 15x30 feet, complete the equipment of this floor. The second story is also 13 feet high and contains the qualitative laboratory, 40x49 feet, with tables for 80 students, with seven hoods, wall tables, cases, etc. The lecture room, also on this floor, 30x37 feet, will accommodate 82 students, the seating being arranged in rising tiers of chairs. The third story is 10 feet high and contains the labor- atory of Physics, and also the collections of Palaeontology and Lithology. Mrs. Charlotte T. Gassette, of Albion, has erected a beautiful and commodious building in memory of her de- ceased daughter, Miss Lottie L. Gassette. The building is designated Lottie L. Gassette Memorial Library, and is both an ornamental and useful addition to our facilities. Four Fraternity Halls have been erected on the east por- tion of the college grounds, the institution having granted leases of sites for a period of years. The Winter-Lau Athleti c Field, less than two blocks from the College, presents one of the best equipped athletic fields in the West. CHARACTER OF THE SCHOOL The institution is a college of Liberal Arts. It is not a theological school. There are a few Biblical studies, but no chair of theology. There are no theological tests and no religious exactions beyond regular attendance at chapel ex- ercises during school days and attendance at church on the Sabbath, giving the students their choice of place of worship. LIBRARIES, LABORATORIES AND OBSERVATORY LIBRARY. The Library, the gift of Mrs. Charlotte T. Gassette, of Albion, Michigan, is a substantial new brick structure, well equipped, well heated, well lighted, containing 16,000 volumes, besides a large number of unbound volumes and pamphlets. The Reading Room, ample and attractive, is abundantly supplied with encyclopedias, dictionaries, lexicons and general works of reference. There is also a full supply of papers and all the leading magazines of the day. Three indexes are supplied, Poole ' s, Readers ' Guide to Periodical Literature, and the Annual, guiding readers to needed information contained in bound volumes of period- icals. The Dewey, or Decimal, system of classification is used, and a new card catalogue makes the books easily accessible to all. Free access to book shelves is given to all, and in addition to their use in Library building, books, with some necessary restrictions, may be drawn for home use. The Library is open from 7 :30 a. m. to 12 m., and from 1 :15 p. m. to 4 :30 p. m., except on Saturdays, when it is open from 8:00 a. m. to 12:00 m. PROVISIONS FOR THE STUDY OF ASTRONOMY. In Astronomy, the facilities offered by the College are excellent. The equipment is fully adequate for purposes of instruc- tion or research. The Equatorial Telescope is of eight inches clear aperture, made and mounted by Alvan Clark Sons. YEAR BOOK 15 It is provided with circles, coarse and fine, driving clock, filar micrometer with field and side illumination and eye pieces giving range from a low-power comet-seeker to eight hundred diameters. The Transit Circle, by Fauth Co., is of a four- inch aperture and is provided with micrometers in right ascen- sion and declination, levels sensitive to one second of arc and vertical circles reading to single seconds by micrometer mi- croscopes. The Sidereal Clock and Chronograph are by the same makers. All of the instruments are in electrical con- nection. PROVISIONS FOR THE STUDY OF BIOLOGY. With the opening of the next year the Biological de- partment will occupy the new Biological Laboratory, erected as an addition to Robinson Hall. This addition will be 45 by 60 feet, and will be three stories high, above the base- ment. It will contain large laboratories for the classes in Zoology and Botany, accommodating respectively 60 and 40 students, with commodious lecture rooms adjoining each. Beside these laboratories, there will be smaller laboratories for more advanced classes. The main supply room, in the basement, is 13 by 31 feet, while above this and connecting with it by elevator, are smaller supply rooms for the classes in Zoology and Botany, 11 by 13 and 13 by 17 feet. Ad- joining the Botanical Laboratory will be a Botanical Working Museum, 20 by 23 feet. In the basement will be, beside the above, a meeting room for the Biological Club, 18 by 20 feet, and two rooms, one 20 by 22, the other 18 by 31, both well lighted, for other purposes. On the third floor will be the Museum Workroom and taxidermic workshop. The remain- der of this floor will be given to photographic purposes. The Biological Department is well supplied with such apparatus as is needed for its work, including over sixty compound microscopes, rocking and sliding microtomes, in- cubator, aquaria, embedding apparatus, and a collection of several thousand mounted slides. The Botanical Working 16 ALBION COLLEGE Museum is especially designed to contribute to the work in Oecology. It already contains nearly six hundred species in the herbarium, nearly all from this locality, and many of them represented by numerous specimens which show the plant in immature as well as winter condition, etc. There is also a large number of specimens of seeds, woods, barks, fibers, med- icinal and commercial products. It is designed to make this collection as completely representative of local plant life and plant products as possible. The Zoological Lecture Room is so arranged as to be speedily darkened and is provided with a stereopticon ; and while there is an ample supply of lantern slides on hand for purposes of instruction, others are being continually added as occasion demands. The photographic equipment of the laboratory is such as to highly facilitate the rapid increase of this collection. All the laboratories are liberally provided with individ- ual private lockers, each having its own combination lock. The supply of material for study and dissection is large and is ample in amount and range of species for both elemen- tary and advanced study. It is constantly enriched through purchase as well as by the collections made by the depart- ment and friends of the College. The study and private laboratory of the professor in charge is on the first floor, adjacent to the Zoological Labor- atory, where he may be constantly consulted by those hav- ing need of his assistance. PROVISIONS FOR THE STUDY OF PHYSICS. The laboratory work in the department of Physics has been greatly strengthened by the recent purchase of a con- siderable amount of well-selected modern physical apparatus. Among the instruments now available for class illustration and laboratory work are the following: Vernier calipers, micrometer gauges, microscope, telescopes, spherometer, Jolly ' s balance, Hawkes-Atwood ' s machine, Toepler-Voss self- YEAR BOOK 17 charging electrical machine, diffraction grating, optical bench with accessories, photometric apparatus, Geneva spec- trometer, highly polished prisms, laboratory clock with sweep second hand, bending apparatus with telephone attach- ment, Boyle ' s law apparatus, Mohr ' s specific gravity balance, laboratory recorder for vibrations of tuning forks, simple pen- dulum apparatus with sounder for time work, pykno meters, moment of inertia apparatus, Kundt ' s apparatus for velocity of sound in metals, specific heat apparatus, heat of vaporiza- tion apparatus, micrometer cathetometer, rheostat, commu- tators, electric keys, electric motor, turning lathe with tools, magnets, lenses, torsional apparatus, linear expansion appa- ratus, fountain in vacuum apparatus, Madgeburg hemispheres, batteries of various kinds, Rhumkorff induction coil, resist- ance boxes, Weston voltmeter, Weston ammeter, wireless telegraphy outfit, single valued and subdivided multiple con- densers, direct reading D ' Arsonval galvanometer, tangent gal- vanometer, Rowland D ' Arsonval reflecting galvanometers with telescopes and scales, astatic galvanometer, earth inductor and other electrical measuring instruments. PROVISIONS FOR THE STUDY OF CHEMISTRY. The Chemical Laboratory is well supplied with all neces- sary chemicals and apparatus required for the various lines of work. One hundred and forty students can be accommo- dated at one time with tables fully supplied with gas and water, Bunsen burners, condensers, beakers, flasks, test-tubes, platinum ware, etc. A large amount of pure chemicals is kept on hand, and additions are constantly being made. The weighing room contains five accurate balances. Nitrometers, burettes, graduates, pipettes, thermometers, hydrometers, etc., are supplied to each student as they are needed. A battery of sufficient current for ordinary electrolytic operations is now in use, and it is expected, by the beginning of the year, to take the current from the lighting system so as to command facilities for all classes of electrolytic work. The assaying laboratory is equipped with furnaces for the complete fire- 18 ALBION COLLEGE assay, crucible, fusion, roasting and cupeling of gold, silver, lead, etc. The Portland Cement Laboratory is thoroughly equipped with all the necessary apparatus for analyzing the raw ma- terials, clay and limestone, furnaces for burning the cement, tensile strength machine and other apparatus for the complete testing of Portland cement. In this connection facilities are also provided for the examination of coal, peats and other forms of fuel. A complete laboratory for the analysis of gases, with especial reference to its application in the manufacture of illu- minating gas, has been installed. The laboratory is thoroughly equipped for, and is con- stantly carrying on, outside work in the examination of raw materials for manufacturing purposes, such as clays, marls, peat, coal, gold and silver ores, iron and steel, poisons, elixirs, sanitary and mineral waters, etc., etc. As an important and indispensable adjunct to the other apparatus may be mentioned a good working library of re- ference works. This is located in the reading-room of the Laboratory and is in constant use. The leading chemical journals are kept on file. The Journal of the Chemical Society of London, The American Chemical Journal, The Berichte de Chemischen Gesellschaft, The Chemical News, London Phar- maceutical Journal, while the general library contains full files of the American Journal of Science and Arts, Science, Popular Science Monthly and others. For detailed statement of courses in the Laboratory, see Outline of Work. YEAR BOOK 19 CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC Students are admitted to this department at any stage of the course. They must confer with the Director of the de- partment to determine what work they can properly carry. They will be assigned to such grade as their requirements in- dicate. Term tickets must be procured before entering upon the work. SCHOOL OF PAINTING Before commencing work in the studio, art students must procure tickets for the same, and talk with the head of the department as to plans of work and proficiency — if any — already gained. The order and kind of work must be subject to the judgment of the professor in charge. BUSINESS DEPARTMENT The literary attainments of students entering this depart- ment vary greatly, and hence they must be treated according to individual qualifications. The Principal must, therefore, be acquainted with the fitness of each on entering. This can only be done by full and free conference with him. PREPARATORY SCHOOL The College maintains a preparatory school for several reasons : — 1. Many young people desire to fit themselves for college, but reside in communities which are not provided with high school advantages. 20 ALBION COLLEGE 2. In many of the graded schools of the State, the work is not sufficiently extended to prepare the student for admis- sion into college classes. 3. Many of the high schools of the State do not provide instruction that will prepare for all lines of college work. Some have only an English course, others English and Scien- tific courses, etc. Many students desire to study Latin, Greek, German, etc., in preparation for college, who are un- able to find adequate provision for the same in their home graded schools. Candidates for admission into the Preparatory depart- ment must have a knowledge of the primary branches, in- cluding geography, arithmetic, grammar and spelling, so far as will fit them to take up the work of the first year. Starting with this preparation, those who are studious will be able to complete the course prescribed in four years and to enter the Freshman class. For advanced standing, examina- tions must be passed on that part of the course for which credit is given, or on work equivalent thereto, unless certifi- cates are brought for the same from accredited schools. YEAR BOOK 21 TABULATED COURSES OF STUDY IN THE PRE- PARATORY SCHOOL. FIRST YEAR. FIRST TERM. English 5 Physiology 5 U. S. History 5 English 4 Latin 5 Algebra. 3 General History... 4 SECOND TERM. English 5 Correlated Science. 5 U. S. History 5 SECOND YEAR. English 4 Latin 5 Algebra 3 General History. . .4 THIRD TERM. English 5 Correlated Science.5 Civics 5 English 4 Latin 5 Algebra 3 General History. . .4 THIRD YEAR. English 5 ( Geometry 3 ( Algebra 2 Latin, ) Greek or v 5 German ) English $ { Geometry 3 ( Algebra. 2 Latin, ) Greek or 5 German ) English 5 J Geometry 3 ( Algebra 2 Latin, ) Greek or 5 German ) FOURTH YEAR. j Plane Geometry. 3 ( Algebra 2 Physics 5 { Solid Geometry.. 3 I Algebra 2 Physics 5 j Solid Geometry. .3 ) Algebra 2 Physics 5 The following subjects are elective: — Eng. Literature 5 German 4 Latin 5 Greek 5 Life of Christ 2 Eng. Literature 5 German 4 Latin 5 Greek 5 Life of Christ 2 Amer. Literature. .5 German 4 Latin 5 Greek... , 5 Life of Christ 2 STATEMENTS IN REGARD TO THE FOREGOING ENGLISH. Course I. — Five hours per week throughout the year. A. Fall Term. — English Grammar. Maxwell ' s Advanced Lessons in English Grammar is the text used. B. Winter Term. — English Grammar. Text the same as above. C. Spring Term. — Analysis. Kimball ' s Structure of the English Sentence is the text used. Course II. — Four hours throughout the year. A. Fall Term. — The fundamental principles of Rhetoric. Study of Figures of Speech. B. Winter Term. — Theme Writing, with Outline in Nar- ration and Description. C. Spring Term. — Theme Writing. Course III. — Five hours throughout the year. In this course the aim is to make the student ' s work in Composition and his reading of the English Classics helpful to each other. A. Fall Term. — Scott Denny ' s Composition-Literature is the text used. Special practise in spelling. B. Winter Term. — Original work in Exposition and Ar- gumentation. Masterpieces. C. Spring Term. — Forms of English Poetry. Study of Masterpieces. Theme Writing. Spelling. Course IV. — Three hours throughout the year, which may be extended to five. A. Fall Term. — English Literature. From the beginning to the end of the Puritan Age. Special attention is paid to the study of Shakespeare; Julius Caesar, The Merchant of YEAR BOOK 23 Venice and Macbeth being the plays studied. The History of English Literature by Reuben Post Halleck is the text. B. Winter Term. — English Literature. Text as above. Periods studied, from the Restoration to the present time. Specimen masterpieces from representative authors are studied during this term. C. Spring Term. — American Literature. Abernethy ' s American Literature and Brander Matthew ' s An Introduction to American Literature are the texts used. Masterpieces. Note books are made throughout the year and the literary characteristics of each author under discussion clearly brought out. GERMAN. Course I. — Five hours per week throughout the year. A. — Fall Term. Reading. — Haester ' s Deutsche Fibel (a three weeks ' thor- ough drill in letters and the most difficult combination of letters) and Gluck-Auf serve as the basis of the term ' s work. Every effort is made to lead the student to think in German. Expression. — The student, from the very first, is led to express himself in German. He learns to ask and answer questions in German. Great care is exercised to cause the student to acquire the German idiom. Writing. — A well-arranged series of copy-books is used. Nos. 1, 2 and 3 are completed in the Fall term. The student is required to use the German script in all his work. Construction. — The laboratory method is used, thus en- abling the student to study the structure of the language in the concrete, a delightful change from the old method. Spanhoofd ' s Lehrbuch der Deutschen Sprache is used for drilling at home, but in the classroom only exercises especially prepared by the instructor are used. B. — Winter Term. Reading. — Continuation of Gluck-Auf. Writing. — During the Winter term, Nos. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 of the series of copy-books are completed. 24 ALBION COLLEGE Construction. Continuation of the work of the previous term. Conversation. — In addition to the German conversation used daily in the classroom, the classes are given the oppor- tunity one evening every other week, for one hour in Ger- man conversation. German only is permitted to be used on these occasions. C. — Spring Term. Reading. — Completion of Gluck-Auf. Wiedemann: Wie ich meinen Kleinen die biblischen Geschichten erzahle. Construction. — Continuation of the work of the previous term. Course II. — Four hours per week throughout the year. A. — Fall Term. Reading. — Lutz ' s Reader serves as the basis of the term ' s work. Conversation. — As far as practicable, all the class work is carried on in German. Great care is exercised to cause the student to express himself correctly. Construction. — Specially prepared exercises in language structure comprise the work of the term. B. — Winter Term. Reading. — Storm : Immensee, In St. Jurgen, Pole Poppen- spaler, serve as the basis for the term ' s work and for German Conversation. Construction. — Continuation of the work of the previous term. C. — Spring Term. Reading. — Zschokke : Der Zerbrochene Krug, Das Wirts- haus zu Cransac, Das Abenteuer in der Neujahrsnacht, serve as the basis for the term ' s work and for Conversation. Spe- cial attention is given to the analysis of the most complex Ger- man sentences. Construction. — German composition, beginning with the simple sentence, expanding the same. The student must com- pose simple letters and essays. YEAR BOOK 25 LATIN. Course I. — Five hours per week throughout the year. A. — Fall Term; B. — Winter Term; C. — Spring Term. An introductory book will be used, supplemented by selections from connected writings. In the first two terms the emphasis will be placed on forms and vocabulary, and in the third term on construction. Course II. — Five hours per week throughout the year. A. Fall Term. — The equivalent of four books of Caesar ' s Gallic War. B. Winter Term. — Sallust ' s Catiline. C. Spring Term. — Six orations of Cicero. There will be drill throughout the year in Latin Prose Composition, in sight reading, and in pronunciation, forms and syntax. Course III. — Five hours per week throughout the year. A. Fall Term. — Virgil ' s Aeneid. B. Winter Term. — Continuation of Virgil ' s Aeneid. C. Spring Term. — Completion of Virgil ' s Aeneid and reading of Cicero ' s essay, De Senectute. Drill in prose composition and in sight reading will be continued throughout the year. Especial attention will be given to poetics, an appreciation of Virgil ' s style and work, his place in literature, etc. There will be continued emphasis on all that will prepare for successful work in college Latin. GREEK. Greek is one of the most beneficial of culture studies. While it is understood that a mastery of Greek gives abun- dant mental discipline, it must be admitted that a knowledge of the language is of value to any student, whether he specialize in the technical branches, or in history, literature or philosophy. A large percentage of the nomenclature in the professional branches is derived from the Greek language. At least one year of Latin should be completed before the student begins to study Greek. Course I. — Five hours per week throughout the year. 26 ALBION COLLEGE A. — A study of forms and constructions. Translation and prose work. B. — Continuation of A. Special preparation for the study of Xenophon ' s Anabasis by vocabulary and construction study. C. — Reading from Xenophon ' s Anabasis, Book I, Collat- eral study in Greek grammar. Course II. — Five hours per week throughout the year. A. — Xenophon ' s Anabasis. Review of constructions. B. — Xenophon ' s Anabasis. Word study. C. — Homer ' s Iliad, Books I-III. A study is made of the rhythm of the Greek Epic, the setting of the Iliad, and the peculiarities of the Epic dialect. MATHEMATICS. In this department, pre-eminently, must efficient work be based on thoroughness in fundamental principles and opera- tions. Accordingly, students are urged to make a careful preparation in Arithmetic and Algebra before attempting sub- sequent work. In almost all cases where the advanced Mathe- matics have been found difficult, it has been due to defects in the study of Algebra. On the other hand, comprehension and facility in this corner-stone of analytical reasoning very gen- erally lead to rapid advancement, clear understanding and a very satisfactory appreciation of the higher branches. Arithmetic is taught in connection with the Business De- partment. Course I. — A, B and C. Beginning Algebra. Three hours per week throughout the year. A study of the Algebraic sym- bols, and of the fundamental operations, factoring, factor theorem, fractions and simple equations. Course II. — A, B and C. Third Preparatory Algebra. Two hours per week throughout the year. Simultaneous equations, graphs, inequalities, involution, evolution, theory of exponents, radicals, and quadratic equations. Course III. — A, B and C. Plane Geometry. Three hours per week throughout the year. In Geometry the prominent aim is to develop logical reasoning power, clear conceptions YEAR BOOK 27 and accurate language, to which end the benefits of this branch are well known. A large amount of original inventional work is performed, and due attention given to the practical applications of the subject. This course is intended to be taken with Course II. Course IV. — A, B and C. Fourth Preparatory Algebra. Two hours per week throughout the year. Theory of quad- ratic equations with graphs, simultaneous quadratics and appli- cations, ratio, proportion, variation, progressions, binomial theorem for positive integer, logarithms, identities and sym- metry. Course V. — Fourth Preparatory Geometry. Three hours per week throughout the year. A. — Plane Geometry reviewed and completed. B. — Solid Geometry. A study of lines and planes in space and of polyhedrons. C. — Solid Geometry continued. A study of the cylinder, cone and sphere. This course is intended to be taken with Course IV. PHYSIOLOGY. A course of five hours per week, during the fall term of the first year. An elementary course, not experimental, but illustrated by such dissections and exhibition of mounted specimens as may be necessary to make the subject real. PHYSICS. The course in Physics, in the last year of the preparatory course, will be a five hours ' course and will extend through- out the year. This course will consist of illustrated lectures, recitations and laboratory work. It must be preceded by a course in Algebra and one in Plane Geometry. HISTORY AND CIVICS. Course I. — United States History. Five hours per week throughout the Fall and Winter terms. McLaughlin ' s His- tory of the American Nation will be used as a text. Collat- 28 ALBION COLLEGE eral reading will also be required. The main purpose of the course is the narrative history and the history of institution making. Course II. — General History. Four hours per week throughout the year. A. — Grecian History. A general study of the country, customs, manners and government of Greece. Text, Morey ' s History of Greek. B. — Roman History. A study especially designed to ac- quaint the student, in a general way, with the development of the Roman constitution. Text, Morey ' s Outlines of Roman History, and the Development of the Roman Constitution by Tighe. C. — Mediaeval History. Four hours per week during the Winter term. This course is intended to give the student a general knowledge of the Dark Ages. Text, Myers ' Mediae- val and Modern History. D. — Modern History. Four hours per week during the Spring term. Outline study of the Reformation in Germany and England; the Revolt of the Netherlands; the growth of absolute monarchy in France; the French Revolution, etc. Text, Myers ' Mediaeval and Modern History. Course III. — Civil Government. Five hours per week during the Spring term. Outline of national, state and local government, with especial reference to Michigan. Texts, Boynton ' s School Civics and McKone ' s Michigan State and Local Government. REQUIREMENTS FOR ADMISSION The foregoing statement of the work of the Preparatory School presents the provisions made by the institution to fit for college. The larger field of preparation, however, is the High Schools. The Faculty of Albion College have long believed that the requirements for admission to college should exhibit a high degree of flexibility. They have recognized the fact that the high school exists to meet local wants, and does its work best when it most fully meets such wants. For some years the Faculty of Albion College have been studying this ques- tion in the light of all the information they could obtain, with a careful scrutiny of the principles involved, and have reached the conclusion that the courses of study best adapted to the purposes of the high school may, and ought to be, accepted in preparation for college. We have tried the experiment and found it successful, of taking the student at the point up to which the best schools have educated him, giving him credit for all his work, in the line he has chosen. This practically throws college doors open to a large number of young per- sons who, under the old system, would be deprived of the ad- vantages provided in the higher institutions of learning. By this plan we do not admit at any lower point of scholarship, but make the lines of study in preparation more flexible, holding that it is training and culture that are needed, which can be secured through superior and adequate range of work, rather than by adherence to the old methods of following always a special line of studies. We have found that a large number of schools of twelve grades — in the quality and extent of work done — may be trusted to prepare for the Freshman year in college ; and that many of the schools of eleven grades 30 ALBION COLLEGE may be relied upon to fit the pupil for the fourth or highest Sub-Collegiate year. We accept, therefore, without examination of students, the work of the best high schools of twelve grades as prepara- tion for college. Under the same conditions we shall admit into our fourth Sub-Collegiate year from schools of eleven grades which are known to be doing satisfactory work. We advise students to pursue the same general line of work as that in which they have been prepared for college. No one class of work can arrogate to itself the term culture. Many lines of work lead to the same end if intelligently and faithfully pursued, and each brings its possessor power and success. This idea has now so far won acceptance that we present the following alternative requirements for admission. Fifteen units are required for admission to the Freshman Class ; a unit is defined as one year ' s work of not less than four recitation periods per week, — provided that in the sciences, laboratory periods shall be estimated at one-half the rate for recitation periods. Of these units the following are required of all:— English, three units. Mathematics, two units. Physics, one unit. Language (Latin, Greek, French or German), two units. These two units must be offered in the same language. The remaining units may be offered from among the fol- lowing; and the total number of units, including the absolute requirements, may be offered to the extent indicated : — English, four units. Latin, four units. Greek, three units. German, three units. French, two units. Algebra, one and one-half units. Geometry, one and one-half units. General History, one unit. YEAR BOOK 3 1 American History and Civics, one unit. English History, one unit. Physics, one unit. Chemistry, one unit. Zoology and Botany (combined), one unit. Zoology, one unit. Botany, one unit. Physiography, one unit. Any student who has not had a thorough course in both Arithmetic and U. S. History will be required to complete such work before being permitted to qualify as college Freshman. DESCRIPTION OF UNITS. The following descriptive outline indicates the amount of preparation expected in each of the subjects which may be offered as units. English. — The College entrance requirements in English are in accordance with the action of The Michigan Association of Colleges, at its meeting, May 25, 1895. The recommenda- tions are as follows: — 1. That the several colleges of the association in their entrance requirements in English conform to the recommen- dations of The English Conference of the Eastern and Mid- dle States ' as given below. 2. Further, that in these requirements they seek to de- velop in the pupils of the secondary schools the power of ex- temporaneous speaking. Note. — No candidate will be accepted in En glish for col- lege classification whose work is notably defective in point of spelling, punctuation, idiom or division into paragraphs. 1. Reading. — A certain number of books will be set for reading. The candidate will be required to present evidence of a general knowledge of the subject-matter and to answer simple questions on the lives of the authors. The form of the examination will usually be the writing of a paragraph or two on each of several topics, to be chosen by the candi- ALBION COLLEGE date from a considerable number — perhaps ten or fifteen — set before him in the examination paper. The treatment of these topics is designed to test the candidate ' s power of clear and accurate expression, and will call for only a general knowledge of the substance of the books. In place of a part or the whole of this text, the candidate may present an exer- cise book, properly certified by his instructor, containing compositions or other written work done in connection with the reading of the books. The following requirements in English for admission to American colleges are observed: — (a) To be read, 1905-06: Coleridge ' s The Rime of the Ancient Mariner; George Eliot ' s Silas Marner; Irving ' s Life of Goldsmith; Scott ' s Ivanhoe; Scott ' s Lady of the Lake; Shakespeare ' s Macbeth; Shakespeare ' s Merchant of Venice; The Sir Roger de Coverley Papers; Tennyson ' s Idylls of the King; Gareth and Lynett, the Passing of Arthur, Launcelot and Elaine ; Lowell ' s Vision of Sir Launfal. (b) To be studied carefully, 1905-06: Burke ' s Speech on Conciliation with America; Macaulay ' s Life of Samuel John- son; Macaulay ' s Addison; Shakespeare ' s Julius Caesar; Milton ' s L ' Allegro, II Penseroso, Comus, Lycidas. English Literature. The unit in this subject is optional. Stoffard A. Brooke ' s English Literature, or any manual of equal grade, may be used for an outline of the subject. Mathematics. — The required units include — A. A course in elementary algebra, including the funda- mental operations involved in factoring, factor theorem, frac- tions, simple equations, identities, symmetry, inequalities, ex- ponents, radicals, quadratics, theory of and application of graphs, binomial theorem for positive integers, logarithms, proportion, and the progressions; B. The ordinary work of demonstration and construc- tion covering plane, solid and spherical geometry as given in such texts as those of Beman and Smith, Wells, and Went- worth. Physics. — The required unit in physics includes an amount YEAR BOOK 33 represented by Carhart and Chute ' s High School Physics, or Mann and Twiss ' High School Physics. The instruction in the class room should be supplemented by work in the physical laboratory to the extent of one period a week throughout the year. Chemistry. — The unit in chemistry includes an amount of work equivalent to that presented in Remsen ' s Briefer Course in Chemistry. The text book work should be accom- panied by laboratory work. Physiography. — The unit in this subject includes an amount represented by Davis ' Physical Geography, or Tarr ' s New Physical Geography. The text book work should be supplemented by field excursions, laboratory work, and the general reading of such books as Shaler ' s Outlines of the Earth ' s History, and Aspects of the Earth ; Russell ' s Lakes of North America, Glaciers of North America, and Rivers of North America. Botany. — A course such as is outlined in Bergen ' s Founda- tions of Botany or Stevens ' Outlines of Botany. This should include at least two double-period laboratory exercises and two recitations per week. The student should obtain some familiarity with the more common plants. Notebooks should be kept, with drawings, the same to be presented with other credentials upon entrance. Zoology. — Such a text as French ' s Animal Activities, Jordan and Kellogg ' s Animal Life or Davenport ' s Introduc- tion to Zoology will be acceptable. Laboratory work should cover ten of the following forms or their equivalents: Amoeba, Paramoecium, Hydra, Earthworm, Clam, Snail, Crayfish, Grasshopper, Fish, Frog, Bird or Mammal. So far as possible the study should be made from the living animals, noting their habits, adaptations, etc. Notebooks required. Biology. — A course made up of selected parts from the above courses. Especial attention should be called to the fundamental identity of the processes involved in both plant and animal life. Notebooks should cover not only the labor- atory work but the conclusions drawn from the class dis- cussions. 34 ALBION COLLEGE History. — The units in history are as follows: — (1) General History, with a text equivalent to Myers General History to the year 800, one unit. (2) U. S. History and Civics, with texts equivalent to McLaughlin ' s History of the American Nation and Boyn- ton ' s School Civics, one unit. (3) English History, one unit. Greek. — The three units in Greek should be made up of the following or their equivalents: — First Year: Completion of a book in Beginning Greek and one book of Anabasis. Second Year : Three books of Anabasis and one book of Homer; drill in Greek prose composition. Third Year: Four books of Homer; drill in Greek prose composition. Latin. — First Year: The completion of a good begin- ning book, such as that of Collar and Daniel, and the equiva- lent of one-half of Book I of Caesar ' s Commentaries, one unit. Second Year: The completion of four books of Caesar ' s Commentaries, or the equivalent, and the equivalent of one hour a week in Latin composition throughout the year, one unit. Third Year: The completion of six of Cicero ' s Orations (one of them to be the Manilian law), and Latin Composi- tion equivalent to one hour a week throughout the year, one unit. Fourth Year: The completion of six books of Virgil ' s Aeneid, a review of Latin composition; the study of Latin synonyms and scansion of hexameter verse, one unit. German. — First Year: Drill in German pronunciation; elements of German grammar; translation of simple English into German to fix grammatical rules; reading of at least 150 pages of easy German from Gluck Auf or Gurber ' s Marchen und Erzahlungen or their equivalent, one unit. Second Year: Review of first year ' s work, Harris ' Ger- man Composition or its equivalent; reading of 250 pages of short German stories, such as Immensee, L ' Arrabbiata, Das YEAR BOOK 35 Madchen von Treppi, Waldnonvellen, etc., one unit. Third Year: Review of German grammar and a careful study of German syntax; translation from English into Ger- man; paraphrasing, abstracts; reading of 450 pages of more difficult prose and poetry, such as Wilhelm Tell, Jungfrau v. Orleans, Minna v. Barnhelm, selections from the lyrics of Goethe, Schiller, Heine, etc., one unit. French. — First Year : Pronunciation ; inflection of nouns and adj ectives ; pronouns ; regular and irregular verbs ; trans- lation of easy English into French; translation from French prose into English; reading of such stories as Gurber ' s Contes et Legendes, Toronot ' s Le Tour de la France, etc., one unit. Second Year: Practise in dictation; review of French grammar; study of idiomatic expressions; translation from English into French; reading of such selections as Foncin ' s Le Pays de France, Victor Hugo ' s Les Chatiments, one unit. Students who have prepared for college in any particular course will naturally pursue their work through College along corresponding lines. The regulations for admission contained in the preceding paragraphs apply to all schools which, a. Have been approved by us; or b. Have been approved by the Faculty of the University of Michigan; or c. Have supplied us with the evidence that, in extent, quality and completeness of work, the pupil has gained the scholarship and culture required to enter our classes. If the school has received formal approval according to (a) or (b) of this paragraph, we shall admit students directly on their diplomas and certificates. But if the school is not included in one of these classes, and it is desired to enter into relations with Albion College, the course or courses of study must be transmitted to us with such statements in regard to work done as are considered important. This will be preliminary to an adjustment of relations. 36 ALBION COLLEGE To be admitted into the College without examination, the student, if coming from a school included in one of the classes (a) or (b), will present his diploma or certificates, together with a letter from the Superintendent or Principal of the school, informing us that his work has been thoroughly done, that his habits are studious, and that he possesses capacity for genuine scholarship. On the strength of this, he may be im- mediately classified. If he comes from a school embraced in class (c), he must present his diploma or school certificates, with a letter from the Superintendent or Principal of the school, certifying to the earnestness and success of his school work. He will then be classified provisionally, according to the tenor of these documents, which classification will be made permanent after a few weeks ' successful study in the insti- tution. Blank forms for the admission of students, with lists of their credits, may be obtained upon application. ADVANCED CREDIT. On account of the exceptional length and fulness of the courses in some of the best high schools, the graduate some- times finds that he has covered more subjects and done more work than is required for entrance into the best colleges. Such a graduate will be able to get advanced credit for some of the subjects taken by fulfilling the following require- ments : — (1) Applications for advanced standing shall be pre- sented to the chairman of the committee on Advanced Stand- ing, on or before October 31, of the applicant ' s first year in college, — and not thereafter. (2) Applications for advanced standing should be ac- companied by an explicit official certificate describing the ex- tent and character of the work done, for which advanced credit is desired. (3) No application for advanced standing will be con- sidered unless accompanied by a letter from the principal of YEAR BOOK 37 the high school, from which the applicant graduated, recom- mending the granting of the credit desired. (4) No advanced credit will be given unless the student shall have been in college one term, and shall have done acceptable work in all his classes. Applications for advanced standing shall be considered by the committee on Advanced Standing, and its recommenda- tions shall be reported to the faculty at the third regular faculty meeting in January. COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS INTRODUCTORY STATEMENT. In harmony with the progressive movement of educational affairs, Albion College will confer the degree of Bachelor of Arts upon all persons who come to us with suitable prepara- tion and who complete in a satisfactory manner a sufficient number of courses to credit them with 180 hours of colle- giate work, subject to such limitations of selection as are set forth under the heading Grouping of elective work. An hour of college work is understood to mean one hour of recitation or lecture work per week through one term. Graduates of accredited high schools will be admitted to our Collegiate department without examination, and, in addi- tion to our required work in English, will be permitted to enter any of our courses for which they are fitted, due regard being had to the necessary sequence of courses. Each Professor, in his own department, will prescribe the order in which his courses must be taken. Students of collegiate rank who fail in any study because of inadequate preparation will be allowed to make up their preparatory work in our Academic department, but such work will not be counted to their credit upon collegiate courses. DEPARTMENTS OF INSTRUCTION ANCIENT LANGUAGES LATIN. Course I. — Three hours per week throughout the year. Roman Social and Political Life. This course will con- sider the social and political side of Roman civilization. It will include connected readings from Roman historians and supplementary studies in Geography, Religion and Mythology and in the private and public life of the people. A. Fall Term. — Latin readings in legendary and authen- tic history from Livy. B. Winter Term. — Sallust ' s Jugurthine War. C. Spring Term. — Tacitus ' Germania. In this year ' s work there may be supplementary reading from English authors and from additional Latin authors. Course II. — One hour per week throughout the year. Re- quired of all students who take Course I ; open to others. A. Fall Term. — Greek and Roman Religion. B. Winter Term. — Roman Private Life. C. Spring Term. — Roman Public Life. Course III. — Three hours per week throughout the year. Roman Art and Artistic Literature. This course will con- sider the aesthetic side of Roman civilization. It will include readings from the Roman poets, and studies in Roman art. A. Fall Term. — Lyric Poetry, Horace and Catullus. B. Winter Term. — Satiric Poetry, Horace, Perseus, Juve- nal. C. Spring Term. — The Drama, Plautus and Terence. Course IV. — Three hours per week throughout the year. 40 ALBION COLLEGE Roman Philosophy. This course will consider the philo- sophic or reflective side of Roma n civilization. The ethical schools of the Romans will be studied in relation to Greek philosophy on the one hand, and to Roman religion on the other. A. Fall Term. — Eclecticism, Cicero. B. Winter Term. — Epicureanism, Lucretius. C. Spring Term. — Stoicism, Seneca. Course V. — Two hours per week throughout the year. Supplementary Roman Literature. This course will con- sist of such of the courses named below as the class may elect. It offers several important phases of Roman life and litera- ture not included in the courses offered above. A. — Roman History and Biography, Tacitus, Suetonius, Paterculus. B. — Roman Rhetoric and Oratory, Cicero, Quintilian. C. — Roman Elegiac Poetry, Ovid, Tibullus, Propertius. D. — Roman Literary Criticism, Cicero, Horace, Quintilian. E. — Roman Epistolary Writings, Cicero, Pliny, Horace, etc. F. — Roman Literary Miscellanies, Epigram, etc., Martial, Aulus Gellius. G. — General Survey of Roman Literature, illustrated by short selections from many authors. H. — Latin Pedagogy. A study of Principles and Methods. Intended especially for students who expect to teach Latin. Includes advanced Latin prose composition illustrative of principles in syntax, and sight reading from Caesar, Nepos, Cicero, Virgil, Livy, etc. GREEK. Course III. — Four hours per term. A. — Odyssey. B. — Thucydides. C. — Aeschylus. Course IV. — Four hours per term. . — Sophocles. 1 YEAR BOOK 41 B. — Euripides. C— Plato. Course V. — Three hours per term. A. — Attic Orators. B.— Attic Drama. C. — Attic Comedy. Course VI. — Three hours per term. A. — Pausanias. Collateral reading upon the topography and mythology of Athens. B. — Neo-Hellenic. An introduction to the study of Mod- ern Greek, th e course being based upon Thumb ' s Handbuch der neugriechischen Volkssprache. C. — Epigraphy. A study of early Greek alphabets and in- scriptions. Course VII. — Seminar. Special facilities are offered for students desiring to do advanced or graduate work. Courses will be arranged to meet the requirements of individual stu- dents. GERMAN AND GERMAN LITERATURE. Course III. — Four hours per week throughout the year. A. — Fall Term. Literature. — Grillparzer : Der Traum ein Leben, Sappho, Biography. This will be supplemented by lectures on Ger- man dramatic criticism. German Composition. — A thorough review of the cardinal points of German grammar, and a thorough application of the same in German composition. German conversation. B. — Winter Term. Literature. — Grillparzer: Das Goldene Vliess (Der Gast- freund; Die Argonauten; Medea). Lessing: Emilia Galotti. This will be supplemented by lectures on Lessing as the reformer of German literature. German Composition. — Continuation of the work of the previous term. German synonyms. German conversation, 42 ALBION COLLEGE C. — Spring Term. Literature. — Lessing: Minna von Barnhelm, Nathan der Weise. Supplemented by lectures on Lessing. German Composition. — Continuation of the work of the previous term. German conversation. No student is eligible who has not taken Courses I and II, or their equivalent. Course IV. — Four hours per week throughout the year. Not given in 1906-07. A. — Fall Term. Commercial German. — A course in practical German. This course is intended to acquaint the student with the techni- cal terms, forms, and correspondence of the German commer- cial world. Damm ' s Wortfamilien. This work is largely conversational. B. — Winter Term. German Literature. — Heine and the Romantic School. Heine ' s biography. Damm ' s Wortfamilien. German conver- sation. C. — Spring Term. Journalistic German. — German magazines, such as the Gartenlaube or the Woche will be read. Damm ' s Wort- familien. German conversation. Course V. — Four hours per week throughout the year. A. — Fall Term. Literature.— Goethe: Hermann und Dorothea; Biography by Bielschowsky. B. — Winter Term. Literature.— Goethe: Dramas, supplemented by readings from Goethe ' s Wahrheit und Dichtung, and by lectures on German dramaturgy. C. — Spring Term. Literature. — Goethe: Faust, supplemented by collateral readings. Course VI. — Four hours per week throughout the year. Not given in 1906-07, YEAR BOOK 43 A. — Fall Term. Literature. — Schiller : Gedichte ; Die Rauber ; Kabale und Liebe ; Don Karlos. Collateral readings on the life of Schiller. B. — Winter Term. Literature. — Schiller: Wallenstein (Wallenstein ' s Larger; Die Piccolomini ; Wallenstein ' s Tod) ; Geschichte des Dreis- sigjahrigen Krieges; Maria Stuart. C. — Spring Term. Literature. — Schiller: Die Jungfrau von Orleans; Die Braut von Messina; Wilhelm Tell. Course VII. — Two hours per week throughout the year. A. — Fall Term. Normal German. — Students will be expected to annotate some easy modern texts, and the work will be discussed by the students and the instructor. B. — Winter Term. Normal German. — Continuation of the work of the pre- vious term. C. — Spring Term. Normal German. — Students are expected to teach some small classes in French or German. Course VIII. — Four hours per week during the Fall Term. Not given in 1906. Scientific German. — This course is designed to give the student a preparation sufficient to become at home in German scientific literature. The work done covers reading in physics, chemistry, mineralogy, biology, botany, etc. Note. — No student is eligible who has not taken Courses I and II, or their equivalent. Course IX. — Two hours per week during the Winter and Spring terms. Not given in 1907. German Daily Life. — A conversational course, supplement- ing the study of German. This course is intended to acquaint the student with the life, manners, and institutions of the peo- ple of Germany. Kron ' s German Daily Life serves as the basis of the work, supplemented by brief lectures (in Ger- man) by the instructor. 44 ALBION COLLEGE Note. — This class is limited to sixteen in number. No student is eligible to this class except he has had at least one year of German ; is regularly enrolled at that time in another class in German, and has been approved by the instructors of the department. ROMANCE LANGUAGES FRENCH. Course I. — Four hours per week throughout the year. A. Fall Term. — Pronunciation. Inflection of nouns and adjectives; pronouns; regular and irregular verbs; reading of easy prose. B. Winter Term. — Review of the work in Grammar done in the previous term. Translation from English into French. Easy French prose explained in French. C. Spring Term. — Translation from English into French. Continuation of Grammar. French conversation. Easy French prose and poetry. Course II. — Four hours per week throughout the year. A. Fall Term. — Practise in dictation. Written exercises in French. Resumes in French of French selections. French prose and poetry. B. Winter Term. — Practise in dictation continued. Study of idiomatic expressions with exercises embodying the idioms studied. C. Spring Term. — Historical French. Continuation of the work of the previous term. French readings. Course III. — Four hours per week throughout the year. A. Fall Term. — Literature of the seventeenth century. DuvaPs Histoire de la Litterature Francaise. B. Winter Term. — Continuation of the previous term ' s work with themes in French. C. Spring Term. — Continuation of A and B. Themes in French. French conversation. YEAR BOOK 45 Course IV. — Four hours per week throughout the year. A. Fall Term. — Discussion of methods of teaching French suited to the needs of teachers in French. History of French Grammar. Contemporary Literature. B. Winter Term. — History of French Grammar contin- ued. Review of the essentials of French Grammar. Text- books mostly in French and German. C. Spring Term. — Conversation. Composition. Relation of French to Latin and English. Course V. — Two hours per week throughout the year. A. Fall Term. — French Daily Life. Common words and common phrases, good for students and travelers. B. Winter Term. — Classroom conversation. C. Spring Term. — Facts of Life. Home Life, the School, Traveling, Plants. Course VI. — Four hours per week throughout the year. A. Fall Term. — Literature of the eighteenth century. Essays in French. Considerable reading. B. Winter Term. — Literature of the nineteenth century. Acquaintance with contemporary literature. C. Spring Term. — Ninteenth century literature. Collat- eral reading. SPANISH. Edgren ' s Grammar, Libro Primero de Lectura, Libro Segundo de Lectura, Aritmetica Elemental, Geografia Ele- mental, Libro Tercero de Lectura, Historia de los Estados Unidos, Aritmetica Practica. Attention will also be given to reading and speaking. The courses will meet four times a week throughout the year. A similar method will be pursued in the Italian courses. ITALIAN. Course I. — A — Grandgent ' s Grammar and Composition. I Promessi Sposi. Fall term. Two hours. B. — Continuation of I, and selections from Boccaccio. Winter term. Two hours. C. — Selections from Ariosto, Boccaccio, Petrarca and Dante. Spring term. Two hours. 46 ALBION COLLEGE ENGLISH LANGUAGE Course I. — Three hours a week throughout the year. Re- quired of all Freshmen. A. Fall Term. — Rhetoric and Composition. A study of the principles of Rhetoric, with practise in writing composi- tions. All candidates for admission to this course must take a preliminary examination in spelling and punctuation, and all who are found deficient will be required to make up these subjects before receiving credit for the course. Newcomer ' s Elements of Rhetoric is the text used. B. Winter Term. — A continuation of the Fall term ' s work, with a study of Figures of Speech. C. Spring Term. — Synonyms. A course in the study of synonymous words based on Smith ' s Synonyms Discriminated as a text. By vote of the faculty, two years of English are hereafter required for graduation, beginning with the class of 1909. The fallowing is the course for the second year of required work :- - Course II. — Advanced Composition. Three hours a week throughout the year. A. Fall Term. — Compositions with class criticisms two days a week; lectures and recitations on assigned reading the third. The object of this course is to perfect the student in the practise f the principles studied in Course I. The stu- dent will be expected to write accurately and easily on a wide variety of subjects under logical composition. Baldwin ' s A College Manual of Rhetoric is the text used. B. Winter Term. — Continuation of A. In addition, a study of literary composition. The development of artistic composition in description and the short story. C. Spring Term. — Continuation of B. The modern critical essay, criticisms of current literature, versification and the media of poetry. Open only to those who have completed Course I. YEAR BOOK 47 Course III. — Two hours a week. A, Fall Term, and B, Winter Term. — Prose Master- pieces. An inductive study of the masterpieces of English prose from Bacon to Emerson, with Clark ' s A Study of Eng- lish Prose Masterpieces as a text. The purpose of the text is twofold : first, to give the student a general analytical survey of English prose. C. Spring Term. — The Nineteenth Century Essay. A study of the essayists of the nineteenth century from Landor to Stevenson. Primarily for those who have com- pleted Prose Masterpieces. Course III is open only :o those who have completed Course I or Course II. Course IV. — Writing. One hour a v eek throughout the year. This course is designed to furnish an opportunity to practise for those students who wish to develop the art of writing. No limit is placed on the range of subjects to be written on. Open only to those who have had two years of work in the department of English Language. The instructor reserves the right to limit the number of this class at his dis- cretion. Course V. — Forensics. A course in debating. Two hours a week throughout the year. Weekly drill in speaking and in the drawing of briefs upon assigned topics. Open only to those who have completed English I. ENGLISH LITERATURE Course I. — Critical survey of English Literature. A. — History of early English Literature, including a study of Childe ' s Boewulf. Study of Chaucer ' s Canterbury Tales, with collateral reading in Langland and Wyclif. Brief study of Gower, Lydgate, Occleve, Hawes, Skelton, the most pop- ular mediaeval ballads and Tottefs Miscellany. Critical dis- 48 ALBION COLLEGE cussion of Malory ' s Morte d ' Arthur, More ' s Utopia, and Lyly ' s Euphues. First term, four hours. B. — Edmund Spenser. The rise and development of the drama, with a study of dramatic law and technique, from the time of the Miracle Play. Second term, four hours. C. — Milton, Dryden, Pope and some of the lesser poets of the Jacobean, Caroline and Augustan periods. Bacon, Swift and Johnson. Third term, four hours. Course II. — Nineteenth Century Poetry. A. — The Romantic Movement. Influence of the French Revolution and German Transcendental Philosophy. Words- worth and Shelley. First term, three hours. B. — Keats and Byron. Second term, three hours. C. — Browning and Tennyson. Third term, three hours. Course III. — Nineteenth Century Prose. A. — Jeffries, Hunt, Christopher North, Hazlitt, Lamb and Landor. First term, three hours. B. — Carlyle, Coleridge and Ruskin. Second term, three hours. C. — DeQuincey, Arnold and Pater. Third term, three hours. Courses II and III given alternate years. Course IV. A. — Theories of Literary Criticism. Study of the principles laid down by Plato, Aristotle, Addison, Lessing and contemporary views as seen in Arnold, Robert- son, Moulton, etc. First term, two hours. B. — Principles of Criticism applied to the study of the Epic, Lyric and Drama; the Novel, Essay and Romance. Second term, two hours. C. — Poetics. An investigation of the laws and art of verse-making. Third term, two hours. Course V. — Shakespeare. Careful reading of certain plays illustrating the development of his dramatic art. First term, three hours. Course VI. — Development of the Novel. From Fielding to Stevenson. Second and third terms, three hours. YEAR BOOK 49 Required of candidates for State Teachers ' Certificates : Methods in English. Two hours. Seminar. — One hour throughout the year. Only part of the foregoing courses given 1906-07. ELOCUTION AND ORATORY Oratory I. — A study of the principles of Elocution. Two hours a week throughout the year. A, B and C. — Especial emphasis is laid on the develop- ment of the voice for purity, variety and energy of tone. The course is designed to aid the student in overcoming manner- isms, to assist him in acquiring accuracy of pronunciation, clearness of enunciation and directness of address. Particular attention is paid to the oratorical style, as the aim of the course is to make good public speakers rather than public en- tertainers. Oratory .—A, Fall Term, and B, Winter Term. A course in the study of oratorical composition. Two hours a week. The student is required to read and analyze examples of standard English oratory and to work out the principles of oration writing. He is also required to write and pronounce at least one oration a term on assigned or on chosen topics. The members of the class are urged to avoid the standard prevalent in college oratorical efforts and to study the re- quirements of the broader style of oratory demanded by every-day life. The recitation periods are divided equally between the study of the oration and drill in delivery. Open only to those who have completed Oratory I and English I. C. — Bible, Hymn and Liturgic Reading. Primarily for those intending to enter the ministry. 50 ALBION COLLEGE HISTORY, ECONOMICS, POLITICAL SCIENCE HISTORY. Course I. — History of Europe. From dissolution of Roman Empire to the founding of the German Empire. A. Fall Term.— Three hours. From the beginning of the encroachment of the Teutons upon Rome to the breaking up of Charlemagne ' s Empire. Topical Study. Collateral read- ing. Lectures. B. Winter Term. — Three hours. From the Empire of Charlemagne to the Fall of Constantinople. Method same as A above. C. Spring Term. — Three hours. From the Fall of Con- stantinople to the Founding of the German Empire. Method same as A and B above. Course II. — History of Civilization. A. Fall Term. — Three hours. A review of the Elements of Civilization from a historical standpoint. Text-book and collateral reading. B. Winter Term. — Three hours. Continuation of A above. Course III. — Europe in the Nineteenth Century. C. Spring Term. — Three hours. Growth of Democracy in England, France and Germany. Topical study. Lectures. Course IV. — American History. C. Spring Term. — Four hours. From discovery of America to 1760. Topical study. Reading. Reports. A. Fall Term.— Four hours. From 1760 to 1817. Special emphasis on development of Constitution. B. Winter Term. — Four hours. From 18 L7 to 1860. Development of the Constitution. Political and Social His- tory. C. Spring Term. — Three hours. From I860 through Civil War and Reconstruction periods. Course V.— English History. 1907-8. A. Fall Term. — Four hours. From beginning of English History through the reign of Elizabeth. Particular attention YEARBOOK 51 paid to Constitutional and Economic history. Text-book. Reports. Lectures. B. Winter Term. — Four hours. From reign of James I to 1885. ECONOMICS AND SOCIOLOGY. Course I. — Political Economy. Fall term. Four hours. An introduction to all courses in Economics and Sociology. The object of the course is to acquaint the student with the nature of economic laws, the scope and method of the science and the application of its principles to practical questions. Texts, Bullock ' s Introduction to the Study of Economics. Hadley ' s Economics. Course II. A. — Economic Problems. Fall term. Three hours. Capital, labor, railroads, trusts and combinations. Lectures and reports. Open only to those who have had Course I. B. Winter Term. — Two hours. Continuation of Course II. Course III. — Advanced Economics. B. Winter Term. — Three hours, A more thorough study of economic laws and principles. Marshall ' s Principles of Economics, Clark ' s Distribution of Wealth. Open only to those who have taken Course I or its equivalent. C. Spring Term. — Three hours. Continuation of Course III. Course IV. — Taxat ion and Finance. Winter term. Four hours. 1908. The principles and methods of taxation and public expenditure. Open only to those who have had Course I or its equivalent. Course V. — Economic Seminar. One hour weekly throughout the year. This is a course offered to a limited number of students wishing to do special work in economics. Course VI. — History and Theory of Banking. Winter term. 1908. Two hours. This will include a study of the principles of money, credit and foreign exchange. Course VII. — Socialism. Spring term. Two hours. A study of socialistic theories of production and distribution. 52 ALBION COLLEGE Open only to those who have had Course I or its equivalent. Course VIII. — General Sociology. Winter term. Four hours. A study of principles of human association, elemen- tary social laws and forces. Fairbanks Introduction to Sociology and Gidding ' s Principles of Sociology. Course IX. — Practical Sociology. Spring term. Two hours. A study of crime and pauperism and their relation to state action. Visits to county and state institutions. Text, Henderson ' s Dependents, Defectives and Delinquents, and Warner ' s American Charities. POLITICAL SCIENCE. Course I. — Civil Government. Three hours weekly in Spring term. Designed as an introduction to the courses in American History and Constitutional Law, to which courses this is a prerequisite. Course II. — Political Science and Constitutional Law. Four hours. Spring term. Text, Burgess, with references to Bluntschli, Willoughby, Wilson and others. Given in 1908. Course III. — International Law. Four hours. Spring term. Principles and Practise of the Law of Nations. Law- rence — Principles of International Law. MATHEMATICS The object of this department is twofold, — to give mental discipline and to practically apply the principles to the differ- ent arts and sciences. Clear thinking and the expression of such thoughts in graphic form or by concise English are em- phasized; mechanical methods of obtaining results are avoided. Though many of the subjects offered are usually classed under Pure Mathematics, their practical application is given due prominence. The wisdom of this course will be easily seen when it is remembered that mathematical pruv YEAR BOOK 53 ciples underlie the great mechanical enterprises of modern civilization. At the beginning of the Freshman year, a few days will be given to a review of the fundamental principles of Algebra, and those who show a marked deficiency therein will not be allowed to continue. Justice to the student as well as to the department requires this. Course I. — College Algebra, Plane and Spherical Trigo- nometry. A fundamental course for College Mathematics, Astronomy and Physics. Four hours per week throughout the year. A. — Theory of Quadratics, Graphs, Symmetry, Inequali- ties, Progressions, Logarithms, Limits, Series, Convergency and Divergency, Permutations and Combinations, Binomial Theorem, Identities and Undetermined Coefficients. Fall term. B. — An elementary development of both Plane and Spher- ical Trigonometry, consisting of the ordinary formulae and their use in the solution of triangles, right and oblique, plane and spherical; exercises in analytical reductions. Winter term. C. — A continuation of the work of first and second terms, Summation of Series, Interpolation. An elementary study of the Theory of Equations, giving the properties of the gen- eral equation with graphical method; solution of numerical equations by Sturm ' s Theorem and Horner ' s Method; Car- dan ' s Solution of the Cubic; Trigonometric Algebra, in- cluding Equations; De Moivre ' s Theorem, convergency of a few trigonometric series and application in computing trigo- nometric tables. Spring term. Course II. — Plane Analytic Geometry. Four hours. Fall term. Prerequisite, Course I. The Cartesian and Polar co-ordi- nates of point, line, circle, parabola, ellipse and hyperbola; the general quadratic equation ; problems in Loci. Course III. — Differential and Integral Calculus. Four hours per week. Winter and Spring terms. 54 ALBION COLLEGE Prerequisites, Courses I and II. Both derivatives and dif- ferentials are used. Integration is taken up before Differen- tiation is completed. In addition to the conic sections, some of the higher plane curves are studied. An early application of Calculus is a feature of the work. Course IV. — Plane Surveying. Four hours. Fall term. Prerequisite, Course I. Use of compass, transit, level; land surveying, leveling, topographical work, laying out roads, streets and railroad curves. Course V. — Geometrical Conies. Two hours. Winter term. Prerequisite, admission requirements to Freshman class in Algebra and Geometry. Recommended to be taken before Course II. A course on the Parabola, Ellipse and Hyperbola as Loci and as Conic sections, from the standpoint of Ele- mentary Geometry. Advanced Mathematics. — Each term a course (usually of four hours) will be offered from some one of the following. Prerequisites in all cases, Course I; and in many cases, Courses I, II and III. Differential and Integral Calculus. Continuation of Course III. Determinants. Theory of Equations. Higher Trigonometry. Higher Algebra. History of Mathematics. Differential Equations. Analytic Mechanics. Analytic Geometry of two dimensions. Analytic Geometry of three dimensions. Differential Calculus. Integral Calculus. Descriptive Geometry. Projective Geometry. Surveying. Further information will be furnished on application. YEAR BOOK 55 ASTRONOMY This department is necessarily closely allied with that of Mathematics. A clear idea of Spherical Geometry is needed even in an elementary course, and Spherical Trigonometry is used more and more as one advances. The aim will be to use enough of the wealth of astronomical mythology, biography and history to make this science highly interesting. Course I. — Descriptive Astronomy. Four hours. Spring term. Prerequisites, admission requirements to Freshman class in Algebra and Geometry, and High School Physics. An elementary course whose purpose is to give the student a conception of the solar system and stellar heavens. Atten- tion will be paid to the constellations and current celestial phenomena. Observations with the naked eye and equatorial telescope. Course II. — General and Practical Astronomy. Three hours per week throughout the year. Prerequisites, Elemen- tary Physics and Course I of Mathematics. Based on Young ' s General Astronomy (revised edition). Use of equatorial, transit and sidereal clock for the simpler problems of Practi- cal Astronomy; use of Nautical Almanac; star charting; calculation of suitable problems; special attention paid to observational work. Course III. — Practical Astronomy. Number of hours to be agreed upon. Fall or Spring terms. Prerequisite, Course II. Actual work by the student with all the instruments of the Observatory; calculation and de- termination of instrumental errors. Some mathematical theory will be developed from such works as Campbell, Doolittle and Chauvenet. Course IV. — History of Astronomy. Two hours. Winter or Spring terms. Prerequisite, Course I or Course II. Based on Berry ' s Short History of Astronomy. An outline of the science from 56 ALBION COLLEGE early historical times to the present. Not a technical course. Probably not given in 1906-07. PHYSICS Course I. — Mechanics. Four hours. First term. Re- citations, illustrated lectures and laboratory work. Course II. — Sound. Four hours. Second term. Re- citations, illustrated lectures and laboratory work. Course III. — Light. Four hours. Third term. Re- citations, illustrated lectures and laboratory work. Course IV. — Magnetism and Electricity I. Three hours. First term. Recitations, illustrated lectures and laboratory work. This course, together with Course V, constitutes a general introduction to the field of magnetism and electricity. Course V. — Magnetism and Electricity II. Three hours. Second term. Course VI. — Heat. Three hours. Third term. Recita- tions, illustrated lectures and laboratory work. Course VII. — Primary Batteries. Four hours. First term. Two double periods for laboratory work, and two hours for recitations and lectures. Course VIII. — Electrical Measurements I. Four hours. Second term. Laboratory work, recitations and lectures. This course is primarily a laboratory course in the measure- ment of electrical quantities, and must be preceded by Course IV. Calculus methods will also be employed. Course IX. — Electrical Measurements II. Four hours. Third term. This course is a continuation of Course VIII. Course X. — Methods and Technics. Two hours each term. This course is designed for students who expect to teach physics or do practical work, and embraces the follow- ing features: (1) Selection, testing, repairing and making of physical apparatus; (2) discussion of methods in physical and of laboratory courses. YEAR BOOK 57 Of the following courses, that one for which there is the greatest demand will be given each term, during the year 1906-07. Calculus methods will be employed in each of these courses. Course XL — Theory of Sound. Two hours. First term. Lectures and recitations. Course XII. — Theory of Light. Two hours. Second and Third terms. Study of Preston ' s Theory of Light. This course must be preceded by Course XL Course XIII. — Theory of Heat. Two hours. Three terms. Study of Preston ' s Theory of Heat. Course XIV. — Advanced Mechanics. Two hours. Three terms. Lectures and recitations. LABORATORY FEES. Laboratory fees, to cover cost of materials used, will be as follows : — Courses I, II, III, IV, V, VI and X, each. .. .$0.50 Courses VII, VIII and IX, each 1.25 The above fees do not cover breakage of apparatus. CLASSIFICATION OF COURSES WITH REGARD TO FUTURE WORK OF STUDENTS. Students who expect to take a course in medicine or pharmacy should complete Courses I-IV, inclusive; those who are planning to study civil, mechanical, chemical, naval or electrical engineering, will find Courses I-IX, inclusive, applicable to their future work; those who desire to secure positions as special teachers of physics, or of physics combined with other sciences, should complete, at least, Courses I-VI, inclusive, and Course X. CORRELATED PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY Course I. — Mineralogy, descriptive and determinative. Laboratory work two hours per day, four days of the week. Third term. About forty typical, naturally occurring minerals 58 ALBION COLLEGE are studied by means of both physical and chemical tests. This is an informational course, corresponding to and supple- menting the general courses in Botany and Zoology. This course must follow Course III, but may be taken with Course IV of Chemistry; it must follow Courses I and II, and may be taken with Course III of Physics. Course II.— Batteries. Four hours. First term. Two double periods for laboratory work, and two hours for recita- tions and lectures. The object of this course is to give the student a thorough knowledge of the theory and of the prin- ciples involved in the construction and operation of primary batteries. Prerequisites, Courses I and III in Chemistry, and Courses I and IV in Physics. Course III. — Electrolysis. Two hours. Second term. This course includes a study of the principles of electrolysis, the measurement of current, the theory of ions, and the appli- cation of these principles to the quantitative determination of the metals. Prerequisites, Courses IV and V in Chemistry; Course II in Correlated Physics and Chemistry. Course IV. — Electrolysis. Two hours. Third term. This is a continuation of Course III. CHEMISTRY Primarily, it should be said that Chemistry is taught in Albion College for the purpose of making an important con- tribution to the general culture of the student, for want of which that culture would be imperfect and unbalanced. That the study of Chemistry produces a discipline of mind fully comparable with that reached through any other subject in the curriculum is conceded by all. In addition to this, the study is broadly informational and brings the thought of the student into intimate and practical relations with many of the leading commercial activities of the age. Still further, the courses offered in the McMillan Chemical Laboratory prepare those students who take the advanced YEAR BOOK 59 courses for actively engaging as chemists for manufacturing concerns. The laboratory has sent out graduates into numer- ous lines of chemical work. As an example of this, it may be stated that a majority of the Portland cement mills, of Michigan and the adjoining States have for their chief chem- ists those who have had their preparation in the McMillan Laboratory. Others are engaged as manufacturing chemists in various lines : paint-making, pharmaceutical preparations, pure-food products, chemical engineering, assaying, the manu- facturing of illuminating gas, etc. Well-trained and capable chemists are in good demand, and oftentimes the laboratory is unable to meet the demand for such trained labor. The laboratory also sends out many successful teachers of chemistry to our leading schools and colleges. Course I. — Chemistry of the Non-Metals. Five hours. For students who have had no preparatory work in Chemistry. First term. Course II. — Advanced Chemistry of the Non-Metals. Five hours. For students who have had preparatory Chemis- try. First term. Courses I and II may be merged into one class at the option of the instructor. Course III. — Chemistry of the Metals and Qualitative Chemistry. Laboratory practise two hours each day, five days of the week. Second term. Course IV. — Advanced Qualitative Chemical Analysis, with special reference to the study of oxidation and reduc- tion. Four hours. Third term. Laboratory work as re- quired. Course V. — Quantitative Chemistry. Laboratory work fifteen hours per week. First term. This course may be taken by any student who has completed Course III. Course VI. — Quantitative Chemistry: a continuation of Course V. Second term. Five double hours. Course VII. — Chemical Engineering. Mineralogy. See under Correlated Physics and Chemistry. Course VIII. — Chemical Engineering. The chemistry of 60 ALBION COLLEGE Portland cement, including the study of the raw materials; the manufacture, composition and testing of the finished prod- uct. Second term. Three hours per day, five days per week. Students entering this course must have had Courses IV and V. This course may be continued through the third term. Course IX. — Organic Chemistry. The study of the text, with lectures, three days per week. Laboratory work in Synthetical Preparations, four hours per week. Second term. This course may be taken by students who have completed Course III. Course X. — This is Course IX continued through the third term. For the purpose of completing a minor in Organic Chemistry, two hours additional of Synthetic work may be taken. Course XI. — Chemical Engineering. Gas Analysis. The chemistry of illuminating gas, including the analysis of coal, gas and the by-products; the structure and management of a gas plant. Prerequisites, Courses IV, V, IX and X. Course XII. — Water Analysis. Four hours. Second term. Must be preceded by Course VI. Course XIII. — Provision will be made for special stu- dents in any kind of chemical investigation. Students ex- pecting to teach will be given work to prepare them in chemical manipulation, the care and management of a laboratory, etc. CLASSIFICATION OF COURSES. It will be seen that after Courses I, II, III and V have been completed, the work in Chemistry may divide into two lines, depending on the prospective future work of the stu- dent. For Mechanical Mining or Civil Engineering, Courses IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, XI and XII may be taken. For Medicine and Pharmacy, Courses IX, X, XI and XII may be included, and VI, VII and VIII omitted. Students doing meritorious work in the above courses readily receive advance credit for them in the leading Univer- sities and Medical Colleges. Sanitary Science. — Lectures and research work three days each week. Third term. Not given 1907. YEAR BOOK In the following table, the courses offered in the depart- ments of Physics and Chemistry are shown in the order of their sequence, and also the relation in time which should be observed in taking the work. Any deviation from this order must have the approval of the heads of the departments. PHYSICS. Correlated Physics and Chemistry. CHEMISTRY. 1 I Mechanics 4 I and II General Chemistry 5 2 II Sound 4 III Qualitative Analysis 5 3 III Light 4 I Mineraology. .4 IV Advanced Qual. Analysis 4 PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING. Medical Pharmaceutical Chemistry. 1 IV Magnetism and Elec- tricity I.... 3 V Quantitative Chemistry... 5 2 V Magnetism and Elec- tricity II.... 3 VI Quantita- tive Chem..5 or VHCement Chem 5 IX Organic Chem 5 3 VI Heat 3 VIII Gas An- alysis 4 X Organic Chem 5 VII Electrical Measure- ments I . . 4 VIII Electrical Measure- ments II.. 4 II Batteries.... 4 III Electroly- sis I IV Electroly- sis II XI Technical Water Analysis. ..4 XI Sanitary Water An alysis 4 XIII Ultimate Original Analysis 1 IX Advanced Physics . . .2 ! 2 X Advanced Physics... .2 3 XI Advanced Physics ...2 62 ALBION COLLEGE BIOLOGY Course I. — Zoology. Twelve hours. Three double hours weekly are spent in the laboratory in the study of types repre- senting nearly all of the more important classes of the animal kingdom. The laboratory work is accompanied by two lec- tures or quizzes each week, roughly parallel to the laboratory work, on the comparative anatomy and classification of ani- mals. A. — Protozoa, Porifera, Coelentera, Echinoderma. Four hours. Fall term. B. — Worms, Molluscs, Arthropods. Four hours. Winter term. C. — Vertabrates. Four hours. Spring term. Course II. — Botany. Nine hours. One hour lecture or quiz and two double hours in the field or laboratory weekly. A. — The plant as a whole. The seed. Root and shoot, in- cluding leaves and buds, field work. Fall term. Three hours. B. — Structure, gross and minute, simple and modified. Winter term. Three hours. C. — Systematic Botany and O ecology. Spring term. Three hours. A considerable part of this term ' s work will be in the field. Course III. — Embryology. Four hours. A laboratory course of two double hours per week during the year. Chief stress will be laid upon Vertebrates, which will be studied comparatively, bringing out the general principles governing their development. Not given in 1906-07. Course IV. — Advanced Zoology. Nine hours. Acquaint- ance with the general facts of Zoology will be assumed and the time will be devoted to the philosophy of Zoology and to the discussion of leading biological questions. Text-book, Thomson ' s Outlines of Zoology, lectures and seminar work. A. — General survey. Nature of protoplasm. The cell. Animal and plant. Heredity. Sex. Fall term. Three hours. B. — Continuation of above. Protozoa. Origin of Metozoa. YEAR BOOK 63 Coelentera. Cursory examination of other invertebrate types. Winter term. Three hours. C. — Vertebrates. Spring term. Three hours. Course V. — Laboratory Methods and Microscopical Tech- nique. Nine hours. Two double hours in the laboratory and one or two lectures or quizzes each week. This course is especially designed for those that expect to teach the natural sciences, or to pursue the study of medicine. A. — The microscope and microscopical methods. Care and repair of instruments. Testing and proper use of the same. Fall term. Three hours. B. — Methods of killing, fixing and preserving. Section cutting and mounting. Winter term. Three hours. C. — Field work. Fauna and flora. General care of a lab- oratory. Spring term. Three hours. Course VI. — Origins. A critical study of the theories of Development and Heredity and of the Foundations of Belief. Fall and Winter terms. One hour each. A normal course of one hour in Methods in Observation and Nature work will be given in the Spring term. Students who intend to specialize in Biology will be en- couraged to pursue it further. Courses will be arranged for them as may be necessary, and all possible facilities will be offered in the prosecution of this work. The College has a large supply of material on hand for this purpose, and the surrounding country affords many problems of great interest. A Biological Club has been organized, which takes up work not otherwise provided for. Since its organization it has endeavored to keep abreast of the current literature of Biology, and has afforded fuller and freer opportunity for the discussion of biological problems than the general classroom. The number of members in the club is limited to eight and membership is attained through election by the club, upon recommendation of the professor of Biology. 64 ALBION COLLEGE PHOTOGRAPHY The theory, processes and applications of Photography, with especial reference to (a) its utilization as an aid to the teacher; (b), artistic photography. Spring term. Three hours. GEOLOGY Prerequisites, Physics, Chemistry and Zoology. A study of the changes at present going on upon the earth; their causes and the records they have left in the rocks; the development of ex isting surface configurations; the changes in past conditions of physical geography and their consequent reaction upon life systems. Especial attention is given to the develpoment of the North American continent, and to the geological history of Michigan. Three hours each term throughout the year. Not given in 1906-07. PHILOSOPHY Course I. — Psychology. Four hours. Fall term. This is a course in general Psychology. It treats especially of the senses, intellect, feelings and will. Course II. — Logic. Four hours. Winter term. A course in Formal Logic is presented by means of text-books, lecture and discussion. The aim is thoroughly to acquaint the stu- dent with the various laws and forms of syllogism and with the methods of detecting logical fallacies. The second part of the term is devoted to Inductive Logic, and treats of in- ference, induction, hypotheses, analogy, probability, chance, etc. Course III. — Ethics. Four hours. Spring term. The course includes an application of ultimate Ethical principles to the ordinary conditions of daily life, both for the individual and for the State. Special attention is given to the views held by Spencer, Green, Martineau, Huxley, Hoffding. YEAR BOOK 65 Course IV. — History of Ancient and Mediaeval Philosophy. Three hours. The rise and general course of the philosoph- ical systems of Greece, and their influence on history. Es- pecial attention to Plato, Aristotle, Epicureanism and Stoicism. Also the course of philosophical development in the middle ages and the theological and social connections therewith. Course V. — History of Modern Philosophy. A considera- tion of the characteristic doctrines of Descartes, Spinoza, Locke, Berkeley, Leibnitz, Hume, Reid, Kant, Hegel, Hamilton and the Mills, and the current forms of Sensationalism, Ideal- ism, Skepticism, Mysticism. Course VI. — Three hours. Philosophical Problems and Tendencies of the Present Age. Comparison with those of former times and application to present problems. Course VII. — Applied Psychology. Four hours. Fall term. This is required in the Normal course, but is elective for a degree. Text-book, McLellan. Essay and discussions with reviews of leading pedagogical works. All Normal students visit public schools to study methods of teaching. PEDAGOGY The course of study in this department has been approved by the State Board of Education, and students completing it are entitled to the College Teachers ' State Certificate provided for by Act 136, Laws of 1893. History of Pedagogy. First term. Four hours. Reading of the educational classics and study of the actual conditions from ancient to modern times. Emphasis is laid upon the development of the educational ideal, and the contributions and influence of various periods, countries and men are dis- cussed. The course consists of lectures and reports, and as text-books, Laurie, Painter and Compayre are used. In ad- dition, a critical discussion, necessitating at least thirty hours of research work, is required of each student. Applied Psychology. Second term. Four hours. An appli- 66 ALBION COLLEGE cation of the principles of psychology to the practical work of teaching. Prerequisite, Course I in Psychology. Comparison of American and Foreign School Systems. Third term. Two hours. The comparative feature is empha- sized in this work. No attempt is made to treat the countries studied in an absolute way, but continual effort is used to draw such comparisons that the weak points in our domestic system may be made apparent, and that possible remedies may be discovered. The systems of Germany, France and England offer the best fields and occupy the major portion of the work; but by means of reports, the student is familiarized with the systems of all the important countries of the world. No one text-book is used, but constant reference is made to the Library. Lectures and reports. School Management. First term. Two hours. This course will include a survey of Michigan School Law, and will also be concerned with the care of the schoolroom. Special attention will be given to those preparing to be superintendents. Lectures will be based upon White and Tompkins. NORMAL METHODS IN SPECIAL BRANCHES (a) Methods in English. Second term. Two hours. (b) Methods in Physiology and Geography. Third term. Two hours. (c) Methods in Nature Study. Second term. One hour. A brief course in methods and principles. (d) Methods in Physics. Third term. Two hours. (e) Methods in History. Third term. Two hours. ( ) Latin Pedagogy. Each term. Two hours. (g) Normal German. Two hours each term through- out the year. (h) Physical Technics. Two hours per term through- out the year. (0 Methods in Biology. Three hours per term through- out the year. YEAR BOOK 67 The above courses are offered in the various departments. It should be understood, however, that of the above seven- teen hours have been adopted by the State Board of Education as the official course that is required of aM candidates for the State Certificate. This course includes the following: Ap- plied Psychology, 4 hours; History of Education, 4 hours; Educational Systems, 2 hours; Methods in English, 2 hours; Methods in Physiology and Geography, 2 hours; School Law and Organization, 2 hours; Methods in Nature Study, 1 hour. THE ENGLISH BIBLE The work in this Department is so arranged that the various courses, taken as a whole, give a complete survey of the English Bible, from various points of view. Each course is continuous throughout the year (except as otherwise indicated), and can be begun only in the first term of the course. The number of hours per term is indi- cated in connection with each course. The following courses will be offered in 1906-07 : — Course I. — The History and Teaching of the Apostolic Church. Two hours. Special attention will be given to the religious, political and social background of the Apostolic period. Open to Freshmen. Course II. — Old Testament History. Two hours. The History of Palestine and Syria will be considered, from the earliest times to the Maccabean period. There will be collat- eral work in archaeology. Open to Sophomores. Course III. — Biblical Masterpieces. Two hours. The English Bible will be studied from the literary point of view. Attention will also be given to the study of the influence of the English Bible upon English Literature. Open to Juniors. Course IV. — Social Teachings of Jesus. Three hours. First term. The course is based upon Peabody ' s Jesus Christ and the Social Question, with supplemental reading, and 68 ALBION COLLEGE lectures upon the relation of New Testament teachings to the solution of present day problems. Open to Seniors. Course V. — Evidences of Christianity. Three hours. Second term. Lectures and recitations. Text, The Grounds of Theistic and Christian Belief, Fisher. Open to Seniors. Course VI. — The English Bible. Three hours. Third term. The course will include a study of the formation of the canon, and of the various versions which have had an influence in determining the present form of the English Bible. Open to Seniors. Course VII. — Greek Testament. Two hours. Pauline Epistles. Special at tention will be given to the grammatical and lexical details of Hellenistic Greek. Texts: Westcott and Hort ' s Greek New Testament, Thayer ' s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament, New Testament Grammar (Moulton, Burton). Collateral work will be assigned in special introduction. Open to students who have had two years of Classical Greek. Course VIII. — English Bible Seminar. One hour. Op- portunity is afforded in the Seminar for original research and critical study of important topics. Reports and theses will be presented for discussion and criticism. Open to College students who have had Courses I and II. The Life of Christ. Two hours. The course will begin with a study of the Maccabean and Roman periods of Jewish History, in order that a clear idea of the historical, political and social background of the Gospel History may be obtained. Open to Preparatory students. GROUPING OF ELECTIVE WORK While the Faculty of Albion College approve strongly of the elective system, it has seemed wise to somewhat restrict elections until the student has come fully in touch with his surroundings and has gained some maturity of mind. Fresh- men and Sophomores are therefore required to make their election according to the following plan: — YEAR BOOK 69 FRESHMEN. English I is required of all Freshmen. f Latin GROUP A Q n 1 GrCek GROUP B French r Mathematics Biology I Chemistry- Physics Civics Both groups (A and B) must be represented in the sched- ule of each Freshman student. SOPHOMORES. The choice of studies for Sophomores is restricted to the following subjects: — English II is required of all Sophomores, beginning with the class of 1909. r Latin Greek French German rpnTTP R 1 English II GROUP B Forensics English Bible II L Oratory GROUP A r Mathematics Botany Biology I Adv. Zoology European Hist. Physics [_ Chemistry At least four hours from each group (A and B) must be represented in the schedule of every Sophomore student. COLLEGE WORK TABULATED. Dates in parentheses indicate when courses not offered in 1906-07 will be given. TERMS 1 2 3 Roman Social and Political Life 3 3 3 Mythology and Religion, Public and Pri- vate Life 111 Latin. Roman Art and Artistic Literature 3 3 3 Roman Philosophy 3 3 3 Supplementary Roman Literature 2 2 2 Odyssey; Thucydides; Aeschylus 4 4 4 Greek. Sophocles ; Euripides ; Plato Attic Orators ; Drama ; Comedy Pausanias; Neo-Hellenic ; Epigraphy Seminar 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 111 German : Course 1 5 5 5 Course 2 4 4 4 Course 3 4 4 4 Course 4 (1907-08) 4 4 4 Course 5 4 4 4 Course 6 (1907-08) 4 4 4 Course 7 2 2 2 Modern Course 8 (1907) 4 Languages. Course 9 (1908) 1 1 French : Course 1 4 4 4 Course 2 4 4 4 Course 3 4 4 4 Course 4 Spanish (1907-08) 4 4 4 4 4 4 Italian 2 2 2 Rhetoric and Composition 3 3 Synonyms Advanced Composition 3 3 3 3 English Prose Masterpieces 2 2 Language. The Nineteenth Century Essay 2 Writing 111 Forensics 2 2 2 Critical Survey of English Literature Nineteenth Century Poetry 4 4 4 3 3 3 Nineteenth Century Prose Theories of Literary Criticism 3 3 3 2 English Literature, Principles of Criticism 2 Poetics 2 Shakespeare 3 Development of the Novel 3 3 Methods in English 2 English Seminar 1 1 1 Principles of Elocution 2 2 2 Oratory. Oratorical Composition 2 2 Bible, Hymn, and Liturgic Reading 2 History of Europe 3 3 3 History. History of Civilization Europe in the Nineteenth Century American History 3 3 3 4 American History 4 4 3 English History 4 4 Political Economy 4 Economic Problems 3 2 Economics and Advanced Economics Taxation and Finance 1908 Banking and Credit 1908 3 3 4 2 Sociology. Economic Seminar 1 1 1 Socialism 2 General Sociology 4 Practical Sociology 2 Civil Government 3 Political Science. Political Science and Constitutional Law 1908 4 International Law 4 Algebra and Trigonometry, 4 4 4 Plane Analytic Geometry 4 Differential and Integral Calculus Plane Surveying 4 4 4 Geometrical Conies 2 Advanced Mathematics (course to be deter- mined) 4 4 4 Descriptive Astronomy 4 General and Practical Astronomy 3 3 3 Astronomy. Practical Astronomy History of Astronomy (1907-08) 3 2 Mechanics 4 Sound 4 Light Magnetism and Electricity I Magnetism and Electricity II Heat 4 3 3 3 Physics. Primary Batteries 4 Electrical Measurements I 4 Electrical Measurements II 4 Methods and Technics 2 2 2 Advance Course (Selection to be made from Courses XI, XII, XIII, XIV 2 2 2 Mineralogy 4 Correlated Physics and Batteries Electrolysis I 4 2 Chemistry. Electrolysis II 2 Non-Metals 5 Metals and Qualitative Analysis Advanced Qualitative Analysis 5 4 Quantitative Chemistry 5 5 Cement Chemistry 5 Chemistry. Organic Chemistry 5 5 4 Sanitary Water Analysis 4 4 Mineralogy 4 Sanitary Science (1908) 3 Zoology I 4 4 4 Botany 3 3 3 Embryology (1907-08) 2 2 3 3 3 Biology. Laboratory Methods and Technique Origins 3 3 3 1 1 Nature Study Geology 1 3 3 3 Psychology 4 Logic 4 Ethics 4 Philosophy. Metaphysics 4 Theism History of Modern Philosophy 4 4 Applied Psychology 4 Normal. Applied Psychology History of Education French and German Educational Systems. . School Law and Management Methods in Physiology, etc Methods in English Nature Study 4 4 2 2 3 2 1 Apostolic Church 3 2 2 Old Testament History Biblical Masterpieces 2 2 2 2 2 2 English Bible. Greek Testament 2 2 2 Social Teachings of Jesus Evidences of Christianity 3 3 The English Bible 3 English Bible Seminar 1 1 1 Schedule of Recitations For 1906-1907 Figures refer to the days of the week 1 Monday 2 Tuesday 3 Wednesday 4 Thursday 5 Friday ] J CO -fJ j cr ,d w CD .£co 3« to 2 .a ' d. 10 0 „ CD m HO 1 a ScO Th si 5 M 5 d 73 --H 5 ♦a ' irt •a •CD CO jtf3 a| ga 1 . CO cniO IS o C jiC O  H - o5 . Sis S d„- O - a CDt-T T3 lO lO T b S CD O bOo spotwaw •q T; - Tj t j ci bo „ s§ GO - 3 - CO .2 co go 5. - CO co u oa CM O • CO u d CO 3 o jd o iC % - 2 co CO ' co O 3 d a 1 CO .CO .2 p CD co IS« S rf a gd co r-H CO PwH 8 8 d co- cdt; D(M g i-3 ' mono 2- -uao 2- c3 h 05 Sa ■as 5 1 J h- t C B bo U bo M 10 S o d o°° CD Jh O to 1 W o3 . Dio ! co O - - co 5 73 co CO bOrH- H . 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V CO CO pq •Sa © (M © COt-H d 3 cb . . ■ CO „ JH .Ph m d is o3 a as + d PU co  0 T l-H  — ( -die _, 22 --S dio 80 „ d Csj 2 d 3 M M hDiC HH d d (i WO £}co 2 .. ho « [VJ H S CO ho . d . CO HH M ho J -1 S M .CO CO O o jot-? .2 co ' ho d CO h- 1 MIO h Oh m a T3 d 9 tJD IS Is 1 o3 ©ICHHW 5 m d r oeo Qco fff ©tsf O dCOr3 . S d - 03 - CO © M u © TH j H gd§- © © U5 CO © ©  o © © cod ' -hco a S3 h rri 2 co u o3 d N d „ co •d ecf w .« P « -r a d Pk .3 K« MCQ a ©1-H j s W th © in a © o3 «H  c IO © a 1 c3- M „ d W hc N M Hi d a o  -t CO CO ' ©•• • CO 15 CO 1 6 i  ■ d ►  O ° O °3 1 ZS ' d 1 £p co 5co- d d O « -2 wco co O 2 S co 3 ' d d 2 ' - cs-m ©PL, 4 3 8 8 lO  0  0 Q 8 [ 8 - 00 Oi CRi O rH T-t M CO n J J t-H 1  H J GRADUATION The degree of Bachelor of Arts will be conferred upon all persons regularly admitted to the Collegiate department who complete, in accordance with our requirements, the prescribed number of courses. Bachelor of Music is conferred on all who complete the course in Music in addition to a full college course. MASTER ' S DEGREE. The Master ' s degree is not an honorary one and is no longer given in course. It is intended to testify to the recipi- ent ' s actual and ascertained progress in some special lines of post-graduate study. The Master ' s degree will be granted to persons who already have received the Bachelor ' s degree and who finish in a satisfactory manner a course of resident, advanced study in Albion College, for a period of at least one year after gradu- ating. The degree may also be granted, under similar condi- tions, to those spending two years in resident study in a non-professional department of another college, or three years in non-professional study in absentia. The work to be done in the two cases last named must, however, be equivalent in the aggregate to that required of resident graduate students. A Major and two Minor lines of work must be prosecuted, one-half of the total amount of work being upon the Major course. The course of study will be under the direction of the committee on Graduate Instruction, acting with the heads of the departments in which the candidates desire to study. Candidates will be required to present a thesis, and pass a satisfactory examination, either oral or written. YEAR BOOK 77 Bachelors of other colleges of satisfactory grade of schol- arship may receive the Master ' s degree after one year ' s resident study under the conditions above specified. In all cass where the work to be done embraces original investigation and research, the candidate may be required also to present exhibits showing the results of such work. Theses and exhibits must be submitted to the committee before the first day of May, and candidates must present themselves for examination during the two weeks prior to Commencement week. The examinations will be public. The fee for the degree will be ten dollars. DIPLOMAS. A graduating diploma is given to the student completing a course of music in the Conservatory. A graduating diploma is granted to each student complet- ing a full course in the Theory and Art of Painting. A diploma is granted to each student completing either the general business course or the shorthand and typewriting course in the commercial department. The above degrees or graduating diplomas are granted only on satisfactory examination and payment of the regular fees. ENROLLMENT AND WORK OF CLASS OFFICERS 1. The first day of each term is devoted to the work of enrollment, the regular class exercises beginning on the fol- lowing morning. 2. Class officers are appointed as follows : One each for the Junior and Senior classes, two for the Sophomore class, four for the Freshman class and two for sub-collegiate stu- dents. The duties of these officers are to advise the students as to course of study, and to make out their study tickets. Each study ticket must have the approval of the class officer noted thereon before the bearer will be permitted to enroll in classes. These officers are supplied with the arrears cards of those under their charge. 78 ALBION COLLEGE 3. The student will take his entrance blank to the treas- urer, who will furnish him a receipt for money paid, retaining the study ticket. 4. Immediately after chapel on the next morning the stu- dent will call at the office and receive cards entitling him to admission to classes. 5. Failure on the part of any student to enroll on the reg- ular day for registration involves an additional fee of one dollar. PRIZES AWARDED ANNUALLY ORATORY. I. — The Berry Prize, established and endowed by the gift of $600 by Bishop Joseph F. Berry, D. D. This prize of $30 a year is awarded to the winner of the first honors in the Annual College Contest in Oratory. The winner also repre- sents the College in the Inter-Collegiate Contest. II. — The Elsie S. Vernor Prize of $20 a year, endowed by Mr. Frank A. Vernor, of Detroit. This prize is awarded to the winner of second honors in the Annual College Con- test; the winner also becoming the alternate representative of the Inter-Collegiate Contest. III. — The Baldwin Prize in Oratory of $10 a year has been established by the Rev. C. W. Baldwin, of Detroit. IV. — George Bowen Silliman Oratorical Prize. This is an annual prize of $25 established by Mr. L. Silliman, of Albion, in honor of his son who died while a student in. College. The prize is open to competition on the part of all Sophomores who have attained a certain degree of excellence in Sophomore English. V.— Mr. and Mrs C. M. Ranger of Battle Creek, offer a prize of $20 to the winner of the Horn contest in 1906 and a like sum in 1907. YEAR BOOK 79 BIBLE FELLOWSHIP. This is a permanent fund, the interest of which is used for an annual prize in Bible study. It is expected that in time the Fellowship will become sufficiently large to enable at least one member of each graduating class to spend a year in Biblical research in the American schools in Rome and Jerusalem. Prof. F. S. Goodrich is the treasurer of the fund. SCHOLARSHIPS Scholarships, as an encouragement to meritorious students and as a recommendation of the highest scholarship, have been founded. The income from these scholarships is suffi- cient to pay all fees in the Literary department, so that the students receiving these honors may attend College without the payment of any fees whatever to the institution. I. — The Hallock Scholarship, founded by Mr. and Mrs. T. T. Hallock, of Climax. A candidate for the missionary field will receive special consideration in the awarding of this scholarship. II. — The Robinson Scholarship, endowed by Mr. and Mrs. L. W. Robinson, of Battle Creek. Sons and daughters of superannuated ministers will receive special consideration in the awarding of this scholarship. III. — The Ionia Scholarship, endowed by the members of the Methodist Episcopal Church of Ionia, will be awarded to the graduate of the Ionia High School excelling in intellec- tual attainment and moral worth. IV.— The Williams Scholarship, maintained by Mr. C. B. Williams, of Alpena. V. — The Shumaker Scholarship, endowed by S. F. and Susan M. Shumaker, of Centerville, preference to be given to students preparing for ministry or the missionary work. VI. — The Hicks Scholarship, founded by Mrs. Alice Hicks, of Lexington, and available for a worthy student of either sex. 80 ALBION COLLEGE VII. — The Root Scholarship, endowed by Dr. and Mrs. W. W. Root, of Mason. VIII. — The Blackmar Scholarship, endowed by Mrs. E. B. Blackmar, of North Adams. IX. — The Bliss Scholarship, founded by Governor Aaron T. Bliss. X. — The Dwelle-Cook Scholarship, founded by Mrs. Eliza A. Cook, of Hanover. XL — The Wightman Scholarship, founded by Mr. E. B. Wightman, of Fenton. XII. — The Buck Scholarship, founded by Hon. George M. Buck and family, of Kalamazoo. XIII. — The Elizabeth Hoag Memorial Scholarship, to be assigned to such young women as are properly recom- mended and selected by the Women ' s Foreign Missionary Society. The beneficiaries of this scholarship are to be young women who are already accepted for work in the foreign field under the direction of the Women ' s Foreign Missionary Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church. This scholar- ship yields more than sufficient to pay the fees of a student and will give considerable financial assistance to those re- ceiving its benefits. INTERCOLLEGIATE DEBATES The oratorical committee, under the general supervision of the Professor of English and Oratory, has done excellent work along the line of intercollegiate debates. Albion ' s record for the past six years has been an enviable one in this regard. During the college year 1905-6, three debates were held, as follows: March 9, 1906, our debating team met the debating team of Earlham College at Richmond, Ind., the question for debate being Resolved that the United States should immediately adopt a policy of a more rapid development of its Navy. Albion was represented by Robert W. Baldwin, Frank F. YEAR BOOK 81 Fitchett and Joel R. Moore. The three judges were unani- mous in awarding the decision to Albion. On March 29, 1906, a debate was held with the debating team of Allegheny College at Meadville, Pa. The question discussed was Resolved that a commission should be estab- lished with power to fix railroad freight rates, such rates to take effect immediately and to remain in force until changed by the regular United States Courts. Albion was represented by Wendell A. Odium, F. Ernest Johnson and Martin P. Elder. Our team had the negative of the above proposition and the decision gave the debate to Allegheny by a vote of two to one. On April 13, 1906, a debate was held with the debating team of the Illinois Wesleyan University. The question was the same as in the preceding debate and Albion was repre- sented by the same debaters, Messrs. Odium, Johnson and Elder. Albion taking the negative side of the proposition again, won the debate, securing the unanimous decision of the judges. No work of the institution is yielding more valuable prac- tical results than these intercollegiate debates. The prepara- tion for the debates and the selection of the final team calls into active work a large number of young men who enter the preliminaries and who, although not reaching the final team, yet secure valuable experience in the preparation of the ques- tion and in the public discussion. HONOR LIST Read on Commencement Day, 1905. Baldwin, Mabel B. Baldwin, Robert W. Bolster, Edith G. Bretz, J. Harlan Douglas, Frank W. Elder, Martin P Kean, Ralph D. Morse, Lillian Moulton, Elton J. Sloan, Ethel I. CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC PURPOSE OF THE CONSERVATORY. The Conservatory of Music was organized for the purpose of giving instruction and practise in all branches of musical education, and to cultivate a taste for that which is essentially good and ennobling in the art. With this purpose in view, no superficial methods are tolerated by the management. Teachers of wide experience and unquestionable reputation are employed. LOCATION AND EQUIPMENT. The Conservatory is located in the South or Chapel Building of Albion Colleg e. The entire building is devoted to the Conservatory. The rooms for recitations are large, well lighted, well ventilated and well heated. On the second floor is a fine recital hall, with a seating capacity for six hundred people. The equipment of this hall includes a large two man- ual Hook and Hastings pipe organ and Concert Grand Weber piano, and a spacious stage which gives every advantage for orchestral and choral concerts, as well as recitals for faculty and students. ADVANTAGES OF STUDY IN A CONSERVATORY. There is undoubtedly a great advantage in college over pri- vate instruction. The number of musicians working together without any other matters to take their attention, the number of students working industriously and earnestly together, in- tent upon attaining the highest proficiency, the exchange of ideas, the concerts, recitals, lectures, etc., all create a musical atmosphere which stimulates the student to the highest effort. FREE PRIVILEGES. In Albion Conservatory the students have the advantage of YEAR BOOK 83 appearing in recital work. The Choral Union connected with the Conservatory is free to all students. There is also an orchestra connected with the College, to which all students who are sufficiently advanced are eligible. Weekly rehearsals are held of both chorus and orchestra. The experience and drill under so eminent a conductor as Dr. Chace are of the greatest value, especially to those pre- paring for professional work. Musical history free to students taking the full work in the Conservatory. The Library, which contains 17,000 volumes and all lead- ing periodicals of the day, is free to the students in the Con- servatory. There is a well-equipped gymnasium with general instruc- tion by competent teachers throughout the year, which is free to the students of the Conservatory. CONCERTS AND RECITALS. Pupils ' Recitals will be given every Thursday during the academic year. CHORAL UNION. The Choral Union (Chorus and Orchestra) give occa- sional concerts. At these concerts oratorios, cantatas, and the higher order of choruses will be sung, accompanied by orchestra and pipe organ. Advanced pupils will be given the opportunity of singing solos in these concerts. Famous artists will be brought to the College to enable the students to hear the best music interpreted by the foremost musicians of the day. REQUIREMENTS FOR GRADUATION. In order to graduate, two studies are required of the stu- dent, one of which must be the theory of music, harmony, counterpoint and musical history; the other study may be chosen from the following branches, viz., piano, voice, pipe organ, violin, viola and wind instruments. Candidates for graduation should present their petitions to the Conservatory faculty for consideration at leas t one year . Chopin 84 ALBION COLLEGE before commencement. Action taken upon such petitions will be based principally upon the musical ability of the applicant. Diplomas are granted by the Trustees of the College to graduates of the Conservatory. Candidates for graduation must give a creditable public performance of a program of the difficulty indicated by the following models : — PIANO FORTE. I. Sonata, Op. 13 Beethoven II. (a) Prelude and Fugue Bach (b) Rondo .Haydn III. (a) Nocturne, Op. 37, No. 2... 1 (b) Valse, Op. 64, No. 2 (c) Polonaise, Op. 26, No. 1. . . (d) Ballade, Op. 47 j IV. (a) If I were a Bird Henselt (b) Berceuse Mason (c) Etude de Concert, Op. 36 MacDowell (d) Magic Fire Scene Wagner-Brassin V. Rhapsodie Liszt VOICE. Song Recital for Soprano. (Same degree of difficulty for all voices.) Farewell Ye Mountains, from Jeanne $ Arc . .Tschaikowski C Schubert Group of Songs (German) {frtT™ Brahms Aria from The Creation Haydn {Rossini Leoncavallo Verdi r A Hits en Group of Songs (English) J Sullivan Elgar YEAR BOOK 85 {MacDowell Paine Buck Foote Chadwick A complete Oratorio. VIOLIN. I. Sonata Gadc II. Concerto Mendelssohn III. Zigeunerweisen Sarasate IV. (a) Aria Bach (b) Hungarian Dance Brahms ORGAN. Prelude in G . S. Bach Toccata and Fugue in D minor . 5 . Bach Marche Religieuse Alex. Guilmant Adagio from a Sonata Gustav Merkel Sonata Rheinberger At Evening Dudley Buck On the Coast Dudley Buck Lohengrin (Orchestral transcription) Wagner DIPLOMAS. Diplomas are awarded to candidates passing the final ex- aminations in any of the following departments, namely, pianoforte, voice, pipe organ, musical theory, violin, violon- cello and orchestral instruments. Those graduating in voice or instrumental must first pass examinations in Harmony and Counterpoint. PUBLIC SCHOOL MUSIC, SIGHT SINGING. The demand for competent teachers in elementary har- mony and sight singing, as supervisors of music in public schools, has made it necessary to establish a department where thorough knowledge of the subject may be gained. This course consists of two lessons per week, given in lectures on methods and practical lessons in elementary harmony, sight reading and simple rules for proper use of voice. 86 ALBION COLLEGE TEACHERS ' COURSE. A special normal course has been arranged for students desiring to obtain a Teacher ' s Diploma in pianoforte, voice and other departments. This diploma ranks the same in merit as that of the Artists ' course, and involves the same training during the first years of study. The last year of the Teachers ' course, the student directs his attention mainly toward acquiring the best methods of imoarting musical knowledge. In order to make the instruction thoroughly practical, pupils of various grades are utilized, thus affording the normal students the advantage of doing actual teaching under the supervision of an experienced master. The normal training involved in preparing for gradua- tion necessitates at least one year ' s attendance at the Con- servatory. POST-GRADUATE COURSE. A Post-graduate course has been arranged for graduates who desire to reach a higher standard of excellence. The technical, intellectual and artistic requirements are consid- erably greater than those for graduation. A prominent object in this course is to provide the student artist with a varied repertoire suited to his musical individuality and to his needs as a public performer. SCHOOL OF PAINTING The primary object of this department is to arouse in the pupil a sense of the beautiful, and when that sense has been called forth, to enable him to adequately express it by means of some artistic production. A further object is to conduct the pupil with thoroughness from the simplest rudiments up to a knowledge of the higher branches of art, giving, as far as possible, a perfect understanding of all the work entered upon. It will be seen by reference to the Course of Study in Painting, that the student receives instruction in the ele- mentary courses of drawing. These can be taken in the class with others who are in this and the Literary departments. Then, special and individual attention is given to the study of object drawing, drawing from casts, perspective, landscape, figure, flower and fruit painting, in oil, water colors and pas- tel; and to decorative painting and design. The Art department connected with the College adds much to the needed practical side of education. Professor Thompson, of the Worcester Technical Schools, tells us that a boy who spends two hours a week in drawing, and the rest of the time in working at the bench, learns his business faster, and becomes more skilful in it, than one who works all the time. Again, It is calculated that the pro- ductive efficiency of every machine shop would be increased thirty- three per cent, if every journeyman could read any common working drawing and work by it. But it is well known that art study, besides having tangi- ble value in its relation to manufacture, is designed to pro- mote improvement in taste. The highest and best purpose of any attainment is that which ministers to the intellectual and spiritual wants of man. A work of art is the harmonious and beautiful arrange- ment of certain lines, spaces and colors. In order that the in- 88 ALBION COLLEGE genuity and originality of the student, as well as his appre- ciation of the beautiful, may be fostered, he is required to study composition which deals entirely with such arrange- ments. The sketch class works out of doors in the Fall and Spring terms, and during the Winter term a life sketch class is con- ducted. Landscape study from nature is much more easily and agreeably accomplished here at Albion than in the large cities, as the College buildings are located near the open country, and many beautiful scenes are found along the Kala- mazoo River, not a quarter of a mile from the studio. As far as possible, the instruction in this department is individual, thereby insuring to each pupil a greater amount of attention than could be given in class work. Students or pupils outside the College may enter at any time during the year by making special arrangements with the head of the department. METHOD AND SCOPE OF WORK. Fifteen hours per week. Course I. — Beginning with outline drawing in charcoal from simple objects. Course II. — Drawing in charcoal from simple casts, cubes, spheres, etc., with instruction in perspective. Course III. — Outlining and shading from casts of dif- ferent parts of the human figure, and perspective talks. Course IV. — Drawing from still life and simple casts, in charcoal. Course V. — Head and figure antique cast work. Course VI. — Full length antique figure work. Still life color work. Course VII. — Antique work. Charcoal work from nature. Course VIII. — Color and black and white work from nature. Course IX. — Color work from nature, and black and white work from living models. Course X. — Color work from living models. YEAR BOOK 89 Composition is absolutely required. Illustration will be given to five or more pupils. Theory of Art. — Comparative Aesthetics with lectures on color, composition, tone values and the different media em- ployed in painting. Third term. Two hours. NORMAL COURSE. In connection with the Art department Miss Woolsey will establish a course of normal training for teachers, which will include the drawing taught in the public schools. She has had experience as supervisor of drawing in the Saginaw West Side Schools for fifteen years, having seventy to eighty teachers under her supervision. This department is organized for teachers who wish to make a thorough study of color, form and drawing, also blackboard illustrating. THE SCHOOL OF BUSINESS Is located in pleasant and well-equipped rooms occupying the first floor in the North College building. The object of this department is twofold: — 1. It gives to all who may wish to engage in business pursuits an opportunity to fit themselves in the most practical manner possible. 2. It affords an opportunity to all students at their option to take some work in the Commercial or Shorthand courses as a part of any literary course, and receive some credit for the same. Any one with good moral character and sufficient ability to pursue the prescribed studies can enter at any time and pur- sue any study he desires. The instruction in bookkeeping, penmanship, shorthand, typewriting, etc., is largely individual, and so may be taken up with profit at any time. COURSES OF STUDY OUTLINED BUSINESS COURSE. FIRST TERM. Bookkeeping and Business Practice. English Grammar. Penmanship. Com ' l Arithmetic. Correspondence. Spelling. SECOND TERM. Bookkeepiug and Business Practice. English Grammar. Penmanship. Com ' l Arithmetic. Commercial Law. Spelling. THIRD TERM. Bookkeeping and Office Work. Penmanship. Com ' l Arithmetic. Civil Government. Com ' l Geography. Spelling. YEAR BOOK SHORTHAND COURSE. 91 FIRST TERM. SECOND TERM. THIRD TERM. Shorthand. Typewriting. Spelling. English. Business Correspon- dence and Punctu- ation. Shorthand. Typewriting. Spelling. English. Business Correspon- dence and Punctu- ation. ■ Shorthand Dictation. Spelling. Typewriting. Office Work. Reporting. Note. — Either of the above courses may be completed in two terms of twelve weeks each. BUSINESS-SHORTHAND COURSE. FIRST TERM. SECOND TERM. THIRD TERM. Bookkeeping. Shorthand. Typewriting. Penmanship. Correspondence. Spelling. Bookkeeping and Business Practice. Shorthand. Typewriting. Penmanship. Spelling and Punctuation. Office Work. Shorthand Dictation. Typewriting. Penmanship. Spelling and Punctuation. ADVANCED BUSINESS COURSE. This course takes up where our Business course leaves off, and only those who are graduates of an approved high school or its equivalent and have completed a Business course will be permitted to enter upon this work. The course in- cludes one year ' s study and is outlined as follows: — THE COURSE OUTLINED. FIRST TERM. SECOND TERM. THIRD TERM. Advanced Bookkeeping. Political Economy. English. Office Methods. Penmanship. Advanced Bookkeeping. Banking and Finance. English. Office Methods. Penmanship. Advanced Bookkeeping. Constitutional Law. English. Advertising. Penmanship. Note. — In addition to the above, the candidate must elect a year ' s study in Shorthand and Typewriting or German. 92 ALBIOKCOLLEGE ACTUAL BUSINESS. Every student taking a course with us has a thorough practise in actual business training. The plain we adopt in- sures a complete drill in office training, and is conceded to be the best system ever adopted. It is as nearly like real business as any method possible. It is real business, with real indi- viduals. This scheme works admirably. It fascinates the student from the beginning, holds his closest attention and calls out his best efforts. It teaches him the customs, forms, correspondence and practise of business as can be done in no other way. All buying and selling is done upon the markets, a daily report of which is on file where all can consult it. Every business form, such as notes, drafts, checks, invoices, receipts, bills of lading, account sales, statements, etc., and every variety of business letters are called into use, receive the same prompt and careful attention that is required in actual business. In order to carry on this work, our school is provided with BANKING, COMMISSION, TRANSPORTATION AND WHOLESALING facilities. In this department the student is given work to do and is advanced from time to time until he has filled the various positions in each. The subordinate positions vacated by him as he is advanced are recruited from the theory class. To carry on this work successfully, we have our office depart- ment provided with large office books, necessary blanks, letter- press, etc. The work in the various offices the student finds exceedingly interesting and profitable to him. The responsible positions in which he is placed from time to time in each, teach him the many responsibilities falling upon those who are engaged in positions in real business. YEAR BOOK 93 OUTLINE OF OTHER STUDIES. Business Arithmetic. — Much prominence is given to this subject in our course, and aside from the regular text-book work we endeavor to make the student proficient in this direction by means of class drills in rapid calculations and short methods. Commercial Law. — Instruction in this subject is by means of lectures on the various subjects and thorough class work, in which a most excellent text-book is used. The subjects to which especial attention is given are contracts, negotiable paper, agency, partnership, shipping, insurance, liens, real estate conveyance, etc. Grammar and Correspondence. — The student is in- structed and drilled in the form and composition of all kinds of business letters. Civil Government. — It is important that the student re- ceive thorough instruction in this branch, in order to be able to assume the duties of citizenship. Commercial Geography. — Deals with the interchange of commercial products, and the interdependence of nations, some things about the countries and localities where the raw materials are found, how the latter are obtained, what the processes of manufacture are, what rate home consump- tion bears to export, etc. Business Writing. — We teach a plain, bold, rapid busi- ness hand, such as is called for in correspondence and book- keeping work. We aim at neatness, legibility and rapidity, to the total exclusion of all superfluous lines and flourishes. Spelling. — In teaching spelling we use a series of lessons forming a complete collection of difficult common and busi- ness words, with definitions, pronunciations, and rules con- cerning capitals. SHORTHAND DEPARTMENT. The demand by business concerns, literary men and 94 ALBION COLLEGE women, etc., for young men and women to act as stenographers and typewriters, is constantly increasing. We teach both of these branches most thoroughly in our business department. We use the Graham System of Shorthand because our in- vestigation leads us to the conclusion that the Graham Short- hand is the best system in use. The main reasons are these: (1) It is the oldest system in this country. (2) It is the briefest system. (3) It is in more general use than any other system. Thirty-four of the thirty-seven official stenopraphers in this State are Graham writers. There are more followers of this system, and more persons writing it to-day than all other systems combined. Business men recognize these facts and have a decided preference for Graham writers. The prospective student in shorthand will do well to ponder on these things. Four-fifths of the persons who apply to us for stenog- raphers and typewriters desire some one who is a good, plain writer and can assist as bookkeeper and in other office work. Hence it is greatly to one ' s advantage to pursue the study of shorthand and typewriting in a school where thorough in- struction in bookkeeping, business forms, penmanship and office methods may be received at the same time. Business men and others desiring the services of stenographers demand that they have a thorough kuowledge of the English branches. We have excellent facilities for giving thorough instruction, to those who need it, in all of these branches without extra charge to the student. SPEED CLASS. Our classification is such that persons who have mastered the principles of shorthand, through self-study, or who are writers of kindred systems can be placed in such classes as will meet their needs and insure their advancement. We will admit into our Speed Class students of Pitman, Munson, Longley, Haven, and other varieties of shorthand and give them valuable aid without requiring them to change their style of writing. YEAR BOOK 95 TYPEWRITING. Special care and attention are given to the students in this work under the direction of an expert operator. Each stu- dent is assigned a definite amount of work until a certain proficiency is reached with ability to handle and rapidly exe- cute the various requirements of office work. He is also thor- oughly instructed in the proper use and care of the machine. We use only standard machines in our school ; the Remington, Fox and Smith-Premier have the preference. We teach the latest method — the Touch System. The work in Grammar, Correspondence and Spelling is the same as outlined in the regular Commercial Course. DIPLOMA AND POSITION. Upon the satisfactory completion of the prescribed Busi- ness or Shorthand course, the student is granted a diploma. We do not guarantee positions to our graduates, but we always take pleasure in recommending or aiding a worthy student, who is well qualified, in every effort to secure a sit- uation. There is an increasing demand for amanuenses and bookkeepers who are willing to work, and one who thoroughly prepares himself is sure of obtaining profitable employment; in fact, we stand ready to assist such to a position. We have, during the past year, assisted many of our stu- dents to positions, and could have located many more had we possessed the proper material. We do all we can for our students. SPECIAL ADVANTAGES. This school being one of the departments of Albion Col- lege, it possesses several advantages not found elsewhere. The benefits to be derived from attending the College literary societies are inestimable. Some of the best musicians and most eminent lecturers may be heard here each term. The College Library, containing sixteen thousand volumes, may be used by all students. A fully equipped gymnasium, open and free to all students. For rates of tuition, see table of expenses. 96 ALBION COLLEGE BOOKS AND STATIONERY. The books and stationery required for the Commercial course cost about $8 to $10. For the Shorthand and Type- writing, about $2 to $3. The Penmanship course will require only a few quires of good paper, pens and ink, that will cost but a small sum. We request all persons who contemplate entering a school of this kind to call on us, inspect the workings of the school, or write us before entering any similar institution. Address G. S. Kimball, Principal, Albion, Mich. DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION This department to-day is considered a most necessary one in all colleges. It is known that gymnastic training can be so wisely prosecuted that the strength of physical manhood may grow with as much certainty and regularity as the in- tellect develops under systematic and vigorous study. College students, leading a sedentary life, as they necessarily do, find great value in such exercises as are practised in a well- ordered gymnasium. General instruction in the Gymnasium is given throughout the year. Enduring strength, activity and grace are the essen- tials striven for, and these, not through feats replete with danger and calling for sustained and arduous work, but rather through exercises that are safe and beneficial to the partici- pant. The director will be pleased to give physical examina- tions to any desiring them, also to give personal instruction to individuals at any time. Special attention is given to all branches of outdoor sports. It is well known that the terms gymnastics and athletics are not synonymous. The latter is often carried to an extreme that is decidedly harmful; but under the supervision of our director we are sure that outdoor sports can be so conducted as to promote health while they contribute to college spirit. The whole athletic life of the College is under the supervision of a faculty committee, which, working with the student man- agement, compels a high standard of class work and makes every effort to reach the highest ideals of morality and purity in all branches of athletics. Through the generous gift of Mr. John Winter and Dr. Oliver H. Lau, of Detroit, supplemented by the gifts of stu- §8 ALBION COLLEGE dents and friends, a large Athletic Field of twelve acres ad- jacent to the northern branch of the Kalamazoo River, within two blocks of the Gymnasium, has been purchased. The field provides excellent opportunities for all athletic sports. WOMEN ' S DEPARTMENT Two years, two terms each, are required of all literary students before graduation. All students taking the work are required to wear the reg- ulation suit and to attend class regularly. This suit, costing about $5, includes all the expenses demanded by the practical work. (Students will find it less expensive and more desirable to secure suits after reaching here.) Each student on entering the gymnasium is given a phys- ical examination that the director may ascertain what are the especial needs and deficiencies of each student, and all care is taken to insure benefit from the exercises and prevent all possible injuries. The work is carefully graded and progress- ive, so that no undue strain shall be put upon those who are physically unfit to take the heaviest work. However, if a student is not able to take any part of the work, she may, on consulting with the director, be excused during the period of disability. PHYSICAL TRAINING I. The work of the first year is entirely developmental and corrective. The Swedish system is used as a basis, and pre- cision and exactness are demanded. Course A. All students are required to begin with Course A. It cov- ers the work of the Fall term and includes light Swedish gymnastics, gymnastic games and lectures on gymnastics and general hygiene. Course B. — Winter term. Course B presupposes Course A. Dumbbell exercises, marching and basket-ball are taken up; also one lecture a week is given on the anatomy and mechanics of bodily move- ment. YEAR BOOK 99 Course C. — Spring term, elective. Course C presupposes Course A. It includes wand exer- cises, Indian club swinging, and work on apparatus assigned to correct individual defects. PHYSICAL TRAINING II. This includes the work of the second year. The exercises are more highly co-ordinated that that of Physical Training I. Exercises are used which will give a more complete mastery and control over the bodily movements. Course A. — Fall term. Advanced work in Swedish gymnastics is given, also fancy steps and games. Course B. — Winter term. This includes work with Indian clubs, bounding balls and the long poles. Course C. — Spring term, elective. Exercises with hoops and wands are given, also some of the old Swedish Folk Drills are taught. PHYSICAL TRAINING III. This is a course in advanced Physical Training and is given each term during the year. It may be taken by those students who have completed Physical Training I and II. One hour ' s credit a term is given to those who complete the work satisfactorily. EXPENSES COLLEGE AND PREPARATORY SCHOOL. Incidental fee, per term $10.00 Matriculation fee, paid but once for the whole course. 5.00 Graduation fee, Literary Department 10.00 Graduation fee, Conservatory 6.00 For Master ' s Degree 10.00 NORMAL COURSE. Tuition, for the course, if paid in advance $6.00 If paid by the term as work is taken — for whole course. 8.00 CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC. PIANO. Tuition given below includes incidental fees. Private lessons, twice a week, from the Director — Fall term $30.00 Winter term 28.00 Spring term 28.00 Private lessons, once a week, from the Director — Fall term $16.00 Winter term 15.00 Spring term 15.00 Private lessons, twice a week, from other instructors — Fall term $25.00 Winter term 23.00 Spring term 23.00 Private lessons, once a week — Fall term $13.00 Winter term 12.00 Spring term 12.00 ORGAN. Fees same as above. YEAR BOOK 101 VOICE. Fees same as above. VIOLIN, CELLO, VIOLA. Fees same as above, for beginners. Ten per cent increase for advanced pupils. HARMONY AND COUNTERPOINT. Two lessons per week, per term $6.00 SIGHT SINGING AND PUBLIC SCHOOL MUSIC. Fees same as above. ORCHESTRA AND BAND. Instruction Free Rent of Pipe Organ, one hour daily, with power $10.00 SCHOOL OF PAINTING. Incidentals, per term $3.50 Instruction three hours daily, per term 20.00 Instruction two hours daily, per term 15.00 Instruction one hour daily, per term 10.00 SCHOOL OF BUSINESS. Business Course, Fall term, 14 weeks $20.00 Business Course, subsequent terms, three months 18.00 Shorthand Course, per term, three months 18.00 Business-Shorthand Course, per term 25.00 Besides the regular courses there will be classes to accom- modate those from other departments who wish to take special work as follows : — Bookkeeping and Business Practise, per term $10.00 Bookkeeping, per term, five hours a week 6.00 Bookkeeping, per term, three hours a week 4.00 Penmanship, per term, five hours a week 3.50 Penmanship, per term, three hours a week 2.50 Commercial Arithmetic, five hours a week 4.00 Commercial Law, four hours a week 4.00 Typewriting, per term, five hours a week 6.00 Shorthand, alone, per term, five hours a week 10.00 Shorthand, alone, per term, five hours a week (for col- lege students) 6.00 Graduation Fee, one course 3.00 Graduation Fee, two courses 5.0Q GENERAL STATEMENTS No part of incidentals or tuition in any department is refunded when student leaves before the end of the term, un- less by special arrangement. Payment of incidentals entitles the student to the use of the Gymnasium and instruction in gymnastics, use of bath, etc., without additional charge. The following points are worth noting: — 1. Some students find opportunities for manual labor by which they defray expenses of board in part or in full. 2. Very largely students form boarding clubs, in connec- tion with which the cost is about two dollars a week. These clubs are managed on a principle to secure excellent board at something below usual rates. 3. Board costs in private families usually about two dol- lars and fifty cents a week, in some places less than this. Rooms are provided at fifty to seventy-five cents a week. THE EMPLOYMENT BUREAU For several years a systematized effort has been made to provided work for students desiring it. Through the kindly co-operation of people in the city, employment has been given to a considerable number of students. All students desiring employment should register or correspond with the committee as early as possible. There are no fees charged by the bureau. The members of the committee are Professors Frederic S. Goodrich, Delos Fall and Mrs. H. K. Scripps. APPOINTMENT COMMITTEE The faculty undertakes to serve our students and espe- YEAR BOOK 103 daily members of the graduating class in the matter of secur- ing suitable positions. To this end an appointment committee has been designated and this committee will endeavor to as- certain the existence of vacancies and to bring together school officers in search of suitable teachers and candidates whom the committee can recommend as qualified to fill the given posi- tions. The chairman of the committee is Professor Delos Fall. CLOSING EXAMINATIONS 1. Except by a special arrangement approved by vote of the faculty, all students must be present at examinations and the closing recitations of the term, or no credit will be given for the work pursued. 2. Students absenting themselves from the closing or examination work will not, unless such absence was caused by sickness or other unavoidable conditions, be allowed to take the omitted examinations until they occur in regular order with the next class. 3. All conditions or incompletes must be removed within a year from the date of the examination in order to obtain credit without again taking the work in class. ATTENDANCE 1. Persons coming to Albion for the purpose of entering any department of the College are subject to its government from the time of their arrival; and whenever a student has entered College, he is under its jurisdiction until his con- nection is formally closed by graduation or otherwise. 2. Uninterrupted attendance upon College duties during term time is required. Under ordinary circumstances visiting home or friends is discouraged. 3. No student is permitted to leave town without permis- sion of the President or Perceptress. 4. It is the custom of the Perceptress to give informal 104 ALBION COLLEGE talks to the young women, upon topics of interest to them, attendance upon which is required of all the young women in the institution. 5. Students having enrolled for work in the Gymnasium are required to be in attendance as promptly as in any other department. 6. All delinquencies, such as tardiness, deficiency, offenses against any good order in the recitation rooms, are dealt with by the professors of the departments. Flagrant cases are reported to the President or Faculty. CHAPEL SERVICE On each school day, religious services are held in the College Chapel, which all students are required to attend. Disregard of this regulation works forfeiture of member- ship in the institution. Aside from the benefits to be derived from these devotional services, the students have an oppor- tunity each day to meet the President and Faculty for guid- ance in their work. The unity of movement and the largest efficiency in the prosecution of their studies cannot be se- cured without the daily convening of all the students. CHURCH ATTENDANCE On Sunday morning, students are required to attend public worship at such church as they or their parents or guardians may select, and each student is expected to be uni- form in his attendance at the church of his choice. On Thurs- day evening is held the general weekly prayer-meeting, which, though a voluntary service, is attended by a majority of the students. SOCIETIES No literary or other society can exist in connection with the institution, unless by permission granted after the con- YEARBOOK 105 stitution and by-laws of the same shall have been submitted to the Faculty for examination, and shall have received their approval. Whenever the workings of any society shall be deemed prejudicial to the interests of the institution, such society shall be dissolved. The times and places of the meetings of the societies will be subject to regulation by the Faculty; and all meetings, whether of secular societies or any other body of students, shall be open for the attendance of any member of the Faculty or of the Board of Trustees. No society in the College may invite any lecturer to ad- dress them in public until the name of the proposed lecturer shall have been laid before the President, and he shall have given permission to extend the invitation. There are five literary societies connected with the Col- lege, the Eclectic and Athenisedes Society, the Athenaeum, the Zetalethian, the Forum and the Pierian. These organiza- tions are expected to do work up to the grade of College culture, — essays, orations, debates, literary criticism. There are also two largely attended literary societies in the Preparatory School open to all students not enrolled in the College proper. The literary societies have fitted up elegant apartments in which to hold their weekly meetings. SOROSIS Albion College Sorosis is a literary society of young women. The work within the society is primarily literary, consisting of orations, debates, extemporaneous talks and parliamentary drills. The social nature is also developed, thus preparing the members for the duties which naturally fall to them when their college career is ended. The meetings are held every Friday evening in the Sorosis hall. Member- ship is by invitation from the society. CLUBS Students and members of the faculty especially inter- ested in particular lines of work indicated below, have or- ganized and are managing clubs as follows: The Biological 106 ALBION COLLEGE Club, the Pedagogical Club and the Psycho-chemical Club. The names of these organizations indicate the character of the work done and they invariably prove helpful to students who are specializing or who are preparing themselves for the teacher ' s profession. ORATORICAL COMMITTEE At the end of each term every College literary society elects a member to the Oratorical Committee. This organiza- tion, consisting of nine members, is responsible for the College oratorical or debating interests, and has in charge the annual Mock Congress, and such other interests as concern the work of literary societies. CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATIONS I. — The Young Men ' s Christian Association was organized several years ago, and is having a vigorous life. It offers a splendid opportunity for all young men in the College to secure religious instruction and Christian growth, and to do personal religious work. II. — In addition to the Bible instruction given by the Fac- ulty, six or eight courses are offered during the year in each association. In these classes over two hundred students are enrolled. Most prominent among these courses is Studies in the Life of Christ, under Professor Goodrich. Other courses offered are Studies in the Psalms, Prophecies, Acts and the Gospels. Very helpful in the training of Christian workers are the Bible training classes in methods. III. — Careful attention is given to the study of missions. A mission class is maintained throughout the year, in which excellent courses in the History and Methods of Missions and in Missionary Biography are pursued. To supply the needs of these classes, each association sends from two to five students to the Lake Geneva Summer School for special YEAR BOOK 107 training. The Mission Band consists of volunteers, who propose to enter the foreign work. The social work of the associations is by no means a small feature. At the opening of the school year all trains are met by committees from each association, and all possible assist- ance is given in securing rooms and board, enrolling, etc. The Association information bureau seeks to give all needed information to new students. The associations are strictly in- terdenominational, thoroughly and practically Christian, and genuinely helpful. CO-OPERATIVE ASSOCIATION One of the great items of expense to a college student is books. He must read much and read thoroughly. In order to do this well he must not depend on borrowed books, but must have books of his own to which he may refer frequently. The Albion College Co-operative Association was organ- ized December, 1893, for the purpose of furnishing text-books and all other books to the students, Faculty and alumni at reduced rates. From the first, the association has had phenomenal suc- cess. It has reduced the price of books from ten to forty per cent, and at the same time has been put upon a firm, paying basis, as it has the hearty support of the student body. During the short time it has been doing business it has sold nearly $22,000 worth of books, all of which have been sold directly to the students and members of the Faculty. There is a growing tendency on the part of the students to form libraries of standard books, and thus their work in the classroom is greatly facilitated. Any book may be pro- cured through the association, whether it is kept in stock or not. We have at present five hundred members. Upon the pay- ment of a fee of one dollar, any student or former student is entitled to life membership, with all the privileges attaching thereunto, including discount upon all books purchased. CANDIDATES FOR GRADUATION DEGREE OF A. B. Anthony, Mabel Baldwin, Robert W. Bliss, Aaron T., Jr. Bolster, Edith G. Bower, Charles T. Bowling, Alonzo J. Carr, Arthur B. Clancy, Ridley A. Cluff, Arthur C. Courtney, Laura J. Dewey, LeRoy L. Freeland, L. Maude Gildart, Emerson O. Hartwell, Mary E. Howe, Percy Hoyt, Myron E. Johnson, F. Ernest Kean, Hugh P. Kean, Ralph D. Kimball, Guy W. Leonard, Samuel C. McCune, Lucille A. Minor, Irving W. Morse, Lillian Parmater, Emma J. Parshall, Reuben C. Pierson, Fay H. Purdy, Frank M. Richmond, Evart C. Sloan, Ethel I. Taylor, Nellie E. Watters, Frank C. Wilcox, Madge E. Yost, Jesse J. CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC. Babcock, A. Lulu Dole, Edna M. PIANO. Haller, Ruth Louise Kemp, Gertrude E. VOICE. Granger, Kathryn. ORGAN. Sherk, Mildred. YfcAfc BOOK i£ 9 SCHOOL OF,} BUSINESS BUSINESS COURSE. Barnard, Leroy Earle Layher, Karl C Collar, Clarence Lloyd, Grover C. Frost, William S. Martin, Morris Goodale, Lawrence Moe, Alma L. Hewitt, Lynn E. Penzotti, Daniel Johnson, Clyde R. Saxton, Frank E. BUSINESS-SHORTHAND. Archenbronn, Emanuel Love, William J. Kimball, Guy W. Shotwell, Ethel SHORTHAND. Bailey, Lola Johnson, Clifford C. Bechtel, Glen A. Knapp, Leita B. Ball, Estelle Larsen, Ralph A. Black, Richard E. Middleton, Howard C. Blair, Floyd M. Parks, Delivan F. Brooks, Hester L. Pennell, Henry R. Brown, Hattie A. Perine, Myrta M. Downs, Mylo B. Perrin, Gertrude C. Eldridge, Florence A. Perrin, Lola M. Hard, George W. Rae, Jean Hicks, Bessie M. Slussar, Freida Howe, Ethel M. Young, Lena M. Huntly, Trask H. CANDIDATES FOR STATE TEACHERS ' CERTIFICATES Carr, Arthur B. Kimball, Guy W. Clancy, A. Ridley McCune, Lucille A. Courtney, Laura J. Parshall, Reuben C. Freeland, L. Maude Sloan, Ethel I. Hartwell, Mary E. Taylor, Nellie E. Kean, Hugh P. Wilcox, Madge E. Kean, Ralph D. 110 ALBION COLLEGE PURSUING POST-GRADUATE STUDIES Name. Resid ence. Combs, J. Wesley Catawissa, Pa. Darling, Chester A Defiance, O. Deal, Clarence E Three Oaks. Dixon, Margaret Wyoming, 111. Doelle, John A Benton Harbor. Foy, John W Vicksburg. Gardner, Wright A Lansing. Gibson, Frances S Otsego. Haist, F. W Plainwell. Hamilton, Amanda Manistique. Holbrook, Miss Emma Noble, A. B. Chicago, 111. Hyney, W. Bradford Yankton, S. D. Kennedy, Hugh Traverse City. Larabee, F. H Sherwood. Lawrence, A. H Indiana Harbor, Ind. Lescohier, Don D Petoskey. Marshall, James Earle Zeeland. Martin, Arba Petoskey. Martin, Harriet Hewitt Chicago, 111. Moon, Lewis N Bay City. Perrine, Eva Tufts Ann Arbor. Pollock, Cecil E Howard City. Rufus, W. Carl Dryden. Steele, Edgar A Abingdon, 111. Strike, John J Sidnaw. Welch, Mary D Mishawaka, Ind. Weyant, James E Calumet. COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS SENIORS. Name. Residence. Anthony, Mabel Albion. Baldwin, Robert W Detroit. YEAR feOOK 1 1 i Bliss, Aaron T., Jr Beaverton. Bolster, Edith G Albion. Bower, Charles T Clarkston. Bowling, Alonzo J Adairville, Ky. Carr, Arthur B Howard City. Clancy, A. Ridley Albion. Cluff, Arthur C Albion. Courtney, Laura J Britton. Dewey, LeRoy L Decatur. Freeland, L. Maude Mason. Gildart, Emerson O Albion. Hartwell, Mary E Albion. Howe, Percy Moscow. Hoyt, Myron E Grand Blanc. Johnson, F. Ernest Durand. Kean, Hugh P Buchanan. Kean, Ralph D Albion. Kimball, Guy W Albion. Leonard, Samuel C Bright, Ont. McCune, Lucille A Manistique. Minor, Irving W Albion. Morse, Lillian Stanton. Parmater, Emma J Albion. Parshall, Reuben C Reed City. Pierson, Fay H Albion. Purdy, Frank M Sibley. Richmond, Evart C Manistee. Sloan, Ethel I Albion. Ta ylor, Nellie E Albion. Watters, Frank C Ishpeming. Wilcox, Madge E Ludington. Yost, Jesse J Albion. JUNIORS. Akin, R. Ernest Albion. Austin, Grace E Albion. Babcock, A. Lulu Albion. 112 ALBION COLLEGE Ballamy, Blanche W ; . . Bay City Bangs, M. Louise Lansing. Becker, Charles C ...... Albion. Bolen, Roy J Bayne. Cleland, Ethel H Frankfort, N. Cross, Estelle J Mason. Curry, Caleb C Albion. Day, Agnes A Bay City. Dobson, Carrie E. Parma. Dobson, Robert J Parma. Elder, Martin P Petersburg. Evans, Don M Howard City. Farley, Fred L Battle Creek. Fitchett, Frank F. Albion. Fowler, Charles B Eaton Rapids. Freeman, Jeannette Mt. Pleasant. Fuller, Inez L Albion. Humiston, Walter Ransom. Husted, Roy E Flint. Hutchins, Edith Hanover. Keast, Lewis Pensilva, Eng. Langworthy, Charles A Alpena. Larime, Mae Vassar. Lowry, Paul Albion. McLouth, Florence B Addison. Meinke, Albert H Detroit. Merrill, Ray W Flint. Millspaugh, Arthur E Augusta. Newell, Georgia E Lawton. Norton, Ray Hanover. Odium, Wendell A Grand Rapids. Osborne, Isaac Albion. Pryor, Asa Mason. Schneider, Ola M Concord. Shaffer, Clara Belle Albion. Sherff, Earl E Flint. Sumner, G. Lynn Montague. YEAR BOOK 1 1 3 Towsley, William R Harbor Springs. Wesbrook, Emma C Lowell. Williams, Maud Albion. Wright, Wallace G Linden. Zebell, Sophia St. Joseph. SOPHOMORES. Baldwin, Mabel B Comstock. Baldwin, Minnie E Flint. Bastian, Myrtle E Holly. Belcher, Donald R Albion. Benedict, Milton Jones ville Boiteau, Mary E Bay City. Bolender, J. Edson Sparta. Cook, Fred W Wolverine. Dean, Angeline M Gilead. Doty, Clifford E Grand Ledge. Eckardt, Vena M Wayland. Fall, Mark H Albion. Frye, Warren J Trenton, N. J. Haller, Ruth L Ann Arbor. Hard, Leon D Addison. Hartung, Harry C Albion. Hathaway, Grace M Ganges. Hopkins, Russell D Detroit, Jenkins, Mary Mason. Keils, Otto C Mt. Clemens. Knapp, Carl J Owosso. Lampman, James W Hastings. Latham, Rex K Hanover. Leeson, Clyde C Manchester. Lowe, Edward J Milan. Luce, E. Beulah East Tawas. McCall, James E Montgomery, Ala. Martin, Eathel A Albion. Maynard, Floyd R Homer. Meinke, Ella A Detroit. 1 14 ALBION COLLEGE Miller, Cleora A Albion. Moore, Joel R Moscow. Newcomer, Irving A Monroe. Oakes, Jay A East Tawas. Odium, Arnold A. . . , Grand Rapids. Ondrozeck, Frederick Ovid. Pearce, Fredericka Battle Creek. Pope, James H Bay City. Richardson, Harry A South Lyon. Rogers, Mabel L Lennon. Root, Bertha D Battle Creek. Russell, Frederic A Albion. Squire, Howard A Flint. Taylor, Roy H South Haven. Thornton, Hubert L Albion. Thornton, Jesse E Albion. Trebilcock, William E National Mine. Van Egmond, William W. Bay City. Wightman, E. Russell Fennville. FRESHMEN. Abbott, E. Ermo Albion. Allen, Gertrude H Reed City. Anthony, M. Ethel Sturgis. Babcock, Gertrude M Albion. Barber, Floyd A Howard City. Barr, Relis E Ludington. Baughman, Burr J Watervleit. Bechtel, Glenn A Albion. Bedford, F. Welles Grand Rapids. Bower, Marguerite Clarkston. Bretz, Bina B Albion. Campbell, James A Cheboygan. Carey, Elizabeth Albion. Carman, Charles B Albion. Challis, Bertha M Unionville. Clancy, A. Bernice Albion. YEARBOOK 115 Cobb, Arthur E Marshall. Cole, Ethel B Morenci. Collar, Clarence Lowell. Cook, Vera Cadillac. Cooper, Josephine D Kenosha, Wis. Davis, Percy L Kalamazoo. DeRoo, Cornelius P Albion. Dew, Edith M Hanover. Dobbs, Eugene Montgomery. Doty, Mark W Grand Ledge. Drown, Lucretia Elko, Nev. Evans, Edna M Coldwater. Fall, Florence Albion. Fiedler, Amanda Holt. Fitch, Frank L Byron Centre. Fox, Ray Freeport. Goodenow, L. Georga N Albion. Haag, Roy R Albion. Hile, Wesley E Saranac. Hill, Olah J Albion. Hollinshead, Kenneth J Port Clinton, O. Hudnutt, Arthur C Hanover. Immell, Ray K Coldwater. Jillson, George F South Haven. Kennedy, George S Covert Kirkpatrick, Frank A Unionville. Kloepfer, A. Victoria Michigan City, Ind. Lacey, Ralph Albion. Latham, James D Hanover. Lawrence, Francis J Cheboygan. Loomis, Howard South Haven. Lutz, Gretchen Albion. McConnell, Aaron North Branch. Meilstrup, Anna J Bay City. Meinecke, Bruno Detroit. Moffett, Samuel B Flint. Molloy, Alice Ishpeming, 116 ALBION COLLEGE Morse, Ernest W Grand Rapids. Mott, Ethel V Mayville. Mott, Hattie Mayville. Munsell, J. B Fowlerville. Newcomer, Daisie B Monroe. Parker, Myra Hanover. Peabody, John D Pontiac. Peterson, Stella M Saranac. Potter, Hattie I Marcellus. Putnam, Mark E Ovid. Ramsdell, Donald Albion. Ransom, Glenn D Quincy. Roberts, Riggie R Gladwin. Rowley, E. Anna Hanover. Ryerson, Frank L Fowlerville. Sanborn, Lettie C South Haven. Saunderson, Jason M Calcutta, India. Sdunek, Ottelia New Hudson. Seeley, Ward F Mayville. Sessions, Roy L Grand Rapids. Sheldon, Lottie M Climax. Skidmore, Arthur G Fenton. Smith, Clifford Albion. Smith, Lulu M Detroit. Smith, Myrtle Metamora Smoll, Perley A Jonesville. Stewart, Leroy W Lowell. Stewart, Vera Albion. Tellar, Hubert C Tekonsha. Thomas, James Ironwood. Vandercook, Dell C Mason. VanEenenaam, Alice Zeeland. Walker, Harry E Marengo. Weller, Carl V St. Johns. Westbrook, Arthur E Lowell. Wheatley, Marshall A. Gladwin. Whipple, Avolin V. , Ionia, YEAR BOOK 117 Wightman, Ruby D Fennville. Yokom, Charles Mayville. PREPARATORY AND UNCLASSIFIED Abbott, J. Percival Albion. Akin, E. Vera Albion. Aubill, George E Belding. Baldwin, M. Ethel Albion. Barr, M. Elizabeth Albion. Bechraft, Thomas Lupton. Bechtel, Vera F Albion. Beery, Jesse Alma. Black, Richard E St. Joseph. Bliss, Addison L Beaverton. Brooks, Hester L Ionia. Bryan, Rex A Olivet. Buell, Lucile Quincy. Chace, Aurelia E Albion. Clemens, John Cornwall, Eng. Coates, Francis Metamora. Cohoe, Don A Capac. Conrad, Hal L Glenn. Crich, Pearl F Bay City. Dammarell, Ida M Chicago, 111. Day, Edward W Albion. Day, Ernestine E Albion. Day, Frank J Albion. Deal, Cora E Port Huron. Dobson, M. Louise Parma. Ellerby, Harry O Albion. Ellinger, Harry W Grand Rapids. Eslow, Harold J Albion. Evans, Jeanne C Albion. Fiedler, Adae L Holt. Findlay, Milton Turin. Fitch, Albert Byron Centre. Florv, Ruby South Haven ? 118 ALBION COLLEGE Gillett, Alvin E Albion. Gillett, Beula M. Albion. Goodale, Lawrence Milford, N. H. Gordon, John C Dexter. Gordon, J. Ross Scotts. Gullif ord, David B Grand Rapids. Hanson, Claud Mackinac Island. Harrison, Walter H Marlette. Hartt, George W Coral. Hayes, Earl E DeLand, 111. Hess, Ralph G Marshall. Hicks, George G Albion. Hunt, Lura M Coldwater. Jeffries, Angelina Stevensville. Jeff ery, George A Kingston. Jennings, Carrie Albion. Jones, Clara B Moscow. Jones, Grace E Williamston. Kirkpatrick, Russell A Uriionville. Leeman, Matilda Chelsea. McKay, Latona E Minden City. Martin, Claudius Seattle, Wash. Moon, Charles H DeWitt. Moore, Floy W Moscow. Moore, Mabel Moscow. Morell, Fred E Detroit. Mott, Flossy G Mayville. Moxson, Edward T Wyandotte. Nickerson, Robert H Lupton. Oatey, Joseph H National Mine. O ' Rourke, Edgar V Bear Lake. Osborne, George A Whittemore. Packard, Ivan Marengo. Patterson, Elva M Byron Centre. Paul, Eugene Albion. Pimlott, Francis W Detroit. Quincey, Louisa J Caro. YEAR BOOK 1 1 9 Richards, Frederick G Ironwood. Shanley, Bessie M Albion. Sherk, Mildred E Croswell. Smith, Clark H Harrisville. Smith, James Clifford Albion. Smith, Wilbur F Albion. Swanson, John Sibley. Tanner, T. Dewitt Albion. Taylor, Burke W Holland. Tredway, Georgia Metamora. Turner, Raymond C Bristol, Ind. Voigtlander, Gertrude M Detroit. Wallis, Abraham W Cornwall, Eng. Way, Hazel M Waldron. Weidman, J. Stanley, Jr Mt. Pleasant. Weiss, Heinrich Freiburg, Germany. Wilbur, Bert A Charlevoix. Wood, Alpheus P Sturgis. Young, William M. Detroit. CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC POST-GRADUATE STUDENTS. Name. Residence. Austin, Grace E Albion. Gale, Winifreda Prescott, Ariz. PIANO. Abbott, Elizabeth Albion. Akin, Elna Vera Albion. Austin, Grace Albion. Babcock, A. Lulu Albion. Beall, Helen B Albion. Bigelow, Edith L Fowlerville. Bradford, Elsie I Eaton Rapids. Champlin, E. Merle Jackson. Coates, Belle Metamora. Cole, Ethel B Morenci, 120 ALBION COLLEGE Crich, Pearl F Bay City. Culver, Katherine H Albion. Deal, Cora E Port Huron. Dew, M. Edith Hanover. Dickie, Brockway Albion. Dickie, Mary Albion. Dobson, Carrie Parma. Dobson, Louise M Parma. Dole, Edna M Bellaire. Draper, Florence Jackson, Drown, Lucretia Elko, Nev. Fall, Mark Albion. Farley, Fred L Battle Creek. Galloway, C. Eleanor Albion. Haller, Ruth Louise Ann Arbor. Haskin, Mattie E Manton. Hicks, Mrs. Geo Albion. Howe, Daisy Kalamazoo. Holbrook, Emma N Chicago, 111. Howey, G. May Lake City. Hoyt, Lucie Ludington. Hunt, Lura M , Coldwater. Jennings, Carrie Albion. Kemp, Gertrude E St. Clair. Kirkpatrick, Frank A Unionville. Kloepfer, A. Victoria Michigan City, Ind Marsh, Frances Albion. Marple, Herbert Albion. Marteena, Bertha M Homer. Milliman, Maud Bath. Munger, Jennie E Charlotte. Newcomer, Daisie Monroe. Nicholas, Madge E East Jordan. Pearce, Fredericka Battle Creek. Peyette, Lena B Bay City. Randall, Edith Port Huron. Ranger, Genevieve ................ Battle Creek. YEARBOOK 121 Smith, Josephine Grand Ledge. Smith, Myrtle E Metamora, O. Spears, Harriet Chase. Taylor, Agnes J Caro. White, Marguerite Albion. Winn, Estelle Kalamazoo. ORGAN. Bigbee, Feme Jackson. Champlin, E. Merle Jackson. Evans, Edna M Coldwater. Farley, Fred L Battle Creek. Haller, Ruth Louise Ann Arbor. Hoyt, Lucie Ludington. Kloepfer, A. Victoria Michigan City, Ind. Moe, Carrie N Marshall. Munger, Jennie Charlotte. Newcomer, Daisy Monroe, Mich. Randall, Ethel A Port Huron. Sherk, Mildred E Croswell. HARMONY AND COUNTERPOINT. Name. Residence. Abbott, Elizabeth Albion. Austin, Grace Albion. Bangham, Belle D Albion. Bigelow, Edith Fowlerville. Blanchard, Jessie C Albion. Bradford, Elsie I Eaton Rapids. Champlin, Merle E Jackson. Crich, Pearl F Bay City. Culver, Katherine Albion. Day, Ernestine E Albion. Deal, Cora E Port Huron. Dobson, Louise M Parma. Dole, Edna M Bellaire. Farley, Fred L Battle Creek. Galloway, C. Eleanor Albion. 122 ALBION COLLEGE Gillett, Alvin E Albion. Goodenow, L. Georga Albion. Granger, Kathryn Albion. Haller, Ruth Louise Ann Arbor. Haskin, Mattie Manton. Howey, Gertrude May Lake City. Hoyt, Lucie Ludington. Kemp, Gertrude E St. Clair. Kloepfer, A. Victoria Michigan City, Ind. Marteena, Bertha M Homer. Milliman, Maud Bath. Munger, Jennie Charlotte. Nicholas, Madge E East Jordan. Peyette, Lena B Bay City. Randall, Ethel A Port Huron. Shanley, Bessie M Albion. Smith, Josephine Grand Ledge. Spears, Harriet Chase. Stewart, Vera Albion. Taylor, Agnes J Caro. Wesbrook, Ethel A Lowell. Winn, Estelle Kalamazoo. MUSICAL HISTORY. Babcock, A. Lulu Jennings, Carrie Day, Ernestine Payette, Lena Dobson, Louise M Smith, Josephine Dole, Edna Spears, Harriet Champlin, Merle Taylor, Agnes J Galloway, Eleanor Wesbrook, Ethel Gillett, Alvin White, Marguerite Hoyt, Lucie VOICE. Akin, R. Ernest Albion. Akin, C. Arthur Albion. Anthony, Mary Ethel Sturgis. YEAR BOOK 123 Anthony, Mabel Albion. Austin, Grace Albion. Bangham, Belle D Albion. Blair, Mrs. S. E Albion. Blanchard, Jessie C Albion. Bower, Chas. T Clarkston. Bower, Marguerite Clarkston. Coates, Belle Metamora Culver, Katherine Albion. Dammarell, Ida Mae, Chicago, 111. Day, Ernestine Albion. Durrin, Jessie Albion. Freeman, Jeanette Mt. Pleasant. Gale, Winif reda Prescott, Ariz. Galloway, Eleanor Albion. Gillett, Alvin E Albion. Gillett, Beula M Albion. Goodenow, L. Georga Albion. Granger, Kathryn Albion. Green, Mrs. Elizabeth Minden City. Haskins, Mattie Manton. Hathaway, Grace M Ganges. Holbrook, Emma N Chicago, 111. Howey, S. May Lake City. Kimball, Guy Albion. Latham, Rex. K Hanover. Meilstrup, Anna J Bay City. Mott, Florence G Mayville. Munger, Jennie Charlotte. Nease, Jessie G Grand Rapids. Nicholas, Madge E East Jordon. Oakes, Jay A East Tawas. Potter, Hattie I Marcellus. Rolston, Racelia K Mobile, Ala. Rowley, Anna E Hanover. Sessions, Roy L Grand Rapids. Shanley, Bessie M Albion. 1 24 ALBION COLLEGE Sherk, Mildred Croswell. Stewart, Vera Albion. Tellar, Hubert C Tekonsha Thornton, Jesse E Albion. Treadway, Georgia Metamora, Wellington, Darken Albion. Wesbrook, Ethel A Lowell. SIGHT SINGING AND PUBLIC SCHOOL MUSIC. Name. Residence. Akin, C. Arthur Albion. Anthony, Mary Ethel Sturgis. Gale, Winif reda Prescott, Ariz. Goodenow, Georga L Albion. Granger, Kathryn Albion. Holbrook, Emma N Chicago, 111. Hoyt, Lucie Ludington. Meilstrup, Anna J Bay City. Mott, Florence G Mayville. Rolston, Racelia K Mobile, Ala. Shanley, Bessie M Albion. Wellington, Darleen Albion. VIOLIN. Bolender, J. Edson Sparta. Borner, June Albion. Calahan, R. Lulu Mancelona. Colby, Martha Albion. Cook, Clara Homer. Cummings, Truman Albion. Foster, Laurence Albion. Freeman, Jiles Union City. Gardner, Helen Albion. Hafer, John Homer. Howey, Steven Lake City. Immel, Ray K Coldwater. Lane, Mabel Marshall. Roberts, Harry Homer. YEAR BOOK 125 Rogers, Ethel Albion. Schumacher, Carl Albion. Stewart, Vera Albion. Strong, Gerald Homer. Thornton, Hubert L Albion. Waldorf, Daniel Albion. CELLO. Day, Frank J Albion. Howey, G. May Lake City. Knickerbocker, Clifford Albion. Strong, Roswell Homer. DOUBLE BASS. Tellar, Hubert C Tekonsha. PAINTING AND DRAWING Name. Residence. Benedict, Milton Jonesville. Culver, Katherine H Albion. Ford, Nora Albion. Flory, Ruby South Haven. Freeland, L. Maude Mason. Green, Elizabeth C Minden City. Gale, Winif reda Prescott, Ariz. Hagle, Mrs. A. E Albion. Hill, Olah Albion. Howey, G. May Lake City. Hungerford, Ethel Albion. Kemp, Gertrude E St. Clair. Kennedy, George S Covert. Lawler, Mrs. F. T Albion. Leeson, Clyde C Manchester. Peabody, John D Pontiac. Potter, Hattie I Marcellus. Purdy, Frank M Sibley. Sharrard, Anna Homer. 126 ALBION COLLEGE Wartman, Phebe Albion. Waples, Miss Marshall. Wheatley, Marshall A Gladwin. SCHOOL OF BUSINESS GENERAL COURSE. Name. Residence. Archenbronn, Emanuel Munith. Bailey, Lola Albion. Ball, Arthur A Marshall. Ball, Estelle Marshall. Barnard, Leroy Earle Mancelona. Bedwin, Luke C Charlevoix. Beery, Jesse L Alma. Beman, Floyd L Albion. Black, Richard E St. Joseph. Blair, Floyd M Charlevoix. Buttars, Ray H Charlevoix. Campbell, James Cheboygan. Campbell, Rayal R St. Ignace. Carey, Melvin Hanover. Clemens, John Cornwall, Eng. Collar, Clarence Lowell. Caller, Leon B Tecumseh. Davis, Percy Kalamazoo. DeRoo, Carnell P Albion. Downs, Mylo B Lansing. Elder, Martin P Petersburg. Eldridge, Florence A Albion. Ellerby, Carl V Albion. Ellerby, Hary O Albion. Findlay, Milton Turin. Fox, Ray Freeport. Frost, William S Eckford. Gee, Lyman B Lakeview. tEAil BOOK 127 Goodale, Lawrence Milford. Gordon, Calvin G Pigeon. Gulliford, David Grand Rapids. Hard, George W Marshall. Hewitt, Lynn E South Haven. Hicks, Bessie M Albion. Hile, Wesley Saranac. Hobbins, James B Concord. Hollenbeck, Lyle Homer. Howe, Ethel M Albion. Hudnutt, Arthur Hanover. Johnson, Clyde R Trufant. Johnson, Clifford C Grand Ledge. Kimball, Guy W Albion. Knapp, Leita B Napoleon. Layher, Karl C Marshall. Larsen, Ralph A DeWard. Lloyd, Grover C Albion. Loomis, Howard South Haven. Love, William J Bath. McCone, Roy J Reeta, Mont. Martin, Morris Albion. Maddock, Homer East Jordan. Moe, Alma L Munith. Oatey, Joseph H National Mine. Parks, Daniel A Munith. Parks, Delivan F Munith. Pennell, Henry R Albion. Penzatti, Daniel Albion. Perine, Myrta M Albion. Perrin, Lola M Bronson. Peterson, Glenn Albion. Pryor, Asa A Mason. Rae, Jean Albion. Saxton, Frank E Albion. Shields, Frank H Homer. Shook, Howard J Au Sable. 128 ALBIOtt COLLEM Shotwell, Ethel Dimondale. Smith, Wilbur F Albion. Smith, Clark H Harrisville. Snyder, Fred C Au Sable. Strobridge, Claud A Boyne City. Treloar, Bennett Ironwood. Vandercook, Dell C Mason. Wallis, Abraham W Cornwall, Eng. Wilbur, Bert A Charlevoix. Young, Lena Mae Albion. SHORTHAND AND TYPEWRITING. Name. Residence. Archenbronn, Emanuel Munith. Ackley, Ina B Waldron. Bailey, Lola Albion. Ball, Estelle Marshall. Bangham, Mrs. A. D Albion. Barnard, Leroy Earle Mancelona. Bechtel, Glen A Albion. Beman, Floyd L Albion. Bedwin, Luke C Charlevoix. Black, Richard E St. Joseph. Blair, Floyd M Charlevoix. Brooks, Hester L Ionia. Brown, Hattie A Albion. Buttars, Ray H Charlevoix. Collar, Clarence Lowell. Campbell, P-yal R St. Ignace. Carey, Melvin Hanover. Coller, Leon B Tecumseh Carey, William A Charlevoix. Doolittle, Eva M Albion. Downs, Mylo B Lansing. Eldridge, Florence A Albion. Frost, William S Eckford. Goodale, Lawrence Milford. YEAR BOOK 129 Hard, George W Marshall. Hayes, Earlc C DeLand, 111. Hewitt, Lynn E South Haven. Hicks, Bessie M Albion. Hollenbeck, Lyle Homer. Hough, Clifford R Albion. Howe, Ethel M Albion. Huntly, Trask H Grand Rapids. Johnson, Clifford C Grand Ledge. Kimball, Guy W Albion. King, Claire F Mt. Vernon, O. Knapp, Leita B Napoleon. Larsen, Ralph A DeWard. Lloyd, Grover C Albion. Love, William J Bath. Martin, Morris Albion. Middleton, Howard C Mancelona. Moe, Alma L Munith. Nickel, William F Au Sable. Parks, Daniel A Munith. Parks, Delivan F Munith. Pennell, Henry R Albion. Perine, My rta M Albion. Perrin, Gertrude C Pittsford. Perrin, Lola M Bronson. Rae, Jean Albion. Rollins, Elizabeth Albion. Salmond, Carrie E Hunter ' s Creek. Santon, Frank E Albion. Shaffer, Beatrice Council Bluffs, Iowa. Shaw, Clifford H Bronson. Shields, Frank H Homer. Shook, Howard J Au Sable. Shotwell, Ethel Dimondale. Slussar, Freida Mancelona. Snyder, Fred C Au Sable. Strobridge, Claud A Boyne City. 130 ALBION COLLEGE Taylor, Bert W Allegan. Treloar, Bennett Ironwood. Tuller, Hubert C Tekonsha. Waggoner, Estella G Pinnebog. Whitney, Ella M Tekonsha. Wilbur, Bert A Charlevoix. Wright, Bernard Albion. Young, Lena M Albion. SUMMARY OF STUDENTS COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS Pursuing Post-Graduate Studies 27 Seniors 34 Juniors 45 Sophomores 49 Freshmen 92 247 PREPARATORY AND UNCLASSIFIED In the several courses , 89 CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC Post-Graduate Students 2 Piano V 53 Pipe Organ fjpv 12 Harmony V. .. . v 38 Voice y.( l !if. 47 Sight Singing 4 nx • J$ • - -V 12 Violin ZG fc . v p; 2 5 Musical History V. . .7 P.,. 15 204 SCHOOL OF PAINTING In all classes v 22 SCHOOL OF BUSINESS General Course 75 Shorthand and Typewriting 69 144 Total by Departments 706 Deduct for recounting 223 Total ., 483 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS-URBANA 3 0112111952351