Albion College - Albionian Yearbook (Albion, MI)

Text from Pages 1 - 132 of the 1904 volume:

c M KV l ' o 4r - o sjl Vol.1 Albion College Bulletin No. 3 ALBION COLLEGE YEAR BOOK 1904-1905 COLLEGE, OF LIBERAL ARTS CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC SCHOOL OF ART X X X X SCHOOL OF ORATORY X X NORMAL COURSE X X X X PREPARATORY DEPARTMENT COMMERCIAL DEPARTMENT Entered March 8, 1905, at Albion, Mich., as second-class matter, under Act of Congress oi July 16, 1894. Published at least four times per year. s $(b b All graduates and former students of Albion College are requested to inform the Eresident of the College of any change in address or occupation, or of any event of especial interest to the institution or to their former classmates. F YEAR BOOK ALBION COLLEGE Jot 19044905 WITH ANNOUNCEMENTS FOR 1905-1906 PUBLISHED BY ALBION COLLEGE ALBION, MICHIGAN .-. NINETEEN HUNDRED FIVE vf PUBLISHED BY ALBION COLLEGE. TABLE OF CONTENTS. Announcements 4 The College Corporation and Endowment Fund Committee 5 Standing Committees and Visitors 6 Officers of Instruction and Government 7 History 9 Location io Grounds and Buildings n Character of the School 13 Library 14 Reading Room 14 Provisions for the Study of Astronomy 14 Provisions for the Study of Biology 15 Provisions for the Study of Physics 16 Provisions for the Study of Chemistry 16 Conservatory of Music 18, 75 School of Painting 18, 81 Business Department 18, 83 Preparatory School 18 Tabulated Courses of Study in Preparatory School 20 Statements in regard to same 21 Requirements for Admission 29 College of Liberal Arts 33 Ancient Languages 34 M odern Languages 36 Romance Languages 39 English 40 Elocution and Oratory 43 History, Politics and Economics 44 Mathematics 47 Astronomy 49 Physics 50 Chemistry 52 Biology 56 Geology 58 Philosophy 58 Pedagogy 59 The English Bible 61 Grouping of Elective Work 62 College Work Tabulated 64 Schedule of Recitations 66 Graduation 70 Degrees 70 Diplomas 71 Enrollment and Work of Class Officers 71 Prizes 72 Scholarships 73 Physical Education 89 Expenses 92 The Employment Bureau 94 Closing Examinations 95 Attendance. 95 Chapel Service 96 Church Attendance 96 Societies 96 Christian Associations 98 Co-operative Association 99 Candidates for Graduation 100 List of Students 103 Summary of Students 122 ANNOUNCEMENTS FOR 1905-1906. COMMENCEMENT WEEK, 1905. June 15 — Commencement Reminiscence Prayer Meeting, 8.00 p. m. June 16 — Conservatory Concert, 8.00 p. m. June 17 — Quinquennial Reunion of Eclectic and Atheniaedes Society, 8.00 p. m. June 18 — Commencement Sunday. June 19 — Class Day Exercises, 10.00 a. m. and 2.00 p. m. Meeting Board of Trustees, 2.00 p. m. Business Meeting of Alumni Association, 4.00 p. m. Open Air Concert, 7.00 p. m. Alumni Address, 8.00 p. m. June 20 — Commencement Day. OPENING OF THE COLLEGE YEAR IN ALL DEPARTMENTS. FALL TERM, I905. Sept. 19 — Examination of Candidates for Admission; Pres- entation of Certificates from Approved Schools; Special Examinations, 9.00 a. m. Sept. 20 — Enrollment Day — Commencing 9.00 a. m. Sept. 21 — First Chapel Exercises, 9.00 a. m. Dec. 12 — Meeting of the Board of Trustees, 2.00 p. m. Dec. 21 — Term closes at 12.00 m. WINTER TERM, I906. Jan. 2 — Entrance and Special Examinations, 9.00 a. m. Enrollment Day, 9.00 a. m. Jan. 3 — Recitations begin — Chapel, 9.00 a. m. Mar. 23 — Term closes at 12.00 m. SPRING TERM, I906. Apr. 3 — Entrance and Special Examinations, 9.00 a. m. Enrollment Day, 9.00 a. m. Apr. 4 — Recitations begin — Chapel, 9.00 a. m. June 21 — Commencement Day. THE COLLEGE CORPORATION. PRESIDENT, CHARLES M. RANGER. VICE-PRESIDENT, WILLIAM DAWE. SECOND VICE-PRESIDENT, EDWIN N. PARSONS. TREASURER, EUGENE P. ROBERTSON. SECRETARY, SAMUEL DICKIE. FIELD SECRETARY, WILLIAM DAWE. TRUSTEES. SAMUEL DICKIE, ex-officio. ELECTED BY DETROIT CONFERENCE. Albert Beebe Detroit 1905 J. F. Berry, D. D Buffalo, N. Y 1905 James C. McCaul Detroit 1906 Hon. Aaron T. Bliss Saginaw 1906 Rev. William Dawe, D. D Detroit 1907 James H. Simpson Detroit 1907 ELECTED BY MICHIGAN CONFERENCE. Edwin N. Parsons Albion 1905 Rev. M. M. Callen, D. D Kalamazoo 1905 David D. Erwin Muskegon 1906 Rev. Robert E. Meader Eaton Rapids 1906 Rev. John Graham, D. D Grand Rapids 1907 E. J. Phelps Kalamazoo 1907 ELECTED BY ALUMNI SOCIETY. Rev. E. B. Bancroft, D. D Ann Arbor 1905 John G. Brown Albion 1906 Charles M. Ranger Battle Creek 1907 ENDOWMENT FUND COMMITTEE. Samuel Dickie, Chairman and Treasurer Albion William H. Brace Detroit Hon. Clement Smith Hastings STANDING COMMITTEES FOR 1904=05. Executive Committee — C. M. Ranger, John G. Brown, William Dawe, Edwin N. Parsons, Samuel Dickie. Auditing Committee — C. M. Ranger, John G. Brown, William Dawe, Edwin N. Parsons, Samuel Dickie. Finance Committee — John G. Brown, Albert Beebe, E. J. Phelps, James H. Simpson. Committee on Faculty — Edward B. Bancroft, James C. McCaul, Samuel Dickie, D. D. Erwin, M. M. Callen. Committee on Rules and Regulations — Aaron T. Bliss, John Graham, R. E. Meader, Albert Beebe. Committee on Library and Apparatus — Aaron T. Bliss, J. F. Berry, James H. Simpson, D. D. Erwin. Committee on Buildings and Grounds — Edwin N. Par- sons, John G. Brown, John Graham, Samuel Dickie, R. E. Meader. VISITORS AND EXAMINERS. ON BEHALF OF THE STATE. Hon. Levi L. Barbour Detroit Supt. W. H. Elson Grand Rapids APPOINTED BY DETROIT CONFERENCE. Rev. D. H. Ramsdell Port Huron Rev. E. P. Bennett.... Detroit APPOINTED BY MICHIGAN CONFERENCE. Rev. E. A. Armstrong Ludington Rev. W. F. Kendrick Greenville OFFICERS OF INSTRUCTION AND GOVERNMENT. SAMUEL DICKIE, M. S., LL. D., President. MRS. HELEN KNAPPEN-SCRIPPS, Ph. B, Dean for Women. CHARLES H. WOOLBERT, A. B., Secretary. CHARLES ELISHA BARR, A. M., Registrar. FRANK WILBUR CHACE, Doc. of Mus, Director of Conservatory. GUSTAVUS S. KIMBALL, M. Accrs., Principal of Commercial Department. SAMUEL DICKIE, M. S., LL. D., John Owen Professor of Philosophy. DELOS FALL, Sc. D., Senior Professor; David Preston Professor of Chemistry. ♦FREDERICK LUTZ, A. M., Professor of Modern Lan- guages and Literature. CHARLES ELISHA BARR, A. M., Professor of Geology and Biology. FREDERIC SAMUEL GOODRICH, A. M., Helen Marion Fiske Alumni Professor of the English Bible, Acting Pro- fessor of Greek Language and Literature. WILLIAM MAXWELL BURKE, Ph. D., Henry M. Loud Professor of History and Acting Professor of Economics. MRS. HELEN KNAPPEN-SCRIPPS, Ph. B., Dean for Women, Instructor in English Literature. FREDERICK C. DEMOREST, A. M., D. D., Professor of Latin. CHARLES H. WOOLBERT, A. B., Professor of English and Oratory (W. Scott Brown Chair of Belles Lettres). FRANCIS W. HANAWALT, A. M., W. H. Brockway Pro- fessor of Mathematics, Acting Ezra Bostwick Professor of Astronomy. CLARENCE W. GREENE, A. B., Professor of Physics. On leave in Europe. Returns September, 1905. 8 ALBION COLLEGE ELLEN JOSEPHINE CLARK, A. M., Instructor in English and Latin. JOHN ZEDLER, A. B., Instructor in German. CLYDE W. EMMONS, A. B., Instructor in Mathematics and Greek. MRS. NANIE K. BEAN RANSOM, A. B., A. M., In- structor in French and English Literature. MARTHA E. COGSHALL, Instructor in History. FRANK WILBUR CHACE, Doctor of Music, Director of Conservatory, Instructor in Pipe Organ and in Voice. MRS. CLARISSA DICKIE-STEWART, Teacher of Piano and Harmony. HARRIET F. REYNOLDS, Teacher of Piano and Musical History. MRS. MARTHA REYNOLDS-COLBY, Teacher of Violin, Viola and Violoncello. MRS. AURELIA EDWARDS CHACE, Teacher of Ele- mentary Harmony and Sight Reading. RALPH RANSOM, Instructor in Art. GUSTAVUS SYLVESTER KIMBALL, M. Accts, Prin- % cipal of Commercial Department. MARY E. LUCAS, Teacher of Shorthand and Typewriting. NANNIE LANDON, Teacher of Shorthand and Typewriting. WALTER S. KENNEDY, Director of Physical Education for Men Students. EMMA J. PARMATER, Director of Physical Education for Women Students. ELEANOR T. AVANN, A. M., Librarian. ROSA BALL, B. S., Assistant Librarian. Resigned March, 1905. HISTORY. In the year 1833, Rev. Henry Colclazer, Rev. Elijah H. Pilcher and Benjamin H. Packard, M. D., resolved to inau- gurate a movement for the establishment of an academy of higher learning in Michigan. Spring Arbor was chosen as a location, and in the spring of 1835 the Legislature granted a charter under the corporate name of Spring Arbor Seminary, locating the institution on the site of an old Indian village, in the town of Spring Arbor. In the spring of 1839 the charter was amended, lo- cating the school at Albion and reconstructing the Board of Trustees. In November of 1843, the first building was completed and opened for the reception of students. Rev. Charles F. Stock- well, A. M., a graduate of Middletown University, was ap- pointed principal. In 1849, the charter was amended by the creation of a Female College, so that the corporate name became, Wes- leyan Seminary and Female Collegiate Institute. The in- stitution was empowered to grant degrees to women only. In 1861, the original charter was still further amended, authorizing the institution to confer degrees on both men and women, the corporate name becoming Albion College. The management of the institution is vested in a Board of Trustees, consisting of sixteen persons, six elected by the Detroit Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church, six by the Michigan Conference, and three by the Society of Alumni. The President of the College is associated as a member ex-officio. A special board or committee, as custodian of the Endow- ment Fund, was created by act of the Legislature in 1865. LOCATION. Albion is a thriving city of 6,000 inhabitants, situated in the central portion of the Lower Peninsula of Michigan. The postal, telegraph and telephone facilities are equal to those of the largest cities in the State. Albion is on the main line of the Michigan Central Railroad, 95 miles west of Detroit. The Lansing division of the Lake Shore Michigan Southern crosses the Michigan Central at this place, providing direct connection with the main line of the Lake Shore on the south, and at the north with the Grand Rapids division of the Michigan Central, the Pere Marquette, the Grand Trunk and other lines. GROUNDS AND BUILDINGS. The College Campus contains eighteen acres. The Central Building is the name applied to the first col- lege structure, designated central as it now stands between two other structures erected at a somewhat later day. It is rectangular in form, 40x100 feet, and four stories in height. This building contains lecture rooms for the College of Liberal Arts, the Biological Laboratory and the Zoological Museum. The North Building, situated just north of the foregoing, is 80 feet long, 50 feet wide and three stories in height. It contains four lecture rooms, quarters for the Commercial School, the Art Studio and two Literary Societies. The Chapel Building stands directly south of the Central Building, and is three stories high, 80 feet long and 50 feet wide. The second and third stories are wholly devoted to chapel purposes. The first story is devoted to the work of the Conservatory of Music and the Secretary ' s office. The Astronomical Observatory was erected in 1883, is two stories high, with a round tower which rises to three stories and is surmounted by a dome. On the lower floor are the lecture rooms of the departments of Astronomy and Mathe- matics, and the pier-room, through which pass the brick supports for the fixed instruments. On the second floor are the transit room, containing the Transit Circle, Clock and Chronograph, a computing room, a room for portable instru- ments, and a room containing the Astronomical and Meteoro- logical Library. In the round tower is placed the Equatorial. The Gymnasium was completed in 1892. The first story is of field stone; above this the building consists of a heavy frame inclosed with brick. The building has a frontage of 12 ALBION COLLEGE 54 feet, and is 92 feet in depth, surmounted with a gothic roof to provide sufficient height. The McMillan Chemical Laboratory was erected in 1893, the gift of Hon. James McMillan, of Detroit. It is a sub- stantial and modern building, three stories in height above the basement. In the first story, which is 13 feet high, there is the or- ganic laboratory, 27x30 feet, containing tables for 24 students, with 29 feet of hoods, also wall tables, cases for chemicals, etc. Adjacent to this are the quantitative laboratory, 22x30 feet, with tables for 20 students, hoods, wall tables, etc.; a combustion room, 10x17 feet, and dispensing room, 10x21. On the other side of the hall is the instructor ' s study. Off this is a private laboratory, with large table, hoods, wall tables, cases, etc. The balance room, 9x21, and a research room, 15x30 feet, complete the equipment of this floor. The second story is also 13 feet high and contains the quali- tative laboratory, 40x49 feet, with tables for 80 students, with seven hoods, wall tables, cases, etc. The lecture room, also on this floor, 30x37 feet, will accommodate 82 students, the seating being arranged in rising tiers of chairs. The third story is 10 feet high and contains a Chemical Museum and a Museum of Mineralogy, which is especially rich in ores and rare minerals, together with a valuable collection of marbles and granite, and also the Museums of Palaeontology and Lithology. Mrs. Charlotte T. Gassette, of Albion, has erected a beautiful and commodious building in memory of her de- ceased daughter, Miss Lottie L. Gassette. The building is designated Lottie L. Gassette Memorial Library, and is both an ornamental and useful addition to our facilities. Four Fraternity Halls have been erected on the east por- tion of the college grounds, the institution having granted leases of sites for a period of years. The Winter-Lau Athletic Field, less than two blocks from the College, presents one of the best equipped athletic fields in the West. CHARACTER OF THE SCHOOL. The institution is a college of Liberal Arts. It is not a theological school. There are a few Biblical studies, but no chair of theology. There are no theological tests and no religious exactions beyond regular attendance at chapel ex- ercises during school days and attendance at church on the Sabbath, giving the students their choice of place of worship. LIBRARIES, LABORATORIES AND OBSERVATORY. LIBRARY. The Library, the gift of Mrs. Charlotte T. Gassette, of Albion, Michigan, is a substantial new brick structure, well equipped, well heated, well lighted, containing 16,000 volumes, besides a large number of unbound volumes and pamphlets. The Reading Room, ample and attractive, is abundantly supplied with encyclopedias, dictionaries, lexicons and general works of reference. There is also a full supply of papers and all the leading magazines of the day. Three indexes are supplied, Poole ' s, Readers ' Guide to Periodical Literature, and the Annual, guiding readers to needed information contained in bound volumes of period- icals. The Dewey, or Decimal, system of classification is used, and a new card catalogue makes the books easily accessible to all. Free access to book shelves is given to all, and in addition to their use in Library building, books, with some necessary restrictions, may be drawn for home use. The Library is open from 7.30 a. m. to 12 m., and from 1. 15 p. m. to 4.30 p. m., except on Saturdays, when it is open from 8.00 a. m. to 12.00 m. PROVISIONS FOR THE STUDY OF ASTRONOMY. In Astronomy, the facilities offered by the College are excellent. The equipment is fully adequate for purposes of instruc- tion or research. The Equatorial Telescope is of eight inches YEAR BOOK 15 clear aperture, made and mounted by Alvan Clark Sons. It is provided with circles, coarse and fine, driving clock, filar micrometer with field and side illumination and eye pieces giving range from a low-power comet-seeker to eight hundred diameters. The Transit Circle, by Fauth Co., is of a four- inch aperture and is provided with micrometers in right ascen- sion and declination, levels sensitive to one second of arc and vertical circles reading to single seconds by micrometer mi- croscopes. The Sidereal Clock and Chronograph are by the same makers. All of the instruments are in electrical con- nection. PROVISIONS FOR THE STUDY OF BIOLOGY. The Biological department occupies the second and third stories of the Central Building. The northern half of the third floor, 40x50 feet, is given to the Museum, while the southern half contains the Lecture Room and Laboratories. The Lecture Room will seat sixty students, and is so arranged as to be quickly darkened for stereopticon lectures. The gen- eral Laboratory is 25x66 feet, and will accommodate sixty students at one time. It is excellently lighted and provided with all needful facilities for work, including fifty-seven com- pound microscopes, microtomes, embedding apparatus, in- cubator, aquaria, and private lockers for students. The rest of the space is occupied by a private room for the instructor, storage room and two rooms especially arranged for photo- graphic work. The equipment is ample for both elementary and advanced work, and is increased as the needs of the work demand. Preserved specimens are kept on hand as material for dissection. A working Biological Library is kept in the general Laboratory, always open to students for reference or research. The microscopical cabinet contains several hundred mounted specimens, and is supplemented by the large collec- tion of over two thousand slides belonging to the professor in charge. 1 6 ALBION COLLEGE PROVISIONS FOR THE STUDY OF PHYSICS. The laboratory work in the department of Physics has been greatly strengthened by the recent purchase of a con- siderable amount of well-selected modern physical apparatus. Among the instruments now available for class illustration and laboratory work are the following: Vernier calipers, micrometer gauges, microscope, telescopes, spherometer, Jolly ' s balance, Hawkes-Atwood ' s machine, Toepler-Voss self- charging electrical machine, diffraction grating, optical bench with accessories, photometric apparatus, Geneva spec- trometer, highly polished prisms, laboratory clock with sweep second hand, bending apparatus with telephone attach- ment, Boyle ' s law apparatus, Mohr ' s specific gravity balance, laboratory recorder for vibrations of tuning forks, simple pen- dulum apparatus with sounder for time work, pyknometers, moment of inertia apparatus, Kundt ' s apparatus for velocity of sound in metals, specific heat apparatus, heat of vaporiza- tion apparatus, micrometer cathetometer, rheostat, commu- tators, electric keys, electric motor, turning lathe with tools, magnets, lenses, torsional apparatus, linear expansion appa- ratus, fountain in vacuum apparatus, Magdeburg hemispheres, batteries of various kinds, Rhumkorff induction coil, resist- ance boxes, Weston voltmeter, Weston ammeter, wireless telegraphy outfit, single valued and subdivided multiple con- densers, direct reading D ' Arsonval galvanometer, tangent gal- vanometer, Rowland D ' Arsonval reflecting galvanometers with telescopes and scales, astatic galvanometer, earth inductor and other electrical measuring instruments. PROVISIONS FOR THE STUDY OF CHEMISTRY. The Chemical Laboratory is well supplied with all neces- sary chemicals and apparatus required for the various lines of work. One hundred and forty students can be accommo- dated at one time with tables fully supplied with gas and water, Bunsen burners, condensers, beakers, flasks, test-tubes, platinum ware, etc. A large amount of pure chemicals is YEAR BOOK 17 kept on hand, and additions are constantly being made. The weighing room contains five accurate balances. Nitrometers, burettes, graduates, pipettes, thermometers, hydrometers, etc., are supplied to each student as they are needed. A battery of sufficient current for ordinary electrolytic operations is now in use, and it is expected, by the beginning of the year, to take the current from the lighting system so as to command facilities for all classes of electrolytic work. The assaying laboratory is equipped with furnaces for the complete fire- assay, crucible fusion, roasting and cupeling of gold, silver, lead, etc. The Portland Cement Laboratory is thoroughly equipped with all the necessary apparatus for analyzing the raw ma- terials, clay and limestone, furnaces for burning the cement, tensile strength machine and other apparatus for the complete testing of Portland cement. In this connection facilities are also provided for the examination of coal, peats and other forms of fuel. During the present summer, it is expected to install a complete laboratory for the analysis of gases, with especial reference to its application in the manufacture of illumina- ting gas. As an important and indispensable adjunct to the other apparatus may be mentioned a good working library of refer- ence works. This is located in the reading-room of the Laboratory and is in constant use. The leading chemical journals are kept on file, The Journal of the Chemical Society of London, The American Chemical Journal, The Berichte de Chemischen Gesellschaft, The Chemical News, London Pharmaceutical Journal, while the general library contains full files of the American Journal of Science and Arts, Sci- ence, Popular Science Monthly and others. For detailed statement of courses in the Laboratory, see Outline of Work. 1 8 ALBION COLLEGE CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC. Students are admitted to this department at any stage of the course. They must confer with the Director of the de- partment to determine what work they can properly carry. They will be assigned to such grade as their requirements in- dicate. Term tickets must be procured before entering upon the work. SCHOOL OF PAINTING. Before commencing work in the studio, art students must procure tickets for the same, and talk with the head of the department as to plans of work and proficiency — if any — already gained. The order and kind of work must be subject to the judgment of the professor in charge. BUSINESS DEPARTMENT. The literary attainments of students entering this depart- ment vary greatly, and hence they must be treated according to individual qualifications. The Principal must, therefore, be acquainted with the fitness of each on entering. This can only be done by full and free conference with him. PREPARATORY SCHOOL. The College maintains a preparatory school for several reasons : — i. Many young people desire to fit themselves for college, but reside in communities which are not provided with high school advantages. YEAR BOOK IQ. 2. In many of the graded schools of the State, the work is not sufficiently extended to prepare the student for admis- sion into college classes. 3. Many of the high schools of the State do not provide instruction that will prepare for all lines of college work. Some have only an English course, others English and Scien- tific courses, etc. Many students desire to study Latin, Greek, German, etc., in preparation for college, who are un- able to find adequate provision for the same in their home graded schools. Candidates for admission into the Preparatory depart- ment must have a knowledge of the primary branches, in- cluding geography, arithmetic, grammar and spelling, so far as will fit them to take up the work of the first year. Starting with this preparation, those who are studious will be able to complete the course prescribed in four years and to enter the Freshman class. For advanced standing, examina- tions must be passed on that part of the course for which credit is given, or on work equivalent thereto, unless certifi- cates are brought for the same from accredited schools. 20 ALBION COLLEGE TABULATED COURSES OF STUDY IN THE PRE- PARATORY SCHOOL. FIRST YEAR. FIRST TERM. English Physiology . . . U. S. History. SECOND TERM. English 5 Correlated Science. 5 U. S. History 5 THIRD TERM. English 5 Correlated Science.5 Civics 5 English 4 Latin 5 Algebra . % 3 General History. . .4 English 5 5 Geometry 3 ( Algebra 2 Latin, ) Greek or Y 5 German j SECOND YEAR. English Latin Algebra General History. English 4 Latin 5 Algebra 3 General History. . .4 THIRD YEAR. English 5 J Geometry 3 j Algebra 2 Latin, Greek or German English J Geometry 3 (Algebra 2 Latin, ] Greek or j- 5 German J FOURTH YEAR. Plane Geometry. . 3 ( Algebra 2 Physics 5 J Solid Geometry.. 3 Algebra 2 Physics 5 } Solid Geometry.. 3 Algebra 2 Physics 5 Amer. Literature . . 5 German 4 Latin 5 Greek 5 The following subjects are elective : — Eng. Literature. ... 5 German 4 Latin 5 Greek 5 Eng. Literature. ... 5 German 4 Latin 5 Greek 5 STATEMENTS IN REGARD TO THE FOREGOING. ENGLISH. Course I. — Five hours per week throughout the year. A. Fall Term. — English Grammar. Maxwell ' s Advanced Lessons in English Grammar is the text used. B. Winter Term. — English Grammar. Text the same as above. C. Spring Term. — Analysis. Kimball ' s Structure of the English Sentence is the text used. Course II. — Three hours throughout the year. A. Fall Term. — The fundamental principles of Rhetoric. Study of Figures of Speech. B. Winter Term. — Theme Writing, with Outline in Nar- ration and Description. C. Spring Term. — Theme Writing. Course 777. — Three hours throughout the year. In this course the aim is to make the student ' s work in Composition and his reading of the English Classics helpful to each other. A. Fall Term. — Scott Denny ' s Composition-Literature is the text used. Special practice in spelling. B. Winter Term. — Original work in Exposition and Ar- gumentation. Masterpieces. C. Spring Term. — Forms of English Poetry. Study of Masterpieces. Theme Writing. Spelling. Course IV. — Three hours throughout the year, which may be extended to five. A. Fall Term. — English Literature. From the beginning to the end of the Puritan Age. Special attention is paid to the study of Shakespeare; Julius Caesar, The Merchant of 22 ALBION COLLEGE Venice and Macbeth being the plays studied. The History of English Literature by Reuben Post Halleck is the text. B. Winter Term. — English Literature. Text as above. Periods studied, from the Restoration to the present time. Specimen masterpieces from representative authors are studied during this term. C. Spring Term. — American Literature. Abernethy ' s American Literature and Brander Matthew ' s An Introduction to American Literature are the texts used. Masterpieces. Note books are made throughout the year and the literary characteristics of each author under discussion clearly brought out. ENTRANCE REQUIREMENTS IN COLLEGE. The College entrance requirements in English are in accordance with the action of The Michigan Association of Colleges, at its meeting, May 25, 1895. The recommenda- tions are as follows : — 1. That the several colleges of the association in their entrance requirements in English conform to the recommen- dations of The English Conference of the Eastern and Mid- dle States, as given below. 2. Further, that in these requirements they seek to develop in the pupils of the secondary schools the power of extem- poraneous speaking. Note. — No candidate will be accepted in English for col- lege classification whose work is notably defective in point of spelling, punctuation, idiom or division into paragraphs. 1. Reading. — A certain number of books will be set for reading. The candidate will be required to present evidence of a general knowledge of the subject-matter and to answer simple questions on the lives of the authors. The form of the examination will usually be the writing of a paragraph or two on each of several topics, to be chosen by the candi- date from a considerable number — perhaps ten or fifteen — set before him in the examination paper. The treatment of these topics is designed to test the candidate ' s power of clear and accurate expression, and will call for only a general YEAR BOOK 23 knowledge of the substance of the books. In place of a part or the whole of this text, the candidate may present an exer- cise book, properly certified by his instructor, containing compositions or other written work done in connection with the reading of the books. The following requirements in English for admission to American colleges are observed: — (a) To be read, 1905-06: Coleridge ' s The Rime of the Ancient Mariner; George Eliot ' s Silas Marner; Irving ' s Life of Goldsmith ; Scott ' s Ivanhoe ; Scott ' s Lady of the Lake; Shakespeare ' s Macbeth; Shakespeare ' s Merchant of Venice; The Sir Roger de Coverley Papers; Tennyson ' s Idylls of the King; Gareth and Lynett, the Passing of Arthur, Launcelot and Elaine ; Lowell ' s Vision of Sir Laun- fal. (b) To be studied carefully, 1905-06: Burke ' s Speech on Conciliation with America; Macaulay ' s Life of Samuel John- son; Macaulay ' s Addison; Shakespeare ' s Julius Caesar; Milton ' s L ' Allegro, II Penseroso, Comus, Lycidas. GERMAN AND GERMAN LI TERATURE. Course I. — Five hours per week throughout the year. A. — Fall Term. Reading. — Haester ' s Deutsche Fibel (a three weeks ' thor- ough drill in letters and the most difficult combination of letters) and Gliick-Auf serve as the basis of the term ' s work. Every effort is made to lead the student to think in German. Expression. — The student, from the very first, is led to express himself in German. He learns to ask and answer questions in German. Great care is exercised to cause the student to acquire the German idiom. Writing. — A well-arranged series of copy-books is used. Nos. 1, 2 and 3 are completed in the Fall term. The student is required to use the German script in all his work. Construction. — The laboratory method is used, thus en- abling the student to study the structure of the language in 24 ALBION COLLEGE the concrete, a delightful change from the old method. Spanhoofd ' s Lehrbuch der Deutschen Sprache is used for drilling at home, but in the classroom only exercises especially prepared by the instructor are used. B. — Winter Term. Reading. — Continuation of Gliick-Auf. Writing. — During the Winter term, Nos. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 of the series of copy-books are completed. Construction. — Continuation of the work of the previous term. Conversation. — In addition to the German conversation used daily in the classroom, the classes are given the oppor- tunity one evening every other week, for one hour, in Ger- man conversation. German only is permitted to be used on these occasions. C. — Spring Term. Reading. — Lutz ' s German Reader. Construction. — Continuation of the work of the previous terms. Course II. — Four hours per week throughout the year. A. — Fall Term. Reading. — Easy German stories by modern German authors, Baumbach and others serve as the basis of the terras work. Conversation. — As far as practicable, all the class work is carried on in German. Great care is exercised to cause the student to express himself correctly. Construction.— Specially prepared exercises in language construction comprise the work of the term. B. — Winter Term. Continuation of the work of the previous term. Wilden- bruch ' s Das Edle Blut and Baumbach ' s Der Schwiegersohn serve as the basis for the term ' s work in reading and conver- sation. C. — Spring Term. Reading. — Schiller ' s Glocke, and Bernhardt ' s Novelletten Schatz, Vol. I, serve as the basis of the term ' s work. Special YEAR BOOK 25 attention is given to analyze the most complex German sen- tences. Conversation. — As far as practicable, all the classroom work is carried on in German. The student is encouraged to render, in German, extended synopses of the work of the previous day. Construction. — German composition, beginning with the simple sentence, expanding the same. The student must com- pose simple letters and essays. LATIN. Course I. — Five hours per week throughout the year. A. — Fall Term; B. — Winter Term; C. — Spring Term. An introductory book will be used, supplemented by selections from connected writings. In the first two terms the emphasis will be placed on forms and vocabulary, and in the third term on construction. Course II. — Five hours per week throughout the year. A. Fall Term. — The equivalent of four books of Caesar ' s Gallic War. B. Winter Term. — Sallust ' s Catiline. C. Spring Term. — Six orations of Cicero. There will be drill throughout the year in Latin Prose Composition, in sight reading, and in pronunciation, forms and syntax. Course III. — Five hours per week throughout the year. A. Fall Term. — Virgil ' s Aeneid. B. Winter Term. — Continuation of Virgil ' s Aeneid. C. Spring Term. — Completion of Virgil ' s Aeneid and reading of Cicero ' s essay, De Senectute. Drill in prose composition and in sight reading will be continued throughout the year. Especial attention will be given to poetics, an appreciation of Virgil ' s style and work, his place in literature, etc. There will be continued emphasis en all that will prepare for successful work in college Latin. 26 ALBION COLLEGE GREEK. Greek is one of the most beneficial of culture studies. While it is understood that a mastery of Greek gives abun- dant mental discipline, it must be admitted that a knowledge of the language is of value to any student, whether he specialize in the technical branches, or in history, literature or philosophy. A large percentage of the nomenclature in the professional branches is derived from the Greek language. At least one year of Latin should be completed before the student begins to study Greek. Course I. — Five hours per week throughout the year. A. — A study of forms and constructions. Translation and prose work. Text: White ' s First Greek Book. B. — Continuation of A. Special preparation for the study of Xenophon ' s Anabasis by vocabulary and construction study. C. — Reading from Xenophon ' s Anabasis, Book I. Collat- eral study in Greek grammar. Course II. — Five hours per week throughout the year. A. — Xenophon ' s Anabasis. Review of constructions. B. — Xenophon ' s Anabasis. Word study. C. — Homer ' s Iliad, Books I-III. A study is made of th e rhythm of the Greek Epic, the setting of the Iliad, and the peculiarities of the Epic dialect. MATHEMATICS. In this department, pre-eminently, must efficient work be based on thoroughness in fundamental principles and opera- tions. Accordingly, students are urged to make a careful preparation in Arithmetic and Algebra before attempting sub- sequent work. In almost all cases where the advanced Mathe- matics have been found difficult, it has been due to defects in the study of Algebra. On the other hand, comprehension and facility in this corner-stone of analytical reasoning very gen- erally lead to rapid advancement, clear understanding and a very satisfactory appreciation of the higher branches. Arithmetic is taught in connection with the Business De- partment. YEAR BOOK 27 Course I. — A, B and C. Beginning Algebra. Three hours per week throughout the year. A study of the Algebraic sym- bols, and of the fundamental operations, factoring, factor theorem, fractions and simple equations. Course II. — A, B and C. Third Preparatory Algebra. Two hours per week throughout the year. Simultaneous equa- tions, graphs, inequalities, involution, evolution, theory of exponents, radicals, and quadratic equations. Course III. — A, B and C. Plane Geometry. Three hours per week throughout the year. In Geometry the prominent aim is to develop logical reasoning power, clear conceptions and accurate language, to which end the benefits of this branch are well known. A large amount of original inventional work is performed, and due attention given to the practical applications of the subject. This course is intended to be taken with Course II. Course IV. — A, B and C. Fourth Preparatory Algebra. Two hours per week throughout the year. A study of simul- taneous quadratics, variables and limits, indeterminate equa- tions, ratio, proportion, progression, binomial theorem, unde- termined coefficients and logarithms. Course V. — Fourth Preparatory Geometry. Three hours per week throughout the year. A — Plane Geometry reviewed and completed. B. — Solid Geometry. A study of lines and planes in space and of polyhedrons. C. — Solid Geometry continued. A study of the cylinder, cone and sphere. PHYSIOLOGY. A course of five hours per week, during the fall term of the first year. An elementary course, not experimental, but illustrated by such dissections and exhibition of mounted specimens as may be necessary to make the subject real. PHYSICS. The course in Physics, in the last year of the preparatory course, will be a five hours ' course and will extend through- ALBION COLLEGE out the year. This course will consist of illustrated lectures, recitations and laboratory work. It must be preceded by a course in Algebra and one in Plane Geometry. HISTORY AND CIVICS. Course I. — United States History. Five hours per week throughout the Fall and Winter terms. McLaughlin ' s His- tory of the American Nation will be used as a text. Collat- eral reading will also be required; The main purpose of the course is the narrative histor} ' and the history of institution making. Course II. — General History. Four hours per week throughout the year. A. — Grecian History. A general study of the country, customs, manners and government of Greece. Text, Morey ' s History of Greece. B. — Roman History. A study especially designed to ac- quaint the student, in a general way, with the development of the Roman constitution. Text, Morey ' s Outlines of Roman History, and the Development of the Roman Constitution by Tighe. C. — Mediaeval History. Three hours per week during the Winter term. This course is intended to give the student a general knowledge of the Dark Ages. Text, Myers ' Mediae- val and Modern History. D. — Modern History. Three hours per week during the Spring term. Outline study of the Reformation in Germany and England; the Revolt of the Netherlands; the growth of absolute monarchy in France; the French Revolution, etc. Text, Myers ' Mediaeval and Modern History. Course III. — Civil Government. Five hours per week during the Spring term. Outline of national, state and local government, with especial reference to Michigan. Texts, Boynton ' s School Civics and McKone ' s Michigan State and Local Government. REQUIREMENTS FOR ADMISSION. The foregoing statement of the work of the Preparatory School presents the provisions made by the institution to fit for college. The larger field of preparation, however, is the High Schools. The Faculty of Albion College have long believed that the requirements for admission fb college should exhibit a high degree of flexibility. They have recognized the fact that the high school exists to meet local wants, and does its work best when it most fully meets such wants. For some years the Faculty of Albion College have been studying this ques- tion in the light of all the information they could obtain, with a careful scrutiny of the principles involved, and have reached the conclusion that the courses of study best adapted to the purposes of the high school may, and ought to be, accepted in preparation for college. We have tried the experiment and found it successful, of taking the student at the point up to which the best schools have educated him, giving him credit for all his work, in the line he has chosen. This practically throws college doors open to a large number of young per- sons who, under the old system, would be deprived of the ad- vantages provided in the higher institutions of learning. By this plan we do not admit at any lower point of scholarship, but make the lines of study in preparation more flexible, holding that it is training and culture that are needed, which can be secured through superior and adequate range of work, rather than by adherence to the old methods of following always a special line of studies. We have found that a large number of schools of twelve grades — in the quality and extent of work done — may be trusted to prepare for the Freshman year in college ; and that many of the schools of eleven grades may be relied upon to fit the pupil for the fourth or highest Sub-Collegiate year. 30 ALBION COLLEGE We accept, therefore, without examination of students, the work of the best high schools of twelve grades as prepara- tion for college. Under the same conditions we shall admit into our fourth Sub-Collegiate year from schools of eleven grades which are known to be doing satisfactory work. We advise students to pursue the same general line of work as that in which they have been prepared for college. No one class of work can arrogate to itself the term culture. Many lines of work lead to the same end if intelligently and faithfully pursued, and each brings its possessor power and success. This idea has now so far won acceptance that we present the following alternative requirements for admission. One hundred and eighty term-hours will be required for admission to the Freshman class. Of this the following sub- jects are required of all: — English, three years. Mathematics : Algebra, one and one-third years ; Geom- etry, Plane, Solid and Spherical, one year. Laboratory Science (Physics preferred), one year. Language (Latin, Greek, French or German), two years. The remainder of the work may be offered from among the following subjects, and to the extent indicated: — Latin, four years. Greek, two years. French, two years. German, three years. English and American Literature, one year. General History, one year. English History, one year. American History, one year. Botany, one year. Zoolog}% one year. Botany and Zoology combined, one year. Physics, one year. A term-hour is one hour per week through one term of twelve or thirteen weeks. YEAR BOOK 3 1 Chemistry, one year. Physiography, one year. Students who have prepared for college in any particular course will naturally pursue their work through College along corresponding lines. The regulations for admission contained in the preceding paragraphs apply to all schools which, a. Have been approved by us; or b. Have been approved by the Faculty of the University of Michigan; or c. Have supplied us with the evidence that, in extent, quality and completeness of work, the pupil has gained the scholarship and culture required to enter our classes. If the school has received formal approval according to (a) or (b) of this paragraph, we shall admit students directly on their diplomas and certificates. But if the school is not included in one of these classes, and it is desired to enter into relations with Albion College, the course or courses of study must be transmitted to us with such statements in regard to work done as are considered important. This will be preliminary to an adjustment of relations. To be admitted into the College without examination, the student, if coming from a school included in one of the classes (a) or ( ), will present his diploma or certificates, together with a letter from the Superintendent or Principal of the school, informing us that his work has been thoroughly done, that his habits are studious, and that he possesses capacity for genuine scholarship. On the strength of this, he may be im- mediately classified. If he comes from a school embraced in class (c), he must present his diploma or school certificates, with a letter from the Superintendent or Principal of the school, certifying to the earnestness and success of his school work. He will then be classified provisionally, according to the tenor of these documents, which classification will be made permanent after a few weeks ' successful study in the insti- tution. On account of the exceptional length and fulness of a few 32 ALBION COLLEGE of the high school courses, the graduate sometimes finds that he has covered more subjects and done more work than is required for entrance into the best colleges. Such a gradu- ate will be able to get advanced credit for some of the extra subjects thus taken, and to shorten his course in college, in some cases, by a third or even a half year. For this advanced credit, high school certificates will be accepted, save in the case of those subjects suited only to the latter stage in one ' s culture, such as Philosophy, Political Economy, Political Sci- ence, etc. The exact amount of credit to be given will in every case be determined by the head of the department interested. COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS. INTRODUCTORY STATEMENT. In harmony with the progressive movement of educational affairs, Albion College will confer the degree of Bachelor of Arts upon all persons who come to us with suitable prepara- tion and who complete in a satisfactory manner a sufficient number of courses to credit them with 180 hours of collegiate work. An hour of college work is understood to mean one hour of recitation or lecture work per week through one term. Graduates of accredited high schools will be admitted to our Collegiate department without examination, and, in addi- tion to our required work in English, will be permitted to enter any of our courses for which they are fitted, due regard being had to the necessary sequence of courses. Each Pro- fessor, in his own department, will prescribe the order in which his courses must be taken. Students of collegiate rank who fail in any study because of inadequate preparation will be allowed to make up their preparatory work in our Academic department, but such work will not be counted to their credit upon collegiate courses. DEPARTMENTS OF INSTRUCTION. ANCIENT LANGUAGES. LATIN. Course I. — Three hours per week throughout the year. Roman Social and Political Life. This course will con- sider the social and political side of Roman civilization. It will include connected readings from Roman historians and supplementary studies in Geography, Religion and Mythology and in the private and public life of the people. A. Fall Term. — Latin readings in legendary and authen- tic history from Livy. B. Winter Term. — Sallust ' s Jugurthine War. C. Spring Term. — Tacitus ' Germania. In this year ' s work there may be supplementary reading from English authors and from additional Latin authors. Course II. — One hour per week throughout the year. Re- quired of all students who take Course I ; open to others. A. Fall Term. — Greek and Roman Religion. B. Winter Term. — Roman Private Life. C. Spring Term. — Roman Public Life. Course III. — Three hours per week throughout the year. Roman Art and Artistic Literature. This course will con- sider the aesthetic side of Roman civilization. It will include readings from the Roman poets, and studies in Roman art. A. Fall Term. — Lyric Poetry, Horace and Catullus. B. Winter Term. — Satiric Poetry, Horace, Perseus, Juve- nal. C. Spring Term. — The Drama, Plautus and Terence. Course IV. — Three hours per week throughout the year. YEAR BOOK 35 Roman Philosophy. This course will consider the philo- sophic or reflective side of Roman civilization. The ethical schools of the Romans will be studied in relation to Greek philosophy on the one hand, and to Roman religion on the other. A. Fall Term. — Eclecticism, Cicero. B. Winter Term. — Epicureanism, Lucretius. C. Spring Term. — Stoicism, Seneca. Course V. — Two hours per week throughout the year. Supplementary Roman Literature. This course will con- sist of such of the courses named below as the class may elect. It offers several important phases of Roman life and litera- ture not included in the courses offered above. A. — Roman History and Biography, Tacitus, Suetonius, Paterculus. B. — Roman Rhetoric and Oratory, Cicero, Quintilian. C. — Roman Elegiac Poetry, Ovid, Tibullus, Propertius. D. — Roman Literary Criticism, Cicero, Horace, Quintilian. E. — Roman Epistolary Writings, Cicero, Pliny, Horace, etc. F. — Roman Literary Miscellanies, Epigram, etc., Martial, Aulus Gellius. G. — General Survey of Roman Literature, illustrated by short selections from many authors. H. — Latin Pedagogy. A study of Principles and Methods. Intended especially for students who expect to teach Latin. Includes advanced Latin prose composition illustrative of principles in syntax, and sight readings from Caesar, Nepos, Cicero, Virgil, Livy, etc. GREEK. Course III. — Four hours per term. A. — Odyssey. B. — Thucydides. C. — Aeschylus. Course IV. — Four hours per term. A. — Sophocles. 2 6 ALBION COLLEGE B. — Euripides. C— Plato. Course V. — Three hours per term. A.— Attic Orators. B.— Attic Drama. C. — Attic Comedy. Course VI. — Three hours per term. A. — Pansanias. Collateral reading upon the topography and mythology of Athens. B. — Neo-Hellenic. An introduction to the study of Mod- ern Greek, the course being based upon Thumb ' s Handbuch der neugriechisen Volkssprache. C. — Epigraphy. A study of early Greek alp habets and in- scriptions. Course VII. — Seminar. Special facilities are offered for students desiring to do advanced or graduate work. Courses will be arranged to meet the requirements of individual stu- dents. GERMAN. Course III. — Four hours per week during the Fall term. Given in 1905. Commercial German. — A course in practical German. This course is intended to acquaint the student with technical terms, forms, and correspondence of the German commercial world. Kutner ' s Commercial German will be used, supple- mented by brief talks. Damm ' s Wortfamilien. This work is largely conversational. No student eligible who has not taken Courses I and II, or their equivalent. Course IV. — Four hours per week during the Winter and Spring terms. Given in 1906. B. — Winter Term. Heine and the Romantic School. Heine ' s biography. Damm ' s Wortfamilien. German conversation. YEAR BOOK 37 C. — Spring Term. Journalistic German. German magazines, such as Die Gartenlaube or Die Woche, will be read. German conversa- tion. Damm ' s Wortfamilien. Course V. — Four hours per week throughout the Winter and Spring terms. Given in 1906. This course consists of a critical study of the works of Schiller. B. — Winter Term. Die Jungfrau von Orleans ; Maria Stuart ; Die Braut von Messina. Collateral readings on the life of Schiller. C. — Spring Term. Wilhelm Tell; Wallenstein (Wallenstein ' s Lager; Die Piccolomini ; Wallenstein ' s Tod) ; Geschichte des Dreissig- jahrigen Krieges. Note. — This class will be limited to twelve. No student admitted to this course who has not been approved by the in- structors. Course VI. — Four hours per week throughout the year. Given in 1906-07. A. — Fall Term. Goethe ' s works with biography. Lutz ' s German deriva- tives. B. — Winter Term. Selections from Freytag ' s Bilder aus der deutschen Ver- gangenheit ; Schoenfeld ' s Historical Prose ; Lessing ' s Lao- koon; German conversation. Lutz ' s German derivatives. C. — Spring Term. Contemporary writers. German conversation. Lutz ' s Ger- man derivatives. Course VII. — Two hours per week throughout the year. Given in 1905-06. A. — Fall Term. Discussion of methods of teaching German. History of German grammar ; Behaghel, Benner ; Kluge and Lutz ' s English Etymology. 38 ALBION COLLEGE B. — Winter Term. Review of Grammar. Teaching by the students. Kluge and Lutz ' s Etymology; Weise ' s Unsere Muttersprache ; Be- haghel, Benner. C. — Spring Term. In connection with Course VII, which is a normal course, the German school system will be taken up. Kluge and Lutz ' s Etymology; Behaghel, Benner, Paul. Course VIII. — Four hours per week during the Fall term. Given in 1905. Scientific German. — This course is designed to give the student a preparation sufficient to become at home in German scientific literature. The work done covers reading in physics, chemistry, mineralogy, biology, botany, etc. Note. — No student is eligible who has not taken Courses I and II, or their equivalent. Course IX.— One hour per week during the Winter and Spring terms. Given in 1906. German Daily Life. — A conversational course, supplement- ing the study of German. This course is intended to acquaint the student with the life, manners, and institutions of the peo- ple of Germany. Kron ' s German Daily Life serves as the basis of the work, supplemented by brief lectures (in Ger- man) by the instructor. Note. — This class is limited to sixteen in number. No student is eligible to this class except he has had at least one year of German; is regularly enrolled at that time in another class in German, and has been approved by the instructors of the department. YEAR BOOK 39 ROMANCE LANGUAGES. FRENCH. Course I. — Four hours per week throughout the year. A. Fall Term. — Pronunciation. Inflection of nouns and adjectives; pronouns; regular and irregular verbs; reading of easy prose. B. Winter Term. — Review of the work in Grammar done in the previous term. Translation from English into French. Easy French prose explained in French. C. Spring Term. — Translation from English into French. Continuation of Grammar. French conversation. Easy French prose and poetry. Course II. — Four hours per week throughout the year. A. Fall Term. — Practice in dictation. Written exercises in French. Resumes in French of French selections. French prose and poetry. B. Winter Term. — Practice in dictation continued. Study of idiomatic expressions with exercises embodying the idioms studied. C. Spring Term. — Historical French. Continuation of the work of the previous term. French readings. Course III. — Four hours per week throughout the year. A. Fall Term. — Literature of the seventeenth century. Duval ' s Histoire de la Litterature Franchise. B. Winter Term. — Continuation of the previous term ' s work with themes in French. C. Spring Term. — Continuation of A and B. Themes in French. French conversation. Course IV. — Four hours per week throughout the year. A. Fall Term. — Discussion of methods of teaching French suited to the needs of teachers in French. History of French Grammar. Contemporary Literature. B. Winter Term. — History of French Grammar continued. Review of the essentials of French Grammar. Text-books mostly in French and German. 40 ALBION COLLEGE C. Spring Term. — Conversation. Composition. Relation of French to Latin and English. Course V. — Two hours per week throughout the year. A. Fall Term. — French Daily Life. Common words and common phrases, good for students and travelers. B. Winter Term. — Classroom conversation. C. Spring Term. — Facts of Life. Home Life, the School, Traveling, Plants. Course VI. — Four hours per week throughout the year. A. Fall Term. — Literature of the eighteenth century. Es- says in French. Considerable reading. B. Winter Term. — Literature of the nineteenth century. Acquaintance with contemporary literature. C. Spring Term. — Nineteenth century literature. Collat- eral reading. SPANISH. Edgren ' s Grammar, Libro Primero de Lectura, Libro Segundo de Lectura, Aritmetica Elemental, Geografia Ele- mental, Libro Tercero de Lectura, Historia de los Estados Unidos, Aritmetica Practica. Attention will also be given to reading and speaking. The courses will meet four times a week throughout the year. A similar method will be pursued in the Italian courses. ITALIAN. Course I. A — Grandgent ' s Grammar and Composition. I Promessi Sposi. Fall term. Two hours. B. — Continuation of I, and selections from Boccaccio. Winter term. Two hours. C. — Selections from Ariosto, Boccaccio, Petrarca and Dante. Spring term. Two hours. ENGLISH LANGUAGE. Course I. — Three hours per week throughout the year. A. Fall Term. — Rhetoric and Composition. A study of the principles of Rhetoric, with practice in writing composi- YEAR COOK 41 tions. All candidates for admission to this course must take a preliminary examination in spelling and punctuation, and all who are found deficient will be required to make up these subjects before receiving credit for this course. Newcomer ' s Elements of Rhetoric is the text used. B. Winter Term. — A continuation of the Fall term ' s work, with a study of Figures of Speech. C. Spring Term. — Synonyms. A course in the study of synonymous words based on Smith ' s Synonyms Discrim- inated as a text. By vote of the faculty, two years of English are hereafter required for graduation, beginning with the class of 1909. The following is the course for the second year of required work : — Course II. — Advanced Composition. Three hours per week throughout the year. A. Fall Term. — Compositions with class criticisms two days a week; lectures and recitations on assigned reading the third. The object of this course is to perfect the student in the practice of the principles studied in Course I. The student will be expected to write accurately and easily on a wide variety of subjects. B. Winter Term. — The same as A. In addition, a study of editorial writing, the modern essay, literary critiques, the theory of the novel and the short story, the psychology of composition. C. Spring Term. — The work of terms A and B will be continued. In addition, a study of meter, versification and poetic diction will be given. Course II is open only to those who have completed Course I. Course III. — Two hours per week throughout the year. A, Fall Term, and B, Winter Term. — Prose Masterpieces. An inductive study of the masterpieces of English prose from Bacon to Emerson, with Clark ' s A Study of English Prose Masterpieces as a text. The purpose of the text is twofold: first, to give the student a general analytical survey of Eng- 42 ALBION COLLEGE lish prose, and second, to develop individuality in the style of each student. C. Spring Term. — Writing. This course is a practical complement to the work of terms A and B. Two compositions a week will be required, with special stress laid upon originality, freshness and free- dom from the conventional. Course III is open only to those who have completed Course I. Forensics. A course in debating. Weekly drill in speak- ing and in the drawing of briefs upon assigned topics. Two hours. Open only to those who have completed English I. ENGLISH LITERATURE. Course I. — Critical survey of English Literature. A. — History of early English Literature, including a study of Childe ' s Beowulf. Study of Chaucer ' s Canterbury Tales, with collateral reading in Langland and Wyclif. Brief study of Gower, Lydgate, Occleve, Hawes, Skelton, the most pop- ular mediaeval ballads and TotteFs Miscellany. Critical dis- cussion of Malory ' s Morte d ' Arthur, More ' s Utopia, and Lyly ' s Euphues. First term, four hours. B. — Edmund Spenser. The rise and development of the drama, with a study of dramatic law and technique, from the time of the Miracle Play. Second term, four hours. C. — Milton, Dryden, Pope and some of the lesser poets of the Jacobean, Caroline and Augustan periods. Bacon, Swift and Johnson. Third term, four hours. Course II. — Nineteenth Century Poetry. A. — The Romantic Movement. Influence of the French Revolution and German Transcendental Philosophy. Words- worth and Shelley. First term, three hours. B. — Keats and Byron. Second term, three hours. C. — Browning and Tennyson. Third term, three hours. Course III. — Nineteenth Century Prose. A.— Jeffries, Hunt, Christopher North, Hazlitt, Lamb and Landor. First term, three hours. YEAR BOOK 43 B. — Carlyle, Coleridge and Ruskin. Second term, three hours. C. — DeQuincey, Arnold and Pater. Third term, three hours. Courses II and III given alternate years. Course IV. A. — Theories of Literary Criticism. Study of the principles laid down by Plato, Aristotle, Addison, Lessing and contemporary views as seen in Arnold, Robert- son, Moulton, etc. First term, two hours. B. — Principles of Criticism applied to the study of the Epic, Lyric and Drama; the Novel, Essay and Romance. Second term, two hours. C. — Poetics. An investigation of the laws and art of verse-making. Third term, two hours. Course V. — Shakespeare. Careful reading of certain plays illustrating the development of his dramatic art. First term, three hours. Course VI. — Development of the Novel. From Fielding to Stevenson. Second and third terms, three hours. Required of candidates for State Teachers ' Certificates: Methods in English. Two hours. Seminar. — One hour throughout the year. ELOCUTION AND ORATORY. Oratory I. — A study of the principles of Elocution. Two hours per week throughout the year. A, B and C. — Especial emphasis is laid on the develop- ment of the voice for purity, variety and energy of tone. The course is designed to aid the student in overcoming manner- isms, to assist him in acquiring accuracy of pronunciation, clearness of enunciation and directness of address. Particular attention is paid to the oratorical style, as the aim of the course is to make good public speakers rather than public en- tertainers. 44 ALBION COLLEGE Oratory II. — A course in the study of oratorical composi- tion. Two hours per week throughout the year. A, B and C. — The student is required to read and analyze examples of standard English oratory and to work out the principles of oration writing. He is also required to write and pronounce at least one oration a term on assigned or on chosen topics. The members of the class are urged to avoid the standard prevalent in college oratorical efforts and to study the requirements of the broader style of oratory de- manded by every-day life. The recitation periods are di- vided equally between the study of the oration and drill in delivery. Open only to those who have completed Oratory I and English I. HISTORY, ECONOMICS, POLITICAL SCIENCE. HISTORY. Course I. — History of Europe. 1905-06. From dissolution of Roman Empire to the founding of the German Empire. A. Fall Term. — Three hours. From the beginning of the encroachment of the Teutons upon Rome to the breaking up of Charlemagne ' s Empire. Topical Study. Collateral reading. Lectures. B. Winter Term. — Three hours. From the Empire of Charlemagne to the Fall of Constantinople. Method same as A above. C. Spring Term. — Three hours. From the Fall of Con- stantinople to the Founding of the German Empire. Method same as A and B above. Course II. — History of Civilization. 1906-07. A. Fall Term. — Three hours. A review of the Elements of Civilization from a historical standpoint. Text-book and collateral reading. YEAR BOOK 45 B. Winter Term. — Three hours. Continuation of A above. Course III. — Europe in the Nineteenth Century. 1907. C. Spring Term. — Three hours. Growth of Democracy in England, Erance and Germany. Topical study. Lectures. Course IV. — American History. 1906-07. C. Spring Term. — Four hours. From discovery of Amer- ica to 1760. Topical study. Reading. Reports. A. Fall Term. — Four hours. From 1760 to 181 7. Special emphasis on development of Constitution. B. Winter Term. — Four hours. From 1817 to i860. De- velopment of the Constitution. Political and Social History. C. Spring Term. — Three hours. From i860 through Civil War and Reconstruction periods. Course V. — English History. 1905-06. A. Fall Term. — Four hours. From beginning of English History through the reign of Elizabeth. Particular attention paid to Constitutional and Economic history. Text-book. Reports. Lectures. B. Winter Term. — Four hours. From reign of James I to 1885. ECONOMICS AND SOCIOLOGY. Course I. — Political Economy. Fall term. Four hours. An introduction to all courses in Economics and Sociology. The object of the course is to acquaint the student with the nature of economic laws, the scope and method of the science, and the application of its principles to practical questions. Texts, Bullock ' s Introduction to the Study of Economics. Hadley ' s Economics. Course II. A. — Economic Problems. Fall term. Three hours. Capital, labor, railroads, trusts and combinations. Lectures and reports. Open only to those who have had Course I. B. Winter Term. — Two hours. Continuation of Course II. Course III. — Advanced Economics. 1907. B. Winter Term. — Three hours. A more thorough study of economic laws and principles. Marshall ' s Principles of 46 ALBION COLLEGE Economics, Clark ' s Distribution of Wealth. Open only to those who have taken Course I or its equivalent. C. Spring Term. — Three hours. Continuation of Course III. Course IV. — Taxation and Finance. Winter term. Four hours. 1906. The principles and methods of taxation and public expenditure. Open only to those who have had Course I or its equivalent. Course V. — Economic Seminar. One hour weekly through- out the year. This is a course offered to a limited number of students wishing to do special work in economics. Course VI. — History and Theory of Banking. Winter term. 1906. Two hours. This will include a study of the principles of money, credit and foreign exchange. Course VII. — Socialism. Spring term. Two hours. A study of socialistic theories of production and distribution. Open only to those who have had Course I or its equivalent. Course VIII. — General Sociology. Winter term. Four hours. 1907. A study of principles of human association, elementary social laws and forces. Fairbank ' s Introduction to Sociology and Gidding ' s Principles of Sociology. Course IX. — Practical Sociology. Spring term. Two hours. 1907. A study of crime and pauperism and their rela- tion to state action. Visits to county and state institutions. Text, Henderson ' s Dependents, Defectives and Delinquents, and Warner ' s American Charities. POLITICAL SCIENCE. Course I. — Civil Government. Three hours weekly in Spring term. Designed as an introduction to the courses in American History and Constitutional Law, to which courses this is a prerequisite. Course II. — Political Science and Constitutional Law. Four hours. Spring term. Text, Burgess, with references to Bluntschli, Willoughby, Wilson and others. Given in 1906. YEAR BOOK 47 Course III. — International Law. Four hours. Spring term. Principles and Practice of the Law of Nations. Law- rence — Principles of International Law. Given in 1907. MATHEMATICS. The object of this department is twofold, — to give mental discipline and to practically apply the principles to the differ- ent arts and sciences. Clear thinking and the expression of such thoughts in graphic form or by concise English are em- phasized; mechanical methods of obtaining results are avoided. Though many of the subjects offered are usually classed under Pure Mathematics, their practical application is given due prominence. The wisdom of this course will be easily seen when it is remembered that mathematical prin- ciples underlie the great mechanical enterprises of modern civilization. At the beginning of the Freshman year, a few days will be given to a review of the fundamental principles of Algebra, and those who show a marked deficiency therein will not be allowed to continue. Justice to the student as well as to the department requires this. Course I. — College Algebra, Plane and Spherical Trigo- nometry. A fundamental course for College Mathematics, Astronomy and Physics. Four hours per week throughout the year. A. — Theory of Quadratics, Graphs, Symmetry, Inequalities, Progressions, Logarithms, Limits, Series, Convergency and Divergency, Permutations and Combinations, Binomial Theo- rem, Identities and Undetermined Coefficients. Fall term. B. — An elementary development of both Plane and Spher- ical Trigonometry, consisting of the ordinary formulae and their use in the solution of triangles, right and oblique, plane and spherical ; exercises in analytical reductions. Winter term. 4© ALBION COLLEGE C. — A continuation of the work of first and second terms. Summation of Series, Interpolation. An elementary study of the Theory of Equations, giving the properties of the gen- eral equation with graphical method; solution of numerical equations by Sturm ' s Theorem and Horner ' s Method ; Car- dan ' s Solution of the Cubic; Trigonometric Algebra, in- cluding Equations ; De Moivre ' s Theorem, convergency of a few trigonometric series and application in computing trigo- nometric tables. Spring term. Course II. — Plane Analytic Geometry. Four hours. Fall term. Prerequisite, Course I. The Cartesian and Polar co-ordi- nates of point, line, circle, parabola, ellipse and hyperbola; the general quadratic equation; problems in Loci. Course III. — Differential and Integral Calculus. Four hours per week. Winter and Spring terms. Prerequisites, Courses I and II. Both derivatives and dif- ferentials are used. Integration is taken up before Differen- tiation is completed. In addition to the conic sections, some of the higher plane curves are studied. An early application of Calculus is a feature of the work. Course IV. — Plane Surveying. Four hours. Fall term. Prerequisite, Course I. Use of compass, transit, level ; land surveying, leveling, topographical work, laying out roads, streets and railroad curves. Course V. — Geometrical Conies. Two hours. Winter term. Prerequisite, admission requirements to Freshman class in Algebra and Geometry. Recommended to be taken before Course II. A course on the Parabola, Ellipse and Hyperbola as Loci and as Conic sections, from the standpoint of Ele- mentary Geometry. Advanced Mathematics. — Each term a course (usually of four hours) will be offered from some one of the following. Prerequisites in all cases, Course I; and in many cases, Courses I, II and III. Differential and Integral Calculus. Continuation of Course III. YEAR BOOK 49 Determinants. Theory of Equations. Higher Trigonometry. Higher Algebra. History of Mathematics. Differential Equations. Analytic Mechanics. Analytic Geometry of two dimensions. Analytic Geometry of three dimensions. Differential Calculus. Integral Calculus. Descriptive Geometry. Projective Geometry. Surveying. Further information will be furnished on application. ASTRONOMY. This department is necessarily closely allied with that of Mathematics. A clear idea of Spherical Geometry is needed even in an elementary course, and Spherical Trigonometry is used more and more as one advances. The aim will be to use enough of the wealth of astronomical mythology, biography and history to make this science highly interesting. Course I. — Descriptive Astronomy. Four hours. Spring term. Prerequisites, admission requirements to Freshman class in Algebra and Geometry, and High School Physics. An elementary course whose purpose is to give the student a conception of the solar system and stellar heavens. Atten- tion will be paid to the constellations and current celestial phenomena. Observations with the naked eye and equatorial telescope. Course II. — General Astronomy. Four hours per week. Fall and Winter terms. 50 ALBION COLLEGE Prerequisites, Physics and Course I of Mathematics. Based on Young ' s Revised Edition. Supplemental work in History of Astronomy, star charting, use of Nautical Almanac, calculation of suitable problems. Special attention paid to observations with equatorial and naked eye. Course III. — Number of hours to be agreed upon. Spring term. Prerequisite, Course II. Actual work by the student with all the instruments of the Observatory; calculation and de- termination of instrumental errors. Some mathematical theory will be developed from such works as Campbell, Doolittle and Chauvenet. PHYSICS. Course I. — Mechanics. Five hours. First term. Recita- tions, illustrated lectures and laboratory work. Course II. — Sound. Five hours. Second term. Recita- tions, illustrated lectures and laboratory work. Course III. — Light. Five hours. Third term. Recita- tions, illustrated lectures and laboratory work. Course IV. — Magnetism and Electricity. Four hours. First term. Recitations and illustrated lectures. This course constitutes a general introduction to the field of magnetism and electricity. Course V.— Heat. Four hours. Second term. Recita- tions, illustrated lectures and laboratory work. Course VI.— Electrical Measurements I. Four hours. Sec- ond term. Laboratory work, recitations and lectures. This course is primarily a laboratory course in the measurement of electrical quantities, and must be preceded by Course IV. Cal- culus methods will also be employed. Course VII.— Electrical Measurements II. Four hours. Third term. This course is a continuation of Course VI. Course VIII.— The Theory of Sound. Three hours. First YEAR BOOK 5 1 term. Lectures and recitations. Calculus methods will be employed in this course and also in Courses IX and X, which must be preceded by this course. Course IX. — Oscillatory Phenomena. Three hours. Sec- ond term. Lectures and recitations. Course X. — The Theory of Light. Three hours. Third term. Study of Preston ' s Theory of Light. Course XL — Physical Technics. Two hours each term. This course, consisting of practical work in selecting, testing, repairing and making apparatus, will be open to election by only such students as are sufficiently advanced in their work in College Physics. LABORATORY FEES. Laboratory fees, to cover cost of materials used, will be as follows : — Courses I, II, III and V, each $0.75 Courses VI and VII, each 1 .25 The above fees do not cover breakage of apparatus. CLASSIFICATION OF COURSES WITH REGARD TO FUTURE WORK OF STUDENTS. Students who expect to take a course in medicine or phar- macy should complete Courses I-V, inclusive; those who are planning to study civil, mechanical, chemical, naval or elec- trical engineering, will find Courses I-VII, inclusive, applicable to their future work; those who desire to secure positions as special teachers of physics, or of physics combined with other sciences, should complete, at least, Courses I-VI, inclusive, and Course XL CORRELATED PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY. Course I. — Mineralogy, descriptive and determinative. Laboratory work two hours per day, four days of the week. Third term. About forty typical, naturally occurring minerals are studied by means of both physical and chemical tests. This is an informational course, corresponding to and supple- menting the general courses in Botany and Zoology. This 52 ALBION COLLEGE course must follow Course III, but may be taken with Course IV of Chemistry; it must follow Courses I and II, and may be taken with Course III of Physics. Course II. — Batteries. Four hours. First term. Two double periods for laboratory work, and two hours for recita- tions and lectures. The object of this course is to give the student a thorough knowledge of the theory and of the prin- ciples involved in the construction and operation of primary batteries. Prerequisites, Courses I and III in Chemistry, and Courses I and IV in Physics. Course III. — Electrolysis. Two hours. Second term. This course includes a study of the principles of electrolysis, the measurement of current, the theory of ions, and the appli- cation of these principles to the quantitative determination of the metals. Prerequisites, Courses IV and V in Chemistry ; Course II in Correlated Physics and Chemistry. Course IV. — Electrolysis. Two hours. Third term. This is a continuation of Course III. CHEMISTRY. Primarily, it should be said that Chemistry is taught in Albion College for the purpose of making an important con- tribution to the general culture of the student, for want of which that culture would be imperfect and unbalanced. That the study of Chemistry produces a discipline of mind fully comparable with that reached through any other subject in the curriculum is conceded by all. In addition to this, the study is broadly informational and brings the thought of the student into intimate and practical relations with many of the leading commercial activities of the age. Still further, the course s offered in the McMillan Chemical Laboratory prepare those students who take the advanced courses for actively engaging as chemists for manufacturing concerns. The laboratory has sent out graduates into numer- YEAR BOOK 53 ous lines of chemical work. As an example of this, it may he stated that a majority of the Portland cement mills of Michigan and the adjoining States have for their chief chem- ists those who have had their preparation in the McMillan Laboratory. Others are engaged as manufacturing chemists in various lines : paint-making, pharmaceutical preparations, pure-food products, chemical engineering, assaying, the manu- facturing of illuminating gas, etc. Well-trained and capable chemists are in good demand, and oftentimes the laboratory is unable to meet the demand for such trained labor. The laboratory also sends out many successful teachers of chemistry to our leading schools and colleges. Course I. — Chemistry of the Non-Metals. Five hours. For students who have had no preparatory work in Chemistry. First term. Course II. — Advanced Chemistry of the Non-Metals. Five hours. For students who have had preparatory Chemistry. First term. Courses I and II may be merged into one class at the option of the instructor. Course III. — Chemistry of the Metals and Qualitative Chemistry. Laboratory practice two hours each day, four days of the week. Second term. Course IV. — Advanced Qualitative Chemical Analysis, with special reference to the study of oxidation and reduc- tion. Four hours. Third term. Laboratory work as re- quired. Course V. — Quantitative Chemistry. Laboratory work fifteen hours per week. First term. This course may be taken by any student who has completed Course III. Course VI. — Quantitative Chemistry : a continuation of Course V. Second term. Five double hours. Course VII. — Chemical Engineering. The chemistry of Portland cement, including the study of the raw materials ; the manufacture, composition and testing of the finished product. Second term. Three hours per day, five days per week. Students entering this course must have had Courses 54 ALBION COLLEGE IV and V. This course may be continued through the third term. Course VIII. — Chemical Engineering. The chemistry of illuminating gas, including the analysis of coal, gas and the by-products; the structure and management of a gas plant. Prerequisites, Courses IV and V. Course IX. — Organic Chemistry. The study of the text, with lectures, three days per week. Laboratory work in Syn- thetical Preparations, four hours per week. Second term. This course may be taken by students who have completed Course III. Course X. — This is Course IX continued through the third term. For the purpose of completing a minor in Organic Chemistry, two hours additional of Synthetic work may be taken. Course XI. — Water Analysis. Four hours. Second term. Must be preceded by Course VI. Course XII. — Provision will be made for special students in any kind of chemical investigation. Students expecting to teach will be given work to prepare them in chemical manipula- tion, the care and management of a laboratory, etc. CLASSIFICATION OF COURSES. It will be seen that after Courses I, II, III and V have been completed, the work in Chemistry may divide into two lines, depending on the prospective future work of the student. For Mechanical, Mining or Civil Engineering, Courses IV, VI, VII, VIII, IX and XII may be taken. For Medicine or Pharmacy, Courses X, XI and XII may be included, and VI and VII omitted. Courses V, X and XI, inclusive, may form a Minor Elec- tive course; Courses V, VI and VII another; Courses V, VI, VII, VIII and IX may form a Major Elective course. Students doing meritorious work in the above courses readily receive advance credit for them in the leading Uni- versities and Medical Colleges. Sanitary Science. — Lectures and research work three days each week. Third term. YEAR BOOK 55 In the following table, the courses offered in the depart- ments of Physics and Chemistry are shown in the order of their sequence, and also the relation in time which should be observed in taking the work. Any deviation from this order must have the approval of the heads of the departments. 3 PHYSICS. CORRELATED PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY. CHEMISTRY. I I Mechanics.. 5 I and II General Chemistry 5 2 II Sound 5 III Qualitative Analysis 5 3 III Light 5 I Mineralogy. 4 IV Advanced Qual. Analysis — 4 PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING. MEDICAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY. 1 IV Magnetism and Elec- tricity 4 V Quantitative Chemistry.. 5 2 V Heat 4 VIQuantita- tive Chem. 5 or VII Cement Chem.... 5 IX Organic Chem 5 3 VIII Gas An- alysis.... 4 X Organic Chem 5 1 II Batteries .. 4 XI Sanitary Water An- alysis 4 2 VI Electrical Measure- ments 1.. 4 III Electroly- sis I 2 XI Technical Water Analysis. 4 3 VII Electrical Measure- ments II. 4 IV Electroly- sis II 2 XIII Ultimate Or iginal Analysis. ■ VIIITheory of Sound 3 2 IX Oscillatory Phenom- ena 3 3 X Theory of Light 3 56 ALBION COLLEGE BIOLOGY. Course I. — Zoology. Twelve hours. Three double hours weekly are spent in the laboratory in the study of types repre- senting nearly all of the more important classes of the animal kingdom. The laboratory work is accompanied by two lec- tures or quizzes each week, roughly parallel to the laboratory work, on the comparative anatomy and classification of ani- mals. A. — Protozoa, Porifera, Ccelentera, Echinoderma. Four hours. Fall term. B. — Worms, Molluscs, Arthropods. Four hours. Winter term. C. — Vertebrates. Four hours. Spring term. Course II. — Botany. Nine hours. One hour lecture or quiz and two double hours in the laboratory weekly. Not given in 1905-06; given in 1906-07. A. — The plant as a whole. The seed. Root and shoot, in- cluding leaves and buds. Fall term. Three hours. B. — Structure, gross and minute, simple and modified. Winter term. Three hours. C. — Systematic Botany and Oecology. Spring term. Three hours. A considerable part of this term ' s work will be in the field. Course III. — Embryology. Nine hours. A laboratory course of three double hours per week during the year. Chief stress will be laid upon Vertebrates, which will be studied comparatively, bringing out the general principles governing their development. Given in 1905-06, but not in 1906-07. Course IV. — Advanced Zoology. Nine hours. Acquaint- ance with the general facts of Zoology will be assumed and the time will be devoted to the philosophy of Zoology and to the discussion of leading biological questions. Text-book, Thomson ' s Outlines of Zoology, lectures and seminar work. A. — General survey. Nature of protoplasm. The cell. Animal and plant. Heredity. Sex. Fall term. Three hours. B. — Continuation of above. Protozoa. Origin of Metozoa. YEAR BOOK 57 Ccelentera. Cursory examination of other invertebrate types. Winter term. Three hours. C. — Vertebrates. Spring term. Three hours. Course V. — Laboratory Methods and Microscopical Tech- nique. Nine hours. Two double hours in the laboratory and one or two lectures or quizzes each week. This course is especially designed for those that expect to teach the natural sciences, or to pursue the study of medicine. Not given in 1905-06; given in 1906-07. A. — The microscope and microscopical methods. Care and repair of instruments. Testing and proper use of the same. Fall term. Three hours. B. — Methods of killing, fixing and preserving. Section cut- ting and mounting. Winter term. Three hours. C. — Field work. Fauna and flora. General care of a lab- oratory. Spring term. Three hours. Course VI. — Origins. A critical study of the theories of Development and Heredity and of the Foundations of Belief. Winter term. One hour. A normal course of one hour in Methods in Observation and Nature work will be given in the Spring term. Students who intend to specialize in Biology will be en- couraged to pursue it further. Courses will be arranged for them as may be necessary, and all possible facilities will be offered in the prosecution of this work. The College has a large supply of material on hand for this purpose, and the surrounding country affords many problems of great interest. A Biological Club has been organized, which takes up work not otherwise provided for. Since its organization it has endeavored to keep abreast of the current literature of Biology, and has afforded fuller and freer opportunity for the discussion of biological problems than the general classroom. The number of members in the club is limited to eight and membership is attainable through election by the club, upon recommendation of the professor of Biology. 5 ALBION COLLEGE PHOTOGRAPHY. The theory, processes and applications of Photography, with especial reference to (a) its utilization as an aid to the teacher; ( ), artistic photography. Spring term. Three hours. Not given in 1905-06. GEOLOGY. Prerequisites, Physics, Chemistry and Zoology. A study of the changes at present going on upon the earth; their causes and the records they have left in the rocks; the development of existing surface configurations; the changes in past conditions of physical geography and their consequent reaction upon life systems. Especial attention is given to the development of the North American continent, and to the geological history of Michigan. Three hours each term throughout the year. Given in 1905-06, but not in 1906-07. PHILOSOPHY. Course I. — Psychology. Four hours. Fall term. This is a course in general Psychology. It treats especially of the senses, intellect, feelings and will. Course II. — Logic. Four hours. Winter term. A course in Formal Logic is presented by means of text-books, lecture and discussion. The aim is thoroughly to acquaint the stu- dent with the various laws and forms of syllogism and with the methods of detecting logical fallacies. The second part of the term is devoted to Inductive Logic, and treats of in- ference, induction, hypotheses, analogy, probability, chance, etc. Course III. — Ethics. Four hours. Spring term. The course includes an application of ultimate Ethical principles to YEAR BOOK 59 the ordinary conditions of daily life, both for the individual and for the State. Special attention is given to the views held by Spencer, Green, Martineau, Huxley, Hoffding. Course IV. — Metaphysics. Four hours. This course is a systematic and critical study of the science of first principles. Text-book, Bowne. Course V. — Theism. Bowne. Four hours. Course VI. — History of Modern Philosophy. A consid- eration of the characteristic doctrines of Descartes, Spinoza, Locke, Berkeley, Leibnitz, Hume, Reid, Kant, Hegel, Ham- ilton and the Mills, and the current forms of Sensationalism, Idealism, Skepticism, Mysticism. Course VII. — Applied Psychology. Four hours. Fall term. This is required in the Normal course, but is elective for a degree. Text-book, McLellan. Essay and discussions with reviews or leading pedagogical works. All Normal students visit public schools to study methods of teaching. PEDAGOGY. The course of study in this department has been approved by the State Board of Education, and students completing it are entitled to the College Teachers ' State Certificate provided for by Act 136, Laws of 1893. History of Pedagogy. First term. Four hours. Reading of the educational classics and study of the actual conditions from ancient to modern times. Emphasis is laid upon the development of the educational ideal, and the contributions and influence of various periods, countries and men are dis- cussed. The course consists of lectures and reports, and as text-books, Laurie, Painter and Compayre are used. In ad- dition, a critical discussion, necessitating at least thirty hours of research work, is required of each student. Applied Psychology. First term. Four hours. An appli- cation of the principles of psychology to the practical work of teaching. Prerequisite, Course I in Psychology. 60 ALBION COLLEGE Comparison of American and Foreign School Systems. Third term. Two hours. The comparative feature is empha- sized in this work. No attempt is made to treat the countries studied in an absolute way, but continual effort is used to draw such comparisons that the weak points in our domestic system may be made apparent, and that possible remedies may be discovered. The systems of Germany, France and England offer the best fields and occupy the major portion of the work ; but by means of reports, the student is familiarized with the systems of all the important countries of the world. No one text-book is used, but constant reference is made to the Library. Lectures and reports. School Management. Second term. Two hours. This course will include a survey of Michigan School Law, and will also be concerned with the care of the schoolroom. Special attention will be given to those preparing to be superin- tendents. Lectures will be based upon White and Tompkins. NORMAL METHODS IN SPECIAL BRANCHES. (a) Methods in English. First term. Two hours. (b) Methods in Physiology and Geography. Third term. Two hours. (c) Methods in Nature Study. Third term. One hour. A brief course in methods and principles. (d) Methods in Physics. Second or Third term. Two hours. (e) Methods in History. Third term. Two hours. ( ) Latin Pedagogy. Each term. Two hours. (g) Normal German. Two hours each term throughout the year. (h) Physical Technics. Two hours per term throughout the year. (■ ) Methods in Biology. Three hours per term through- out the year. YEAR BOOK 6 I The above courses are offered in the various departments. It should be understood, however, that of the above, seven- teen hours have been adopted by the State Board of Education as the official course that is required of all candidates for the State Certificate. This course includes the following: Ap- plied Psychology, 4 hours ; History of Education, 4 hours ; Educational Systems, 2 hours ; Methods in English, 2 hours ; Methods in Physiology and Geography, 2 hours ; School Law and Organization, 2 hours ; Methods in Nature Study, 1 hour. THE ENGLISH BIBLE. Each course is continuous throughout the year (except as otherwise indicated), and can be begun only in the first term of the course. The figures indicate the number of hours per term. The course in Biblical Greek is open to students who have had two years of Classical Greek. The following courses will be offered in 1905-06: — Course I. — Biblical Masterpieces. Two hours. The study of the Bible is taken up from the litera ry point of view. Course II. — Greek Testament. Two hours. Special atten- tion will be given to grammatical and lexical details of Hellenistic Greek. Text-books : Robinson ' s Greek Harmony of the Gospels, Westcott and Hort ' s Greek New Testament, Thayer ' s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament, New Testament Grammar (Blass). Collateral work will be as- signed in special introduction. Course III. — Messianic Literature. One hour. The course involves a critical study of the evolution of Messianism as it appears in both canonical and non-canonical sources. Course IV. — English Bible Seminar. One hour. Oppor- tunity is afforded in the Seminar for original research and critical study of important topics. Reports and theses will be presented for discussion and criticism. 62 ALBION COLLEGE Course V. — Historical Geography of the Holy Land. Three hours. Fall term. Stewart ' s Land of Israel will form the basis of the course. Collateral reading, a series of illus- trated lectures, and a study of the raised map of Palestine will supplement the text-book work. Course VI. — Evidences of Christianity. Three hours. Winter term. Text, Fisher ' s Grounds of Theistic and Chris- tian Belief. Course VII. — Social Teachings of Jesus. Three hours. Winter term. The study of this topic is based upon Pea- body ' s Jesus Christ and the Social Question, which is sup- plemented by research and collateral reading. Course VIII. — Biblical Hermeneutics. Three hours. Spring term. Text, Terry ' s Biblical Hermeneutics. Through the generosity of the Alumni Association of Albion College, a large number of valuable books has been presented to the department of the English Bible, thus afford- ing special facilities for reading and research in connection with all the above courses. GROUPING OF ELECTIVE WORK. While the Faculty of Albion College approve strongly of the elective system, it has seemed wise to somewhat restrict elections until the student has come fully in touch with his surroundings and has gained some maturity of mind. Fresh- men and Sophomores are therefore required to make their election according to the following plan : — FRESHMEN. English I is required of all Freshmen. f L atm [ Mathematics | HsKSQiral Oeek ' Biology I GROUP A Q e a r S Ureek GROUP B j Chemistry French I sics l. [ Civics Both groups (A and B) must be represented in the sched- ule of each Freshman student. YEAR BOOK 63 SOPHOMORES. The choice of studies for Sophomores is restricted to the following subjects : — English II is required of all Sophomores, beginning with the class of 1909. Latin Greek French German GROUP A English II Forensics English Bible ( 1 st year ' s work) „ Oratory At least six hours from each group (A and B) must be represented in the schedule of every Sophomore student. Mathematics Botany Biology I GROUP B j Adv. Zoology European Hist. Physics Chemistry COLLEGE WORK TABULATED. Dates in parentheses indicate when courses not offered in 1905-06 will be given. TERMS 12 3 Roman Social and Political Life Mythology and Religion, Public and Private Life 3 3 3 111 Latin. Roman Art and Artistic Literature Roman Philosophy 3 3 3 3 3 3 222 Supplementary Roman Literature Odyssey; Thucydides; Aeschylus 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 1 1 Sophocles; Euripides; Plato Greek. Attic Orators; Drama; Comedy Pausanias; Neo-Hellenic; Epigraphy Seminar German: Commercial German 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 Schiller Goethe; Freytag; ScLoenfeld; Lessing; Con- temporary Writers (1906-7) Normal German German Daily Life Modern Scientific German 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 2 2 2 Languages. French: Course I Course II Course III Course IV Course VI Spanish Italian Rhetoric and Composition 3 3 3 Synonyms English Language Advanced Composition Prose Masterpieces; Writing 3 3 3 Forensics 222 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 Nineteenth Century Poetry (1906-7) Nineteenth Century Prose English Literature. Poetics Shakespeare 3 3 3 English Seminar 111 Principles of Elocution 222 Oratory. Oratorical Composition 222 History of Europe.. 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 History. Europe in the Nineteenth Century (1907) English History 4 3 2 3 3 4 2 ill Economics and Sociology. Advanced Economics (1907) Taxation and Finance Banking and Credit — 2 4 . . 2 Political Science Mathematics Astronomy. Physics. Civil Government Political Science and Constitutional Law International Law (1907) ■ Algebra and Trigonometry Plane Analytic Geometry Differential and Integral Calculus Plane Surveying Geometrical Conies Advanced Mathematics (course to be deter- mined) Descriptive Astronomy . General Astronomy Practical Astronomy — Mechanics. Sound , Light Magnetism and Electricity.. Heat Electrical Measurements I. Electrical Measurements II. Theory of Sound Oscillatory Phenomena Theory of Light Physical Technics Correlated Physics and Chemistry. Mineralogy. Batteries Electrolysis I. Electrolysis II. Chemistry. Non-Metals Metals and Qualitative Analysis. Advanced Qualitative Analysis . . . Quantitative Chemistry Cement Chemistry Organic Chemistry Gas Analysis Sanitary Water Analysis Technical Water Analysis Ultimate Organic Analysis Sanitary Science Biology. Philosophy. Normal. Zoology Botany (1906-7) Embryology Advanced Zoology Laboratory Methods and Technique (1906-7)- Origins Nature Study . . . Geology Psychology Logic Ethics Metaphysics Theism History of Modern Philosophy. Applied Psychology Applied Psychology. History of Education French and German Educational Systems. School Law and Management Methods in Physiology, etc Methods in English Nature Study. English Bible. Biblical Masterpieces Greek Testament Messianic Literature English Bible Seminar. . . Historical Geography Evidences of Christianity. Social Teachings of Jesus . Biblical Hermeneutics Schedule oi Recitations For 1905=1906. Figures refer to the days of the week: 1, Monday; 2, Tuesday; 3, Wednesday; 4, Thursday; 5, Friday. a s 5 c 5 5 3 ry and iphy of stine 4,6 m V rt JJ cm lal i l« B s3 Histo Geogri Pale 2, 3vh 2 (A b •1 .. 1 • ■ si CA C o 2 •1 M |3 3 a ;= on KoeT o O {75 HI 3 M c W 8 °  o u „ Ch u O is S °o o . oso N . be o - ?5 w o w 5 5 J3 = w m ]o b ■o 15 © JS   3 fl o o 8 s « 3SC c - cm -c o v e rL« w FJSrt h O.C 5 g Srtgrt MM rt £  -r o o IS 1 • G eneral Chemistry 1, 2, 3, 4 «t 5 C 4) rt — 3U 3 1 a Adv. Math. 1,2,3,4 3d Prep. Geom. 1,3,6 3d Prep. Alg. 2,4 5 Z? 3 hi) o % E c Oj o  — a- c £©f w Begin. Algeb 1. 3, 5 Anal. Geomet 1,3,4,6 mo 4th Prep. Geoi 1,3,5 4th Prep. Al 2,4 5 i-iiO ■ o UJO - eo £ - e W English I 1, 3, 5 19th Cent. Pros 1,4,5 2d Prep, Eng, 1,3,4,6 3 w English II 1,2,4 Shakespeare 1, 3,5 Seminar 4 Crit. Theor. 1,3 Forensics 2,4 1st Prep. Eng 1. 2. 3, 4, 5 Oratory I 1,3 Oratory II 2, 4 ' G ■ rt — .- ® S ►hO hio m a F o U«n 2lO German 1, 2, 3. 4, Spanish 2, 3, 4, 5 is 1= 2 08 -J 2,3,4, Com men Germa 2, 3, 4, German 1,2.3. French 1, 2, 3, | o C J . si - J2 3 w 10 15 o JU o j m • • C . 3« a ffl . 3 3 a £ 3(M P3N OQ « c 3- is §be7 ■a rt ■ c c ' Z ° n o . rt U 3 3 . 3 09 . S ef yof a S o o  .c a e O.OJ O OiO bCH9 to o O « ti 3SC •008 — O ■Si? a 5 - ft 3 ii5 8 s 1 S [ z a 5 [ J5 i t oo -• d a - 1 ™ M — a b Q K y a M « . u C 3 - •J 2_, ' olSco 2 J c-, o3 u — u co.£ — .a cCQ UJ c 3 g 73« S s M  si . £ = 33co ho c C©f l3r 33 eo ' If CO c g x ° 3  -t W bjOr-T ffl H« K« ««■? 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M 1 :L 4; ' 5 SB S ©V2 3 Sef g Sef vB 6 of III X. w 3 3 EC CO i II III 55  9 w e Ceo o| rf o O 3 ' o f Pn of to of 53 eo O M g2 c V _ 43 CO U M o bjo lO 5 lO „ o b SS i CS ' 3 eo X eo g w O « jg N g Zc 5? U) 2 M fl n Is °ef .C -C J f Oh to j of j of M M of J3 of co a) IS 5 W £8 s w Oh u S 6 s M Mathematics Astronomy 2 gs « T3 eo 3e o g R u pa |of i tJ 3 gift u ■5 4h jSQ .2 «3 ; V a? n d  £ r O CO • „ O £ w - ts rt o a .C lO lOQ r. two - 5 - eo ° u A w -S S5 5 h .ceo c „u. OJ iH i 5© c ,_l ba M - W T3 CrlQHfi , 13 T3 fc g eo S C 1 Vl Q CO cu rt 1 1 B .§rf U OQ l- - c g 4 TO = t ) r of geo G uo i Q« - (3 -to o? g of g eo g -J S5 1 w eo f - .So ' o - « .SPefS - c g « Ifi C u «o c tA l 3 ' ' So T3- 1 Jrf G 03 -1 .00 .5 of Sef of 5rf -C th a, Cfi ffl % -C  ° ™ Bui Is H SS rH ! . 2 «? OT3 73 2 c uw 1 § © s C5 1 s i % S eo 0 J § ■ GRADUATION. The degree of Bachelor of Arts will be conferred upon all persons regularly admitted to the Collegiate department who complete, in accordance with our requirements, the prescribed number of courses. Bachelor of Music is conferred on all who complete the course in English and in Music. Bachelor of Painting is conferred on all who complete the course in English and in Painting. MASTER ' S DEGREE. The Master ' s degree is not an honorary one and is no longer given in course. It is intended to testify to the recipi- ent ' s actual and ascertained progress in some special lines of post-graduate study. The Master ' s degree will be granted to persons who already have received the Bachelor ' s degree and who finish in a satis- factory manner a course of resident, advanced study in Albion College, for a period of at least one year after graduating. The degree may also be granted, under similar conditions, to those spending two years in resident study in a non-pro- fessional department of another college, or three years in non- professional study in absentia. The work to be done in the two cases last named must, however, be equivalent in the aggregate to that required of resident graduate students. A Major and two Minor lines of work must be prosecuted, one-half of the total amount of work being upon the Major course. The course of study will be under the direction of the committee on Graduate Instruction, acting with the heads of the departments in which the candidates desire to study. Candidates will be required to present a thesis, and pass a satisfactory examination, either oral or written. YEAR BOOK 7 1 Bachelors of other colleges of satisfactory grade of scholar- ship may receive the Masters degree after one year ' s resident study under the conditions above specified. In all cases where the work to be done embraces original investigation and research, the candidate may be required also to present exhibits showing the results of such work. Theses and exhibits must be submitted to the committee before the first day of May, and candidates must present themselves for examination during the two weeks prior to Commencement week. The examinations will be public. The fee for the degree will be ten dollars. DIPLOMAS. A graduating diploma is given to the student completing a course of music in the Conservatory. A graduating diploma is granted to each student completing a full course in the Theory and Art of Painting. A diploma is granted to each student completing either the general business course or the shorthand and typewriting course in the commercial department. The above degrees or graduating diplomas are granted only on satisfactory examination and payment of the regular fee, and the name of no student will be presented by the Faculty to the Board of Trustees for graduation until he has submitted to the Faculty the receipt of the Secretary for the payment of all dues, including the fee for diploma. ENROLLMENT AND WORK OF CLASS OFFICERS. 1. The first day of each term is devoted to the work of enrollment, the regular class exercises beginning on the fol- lowing morning. 2. Class officers are appointed as follows : One each for the Junior and Senior classes, two for the Sophomore class, 72 ALBION COLLEGE and three for the Freshman class. The duties of these officers are to advise the students as to course of study, and to make out their study tickets. Each study ticket must have the ap- proval of the class officer noted thereon before the bearer will be permitted to enroll in classes. These officers are supplied with the arrears cards of those under their charge. 3. The student will take his entrance blank to the treas- urer, who will furnish him a receipt for money paid, retaining the study ticket. 4. Immediately after chapel on the next morning the stu- dent will call at the office and receive cards entitling him to admission to classes. 5. Failure on the part of any student to enroll on the reg- ular day for registration involves an additional fee of one dollar. PRIZES AWARDED ANNUALLY. ORATORY. I. — The Berry Prize, established and endowed by the gift of $600 by Bishop Joseph F. Berry, D. D. This prize of $30 a year is awarded to the winner of the first honors in the Annual College Contest in Oratory. The winner also repre- sents the College in the Inter-Collegiate Contest. II. — The Elsie S. Vernor Prize of $20 a year, endowed by Mr. Frank A Vernor, of Detroit. This prize is awarded to the winner of second honors in the Annual College Con- test ; the winner also becoming the alternate representative of the Inter-Collegiate Contest. III. — The Baldwin Prize in Oratory of $10 a year has been established by the Rev. C. W. Baldwin, of Detroit. IV. — George Bowen Silliman Oratorical Prize. This is an annual prize of $25 established by Mr. L. Silliman, of Albion, in honor of his son who died while a student in College. The prize is open to competition on the part of all Sophomores who have attained a certain degree of excellence in Sophomore English. YEAR BOOK 73 BIBLE FELLOWSHIP. This is a permanent fund, the interest of which is used for an annual prize in Bible study. It is expected that in time the Fellowship will become sufficiently large to enable at least one member of each graduating class to spend a year in Biblical research in the American schools in Rome and Jeru- salem. Prof. F. S. Goodrich is the treasurer of the fund. FELLOWSHIP IN PHYSICS. Nathaniel N. Greene and Clarence W. Greene have es- tablished a fellowship in Physics for the year 1905-06. This fellowship is to be awarded by a committee consisting of the President of the College and the Professor of Physics to a member of the Senior class. General fitness and quality and quantity of work done in College Physics will be the deciding- factors in making the award. The fellowship will yield fifty dollars to the successful candidate. SCHOLARSHIP. Scholarships, as an encouragement to meritorious students and as a recommendation of the highest scholarship, have been founded. The income from these scholarships is suffi- cient to pay all fees in the Literary department, so that the students receiving these honors may attend College without the payment of any fees whatever to the institution. I. — The Hallock Scholarship, founded by Mr. and Mrs. T. T. Hallock, of Climax. A candidate for the missionary field will receive special consideration in the awarding of this scholarship. II. — The Robinson Scholarship, endowed by Mr. and Mrs. L. W. Robinson, of Battle Creek. Sons and daughters of superannuated ministers will receive special consideration in the awarding of this scholarship. III. — The Ionia Scholarship, endowed by the members of the Methodist Episcopal Church of Ionia, will be awarded to 74 ALBION COLLEGE the graduate of the Ionia High School excelling in intellec- tual attainment and moral worth. IV. — The Williams Scholarship, maintained by Mr. C. B. Williams, of Alpena. V. — The Shumaker Scho larship, endowed by S. F. and Susan M. Shumaker, of Centerville, preference to be given to students preparing for ministry or the missionary work. VI. — The Hicks Scholarship, founded by Mrs. Alice Hicks, of Lexington, and available for a worthy student of either sex. VII. — The Root Scholarship, endowed by Dr. and Mrs. W. W. Root, of Mason. VIII. — The Blackmar Scholarship, endowed by Mrs. E. B. Blackmar, of North Adams. IX. — The Bliss Scholarship, founded by Governor Aaron T. Bliss. X. — The Dwelle-Cook Scholarship, founded by Mrs. Eliza A. Cook, of Hanover. XL — The Wightman Scholarship, founded by Mr. E. B. Wightman, of Fenton. XII. — The Buck Scholarship, founded by Hon. George M. Buck, formerly of Kalamazoo, Michigan, now of Washing- ton, D. C. CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC. PURPOSE OF THE CONSERVATORY. The Conservatory of Music was organized for the purpose of giving instruction and practice in all branches of musical education, and to cultivate a taste for that which is essentially good and ennobling in the art. With this purpose in view, no superficial methods are tolerated by the management. Teachers of wide experience and unquestionable reputation are employed. It is the object of the Conservatory to educate the student upon a well-regulated and scientific plan of instruction. LOCATION AND EQUIPMENT. The Conservatory is located in the South or Chapel Building of Albion College. The entire building is devoted to the Conservatory. The rooms for recitations are large, well lighted, well ventilated and well heated. On the second floor is a fine recital hall, with a seating capacity for six hundred people. The equipment of this hall includes a large two man- ual Hook and Hastings pipe organ and Concert Grand Weber piano, and a spacious stage which gives every advantage for orchestral and choral concerts, as well as recitals for faculty and students. ADVANTAGES OF STUDY IN A CONSERVATORY. There is undoubtedly a great advantage in college over pri- vate instruction. The number of musicians working together without any other matters to take their attention, the number of students working industriously and earnestly together, in- tent upon attaining the highest proficiency, the exchange of ideas, the concerts, recitals, lectures, etc., all create a musical atmosphere which stimulates the student to the highest effort. y6 ALBION COLLEGE FREE PRIVILEGES. In Albion Conservatory the students have the advantage of appearing in recital work. The Choral Union connected with the Conservatory is free to all students. There is also an orchestra connected with the College, to which all students who are sufficiently advanced are eligible. Weekly rehearsals are held of both chorus and orchestra. The experience and drill under so eminent a conductor as Dr. Chace are of the greatest value, especially to those pre- paring for professional work. The members become familiar with standard and classical compositions, oratorios, cantatas, concertos, etc., which has a most broadening influence in the musical education of the student, and is invaluable to those studying for professional work. Students ' Recitals are held weekly. Musical history free to students taking the full work in the Conservatory. The Library, which contains 15,000 volumes and all leading periodicals of the day, is free to the students in the Conserv- atory. There is a well-equipped gymnasium with general instruc- tion by competent teachers throughout the year, which is free to the students of the Conservatory. CONCERTS AND RECITALS. Pupils ' Recitals will be given every Thursday during the academic year. A series of Faculty Concerts will be given during the year. CHORAL UNION. The Choral Union (Chorus and Orchestra) will give four concerts during the season. At these concerts oratorios, can- tatas, and the higher order of choruses will be sung, accom- panied by orchestra and pipe organ. Advanced pupils will be given the opportunity of singing solos in these concerts. Famous artists will be brought to the College to enable the students to hear the best music interpreted by the foremost musicians of the day. YEAR BOOK JJ LENGTH OF COURSE. Pupils entering the Preparatory department are required to complete successfully four years ' work for graduation. REQUIREMENTS FOR GRADUATION. In order to graduate, two studies are required of the stu- dent, one of which must be the theory of music, harmony, counterpoint and musical history; the other study may be chosen from the following branches, viz., piano, voice, pipe organ, violin, viola and wind instruments. Candidates for graduation should present their petitions to the Conservatory faculty for consideration at least one year before commencement. Action taken upon such petitions will be based principally upon the musical ability of the applicant. Diplomas are granted by the Trustees of the College to graduates of the Conservatory. Candidates for graduation must give a creditable public performance of a program of the difficulty indicated by the following models : — PIANOFORTE. I. Sonata, Op. 13 Beethoven II. (a) Prelude and Fugue Bach (b) Rondo Haydn III. (a) Nocturne, Op. 37, No. 2.. (b) Valse, Op. 64, No. 2 (c) Polonaise, Op. 26, No. 1. (d) Ballade, Op. 47 IV. (a) If I were a Bird Henselt (b) Berceuse Mason (c) Etude de Concert, Op. 36 MacDowell (d) Magic Fire Scene Wagner -Br assin V. Rhapsodie Liszt .Chopin 7 ALBION COLLEGE VOICE. Song Recital for Soprano. (Same degree of difficulty for all voices.) Farewell Ye Mountains, from Jeanne d ' Arc . Tschaikowski f Schubert Group of Songs (German) «j Fravu I Brahms Aria from The Creation Haydn ( Rossini Group of Songs (Italian) j Leoncavallo ( Verdi ( Allitsen Group of Songs (English) j Sullivan ( Elgar ' MacDowell American A complete Oratorio. Paine Buck Foote Chad wick VIOLIN. I. Sonata Gade II. Concerto Mendelssohn III. Zigeunerweisen Sarasate IV. (a) Aria Bach (b) Hungarian Dance Brahms ORGAN. Prelude in G . S. Bach Toccata and Fugue in D minor . S. Bach Marche Religieuse Alex. Guilmant Adagio from a Sonata Gustav Merkel Sonata Rheinberger At Evening Dudley Buck On the Coast Dudley Buck Lohengrin (Orchestral transcription) Wagner YEAR BOOK 79 DIPLOMAS. Diplomas are awarded to candidates passing the final ex- aminations in any of the following departments, namely, pianoforte, voice, pipe organ, musical theory, violin, violon- cello and orchestral instruments. Those graduating in voice or instrumental must first pass examinations in Harmony and Counterpoint. PUBLIC SCHOOL MUSIC, SIGHT SINGING. The demand for competent teachers in elementary har- mony and sight singing, as supervisors of music in public schools, has made it necessary to establish a department where thorough knowledge of the subject may be gained. This course consists of two lessons per week, given in lectures on methods and practical lessons in elementary harmony, sight reading and simple rules for proper use of voice. TEACHERS ' COURSE. A special normal course has been arranged for students de- siring to obtain a Teacher ' s Diploma in pianoforte, voice and other departments. This diploma ranks the same in merit as that of the Artists ' course, and involves the same training during the first years of study. The last year of the Teachers ' course, the student directs his attention mainly toward ac- quiring the best methods of imparting musical knowledge. In order to make the instruction thoroughly practical, pupils of various grades are utilized, thus affording the normal students the advantage of doing actual teaching under the supervision of an experienced master. The normal training involved in preparing for graduation necessitates at least one year ' s attendance at the Conservatory. POST-GRADUATE COURSE. A Post-graduate course has been arranged for graduates who desire to reach a higher standard of excellence. The technical, intellectual and artistic requirements are consid- erably greater than those for graduation. A prominent object 80 ALBION COLLEGE in this course is to provide the student artist with a varied repertoire suited to his musical individuality and to his needs as a public performer. BACHELOR OF MUSIC. The candidate for this degree must have completed the course in English, and must present a serious composition for solo, chorus and orchestra, containing double counterpoint and fugue, and occupying in performance not less than twenty minutes. This work must be approved by the Examining Committee and be performed in public. SCHOOL OF PAINTING. The primary object of this department is to arouse in the pupil a sense of the beautiful, and when that sense has been called forth, to enable him to adequately express it by means of some artistic production. A further object is to conduct the pupil with thoroughness from the simplest rudiments up to a knowledge of the higher branches of art, giving, as far as possible, a perfect understanding of all the work entered upon. It will be seen by reference to the Course of Study in Painting, that the student receives instruction in the ele- mentary courses of drawing. These can be taken in the class with others who are in this and the Literary departments. Then, special and individual attention is given to the study of object drawing, drawing from casts, perspective, landscape, figure, flower and fruit painting, in oil, water colors and pas- tel ; and to decorative painting and design. The Art department connected with the College adds much to the needed practical side of education. Professor Thompson, of the Worcester Technical Schools, tells us that a boy who spends two hours a week in drawing, and the rest of the time in working at the bench, learns his business faster, and becomes more skilful in it, than one who works all the time. Again, It is calculated that the pro- ductive efficiency of every machine shop would be increased thirty-three per cent, if every journeyman could read any common working drawing and work by it. But it is well known that art study, besides having tangi- ble value in its relation to manufacture, is designed to pro- mote improvement in taste. The highest and best purpose of any attainment is that which ministers to the intellectual and spiritual wants of man. A work of art is the harmonious and beautiful arrangement of certain lines, spaces and colors. In order that the in- 82 ALBION COLLEGE genuity and originality of the student, as well as his appre- ciation of the beautiful, may be fostered, he is required to study composition which deals entirely with such arrange- ments. The sketch class works out of doors in the Fall and Spring terms, and during the Winter term a life sketch class is con- ducted. Landscape study from nature is much more easily and agreeably accomplished here at Albion than in the large cities, as the College buildings are located near the open country, and many beautiful scenes are found along the Kala- mazoo River, not a quarter of a mile from the studio. As far as possible, the instruction in this department is in- dividual, thereby insuring to each pupil a greater amount of attention than could be given in class work. Students or pupils outside the College may enter at any time during the year by making special arrangements with the head of the department. METHOD AND SCOPE OF WORK. Fifteen hours per week. Course I. — Beginning with outline drawing in charcoal from simple objects. Course II. — Drawing in charcoal from simple casts, cubes, spheres, etc., with instruction in perspective. Course II L— Outlining and shading from casts of differ- ent parts of the human figure, and perspective talks. Course IV. — Drawing from still life and simple casts, in charcoal. Course V. — Head and figure antique cast work. Course VI. — Full length antique figure work. Still life color work. Course VII. — Antique work. Charcoal work from nature. Course VIII. — Color and black and white work from nature. Course IX. — Color work from nature, and black and white work from living models. Course X. — Color work from living models. Composition is absolutely required. Illustration will be given to five or more pupils. Theory of Art. — Comparative Aesthetics with lectures on color, composition, tone values and the different media em- ployed in painting. Third term. Two hours. THE SCHOOL OF BUSINESS Is located in pleasant and well-equipped rooms occupying the south half of the first floor in the North College building. The object of this department is twofold: — i. It gives to all who may wish to engage in business pur- suits an opportunity to fit themselves in the most practical manner possible. 2. It affords an opportunity to all students at their option to take some work in the Commercial or Shorthand courses as a part of any literary course, and receive some credit for the same. Any one with good moral character and sufficient ability to pursue the prescribed studies can enter at any time and pur- sue any study he desires. The instruction in bookkeeping, penmanship, shorthand, typewriting, etc., is largely individual, and so may be taken up with profit at any time. COURSES OF STUDY OUTLINED. BUSINESS COURSE. FIRST TERM. Bookkeeping and Business Practice, English Grammar. Penmanship. Com ' l Arithmetic. Correspondence. Spelling. SECOND TERM. Bookkeeping and Business Practice. English Grammar. Penmanship. Com ' l Arithmetic. Commercial Law. Spelling. THIRD TERM. Bookkeeping and Office Work. Penmanship. Com ' l Arithmetic. Civil Government. Com ' l Geography. Spelling. SHORTHAND COURSE. FIRST TERM. SECOND TERM. THIRD TERM. Shorthand Typewriting. Spelling. English. Business Correspon- dence and Punctu- ation. Shorthand. Typewriting. Spelling. English. Business Correspon- dence and Punctu- ation. Shorthand Dictation. Spelling. Typewriting. Office Work. Reporting. Note. — Either of the above courses may be completed in two terms of twelve weeks each. 8 4 ALBION COLLEGE BUSINESS-SHORTHAND COURSE. FIRST TERM. SECOND TERM. THIRD TERM. Bookkeeping. Bookkeeping and Office Work. Shorthand. Business Practice. Shorthand Typewriting. Shorthand. Dictation. Penmanship. Typewriting. Typewriting. Correspondence. Penmanship. Penmanship. Spelling. Spelling and Spelling and Punctuation. Punctuation. ADVANCED BUSINESS COURSE. This course takes up where our Business course leaves off, and only those who are graduates of an approved high school or its equivalent and have completed a Business course will be permitted to enter upon this work. The course includes one year ' s study and is outlined as follows : — THE COURSE OUTLINED. FIRST TERM. SECOND TERM. THIRD TERM. Advanced Book- Advanced Book- Advanced Book- keeping. keeping. keepin g. Political Economy. Banking and Constitutional Law. English. Finance. English. Office Methods. English. Advertising. Penmanship. Office Methods. Penmanship. Penmanship. Note. — In addition to the above, the candidate must elect a year ' s study in Shorthand and Typewriting or German. Degree. — Any one satisfactorily completing the above course, and on recommendation of the Faculty of the College, will be granted the degree of Master of Accounts (M. Accts.). ACTUAL BUSINESS. Every student taking a course with us has a thorough practice in actual business training. The plan we adopt in- sures a complete drill in office training, and is conceded to be the best system ever adopted. It is as nearly like real business as any method possible. It is real business, with real indi- viduals. This scheme works admirably. It fascinates the student from the beginning, holds his closest attention and YEAR BOOK 85 calls out his best efforts. It teaches him the customs, forms, correspondence and practice of business as can be done in no other way. All buying and selling is done upon the markets, a daily report of which is on file where all can consult it. Every business form, such as notes, drafts, checks, invoices, receipts, bills of lading, account sales, statements, etc., and every variety of business letters are called into use, receive the same prompt and careful attention that is required in actual business. In order to carry on this work, our school is provided with BANKING, COMMISSION, TRANSPORTATION AND WHOLESALING facilities. In this department the student is given work to do and is advanced from time to time until he has filled the various positions in each. The subordinate positions vacated by him as he is advanced are recruited from the theory class. To carry on this work successfully, we have our office depart- ment provided with large office books, necessary blanks, letter- press, etc. The work in the various offices the student finds exceedingly interesting and profitable to him. The responsible positions in which he is placed from time to time in each, teach him the many responsibilities falling upon those who are engaged in positions in real business. OUTLINE OF OTHER STUDIES. Business Arithmetic. — Much prominence is given to this subject in our course, and aside from the regular text-book work we endeavor to make the student proficient in this direction by means of class drills in rapid calculations and short methods. Commercial Law. — Instruction in this subject is by means of lectures on the various subjects and thorough class work, in which a most excellent text-book is used. The subjects to which especial attention is given are contracts, negotiable paper, agency, partnership, shipping, insurance, liens, real estate conveyance, etc. 86 ALBION COLLEGE Grammar and Correspondence. — The student is instructed and drilled in the form and composition of all kinds of business letters. Civil Government.— It is important that the student re- ceive thorough instruction in this branch, in order to be able to assume the duties of citizenship. Commercial Geography. — Deals with the interchange of commercial products, and the interdependence of nations, some things about the countries and localities where the raw materials are found, how the latter are obtained, what the processes of manufacture are, what rate home consumption bears to export, etc. Business Writing. — We teach a plain, bold, rapid busi- ness hand, such as is called for in correspondence and book- keeping work. We aim at neatness, legibility and rapidity, to the total exclusion of all superfluous lines and flourishes. Spelling. — In teaching spelling we use a series of lessons forming a complete collection of difficult common and business words, with definitions, pronunciations, and rules concerning capitals. SHORTHAND DEPARTMENT. The demand by business concerns, literary men and women, etc., for young men and women to act as stenographers and typewriters, is constantly increasing. We teach both of these branches most thoroughly in our business department. We use the Graham System of Shorthand because our in- vestigation leads us to the conclusion that the Graham Short- hand is the best system in use. The main reasons are these: (i) It is the oldest system in this country. (2) It is the briefest system. (3) It is in more general use than any other system. Thirty-four of the thirty-seven official stenographers in this State are Graham writers. There are more followers of this system, and more persons writing it today than all other systems combined. Business men recognize these facts and have a decided preference for Graham writers. The YEAR EOOK 87 prospective student in shorthand will do well to ponder on these things. Four-fifths of the persons who apply to us for stenog- raphers and typewriters desire some one who is a good, plain writer and can assist as bookkeeper and in other office work. Hence it is greatly to one ' s advantage to pursue the study of shorthand and typewriting in a school where thorough in- struction in bookkeeping, business forms, penmanship and office methods may be received at the same time. Business men and others desiring the services of stenographers demand that they have a thorough knowledge of the English branches. We have excellent facilities for giving thorough instruction, to those who need it, in all of these branches without extra charge to the student. SPEED CLASS. Our classification is such that persons who have mastered the principles of shorthand, through self-study, or who are writers of kindred systems can be placed in such classes as will meet their needs and insure their advancement. We will admit into our Speed Class students of Pitman, Munson, Longley, Haven, and other varieties of shorthand and give them valuable aid without requiring them to change their style of writing. TYPEWRITING. Special care and attention are given to the students in this work under the direction of an expert operator. Each stu- dent is assigned a definite amount of work until a certain proficiency is reached with ability to handle and rapidly exe- cute the various requirements of office work. He is also thor- oughly instructed in the proper use and care of the machine. We use only standard machines in our school ; the Remington, Fox and Smith-Premier have the preference. We teach the latest method — the Touch System. The work in Grammar, Correspondence and Spelling is the same as outlined in the regular Commercial Course. 88 ALBION COLLEGE DIPLOMA AND POSITION. Upon the satisfactory completion of the prescribed Busi- ness or Shorthand course, the student is granted a diploma. We do not guarantee positions to our graduates, but we always take pleasure in recommending or aiding a worthy student, who is well qualified, in every effort to secure a sit- uation. There is an increasing demand for amanuenses and bookkeepers who are willing to work, and one who thoroughly prepares himself is sure of obtaining profitable employment ; in fact, we stand ready to assist such to a position. We have, during the past year, assisted many of our stu- dents to positions, and could have located many more had we possessed the proper material. We do all we can for our students. SPECIAL ADVANTAGES. This school being one of the departments of Albion Col- lege, it possesses several advantages not found elsewhere. The benefits to be derived from attending the College literary societies are inestimable. Some of the best musicians and most eminent lecturers may be heard here each term. The College Library, containing sixteen thousand volumes, may be used by all students. A fully equipped gymnasium, open and free to all students. For rates of tuition, see table of expenses. BOOKS AND STATIONERY. The books and stationery required for the Commercial course cost about $8 to $10. For the Shorthand and Type- writing, about $2 to $3. The Penmanship course will require only a few quires of good paper, pens and ink, that will cost but a small sum. We request all persons who contemplate entering a school of this kind to call on us, inspect the workings of the school, or write us before entering any similar institution. Address G. S. Kimball, Principal, Albion, Mich. DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION. This department today is considered a most necessary one in all colleges. It is known that gymnastic training can be so wisely prosecuted that the strength of physical manhood may grow with as much certainty and regularity as the in- tellect develops under systematic and vigorous study. College students, leading a sedentary life, as they necessarily do, find great value in such exercises as are practiced in a well- ordered gymnasium. General instruction in the Gymnasium is given throughout the year. Enduring strength, activity and grace are the essen- tials striv en for, and these, not through feats replete with danger and calling for sustained and arduous work, but rather through exercises that are safe and beneficial to the partici- pant. The director will be pleased to give physical examina- tions to any desiring them, also to give personal instruction to individuals at any time. Special attention is given to all branches of outdoor sports. It is well known that the terms gymnastics and athletics are not synonymous. The latter is often carried to an extreme that is decidedly harmful ; but under the supervision of our director we are sure that outdoor sports can be so conducted as to promote health while they contribute to college spirit. The whole athletic life of the College is under the supervision of a faculty committee, which, working with the student man- agement, compels a high standard of class work and makes every effort to reach the highest ideals of morality and purity in all branches of athletics. Through the generous gift of Mr. John Winter and Dr. Oliver H. Lau, of Detroit, supplemented by the gifts of stu- dents and friends, a large Athletic Field of twelve acres ad- jacent to the northern branch of the Kalamazoo River, within two blocks of the Gymnasium, has been purchased. The field provides excellent opportunities for all athletic sports. 90 ALBION COLLEGE WOMEN ' S DEPARTMENT. Two years of practical work are required of all literary students before graduation. All students taking the work are required to wear the reg- ulation suit and to attend class regularly. This suit, costing about $5, includes all the expenses demanded by the practical work. (Students will find it less expensive and more desirable to secure suits after reaching here.) Each student on entering the gymnasium is given a physical examination that the director may ascertain what are the es- pecial needs and deficiencies of each student, and all care is taken to insure benefit from the exercises and prevent all possible injuries. The work is carefully graded and progress- ive, so that no undue strain shall be put upon those who are physically unfit to take the heaviest work. However, if a student is not able to take any part of the work, she may, on consulting with the director, be excused during the period of disability. PHYSICAL TRAINING I. The work of the first year is entirely developmental and corrective. The Swedish system is used as a basis, and pre- cision and exactness are demanded. Course A. All students are required to begin with Course A. It cov- ers the work of the Fall term and includes light Swedish gymnastics, gymnastic games and lectures on gymnastics and general hygiene. Course B. — Winter term. Course B presupposes Course A. Dumbbell exercises, marching and basket-ball are taken up; also one lecture a week is given on the anatomy and mechanics of bodily move- ment. Course C. — Spring term. Course C presupposes Course A. It includes wand exer- cises, Indian club swinging, and work on apparatus assigned to correct individual defects. YEAR BOOK 9 1 PHYSICAL TRAINING II. This includes the work of the second year. The exercises are more highly co-ordinated than that of Physical Training I. Exercises are used which will give a more complete mastery and control over the bodily movements. Course A. — Fall term. Advanced work in Swedish gymnastics is given, also fancy steps and games. Course B. — Winter term. This includes work with Indian clubs, bounding balls and the long poles. Course C. — Spring term. Exercises with hoops and wands are given, also some of the old Swedish Folk Drills are taught. PHYSICAL TRAINING III. This is a course in advanced Physical Training and is given each term during the year. It may be taken by those stu- dents who have completed Physical Training I and II. One hour ' s credit a term is given to those who complete the work satisfactorily. EXPENSES. COLLEGE AND PREPARATORY SCHOOL. Incidental fee, per term $10.00 Matriculation fee, paid but once for the whole course. 5.00 Graduation fee 5 . 00 Commencement expenses for graduates 5.00 For Master ' s Degree examinations and diploma 10.00 Students in Chemistry deposit at the opening of the term to cover cost of material used 5.00 Students in Laboratory Course in Biology deposit 3.00 If balance to their credit at the end of term, it is refunded. NORMAL COURSE. Tuition, for the course, if paid in advance $6.00 If paid by the term as work is taken — for whole course. 8.00 CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC. PIANO. Tuition given below includes incidental fees. Private lessons, twice a week — Fall term $25 . 00 Winter term 23 . 00 Spring term 23 . 00 Private lessons, once a week — Fall term $13 . 00 Winter term 12 . 00 Spring term 12 . 00 ORGAN. Fees same as above. VOICE. Fees same as above. VIOLIN, CELLO, VIOLA. Fees same as above. YEAR BOOK 93 HARMONY AND COUNTERPOINT. Two lessons per week, per term $6.00 SIGHT SINGING AND PUBLIC SCHOOL MUSIC. Fees same as above. ORCHESTRA AND BAND. Instruction Free Rent of Pipe Organ, one hour daily, with power $10.00 Graduating Diploma 3 . 00 Commencement expenses to each candidate for gradua- tion 3 . 00 SCHOOL OF PAINTING. Incidentals, per term $ 3 . 50 Instruction three hours daily, per term 20.00 Instruction two hours daily, per term i5-00 Instruction one hour daily, per term 10.00 Single lessons 60 SCHOOL OF BUSINESS. RATES OF TUITION. Business Course, Fall term, 14 weeks $20.00 Business Course, subsequent terms, three months 18.00 Shorthand Course, per term, three months 18.00 Business-Shorthand Course, per term 25.00 Besides the regular courses there will be classes to accom- modate those from other departments who wish to take special work as follows : — Bookkeeping and Business Practice, per term $10.00 Bookkeeping, per term, five hours a week 6.00 Bookkeeping, per term, three hours a week 4.00 Penmanship, per term, five hours a week 3.50 Penmanship, per term, three hours a week 2.50 Commercial Arithmetic, five hours a week 4.00 Commercial Law, four hours a week 4.00 Typewriting, per term, five hours a week 6.00 Shorthand, alone, per term, five hours a week 10.00 Shorthand, alone, per term, five hours a week (for col- lege students) 6.00 Graduation Fee, one course 3.00 Graduation Fee, two courses 5.00 GENERAL STATEMENTS. No part of incidentals or tuition in any department is re- funded when student leaves before the end of the term, unless by special arrangement. Payment of incidentals entitles the student to the use of the Gymnasium and instruction in gymnastics, use of bath, etc., without additional charge. The following points are worth noting: — i. Some students find opportunities for manual labor by which they defray expenses of board in part or in full. 2. Very largely students form boarding clubs, in connec- tion with which the cost is about two dollars a week. These clubs are managed on a principle to secure excellent board at something below usual rates. 3. Board costs in private families usually about two dollars and fifty cents a week, in some places less than this. Rooms are provided at fifty to seventy-five cents a week. THE EMPLOYMENT BUREAU. For several years a systematized effort has been made to provide work for students desiring it. Through the kindly co-operation of people in the city, employment has been given to a considerable number of students. All students desiring employment should register or correspond with the committee as early as possible. Every effort will also be made to assist graduates in se- curing positions as teachers. There are no fees charged by the bureau. The members of the committee are Professors Frederic S. Goodrich, Delos Fall and Charles E. Barr. YEAR BOOK 95 CLOSING EXAMINATIONS. 1. All students must be present at examinations and the closing recitations of the term, or no credit will be given for the work pursued. 2. Students absenting themselves from the closing or examination work will not, unless such absence was caused by sickness or other unavoidable conditions, be allowed to take the omitted examinations until they occur in regular order with the next class. 3. All conditions or incompletes ' must be removed within a year from the date of the examination in order to obtain credit without again taking the work in class. ATTENDANCE. 1. Persons coming to Albion for the purpose of entering any department of the College are subject to its government from the time of their arrival; and whenever a student has entered College, he is under its jurisdiction until his con- nection is formally closed by graduation or otherwise. 2. Students who are not in their places at the opening of the term, if minors, must present written excuses from their parents or guardians for their delay ; and if not minors, must give a satisfactory excuse for such delay. 3. Uninterrupted attendance upon College duties during term time is required. Under ordinary circumstances visiting home or friends is discouraged. 4. No student is permitted to leave town without permis- sion of the President or Preceptress. 5. It is the custom of the Preceptress to give informal talks to the young women, upon topics of interest to them, attendance upon which is required of all the young women in the institution. 96 ALBION COLLEGE 6. Students having enrolled for work in the Gymnasium are required to be in attendance as promptly as in any other department. 7. All delinquencies, such as tardiness, deficiency, offenses against any good order in the recitation rooms, are dealt with by the professors of the departments. Flagrant cases are reported to the President or Faculty. CHAPEL SERVICE. On each school day, religious services are held in the College Chapel, which all students are required to attend. Disregard of this regulation works forfeiture of member- ship in the institution. Aside from the benefits to be derived from these devotional services, the students have an oppor- tunity each day to meet the President and Faculty for guid- ance in their work. The unity of movement and the largest efficiency in the prosecution of their studies cannot be se- cured without the daily convening of all the students. CHURCH ATTENDANCE. On Sunday morning, students are required to attend public worship at such church as they or their parents or guardians may select, and each student is expected to be uniform in his attendance at the church of his choice. On Thursday evening is held the general weekly prayer-meeting, which, though a voluntary service, is attended by a majority of the students. SOCIETIES. No literary or other society can exist in connection with the institution, unless by permission granted after the con- stitution and by-laws of the same shall have been submitted YEAR BOOK 97 to the Faculty for examination, and shall have received their approval. Whenever the workings of any society shall be deemed prejudicial to the interests of the institution, such society shall be dissolved. The times and places of the meetings of the societies will be subject to regulation by the Faculty; and all meetings, whether of secular societies or any other body of students, shall be open for the attendance of any member of the Faculty or of the Board of Trustees. No society in the College may invite any lecturer to ad- dress them in public until the name of the proposed lecturer shall have been laid before the President, and he shall have given permission to extend the invitation. There are three literary societies connected with the College, the Erosophian Society, the Eclectic and Athenisedes Society, and the Athenaeum. These organizations are ex- pected to do work up to the grade of College culture, — essays, orations, debates, literary criticism. There are also two largely attended literary societies in the Preparatory School open to all students not enrolled in the College proper. The literary societies have fitted up elegant apartments in which to hold their weekly meetings. SOROSIS. Albion College Sorosis is a literary society of young women. The work within the society is primarily literary, consisting of orations, debates, extemporaneous talks and parliamentary drills. The social nature is also developed, thus preparing the members for the duties which naturally fall to them when their college career is ended. The meetings are held every Friday evening in the Sorosis hall. Member- ship is by invitation from the society. ALBION COLLEGE ORATORICAL CONTESTS. At the end of each term every College literary society elects a member to the Oratorical Committee. This organiza- tion, consisting of nine members, is responsible for the College oratorical or debating interests, and has in charge the annual Mock Congress, and such other interests as concern the work of literary societies. C HRISTIAN ASSOCIATIONS. I. — The Young Men ' s Christian Association was organized several years ago, and is having a vigorous life. It offers a splendid opportunity for all young men in the College to secure religious instruction and Christian growth, and to do personal religious work. II. — In addition to the Bible instruction given by the Fac- ulty, six or eight courses are offered during the year in each association. In these classes over two hundred students are enrolled. Most prominent among these courses is Studies in the Life of Christ, under Professor Goodrich. Other courses offered are Studies in the Psalms, Prophecies, Acts and the Gospels. Very helpful in the training of Christian workers are the Bible training classes in methods. III. — Careful attention is given to the study of missions. A mission class is maintained throughout the year, in which excellent courses in the History and Methods of Missions and in Missionary Biography are pursued. To supply the needs of these classes, each association sends from two to five students to the Lake Geneva Summer School for special training. The Mission Band consists of volunteers, who prooose to enter the foreign work. The social work of the associations is by no means a small feature. At the opening of the school year all trains are met by committees from each association, and all possible assist- YEAR BOOK 99 ance is given in securing rooms and board, enrolling, etc. The Association information bureau seeks to give all needed information to new students. The associations are strictly in- terdenominational, thoroughly and practically Christian, and genuinely helpful. COOPERATIVE ASSOCIATION. One of the great items of expense to a college student is books. He must read much and read thoroughly. In order to do this well he must not depend on borrowed books, but must have books of his own to which he may refer frequently. The Albion College Co-operative Association was organ- ized December, 1893, for the purpose of furnishing text-books and all other books to the students, Faculty and alumni at reduced rates. From the first, the association has had phenomenal suc- cess. It has reduced the price of books from ten to forty per cent, and at the same time has been put upon a firm, paying basis, as it has the hearty support of the student body. During the short time it has been doing business it has sold nearly $22,000 worth of books, all of which have been sold directly to the students and members of the Faculty. There is a growing tendency on the part of the students to form libraries of standard books, and thus their work in the classroom is greatly facilitated. Any book may be procured through the association, whether it is kept in stock or not. We have at present five hundred members. Upon the pay- ment of a fee of one dollar, any student or former student is entitled to life membership, with all the privileges attaching thereunto, including discount upon all books purchased. CANDIDATES FOR GRADUATION. Baldwin, Richard T. Bartell, Floyd E. Beach, King D. Bechtel, E. Ray Brail, Theron A. Bretz, J. Harlen Challis, Fanny B. Coates, William J. Croman, Inez D. Dobson, Ernest J. Douglas, Frank W. Evans, Ernest E. Field, Jay C. Hartwell, Ernest C. Hinckley, Clayton G. Hudnutt, Mary I. Hyney, W. Bradford Johnson, Lulu M. Kamps, Gertrude C. DEGREE OF A. B. Keech, Mabel L. Knickerbocker, E. Lloyd Kondo, Choyei Lescohier, Don D. Nagle, Bess B. Payne, Henry S. Pearce, Harry H. Pope, Jennie McCabe Pryor, Milo A. Reynolds, Vera Riddick, Harriet E. Robinson, Ethel M. Smith, Lisle D. G. Smith, Nellie E. Stillman, Charles B. Strike, John J. Towers, John Travis, Lillie B. Wheeler, George R. CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC. ARTIST ' S DIPLOMA. PIANO. Campbell, Jeannette Dey, Clara E. PIPE ORGAN. Keech, Mabel L. Lovell, B. Ethel Lehner, Mildred H. Lovell, B. Ethel YEAR BOOK 10 I VIOLIN. Fulghum, Bessie M. VOICE. Gustafson, Elin Pratt, Georgia TEACHER ' S DIPLOMA. PIANO. Smith, Louise A. Taylor, Nellie Woodworth, Sybil VOICE. Gautier, Grace COMMERCIAL SCHOOL. BUSINESS. Hoover, Macy S. Shaw, Clifford H. Martin, Albert L. Steffe, Nellie J. Penzotti, Daniel Weidman, John S. Wilbur, Bert A. BUSINESS-SHORTHAND. Creager, Carl M. Nickel, William F. Decker, Ira L. Shield, Frank H. Gregory, Lewis B. Whitney, Ella M. Hendrick, Eva M. Wright, D. Bernard SHORTHAND. Ackley, Ina B. McClatchey, Maud Anderson, Florence I. McClatchey, Irene M. Brown, Hazel Pearce, Harry H. Choate, Joseph W. Rollins, Elizabeth E. Goodwin, Leo E. VanDusen, Genevieve Martin, Morris Warner, Arba Milliman, Maude F. Wiley, Rhena E. 102 ALBION COLLEGE CANDIDATES FOR STATE TEACHERS ' CERTIFICATES. Baldwin, Richard T. Hyney, W. Bradford Bartell, Floyd E. Johnson, Lulu M. Brail, Theron A. Kamps, Gertrude C. Challis, Fanny B. Nagle, Bess B. Croman, Inez D. Payne, Henry S. Dobson, Ernest J. Pope, Jennie McCabe Evans, Ernest E. Reynolds, Vera Field, Jay C. Smith, Lisle D. G. Hartwell, Ernest C. Towers, John Hudnutt, Mary I. Travis, Lillie B. PURSUING POST-GRADUATE STUDIES. Name. Residence. Anderson, Esther Knlp Grand Rapids. Bechtel, G. Gerald Butte, Montana. Biggar, Carl O Bay Mills. Bradley, N. S Cadillac. Bray, N. L Big Rapids. Cartland, A. J Bath. Combs, J. Wesley Catawissa, Pa. Crane, Edith M Nanking, China. Deal, Clarence E Three Oaks. Dixon, Margaret Wyoming, 111. Doelle, John A Benton Harbor. Foy, John W Vicksburg. Gardner, Wright A Lansing. Gibson, Frances S Otsego. Hamilton, Amanda Manistique. Hipp, Henry G Eau Claire. Kennedy, Hugh Traverse City. Lawrence, A. H Indiana Harbor, Ind. Marshall, James Earle Zeeland. YEAR BOOK 103 Name. Residence Martin, D. D Albion. Martin, Harriet Hewitt Shabbona, 111. Mealley, John E Ann Arbor. Moon, Lewis N Norway. Perrine, Eva Tufts Ann Arbor. Pollok, Cecil E Howard City. Rufus, W. Carl Flint. Taylor, Frances Elder Missoula, Montana. Tullar, Edgar C Seymour, Conn. Urch, W. H. B Albion. Welch, Mary D Mishawaka, Ind. Weyant, Fred N Seattle, Wash. Weyant, James E Calumet. Williams, Arthur S Tekonsha. Woodworth, Leo D Rochester, N. Y. COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS. SENIORS. Name. Residence. Baldwin, Richard T Detroit. Bartell, Floyd E Concord. Beach, King D Utica. Bechtel, E. Ray Albion. Brail, Theron A Pulaski. Bretz, J. Harlen Albion. Challis, Fanny B Gaines. Coates, William J Flint. Croman, Inez D Grass Lake. Dobson, Ernest J Parma. Douglas, Frank W Texas. Evans, Ernest E Howard City. Field, Jay C Mason. Hartwell, Ernest C Albion. Hinckley, Clayton G Hastings. 104 ALBION COLLEGE Name. Residence. Hudnutt, Mary I Hanover. Hyney, W. Bradford Albion. Johnson, Lulu M Michigan City, Ind. Kamps, Gertrude C Zeeland. Keech, Mabel L Albion. Knickerbocker, E. Lloyd Albion. Kondo, Choyei Sorachi, Ego, Japan. Lescohier, Don D Detroit. Nagle, Bess B Albion. Payne, Henry S Albion. Pearce, Harry H Denton. Pope, Jennie McCabe Sault Ste. Marie. Pryor, Milo A Mason. Reynolds, Vera Berrien Springs. Riddick, Harriet E Albion. Riddick, Mary T Albion. Robinson, Ethel M Grand Ledge. Smith, Lisle D. G Lansing. Smith, Nellie E Ludington. Stillman, Charles B Holland. Strike, John J Porthleven, Eng. Towers, John Albion. Travis, Lillie B Armada. Wheeler, George R Shelby. JUNIORS. Anthony, Mabel Albion. Baldwin, Robert W Detroit. Bliss, Aaron T Beaverton. Bolster, Edith G Albion. Bower, Charles T Clarkston. Bowling, Alonzo J Adairville, Ky. Carr, Arthur B Howard City. Clancy, Ridley A Albion. Courtney, Laura A Deerfield. Dewey, Leroy L Decatur. YEAR BOOK 105 Name. Residence. Freeland, L. Maude Mason. Gaskill, George E • . . Delton. Gildart, Emerson O Albion. Hartwell, Mary E Albion. Howe, Percy Moscow. Hoyt, Myron E Hartland. Johnson, Ernest F Cheboygan. Kean, Hugh P Buchanan. Kean, Ralph D Buchanan. Kimball, Guy W Albion. Leonard, Samuel C Bright, Ont. McCune, Lucille A Manistique. Minor, Irving W East Center. Morse, Lillian Stanton. Owens, Anna A Kalamazoo. Pierson, Fay H Albion. Purdy, Frank M Sibley. Richmond, Evart C Manistee. Sloan, Ethel I Albion. Snyder, Horace W Albion. Taylor, Nellie E Albion. Watters, Frank C Ishpeming. Wilcox, Madge E Ludington. Yost, Jesse J Jackson. SOPHOMORES. Akin, Russell E Detroit. Austin, Grace E Albion. Babcock, Lulu A Albion. Ballamy Blanche W Bay City. Bangs, M. Louise Lansing. Becker, Charles C Albion. Button, Duvis, Jr Bloomingdale. Campbell, Jeannette Charlevoix. Card, W. Lester Owosso. Chase, Robert J Albion. 106 ALBION COLLEGE Name. Residence. Cleland, Ethel H Frankfort, N. Guff, Arthur C Albion. Cogshall, Mattie E Muskegon. Curry, Caleb Albion. Day, Agnes A Bay City. Dobson, Carrie E Parma. Dobson, Robert J Parma. Elder, Martin P Petersburg. Eldred, Foss O Colon. Fall, Mark H Albion. Farley, Fred L Battle Creek. Fitchett, Frank R Albion. Fowler, Charles B., Jr Eaton Rapids. Fuller, Inez L Springport. Gardner, Raymond B Albion. Haller, Ruth L Flint. Hawley, Guy Wesley Albion. Holkins, Ralph Albion. Hoover, Macy S Dallas, Pa. Humiston, Walter Ransom. Husted, Roy E Flint. Keast, Lewis Pensilva, Eng. Lampman, James W Hastings. Langworthy, Charles A Alpena. Larime, Mae Vassar. Lowry, Paul Albion. Maynard, Floyd R Homer. Mayne, E. Marie Charlevoix. Meinke, Albert H Detroit. Merrill, Ray W , Flint. Miller, Alonzo M Howard City. Millspaugh, Arthur C Augusta. Moulton, Elton J Leroy. Moulton, Harold G Leroy. Myers, Edna A Shelby. Newell, Georgia E Lawton. YEAR BOOK 107 Name. Residence. Norton, P. Ray Hanover. Odium, Arnold A Whitehall. Odium, Wendell A Whitehall. Ondrozeck, Frederick C Ovid. Osborne, Isaac Melvin. Parshall, Reuben C Reed City. Pope, James H Sault Ste. Marie. Pryor, Asa A Mason. Schneider, Olah , Albion. Shaffer, Clara B Albion. Sherff, Earl E Flint. Smith, Willis M Grand Rapids. Sumner, G. Lynn Whitehall. Wesbrook, Emma C Lowell. Wright, Wallace G Linden. FRESHMEN. Baldwin, Mabel B Comstock. Baldwin, Minnie E Flint. Bastian, Myrtle E Holly. Belcher, Donald R Albion. Benedict, Milton Jonesville. Boiteau, Mary E Bay City. Bolen, Roy J Wolverine. Bolender, J. Edson Sparta. Bowers, Will S Orange City, Iowa. Cook, Fred Wolverine. Dean, Angeline M Gilead. Dobbs, Eugene Montgomery. Eckardt, Vena Wayland. Evans, Muriel East Tawas. French, Blanch I Sherwood. French, C. Wallace Albion. Frye, Warren J St. Joseph. Gay, Arthur E W. Bay City. Goodenow, L. Georga Albion. 108 ALBION COLLEGE Name. Residence. Gregory, Lewis B Hillsdale. Haag, Roy R Albion. Hard, Leon D Addison. Hard, Mabel L Addison. Hartung, Harry C Albion. Hathaway, Grace M Scottville. Hopkins, Russell D Detroit. Hough, Helen N Albion. Howard, Bertha L Churchville, N. Y. Howey, Gertrude May Albion. Jenkins, Mary Mason. Keils, Otto C Mt. Clemens. Knapp, Carl J Owosso. Kraus, Tilla I Lansing. Lee, Walter F Albion. Leeson, Clyde Manchester. Lowe, Edward J Milan. Luce, Elizabeth Beulah East Tawas. McLouth, Florence B Addison. Meinke, Ella A Detroit. Meinecke, Bruno Detroit. Metcalf, Arthur A Caro. Miller, Cleora A Albion. Moore, Joel R Moscow. Oakes, Jay A East Tawas. Owen, Chester Vassar. Pearce, Fredericka M Battle Creek. Peck, Robert I Marshall. Prout, William G Hayle, Eng. Richardson, Harry A South Lyon. Root, Bertha D Battle Creek. Russell, Frederic A Albion. Saunderson, Jason M Lansing. Scott, Charles J Harbor Beach. Sprout, Sydney R Pinckney. Squire, Howard Flint. YEAR BOOK 1 00, Name. Residence. Stoughton, Dillis H Marshall. Taylor, Roy H South Haven. Thornton, Hubert L Albion. Thornton, Jesse E Albion. Thurstin, George F Orion. Trebilcock, William E National Mine. Van Eenenaan, Alice Zeeland. Van Egmond, William W. Bay City. Walker, Stella M St. Ignace. Wightman, E. Russell Saugatuck. Zebell, Sophia St. Joseph. PREPARATORY AND UNCLASSIFIED. Name. Residence. Abbott, Percival J Albion. Arbron, Thomas Detroit. Babcock, Gertrude Albion. Barber, Iva D Fennville. Barr, M. Elizabeth Albion. Beerstecher, Ernest Centerville. Black, Richard E St. Joseph. Bradshaw, Jephtha W Marshall. Bretz, Bina B Albion. Brown, Clifford V Mt. Pleasant. Brown, Ernest National Mine. Burnett, Herbert L Charlevoix. Campbell, Richard C Iron Mountain. Carr, Orlow W Kalamazoo. Clemens, John Drift, Eng. Clock, Ferry Lansing. Cobb, Arthur E Marshall. Cohoe, Don A Capac. Convill, James O El Reno, Okla. Croop, Mildred Deford. Cutler, Effie E Sherman. Doty, Clifford Albion. 110 ALBION COLLEGE Name. Residence. Fiedler, Amanda A Holt. Fitch, Frank L Byron Center. Fitzgerald, Glen A Springport. Galloway, Eleanor Albion. Gillett, Beula M Albion. Gordon, Jay C Waterloo. Grier, Whyrom Madoc, Ont. Harrison, Walter H Bad Axe. Haven, Edna L Albion. Hawks, Estes J Albion. Heslip, Ethel L Hagensville. Higbee, Claire R Williamston. Hill, Olah Albion. Howell, Clarence M Gagetown. Jeffery, George A Kingston. Jefferis, Angelina Stevensville. Jenkins, Edmund K Mason. Jones, Clara B Moscow. Kirkpatrick, Frank A Unionville. Knickerbocker, Josephine Jackson. Leeman, Matilda Chelsea. Leonard, Cora Owosso. Manion, Albert B St. Joseph. Marshall, Charlotte Fremont. Martin, Eathel A Albion. Mitchell, J. Claude Grand Blanc. Moon, Charles H DeWitt. Murray, Effie J Albion. Nelson, George F Northport. Newark, Caroline E Cadillac. Oatey Joseph H National Mine. Osgood, M. Daisy St. Johns. Patterson, Elva M Byron Center. Pimlott, Francis W Detroit. Platz, Mabel E Rogers City. Porter, Charles Sumner Leonidas. YEAR BOOK III Name. Residence. Prouse, Romilly H Ishpeming. Robertson, Ruth Albion. Roscoe, Ralph E Traverse City. Rndland, Wallace G Albion. Sdunek, Ottelia New Hudson. Stacks, Don H Charlevoix. Stewart, Leroy W Lowell. Stewart, Vera E Albion. Striker, Lewis Hastings. Swanson, John Sibley. Tanner, T. DeWitt Albion. Thomas, James Ironwood. Turner, Raymond C Briston, Ind. Wallis, Abraham W Cornwall, Eng. Wesbrook, Ethel A Lowell. Wightman, Ruby D Fennville. CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC. POST-GRADUATE STUDENTS. Name. Residence. Austin, Grace E Albion. Hamblin, Edith Albion. Keech, Mabel L Centerville. Maveety, Helen Battle Creek. PIANO. Allen, Mae Tekonsha. Armstrong, Alice Alden. Austin, Grace E Albion. Babcock, Lulu A Albion. Baldwin, Minnie E Flint. Barb er, Iva D Fennville. Beall, Helen B Albion. Billsborough, Carolyn L Albion. Blanchard, Jessie Albion. 112 ALBION COLLEGE Name. Residence. Bradford, Elsa I Eaton Rapids. Campbell, Jeannette Charlevoix. Cook, K. Maud Fulton. Cranson, Pearl Springport. Crich, Pearl F Bay City. Croop, Mildred Deford. Culver, Katherine Albion. Dale, Edna Springport. Dey, Clara E Springport. Fall, Mark Albion. French, Blanche I Sherwood. Galloway, Eleanor Albion. Gamble, Evora G Mayville. Gillette, Beula M Albion. Glascoff, Delia Springport. Haller, Ruth Louise Flint. Haskin, Mattie E Manton. Howe, Daisy Kalamazoo. Howey, Florence Albion. Keech, Mabel L Centerville. Kemp, Gertrude E St. Clair. Kirkpatrick, Frank A Unionville. Lehner, Mildred H Kalkaska. Lovell, B. Ethel Menominee. Marsh, Frances Albion. Marteeny, Bertha M Albion. Milliman, Maud Bath. Murray, Erne J Albion. Nease, Jessie G Grand Rapids. Nickel, William Au Sable. Perry, Vena B Springport. Smith, Louise A Albion. Stephens, Mildred Lake View. Stewart, Vera E Albion. Strong, Arda Homer. Taylor, Nellie Albion. YEAR BOOK 1 13 Name. Residence. Wellington, Darken Springport. Whisler, Inez Benton Ridge, O. Williams, Pearl M Eaton Rapids. Woodworth, Sybil Jackson. Yeiter, Lenna Benzonia. PIPE ORGAN. Bigbee, Feme Jackson. Farley, Fred Long Battle Creek. Foote, Grace Marshall. Haller, Ruth Louise Flint. Keech, Mabel L Centerville. Lovell, B. Ethel Menominee. Meinke, Albert H Detroit. VOICE. Allen, Mae Tekonsha. Baldwin, Mrs. Robert W Detroit. Bangham, Belle D Albion. Bower, Charles T Clarkston. Bradley, Edith Atlanta, Ga. Bucknell, Ella E Centerville. Burnett, F. G Marshall. Collar, Clarence J Lowell. Cook, K. Maud Fulton. Croop, Mildred Deford. Culver, Katherine H Albion. Dobbins, D. M Marshall. Fitch, Frank L Byron Center. Garnett, Salome Mobile, Ala. Gauss, Charles Marshall. Gautier, Grace Lansing. Gibson, Joseph M Cadillac. Gillett, Alvin Albion. GlascofY, Delia Springport. Goodenow, L. Georga Albion. Granger, Kathryn Albion. 114 ALBION COLLEGE Name. Residence. Gustafson, Elin Mobile, Ala. Haller, Ruth Louise Flint. Howe, Mrs. Percy Moscow. Howey, Florence Albion. Kemp, Gertrude E St. Clair. Lampman, James W Hastings. Leonard, Cora Owosso. Maveety, Helen Battle Creek. Millard, Mrs. G. R Springport. Monk, Florence E Albion. Nease, Jessie G Grand Rapids. Newark, Caroline Jane Cadillac. Odium, Arnold A Whitehall. Penzotti, Daniel Guatemala City, C. A. Pope, Jennie M Sault Ste. Marie. Pratt, Georgia Albion. Rank, Erma B Eaton Rapids. Russell, Frederic A Albion. Shanley, Bessie M Albion. Smith, Louise A Albion. Smith, Nellie E Ludington. Thompson, Aline L Albion. Trebilcock, William E National Mine. Wellington, Darken Springport. Wesbrook, Ethel A Lowell. Wheeler, George R Shelby. Wright, Wallace G Flint. HARMONY. Armstrong, Alice Alden. Babcock, Lulu A Albion. Ballamy, Blanche W Bay City. Bangham, Belle D Albion. Blanchard, Jessie Albion. Crich, Pearl F Bay City. Culver, Katherine Albion. YEAR BOOK H5 Name. Residence. Dey, Clara E Springport. Farley, Fred Long Battle Creek. French, Blanche I Sherwood. Fulghum, Bessie M Traverse City. Gamble, Evora G Mayville. Gautier, Grace Lansing. Godenow, L. Georga Albion. Granger, Kathryn Albion. Gustafson, Elin Mobile, Ala. Haller, Ruth Louise Flint. Keech, Mabel L Centerville. Kemp, Gertrude E St. Clair. Marteeny, Bertha M Albion. Meinke, Albert H Detroit. Monk, Florence E Albion. Murray, Erne J Albion. Nease, Jessie G Grand Rapids. Pratt, Georgia Albion. Rank, Erma B Eaton Rapids. Shanley, Bessie M Albion. Smith, Louise A Albion. Stewart, Vera E Albion. Taylor, Nellie Albion. Thompson, Aline Albion. Wesbrook, Ethel A Lowell. Williams, Pearl M Eaton Rapids. Woodworth, Sybil Jackson. VIOLIN. Bolender, J. Edson Sparta. Colby, Martha T Albion. Cummings, Truman Albion. Fiedler, Amanda A Holt. Foster, Laurence Albion. Freeman, Giles Homer. Fulghum, Bessie M Traverse City. Il6 ALBION COLLEGE Name. Residence. Gardner, Helen Albion. Gardner, Raymond B Albion. Gamble, Evora G. Mayville. Howey, Stephen Albion. Loomis, Lillian Mt. Pleasant. Roberts, Harry Homer. Rogers, Ethel Albion. Schumacher, Carl Albion. Stewart, Vera E Albion. Strong, Gerald Homer. Thornton, Hubert L Albion. VIOLA. Howey, Stephen Albion. VIOLONCELLO. Emmons, Bertha Albion. Greene, Anna M Jonesville. Howey, Gertrude May Albion. Lehner, Mildred H Kalkaska. DOUBLE BASS. Porter, C. Sumner Leonidas. SIGHT SINGING AND PUBLIC SCHOOL MUSIC. Name. Residence. Ackley, Ina B Waldron. Bradley, Edith Atlanta, Ga. Campbell, Jeannette Charlevoix. Cobb, Arthur E Marshall. Cook, K. Maud Fulton. Dey, Clara E Springport. Eckardt, Vena M Wayland. Garnett, Salome Mobile, Ala. Gillett, Alvin Albion. Goodwin, Leo E Spring Grove. Granger, Kathryn Albion. Gustafson, Elin Mobile, Ala. YEAR BOOK 117 Name. Residence. Lovell, B. Ethel Menominee. Richardson, Harry A South Lyon. Wesbrook, Ethel Lowell. Wightman, E. Russell Saugatuck. PAINTING. Name. Residence. Anthony, Mabel Albion. Austin, Grace E Albion. Baldwin, Robert W Detroit. Bangs, M. Louise Lansing. Beach, King D Utica. Boiteau, Mary E Bay City. Bolster, Edith Albion. Brail, Kathleen Pulaski. Burns, Leona Albion. Croman, Inez D Grass Lake. Culver, Katherine H Albion. Day, Agnes A Bay City. Dewey, Leroy L Decatur. Farley, Fred L Battle Creek. Fuller, Inez L Springport. Gardner, Raymond „. . Albion. Gillett, Beula M Albion . Hoyt, Myron E Hartland. Hudnutt, Mary I Hanover. Hungerford, Ethel Albion. Husted, Roy E Flint. Kraus, Tilla I Lansing. Langworthy, Charles A Alpena. Mayne, E. Marie Charlevoix. Meinke, Ella A Detroit. Miller, Cleora Albion. Morse, Lillian Stanton. Parshall, Reuben C Reed City. Il8 ALBION COLLEGE Name. Residence. Reynolds, Vera Berrien Springs. Riddick, Harriet E Albion. Riddick. Mary T Albion. Stillman, Charles B Holland. Striker, Lewis Hastings. Towers, John Albion. Walker, Stella M St. Ignace. Wheeler, George R Shelby. Wilcox, Madge E Ludington. Yost, Jesse J Jackson. SCHOOL OF BUSINESS. GENERAL COURSE. Name. Residence. Ackley, Ina B Waldron. Archenbronn, Emanuel Munith. Bailey, Orla Albion. Bartell, Floyd E Concord. Bentley, Murray C Marshall. Black, Richard E St. Joseph. Bolen, Roy J Wolverine. Bossard, Elmer J Marshall. Brail, Theron A Concord. Brown, Hazel M Concord. Bucknell, Ella E Centerville. Button, Duvis Bloomingdale. Campbell, Richard C Iron Mountain. Choate, Joseph W Albion. Coates, William J Flint. Collar, Clarence J Lowell. Coller, Leon B Tecumseh. Crane, Edward R Menominee. Darling, Chester A Albion. Decker, Ira L Cadillac. YEAR BOOK 119 Name. Residence. Dobbs, Eugene Montgomery. Dunn, Wellington H Eckford. Eggert, Arthur J Millington. Ellerby, Harry Albion. Ericks, Oscar E St. Ignace. Evans, Ernest E Howard City. Folks, Arthur Pulaski. Gillett, Alvin E Albion. Goodwin, Leo E Spring Grove. Gregory, Lewis B Hillsdale. Hard, George W Marshall. Harrison, Walter H Bad Axe. Hendricks, Eva M Benton Harbor. Hoover, Macy S Albion. Holden, Herbert B McBain. Jenkins, Edward K Mason. King, Claire F Albion. Koon, Kate Grass Lake. Lamont, George R Albion. Layher, Karl C Marshall. Love, William J Merle Beach. Martin, Albert L Bronso. Martin, Morris Albion. McClatchey, Maud Harrisville. McClatchey, Irene M Harrisville. Mount, Fairy W Albion. Nickel, William F Au Sable. Odium, Wendell Whitehall. Penzotti, Henry Albion. Penzotti, Daniel Albion. Pierce, John L Albion. Pryor, Asa Mason. Rae, Jean Albion. Robinson, Gypsy M Albion. Rollins, Elizabeth E Albion. Shaw, Clifford H Bronson. 120 ALBION COLLEGE Name. Residence. Shield, Frank H Homer. Steffe, Nellie J Albion. Stephens, Mildred Lakeview. Strike, John J Porthleven, Eng. Striker, Lewis Hastings. Terbilcock, William E National Mine. Towers, John Albion. Warner, Arba Concord. Weidman, John S Weidman. Wilbur, Bert A Charlevoix. Whitney, Ella M Tekonsha. Wright, D. Bernard Schoolcraft. Young, Lena M Albion. SHORTHAND AND TYPEWRITING. Name. Residence. Ackley, Ina B Waldron. Anderson, Florence I Albion. Archenbronn, Emanuel Munith. Bateman, J. Clayton Galesburg. Beerstecher, Ernest Centerville. Beman, Floyd Albion. Brown, Hazel M Concord. Bucknell, Ella E Centerville. Button, Duvis Bloomingdale. Campbell, Richard C Iron Mountain. Choate, Joseph W Albion. Coller, Leon B Tecumseh. Coon, Ivah M Albion. Cortright, L Marshall. Crane, Edward R Menominee. Creager, Carl M Springport. Decker, Ira L Cadillac. Doolittle, Eva Albion. Durkee, Marion J Albion. Eggert, Arthur J Millington. Gildart, Emerson O Albion. Gillett, Alvin E Albion. YEAR BOOK 121 Name. Residence. Goodwin, Leo E Spring Grove. Gregory, Lewis B Hillsdale. Hard, George W Marshall. Hawks, Estus J Albion. Hendricks, Eva M Benton Harbor. Holden, Herbert B McBain. Hoover, Macy S Albion. Hunting, Wilbur C Kalamazoo. Kendrick, Carlotta Albion. Kimball, Guy W Albion. Lamont, George R Albion. Love, William J Merle Beach. Martin, Albert L Bronson. Martin, Morris Albion. McClatchey, Maud Harrisville. McClatchey, Irene M Harrisville. Milliman, Maude F Bath. Nickel, William F Au Sable. Pearce, Harry H Denton. Penzotti, Henry Albion. Prideaux, Ada Hillsdale. Rae, Jean Albion. Rathman, George A Cadillac. Rollins, Elizabeth E Albion. Shaw, Clifford H Bronson. Shield, Frank H Homer. Shuman, Bessie Albion. Steffe, Nellie J Albion. Stephens, Mildred Lakeview. Taylor, Bert W Allegan. VanDusen, Genevieve Eaton Rapids. Warner, Arba Concord. Whitney, Ella M Tekonsha. Wilbur, Bert A Charlevoix. Wiley, Rhena E Albion. Williamson, Belle Albion. Wright, D. Bernard Schoolcraft. Young, Lena M Albion. SUMMARY OF STUDENTS. COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS. Pursuing Post-Graduate Studies 34 Seniors 39 Juniors 34 Sophomores 61 Freshmen 66 234 PREPARATORY AND UNCLASSIFIED. In the several courses 74 CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC. Post-Graduate Students 4 Piano . 50 Pipe Organ 7 Harmony 34 Voice 48 Sight Singing 16 Violin 18 Orchestral Instruments 6 183 SCHOOL OF PAINTING. In all Classes 38 SCHOOL OF BUSINESS. General Course 69 Shorthand and Typewriting 60 129 Total by Departments 658 Deduct for recounting 184 Total 474 ALUMNI LIST. We had intended to include in this issue a complete list of our Alumni, but will make that list a special issue to appear as No. 4 of the Albion College Bulletin. It will be issued in August. UNIVEBSm OF ILLINOIS-URBAN 3 0112111952369