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Page 29 text:
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In 1913 the ground upon which Westwood now stands was covered with primeval forests of White and Sugar Pine, Fir and Cedar I imber, reoresented by this Dicture, which is a very fair representative view of this character of timber us it now stands in its virgin beauty.
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Page 28 text:
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weld, unless a large investment is made in apparatus to purify the gas before it is burned. There is almost no limit to the field in which this process of welding can be used. It is very true that under certain conditions it is cheaper to use the electric arc process, but this calls for a comparatively large in- vestment, far beyond the means of most small shops and garages. Thermit, also excels on very large pieces of work, where time is no particular object, as the results are somewhat more certain. However, it requires near- ly three days to make a weld with thermit, which the oxy-acetylene man could do in as many hours. An- other tremendous advantage is that a weld can be made, in many instances, without removing the pieces from its original position. This is very important, when the tie up of the machine in question ties up a considerable number of men. or holds up valuable production. One field which the various other methods of welding will never be able to successfully invade without great improvement in present methods, is in welding pipe lines, as this calls for a very portable outfit, and no other process is able to advance this claim for itself. It is possible to weld instead of screw up a pipe line in nearly the same length of time, and at far less cost; for if a threaded joint leaks, there is nothing to do but cut the pipe, run new threads, and put on a union all of which is no little job. as anyone who has tried it is well aware. A welded joint, on the other hand, if it is found to leak. can. in the great majority of cases, be stopped merely by the use of a center punch. If the leak is too serious to be handled in this manner all that is necessary is to go over that spot with the torch, and this can be done without removing the pipe from its original postion. A weld can be made in a vertical plane, or even directly overhead. Thus pipe can be rolled over and over by a wrench, and welds made di- rectly on top, which is the easiest and fastest position until the pipe gets too long and heavy, when the final 24 joints are put in without turning the pipe at all. Another important use of the process is that almost all kinds of metal can be welded, many of which can- not be attempted by the old time blacksmith forge. Among these are aluminum, copper, cast iron, and var- ious alloy steels. Hundreds of castings which would previously have been thrown away, are now being re- claimed, and castings which have blowholes in them are repaired instead of melting them up. Another field in which oxy-acetylene process is ab- solutely supreme in cutting. This is done by heating the metal to be cut. to a high heat, and then blowing pure oxygen against it. This unites with the iron form- ing iron oxido, which is blown out of the cut. Iron plates can be cut faster than a carpenter can cut the same thickness of wood. By means of it one can cut away portions of a piece of work, preparatory to weld • ing. Structural iron and steel can be cut, and this is very useful in scraping this material, in clearing away wrecks, and in all sorts of emergency work, such as where men are imprisoned under wreckage, as a bar can be cut in two without heating it more than throe inches either way. Thus a cut can be made very close to a man, who is caught, without burning him. Although with the further development of the elec- tric arc, it is bound to surplant the oxy-acetylene, par- ticulary in shop work and where the work can be brought to the machine, there is never the less a very broad field for the development of acetylene welding, as it is absolutely without peer in its special field. We may look for many developments in the process in the near future, as it is far from perfect, but a great deal of research work is being done all the time, and every year sees many valuable improvements, and a widening of tbe field of its usefulness. THEODORE WALKER.’19.
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