University of Maryland Baltimore Dental School - Mirror Yearbook (Baltimore, MD)

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ADMINISTRATION

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Chronology of the X-Ray (Cunfinncd from preceding page) May 10. Dr. Kells made the first use of a diagnostic wire in root-canal therapy. First automatic regulation tube. Crookes ' Tube with hollow platinum target devised. Platinum reflector added for use with heavy currents. Platinum circular target first used on Crookes ' Tube. 1907 Professor A. Cieszynski of Lwow, Poland, described an angle meter for measuring the chief ray in the per- pendicular plane. (Described by Dr. Raper in 1924). First rotary converter installed in Jefferson Hospital in Philadelphia. 1908 First application of ductile tungsten as a substitute for platinum in the target of the X-ray for controlling milliamperage of current by Dr. Coolidge of the General Electric Research Laboratory. Original dental films packet produced by Eastman Company. 1910 Formal education in Radiodontics was given in eight Dental Schools. One school had demonstrations by staff instructors. 1911 Dr. Howard Raper published the first series of articles on X-ray in Dental Itetm of Interest. 1912 Dr. Weston Price first suggested the use of a triple-coated film. 1913 First commercial handwrapped periapical dental X-ray film packet. 1913 Dr. W. D. Coolidge developed the hot-cathode X-ray tube, a new type of high-vacuum tube with a hot tungsten filament for the source of electrons. Dr. Cieszynski published the first handbook on roentgenology, in which he outlined both the intra-oral and the extra-oral techniques. (Copy of book sent to Dr. Raper). Dr. Howard Raper wrote the first textbook on roentgenology, established the first full-time course in a dental college and coined the word radiodontia. The Dental Education Council recommended 16 hours for Radiodontics. Mention was made of clinical as well as of theoretical study. Piffard Tube and Automatic Regulator produced. Occlusal, or bite, film first made. Development of the radiator-type of Coolidge Tube. Cossor Tube with automatic softening device and tin radiator for cooling anticathode. Mueller Tube with water-cooled anticathode and automatic softening device. Transformer Tube. Siemens Bulb with massive anticathode and osmosis softening device. Mueller Bulb with tong method of cooling anticathode. Duplitized extra-oral 5x7 film produced to obtain greater speed and contrast. 1920 A machine-wrapped periapical film packet placed on the market. Courses in Radiodontics given in forty schools. The remaining five schools did not offer any separate and distinct course. General Electric Research Laboratory announced the development of a shockproof dental X-ray unit, in which both the hot-cathode tube and the high-voltage transformer were oil immersed in the same metal container. 1921 Machine-made packet introduced. 1924 Dr. Howard R. Raper originated the intra-oral method of radiographing both upper and lower teeth on a single bite-wing film, known today as the interproximal X-ray examination. 1925 Introduction of safety base of cellulose acetate for dental X-ray film and intra-oral periapical radiatized film packet. 1926 Telephotograph, first Dental sciagraph, transmitted by wire from New York to Chicago. 1928 Dr. Clarence O. Simpson outlined the placement of X-ray packets in taking a full series. 1929 White film packets produced. 1930 Small periapical film for children, termed Number O, introduced. 193 5 The Curriculum Survey Committee recommended thirty-four hours of instruction in Radiodontics. 1938 Rapid-processing periapical film manufactured. 1940 All dental schools required students to know procedures involved in taking radiographs, from which diag- nostic interpretations must be made. 1941 Announcement of ultra-speed periapical dental film. 1945 Bite-wing film with radiatized emulsion introduced. 1946 Dr. George Karn outlined the precision placement of film packets, in detail, in taking a full series. 1915 1916 1917 1918

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Pfiesiaeni HARRY CLIFTON BYRD PRESIDENT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND evefin(}fi Hon. HERBERT R. O ' CONOR GOVERNOR OF THE STATE OF MARYLAND