THE ECHO Sea to the Isthmus of Suez, by caravan across that, and then by sea the rest of the way. Overland routes extended from Venice to all important inland cities. Ships went to northern Africa and to England. Her great advance- ment in social progress, was due to the growth and energy of her commer- cial population. Its regularity of government was a marvel for that time, when there was so much strife elsewhere. It was in Venice that the first public bank was organized, and bills of exchange were first negotiated. AI- though the advancement of civilization has taken from Venice the place of first city in the land, there is no doubt that had not the various trading lines chosen Venice for their terminus, it would never have been the city it once was. In the Roman Empire, commerce played a great part. It was mostly as a result of her successful wars that countries opened their ports to her. The commerce took on more of a form of tribute than trade, but nevertheless Rome was advanced socially by their imports. Throughout the Roman Em- pire, roads for commercial communication were built, so that all parts might be brought closer together and all benefited by the variety of knowledge. Besides the beneficial influence which Rome exercised over her conquered nations, she learned much from them. The inhabitants of the Greek cities which she conquered, practically carried on the commerce of the Empire. In this way social progress was influenced by both conquerers and con- quered. With the downfall of the Empire, the lack of public security caused a great contraction of commerce, as a part of general lapse into barbarism. This shows that the lapse into barbarism was caused, partially, by the failure of the government to back its commerce. The Mohammedan Conquest had more effect on the social progress of the West, coming as it did at a critical time, than any other one thing. It opened ways by which the knowledge of arts and sciences of the East, might be cultivated in the remote parts of the West, where civilization was almost destroyed by a succession of barbarian invasions. One of the important advances in social progress in the middle ages. was the formation of the Hansaetic League, by the German cities. The quality and extent of the progress of trade and arts was greatly widened by this league. The discovery of the American continents, and the formation of the East India Company, did much in the fifteenth century to advance civilization. When we come down to the nineteenth century, all the world has been explored, and all the world has attained a certain degree of social progress, some parts to a marked extent. The easy transportation of goods, both by land and sea, and the prompt means of communication, have thrown the world open to trade. Trade has shown the necessity for better transportation, and this in turn has spurred on invention. Trade makes competition between the nations, and as a result better education is desired. All over the world today, various governments are working for the social uplift of the people. [Page twenty-six]
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THE ECHO is edited and issued the second Wednesday of each month during the school year by the students of the Santa Rosa High School. Entered at the postoffice at Santa Rosa as second class mail matter. SUBSCRIPTION RATES: One Year, One Dollar. One Term, Fifty Cents. Single Copies, Fifteen Cents. Address all Communications to the Business Manager. THE STAFF DREN CALCU vanity saletenvs Editor-in-Chief Olivia: Smal thea oeses eae ak Josh Editor Mildred Wadsworth....Literary Editor Lester Smith........Business Manager Trances ADT... ces Ruth Anderson.... Ruth Dickeon..-. | Shirley Baxter..... fazel Devoto...... Emily Rued.. .,Asst. Josh Editors Margaret Hatch... ) Associate Editors Natalie Bruning... | Jesse Lingenfelter. | Norman McPeak... “esther Gilkey..... : Mary (COLGmMaM ...6d0650 cele ins School Notes Sterling Coulter... Chester Caseé.......... ......Mxchanges lelen Nagle........ .... Athletics, Girls’ Clarendon Anderson...Gov. Board Report Chauncey Peterson FRU OVVEL IN Ea 2 tarteesare: @ aie cnnittar eat Debating ; r....Athletics, Boys’ 3 John Mitchell.. EiCMel ELLIMAN ais erarc'snne cieein ware aA Mather Sinclai l West Mallory...... usther sSinciair... cP eee Asst. Bus. Manager Pe ee he omc oop. .-Art Staff Arthur Farnlof..... | : Oka Genzaboro.. | [Page twenty-eight]
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