Naval Training Center - Rudder Yearbook (Orlando, FL)

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The existence of such a large and potentially hostile foreign naval force must again be evaluated in our equation of sea power, just as it was during the years preceding World VVar II. The Navy is concerned not only with its basic mission of national se- curity, but also with all other national interests in the ocean. Certainly one of the most important national interests in the ocean is its use for maritime commerce which has been growing at unprecedented rates. As maritime commerce knits the free world into a unified economic complex, new types of demands will be placed upon marine transport. Defense of sea lines of communication and protection of ocean shipping are traditional tasks of naval power, and these tasks will increase as the volume and importance of maritime commerce increase. A second area of national interest that is growing and changing dra- matically now lies in the way man looks at the ocean. He is increasingly turning to the sea for new uses: food and fresh water, for minerals and energy, perhaps for a key to weather control, perhaps, even, for living space. Already about 167: of world petroleum comes from beneath the seabed and all of the magnesium used by the United States comes from the sea. And with all this, the total resources of the ocean have scarcely been tapped. V Certainly man will continue and even accelerate his move to utilize the ocean. But there are three important points to keep in mind in con- sidering this prospect: First, as man moves into the ocean, he is not mov- ing into some alien extraterrestrial space. He is extending and expand- ing the area of his present world. Second, the knowledge and technolo- gy gained by the Navy will contribute to and accelerate this expansion into the ocean. And third, national activities in the ocean will constitute new national interests within the Navyis operating environment. It ap- pears certain that new Navy missions, new Navy tasks, and new Navy capabilities will develop. ' In summary, the United States Navy today is engaged in implement- ing our nationis interests through sea power. And sea power means many things. It means security for the ocean commerce that is the very life blood of our free economy, and, security for our homeland against attack on the sea or from the sea. For the United States sea power also means the ability to control up to seventy percent of the earthis surface when our national interests require. Sea power - an instrument of national policy so vital to the freedom of the United States and the free world. The very survival of our nation may well depend upon itl Phantom Jets Fly In Formation Combat Information Center ' .LJ . ' ...f 1 ., -5 V -wa. . . -, .ra I 1 AV.-'IA V41 .1.f-g- f , , 4 ,..,. .4 ,., A-lg.. T -.,.,,m M . ,, , M. 1 1,1 .4 mm' . Wf 2' in , . f-3 , yn..V.-1v,,.w. M'-+s,.... ' -Ia ,-'T' , . ,Q . . ' 1. ix 6 ' 1- ,nw -, 1, ' - Operation Deep Freeze - ...ya K f... 4. , ' -141 ' ' og Q ,K s7m4:1 ::7rfr'2iffff ff W'r'r 'f-f r ' r m-Warn an-1 r rn'fr'r ' NM r' WN - M-'-'M -re .. I L 'EfT:'.:..' 1- 'u :xv -f V V I '- Q-131, LM f P4v7..,ri:..F Ilfff' 1 . . T21 sg? -i f'f',Q- 1-I ' A1 1 v, n ffiigg. if g.:,.-wifi ' ff,-r-M 1 . , :-:ss 1-Q,-, . . k ur Q. . , I 'H iff' . ,, J ' si., ,W ., i I S. . 1 Y -M, l ' . . l ai 1.2555 . ff ,e g fm-M., i j.. .Ef., Lf A I 'f1-sz., e-t-' 35? y, , wi t'te g. , .f-famv-x' V 4 kv I g 4 g 'i I Maud. u ' Q e '2-.tllf J ' e ' f:I?i'5, S JN lrl' - -1 'S I l l is ci'F, tiig!-'Y ' . ,Ria g 5 Li

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,,. 'Fi.'f1..r. .. . Hi, i' ,QWYYM 3' 'Li' M A -41- ,,. .wpe- .,. 51 ima- Y ,,M,-Y-'.., Battleship New Jersey Engages In Shore Bombardment if i Polaris Missile Is Fired From Sub These are the forces which have reacted to crises around the world many times since World War II. It was no accident that fleet forces were ready and close to the scene when crises occurred. It is the busi- ness of the fleet to use the freedom of the seas to be where it is needed, when it is needed and with the force that is needed. This then is the reason that all required instruments of sea power could be assembled so rapidly at the outbreak of hostilities in Vietnam - the fleet was ready: tai For continuous air operations over the entire theater: fbi To provide naval gunfire for bombardment and for support of forces ashore: fc? To isolate the battlefield from enemy support by sea through use of an ocean blockade: ldl To carry the war to the enemy in a new way in the waterways of the MeKong Deltag fel To land and to maintain about 80,000 Marines in the critical I Corps area on the northem edge of South Vietnam: ffl And ready to transport millions of tons of cargo and equipment and thousands of men across 7,000 miles of sealanes for the support of all United States and Free World forces engaged in Vietnam. These are inherent capabilities of sea power. In action, they breathe life into such words as mobility, flexibility, and versatility. In the years following World War II, our Navy stood unchallenged in its ability to use and to control the sea. The second largest power in the world today, the Soviet Union, was essentially a land power then. Her naval forces were oriented toward defense of her shores and support of her land forces. This was largely true, in fact. as recently as 1958. Since then, however, the Soviet Union has made a massive investment in her navy and her merchant marine and has re-established her fleet marine force. The result is that today the Soviet Union is a major sea power in the full meaning of the term. In addition to a fleet of about 350 modem submarines, the largest sin- gle submarine force the world has ever known. Soviet oceanographic and intelligence ships roam the seas of the world for scientific knowl- edge that is so necessary for operation of global sea power. The surface fleet of the Soviet Navy is also growing in power and in its capability to conduct sustained operations far from home waters. as evidenced by the regular appearance of major Soviet fleet units in the Mediterranean. Her cruisers and destroyers have been equipped with modem missile systems. Her fleet now has an amphibious capability. which includes two carrier type ships for the operation of helicopters. And the merchant marine of the USSR is now the sixth largest in the world. and one of the most modern.

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,Z THE A UNITED STATES NAVAL HERITAGE i l 1 I i 1 1 I w w Bon Homme Richard vs.-Serapis - 23 September 1779 From the days of wooden sailing ships with black-powder guns to today's nuclear powered combatants armed with missiles and jet air- craft, the heritage of our modem Navy has been established by coura- geous and dedicated seafaring men. Their individual maritime achieve- ments are woven into a brilliant tapestry of collective accomplishments which have made the United States Navy the vital instrument of nation- al defense that it is today. To john Paul Jones went the honor of first hoisting the Stars and Stripes over an American man-of-war, the USS RANGER, and of first receiving a national salute in Quiberon Bay on February 14, 1778, from France. In command of BONHOMME RICHARD he defeated and cap- tured the British man-of-war SERAPIS off Flamborough Head, giving our Navy its famous retort to an invitation to surrender 1 have not yet begun to fight. With such inspiration thousands of American sailors have followed in his wake, making individual courage the collective spirit of our Navy. Commodore Edward Preble likewise filled his officers and men with esprit and fighting courage. Some of Preble's boys became the great leaders of the War of 1812, Stephen Decatur, Iames Lawrence, and Thomas MacDonough. Perry swept the British sea power off Lake Erie. Hull and Bainbridge in CONSTITUTION, along with Decatur in UNITED STATES, established American naval power on the high seas during the first year of the War of 1812. As our nation grew in stature in the world family, so did our naval of- ficers grow in stature as diplomats. Typical of their exploits were Com- modore Matthew Calbraith Perry's negotiations with the Emperor of japan in 1853-54. A twww i if NP' nr. 1' , V -1 '-ar i' 15 'Inna 'f