Nappanee High School - Napanet Yearbook (Nappanee, IN)

Text from Pages 1 - 94 of the 1912 volume:

JJrrfarr 'jis presenting “Tin Senior” to our readers we have endeavored to make it representative of the school life of to-day and to show the varied activities of the High School that mean so much for nobler manhood and womanhood. In an age so intensely practical and alxnmding in opportunity the High School has lost much of its stereotype form and conveys a broader intelligence than is found in a text book. The physical, social and moral influences all combine to lit the student for the arduous struggle that awaits him in the world’s activities. “Far better never to have lived than not to live well,” and we hope that this memento of the Class of Nineteen Hundred and Twelve will add its mite toward inducing more of our lx ys and girls to complete the High School course. We would not be just to ourselves did we forget to express our appreciation of those who have so kindly contributed in making our “Annual” a success. Especial mention is due Mrs. C. F. Miller of the English Department of the High School, Henry Maust, ’13, our cartoonist, and to G. N. Murray, our publisher who so kindly aided us by criticism and suggestion anti has been untiring in his efforts for the success of the publication. We bespeak for “The Senior your kindliest consideration and trust that the time spent in reading it will not l e without its recompense of pleasure and profit. DOUGLASS WOOD MILLER, Editor. 3 Annual Editor-in-chief ..DOI-GLASS WOOD MILLER First assistant editor . _ BURTON METZLER Second assistant editor MILLER ULINE Business Manager ...HARRY RICKERT First assistant manager HARRY IFFERT Second assistant manager ...GALEN ROOSE Subscription Manager CIIAUNCEY DUKER 4 NAI’I’ANKK SCHOOL Hl'ILDINOS ahr Nappmtrr Public rhnula J Tappanek is justly proud of her public schools. We doubt if a bet- ter organization could be found in the State when we consider the school equipment. The present building was erected in 1878, and a few years later, four rooms were added to it, then the three-room building for the primary grades was built, and to-day the school board is trying to determine where to put the children next year. Nappaneehas had good,strong men at the head of her schools. Among the earlier superintendents were: I). M. Best, 1878-1880: Win. Holde-man, 1880-1882: II. F. Frazier, 1882-1887; C. W. Kinney, 1887-1880; B. F. Deahl, 1889-1893: I. W. Lucia, 1893-1895: F. T. Atkinson, 1805. In 1895 Dr. S. W. Baer was elected superintendent. I Hiring his administration the four-year High School course was organized, and the school was commissioned by the State Board of Education in 1898: the first class was graduated the same year. Dr. Baer resigned in 1905, and Chas. F. Miller, the present incumbent, assumed control of the schools. Under Supt. Miller’s supervision the schools have experienced a steady growth both in numbers and efficiency. The High School enrollment has more than doubled in the last six years: the course of study has been strengthened and made to conform with the best High Schools of the State. Music and drawing have been made a part of the course of study in both the grades and High School. Commercial geography, commercial arithmetic, chemistry, and solid geometry, have been added to the High School course. Manual training has been introduced in the grades, and when we secure our new school building this feature of school work will be especially emphasized. 6 Snarii uf fc uratum X. A. Lhuman, President 7 II. E. Corpus, Treasurer Dr. W. A. Price, Secretary jinn accompanying likeness is no less a personage than Henry Howard Maust, the scribe whose cartoons have greatly contributed to make the annual one of tlie most artistic literary productions of the modern age. Like Jed, in George Barr Mc-Cutcheon’s, “The Slier rods,” Henry is an indefatigable toiler—in art. not of tlie soil. Besides drawing pictures lie frequently draws his breath, and can. when forced by circumstances, hoe corn and potatoes—if you don't believe the latter ask his father. IIis one hope, after having established his reputation as an illustrator, is to settle down with some pretty little girl to a quiet and peaceful life. 8 Nappaupr iSiyli £ rljunl 3Far«lti| Mrs. C. F. Miller. English. Irvin Duker, Mathematics. Orville E. J isciikr, Prin., Science and Latin. 9 Klara Kolbe. German and Music. Bessie Brown Drawing. draiur (Class 1912 President.... V ice-Pres i dent Treasurer.... SecRETary.... OFFICERS ............... CHAUNCEY DUKER ... HARRY RICKERT ....................ETHEL GWIN ................BESSIE ANGLIN MOTTO “ UTILIZE ENTHUSIASM ” COLORS MAROON AND WHITE FLOWER AMERICAN BEAUTY ROSE YELLS Rickety Rus, Rackety Ru! We yell, we yell for I and 2, Halla. Kazak! Kazak! Kazoo! 1912 all the way thru! Lieblich und lustlge, Brave und brustige Groszest im Kunstige, Neun zehn Zwolf! Re-Cor-Da-Ra Annum-M-M-I) C-L-X-Y I-A-U-C 10 jtiiAUNCKY Uukkk. president of the class, was horn a few miles southeast Of Nappanee, Feb. 27, 18! 3. He entered this class in the sixth grade and has been a faithful member ever since. Chauncey took a very prominent part in the contest with Wakarusa last year. He is a good debater and is also good in all his studies. Has an excellent bass voice. He plays the leading role in “A Rival by Request.1' Has always taken a leading part in class alTairs. He will probably continue his education at Goshen College. A t’GUST .JO, 1804, brought the sunshiny face of Ethel Gwin to view at Brookston, Ind She moved here with her parents in 1902. on a farm just one mile south of town. She entered the third grade and has been with us ever since. She. being our faithful class treasurer and historian, deserves great merit. jCarkv Rickkkt. our business man, was born at Xappanee, Sept. 14, ™ 1893, and has been with the class all the way through. lie plays several instruments and sings well. • Peely” is vice-president of the class, business manager of the “Senior” and manager of the baseball team. 11 jnixsuo Anglin was bom Feb. 2, 189 ), at Nappanee. Our tiny, but mighty secretary, deserves note as one of the best students in the class. She is also one of tlie youngest. Bessie thinks Nappanee is the best place so that is why she has always lived here and attended school here, all the twelve years of study. We are proud of her. Will give the salutatory address at Commencement. jjttiLLEK I’line, our mathematician, was born at Nappanee, Oct. 17, 1893. He divided his time during the common schools between Nappanee and Berrien Springs, Mich. His first year of High School was spent at Argos, Ind. Since then he has remained with us. Miller is one of the best students in the class, being especially strong in mathematics and science. |Tkack Slagle was tx rn on Jan. 27, 1894, at Bolivar. Mo. When she was four years old she moved to Nappanee and ever since has made it her home. She has attended the entire course of her schooling in the Nappanee schools. 13 jjARVEY W. Frederick was born .Ian. 18, 1892, at tlie pretty ? country home where he now lives. He has driven 5$ miles to school each day uncomplainingly, and no matter how bad the roads are he never objects to staying after school to practice for a program or play or basket-ball game. lie expects to teach and will probably take a teacher's training course this summer. fTAURiK Hlkssino was born on the 13th of .1 uly, 1892, one and three- U' fourths miles north and west of Xappanee. The tirst eight years of her school days were spent at Locke. Then she came to High School at Nappanee. One would think she would grow weary of her walking back and forth once a day, but she thought enough of the class of 1912 to be one of its members. Walters, our dramatic artist, was born June 18, 1892. He did not enter this class until the sixth grade had been reached. He plays the piano, clarinet and flute well, and has an excellent lyric tenor. His dramatic training in Chicago, together with his natural talent, enables him to play his role in ‘Mrs. Compton's Manager” to perfection. In a few years we expect to see Kay’s name on posters and electric sign-boards in our leading theatrical centers. 15 JjfJiLDA E. Price was born .Ian. 2f , 1894, at Indianapolis, Ind. She came to Nappanee when a mere babe and has lived here ever since. She has been a faithful member of the class of 1912, having been with them all the twelve years. She will finish her education in college. Douglass Wood Miller, the youngest member of our class, was born .1 uly 7, 1895, at Greencastle, Ind. Entered the class in the sixth grade, coming here from North Manchester. Has ranked especially high in his classes and is one of the speakers on whom 1912‘s debating fame rests. In addition to his troubles as editor of “The Senior,” he plays the “Manager” in “Mrs. Compton’s Manager.” He will continue his education at some university. Class valedictorian. nttiDA Hossler was born Macrh 18, 1893, at Nappanee. She coin'll menced and completed her schooling in the Nappanee schools. She expects to finish her education in college specializing in chemistry. We look for great things from Vida. 17 ATALKN Roose was born near Wakarusa on the first day of the year 1892. He entered first year High School with the class of ’12. but spent his junior year at Wakarusa. He returned, however, this year. Galen is noted for his ability to debate and to play ba,sket-ball. being captain of the team this year. He expects to begin teaching immediately and w ill take his normal work this summer. JpTHKL M. Frederick was born Dec. 23, 1892, in the country five and one-half miles northeast of Nappanee. She attended the (enter School six years and then the Strycker School for a short time. Since then she has been one of our number. With the exception of a few days on account of bad weather, Ethel has been very regular in attendance these four years. JrlALPH Miller, our famous equestrian, born at Nappanee, June Its, 1893, is one of the few charter members of the class. “Percy” is not a very noisy boy and does not go in for athletics, but contents himself with working hard at his studies and consequently always having good grades. 19 jTIlaxciie Freese was born on April 17, 1894, in Nappanee. She ™ has completed her common school branches and High School course in Nappanee, always making tine grades and ranking high in her class. Being our honorable prophetess we expect wonderful things from Blanche. She will continue her education in college and complete the course of music in which we wish her great success. jpowKLL Emerson Tkrwilligkr was born at Nappanee. June 7, � 1893. During the first years of his High School course, he devoted a great deal of his time to photography, but lately he lias taken up wireless telegraphy. He has constructed a receivitig station and is able to receive messages from long distances. A t Warsaw, in the fall of 1893, the morning of Nov. 19th, witnessed the advent of Vera M. Fetro. She has been with usonly apart of this year. Her father’s pastoral duties have caused their moving around to many different cities. We are glad she has decided to finish her High School course with us. Vera came here from Bourbon, Ind., in the fall of 1911, at which place she attended the tiist three years of High School. 21 JgAimv Iffert, the biggest man in the class, was bom in the country, alxmt six miles northeast of Nappanee, on May 3, 1893. He has been with us throughout our High School career. Harry’s fame lies in his ability as a public speaker and athlete. He played guard on the basket-ball team and is captain of the baseball team this spring. He expects to enter Chicago University. A daii Plank was born on May 17, 1893, at Goshen, Ind. When she was 2 years old she moved to Nappanee. She has received all her schooling at Nappanee, with the exception of the sixth grade. She lived at Warsaw one year and attended school there during that year, but we were glad to get her back again. Jgfuton Mktzlkr was horn near Nappanee. .Ian. 20. 1894. He later lived at Kossville, Ind., and took his first year High School work there. He is the hardest worker in the class and also our greatest “Physicist. Burton will certainly succeed in any line of work he may care to take up. rrtAHKL Sloat was kx)rii on March 20, 1 93, at Nappanee, Ind. has heen faithful to her school duties in all its branches, lias attended the Nappanee Public Schools exclusively. She She TfVkLrn Frazier, born at Nappanee, Nov. 13,1803, is one of the best VX musicians in the class. He sings well, plays the violin excellently and is master of several other instruments. Is a member of the Nappanee Band. “ Buff” has never had a very great desire for study, although he likes(V) history very much. Ralph plays the title role in “A Rival by Request.” 25 3ln Hbmariam T3 OLLIE NEWCOMER d BORN FEB. A. 189 2 DIED JAN. 1911 •P 94 2( “ A Rival by Request”.......................................... April 25 Junior-Senior Reception....................................... April 26 “Mrs. Compton’s Manager” _.................................... May 2 School Exhibit.........................................................May 3 Baccalaureate Address......................................... May 5 Commencement Exercises.................. . May lo ffiarralanrratp Program Sunday Evening, May 5, Auditoiuum 7:30 Hymn................................................. “ Coronation ” invocation........................................... Rev. L. E. Smith “ Gloria”-.................................................... Mozart High School Chorus Scripture Reading..................................... Rev. W. II. Fetro “The Lord is Great ............. _ .VendeDolm High School ('horns Baccalaureate Address................................ Rev. Sila ( ales Hymn....................................... ... “America” Benediction (Eonmu'umm'ut program I i iday Evening, May 10, Auditoiuum March (frcll68t ra “Morning Invitation”............................................. Vea .ie High School Chorus Invocation............................. . Rev. Jesse Dunn “Revel of the Leaves”...... ....................................... Veazie High School Chorus Salutatory...................................... ... Bessie Anglin M usic........................................................ Selected Orchestra Address .............................................. O. L. Kiplinger Music...................................................... Selected Orchestra Valedictory...................................... Douglass Wood Miller •• forget Me Not Irlese N. II. S. Ladies’ Octette Presentation of Diplomas................ . _Supt. Charles Franklin .Miller Music.................................................. . Selected Orchestra 8:00 o’clock Music furnished by Mattes Orchestra, South Bend 27 A iRiual bg IRrgufflt A COMEDY IN THREE ACTS ¥ PRESENTED BY TMK SENIOR CLASS OK MM2. AT ACDITORICM APRIL 25, 1912 CAST OF CHARACTERS Walter Pierson, a young1 bachelor..... Winthrop Smythe, his friend.... .. ..... Robert Burnett, a retired business man Benjamin Briggs, a retired farmer. Lord Albert Anthony McMullin, Smythe’s friend Alexander Muggins, Smythe’s servant Mrs. Burnett, wife of Robert Burnett Margaret Burnett, her daughter ............. Mrs. Briggs, wife of Benjamin Brjggs_ . Eliza Briggs, her daughter . ......... ..... Mrs. Chatterton. house-keeper at the “Cosmopole” SCENES ACTS 1 and II—The sitting-room of Walter Pierson’s apartments in the “Cosmopole” New York. ACT III The sitting-room of Pierson’s apartments in the “St. George” New York. TIME ACT 1 Morning. ACT II Afternoon. ACT 111 Morning of following day. ........Chauncey Duker Ralph Miller .... ... Galen Roose Lowell Terwilliger Harry Rickert Ralph Frazier Vida Mossier ...........Grace Slagle Blanche Freese . Bessie Anglin ............ Adah Plank REVIEW OF PLOT Walter Pierson, a young and influential American bachelor, due to a miscarriage of the mails, was convinced that Margaret Burnett had forgotten him while traveling through Europe. So with no real reason at all Walter has proposed to the uncultured Briggs girl whom he cares nothing for, and at Margaret’s return he is confronted with the embarrassing fact that he is engaged to two girls, he immediately decides to change his quarters. A friend, Mr. Smythe, calls and requests that Walter entertain a guest, Lord A. A. McMullin, while he makes a week’s trip to Kalamazoo. Mr. Smythe also promises to send around M uggins, his valet, to assist Walter in his packing. Mr. Smythe presents Lord McMullin and Muggins, each with a letter of introduction, but they are most awkwardly exchanged and so Muggins receives the one intended for Lord McMullin, while the lord gets the other. Pierson, believing Muggins to be the lord, decides to rid himself of Eliza by forcing her upon the disguised servant. Muggins receives even exaggerated hospitality, while the righteous indignation that Lord McMullin shows over his reception would provoke a hearty laugh from the least inclined. Thus, the action rises: Muggins pursues his love-making, hut Lord McMullin has the better of the servant in that respect. Mr. Smythe’s untimely return prevents a duel l etween Pierson and the indignant lord: mistakes are acknowledged: pardons granted: McMullin and Muggins each return to their respective stations. Muggins is forced to admit that he has been Mr. Pierson’s rival, but insists that it was only “by request.” But much of the merriment would l e omitted had the four parents of Margaret and Eliza not been entered: the howling Mrs. Briggs and her hen-pecked husband, and the vicious Mr. Burnett, who contrasts strongly with his timid wife: this combination of comedians surely form a quartette of laugh-getters. Ralph Frazier. 2 “ iHra. (Cnmptnn’H ittanagrr” A COMEDY IN THREE ACTS BY HARRY O. OSGOOD A rippling, roaring, rollicking, “ripper 5 Full of fun, folly and f ncy frills. f PRESENTED BY THE SENIOR CLASS, NAPPANEE HIGH SCHOOL AT THE AUDITORIUM, MAY 2, 1912 CHARACTERS (IN THE ORDER OF THEIR APPEARANCE) Elpliron Vartrav, a landscape gardener............ Douglass W. Miller James Heaton, an architect..........................Harvey W. Frederick Leonard Barring, Mrs. Compton’s nephew..................Ray E. Walters Jackson, butler at “Fairthorn. ......................... Miller Uline Ethel Durand, a cousin to Mrs. Compton ...................Hilda E. Price Margaret Roswell, her friend ......................... Ethel Pearl Gwin Mrs. McGiilion, house-keeper at “Fairthorn”................. Mabel Sloat Frederick Lowell, Bishop of Hoboken........................ Harry ItTert Marie Demarque, an actress. ....................... Ethel M. Frederick Watkins, a farm hand.................................. Burton Metzler Mrs. Helen Compton, a widow.... Vera Fetro Williams, maid......................................... .Carrie Blessing Tompkins, butler..................................... Burton Metzler SYNOPSIS OF SCENES ACT 1, Scene I—The sitting-room at “Fairthorn,” Mrs. Compton's summer house. Curtain rises, disclosing Vartrav and Heaton. After a moment Barring comes in. “Town? I should rather say so: say, you don't know how beastly dull I am here.”—“If it wasn’t for those confounded jewels of Mrs. Compton’s in the tin safe there, 1 shouldn’t worry at all.” “Thank goodness we are here: I can't conceive, anyway, why Mrs. Compton should have asked you to come down ahead to open the house, when the servants could do it just as well.”—“She hasn't said anything direct: in fact, she hasn’t even mentioned his name to me, but tells me of her ‘dear nephew’ and ‘dearest.’ ” Scene 2—Midnight the same night. “H’m, this must be Mrs. Compton’s private pigeon-hole, the only one with a lock.” “Hands up, if you please.”— ‘But I am the-----” ACT 11___The same room. “Oh, didn’t you hear? I said Ethel quite dis tinctly, may I not? Such old friends, you know.”—“My dear Miss Demarque.” “Most unfair, Mrs. Compton. Mr. Vartrav accuses Jackson of---.’’—“Tell me how have you liked my nephew? ’—“Dear Aunt Nellie, so glad to see you back again.” -“Now, that you’ve seen everything my dear Bishop, what do you think of the improvements I have had made?”- “I say, where is Jackson?’ ACT III The reception-room at Mrs. Compton’s town house.”—“There there isn't any chair between us r-ow, is there Ethel?”—“Oh, I’ve just got a wire saying that they’ve nabbed him in Kansas City. “I don’t see, Bobby, but what I’m driven to it, now for the Bishop.”—“My wife, dear Aunt Nellie.” “Bishop, 1 may he considerable of a duffer at business, but when it comes to the social song, Pin high tenor from the start. —“Loving couples scattered all over the stage, and the curtain ready to go down to blissful strains. ’ Ray E. Walters. 29 (Tlaaa $npm VIDA HOSSLKR Thirty-one little Freshies All so very sturdy: One little Freshie broke away, Then there were thirty. Thirty little Freshies, All so smart and tine, Another Freside flew away, Then there were twenty-nine. And so on down as here you see, We have dwindled since nineteen eight, And there are left but twenty-three. When now we graduate. The largest class that N. II. S. Has ever yet set free, And the smartest you may also guess, These sturdy twenty-three. Twelve lads and eleven lasses, Who are true to Blue and White, They are stars in their classes And make a const el lation bright. In all the branches of the school, We all have done our best. And tried to follow every rule And succeeded like the rest. In science, geom. and algebra; In language and history classes, You will not find them every day, Such brainy lads and lasses. Twenty-three “high-brow” Seniors, They have studied so, Soon they’ll have their “sheep-skins,” Then they forth will go. 30 (Hass iHifitnrtj ETHEL PKAUL GW IN JTTiik class of 1912 is one of the largest and most w talented cl .sses that has ever entered N. H. S. We were cheered by the other students as we entered the assembly-room coming from the eighth grade. They thought they could cheer us because they had gone through the ordeal before. The teachers were very proud of our large, industrious class, which consisted of thirty-one pupils. We soon showed them our talents, especially in Germane?) and latin(?). We were very shy during the first year, but as the time passed the shyness wore oil and the other students could see what we could do. The first year soon passed and the students who lived in the country could rest from their tiresome journeys every morning and evening. After a very few months of vacation, the time had come to l e-gin our school work again, but this time we occupied the seats of the honorable Sophomores. All of our class did not return as we had hoped. Some of them had gone to some other city, or preferred farming to an education: but w hat remained were welcomed back by the teachers of the previous year, with the exception of the German teacher w ho was new and unacquainted with us, hut who soon found out our wonderful talents in the German language. Now came the time to take up ancient history, w hich was entirely a new subject to us. The first half of the term was soon over and the examinations passed successfully. We then took up the more difficult study of geometry. We also found German a little more intelligible. About the middle of this term we organized the class and the officers chosen have successfully tilled their otlices. The American Beauty rose was selected as our class flower and maroon and white were chosen as our colors. Our motto is: “Utilize Enthusiasm ” The first year at commencement time we were compelled to take the first rows in the balcony of the auditorium, but now we were given one of the lx)xes. This we decorated beautifully in our class colors and flowers. ()ur numbers could be seen in maroon and white lights on the front of the box. We also had a great number of class yells which could he heard everywhere. Soon another vacation had passed away and we became .1 uniors. The students were now older and showed their talents in music as well as in their studies. This they showed in the programs given by the Juniors and Seniors. During our third year of school we were busy and worked steadily on. We were IxKhered some by the closing of the schools on account of dangerous diseases and the burning of the belfry: but we soon made up the lost time and were working again. In this year our class showed its talent in debating. When debates were held in the school, the 1912 debaters were always “on top.” The debating team that defeated Wakarusa High School was made up entirely of T2 students. After a few months we prepared to give a reception for the Seniors. This was given at the home of Harry Kickert, our vice-president. The house was decorated beautifully in our colors, maroon and white, and with American Beauty roses. After the reception it was soon time to take the examinations again. These were parsed successfully. Most of the students were now tired of school and anxious to be free for a few months. But they were as anxious to go again w hen the time came. In the second year we lost one of our students, but he returned in the last year to graduate with us. We also have another student w ho has joined us this year. Our Senior year has been a very social one. We have had pleasant sleigh-rides in the country and also class parties in town. Nevertheless we have worked hard and have accomplished much more than any former Senior class, in presenting two plays and putting out the largest annual ever published by any Nappanee Senior class. You say our history is rather uneventful? Yes, but the very fact that it has been uneventful, means that instead of making class history, we have spent our High School days in building a tirm foundation for after years. For it is then that a class history means something to the world. I f a history of this class should be written twenty years from now, it would be seen that we have made much from these four seemingly uneventful years, for the class 1912 has always believed that— “When duty whispers low 4thou must’ The jouth replies, 41 can.’ ” 31 tJrnjihrnj nf (flann nf 1912 BLANCHE FREESE We all will go on our way, Each seeking a different path; “Each using as best he may The talent which lie hath.” Chauncey, the president of the class Will he employed in a hank, And by his effort to surpass, Hise to extraordinary rank. Actor of our class is Ray, Very talented is lie, And a star in any play Will most certainly he. On an electric sign-board nn ill flicker A name well known to you, That of Harry Rickert, for trade he does not have to dicker, For he manufactures the “ Nip” shoe. Adah, the plank of the class, And a very bright lass, A most excellent teacher will be In the High School at Nappanee. Vida soon w ill break home ties: She may not long among us linger, For soon beneath Italian skies, She’ll be wedded to a singer. Carrie, a blessing w herever she goes, Surely sent to this world to brighten life, Will soon, as everylx dy knows, Become a Canadian farmer’s wife. Ethel Gw in’s future romance, Which reads like a song, Will lead her to France, Where she'll marry ere long. Douglass M., our “ little giant” in debate, When he attorney-general gets to be The interests of IJ. S. A. w ill clearly see, And send the trusts to meet their fate. Ralph Frazier, a contractor, Will be the main factor In building the new school-house at Nappanee In the year twenty-three hundred and twenty-three. Ethel Frederick will become a nurse, And although she’ll many a patient ’tend. Not one will become worse For she such skillful aid w ill lend. Grace Slagle will become one of the suffragettes, And w ill also give talks against cigarettes. Some day she’ll drop us each a note To let us know that she can vote. A surgeon to be is Galen Roose: Very famous will he become, For he never was a goose, And his fees will be a goodly sum. 32 In nineteen twenty-two, That he may teach heathen souls to rise, Ralph Miller will cross the ocean blue And swelter ’neath the Indian skies. Mabel Sloat will follow a business career, And, rising year by year, She will have a good name, And iinally scale the heights of fame. Burton will win many an auto race, lie will break every record; For he will set a fast pace: And his career will indeed be checkered. Lowell will continue his wireless experiments, For practice, some instruments lie rents, Then he will get a job on a battleship, And over the sea lie'll skip. Harvey will be a civil engineer; Some day he'll win fame. He will build a railroad a year, And a very high place can claim. Harry Itfert will be an aviator, And sail thru the air so high. He will also lie an inventor, And we shall praise him to the sky. Miller will be a merchant of truth, Because honesty was his policy in youth: And from this virtue trade he'll win, From all the traders coming in. To African shores will Vera go, To brighten that region of darkness and woe, And great good there will she do, In teaching the heathen the right to pursue. Hilda will go away, No one knows how long she'll sta ; But one day when she has returned, She’ll say she only for Lowell yearned. Bessie will become an actress, And win fame in spite of distress. But her career soon will end, When she finds that 44one” dear friend. And for myself alone, 1 a six-cylinder will own, And will set awful paces To qualify myself for races. These lines tell the story of their careers, Who faithfully learned to delve For knowledge in their good old High School years, The class of nineteen hundred twelve. N.H___MORAL TO THE PUBLIC “Lives of great men all remind us, We can make our lives sublime, And departing leave l ehind us, Foot-prints on the sands of time. ’ 33 Editor. (Class BESSIE ANGLIN AND HILDA PRICE Tune—“Love’s Old Sweet Song.” Once in the dear old year of 1908. One and thirty Freshies resolved ne’er to he late. Eager for learning and for fun as well, Always in their places at the stroke of the hell. But the next year a few resolved to leave, And how the news of this our hearts did grieve. Our class has lessened eacli new' year, you see. For now our mein hers number only twenty-three. But we’re not discouraged, for we’re the largest class, That from the N. II. S. did pass. You’ll miss us then, for what are you to do Without the mighty class of ‘2:i (skidoo). CHORUS We’re the sturdy Seniois of the N. II. S., Always up and moving: Always at our best. Tho’ we’re seldom noisy, We’ll be missed when gone. And all the other classes will wish for our song, Our dear old sweet song. M 3mtuir (Class Reading left to right, top row—Orville Hscher, Lucile ITline, Samuel Sharp, Lester Gentzhorn, Quincey Brown. Second row Ivan Ilartsough, Lola Feldman, Bertha Welty, Clara Walters, Murray Ipe, Herbert Alexander. Third row Wilma Miller, Hazel Snyder, Frieda Brice, Stella Dunn. Clarence Holloway. Newton Kensinger. Fourth row—Lloyd Johnson, Henry Maust, Milo Bartholomew, Melvin Miller. OFFICERS President- LLOVI) JOHNSON Vice-President—HENRY MAUST Treasurer—LESTER GENTZHORN Secretary—BERTH A WELTY Skrgeant-at-Arms—SAMUEL SIIARP CO LORS F LO W ER Green and White White Rose CLASS YELL Z u rzen e! Zu rzene! Thirteen! Thirteen! Zickelty! Zackelty! Pride of the Faculty ! Zis, Boom, Bene! Class ’13 35 Ilnninr ftitfitnry I1KINRICII VON ltllM’ATII ?Tiik one event which will without probability hold the most important place in the history of all humanity, is the entrance into the High School of the class of 1913. During the summer of 1909, Supt. Miller made a notable invasion of Nappanee, Locke, Gravelton and Ilepton, convicting many young souls to the cause of education. September 13th dates that memorable event. With mouths agape, Sophomores, Juniors, teachers and all marveled at the vast multitude as it streamed into the assembly room. After the teachers had recovered from their amazement, a census was taken and the population of the Freshmen class was found to be 34. a larger class than had ever entered the N. II. S. Supt. Miller, seeing exceptional talent and genius in the class, put the Freshmen in a separate room, where special pains and care could be exercised in their development. To give the history of the Freshmen period in full would involve endless detail and repetition of accounts of wars and crusades against latin, German and algebra. Therefore, it w ill sutliee to say that by the end of the first year the class had laid aside its barbaric manners and custom and had adopted thoseof the more(V) civilized Sophomores. Juniors and Seniors. During the second year the latin division of the class, under the leadership of Principal A. E. Jeffrey, successfully chased Ca sar through Gaul, while the Germans amused themselves reading household stories and fairy tales. In the forepart of the term a constitution was drawn up. a system of taxation established, and Lloyd Johnson elected president, Oct. 30, 1910. At the beginning of the second semester the class laid siege to geometry, which bravely resisted, but after having overlapped the Junior year by four months, surrendered to its master minds. By the beginningof the Junior year the population of the class had decreased to twenty-four. After months of untiring research, historians have been unable to find a definite cause for this decrease. Although losing in number, the class had by this time become a factor of significance in the Nappanee High School. The most notable event of this year is the banishment of “Shrimp” Glen St i I Ison. Glen, on account of his ideas concerning geometry failing to coincide with thoseof his instructor, raised a rebellion. Soon, by the pacification of Miller, the two were reconciled. But not for long. After several more revolts and peace treaties, he was finally exiled. Another event deserving special mention is the inter-class basket-ball game w hich took place Friday evening. March 8. 1912. The Juniors having defeated the Sophomores and the Seniors challenging the remainder of the school to a game, the combined forces of the Sophomores, Juniors and Freshmen inflicted upon the Seniors an overwhelming defeat. The Junior heroes. Johnson and Sharp, were accorded a triumph, the like of w hich has not been seen since t he days of ancient Home. The comparative peace which has reigned from the banishment of “Shrimp” to the present time has been especially favorable to the upspring-ing of science, literature and art. In the world of science the names of Melvin Miller, Murray Ipe an I Lester Gentzhorn stand pre-eminent. The latter has also attained remarkable success in the literary field, being well read in the advertising literature of every automobile company in existence. Little development has been marie in art, though H. Howard Maust is now capable of drawing anything but a salary. The social life of the class must not be forgotten Delightful parties, entertainments that will long be remembered in the social life of the white race, were given by Quincy Brown. Frieda Price, Lloyd Johnson and several others. One glimpse into the future, it can reasonably be expected judging the future from the past, that centuries hence, the public gazing into the hall of fame and children |M ring over the histories of ancient times, w ill find therein the names of many of the illustrious members of the class of 1913. f 36 “When the great sun begins his state.” (Class nf 1914 Reading from left to right, top row Frank Defrees, Thomas flossier, Irvin Stump. Second row Lowell Roose, Noble Hollar, Horace Hartman, OraStrycker, Geo. Warner, ( lay ton Weber. Third row__Addie Wisler, Jessie Dunn. Bernice Lehman, Beulah Biehl, Gertrude Sheets, Lillie Bless- ing. Ruth Strycker, Siebe Brunsma Fourth row Lucile Teeter, Ursula Silberg, Lucile Yarian, Marie Burbach, Blanche Blosser, Ivy MoneyhefTer. Fifth row Andrew Nold, Edith Weiss, Mario Berger, Madge Roose, Grace Parcell, Forest Nickler, Fern Smelt .er. OFFICERS President NOBLE W. HOLLAR Treasurer FOREST NICKLER Secretary JESSIE DUNN colors flower Ash and Old Rose La France Rose MOTTO Labor omnia vincit Lat or conquers all things The Jolly Sophomores cThr Jin I hi S’nphnmnrpH B. L. AND B. B. k auk the greatest class ever in the good old N. H. S. The old assembly has held many wonderful classes, hut never one like ours. Even the sedate Seniors look up to us as sources of superior knowledge and wisdom. The teachers care-worn and harassed by the stupidity and dullness of the other classes, always brighten when they have the refreshing pleasure of being with us as we grasp their every thought, for has it not often been said that ‘ great minds run in the same channels?” We have always been orderly and obedient(?) and have never broken a rule(?). Such a wonderful fount of knowledge as class -14 most certainly is, has to be made up of a number of atoms and these atoms are in the shape of intelligent appearing students, thirty in number. To begin with there is Frank “and a little child shall lead them.” Edith is a quiet little soul who loves to listen to the others recite. Although fond of sleighing parties, Fern never neglects her lessons, but always prepares them ahead. Next is Andrew, who is not so loyal to his own class as he might be: he seems to think more of the Juniors. Then there is Lucile Yarian, who cares not for the society of man(?), but loves tranquil solitude ). George is our famous basso. He has been recently taking lessons (by mail of course)of Caruso. Mario, the genius of class 14, never fails to make exemptions in any subject. Lucile Teeter, our basket-ball enthusiast can scarcely wait until she finds out if the girls can organize a team. Blanche would he a good student were she not such a lover of mathematics, for she neglects other lessons to prepare her geomet ry. She is also a very quiet(?) person in school. Madge is a very well behaved child in school. Indeed, she scarcely ever whispers and always has her lessons, especially latin, prepared to perfec-. tion. Marie, our golden (?) haired lassie, is one of cla«s‘14’s most faithful members, although she does not enjoy riding home from class parties on a hay-rack when it is raining. Clayton is fond of writing themes. There are only two things which worry him; one that he fears to run out of topics, the other that a certain rural school is so far from him. Kuth will in time become our star singer. Her grades in music are always between 98 and 100 per cent. Addie loves to deal in map-l ooks: simply ask her how many she keeps in her desk. Bernice is a genius at drawing. In fact, Miss Brown thinks of sending her latest painting (entitled “Piggy at the Sty”) to the prize drawing contest, for she thinks that Bernice has chances of winning the trip to Europe. Lowell likes to be driver for our part ies — , but does not like going after wagons when the sleighing is too bad to use the sled. Ora is like Lillie, for he dearly loves his German grammar. Indeed, he often takes it along with him to parties in order to study on the way. Forest, our able treasurer, is of a very quiet nature. lie spends most of his timestudying and will never allow himself to neglectit for anything else. Horace is the start of everything “When pleasure and duty clash. Let duty go to smash.” Beulah seems to have a mania for stationery. It is surprising at the number of empty boxes which the janitor finds in the waste-basket. Jessie always has her lessons. She studies and studies, but nevertheless she is always Dunn Although little in stature, Seabie is great in mind. The only fault we can find in her is that •she talks so loudly in history class. Gertrude is bright in everything, but as with Bernice, drawing is her specialty. Ursula’s fidelity is well known throughout the school Only once to her class great surprise was it known to have been violated, when she suddenly changed her mind. Ivy is of a kindly disposition, often giving up toothers what should belong to herself. Surely her motto is “Do unto others as you would he done by.” Ervin is a conscientious person. In modern minds he ranks as high as the father of our country who never told a lie. Lillie is our staunch German student. She loves to exercise her ability in speaking this language, especially as this happens to be leap year. Grace is the most contented of us all. She always is able to smooth out any wrinkle which may arise in the class. Last, but far from being least, is our austere president, Noble Hollar, who is all that his name implies. The rest of the history of this illustrious class remains yet to be determined. In the two years to come, we will astonish tlie classes following us as we already have those ahead of us. ( We are sorry if this reflection hurts the eyes of any other class.) 40 ‘‘Gee, it‘s hot! Wish’t this patch was done ” 1 (Elaas nf 1915 Left to right, first row Pearl Masters, Dora Mitschelen, Rosa Mitschelen, NaomiKoontz, IdaStahly. Second row Roy Slagle, Kenneth Whiteman, John Metzler, Lowell Rlosser, Edgar Meyers, Harvey Becknell. Third row Mary Parks, Marie Anglin, Hilda Walters, Lydia Zentz, Cleo Rensberger, Pauline Teeter, Leonore Burgener, Clarence Branson. Fourth row Hazel Miller, Mary Rector, Hope Anglin, Gale Arnott, Tansy Housouer, Wilma Ter-williger, Rieta Keller, Hazel Gwin, Herschel Stackhouse, Elmer Voder. Fifth (last) row Treva Anglin, Joe Kaufman, Beatrice Gentzhorn, Merle Mishler, Vernon Wagner, W. E. Coppes, Roy Fox, Donald II. Stoops, Frank Thomas. CLASS OFFICERS President—JOHN METZLER Secretary—WARD E. COPPES Treasurer—HAZEL MILLER Srrgt-at-Arms FRANK THOMAS, MERLE MISHLER • CLASS COLORS CLA8S FLOWER Pink and Green Pink Rose THE FRESHMEN The present Freshmen class is the largest that ever entered N. II. S., in fact, when they met in convention assembled on the first day of school the “wise ones” of the High School thought that it would be necessary to seat a few of the “babes” on the fire escape. They were all successfully seated, however, in the “nursery,” which is under charge of Irvin Duker. The yearlings, are indeed, a lusty bunch of infants, but the only surprising thing that they have thus far l een able to accomplish, is the effecting of a temporary organization in their first year. They are the first to organize in N. II. 8. before the middle of the second year. We are very proud of the “ kiddies ' for so far they have shown that they have a great deal of ability and are made out of “the right kind of stuff.” 43 “Home after commencement excercises.” ICttrrarii Dryartmntt Lillis mtft MILLER UL1NE TThe history of silos and silage dates back alx)ut fifty years. It is generally thought they originated in France, the term silo being French for pit. Experiments were made in the (iO’s to preserve forage in silos and these led Goffort to publishing the first work on silos and silage. The first article to appear on this subject in America was published in the American Agriculturist at about the same time. The first silos were very crude, being merely holes in the ground. Into these the fodder or beet leaves were dumped. This was then covered with a layer of dirt and was sometimes weighted with stones. This led to the more modern forms, as a large part of the feed spoiled in this manner. There now is one common shape of silo, the round: with an occasional octagonal and square. The round has been the last to appear but has stood the test of time, it is especially desirable as this shape can withstand a greater pressure and there are no corners, which are to be avoided its they admit air, and silage which comes in contact with air spoils. Round wooden silos are known as “Wisconsin silos,” as Prof. King of the Wisconsin Experiment Station first advocated their use. They are now built of several materials. The most common of these are the wooden silo of the stave type, the concrete and the tile. These different constructions vary greatly in their cost and properties. The tile is the latest model to appear but is very expensive when compared with the stave. There are but few essentials to a good silo but these are important. It should be air tight; the walls must be smooth, so as to allow' the silage to settle: and it should he of such size that enough silage is removed from the top every day to prevent moulding. Silage, the product of the silo, is formed by confining in the silo or an air tight chamber cut feed w hich contains a large percentage of water. When corn is alx ut ready to be shocked it is cut into pieces from one-fourth to three-fourths inches long and packed into the silo. The fodder undergoes a process of fermentation. The woody portion of the corn plant becomes soft and much carbon dioxide is liberated. After the action has ceased the product is silage and is ready to he fed to the animal. Many different plants may be made into silage. Resides corn the most important silage crop, clover, alfalfa, beet leaves, cow peas, sorghum, and soy beans are used. These minor crops however have not proved as satisfactory as corn for ensilage, and are not greatly relished by the animals. The one thing w hich has helped the most to bring the silo into general use is its economic value. The state experiment stations have found by actual test that but sixty-five percent of the corn plant is consumed as food w hen corn is harvested in the usual manner. When made into silage five percent of the corn plant is wasted in the process of fermentation. The remaining ninty-five percent is good succulent feed. Thus the silo causes a saving of thirty percent of the corn crop. Besides this saving of the corn much valuable time and money is saved in handling the crop. The corn can be taken from the field and put into the silo for alxnit fifty cents per ton. When not made into ensilage the corn must he cut, shocked, and husked. This takes much more time and is also more expensive. Silage is a great milk producer. Without silage the amount of milk is greatly diminished during the winter and the dry summer months when there is no good pasture land. If a farmer has silage to feed the milch cows during these periods he has a green food that keeps up the flow of milk. As to the effect of ensilage on milk there are different opinions. Some declare that it gives an undesirable odor and taste to milk: others say it imparts a desirable taste to the milk: still others see no effect at all. In a test at the Illinois Experiment Station over three hundred people tasted of two kinds of milk, one kind being produced by silage fed cows, the other by cows fed with hay and grain. Over sixty percent of these persons without knowledge of the feed used thought the silage made milk the better. Silage is used greatly for fattening cattle. There are two reasons for this: the silage enables them to gain in weight rapidly and the fat animal brings the highest market price. When silage is fed for fattening purposes it is usually combined with a small quantity of hay, grain, and cotton seed meal in order to secure a balanced ration. About forty pounds of silage are fed daily per animal. This combination of feed causes the animal to gain from two to three pounds each day. Silage has a beneficial effect on cattle. It keeps the system in good working order at all times. Other animals besides cattle are fed on silage. It is a good food for horses in quantities not to exceed fifteen pounds daily. In many instances horses are wintered on a mixture of silage and straw. Silage is good lor sheep and quite frequently silos are erected merely for sheep feeding. It is also used quite extensively for feeding hogs 48 and poultry. It gives the poultry a green food in winter time and consequently the egg production is increased when eggs are high priced. D. Clem Deaver, emigration expert of the Burlington Route, has appealed to the farmers to build silos, and in this matter add to their income. He said on one occasion: “Think of it. Sane, sensible men by the hundreds and by the thousands- are working hard almost the year round raising and caring for a highly valuable crop, and then deliberately wasting from thirty percent to forty percent of the gross results of their labor. It’s the corn crop. And at that they are making a good, solid bunch of prolits. It’s hard to believe, but it’s true. There is no other business on the face of the earth that will give a profit after wasting thirty or forty percent of the possible income but corn raising will.” ehr (Eruaafos BURTON MKTZLKll TThe crusades were a series of religious wars undertaken for the purpose of delivering the Holy Land from the infidel, and were so named from the cross which was worn as a badge by those who devoted themselves to the enterprise. From age to age the idea had been grow ing that nothing could conduce more to the soul’s health than a visit to the holy places in Palestine. The Christians who had followed the journeyings of the former god Phoebus from his birthplace in Delos to his final home at Delphi, might now w ith feelings immeasurably deeper, move from place to place noted in the gospel narratives, until the pilgrimage begun at the grotto in Bethlehem, ended on the Mount of Ascension. Thus the whole of Palestine became sacred soil to the Christian. He regarded its cities, its hills and valleys, its lakes and streams with reverence and sacred awe and was anxious that they should not be harmed or defiled. But in 107b Palestine was captured by the Mohammedan Turks, w ho subjected the Christian pilgrims to insult and even massacre, and profaned their sanctuaries and holy places. This re-|H rt was carried to Europe and it aroused the anger of the Christians. Peter, the Hermit, with his heart on tire because of tiie cruelties he had seen inflicted on the pilgrims in Jerusalem, traversed the country and urged the people to take up arms against the Turks. Pope Urban preached the same thing. By the influence of these men. and others, a band of crusaders numbering about b,000,000 was organized. The most important leaders were Godfrey of Bullion, Robert, Count of Flanders, Raymond, Count of Toulouse, and Tailored. Before the main body of the army was ready to start, a multitude of impatient men and women, headed by Peter, the Hermit and Walter, the Penniless, set out for Palestine. When Constantinople was reached, only about 7,ooo remained, the rest having succumbed to the hardshipsof the long journey. They crossed the Bosporus and were immediately led into a trap set for them by the Turks. A heap of bones alone remained to tell their fate. The main body was more successful than their predecessors. Marching southward from Constantinople toward Jerusalem, they captured each city as they came to it. and killed the infidels. Finally the company came in view of the Holy City. At sight of the distant walls and towers they fell on their knees in an outburst of thankfulness. The remaining part of the journey was performed with uncovered heads and bare feet. After a severe siege the city fell into their hands and the slaughter of the Turks began. So terrible was the carnage which followed that the horses of the crusaders waded knee-deep in the stream of blood. This occurred in the evening. On the next day the scene was repeated, only on a larger scale. When the Christians had finished their work of destruction, they compelled the Turkish prisoners to clean and wash the streets. A government was set up and the country organized into a kingdom, called the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem. Godfrey was made king, although he would not adopt that title and the royal crown and vestments in the city where his Master had worn a crown of thorns. Many of the crusaders now considered their vow to deliver the Holy Land fulfilled, and returned home. In 1144, Edessa, an outpost of the Latin Kingdom, fell into the hands of the Turks and the Christians were slaughtered. The people in the West were now thrown into a state of the greatest alarm lest the entire kingdom should fall. As a result, another crusade was brought al out. Louis V 11 of France, and Conrad 111. emperor of Germany, were among those who entered the crusade at the head of an army. The forces took different routes to Palestine, but they intended to meet at Edessa. After many hardships and losses, the remnants of tlie t wo armies met at the appointed place but were too weak to attack the city, so they turned their attention to Damascus and laid siege to it. They were unsuccessful and returned home, “having accomplished all that 49 God willed and the people of the country permitted.” The failure of this crusade was attributed to tlie sinfulness of those participating in it. It was thought that none but innocent hands could rescue the Holy Land. For this reason, the children's crusade was made. The most important preacher of the crusade was a peasant lad, Stephen, about 12 years of age. Under his persuasions, the children flocked to the places of rendezvous. Between 20,000 and 40.000 German children crossed the Alps and marched down the coast of Italy. They looked for a miraculous passage through the sea and were very much disappointed when one did not appear. When they reached Rome the Pope persuaded them to give up the enterprise. The French children gathered at Marsailles, and were also disappointed when the sea did not open for them. However, some merchants of the place agreed to carry them over the sea in their ships. They were crowded into live small ships and the voyage began. They had not gone far until they discovered that they were t eing carried into slavery. The merchants, although apparently kind, had seen in these children an op|M rtunity for gaining wealth, and had sold them as slaves and were now transporting them to their masters. Some of the children escaped this fate, for two of the ships were wrecked. The Turks were gradually gaining ground in Palestine, and finally Jerusalem itself fell into their hands. This event caused the greatest consternation and grief throughout all Christendom. Frederick Barbarossaoi Germany, Philip Augustus of France, and Richard I of England, assumed the cross and set out, each at the headof an army, to again rescue the Holy Land. In the course of the journey, Frederick was drowned while attempting to cross a swollen stream. Most of his disheartened followers returned home. This left the French and English forces to carry on the crusade alone. They joined their forces at Acre which the Christians were then l esieging and finally captured the city. After this Richard fought with Saladin. king of the Turks for about two years. At the end of this time, Richard forced his opponent to draw up a treaty which gave the Christians control of part of the coast and permitted them to go about freely in Palestine. The fourth crusade was composed largely of unscrupulous adventurers. They met at Venice, and made the journey by sea. It was pro|K sed that this crusade should right certain alleged wrongs of the imperial family at Byzantium, and the Venetians, seeing in this an opportunity for furthering their trade in the Black sea region, took care that it should he launched in that direction. They captured Constantinople, and destroyed the numerous pieces of art with which it was tilled. For nine centuries the city had been the chief place of safe deposit for the treasures of art and statuary of the ancient world, and now these were given over to the plunderer. They set up a government called the Latin Kingdom of Constantinople, which lasted about one half a cent ury. Besides the crusades already mentioned, there were several minor ones, but they did not accomplish anything of importance, and were not characterized by the zeal of 11 le former ones. The crusading spirit had gradually died out. It could not help but do this when such tilings as the children’s crusade and the fourth crusades oc-ou rred. The crusades failed to accomplish the end for which they were created, but they brought atxmt much more important results. Men’s minds were broadened by coming in contact with new peoples, and new nations. Poets and others interested in literature, found in the crusades many heroes and deedsof valor, which they could weave intostories. They brought the learning and art of the Orient to the Europeans, and thus encouraged them to develop along those lines. Every one should think highly of the crusades for one reason, at least they helped very much to bring about that great intellectual revival, the Renaissance. 9 Jfrtrftridi mm rlitllrr HILDA K. PRICK Among the writers of the concluding part of the last century there is none more deserving of our notice than Friedrich Schiller. Distinguished alike for tlie splendor of his intellectual faculties and the elevation of his tastes and feelings, the reputation which he enjoys and lias merited, excites our attention the more on considering the circumstances under which it was acquired. Schiller had peculiar ditliculties to strive with and his success lias likewise been peculiar. Much of his life was deformed by inquietude and disease and it terminated at middle age, yet his writings are remarkable for their extent and variety as well as their intrinsic excellence, and ids own country-men are not ids only or perhaps his principle admirers. It is difficult to collect and interpret the general voice; but the World no less than Germany seems to have dlgru- tied him with the reputation of a classic: to have enrolled him among that select number whose works belong not wholly to any age or nation, but who are claimed as instructors by the great family of mankind. With these words Carlyle opens the tirst English biography of Schiller, 1825. The lapse of time since then, while it has greatly increased our knowledge of Schiller's writings and of his life, has only confirmed and extended his fame. Schiller, the German poet, was born at Mar-bach in Wurtemberg, November LO, 1759. His fa her was adjutant captain in ihe army of the duke of Wurtemberg and was later appointed to the superintendence of the public grounds of the duke's country palace “Solitude,” in which service he continued till his death, 17(59. He was a man of strong native sense and great energy; somewhat austere in temper, yet he was tenderly devoted to his family. His mother was, by nature, cheerful and warm hearted with much native taste and sensibility. She was married at the age of sixteen and yet she grew into strong and gentle womanhood, full of simple charm and wisdom. She lived till 1802, the object of the poet's affectionate care. He was the only son and inherited her poetic sensibility as well as her blonde hair and soft blue eyes. During the father's absence in the army the care of the family fell much upon her alone, and the mother’s sweet yet controlling influence left deepest traces upon the mind and heart of her gifted son. Schiller’s earliest education was at the village of Lorch, w here Parson Moser was tutor. Later he entered the public school at Ludwigsburg. Pnder the influence of Moser and doubtless of his pious parents, the boy early chose the clerical profession. In 1773 his father was influenced by the duke to enter ids son in the military academy. Here at the age of fourteen, the young Schiller sorrowfully begins the study of law which hedoes not like. In 1775 now at Suttgart he is permitted to substitute the medical profession w hich he dislikes a heartily as the law. In 1780 he was appointed regimental surgeon on a meagre salary. He did not seem to be satisfied and as the instincts of his own genius revealed themselves, he began in secret to cherish other aspirations. When he could sie .e the opportunity, he devoted his time to dramatic reading. He dreams of authorship and writes passionate poems, and above all he conceives anti begins “The Robbers.” This piece of literature was published at the author’s expense in 1781. It fell upon the European countries like a thunder bolt. Carlyle says: “The publications of ‘The Robbers’ forms an era in the literary history of the world. It is the production of a strong untutored spirit grappling darkly with the phantoms to which its own imprisoned energy gives being.” The effect of “The Robbers” was deep and widespread. In spite of some criticism by the people at large, it still remains not only the most remarkable work of its author but the most extraordinary ever conceived by a school l� oy and completed by a youth of twenty-two. Ry request he changed the play in certain particulars so as to adapt it to the stage. In January 1782 with immense success it was performed at Mannheim, Schiller himself being present, incognito: because he not being able to obtain leave of absence to go out of the limits of the state, he left his regiment without permission, saw his piece performed and returned with the deepest conviction of the unfitness of his present situation for his talents, particularly as the duke had asked him after the publication of “The Robbers” to show him all his poetical productions and upon his refusal had prohibited him from publishing anything more except medical works. But upon a second visit to Mannheim to witness the performance of his piece he was discovered and placed under arrest, and while in this state he formed the plan of his “Kabale and Liebe” and conceived the idea of his “Conspiracy of Fiasco.” In 1782 he escaped from Stuttgart and went under the assumed name of Dr. Ritter to Bauerbach where he finished the two plays preceding. The sojourn at Bauerbach was destined also to be in other respects influential upon Schiller’s life. In 1783 he returned to Mannheim and became poet to the theatre and conceived the idea of “Maria Stuart” and “Don Carlos.” A little later he founded a literary journal, “Die Rheinische Thalia,” in which he published his first act of “Don Carlos. Cpon request he read this act in the presence of duke Karl August of Weimar and he won the favor of the duke and received the title “Counsellor of the court of Weimar. But his life here at Mannheim was growing irksome and he longed fora change. With his departure from Mannheim 1785 is usually dated the end of the tirst period of Schiller's life—a period of hard struggle. Soon Schiller went to Weimar where he was received in a friendly manner by Wieland and Herder. Goethe was at this time absent in Italy, but upon his return Schiller did not seem to like him at first, and he feels that they can never come any nearer together. He devoted himself to study and work here. At this time he made several Greek and Latin translations and also w rote a few historical works such as a “History of the Thirty Years War” and “Revolt of the Netherlands.” On the latter rests his fame as a historian. At this time in his life came severe sickness. After his recovery he never was as well as before. However, with improving health he pushed forward his drama “Wallenstein. the poetic result of 51 his studies of the Thirty Years’ War. The so called second period of his life now concluding 1785-94, had been rich in study, thought, self-culture, philosophy, and helpful intercourse. Schiller from this time on became more intimate with Goethe which created a life long friendship. Their correspondence is among the treasures of literature. From 1799 on, he lived at Weimar and soon after appeared “Wallenstein’s Tod” in which Schiller's genius reached perhaps its highest point of grandeur and imaginative power. The great success determined him to devote himself henceforth to dramatic composition. After Schiller completed “Wallenstein’s Tod” he began to feel the need of some new dramatic art. He could not decide exactly what he ought to undertake. Accordingly he wrote Goethe asking advice. Historical material had been a source of difficulty and he inclined towards a subject of his own invention. Afterward he said that he ought to choose only historical subjects; freely invented ones would be dangerous to him. From this standpoint the history of Mary Stuart afforded the poet a suitable subject, and he determined to make Mary, Queen of the Scots, the heroine of this story. “Maria Stuart” is classed as a dramatic tragedy. It was started in 1799 and completed in May 1800. The act is a masterpiece of exposition and arouses the keenest interest in Mary’s fate. Mary’s character as portrayed throughout the drama is that of purity, and in her judgment of everything she considers well before deciding and does as she feels is her very best. Influenced by Bothwell and as a sovereign she consented to the murder of Darnley whose rude treatment had changed her love for him into bitter hatred. I n consequence of her act she was deposed from her throne and driven from her kingdom. Although this guilt deserves death, she regards it as vengeance and still hopes to escape. She now becomes at-tracted to Leicester who believes he can save her and when she comes face to face with death it is her nobler nature that prevails. Schiller characterizes Elizabeth as his “royal hypocrite because the more lie elevated Mary the more detestable he had to represent her rival. She is portrayed as being possessed of a cold intellectual nature. She is easily incited to jealousy and vanity. She has a very bitter hatred toward Mary and yet she wishes to hold the favor of her people. She is very st ern, resolute and determined in everything she desides and undertakes. The tragedy was at once successful upon the German stage and still remains a popular favorite. It has been repeatedly translated and is frequently presented l oth in England and America. There are several important quotations in “Maria Stuart” of which these are two: “Dem Himmel gilt den feurig fromme Wunch statt des Vollbringens, Tyrannenmacht kann nur die Hande fesseln: Des Herzens Andacht hebt sich frei zu Gott Das Wort ist tot, der Glaube macht lebendig.” “Wo zwei versammelt sind in meinem Namen, I)a bin ich gegenwartig unter ihnen.” A more romantic and freer theme he next found in Die .Jungfrau von Orleans 1801 In which portraiture of the inspired maid half history, half mystery—offered the most congenial tield to his idealizing imagination. This was one of the most successful as it is one of the most beautiful of his plays. Schiller’s aim is to show the triumphant victory of .loan’s idealism and at her appearance we accept her supernatural power and her heavenly visions as natural and proper to bring out in dramatic action the spiritual enthusiasm that inspired her and her followers. In 1804 he prod need his great drama, “Wilhelm Tell,” the most popular; perhaps the greatest of his works in which he again brings forth that love of liberty which had been his earliest inspiration. Schiller had now reached the summit of his fame and of his powers. His person and manners had matured with his mind and character. Schiller was loved and honored by all who knew him, but especially by those who knew him best. It seemed now as if a life of assured fame and prosperity was opened up before him, but the disease that had so long preyed upon his strength now renewed its attacks. After a visit at Berlin, the illness became more severe and at last hisover-worked strength failed, and on the 9th of May 1805, after a struggle of suffering he expired, in the forty-sixth year of his age. His friend, H. Grimm wrote soon after his death: “What might he not have become, if God had allowed him a larger space of life to develop all the germs that slumbered in his noble heart!” In conclusion we quote again from Carlyle: “Schiller is the poet of truth, he exalts and inspires, but does not mislead. We not only admire, we trust and love him. He was an apostle of the Sublime and Beautiful, whose inspirations constantly maintained the noblest temper in his soul. For him literature includes w hatever speaks to our immortal part, and is the mirror of all that is spiritual and exalted. His influence has been deep and universal and bids fair to be abiding: for such nobleness of heart and soul, shadowed forth in beautiful emblems, in an everlasting treasure.” There is not a doubt but that Schiller’s life was pure and blameless, and remembering the early age at which he died we can not but marvel at the greatness and brilliancy of his achievements as a poet and scholar. 52 ICifr nf (Charlpfl fltrkrns GHAI'NC'BY 1)1' K Eli iiarlhs dickens, the greatest of Victorian novelists, was the oldest son and second child of John and Elizabeth Dickens. He was lorn in 1812 at Lamport, Hampshire, England. His father was far from a successful financial manager. It was easier for him to harangue his large family of ten than to obtain for them a sufficient amount of food. Nevertheless he was not a harsh, cruel man, but a kind well-intentioned man, l eing, in fact, a prototype of his son’s famous character, Mr. Micawber. At the timeof Dickens’birth and until he was two years of age his father was a clerk in the navy pay office at Lamport. But as he was a shiftless man he, in 1814, moved his family to London and two years later to Chatham. Here they remained until 1821. During the time that Dickens lived at this place he with his favorite sister, Fanny, attended day school. Their tutor was Mr. William Giles, an excellent instructor. In this neighlx rhood many incidents happened which so impressed Dickens that in later life he placed them in imperishable novels. When Charles was nine years old his father quit his job at Chatham because his wages had been reduced, and moved back to London. After reaching London he found his affairs had not been bettered by the change. For many years they were in deep poverty. Mrs. Dickens attempted to help support the family by running a Young Girls’ Academy hut never got farther than the stage of placing a large brass sign on the front door, advertising the academy. At last, John Dickens was consigned to the Marshalsea Prison for debtors so well described in ‘‘Little Dorrit.” 11 is wife and children, excepting Charles, lived with him. Charles was doomed to assist in supporting the family. Through the inti uence of a relative he was placed to work in a stove-blacking warehouse at a sixpence a week. These surroundings were decidedly uncongenial to Charles and in later life he generally was careful in avoiding reference to this period. Only twice was he known to refer to it. Once he related the circumstances to his friend and biographer, Foster, and again he recopied them in David Coppertield’s unhappiness. Because of a disagreement between his employer and his father he was removed from this place and placed in school. While at the Wellington House Academy a literary society was formed. In this society Dickens developed a remarkable talent for retelling the stories of a budding story teller. After leaving this academy he attended another school fora short time, ending his schooling at the age of fifteen. During the year following his removal from school he worked in the office of a solicitor. He here obtained the legal know ledge which later in life he put to such good use in his books. He also studied shorthand while here and after mastering it became reporter for the Doctor’s Commons. He next attempted to go on the stage, having since a boy a very strong liking for this work; but the attempt failed and in 18.11 he became reporter for the ‘‘True Sun” with which he remained three years. After quitting this paper he became connected with the “Morning Chronicle,” the leading Whig journal of the day. It has been said of him that during these years, “his reports were both accurate and racy, even though they happened to be written in the pouring rain, in a shaking stage coach, or by the light of a lantern.” He said of himself in an unboast-ful way that he was the best and most rapid reporter ever known. Dickens published his first individual work in 1833 under the title of “Mr Mims and His Cousins,” and a year later began to publish articles in the “Evening Magazine” under the pen name of “Roz,” a name which he derived from his own early pronounciation of “Moses.” In 1830 they had become so numerous that he gathered and published them in two volumes which were illustrated by Cruikshank. He was greatly encouraged by their success and started to publish in the “Evening Chronicle” the “Adventures of Mr. Pickwick.” At first this story attracted very little attention, hut when he introduced “Sam Weller,” the most humorous character in literature, their success was unparalleled. The middle class of people, who up to this time had never been noticed in literature, had at last found an exponent. Just after the publication of the first number of the “Pickwick Papers” Dickens married Miss Catherine Hogarth, the daughter of the editor of the “Evening Chronicle.” His married life was not as successful as his career, nor similar to that of Hawthorne’s. He had many disagreements with his wife and at last in 1858 he separated from her as a result of incompatibility. He now became an author in earnest, publishing between this time and his visit to America in 1842 four good novels and a large number of short stories. The novels were “Oliver Twist,” (1837) his first attempt in the direction of social reform: “Nicholas Nickleby,” (1837) an effort to expose and reform the cruelties of the cheap boarding school masters of Yorkshire: “The Old Curiosity Shop,” (1838, wherein he depicts child life and child thought in a way which has only been 53 equalled by his own “David Coppertield” and by George Eliot; and finally “Barnaby Budge,'9 (1839) bis first and only (with the exception of “The Tale of Two Cities”) effort to describe the past. It contains many strong characters and interesting scenes, but is far inferior to the latter novel in plot. As a result of his visit to the United States in 1842 “American Notes for General Circulation” and “Martin Chuzzlewit” appeared. In the former he displeased the Americans by showing bis disgust for their lack of true Democratic feeling and their favorable attitude toward slavery, an institution which he abhorred. The latter story is probably second only to “Pickwick Papers” for humor. Following this display of his animal spirits, they declined, having already lasted longer than in the ordinary author. He made another excursion abroad in 1844, but this time he remained on the continent, living there for the next three years. In 1848 be for the first time wrote a novel dealing with aristocratic life. “Dombey and Son’’ was also his first effort at the biographical style of writing and he found it so successful that during the two following years he wrote “David Coppertield ' in the same style. This story is considered by most of his readers as his masterpiece and as one of the mas- terpieces of literature. It is in a measure autobiographical as many of the incidents connected with “David Coppertield” are Dickens’ own childhood experiences. Childhood impulses are probably shown in this better than in any other novel in the literary world. During the next seven years he published t hree stories of about equal rank; “Bleak House” (1832-3), often criticized because of the caricature of Dickens’ friend, Leigh Hunt. “Hard Times,” an attack on the political economy of the time and “Little Dorrit” (1856-57) directed against the debtors’ prisons. Dickens had from youth loved a certain house on Canterbury road known as Gad’s Hill. This place he purchased in 1856 and, with theexception of bis visit to America in 1867. lived there the remainder of his days. His life at Gad’s Hill was not one of retirement, but one of work as it bad always been. The most important works published while he lived here were “A Tale of Two Cities” (1859), based on Carlyle’s “French Revolution,” “Great Expectations” (1860-61) and “Our Mutual Friend” (1864-65). He died June 9, l87o, while engaged in writing “The Mystery of Edwin Drood.” because of overwork. Ilis death was mourned by all the English speaking world as a loss to humanity. Dntrlnpnuuit in iftuftrs nf craurl RALPH MILLER korably no other one thing has been a more important factor in the progress of civilization than the manner and advantages for travel in a country. Let us first get a definite meaning for travel, as used in discussing the above named subject. It is given as meaning to pass or make a journey from one place to another, either on foot, on horseback, or on any conveyance as a ship, carriage or the like; to proceed in any way: to make progress. As we infer, from what was first stated, progress along other lines depends much on the progress in means of travel and the adaption of a country, to travel. As we learn from history, an open level country is more readily settled and developed than a mountainous or stony country; ora country with many rivers entering it from the sea, is one that is more readily occupied than one whose coast is greatly oljstructed by mountains and cliffs. Then also, if a region is once opened by trails, roads, or railways, and is suitably adapted to settlement, that is, affords sufficient occupation and readily sustains life, people soon gather in groups in that region, found settle- ments and build up industries. To illustrate this, we have many examples in the world to-day. For instance, in the central part of Africa is the great Sahara Desert, which, though it was near the dawn of civilization, was never settled. Since people cannot stand much travel in this arid region and conditions are not such as to sustain life, it is not explored and of course no settlements are made. Some countries, like Siberia, Northern Canada, Greenland or Iceland are too cold to encourage exploration and settlement. On the other hand w e have countries such as the eastern part of the United States or eastern South America, which were opened early to civilization by many navigable rivers which were much more extensively traveled formerly than since railroads are in use. Let us now look at some of the methods of travel and how they have been improving, especially in the last century. Of course from the definition, the primitive method of travel would be on foot. Perhapsnext to this would follow the riding of beastsof burden, such as donkeys, camels and horses. This sort of travel is comparatively 54 slow and tiresome. Probably the tirst improvement on this was travel in carts of different kinds, some of which are still in use to-day, drawn by animals, or such vehicles as the jhirikisha drawn by men. These were also slow but made travel more convenient and comfortable. Transport � -tion in vehicles drawn by animals remains the most prominent means of travel. Taking the history of our own country we note that horse-hack riding was very prominent for many years. Vehicles for travel improved rapidly from the cart and wagon, so that at present we have tine carriages with tops, spring-seats, rubber-tire wheels, and storm-fronts, making riding enjoyable over the good roads and pavements, even in bad weather. We also have auto- -mobiles and motorcycles, run by small steam ami gasoline engines, which can attain a high speed and cover long distances in a short space of time. For many years the stage-coach was a very prominent factor in the west and middle-west. Of course traveling was done then on trails and not on good roads, so travel in this manner was rather slow . We can scarcely comprehend to day the conditions which existed at the time of Andrew Jackson’s administration. But even then the people thought the progress which had already been made, in conveyances for travel, was a marvel. In 1800 the time from Boston to New York by stage was three days. By the introduction of the steaml)oat at all possible points the time was reduced to about thirty-six hours. It is well known how the steamboat was introduced in the United States by the invention of Uol ert Fulton in 1807. He proved its practicability by his trial of the Clermont on the Hudson in August, 1807. It was seen this style of boats could easily go up stream and at medium speed also. This was a great factor of emigration to the west, since these steamers were placed on the western rivers and on the Great Lakes. By 1818 the tirst steamer appeared on Lake Erie, but in 1830 a daily line was in operation between Buffalo and Detroit. With progress in steam navigation, chances for making its use more practical were greatly aided by the opening of various canals. Of the early successful and important canals, probably the Erie is in the lead. This canal connects the Hudson River with Lake Erie. The country was greatly suited for the building of a canal, and DeWitt Clinton was the man to see this and to take advantageof the opportunity and necessity of building this great canal which was opened to traffic in 1825. In one year the cost of conveying a ton of grain from ButTalo to Albany, dropped from $100.00 to $15.00, and western fanners come in touch with the world markets. Other canals of note, built about that time, were the Chesapeake and Ohio. Another canal of great importance in the world's history was completed in 1800. This was the Suez Canal w hich connects the Red Sea and the Mediterranean Sea and the work was engineered to completion by M. de Les-seps, a Frenchman. Now the great work of joining the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans is being carried on by the United States. The cost is estimated at about $400,000,000, and the work is expected to be all completed by 1915. These canals are all important factors in the progress of modes of travel, shortening the distances bet ween the great cities of the world by thousands of miles. Men have been busy for centuries in inventions for improving modes of travel, but to-day the steam railway is most widely used for journeys of any considerable distance. These were first invented in England about the beginning of the nineteenth century. The first great railroad was begun July 4, 1828. This was the Baltimore Ohio Railroad. Fifteen miles of it were completed by 1830. Horses were used on this railway at first, but in 1829 a steam engine was imported as a model. Later the American locomotive was constructed and became widely used. In 1830 there were twenty-three miles of railroad in operation in the United States: in 1840 there were about twenty-three hundred miles, and at present there are alxrnt 240,000 miles in use. There are only three general means of travel open to the ingenuity of man, namely, by land, sea and air. YVehave seen how the first easily developed up to the automobile, steam railway and electric trolleys, which are coming into more general use. By water men first began traveling in rowboats and sailboats. Now the steam vessels are used almost entirely. The vessel which is now being introduced, as exceeding the steamship, is run by oil engines. The third means of travel named is air navigation. This has progressed slow ly but very successful attempts have been made in recent years both in the United States and foreign countries, especially France. The leading exponents of the “flying machine” are YN’right Brothers, Glenn Curtiss, Santos-Dumont, Bleriot and Charles Hamilton. Thehistoryof the modern ••flying machines or areoplanes, dates back about a thousand years, when men lirst took their inspirations from the birds of the air. With the many inventors at work it will undoubtedly be but a question of a few years time w hen the aeroplanes will be a common sight in the heavens. Perhaps the most popular style in America today is a biplane. Most of the records in the United States have been made in the biplane and the number of the monoplane style in use is small. Travel in these machines is the swiftest human ingenuity has yet attained. A number of passengers have been successfully carried in some of the latest models. They have also been tried for carrying mail and for war service in the Turkey-Italian war. We have now reviewed some of the progress that has been made in the past, especially in the last few centuries and may therefore expect still greater progress in the future since more men are working along that line and they are aided by the leading governments of the world. 55 JTl|f Ayr nf (Ebuialnj VIDA HOS8LK11 hilb feudalism was at its height,chivalry also thrived. This system was at first estal -lished as an organization of tlie state, but after it had grown and developed the church adopted it. She changed some of the methods and used it for her own purposes. Of courseall the organizations joined themselves to the church, hut there were several which were made up of churchmen, such as the Knight Templars and the Knight Hospitallers. The system originated in the early Germanic history. When a youth was to become a soldier, he was armed in the presence of great warriors and the ceremony was a very solemn affair. These organizations were merely bodies of mounted soldiers bound together by a peculiar union. Later they became the most important faction of the armies. Soon the custom developed that in order to become a soldier, one would have to comply with certain rules and customs. The duties of the knights were plainly pointed out to them. Among other things they must be faithful, loyal and brave. When the crusades were started many knights went to the Holy Land to tight for the Tomb of Christ. After this chivalry was more Christian and then the duties of the knights were to defend Christianity, protect the church, to battle against the infidel and to defend the helpless. The vows of knighthood are very well defined by Tennyson: “Follow the Christ, the King, Live pure, speak true, right wrong, follow the King.” Then again King Arthur said: “ . . . . my knights are sworn to vows, Of utter hardihood, utter gentleness, And loving, utter faithfulness in love. And utter obedience to the King.” Knights were not born but made. First, if' a youth wished to become a knight he, at the age of seven, was placed in the castle of some great knight. Here he learned the ways of chivalry, lie did not go to battle with the knight. He remained as a page until he was fourteen when he became a squire. The duties of the squire were more numerous and more difficult than those of the pag . A squire attended his knight in battle and tournament. He carried the shield and helmet and led the great war horse, while the knight, when not in battle, rode a smaller one. He also armed his master, buckled his cuirass, laced his helmet, and with a hammer fastened the rivets which held the ■Rrmor together. He went into battle ready, if t he knight were injured, to carry him oft the field, or if his horse were slain, to remount him. After he had served as squire until he was twenty-one, then he could become a knight. The right to confer knighthood was given to any knight, but a ruler was generally chosen. Most applicants wished to receive this honor from some knight of renown. The ceremony of dubbing a squire knight was a very solemn one. Some were made knights after some battle in which they had shown their skill, - others at some festival. The first thing a knight-to-be would have to do was to bathe, this was a sign of purity. Then at thealtarof somechurch, or on the grave of some saint he had to watch his armor, shield and sword all night. The next morning he made his confession before a priest, attended mass and communion. He then had to listen to a long sermon on purity, loyalty, fidelity and all the other knightly virtues, after which the armor and arms were biassed by a priest. The youth then took t he oath as already stated. Later came the collee, this was three blows on the neck or shoulder with a sword. The ruling knight then touched tin squire with his sword and said: “in the name of the Father, Son and Holy Spirit, I dub thee knight.” The candidate was then clothed in his armor and was ready for the last step. This was called “running the quintaine,” w hich waschargingon a figure stuffed w ith straw. This being the last step the youth was a full-fledged knight. When the knights were not engaged in war, they had different ways of amusing themselves and practicing in the arts of war. The most important pastime of the knights was the tilt or tournament. These trials at arms were enjoyed 1 everyone. People would come from all over the country to these great games. The great trial at arms at Ashby in Sir Walter Scott's Ivanhoe is a good example of these tournaments. The scene was laid in Ashbv-by-de-la-Zouche. It seemed as if the place had been prepared by nature for the tourney. The ground sloped a little on all sides to a level bottom, which was enclosed for the lists with strong palisades, forming a rectangular space about a quarter of a mile long and about half as broad. The openings of the enclosure at the extreme-ties were accessible by strong wooden gates wide enough for two horsemen to ride abreast. Stationed at each gate were heralds and men-at-arms to maintain order and ascertain the quality of the knights wishing to engage in the tournament. On one platform at one end of the lists were 5( pitched five magnificent pavillions which were occupied by the five challengers. These pavillions were decorated with the colors of each knight and were guarded by his squire. The central pavillion, the place of honor, was assigned to Brian-de-Bois Guilbert. The other four places were taken by the other four challengers. At the other end of list was another platform for the knights wished to light. There were galleries all around the enclosure, decorated elalx)rately, for ladies and nobles: then a narrow space between these and the palisades was for the yeomen. One gallery was right in the center of one side of the lists. It was more richly decorated than the others and on it was a sort of throne protected by a canopy. Squires and pages were there. This was destined for Prince John. Opposite this gallery was one of similar nature and similarly decorated. Many pages and lovely maidens surrounded t he throne. This gallery was to he occupied by the Queen of Love and Beauty who presided over the tournament. The galleries soon tilled and the yeomen took their places. No one could guess who might he chosen Queen on this occasion, and in fact, it was a hard matter to decide who to choose from an assembly of so many beauties: so in this instance it was decided that the victor of the day should ochosehis Queen. This point being settled, the Prince took his throne and the heralds were given the signal to proclaim the rules of the tournament. First, the live challengers before mentioned were to try all comers. Second, any knight wishing to tight, might with his sword, touch the shield of any of the challengers To touch the shield with the reverse side of the sword was to challenge t) light with blunt lances. But to touch the edge of the sword, meant that the combatants were to tight with sharp weapons as in real battle. Third, that w hen the knights present had broken live lances, the Prince should declare the victor of the day who should receive as a prize a war-horse. He would then he given the privilege of choosing the Queen of Love and Beauty. After announcing the rules, the heralds withdrew and the knights began to assemble. Ditt’er- ent knights challenged the champions for trials of skill, but the latter always came out victorious. For awhile it looked as if there would be no more challenges. People were disappointed. Finally, one knight rode through the lists and right up to Brian-de-Bois Guilbert and challenged him with the edge of his sword. They took their places and the signal was given. They charged. The tight was a close contest, but Brian-de-Bois Guilbert was pronounced defeat ed. Thedisinherited knight, as he was called, then defeated the other four challengers and he whs proclaimed victor and was led before the Prince and was awarded a noble black charger. He then displayed his skill as a horseman. They reminded him of the Queen and he choose Lady Uowena, a Saxon Princess, to act as the Queen of Love and Beauty. This, though hrietly told, will give an idea of the tournament of that day and the interest displayed. Chivalry was at its height during the fourteenth century; but owing to different circumstances, it declined rapidly. One cause of this was the use of gunpowder. By this introduction the swords and spears w ere no longer necessary in battle. Then the foot soldiers were used more in the armies and the importance of the horseman declined. There were also some moral causes that brought alxnit the fall. The knights lost sight of their virtues and their duties and did things not becoming to a knight. There were more knaves in disguise of knights than otherwise. Many authors used chivalry as subjects merely to make light of it, as Cervantes in his “Don Quiote.” By the fifteenth century chivalry had ceased to exist and the names of squire and knight were mere titles. Chivalry did a great service in helping the morals of the middle ages. If all professing to be knights had lived up to their vows the age would have been almost ideal. Chivalry is the dividing line between ancient and modern times. That is, it is the greatest marked dilTerence between the two ages. Like most other movements for the good of the world, this great movement has fallen but it has left its good traces behind it. ¥ (ibr uaiu'utifth (Hfnturu ffimi DOUGLASS no is the Twentieth Century Hero? Is he the hero of Yesterday; the steel-clad knight of Long-Ago, or the soldier of Shakespeare's “Seven Ages?” “Full of strange oaths and bearded like the pard, rOOD MILLER Jealous in honor, sudden and quick in quarrel, Seeking the bubble reputation, Even in the cannon’s mouth.” Let us see. The hero of our glorious to-day, the Twentieth Century, must be a world type, a 57 man whom world opinion selects as its hero. We know from the annals of history who the world’s heroes have been, but have the standards of opinion changed? To answer this we must know the answer to still another question: what makes up this opinion? Without a doubt the ideal of the world is the ideal of her people. The world itself, the world of action and progress, consists of the men and women who make up its population. Then since the world events and thought are shaped by men and since the whole mustof necessity partake of the characteristics of its component parts, cannot the world’s existence from the days of Kden until the present be compared to the life of a man? Let us make the comparison. At first the little child, toddling alxmt uncertainly in a big world, all so new and wonderful to it; who is its hero? In almost every case it is found that the person to whom it looks up as the bravest and best of mankind is its father. So in the beginning of history we find the Hebrew nation holding up such patriarchs as Abraham and Moses as their leaders and heroes. We also find the classical peoples in the early times, regarding the father of the family as an absolute ruler, even in matters of life and death. Next w e have the school boy who delights and revels in “fist-i-cuffs” and wrestling matches. His hero is the big boy who is “the best scrapper in the gang” and who can “lick the other guy ” In comparing this stage of the man’s life w ith the period of history corresponding to it we, indeed, find a striking resemblance In this period we have the gladiator of the Homan arena, the charioteer in his wild dash around the circus, the great generals, Hannibal, Scipio, and Caesar, and the ever-conquering legions of Rome looked up to as heroes throughout the world. Later we find our boy a young man in High School and College. He still admires physical strength and ability as shown by the winners on the gridiron and diamond, but another element is intermingled with it. It is that of love for the beauty and the good in tne world, a desire to know more, and an ambition to achieve something. The corresponding epoch is the Middle Ages, the period of chivalry w ith its cavalier in glittering armor, grasping his lance with its fluttering pennon. He is the embodiment of the admiration for the physical, but we also find the love for beauty and goodness and the desire to do something for the good of the world, as shown by the crusades. In the development of the man we have now’ reached a stage w here the most radical and rapid changes of his life take place; that is from twenty to thirty years of age. Now life becomes serious, he is no longer interested in the battles on the athletic field, he is in the struggle for existence. His hero is now the man who does the most to further the world’s progress, and this period in the life of man corresponds to the present time, the Twentieth Century. We now have the answer to our question: men have changed and with them the world and likewise the world’s ideals. “New times demand new measures and new men.” The Twentieth Century hero is not, cannot and must not, be the hero of t he past. He may not be as picturesque as the old hero decked in martial array, but I think w e shall find in him a nobler type of manhood. We now know that the Twentieth Century hero must be the man who does the most for the betterment of the world and to further its progress, but we do not know what particular type this man may be. Is he the inventor, the statesman, the social reformer, a professional man, or from some other class? Let us take a brief look at the leading classes and see if we may not be able to distinguish our hero. Some may think that the inventor is the man for whom we are looking, and when we think of Morse, Kdison and scores of others and see what their inventions, the telegraph, railroad, electrical appliances, and the thousands of other useful inventions, have done to promote civilization, we feel that this type surety “fills the bill.” But the people of to-day are cosmopolitan in their thinking and will not accept the first thing offered them, unless it proves itself the best. Things are only true by comparison: we must compare a thing with others in order to form a true estimate of it. So we must look farther and inspect many different classes. Surely the work of the minister lies solely in the line of the progress and betterment of the world. In spite of the fact that many in this noble calling regard their work as merely a profession, and that with these, ambition for personal advancement is the ruling motive; in spite of the fact that there are “Billy” Sundays and other slangy, sensational “evangelists” who save souls at so much per head, is not the minister the man for whom we are searching? Is not he the matt who is doing the most toward the progress and betterment of the world? (Jreat as is the debt of the world to the clergy, we do not find in this class the answer to the question: “Who is the Twentieth Century Hero?” Then what do you say as to the soldier? “Oh!” you exclaim, “certainly not the soldier standing ready to murder his fellow' man.” Ah, but the soldier of w hom you speak is the soldier of Yesterday. The soldiers of to-day are soldiers of peace. They are to prevent, not to promote war. But even considering this and though a hero’s medal would shine brightly on his brilliant uniform, we do not feel that he is the man for whom we are looking. 58 What of the statesman ? Is it not his duty to prevent war, to promote the friendship of the nations, to preserve internal quiet and justice, to better industrial conditions, to promote the welfare of his country and the world at large? Again, we may say, that we have statesmen who are not looking out for the interests of their country, but for their own interests. Such men cannot he real statesmen; they are statesmen in name only. The time when such men can be in power has passed. The people no longer trust them. They place their trust in such men as we have to-day in the highest offices. Such men as our great President who sticks steadfastly to w hat he believes to be right and the best for his country. Who instead of follow ing the dictates of “good politics’ follows those of a clear conscience. Taft, the man who has met the demands of radicalism from all parts of the nation with a cool judgment that has held the ship of state steadily to a safe course. Can w e lind a man as a represent at ive of any class who is more deserving of honor? But, there are the educators, from the teacher in the country school to the president of our greatest university, surely they are heroes. Do they not promote civilization by instilling its very essence and principles into the youth? We pause as this great army of self-sacrificing men and women pass in review before us, we salute them reverently, for w ho of us all does not owe them a greater debt than we can ever pay? But let us try to find the man or class of men who not only make the work of the teacher possible, but also that of all the other classes mentioned. What is it that enables the product of the inventor’s mind to be placed before the public? The factory. What enables the factortes to turn out their products? Their machinery. But machinery will not run itself. Who keeps the machinery in motion? The workman. It is the laborer who runs the factory and who makes the work of the inventor useful to the world. And is it not the workman on w hom the nation depends? Hiswork is necessary to supply the national needs, his vote selects the statesman who directs the nation. If he fails to do his duty either at the ballot-box or in the factory, the nation is the loser. Is it not the man who, whatever his work is, stays on the job, year in and year out, rain or shine, throughout his whole life, a greater hero than the man whom Carnegie presents with a medal because that individual fora moment risked his life for that of another? I none case all is past in a moment, in the other life drags slowly along in its tedious routine without glory or present reward. All hail to the man who stays on the job, no matter how unpleasant it may be, simply because it is necessary and his duty. All hail to the man who, no matter w hat is his calling is a conscientious, honest workman. On such men as these the whole world depends and Destiny w aits. There are none nobler than he, the Twentieth Century hero. “So on through the days of existence, All mingling in shadow and shine, We may count on the every-day hero, Whom haply the gods may divine, But w ho wears the swart grime of his calling, And lal ors and earns as he can, And stands at the last with the noblest. The commonplace average man. ' 5!) ?prrial Jlrngrams TH A N KSGIVING PR )GR AM The Thanksgiving program was given by the Juniors and Seniors. The President’s Proclamation was given by Galen Roose. Miss Kolbe showed great talent in rendering a solo. Great talent was also shown in the instrumental music. The double quartette given by several of the boys was especially good. In the debate the judges’decision was in favor of the affirmative: however, both parties had very good arguments. The next number was the play, which was highly enjoyed by all, the pupils showing great talent as actors and actresses. In fact, the entire program was enjoyed by everyone. Duet.. ... Ethel Gwinand Bessie Anglin Proclamation ................ . .. Galen Roose Vocal Solo ......................... Miss Kolbe Reading.. .................. . ...Vida Dossier Piano Duet .. Vera Fetro and Hilda Price Quotations Melvin Miller, Milo Bartholomew, Quincy Brown. Murray Ipe, Ralph Miller. Piano Solo ........... ... .. Douglass Miller Girls' Chorus- Reading ......................... G race Slagle Double Quartette.. Ray Walters, Clarence Holloway, Harvey Frederick, Harry Rickert, Douglass Miller, Ralph Frazier, Chauncey Duker, Lester Gentzhorn. Violin Solo... ................. Blanche Freese Debate Resolved, That Latin is better than German for the High School Student. Affirmative- Negative— Samuel Sharp Harry ItTert Burton Metzler Ivan Hartsough Luclle Cline Harvey Frederick Violin Duet ...Harry Rickert and Ralph Frazier Play ............. .. . .“Nobody’s Moke” Cast- Lester Gentzhorn, Bertha Welty. Frieda Price, Miller Cline, Newton Kensinger, Lloyd Johnson, Herbert Alexander. Piano Duet........Hilda Price and Lucile Cline Ethel M. Frederick. CHRISTMAS PROGRAM On Friday afternoon preceding Christmas, the Sophomore Class of the N. 11. S. gave the following program: Piano Solo................... Jessie Dunn Essay on Christmas............ Mario Berger Tenor Solo................... Noble Hollar Reading.................... Blanche Blosser Piano Duet....Lucile Teeter and Beulah Biehl Prophecy of the Class of 1914______ . ............Andrew Nold and Noble Dollar 1)0 Piano Solo. .... .............Ivy MoneyhetTer Reading George Warner Piano Duet .. Jessie Dunn and Bernice Lehman Quotations - Double Quartette . Crsie Silberg. Marie Burbach, Bernice Lehman, Lucile Teeter, Noble Hollar, Horace Hartman, Frank Defrees, Andrew Nold Original Story ________ . Blanche Blosser Vocal Solo.................... Ursie Silberg Reading ......................Bernice Lehman Piano Solo.................. Marie Burbach Reading ............Seabie Brunsmaugh Piano Solo ... ... Gertrude Sheets Story ...................... Forest Nickler Song—“Stille Nacht” Pantomime—“Rock of Ages” The program was highly appreciated and enjoyed by all present, especially such numbers as the Class Prophecy, read by Andrew Nold: the tenor solo, by Noble Hollar, and the reading and story, by Blanche Blosser. Then at the close the pantomime, “Rock of Ages,’ was given by six girls. The girls being dressed in (lowing white robes, and taking their places under a canopy of white, presented a beautiful arid effective picture. The room was tastefully decorated with red bells, red and green paper and white bunting. In the front of the room was a large canopy of white, decorated with red, and from this canopy and the lights, paper and bells extended in all directions. Veka Fetko. WASHINGTON’S BIRTH DAY On the Friday following Washington’s Birthday, the Freshman Class gave the following program : Song—“America” .................. By School Reading .. Gale Arnott Piano Duet .............. Pauline and Wilma Boys’ Chorus. ________ Ward, Elmer, Donald, Roy Slagle, Kenneth, Edgar, Mearle, Joseph. Quotations .............Dora, Rosa, Roy Fox, William, Frank. Vernon, Clarence, Ilerschel Vocal Duet.......Hazel Gwin and Treva Anglin Reading. ......................Marie Anglin Extracts fro m “ Washington’s Farewell Address” .... ........ ___________John Metzler Girl’s Chorus . Hazel Gw in, Treva, Hazel Miller, Gale, Naomi, Reita, Leonore and Anna. Reading ........................... Pauline Piano Duet................ Hilda and Harvey Drill ..Reita, Edith, Mary Rector, Mary Parks, Lydia, Cleo, Ida, Anna, Beatrice, Leonore, Hope and Hazel Miller. Reading Elmer Yoder Piano Solo........................ Pearl Master Reading....................... ...Lowell Blosser Talk - - Re . (fetes Medley....................................School The assembly room was elaborately decorated with twisted crepe paper, hunting and Hags. The program was very well rendered, especially such numbers as the vocal solo rendered by Treva Anglin: the reading by Marie Anglin and the talk by Rev. (’ales. MahblSloat. DEBATING In addition to the debate in connection with the Thanksgiving program, two other debates were held during the year. The last two periods of the afternoon were used. Friday, January 26—The question: Resolved, ‘•That the World Powers should interfere in China,” was debated. Chauncey Duker, Lester Gent .horn and Galen Roose upheld the affirma-tive, while Burton Metzler, Miller ('line and Douglass Miller took the negative. The debate was interesting, for both sides seemed to understand the question thoroughly and to have a line on the arguments pro and con. The audience seemed to appreciate the spirited efforts of the debaters; the speech of Mr. Roose for the affirmative and that of Mr. Miller for the negative, being especially well received. The judges were Mr. Johnson, Mr. Hartman and Rev. Cates. Friday, February l(i—The question: Resolved, “That the United States should retain the Philippines permanently,” was discussed. Five speakers were used on each side, the negative being presented by Noble Hollar, Orville Fischer, Harvey Frederick, Ivan Hartsough. Elmer Voder, and the affirmative by Harry Itfert, Andrew Xold. George Warner, John Metzler and Samuel Sharp. The talks given by all of the speakers showed thorough preparation, the decision was given to the affirmative, but the question was maybe just a liule onesided, and we must say that all did very well. We have several excellent debaters in the school, especially in the Senior Class, and though we wished to secure some debates with other schools and sent challenges to several Northern Indiana High School , they all knew of our prowess along this line and did not care to take up a challenge merely for the fun of being defeated. Atlilrtira BASKET-BALL After playing among themselves all fall and winter the hoys finally got up enough courage to schedule games with other schools and to make a public appearance. About the first of March Keller’s skating rink was rented and the boys got to work. Bremen was met first and though none of the Nappanee players had ever seen a real game, they held Bremen to a low score and even ran up the highest score in the second half, which rather surprised the Bremen team and rooters who had come over with hopes of taking home a 90-2 victory. As to the return game at Bremen we wish merely to say that if we had been playing a full season the game would have been claimed as forfeit. The inter-class games played were very interesting. The Senior team especially covered itself w ith glory, making the speedy All-Star team made up of the best of the three other classes nearly “play its head off” to run up a margin of three points. The Milford game was fast and Nappanee showed that speed and practice more than made up for lack of size. The school loses four of its fastest players this year by graduation, but there are still several members of this year’s squad and several others who w ill be able to put up a good game next year. It seems that Nappanee has one of the all-around best, if not “the bast” basketball floor in Northern Indiana, and with the players we have in High School, Nappanee should be quite a factor in Indiana High School basket-ball in 1912 13. BREMEN II. S. 22 NAPPANEE II. S. 15 The first game of basket-hall was played at Keller’s Rink, March 23, 1912. The game was called at X o'clock. The Bremen team consisted of ten players, substitute and regular. The practice before the game was exceptionally fast. FIRST HALF Bremen started with a rush. First part of half ball was in Bremen's territory. Twig tried two throws for basket on fouls, made second one; score, Nappanee 1, Bremen 0. Bremen carried ball by team work to the Nappanee goal, scoring eight points in succession. Nappanee made a field goal and threw in another foul; score, Bremen 8, Nappanee 4. Bremen scored four points remainder of half: score, 12-4. SECOND HALF HTert and Hollar were placed in game and Warner and Sharp retired. These two put determination into Nappanee, at thesound of the ref- eree’s whistle Nappanee carried the ball into Bremen's territory, lffert making a goal; score. Bremen 12, Nappanee 6. Hollar made four goals on fouls. Bremen played good ball, scoring ten points in the second half. Galen Roose made one field goal and Terwilliger two which added to the rest made the score, Bremen 22, Nappanee 15. It was a clean game and well played. SUMMARY NAPPANEE II. S. BREMEN II. 8. Roose, Capt.........r. f. . ...... — Huff Terwilliger.........1. f. ............Nusbaum Sharp, Hollar....... .c.............. Gorell Frederick___ . . r. g. ...Koontz, Keyser Warner, lffert . 1. g. Lowenstein, Dietrich Field goals Nappanee, Roose, 2: Terw illiger. 2: lffert, 1. Bremen, Xusbaum. 5; Huff, 2: Diet-ricli, 2: Gorell, 1. Free Throws—Nappanee, Terw illiger, 2 out of 5: Hollar, 4out of 5. Bremen, Xusbaum, 2 out of 4. Attendance, 250. Referee, Fischer. Umpire, Weller. Time-keeper, Gentzhorn. Score-keeper, Miller. 11. Rickert. RETURN GAME AT BREMEN On Friday, March 1, the basket-ball team accompanied by about seventy-five rooters set out for Bremen. The team was in excellent shape and could have easily won on its own floor, but winning on the Bremen floor was a different proposition. The floor is rough and closed on three sides, while the baskets each have a rafter placed in front of them so that the ball can just l c put in from the front by an extremely careful throw and a great deal of practice. The only way to secure a field goal was to throw from a difficult angle at the side. The Nappanee team did not discover this for some time and the Bremen boys had, of course, practiced scoring from this point all season. The game was extremely rough throughout and on several occasions the Bremen rooters felt called upon to get into the game and help out. During the first half tlie Nappanee players did no more rough playing than was necessary to save their lives and keep in the game. Out of almost innumerable free throws Hollar, our expert goal throw er, was unable to put in one because of the peculiar arrangement of the baskets. The half ended 15 to 2 in Bremen's favor. The two had been made by Harry lffert early in the half on a long distance throw from a bad angle. The players had found out w hat kind of a game Bremen wished to play and in the second half started in to give them enough of it. They succeeded, and if we may believe reports, the Bremen players wore “numerous” sore spots for days afterward. The only sensational features of the second half aside from Nappanee’s expert “fist-work ’ and “classy” general slugging, and their opponent's strenuous efforts at defense and reprisal, were the fact that “Nob” finally succeeded in scoring on a free throw and that Captain Roose secured a field goal with three (it. ay be four) Bre-menites on top of him. Final score, X. II. S., 5: B. II. S., 26. SUMMARY NAPPANEE II. S. BREMEN II. S. Roose _f... ... Mat-z Johnson . f ....Huff Ilollar. . Nusbaum lffert . _g. . .. Kevser Frederick .. tf Diet rich Field goals—Roose, 1: lffert, 1: Mat ., 2; Huff, 1: Nusbaum, 8. Free Throws Hollar, I out of 15: Xusbaum, 3 out of 10: Huff, 1 out of 3. Referee and umpire, Weller and Fischer. Scorers, Koontz and Miller. Time-keeper, Gentzhorn. Attendance. 175. D. W. M. INTER-CLASS GAMES On Friday evening, March 8, a lively group of humanity was assembled in the Keller skating rink at the hour of 7:30. The occasion for the gathering was the two basket-ball games to be played between the several classes of the X. II. S. The first, hr tween the Sophomore and Juniors, showed the Sophomore boys to he nearly the equal of their opponents, the score being 9 to 0 in the Juniors' favor. SUMMARY SOPHOMORES JUNIORS Hollar, ( apt. De frees f Kensinger Warner Sharp Weber ... Gentzhorn Stump g--- . Fischer Field goals— Sophomores, Hollar, 2. Juniors, Johnson, 2; Sharp, 1. Free Throws -Sophs, Warner, 1 out of 4: Hollar, 1 out of 4. J uniors, Sharp, 3 out of 9. The second game was pulled off by the Seniors vs. the cream of the other three classes. All did well, but the Seniors met defeat to the tune of 8 and 5. SUMMARY SEN IORS A LL-STA RS Frederick, Roose, Capt. f Terwilliger Roose, lffert Rickert g--- Coppcs, ’15 lffert, Frederick - g--- _ Warner, '14 Field goals—A 11-Stars, Sharp, 2: Johnson, 1. Free Throws Seniors, Roose, 5 out of 6. All-Stars, Sharp, I out of 8: Hollar, I out of 3. Referee, Fischer. Time-keepers, M. Miller and Hartman. Score-keepers, Berger and D. W. Miller. Attendance, 100. Iffert, Sharp. Warner, Hollar, Terwilliger, .Johnson, Frederick. Roose, Capt. Fischer, Coach XAPPANEE H. 9. 13—MILFORI) H. S. 10 A large enthusiastic crowd had gathered in the skating rink to witness the basket ball game between the Xappanee and Milford High Schools and they were certainly not disappointed in the expectation of seeing a good game. Promptly at 8 o’clock Mr. Fischer, referee for the first half, called the game with the following line-up: Xappanee Hollar and Terwilliger, forward: Sharp, center: I Ifert and Warner, guards. Milford—'Traster andFelkner,forwards:Uoop, center: Ogden, captain, and Lutes, guards. Milford had some advantage over us because of the height of her men. Her center, a tall fellow, six feet 3 inches in height, towered above ours, but Sharp nearly always got the ball. Soon after the ball was put in play, it was passed to Milford's forwards and,at a time when they were unguarded, put it through the basket, thus scoring the first two points. Plenty of foul plays w ere made throughout the game, largely because of one player “riding” his opponent, as the shout from the spectators “get him a saddle,” suggests. Neither side was exceptionally expert at pitching fouls. Once when Sharp was throwing a foul, he stepped over the line. The ball missed but was immediately thrown through by another player, so at the end of the first half the score stood tie, 0 and «� , instead of (5 and 8, as many thought. One of Milford's forwards furnished some extra amusement to the people by turning several summersaults. At the beginning of the second half the score was tie, and each side was very anxious to get ahead, so the playing began to be rather rough, to which fact some of the boys can testify. Xappanee kept the same line-up, but Milford made some changes. However, this did not help much, for Xappanee pushed ahead and stayed there. Although the game was well played throughout, probably the best play was made in the last half by Hollar. He was trying to throw goal but was prevented by his guard. Finally, he got a chance to throw, but with his back to the basket. He threw over his head and the ball went through. A little more life was brought in the game when Johnson took Terw iNiger’s place, and after M ilford had made a change. The game closed with a score of 10 and 13 in favor of Xappanee. The Milford boys are highly thought of and well spoken about because of the clean game they played and the w ay in which they acted. SUMMARY field goals Xappanee H. S., Hollar. 3: Johnson, I. Milford II. S., Felkner, 3. free throws- Xappanee II. S., Hollar, 1 outof 1: Sharp, 4 out of 7. Milford il. S., Felkner, 4 out of 5. Referee, Fischer. Time-keeper, Gentzhorn. Scorers, Stuckmaiv and Miller. Attendance, 250. B. Metz leu. PERSOXXEL OF THE TEAM CAPTAIN GALEN KOOSK Our short but mighty captain is a very hard forward to guard and wears his guard down fast, necessitating a change of guards each half. He gets into the game in a way that lets the “other fellow ” know that he is there. Hasan excellent eye for free throws. Graduates this year. HARRY IFFERT Largest man on tlie Team and a very fast guard. Plays well forward and relies on his size and jumping ability to prevent hall from reaching the forwards. Graduates this year and will, no doubt, “make good” at college. HARVEY FREDERICK Light and fast guard. Sticks to his forward and is not afraid to mix it. The forwards which lie played against nave scored very few Held goals w hile he was on the job. Graduates this year. LOWELL TEBWILLIGER The wonder of the team at basket shooting at the tirst of the season, but fell olT during latter part. Could always he counted on to play a good game. Graduates this year. SAMUEL SHARP Sam is an excellent center, not because of his height, but because of his speed and jumping ability. Has an excellent eye for free throws. Another year to play. LLOYD JOHNSON Has lots of “pep” and speed. Knows where to find the basket. Is very light but not afraid to get in the midst of the game and go for it. Has another year to play. GEORGE WARNER A guard that sticks to 'em, gets on lop of 'em, and plays rings around 'em. It’s like trying to take 1 from 0 to try to put one in while he’s around. Two more years to play. NOBLE HOLLAR Excellent either as forward or center. Can hit the basket without looking at it and is an excellent “dibbier.” A reliable man for annexing free throws. Two more years to play. ORVILLE FISCHER Although he waited patiently on the “sub” bench, )rvi 11e did not get to play on the “varsity.” f rom the showing he made in the Sophomore-Junior game it is evident that he will show ’em how to play guard next year. Others deserving special mention for their work helping to get the team in shape, and who will no doubt be beard from next year are: Irvin Stump. Newton Kensinger, Forest Xickler. Clayton Weber, Ward Coppes and Mario Berger. (53 BASEBALL Owing to the lack of time, there was no baseball team organized in the fall, but the prospects for a good team this spring are exceptionally favorable. All the prospective players are in good condition and there is no reason why Nappanee H. S. should not carry otT honors as champions of Northern Indiana. The N. II. S. team has been successful in previous rac€« for the championship, and there is no reason to doubt but w hat the team is as good and perhaps better than ever. There are many Nappanee fans w ho are ready to back the assertions that the X. H. S. team w ill defeat all comers. Warner, the star catcher, is always “Johnny on the 8 pot” behind the bat. 11 is ability and past record, compare favorably with that of Cobb or Criger. Hollar, the famous twirier, in the box will keep the batter in a guessing state of mind To find “Nob's’5 pitching is like trying to find a drop of water in the ocean, and from the time a batter enters the plate until “strike three’ is called, he is in a pitiable condition. Coppes or Terwilliger will without doubt be very good in the box.. “Dick” Frazier, the professional star at first, will certainly guarantee the position well filled. “ Nip” Rickert, the sprinter of the school, at short, insures no passing of balls from the inti eld Iffert at second, and Kensinger or Johnson at third should give some infield. Frederick, Gentzhorn, Roose or Cline in the outfield, is a strong line-up and could not be equaled. In addition to these there are many others who with a little practice could get in good condition and will give the team very good material for support. Harry IfTert has been elected captain and Harry Rickert has been chosen for manager. These two are sure to do their best to produce a w inning team. The following games have been scheduled: Saturday, April 20 -N. II. S. vs. Atwood High School at Huffman's Lake. Saturday, April 27—N. II. S. vs. Winona Academy, at Nappanee. Saturday. May 4—N. II. S. vs. Syracuse High School at Nappanee Saturday, May 11 N. II. S. vs. Winona Academy at Winona Lake. uuirtij T1IK .JUNIOR RECEPTION The annual reception which is given by the Junior class of the Nappanee High School complimenting the Senior class, was given for the class of 1911 on Friday evening, May 12, at the home of Mr. artel Mrs. Dilman Rickert. The host of the evening being Harry Rickert, our class vice-president. The artistic decorations consisted of the Senior and Junior class colors and their respective class flower, the former being light blue and tan and the yellow rose, the latter maroon and white and the American Beauty rose. The High School colors, navy blue and white, were also a prominent feature of the decorations. The reception hall was a mass of blue and tan, the parlor maroon and w hite and the dining room blue and white. Music and games furnished the delightful entertainment of the evening. The musical efTorts of the Misses Hilda Price, Ethel Gw in, Bessie Anglin and Blanche Freese, and the Messrs. Ralph Frazier and Harry Rickert were greatly appreciated by all. A two-course luncheon was served, plates being laid for forty-two. Those present besides the members of the two classes were the High School faculty. All departed at a late hour which was ample proof of a general good time. Adah Plank. OUR FIRST CLASS PARTY On the evening of January 19, the Senior class had the pleasure of going in a bob-load to the home of Galen Roose, one of the members of the class. It was the first time that the class as a body had gone to such a gathering. It is certain that any one w ho saw or heard us, w ere ready to admit the fact that seemingly it was their first time to have gone out. Owing to the good judgment of Galen, considering the general atmosphere w ithin a great radius of such a crowd, even though there were some w ho did not expose themselves, lie took the new road so as to pass the least number of houses. After arriving at his home the evening was spent in the highest degree of gaiety and the class was entertained by playing all sorts of games, after which light refreshments were served by Miss Mamie Roose. Among the various contests and happenings of the evening were: Walt got stung in the potato deal; Blanche won in the bean contest; Dick for the story telling: Percy got too warm and to our surprise, there were some who were crowded too much on the road from and to the city. b inally, at a late hour tlie class was again on the liob-sled on their way home. Of course, some of the ladies took the advantage of its being leap year, but even though they iiad been informed of that fact, they let the driver have the pleasure of taking care of himself. However, everybody reached home safely and were ready to retire after having spent the evening so happy. Harvey Frederick. TIIE MISSES PRICE AND SLAGLE CELEBRATE The Senior class and several of their friends were entertained the evening of January 26, at the home of Hilda Price, by the Misses Hilda Price and Grace Slagle. The event marked the 18th anniversary of the advent of said ladies, on the planet known popularly as tlie Earth. The girls were each presented with a silver manicuring set by the “bunch.” A number of games were played and dainty refreshments served. Towards the close of the evening some of the boys performed some “stunts” in spiritualism, the most marked of which was done by Lester Gentz-horn, who actually walked on the ceiling. If this is doubted any one calling at the Price residence may still see his foot prints on the ceiling. The party adjourned at about 11:30 and to say that they had a pleasant evening would be putting it mildly indeed. Galen Rouse. ANOTHER ’12 BOB-RIDE Leaving Nappanee at alxmt 7 o’clock Wednesday night, February 7, 1912, the Senior class started in a bob-sled for the home of Harvey and Ethel Frederick, which was tive and one-half miles distant. Every moment of the time necessary for reaching their destination was used in singing selections from familiar songs, telling “jokes,” and commenting on the beautiful w inter night. Finally, the party reached the farm-house at alxmt 8 o'clock and all were anxious to get close to the warm tire that was awaiting them. In a few moments all were ready for the good time that was in store for them. Music anti games were the order of the evening, after which light refreshments were served. Owing to the fact that some of the members of the class intended to l e out late the next night, the party started for home at about 12 o’clock and the ride home was as merry and joyful as was the one going out, except that the wind had grown colder. The moon shone out brightly and the snow glistened like so many diamonds. Grace Slagle. Alumni CLASS OF 1898 Mrs. Charles Mutschler, nee Coppes, Nappanee, Ind.: Mrs. Charles Inks, nee Coppes, Nappanee, Ind.: Mrs. Fiery Shively, nee Early, Nappanee, Ind.: Miss Grace Miller, clerk at postotfice, Nappanee, Ind.; Miss Treva Kickert, trained nurse, 241 Oak st., Oberlin, Ohio: Mrs. Campbell McKay, nee Coppes, Reeves Place, Stat ion C, Cincinnati, Ohio: Mrs. Ora Stoutenour, nee Mel linger, Goshen, Ind.: Mrs. Bertha Tremaine, nee Pratt, Goshen, Ind.: Charles Swartz, 1st lieut. 10th inf., LasCasa-das, Canal Zone: Ira Longenecker, 1st lieut. 18th inf., Schofield Barrcks, Hawaii. CLASS OF 1899 Miss Ida Weyburn, clerk, Nappanee, Ind.: Harley Kickert, merchant, Nappanee, hid.; Marvin Coppes, ofticeman, Nappanee, Ind.; Mrs. C. F. Pedeison, nee Culp, Bridger, Montana: Mrs. Edgar Pippenger, nee Weyburn, Laurel, Montana; Mrs. Drusilla Stuckman, nee Wysong. Kimmel, Ind.: Floyd McEntatler, traveling salesman, 303 Harrison st., Frankfort, Ind.; Aaron Jacobs, manager of store, 706 9th ave., Seattle, Wash.; Charles Wilson, stenographer, 222 E. Broadway, South Bend, Ind.: Charles Voder, mail clerk, 618 Garfield ave., Elkhart, Ind.; Raymond Rupp, manufacturer of carriages, Kendallville, Ind.: Harry Whiteman, claim agent for New York Central lines, 1615 Park ave., Indianapolis, Ind.: Joseph Dennis, deceased: Mrs. Ida Yarian, nee Sloat, deceased. CLASS OF 1900 Mrs. Harley Kickert, nee Coppes, Nappanee, Ind.: Miss Ethel McEntatler, book-keeper, Nappanee, Ind.: Mrs. Marvin Coppes, nee Wones, Nappanee, Ind.; Mrs. Roscoe Huff, nee Franklin, 744 College ave., Racine, Wis.; Mrs. Henry Kabler, nee Yoder, Alanson, Mich. Melvin Hart man, farmer, Bremen, Ind.; Chester Wisler, civil engineer, 628 Marietta st., South Bend, Ind.; Clyde Early, undertaker, Cheyenne, Wyoming; Clarence Begh-tel, clerk at postotfice, 727 S. Taylor ave., Oak Park, 111.; Clarence Frazier, architect, 837 Dearborn ave., Chicago, 111.: Roscoe Sensenich, M. I)., otfice Dean building, South Bend, Ind.; Arthur Hartman, deceased. CLASS OF 1901 Miss Clara Gray, stenographer, Nappanee, Ind.; Mrs. C. J. Marshall, nee llostettler, W aw aka, Ind.: Miss Muriel McLaughlin. Elkhart, Tnd. class of 1902 Mrs. Clayton Pippenger, nee Frazier, Nap-panee, Ind.: Miss Beulah Tillman, book-keeper, Nappanee, Ind.; Karl Freese, manager of (leorge Freese’s Sons office, Nappanee, Ind.: Herbert Weygand, U. S. Express agent, Nappanee, Ind. , Mrs. Leonard Scott, nee Blessing, Lamar, Colo.: Mrs. Edward Lape, nee Stahly, 720 W. 26th st., Chicago, 111.: Mrs. (I. E. Sundstrom, nee White-man, 604 W. LaPeer st., Lansing, Mich.: Mrs. Charles Wilson, nee Tintsman, 222 E. Broadway, South Bend, Ind. class of 1903 Mrs. Hubert Weygand, nee Rarig: .Jacob Yar-ian, superintendent of grist mill: Irvin Coppes, otliceman, Nappanee, Ind.: Mrs. Reuben Lehman, nee Ilartmam, cor. Main and Lafayette sts., Goshen, Ind.: Miss Edna Mosiman, 925 Portage ave., South Bend, Ind.: Miss Nora Rusher, school teacher, 3122 Mishawaka ave., South Bend, Ind.: Mrs. Harry Bickel, nee Stuck man, Goshen. Ind.: Louis .Jacobs, private secretary, 706 9th ave., Seattle, Wash.; Monroe Mellinger, otliceman, Spokane. Wash.: Logan Reinoehl,South Bend, Ind : Dilman Heckaman, attorney, Shawnee, Okla.: .lesse Good, deceased. CLASS OF 1904 Mrs. Floyd Slabaugh, nee Hartman, Nappanee. Ind.: Mrs. John Murray, nee Kantz: Mrs. James Pepple, nee Lamb: Pansy Kantz, stenographer; Harold Coppes, otliceman, Nappanee, Ind.: Bernard Pollock, traveling salesman, 17 E. Erie st., Chicago, III.; Floyd Richer, medical student, Wak-arusa, Ind.: Vernon Gillet, Northern Indiana Ry. Co., 829 S. Rush st., South Bend, Ind : I)r. Julius Jacobs, dentist. 1021 W. 4th st., Santa Ana, Cala.; Melvin Beyler, deceased. CLASS OF 1905 Miss Mabel Hutson: Mrs. Karl Freese, nee Prickett; Burton Cline, secretary of Nappanee Lumber Mfg. Co., Nappanee, Ind.: Mrs. Frank Boulton, nee Baer, 712 Rex st., South Bend, Ind.: Mrs. Elva Eash, nee Garber, Garden City, Mo : Miss Winifred Fluegel, Winona Lake, Ind.; Mrs. Frank Stinson, nee Murray, Seymour. Ind : Mrs. Ella Stanley, nee Teall, Elkhart, Ind.: Mrs. Chester Swenson, nee Wilkinson, Syracuse, Ind.: Edgar Ringenberg, time-keeper for Coppes, Zook cSc Mutschler Co., Nappanee, Ind.: William Beghtel, farmer. Traynor. Saskatchewan, Canada; Clinton Cain, I). O., 1551 W. Madison St., Chicago, 111.: Arthur Price, farmer, Traynor, Saskatchewan, Canada: Burton Yarian, insurance agent, 715 Spalding building, Portland, Ore.: Clarence Pollock, mail clerk, 114 E, Ohiost., Chicago. III. CLASS of 1906 Miss Ida Pippenger, school teacher: Miss Iva Stahley. school teacher: MissEtlie Weyburn, bookkeeper: Miss Belle Wilt, clerk. Nappanee, Ind.: Miss Hilda Baer, DePauw Fniversity. Greencastle, Ind.: Mrs. Claude Jackson, nee Gwin, 122 Water st., Elkhart, Ind.: Miss Joy Whiteman. Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, Ohio; Lester Weber, Miller. Olathe, Kan.: Edward Wilson, buying agent for Coppes, Zook Mutschler Co., Nappanee, Ind.: Curtis Miller, farmer, Beiseker, Alberta. Canada: Carie Guiss, deceased: Anna Newcomer, deceased. ('LASS OF 1907 Mrs. Charles Clouse, nee NetT: Miss Bessie Beghtel: Ora Guiss, baggageman: Harold Johnson, druggist: Harry Price, barber; Clayton Blessing, school teacher: Miss I)essaEvans, Nappanee, Ind.: Miss Meda Miller, Manchester College. North Manchester. Ind.: Mrs. Collin Fahlstrom, nee West, Carlton, Wash.; Mrs. Morton Reinoehl, nee Wilson. 130 Dayton st., South Bend, Ind.: Claude Coppes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich.; Hugh Whiteman, salesman and claim agt. for J. V. Farwell Co., Chicago, 111.: Harry Laude-man. Palm ave., l ox 3, Nestor, Cal. CLASS OF 1908 Miss Ruby I-idler, Chester Walters, druggist: Forrest Defrees, farmer, Nappanee, Ind.; Mrs. William Dark wood, nee Stutsman. South Bend, Ind.; Roy Berlin, Purdue University, Lafayette. Ind.: Ralph Store, school teacher, Foraker, Ind; Vernon Culp, assistant and student, Goshen College, Goshen. Ind.; Raymond Walters, wholesale druggist. 2547 Lexington st., Chicago, III.; Miss Vera Miller, Miss Florence Miller, book-keeper: Miss Lulu Eby, cashier: Miss Lois Frazier, school teacher: Miss Frankie Miner, school teacher: Miss Carrie Sloat, book-keeper: Miss Flossie Clouse, school teacher; Mrs. Harley Fisher, nee Young; Clarence Herr, clerk: Harvey Miller, farmer. Nap panee, Ind.; Alonzo Overholzer, school teacher, Wakarusa, Ind. class OF 1910 Miss Pearl Weber, book-keeper; Miss Gladys Johnson, Mrs. Jay DeBow. nee Franklin; Miss Mabel Guiss, Miss Bernice Freese, Miss Harriet Doswell. Miss Helen Nold. book-keeper: Freed Miller, clerk at postotlice; Herbert Neher, glass cutter, Nappanee, Ind.; Clem Brown, assistant auditor, Goshen, Ind.; Willis Wilson, Nappanee, Ind.: Ray Sineltzer. baggageman. Nappanee, Ind.: Miss Ruth Fischer, Kokomo, Ind.; Miss Enid Thomas, 2547 Lexington st., Chicago, 111.: Forest Stose. glass cutter. 2547 Lexington st., Chicago, 111.: Dean Whiteman, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, Ohio; Ruth Price, deceased. class of 1911 Miss Clara Bainter. Miss Maude Beyler, Miss Mabel Lamb, Miss Hilda Roll, Amzy Angleineyer, 66 banker; George Xold, miller, Lloyd Slagle, barber: Xapp nee, hid.: Carl Blough, shipping clerk, Goshen. Ind.: Howard Prickelt, Chicago, 111.; Uoscoe Miller. 225 E. Huron st., Chicago, HI. NON- «HADUATES OF CLASS 1912 Hoy Stably. Nappanee, Ind.: Milo Huffman, ? iFriimlmts Hay W.: “Franklin was born in Poston on 1706: at least that’s what he said.” Mrs. Miller: “Well, have you any reason to doubt it ?” O Miss Kolbe (to chorus): “Now, ready, 'all the angels. ” Unanimous effort on part of the chorus. O TilK SIMPLEST METHOD Mr. Fischer (in physics): “If your tire-place smokes what might you do to stop it, Harry V” Harry H : “Putout the tire.” O A DIFFICULT TASK Hilda P.: “Thev were to make no more than three nor less than ti e.” O Hay Walters: “ Penj. Franklin was over at Xew Paris.” O Bessie Anglin: “The ordinance of 1784 was written by ?” Harry I (prompting in a loud whisper): “Jefferson.” Prof. Miller: “ Better be careful Harry, ou may have it wrong.” Harry I.: “No. not this time. I’ve got my book open.” O C rrie Blessing: “John Adams listened to one of Otis’ speeches for live ye� rs.” (Almost as bad as one of Fischer’s talks on Indiana University.) O WELL, THAT’S STRANGE Bernice L (translating Ger. II): “ I can courageously lax niv lap in the head of each subject.’ O HOW SHOCKING ! Halph F.: “New York was strictly a Dutch colony. This made variety in home life.” Nappanee, Ind.; Merrill Blosser, cartoonist, Chicago, III.. Mark Thomas, Technical High School, Chicago, III.: Alfred Shafer, Nappanee, Ind.: Joy Anglin, Nappanee, Ind.: Edna Weyburn, bookkeeper. Nappanee,Ind.; ZulaShafer, Vera Bushong. JFlnmirra Blanche F.: “Douglass give me that catalog of class pins.” Douglass (looking in desk): “1 haven’t got it. Blanche: “ Yes you have. I gave it to you just ! efore class.” Douglass: “Well, if I’ve got it. I’ll eat it!” Bessie A.: “Better he careful about putting pins in your mouth.” O We are surprised to learn from one of Carrie Blessing’s papers that lirst-class mail consists of unclaimed letters O COMMERCIA L (?) A KITH M ETIC Mrs. M.: “ 10 and 3 are how much?” Adah (quickly): 9.” O MISSIONARIES NEEDED AT ONCE Mr. Fischer: “Please return your report cards at once. Some of us want to work on them over Sunday.” O Clayton Weber (translating Ger. IF): She became the wife of the Princess.” O Ask Mr. Fischer what the “case” of “inse-quitur” is? P. S.: We would advise that this be done by ’phone. O Mrs. M.: “What do we weigh by avoirdupois weight, llarryV” Harry H.: Ourselves.” Mrs. M.: “Yes, any gross material.” O Prof. Miller: “Well, what is that?” Hay W. (scratching one side of his head): “I don’t know.” Prof. Miller: “Try the other side, Hay, then you II know.” O THE MULTIPLICATION OF A “BLESSING” Mr . Miller: “ What is the cost of 100 yards of goods at 50 cents a yard?” Carrie blessing: “$1.00.” 67 Mr. Fischer: “.lust as heavy as that if not lighter.” O Clayton Weber (translating Ger. II): “Sit yourself a little and wait.” ❖ explicit! Mr. Fischer (explaining in physics): “You do it that way and then it will be done.’ o GOT THE WRONG KNEES Adah (in Eng. IV): “He fell down upon her knees and asked forgiveness.” O Burton M. (translating Latin IV): “She shall give you caresses and imprint sweet kisses.” Mr. Fischer: “I don't think that needs any further explanation. We all understand that, I believe.” © SURELY WAS Blanche F. (speaking of the Mexican war, 1846-1 I8): “This war prepared the men for the war of 1812.” Prof. Miller: “That would be a joke wouldn’t it.” ® Mr. Fischer (translating): “I swear abrupt pause. Somebody: “Oh my!” © Prof. Miller: “Ray, what was the ‘underground railway’?” Ray: “Why, a railroad running under the ground.” Prof. Miller: “How often did the cars run?” ® The civics text made the statement that man was a “social creature. ’ When reciting upon the topic one of the Freshmen said: “Man is a political beast.” Duker: “Yes, yes. Correct, quite correct.” ® NO, TEACHER, WE DIDN’T Mr. Fischer (in Physics): “When some of you boys were fishing at a lake or somewhere did you ever watch the sinker floating on the water? ’ © Galen (translating): “‘Sic fatus senior,’ a sick fat Senior.” © “CARUSO” MUST BE A BELIEVER IN SPIRITUALISM Kay W.: “Horace Greely wrote a letter to George Washington--------” © No matter how “short” the other boys find themselves, Lowell always ha the “price. ’ CORRECT Mrs. M.: “Nathaniel Hawthorne was the first of his family to spell his name with a w.’ How had it been spelled before, Blanche?” Blanche (brilliantly): “Without a ‘w.’ ” © FAVORITE OCCUPATIONS Harry Iffert: Chewing gum. Lester Gentzhorn: Reading automobile advertising. Lowell T: Writing notes to Hilda. Hilda: Answering Lowell’s notes. Sophomore Class: Having parties. Chauncey Duker: Trying to convince Mr. Fischer that the Physics text is written wrong. Vida Hossler: Trying for a teacher’s license. Ralph Miller: Loaning his German dictionary. Andrew Nold: Coming to school five minutes (or more) late. Blanche Freese: Crying like a poor little kitty. Mr. Duker: Cutting down deportment grades. © Ralph F. was standing up and talking. Prof. Miller: “Sit down and behave yourself, Ralph.” Ralph (confused): “Oh! I thought it was rest.” © ON MONDAY, OF COURSE Someone: “Can’t we practice the plays right after school to-night?” Prof. Miller: “No, Ray went home. He was excused for work (loud and continued laughter from Seniors) and he isn’t to be awakened until 6 o’clock.’ © The following story is absolutely guaranteed: Frieda Price had planted some beans in saw-dust for the t otany experiments. Naturally in a few days the beans were forced upward and appeared above ground (or saw-dust) much larger in si .e than when planted. Frieda, not having been reared on a farm, was of course, unacquainted with these phenomena and immediately began to punch the beans under again, saying: “I can’t make these dog-gone l eans stay under at all.” FLYING FISH A SPECIALTY Mr. Fischer: “Why does the aeroplane resemble a fish?” Ralph F.: “Well, fish are pointed at both ends so they can get through the air better and _____ � Ralph F. to Ralph M.: “Say, have you got a handkerchief?” 68 WONDER WHY HE DIDN’T A NR WEAR Lowell Blosser thought that the“ Nursery” was becoming too warm and contrary to the rules took off his coat. Mrs. M. asked: “1 wonder what you would take off next if you were still too warm.” Lowell: “My sweater.” Mrs. M.: “And if you were still too warm?” WANT ADS Wanted: Brains. Parties too numerous to mention. Wanted: A “stand-in” with the faculty. Everybody. Wanted: Knowledge. Freshmen. Wanted to Know: If the Seniors should go picnicing at a lake would Bessie be Anglin’? Wanted to Know: If a lady was about to be run over by a train would George Warner? Wanted to Know : If the school house should he shaken by an eart hquake, would Lucile Teeter? Duker: “Get quiet quickly, pupils.” Bessie [sotto voice): “Yes, ‘dear.’ ” Ethel F. has taken to classical literature Her favorite poet is Horace. Noble Hollar (translating Ger. II): “He looked him over from top to bottom. (£alntftar Monday, Sept. 11—School opens. Total High School enrollment, 130; Freshman class, 49: entire school, 500. Tuesday, Sept. 12—First day of work. Thursday, Sept. 14—Goshen fair. Harry Iffert and several others attend. Monday, Sept. 18 -Chemistry class organized. Tuesday, Sept. 19—Work begins in laboratory. Thursday, Sept. 21— Freshmen sing. Oh! Eth-eral bliss! Friday, Sept. 22—Chorus organized with about 100 members. Wednesday, Sept. 27 -Completed program is put into effect. Thursday, Sept.28—Bremen fair. Harry Iffert attends. Monday, Oct. 2—Glen Stillson dissolves partnership with the “Nappanee Educational Co.” on account of a disagreement over geometry w ith the rest of the Hr in. Tuesday, Oct. 3— Mr. Fischer mystifies Latin IV with a lecture on mysticism. Thursday, Oct. 5 Bourbon fair. Harry Iffert is there. Il-m-m, Glen returns with geometry. Tuesday, Oct. 10—Vera Fetro enters the Senior class. Friday, Oct. 13 Card game on tiie law n. Andrew Nold and Mr. Fischer later play “euchre” in the office. “Clubs” were probably trumps and Andrew got “euchred.” Monday, Oct. 16 Seniors hold first class meeting of the year. Decide to have a class play. Tuesday, Oct. 17—First trip down Hre escapes in afternoon. I . S. Some of the girls have difficulty in getting out: (hobbles). Wednesday, Oct. 18—Reports for first month are given out. Mr. Fischer has a black eye in the afternoon (did any of the girls “kick on their grades). Thursday, Oct. 19—Fire drill. In the excitement Mr. Duker forgets that he has heard Geom. 111 Latin section, and makes them do it all over again (heavens!), the Sophs thereby escaping an algebra recitation. Friday, Oct. 20—Lowell and Hilda late in the morning; uin, too bad: w onder how that happened? Sophomores have a party at the home of Gertrude Sheets. Monday, Oct. 23— Mr. Duker starts a museum for the benefit of commercial geog. classes. Seniors decide to have an “annual.” Tuesday, Oct. 24 —Lowell T. late and Hilda P. on time. Well now’, how did “that” happen? Wednesday, Oct. 25 Senior class meeting. Thursday, Oct. 26 Program committee for Senior-Junior program on Thanksgiving, is appointed. Friday, Oct. 27 Industrial exhibit taken to Goshen. Senior-Junior committe have a meeting. Monday, Oct. 30 Oh, you numeral sweaters! Junior-Senior committee meets again. Tuesday, Oct. 31 Kitten comes in for morning exercises and is kindly escorted out by Mr. Fischer. Hallow’een. Null sed. Wednesday, Nov. 1 Program for Thanksgiving announced. Thursday, Nov. 2 —Day of “dont’s.” Don’t compare problems. Don’t whisper. Don’t snowball. Just breathe and keep quiet. Friday, Nov. 3 Ask Blanche F. where “dear little kilty” came from. Senior class meeting. Annual staff elected. Monday, Nov. 6—Several tardy and the usual after school session. Tuesday, Nov. 7 Supt. Miller reads part of Washington’s “larewell Address’ and Chauncey goes to sleep. 69 Thursday. Nov. 9 Supt. Miller goes to Indianapolis to attend the Indiana Superintendents’ Association. No history recitation. Hooray! Friday, Nov. 10 Last day of the second school month. Wednesday, Nov. 15 Report cards for second month are given out. Friday, Nov. 17 II. S. entertainment pulled otT. Robert Bowman, impersonator. $20.05 made towards athletic equipment. Monday, Nov. 20 First meeting of annual staff. Tuesday, Nov. 21 Sophomores have a class-meeting. Wednesday, Nov. 22 Supt. Miller warms up on a cold subject, 11‘Snowballing.” Thursday, Nov. 23-Senior class-meeting. Monday, Nov. 27 Committee for Sophomore program on Christmas is appointed. Tuesday, Nov. 28—Senior class-meeting. Wednesday, Nov. 20 -Thanksgiving program is given by Seniors and Juniors. An excellent program. Thursday and Friday, Nov. 29 and 30 Vacation. Monday. Dec. 4 Sophomore program committee meets. Tuesday, Dec 5—Senior class-meeting. Class pins ordered. Wednesday, Dec. 6—Little doing. Thursday, Dec. 7 Less doing. Friday, Dec. 8—Least doing. Monday, Dec. 11—Meeting of annual statT. Tuesday, Dec. 12 Basket-ball season begins. Wednesday, Dec. 13 Reports for third month received. Girls play basket-ball. Friday, Dec. 15 -Too much basket-ball. Everybody stiff. Lois of liniment used. Monday, Dec. 18 Everybody getting ready for Xmas. Sophs, too, even if they weren’t going to give that program. Wednesday, Dec. 20 Senior class-meeting. Thursday, Dec. 21 .1 uniorclass-meeting. Sophomores spend most of the night decorating the assembly room. Friday, Dec. 22—Fine Christmas program given by Sophomores. .1 uniors have picture taken for the annual. Friday, Dec. 22: Jan. 2—Christmas vacation. Tuesday, Jan. 2—Everybody back to work. Several visitors. Wednesday, Jan. 3 Slowly we gather in one by one. Many Lardys. Thursday, Jan. 4 Rev. Evans gives a “goodbye” talk to the High School. Friday, Jan. 5—Eight degrees below zero outside, 23° below in assembly room. Some of the boys after sitting on the radiators for some time, discover heat which, however, is found to have been caused by Lester Gentzhorn lighting a match nearby. The janitor freezes his nose while looking in the furnace to see how the tire is burning. Monday, Jan. 8—Two of the alumni. Willis Wilson and Forest Stose are visitors. Tuesday, Jan. 9- Andrew Nold brings an excuse for being five minutes tardy which it takes Mr. Fischer an hour to read. Col. Lochwitzky gives us a half hour talk on Russia. Wednesday, Jan. 10—Examinations begin. Thursday, Jan. 11 Exams. Friday, Jan. 12- Exams. Monday. Jan. 15 Beginning the 2nd semester. Stella Dunn enters the Junior class. Tuesday, Jan. 16 Committee for Freshman program on Washington’s birthday is appointed. Wednesday, Jan. 17 —Supt. Miller advises more study at home and everybody goes home loaded down with l ooks. Two “bob” parties. Thursday, Jan. 18—Several are overcome with sleep. Friday, Jan. 19—Sophomores have picture taken for the annual. Seniors have a “ bob” ride and party at the home of Galen Boose. Monday, Jan. 22—Seniors and Sophomores both have cl ass-meetings Tuesday, Jan. 23-Canvass for advance subscriptions for the “Senior” is started. Wednesday, Jan. 24 Casts for Senior plays are announced. Thursday, Jan. 25-Freshmen organize. Sophomores have a party at Defrees’. Friday, J an. 26 — Debate. M isses Grace Slagle and Hilda Brice entertain the Seniors at the home of the latter. Monday, .Ian. 29--Books for Senior plays arrive. Friday, Feb. 2 —Sophomore party at the home of George Warner. Tuesday, Feb. 6—Senior class-meeting. Wednesday, Feb. 7 Ethel and Harvey Frederick entertain the Senior class at their home. Thursday, Feb. 8 All Seniors afflicted with drowsiness. Friday, Feb. 9—Freshmen have a party at the home of I ''rank Thomas. Mercury 12o below zero. Sunday, teb. 11 High School chorus sings at the Sacred Concert. Monday, Feb. 12 Freshmen hard at work on Washington’s Birthday program. Tuesday, Feb. 13 basket-ball meeting. Wednesday, Feb 14—Work is commenced on Senior plays. Thursday, Feb. 15 Theatrical troupe hard at work. Friday, Feb. 16 Debate in the afternoon. Monday, Feb. 19 Meeting of annual stalf. First basket-ball practice at the rink. Tuesday, Feb. 20—Senior class-meeting. Wednesday, I eb. 21 Big snow storm. Students from country unable to reach home. Thursday, Feb. 22 1 reshmen decorate assem- 70 bly room in the evening. Friday, Feb. 23—Patriotic program by Freshman class. Basket-ball game with Bremen High School at Keller's rink in the evening. Senior class has group picture taken for the annual. Monday. Feb. 26—Gloomy Monday. Wednesday, Feb. 28 Meeting of annual staff. Thursday, Feb. 29 Casts for Senior plays hard at work. Last work-out for basket-ball team l e-fore Bremen game. Friday, March 1—Indoor foot-ball game at Bremen. See athletic department. Tuesday, March 5— Basket-ball meeting. Wednesday, March 6—Evening practice on the Senior plays commence. Thursday, March 7 Everybody practicing Senior plays and basket-ball squad. Friday, M arch 8 I nter-class basket-ball games. Monday, March 11, Thursday, March 12— Strenuous lal or on Senior plays. Friday, March 15 Basket-ball game with Milford postponed on account of the weather. Monday, March 18—Senior class meeting. Baccalaureate speaker chosen. Commencement invitations selected. Tuesday, March 19- Baseball team organized. Thursday, March 21 Basket-ball practice. First day of spring(?); several inches of snow also. Friday, March 22 Basket-ball game with Milford. Wednesday, March 27 Juniors have pictures taken again for annual. Thursday, March 28—War in Senior class, some wish to practice before supper and some after. Gee. it was warm. Friday, March 29—Baseball meeting. Monday. April 1 Ray Walters is overcome by sleep during the last period and just as Miss Kolbe starts to awaken him someone kindly jerks his coat-tail. Tuesday, April 2—Baseball meeting. Wednesday, April 3 Mr. A. E. Jeffrey visits the High School. Thursday, April 4 Spring vacation. Friday, April 5 Spring vacation. Monday, April 8—First practice for Senior plays in the Auditorium. Wednesday, April 10—Report cards for the seventh month are received. Friday, April 12 Mr. Duker kindly(V) wakes Ralph Frazier from sweet slumbers. Saturday, April 13 -Oast for “Mrs. Compton’s Manager” spends greater part of the night practicing in the Auditorium. Thursday, April 18—Commencement invitations and baseball suits arrive. Saturday, April 20— Thursday, April 25 “A Rival by Request.” Friday, April 20 Junior-Senior reception at the home of Dr. W. A. Brice. Thursday, May 2 “Mrs. Compton’s Manager.” Friday, May 3 Public School exhibit. Sunday, May 5- Baccalaureate sermon. Friday, May 10—Commencement exercises. 71 Thz Teachers College of Indianapolis Accredited A, B. and C. Professional Training for all Grades of Teaching. Two, Three, and Four Year Courses. Special classes in Public School Drawing and Music, Domestic Science and Art, and Manual Work. This College specializes in training of Kindergartners, Primary, and Intermediate Grade Teachers. Spring classes open in March, April, and May. Summer Term Begins June 3, 1912. Send For Catalog. ELIZA A. BLAKER, President, The William N. Jackson Memorial Building, 23rd and Alabama Streets, INDIANAPOLIS, IND. MANCHESTER COLLEGE COLLEGE—Four Years’ Course A. B. Degree. NORMAL—Accredited, A, B, and C. Complete Training School for Teachers. MUSIC—Piano, Violin, and Voice. BCSINESS—Bookkeeping and Stenography. Commercial Teachers’ Course. Also courses in Art, Oratory, Elocution. Agricultural and Manual Training. For Catalogue Address OTHO WINGER, President, L. D. IKENBERRY, Secretary, North Manchester, Indiana. Success Gained “Fighting it out” on definite lines, spells SUCCESS. The business principles for which we have stood are: Value Giving, Goods Marked in Plain Figures, Fair Play, which means satisfaction or your money back. Upon such we solicit your patronage. LEHMAN 8 KILMER, NAPPANEE'S FURNITURE AND RUG MEN. Mid -Spring term opens April 15. Summer term opens May 27. A Delightful School Home. Good Literary Societies Open to all. Expenses are very Moderate. VALPARAISO UNIVERSITY (ACCREDITED) VALPARAISO, INDIANA. One of the Largest Institutions of Learning in the United States. THIRTY-NINTH YEAR OPENED SEPTEMBER 19, J9JI. In 1873 the school had 3 departments, 4 instructors, and an annual enrollment of 210 different students. Now there are- 25 DEPARTMENTS. 191 INSTRUCTORS, and an annual enrollment last year of 5521 DIFFERENT STUDENTS. EXCELLENT EQUIPMENTS. The reason for this remarkable growth is in the fact that the Institution is constantly increasing its facilities, strengthening its courses of study, and offering additional advantages without making the expense to the student any greater. DEPARTMENTS: Preparatory, Teachers’, Kindergarten, Primary, Pedagogy, Manual Training, Scientific, Biology, Civil Engineering, Classical, Higher English, German, French, Spanish, Italian, Elocution and Oratory, Music, Fine Art, Law, Pharmacy, Medical, Dental, Commercial, Penmanship, Phonography and Typewriting, Review. THE DENTAL DEPARTMENT recently acquired by tlie University is the well-known Chicago College of Dental Surgery, one of the oldest and best equipped dental schools in the country, Dr. Truman W. Brophv, Dean, Chicago, Illinois. THE MEDICAL DEPARTMENT: The course of study in the Medical Department is the same as that of the best medical schools. The University owns its college and hospital buildings both in Chicago and Valparaiso. Two years of the work may be done in Valparaiso, thus reducing the expenses, or the entire four years may he done in Chicago. THE NEW MUSIC HALL enables the School now to accommodate all who wish work in music. CIVIL ENGINEERING: The Revised Course in Civil Engineering is proving a most valuable acquisition. No extra charge. THE EXPENSES ARE MADE SO LOW THAT ANYONE CAN MEET THEM. Tuition. S18 per quarter of 12 weeks. Board and furnished room, $1.70 to $2.75 per week. CATALOG MAILED FREE. ADDRESS. H. B. BROWN, President, or O. P. KINSEY, Vice-President. CALENDAR.—Thirty-ninth year opened Sept. 19, 1911; Second term opened Dec. 12, 1911: Third term opened March 5, 1912; Fourth term will open May 28, 1912. Mid-Spring Term. April 2. 1912; Mid-Sum-mcr Term, June 25, 1912. A GOOD RECORD Began as a Normal School in 1908. Established as a College in 1909. Had four College graduates in 1910 and six the next year. Credits honored by the best Colleges and Universities in the United States in 1911. One Graduate of 1911 was accepted by the University of Pennsylvania for graduate work, and another by the University of Illinois. Another student writes: “I have decided to enter Chicago University. All of my two years’ work in Winona College was accepted hour for hour and Chicago has entered me as a junior.” The attendance this Fall term is just one-third better than that of last Fall term. Spring Term Opens March 18, 1912. First Summer Term Opens April 29, 1912. Regular Summer Term Opens June 10, 1912. LIBERAL ARTS, EDUCATION, MUSIC, BUSINESS. Winona College, WINONA LAKE, INDIANA. JONATHAN RIGDON. PRES. GOSHEN COLLEGE DEPARTMENTS: College, Academy, Normal, Bible, Music, Business, Oratory. COLLEGE—Course of four years leading to A. B. Degree. ACADEMY Certified as equi valent to commissioned liigh school. See your trustee in regard to tuition. NORMAL Accredited by State Board for “A” and “B” class courses. Summer School opens June 3. BUSINESS—Practical course in Bookkeeping and Stenography. Our students secure good positions. For Catalog or Information, Address GOSHEN COLLEGE, Goshen, Indiana. THE WABASH COLLEGE Crawfordsville, Indiana. A COLLEGE FOR MEN ONLY. EIGHTIETH YEAR, For Further Information Address The Registrar, or G. L. MACKINTOSH, PRESIDENT. THE NAPPANEE PRODUCE CO, THE HOME OF THE RED COMB POULTRY FEEDS! HUFFMAN'S ICE CREAM CONES FLOUR, FEED, AND SEEDS THE SWEET TASTE IS THERE AGENTS FOR BUCKEYE INCUBATOR HIGH ART SUITS! Five times six and six times five—that’s the difference between most suits you see. But the kind bearing the above label may be singled out in a whole company by their superfine quality and smart style. They are not padded to give them shape, but are formed, which gives them taste and refinement. One of these fine models will date your looks five years back. They possess character giving you the assurance you are wearing the best made. They walk with you, almost talk to you, for there is a human side to clothes. Being made by artists, each garment is signed by the auther, HIGH ART. They cost no more than other clothes. Hartman Brothers, TRIPLE STORE. E. E. FREVERT PLUMBING, HEATING, WATER, GAS LIGHTING, STEAM SPECIALTIES, PACKING And VALVES. Why not patronize an Exclusive Plumbing Shop, where is carried first-class plumbing goods? All Work Guaranteed. Prices Right. WEYGAND BROS, TOBIAS WARM MEALS AT ALL HOURS. Fine Line of Cigars. Candy. Lunch. BUY YOUR ICE J. D. SCOTT, DENTIST, TELEPHONE No. 8 205 NORTH MAIN ST. of the Nappanee Ice Co., and keep cool. Telephone No. 49. For all kinds of building material see J. S. Chilcote. Our aim is to please our customers. DOLLAR BILL SAYS: We show the swellest made-to-measure line for men and young men in town. You can’t afford to buy without first inspecting the line. A first-class fit guaranteed or no sale.” GUS. REISS COMPANY The store that always has a complete line of clothing, shoes, hats, caps, and Gents’ furnishings. ALWAYS THE FIRST TO SHOW NEW GOODS. GUS. REISS CO., NAPPANEE, INDIANA. Telephone No. 26. THEATORIUM 3 REELS OF FILM EACH NIGHT One Hour (or Each Show. 2 and 3 Shows Each Night! ADMISSION - - 5 CENTS Each Night Except Saturday. J. S. MCENTAFFER REAL ESTATE, LOANS, AND INSURANCE. Office in The Dietrich Block. FEATURE FILMS! Howenstein-Burtocli Co. GENERAL HARDWARE. SHIVELY BROS. Tinning, furnace work, sash and door, paints and oils, wire and wire fencing, plumbing. Pneumatic water system for the farmer. Electric work and supplies. Own-make Harness, Horse Furnishings, Eckhart Buggies. EAST MARKET STREET. PHONE 35. 151-153 PAST MARKET STREET. KAUFMAN’S DEPARTMENT STORE Laces and Embroideries, Lace Curtains. A full line of China and Dinner-ware, Carpenters’ Tools, Garden Tools, Shovels, Oil Stoves, Express Wagons, and Push Carts, Etc., Etc. H. F. FRAZIER ARCHITECT DIETRICH BLOCK Everything for Everybody. COME ONE! COME ALL! Both great and small. We sell the hest of lumber. There are school hoards, town hoards, county hoards, all A hoards, hut seasoned hoards and well dressed hoards, we have in greatest number. LET US FIGURE YOUR BOARD BILLS E. NEWCOMER i SON. JEWELER AND OPTICIAN WATCH AND CLOCK REPAIRING A SPECIALTY MILLER LUMBER COAL CO. THE NAPPANEE CARRIAGE FACTORY NAPPANEE STEAM LAUNDRY ALL WORK GUARANTEED is the place to buy a buggy or harness and save money. See me before buying. Let us do your laundry work. It will he well done and cared for. SAM MILLER JESSE WELTY, Proprietor. FINE SHOES KINNEY HALL For up-to-date Footwear step into the Exclusive Shoe Store. The Leaders in Up-to-date Millinery. E. BLOSSER PHONE No. 195. 200 South Main Street. PERRY A. EARLY J. S. WALTERS LAWYER DRUGS - BOOKS WALL PAPER Goodman’s Restaurant! Short Orders. Lunch and Warm Meals. Cigars, Candy, Tobaccos. REED'S LIVERY PHONE 11. WEST MARKET STREET Nyal Remedies One for every human ailment. Every one guaranteed. Whatever a first-class drug store should have and what many do not have you will find here. C. W. JOHNSON SON DRUGGISTS GROCERIES AND RIGHT TREATMENT! R D, BURGENER, THE MARKET STREET GROCER, PHONE 96. THE PEOPLES IHT MARKET We handle Fresh and Smoked alu' Art Meats of all kinds. When in We will have special prices to all Gradu- want of anything nice, call on ates for photographs. Young Widmoyer Phone 53 G. E. MILLER HEADQUARTERS for South Bend and all standard watches. Eyes examined and glasses properly fitted. Especial attention given to school children in this line. Claude R. Stoops, Jeweler and Licensed Optician. STRYCKER SON Feed and Sale Barn. Open day and night. TELEPHONE 72. CITY. The Thread of our Story is all upon the fashioning of stylish clothes, the cutting, fitting and finishing of high-class garments that the most particular dresser will he glad to wear. You do the selecting of the fabrics, and we have varied stock enough to suit all tastes. The result is a perfect fitting suit or overcoat, satisfaction to yourself and envy of your friends. C. A. DEISCH, The Tailor. French Dry Cleaning, Pressing and Repairing. WEISS CASH HARDWARE CO, Lowe Bros, high standard paint, Chi -Namel, Q uick Meal oil and gasoline cook stoves. Highest quality Mazda and Tungston electric lights at greatly reduced prices. £lu' Nappamu' Nrmb. altr Npmb Stonkatnrr. (Sor nu N. fKurray. roprtrtnr Few men are born printers, some acquire the trade and many just work at it. The manufactured product at this office will show you the difference between the propositions by comparing work with that from other shops. D. RICKERT y SONS Dry Goods, Furnishings, Groceries Men’s Department Arrow Skirts Monarch Shirts Famous Shirts Arrow Collars Walk-Over Shoes Tiger and Champion Hats J. S. Temple Neckties Eiffel Hosiery Ed. V. Price y Co., Made-to-Measure Clothes Women’s Department Royal Worcester Corset Palmer Garment Queen Quality Shoes Potter s Silks J. S. Coats Thread All things regarded up to date for women American Ladies Tailoring Co. Perfection Flour—Blended winter and spring Matchless Flour—Patent Blended winter and spring Vesta Flour—Patent winter A-One Flour—Patent spring COPPES, ZOOK MUTSCHLER COMPANY, GIFT BOOKS H. C. FIDLER. Cash Store FOR “THE QUALITY STORE Graduating Presents at Where you find Ladies and Misses L. L. BRYSON S, REDFERN SUITS and COATS. Irving Drew Shoes for Ladies and Kaufman s Pre-Shrunk clothing for Young Men. The REXALL DRUG STORE. Phone No. 45. FARMERS TRADERS BANK NAPPANEE, INDIANA. FOR UP-TO-DATE MILLINERY CALL ON CAPITAL - - - $40,000.00 Surplus and other property outside of banking business as additional security to depositors over $75,000.00 Total resources over - - $300,000.00 MRS. C. D. PETTIT, est Market St. Nappanee, Indiana. Your money works for you too when it is in our bank. When your money works, you need to work less. We pay three per cent interest on TIME DEPOSITS, or will be glad to furnish you with a cheeking account, in any amount from $1.00 up. THE Antiseptic Barber Shop Farm and Town Property Bought and Sold. GOOD BARBERS, SHARP RAZORS. SATISFACTION GUARANTEED. Insurance Yritten in the Strongest Companies. T. J. PRICKETT, HARRY E. PRICE, Proprietor. NAPPANEE. 1ND. CATARRH BALM :Tk News Bookstore If you have catarrh, cold m the head or hay fever call at 158 North Main Street and get a SAMPLE FREE. The place for Art Goods, Fine Stationery, Books and Magazines. A BIG LINE OF POST CARDS!