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Page 22 text:
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that a place of public execution be established, some ingenious mind, adting under the influence of the gruesomeness of P0tter's Field, suggested that there could be no bet- ter place for a public gallows than this selfsame field. And so here it was that high- waymen, horsethieves, and even later a negress, Rose Butler, swung at the end of a rope while a delighted audience looked on with sadistic glee, meanwhile, members of the nimble-fingered gentry picked pockets. More and more figures of national prominence came to live in Greenwich Village. Adams, the Vice-President, took up residence on Richmond Hill, which we now call MacD0ngal Street 5 Aaron Burr, indidted as our country's great conspirator, and killer of Hamilton in that notorious duel, lived on this estate of the Vice-President on Richmond Hill. It was from this house that Burr went forth on July 11, 1804, to fight the duel with Hamilton. Having been defeated in his attempt to secure the governorship of New York through the efforts of Hamilton, Burr had challenged his opponent to this duel. Crossing the Hudson to the foot of the Wiehawken Heights, Burr mortally wounded Hamilton at the first shot, thus ending simultaneously, both the life of a great Bgure in American history, and his own public career. 4. HE MODERN visitor is amused by the twisting and turning of the Village Streets. The contrast between the military-like regularity and precision of the more recently built thoroughfares and the whimsicalities of Fourth Street, which pursues its shadow across Tenth Street and Eleventh Street, and finally catches up with itself at Twelfth Street is not as strange in origin as may be supposed. There was a very good reason, away back in those early days, for the Village streets to have been fashioned as they were. Working under the intimidation of small-pox and yellow fever, which had brought the new settlers to Greenwich Village, the self-appointed road engineers chose to build their streets along the meandering cowpaths already in existence rather than delay intravillage communication by clearing thickets or filling in the sand marshes which stood in the way of restilinear streets. Houses were popping up on either side of a lane. Financiers of the Bank of New York, equally susceptible to disease with the lesser city folk, came rushing to the health resort, bought eight lots fronting a nameless lane and eredted a row of mansions for their families. This invasion by the monied men of N ew York is recorded in the Village by the name given to that lane . . . it is now Bank Street. It was more expedient to take whatever lanes and paths were in existence, and build roads or streets on them than it would have been to deliberate, legislate, and make elaborate plans for more efficient thoroughfares. The human interest story did creep into the docu- mentary evidence of the old Village, as far as this street problem is concerned. It is recorded that in 1800, that doughty burgher, Brevoort, imbued with a patrician pride which clung to things traditional, chased a party of surveyors OH his estate with a wicked-looking blunderbuss in order to prevent them from putting Eleventh Street through his property. So it was that the builders, confronted with natural or human obstacles, permitted U81 fee 4 N6 VN if fs 11 .. 4 Tr Els Messrs.- - e-:en+x
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Page 21 text:
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3. O THE American school-boy the year 1776 is as well known and as familiar as is his A B C. But an event that is not so well known is that when the Father of our country was retreatmg under Howes feroc1ous attack he w1thdrew h1s m1l1t1a from Brooklyn I-Ielghts and Long Island and retreated step by step through the Czty 0 N ew York, the Hudson, and across New Iersey to a safe pos1t1on on the banks of the Dela ware Then he made h1S headquarters 1n Peter Warren s mans1on 111. Greenw1ch V1llage George W'ash1ngton, at a most trylng per1od of h1s mxlxtary career had l1ved 1n, and had breathed the healthy a1r of Greenw1ch V1llage' An amusmg 1nc1dent wh1ch accompan1ed the last mfluence left by S1r Peter occurred 1n 1787, when the trustees of h1S estate, harassed by the quarrels and pet1t1ons of S1r Peter s he1rs, threw d1ce 1n order to make a part1t1on of the property sausfadtory to all part1es concerned The homestead was won by Lady Abxngdon, she later sold It for a l1ttle over two thousand dollars, the property changed several hands unt1l 1t was purchased by Van Nest, 1n 1819, for S15 000 The s1te of thxs h1stor1cally mterestmg area can today be traced by a lme drawn around the square enclosed by Fourth Bleeker, Perry, and Charles Streets W1th so much a6t1v1ty gomg on 1n thls portlon of Manhattan, 1t was 1nev1table that there be an 1mprovement m roads connectmg the C1ty w1th the V1llage Two roads were w1dened and 1mproved for travel, the Greertwzch and the Post Roads Of these, the former IS now Greemuzeh Street and the latter Astor Place These fasts can be ascerta1ned by prolonged 1nvest1gat1ons mto anc1ent documents and plans of the Clty now 111 the hands of the New York H1stor1cal Soc1ety But one mterestmg feature of Old Greertwzch Lane wh1ch cannot be explamed 1S the d1sappearance of a monument to General Wolfe and an obehsk, both of Wh1Ch are definltely known to have stood at e1ther end of the lane and both of wh1ch were removed so completely and so effedhvely, that no trace of e1ther remams Away to the north of Greerzwzch Lane, up 1n the country wh1ch 1S now Madzsort Square, there ex1sted a Potter s Fzeld But the pauper funerals d1d not blend very well w1th the handsome up mto that same country on a cheerful Sunday afternoon, so lt was ordered that a new s1te for homeless, fr1endless and pennxless corpses be found Thus d1d the area wh1ch we now call Washzngton Square become Potter s Fzelcl Later, when the ex1genc1es of the law courts demanded 'E' .T..7S,,Tg X 4 5 The 5 ?m gw .1 fy Tigris f 'Mali' 5 '55 mg?ElPa Q' N2 C ,ne ff 17'1l,'I,l't7J 1 mx ga U 1,1 N J H 1,11 ll' Q ,111 57' ' 1 fl PM we 15311 U' I :,, v N 'an ,Y l xl Klux Wu' V lj l M1 xl 'al 17 Ns- :Elf-fl J 3 - - , 1 . . . . . , . . Q . . . ' Q . 5 A e-A1 -11 'aff-eff e. vi 127 '-Q , 111 . . ftrifjfaz' -1, --2 :3-A13-lr -' if 313, 11---ja-iii? f W g 2- , 15,25 9 5.11111 . ,' 751' 1 ' ' w , 5-L 1-1 - 1 . War 51, -, 'I' , 11 Pele 1 2 t' fn fr- - aa .12,r,, .wr -513414 ' ' 611 1251512 1. .f1'1l2Lff?-wif ' ' ,y.1-fa-'m1,.,-1f,1.' ,r ' . , 41,1 - 12:--1, . . . 1,,:1S?13 ,21:: ?f1:'i-Ee,-IfTlE'113E7i?:?' mf I 'ffftla - v.1,,r: Nui., y,,.g1Q11,-,1. f ,ri it 5,-'11, Vw xi:.,1g,-.-:-11-15.11Q:.vg1f.1,3,1j,,,..1-11I:,:,1t.- X' get t- W., A 3,5 1. F ,0..115-113-91, 11,14 'a1Jg,j-1 151.11-,,x..A-Q:-. 3- Taxa? .viva :1,4..5, fri - Q - 1 1 ff: - Q. - - rf:-F115 F 1 1.. ,r,s'1s1-V.,-'11 -jf' --1.12 ' , 1525511 - - 4:111111:'a1111:2a1:f+xf' P, ' 1 Sea- near: 22:22.s'.xf:':.1.:.15:11-52. Mai' . if -Ywi: 'E'1 1133: .tigwf '61 fb - - - fffiawaamnei-11,11ma.1,1',l1,, 1 lzfl vm 11 .11 aa. carr1ages of the wealthy who would go drwmg ,fgvglflgw Q91 ik-gswt'f:.E:g'.,g'-511.1 1 .g, ' 1.2 5,31 1 ,..,l'j' -:Q . 5a.ff.q511g-sig? - W I - fiE53l5mfgqMgg,, ll! My l:wEEQ1ig,1151111, -1 1 'V'-22.11, ffm, ' ' ' ' .1,. 51 iff-1 34 ,5 1' ' '7?.7'f11f'1?'l14.1f. 'll f1f??e3Lf15l - ' l, 11t2:?3y11't5lq 'IW e'121ebsw:1f',1u,1-Mk' ,f!',1111. 'M 1 ' '15'i'!'f::. V ', 1i l1' P -EQTEE- :i:'1f ,1F'1.f lu. 1wLi fEef:-11l'M.,lIl1 ,1 lu' 1i'1t3ji,1gZP,a.l1?1fQ ' ' ll 1 1-f1ffmlM'14l N ' 'f- ,1 KA FQ fl' 'ii'f'7 ' 1 1. 25575: 1514911 . i1'7'f1f1lll::. H all l 11lt:1lll111 3 291311 1 - - , 1gQ '9uW...,1 L'l5illfgJ'i1la - Ifjll '.,y1111 - ., 1 '11 1111 , 11 1 -'11l'a1 . 1 - 11,dQa1.11M FQ -1,141 '11 .lil , ' . -11 :f1-qv .'4-111.,t,1,-ilu, J A ' gL:2,jM+11.311,-M' fa, ' ' , 14 - 1191.1 ,1 5-1, 'J' C1 1 , ':,1'1.'f' f.,: --miarv 7-l.3YF-35:-i',fi:':11f ' P137 L! W 1 1iii1ff1111.- 1-1 412' gg V ,ot '4-,ip K 1 e 1 2 4444 e , F P antera.- 'Vocaexsf-'9
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Page 23 text:
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their streets to flow, like spring freshets, around such obstructions which could not be surmounted. In a later day, when the creative mind of an O. Henry, a Dean How- ells, a Walt Whitman, or a Richard Harding Davis sought refuge from the monotony of meticulous, man-made Manhattan streets they appreciated and came to live in the crazy-quilt pattern of the Village lanes, places, and squares. The evolution and growth of the Village as a community was recognized by New Yorkers to such an extent that in 1810 a line of stage coaches began to operate be- tween the City and the Village. Although perhaps not as elaborate as the Fifth Avenue Buses which now do an about face in Washington Square, still those buses of a cen- tury ago were noble carriages in their own right. Of brightly painted wooden exte- riors, and decoratively lined interiors, they assured as much comfort as did the straw- covered floors assure warmth to the adventurous passenger embarking upon a sojourn away from the city, up into that new little town of Greenwich Village, That stage line was not a misplaced venture on the part of its owners, for, in 1822, another smallpox epidemic broke out in the City, causing every known sort of vehicle adaptable for transportation to triple in its value. A Vesuvian volcanic eruption could not have made New Yorkers flee into the open country any faster than they fled before the epidemic. John Lambert, writing a sketch of New York in 1807, de- scribed the sickness as follows: As soon as this dreadful scourge made its appearance in New York, the inhabitants shutiup their shops and flew from their houses into the coun- try. Those who cannot go far, on account of business, removed to Greenwich, a small 'village situated on the border of the Hudson River, about two or three miles from the town. Here the merchants and others have their ojices and carryl on their concerns with little danger from the fever, which does not seem contagious beyond a certain distance. The banks and other public ojices also remove - he e e their business to this place, and markets are regularly established for the supply of the in- habitants. Very few are left in the confined parts of the town except the poorer classes and 1 the negroes. The latter, not being ayfefted by the fever, are of great service at the dreadful crisis, and are the only persons who can be found to discharge the hazardous duties of at- tending the sick and burying the dead. Upward of 20,000 people removed from the interior parts of the city and from the streets near the water-side in 1806. Although this graphic description seems, to the modern eye, unwarranted, it must be remembered that all this occurred before the 19 V 096 NIP? -cl L J fi 't Ml ' eral -4 at
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