Missouri State University - Ozarko Yearbook (Springfield, MO)

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Homecoming parade - float division 1960's One of the SMS theater productions Scabbard and Blade Blood Drive

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Historical Roots Of SMSU Dr. Duane G. Meyer There were many forces at work between the years 1894 and 1907 which led to the establishment of the Fourth District Normal School of Springfield. Those forces were ultimately successful in securing passage of enabling legislation in 1905 and the be- ginning of construction of new facilities two years later. Governor Joseph W. Polk spoke for over an hour to an estimated crowd of 20,000 people when the cornerstone of Academic Hall Know Carrington Halll was laid. It was August 10, 1907. Folk ex- tolled the virtue of education to the people of Southwest Missou- ri. Academic Hall was the first structure erected on the new 38- acre campus donated to the State for the school. The new Car- thage-stone building was praised for its handsome archi- tecture and described as being modern as science can pro- vide. Let us now look at several of the forces which led to the establishment of the School. The most important factor, and the first one to be noted here, was the idealism rampant at the turn of the century. Southwest Missouri was no longer a fron- tier area. There was a national reform movement sweeping across the country out of the rev- elations of the Muckrakers and fed by reforming politi- cians. These political leaders were directing an ideological crusade which focused on the need for education - particular- ly teacher education -- and gov- ernmental regulation in order to reform corrupt institutions and policies. This movement - usu- ally known as the Progressive Movement - had many adher- ents in Missouri, but Joseph Folk was the acknowledged lead- er. Folk had been a crusading prosecuting attorney in St. Louis before being elected Govenor. In 1905 the General Assembly had agreed to Governor Folk's re- quest for the establishment of two new normal schools in Mis- souri at Springfield and Mary- ville. These new schools were part of the Progressive thrust in Missouri to reform and improve society through the encourage- ment of teacher education and public elementary and secon- dary education. A secondary factor behind the establishment of the new school at Springfield was the real edu- cational need of the rural people of this portion of the state. Southwest Missouri was over- whelmingly rural in character. Only six cities had over 5,000 population in 1900. They were as follows: Joplin 26,0237 Springfield 23,267p Carthage 9,426p Webb City 9,201p Nevada 7,461p and Aurora 6,191. Farmers had small acreages and carried on a diversified agriculture which included some corn pro- duction, oats production, wheat production, as well as the raising of livestock and the cultivation of large gardens. There were a few specialized farms which concentrated on the production of apples, peaches, and strawber- ries. Mining was still an impor- tant activity. Railroads had been in the area for thirty years. It is interesting to note that the first private automobile did not reach Springfield until 1905, the year the normal school was autho- rized. Southwest Missouri was a rural area with a population that was demanding greater educa- tional opportunities. A third force in the establish- ment of the new normal school was the apparent need for a re- placement for an existing pro- prietary normal school in Springfield. Drury College had been established thirty years earlier as a private liberal arts school. However, the school that had the closest relationship with the new State Normal School was the Springfield Normal and Business College, which was a proprietary institution. This school, commonly called Spring- field Normal, was established in 1894 and was operated in a building' located at Pickwick and Cherry by Professor I.A. Taylor.