Indiana University - Arbutus Yearbook (Bloomington, IN)

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FE ltlistorical Sketch of the University, I 0 HEN Indiana was yet an almost unbroken wil- ff . V derness, and Bloomington but a frontier village i 0 of three hundred souls, Indiana University began its humble existence. Our Hoosier fathers early realized the advantages of a higher institution of learn- ing, and, in the Constitutional Convention of 1816, they declared for a system of education ascending in regular gradation from township schools to a State University. Eleven days after this declaration had been made known, President Madison designated for seminary purposes a Congressional Township, which, on the organization of Monroe County, became a part thereof, under the name of Perry Township. On the zoth of january, 1820, the Legislature of the State passed an act establishing the State Seminary, and appointing a Board of Trustees with power to select its site on the reserved township, to sell a part of the land, to erect the necessary buildings and to open the school. The site chosen was what is now known as the Old College Campus. The reason for the choice was that there was a spring of pure water near by, wells were as uncommon in those days as universities. In 1824 two buildings had been completed, the one for school purposes, the other for a professor's :3:We are indebted to the Hou. D. D. Banta for meet of this article. residenceg and on the ISI day of May, at half-past 9 o'clock, the State Seminary opened its doors for the receptionof students. Of the opening day a recent historian says: On that May morning of the last year of the first quarter of a century now-nearing its close, a nre was kindled on this altar of learning that has never been extinguished? A general misunderstanding as to the lines of study to be pursued came near extinguishing this flame, however, before it had been fairly kindled. Some thirty or forty boys came, on the first day, prepared to study readin', Writin' and spellin', while the single professor, was de- termined to teach nothing but Latin and Greek. The majority of the boys preferred manual labor to wrestling with Latin and Greek syntax, and only ten remained to begin the work. Of these ten, many afterwards held im- portant positions, one, Joseph H. Wriglit, became Gov- ernor of Indiana. L Three years after the opening, a second professor was added. In the fall of 1828 the school had taken such rank as to the general character of its work and the number of students in attendance, that the General Assembly of the State gave it a new charter under the name of The Indi- ana College.

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With the change from seminary to college came re- newed prosperity, the attendance increased, the curriculum was enlarged, new buildings were erected and additional professors were employed. The college soon became widely and favorably known for the signal ability of its professors. They were all scholarly and earnest men. Students from remote States were drawn to the institution, and in point of thoroughness and eiiiciency Indiana stood in the front rank of VVestern colleges of the day. In 1838 the growing importance of Indiana College led the Legislature to grant it a third charter, this time increas- ing its facilities for work and giving it its present title of The Indiana Universityf' For many years the scope of the work in the University was adapted to a small income. Mathematics, Ancient Languages and Philosophy constituted the chief courses of study, while the Modern Languages, the Sciences, Litera- ture and History received but scanty notice. Owing to nig- gardly legislative support, for thirty years almost entirely withheld, there was constant need of most careful financier- ing and the strictest economy. The growing demand for a broadening of the curriculum, resulted in a gradual increase in the expenses. Two courses were open to the common-V wealth: to meet this demand, or to hamper the growth and usefulness of the University by withholding pecuniary aid. In 1867, women were, for the first time, admitted to the University. This added to the attendance, and likewise to the cost of maintenance. In this year the Legislature appropriated to the use of the University the sum of 88,000 annually. This beneiicent act of the State, the first of its kind in the history of the institution, was followed by such an increase in attendance that in 1873 it was found neces- sary to make an annual appropriation of the additional sum 0f315,o00. ' This increased appropriation made it pos- sible for the work of the University to go on with a steady advance in breadth and thoroughness. A new building was erected, extensive additions were made to the labora- tories, museum and library, and the teaching force was increased and strengthened. During a heavy thunder storm on the night of the 12th of July, 1883, the new Science Hall, in which were the library, the laboratories, the Owen cabinet, and extensive Zoological collections, went up in flame and smoke. The Board of Trustees met at once and decided to begin the work of rebuilding without delay. It was decided to abandon the campus as too small for future expansion and too near the railroad for quiet work. The Board selected as the new site that high, rolling tract of woodland, on the east side of town, known as Dunnis Woods. With a donation of 550,000 from Monroe county and the funds received from the insurance companies, the buildings were erected, These 'buildings were named in honor of men who have contributed much to the success of Indiana University-Andrew Wylie, Richard Owen and james D. Maxwell. The General Assembly of 1886 appropriated 343,000 for the purpose of providing the books, apparatus and furniture needed in the new buildings.