Central High School - Red and Black Yearbook (St Louis, MO)

Text from Pages 1 - 282 of the 1933 volume:

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Q. ff ' ' ,, , ,iz f f 'H , My gm' fi Q V' . F. ff' 'IM' , '1 ' f, 4 f Am.. .Y QM f fe J' - :lf 'LA L... , . Mm y A V..-:fix-P-f,,?5 gf- 'Z A , M U1 5 A 'lf W-.L .Lf:,.14:iJ ww '- J fsgyggqfviwf-q :xgfi7Q'gzgyv1 k M 5' A V Y ef-4I1Ewrf5,gi2 Y H X A Sk A 'qkgwlx v 'n ' . ' L, iw ,wt L I S ,X ' , f V f fir .P Q X 57 1 x s, K4 2 25 ,Q 5559 1 T ,L if X F 2 1 ff' ' 1,1 1 -1 LTI T, f H: 1 .AA , '.'.k', ANNIVERSARY NUMBER-THE RED AND BLACK , w. ' t ...af v. . A 'wx Q. . ' . ' , Na. N f A , 1 'sg 1 3, if f s. at N7 RM? Eighty Years of Progress in St. Louis s ,ft , . 33 is X XR Ezghtieth Anniversary of Central High School Dedicated to W. J. S. Bryan 1 1 f ACKNOWLEDGMENTS TO MISS TERESA M. FINN, of Soldan, for suggestions con- cerning a list of St. Lou.s musicians. MISS MARY POWELL, of the Art Museum, for the use of her book, Public Art in Sl. Louis. MISS DENA LANGE, of Roosevelt High School, for valu- able suggestions and for the use of engravings from her History of St. Louis. MR. RALPH MOONEY, of the Southwestern Bell News, and MR. CLARENCE MILLER. of the Mercantile Library. for suggestions concerning a list of St. Louis authors. THE BOARD OF EDUCATION, for the loan of engravings from Miss Lange's history. MR. JOHN M. RING. of the Industrial Club, for informa- tion and pamphlets on Industrial St. Louis, and for engravings. THE ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRITANNICA and MR. ANTON SCHUTZ, for the etching of St. Louis, used as the frontis- piece. MR. JACK SULLIVAN, of the Mirror, for the cut and biography of William Marion Reedy. W1EsE PRINTING COMPANY. SANDERS AND MELSHEIMER, Engravers. BECKTOLD COMPANY, Binders Cnuxlrw nt I ncyclup.rmIi.x t5ril.1nn1c.1 and Mr. Anlnn Schutz Mn' SSW? I Fibre. fri I 'ASHA H UI .Ir ' si' It In' -J-4 I 'Nbr I f- 'IJ 1' ...W I IQ 1 'HI EW 3' 7 V P F, 'rn Ts, 36 in H vw HH Fi? .Y .AML y 5 'I U ,VIII 5 1 . , ,h ,I - is Ira I at .pf 1 A I gif' .'k,:g,zs.- EK li ir! 'gn' V, 5.1 'J I i ,gf I II f?'I:If3 Q My ll! It 'ji C ' H M 11 72' Ciljrilp R I vw 9' tiara If 4' ' , V I M 4 I 'IM'-1ra'j1 4 lui' I W -gvfl .LI I Y: ' n., ' I I ff iw Q 7'-it 8 'Q' 1' tn .1 ' Lffx A, M ya K- 'L '-., 1. . ' - , .Ll I, -13 Ed If 'I - yr np ?N.i5 ,. v I Y I r' H, I ,. L1 I W QIWIIII-i ,ff ':x,,,f ,fi It A 'Fax ' Q. fx .- 1, ..:x, I ,fi i , , if xl III' r', M1 J 4 I MODERN BUILDINGS IN ST. LOUIS A view of Tenth Street, from an etching by Anton Schutz, showing in the background the Southwestern Bell Telephone Building Qsee Plate IJ, one of the largest of recent business buildings in St. Louis 't 1 I. , yi 4, I I we THE RED A D BLACK January and June 1 9 3 3 E A5255 5 'E Q, ,:-Q which N g AWK , - f ' .9 spit' 1 V kqyz, X , Q 3 Wx , .. ' Volume XVI WT AL HIGH S 'NHQQL CEL R L SAINT LOUIS,MISSOURI x STEPHEN A. DOUGLASS Principal of Central High School since 1920 D. H. WEIR Asszfslum Pr1'm'1'paI of Cmfrul Hzgh 541711111 mum' lfllfl 17AN'1 '1'11f1S1V1 1311 1.111111 KX'1'1'1', 'H 111 u111'h sof11g1 171'l'Ll117I'I7ff 11-111 Ur 11cm1L'1'1', 117 111017 x1'l1'171 Xj7l'L'Lx17 Ol' I1'111' 111' x!cm1', M11 Clam' spwzlzx A1711 I 1l'X1L'l?. ln vcwh 1771'1o111'o11.w .wngf Ol- 1U1'1'17 111' 171fJf,f1-1111 1J1'1'11'. In v11c'h 1J1I'11'7C.XOl77l' 11ll'lL' 111 17111011 or 171'1'1'X1'. My C1011 8177118 111711 1 11'x11'17. 117 UU Zhu L'OXI77I'C mcloclfvs CD1 l7tl1UI'l', S1'11'n1 111711 LILL'U!I' 1 .S1LlI7iI' A1 1171'11' 11'1117s11111o17.' For 1 hun' my Cod. H1711 1 1I..N1t'I7. ilu iiirmuritnn Paul H. Conant joined the Central High School faculty in October, 1928. in the capacity of teacher of Social Science and Footf ball Coach. Before he had completed his fourth year of service here, ill health compelled him to take a leave of absence, and in October. 1932, he died. During the compara- tively short time that he worked in this school. Mr. 1 Conant impressed both his pupils and his fellow- teachers with his quiet sin- cerity, and with his un- selfish devotion to duty. In his passing, Central High School has lost a man of sterling qualities and of high moral and in- tellectual ideals. It is with deep regret that we are obliged to record his untimely departure. XVe pause in the midst of the days work to pay a loving tribute to hs memory. and to express the conviction that his influence will continue to live in the hearts and minds of those who had the privilege of working with him. A Erihute During the summer of l03Z Central High School lost by resig- nation two teachers whose careers more or less paralleled each other. not only as to the length of service but also as to the department served. Ifor more than thirty years Miss Margaret li. Baker and Miss Carrie li. Grifhth taught side by side in the Held of English. During the period of their service the high school population of the city grew from a few hundred occupying a single building, to six high school units with more than hfteen thousand boys and girls enrolled. During these eventful years the high school curriculum has changed in many respects, but the chosen Held of Miss Baker and Miss Griffith has been one of the core subjects. To them belongs the credit of having each contributed a life time of earnest and faithful devotion to teaching hundreds of young people the fundamentals of the linglish language. as well as the beauties of its literature. They have both left a lasting impress upon the minds and hearts of a large body of youth who had the privilege of attending their classes. No one may ever know exactly how extensive their beneftcent influ- ence has been. but there can be no doubt of the sincerity and genuineness of their work. and of the high quality of their services to the youth of St. l.ouis. Central High School extends its sincere appreciation to both of these excellent women as they terminate their active services in the school, and wishes for each of them a happy and merited leisure, after a life of untiring devotion to the cause of education. E,,,,,m,L.,,.,,,,,A,,,,A.,,......W.M , ,WH,,W, CONTENTS Dedicahon The City Edqcatien ?c5enfea u r F316 Qeazizresaiion The Schoci The Sensors Grgamzahons Editorial The: Mnrroa Sporib Jests E E 00? , 1 1 1 N 5 If M M 5 a ' ww- , fr - .- Q n ww ww K - ' ' V 'lf . - ' A.. A ' 1 4 N I .NJ ' K .Y fig :If . fx 4 2 ,I wk X L ' ,,.J- K E Q q,xY 's1 B if H, 7, i, K ' u I fauna 3, Mfrglggiki, ,.fL- K 3 ' 5 f '!w,,1.,, I ax.. ' A - TS - 'A A 4 - . 4 , ,,.. Qvev- d ' Q 'ww my M gx M, . , . . x xi ,w i N' .13 F! f m 5 i 3 1 Q 'z 22 Qs w A-11 115 arab oJber'e'Chrfo Glmms that unlcrf-mv el ind Gfef all CrS DG15 iCfDQ6 3.5 an , V worId,,who5e: margin Sacks Tor ever .and Tow awe? when I move? Q Q Tennyson? Ulwgsses . L ,M 1. f Pi, ' u gh Q. f '?Lmg,,55w., . ' : 5 L 'ir gf -1' 5, Z' 53 , ,M fin W2 Z XV. J. S. BRYAN, P!'lvl7l'IAlDll1 of CNL'l7lI'i!I High School S4-plcmlwr, 1895-Junr. 10418 Behirtttiun I am a part of all that I have met: Yet all experience is an arch wherethro' Gleams that untravel'd world. whose margin fades Ifor ever and for ever when I move. -Tennyson's Ulu ssas This Ilightielh Anniversary Number of the RipD AND BLACK is respectfully and lovingly dedicated to Mr. Williani J. S. Bryan. whose life has paralleled that of the school it represents, The Central High School owes more to Mr. Bryan than to any other person who has contributed to its development. As Pupil, Alumnus. Teacher. Assistant Principal, and Principal. he has ever upheld the institution which has been a part of his very life, In keeping with Tennyson's immortal words quoted above. the Central High School is today what it is. because of the influence of the men and women who have had to do with its eighty years of continuous development. None may lay claim to a more vital con- tact than may Mr, Bryan, He has looked through the arch of experience and has seen the educational margin fade and a new margin cmcrge. until the high school that sprang into existence just a month before h: was born, has enlarged its borders and grown to be the great influence it is today. Throughout eighty significant years Old Central has stood at the very heart of the city. It has had an important part in helping to mould the lives and destinies of thousands of the cIty's most promis- ing youth. The wide spread of Mr. Bryans influence from the portals of his Alma Mater can not be estimated. He himself has dis- seminated and perpetuated the moulding power of this old school, Through many years he has enthusiastically passed on to others the inspiration that he received as a student here. So long as Central High School shall continue to open its doors to aspiring young people, the influence of Central's Grand Old Man will go on and on. The school deems it an honor and high privilege to dedicate this special number of the RED AND BLACK to him in grateful acknowledgment of the lasting work he has done for the youth of his generation and for the youth of generations yet to come. Thirteen ........... ., ,,.-....,..M..., , ,-,sf . Q-fa' f 4 , g..f--v ' 'r W.. -Qw,pW A .srl I 4. gl' H 2 uh N 1 xx? rss A 'r if 1 gl, M2 ,e,,,. S vfifsgagm sf mv' 4 .R if' w , .f' 7 ' ' ig! If sgm ,g -,w ff . 'z ,.,...,4.,,.MN,,.,........v,N...M W, M n......,.........,. w---- W wmwwww Ww..K..xM,.. , mm ,..A M,..,...................f..... .-.MW , 'vga-gi: .. :':3,:- :L f, 5 'D E f 'S X gr ,Q .4 3 ,135 . Bt g , el Q I9 M F E 2 2 1 1 5 3 W u 6 . 5 wx, WAI, . bil! N-1-'Rau-. 1 1 2 ,,-ww af J 2 -.. A .,m-fM.......,..,,...,N-f-..-.....,..........,, ..W.m.f.w-,4,..,-N A kwin' H . AGUADO Q 1:7-:,-.:..-1-ffmrw M A 5 11 . THE MOUND CITY By Marshall Harnil THE PRAYER Oh lVlorpheus.' Take us upon thy wings Ot peaceful dreams to strange and anrient realms. Take us into the dim and distant past. Away from turmoils of the worldly life: To regions, though about us, far removed Hy spare of time. Oh Prince of dreams. thou who Cans! take the souls of men into the past. And that which is to be. we thenee invoke Thy aid. Reverse the llow of sands of time And that ol' mighty rivers, whose great streams Long sinre have merged into the ocean with The rains of ages. XVe would that we might Go bark to the heginning, as it were, XVhen all upon the face of Mother Earth XVas new. Before the massive monarchs of God's noble forests in the Ozark hills Wt't'tr embryos contained within a seed. Remove the shades that mar the vision of That early age when strange men trod this ground, That we might know the chararter of man That owned this aneient valley as his home. Oh Morpheus' we humbly lay our plea Before thee in the hope thy will shall be To penetrate with us vast solitudes And purge the valleys grime. and dust of time. THE ANSXVER lt shall be so. O Man, for nobly sought, Indeed, this thing thou askst of me: transport Unhesitatingly I grant. 'Tis thine. Thou neetlst but tlo these simple things I ask Of thee, lest thou in all thy erstasy And boundless awe. shouldst be tferrome. alas, Hy wonders in thy journeys thou shalt see: Or lest. in some age intervening. thou Shouldst yet be lost. Upon thy Consciousness I rast my spell of sleep, and now transport Thee safely rross the span of countless years: Close fast thy lids, release thy soul to me. THE VISION Home on sweet dreams, review the passing show. Arross the fields of time and spare we fly. Upon our spirits' eager fare, beat winds That dormant, long. within that empty void Ot' life have lain. All round. the mighty sky Sixteen Vfe view: below. the earth-its vast terrain. Behold thou Man. the rity of thy birth Has disappeared as if it ne'er had been. Ah see, 'tis long before the white man fame To mar the pagan beauty of the land. liar down below. we view a mighty stream O'ergrown on either bank hy stately trees. The wondrous beauty of the valley wide: Off in the distanre, rolling hills of green. And, bursting forth beyond those ern'rald hills. Arising in full majesty. the sun- The blazing glory of its mighty sphere. Its entourage of lleeey golden clouds. Hailed by the feathered sonasters of the wood. Such harmony of color and of soundf Beholdf YVhat is this thing that greets our sight As dawn removes the shadows of the night? Ah. surely, eyes, thou art deceiving us: For things like this exist indeed in books. But not in truth upon the face of the earth. See, on the level of the valley's floor, An anrient city, peopletl by strange men Of mighty build and copper-colored skin. Upon their knees. fare to the dust, as though ln rev'rent worship to the sun above. ln rhythmic motion. as they rise and fall And chant their mystic songs in fervent prayer Before returning to the day and toil. They rise to go about their varied tasks. And multitudes of natives rrowcl the ways. XVe go, unseen by them. along their streets. tlfor bear in mind. were of a later day.t Ah. now that we are rlose at hand to view The type of man these ancients used to be. We quake: for they imleed are men of might. The smallest one among them towering high Above our tallest man by one full head. Their hair of raven hue tossed by the winds, Their rolling muscles glist'ning neath the sun. Their gallant tread, and flashing, jet-black eyes- Their striking beauty thrills our very soulsf With interest born of euriosity W'e watch them. as each goes about his task. Some making little ornaments from bone And rainbow-colored shells from bubbling brooks XVe marvel at the skillful hands of one l'Continued on page 39j 7 5 Q X . . I 'I' X,hv . THE CITY By the Eerg kilns and the noisy marls. By city and town I race, The smiles and tears of u million hcarls Are mirrored in my face: The hiss and Ihr' Curse, the sob und the song. The cry of the weak ami the shout of Ihr szrongi I gather them all as I hurry along, And srutler' them all apuce. From The Great River ffFrederick Oakes Sylvester N the banks of the mighty Mississippi there stands a glorious city as a monument to a young man and his stepson who gave of their money, of their thoughts, and of their very lives to conceive a settlement which was to have all the advantages one could desire, which might become a very considerable hereafter. Today the same settlement that was born under the eyes of those two adventurers has grown and prospered beyond human con- ception, until now it is the foundation of a great metropolitan city, many of whose buildings of granite and marble brush the very clouds of heaven with their towering pinnacles, many of whose industries rival-surpass sometimes- those of its country and even of the world, and whose bridges of iron and steel form a golden gateway to a golden west. Surely it would be of the greatest interest to all to look back and see in the eyes of our minds the romance and tragedy, the joys and sorrows, the obstacles that have risen and fallen in the ages past that have made a great city out of a tiny settlement, that have made it more than a mass of stone, steel, and glass, have given to it a heart and soul to understand. Let us now turn back the pages of time and note how this great city of ours reached its present height. A man and two treaties made St. Louis. In November of 1762 Louis XV of France gave to the King of Spain, in a written form, the Louisiana territory. The undelivered gift was kept an international secret. Three months later Louis purchased peace with England by giving her what had been French possessions east of the Mississippi. These were the treaties that afforded Pierre Laclede, a French fur-trader, the opportunity to found his city. When, in 1762, Laclede received a grant from the French government at New Orleans conferring on him the privilege of exclusive trade with the savages of the Missouri for a term of eight years, a company, consisting of mechanics, trappers, hunters, and farmers, was hastily organized. In August of the following year Laclede's company, including little Auguste Chouteau, Laclede's stepson, left New Orleans. In those days there were no steamboats and the trip up the river proved to be a long, rough journey. And when in three months, they reached Fort Chartres, a settlement across the river and ten miles above St. Genevieve, Laclede found, much to his disappointment, that he was on English soil. Now what was to be done? Being a true Frenchman, Laclede was Seventeen , MW 4qAN L Q 9.3 . ,,...........-,.,.....-. ..-M . e 1 EQKTYW -.., ,. -, -.-, ,.,-..-..mN ,,,,Q 2 .. ,veg . ww-T115 ai Aww ea. f' determined to live on his native soil. But where was he to go? Why couldn't he build his settlement on the west side of the river? Was not that French soil? But was it? Unknown to Laclede, that land had been given to Spain. lt did not take him long to decide that Fort Chartres was inadequate and poorly situated for his purpose. Leaving his family, Laclede, together with Auguste Chouteau, and a few other followers, set out to explore the western bank of the river. They traveled many miles through the cold, unknown region. Laclede Iinally became interested in a spot later named Mill Creek Valley. Climbing to the top of a small hill, later named the Hill of St. Louis, he surveyed the land below. lt was a picturesque spot. Sloping down toward the river were two heavily wooded plateaus. These, he reasoned, would provide splendid ground on which to build a settlement, the trees furnishing adequate timber. Behind him, in the near distance, were the fertile plains. They would furnish the common fields. Descending from the hill, he studied the movement of the river. The current ran strong in shore, disappearing rapidly just off the strip of wet sand. Here was an excellent harbor for any settlement. Two gullies afforded access from the Hrst plateau to the river bank some twenty feet below. While the low, rocky cliff would afford protection from a swollen river, the gullies would make good boat landings. While the northern gully became the foot of Washington Avenue, the southern gully later became the foot of Walnut Street. Laclede marked the spot, so that he would know it when he returned, by blazing some trees. It is interesting to know that this spot later became the present site of the Old Court House. Since it was too cold to remain or even to think of starting a settlement, Laclede and his party went back to Fort Chartres, where he announced, I have found a situation where I intend to establish a settlement, which in the future shall become one of the most beautiful cities in America. When early spring arrived, Laclede sent Auguste Chouteau, then but a lad of thirteen years, at the head of a party of thirty men to build the first crude cabins of the new settlement, Laclede remaining at Fort Chartres to persuade as many of the French settlers as he could to move to the new village across the river. ln early March Laclede arrived, bringing with him a plan for his settlement. Let us see what it was to contain. There were to be three streets called Rue de L'Eglise, Rue des Ciranges, and Grand Rue. Of course there was a town square, called Place d' Armes, which faced the river, extending from our present Market Street to Walnut Street. A common Held was divided into forty strips, each of one hundred and ninety feet, and a settler was given one of these to cultivate for his own use. Of course every settlement must have a name. Laclede's had several names in its early history. At one time it was known as l,aclede's Village, after its III-11,711 er? Q- 3 H . it itll ., j .,A. , founder. It is frequently called The Mound City because of the large number of Indian mounds found here. But the name by which the world now knows it, was given by Laclede, himself, in honor of Louis IX, the patron saint of the then ruling Louis XV. When Laclede returned to the east side of the river, many of the French people asked that they be permitted to live in his new settlement. Laclede was eager to have them, for he realized that it would take people to put a new settlement on its feet. 0 A ik' 9 I' ima-Ffa: 3:51.--:Q ' ui--555 femme - .,--'U'---J --J -- -- -- ll 11 J --I . - DE mol n,ll,,Gl.l, ll lfl it tml for uma UUELMJDVWQI an :gr tu toss :ml CD53 l 11111111 'El lil lil Ill-.ll lQ9g TTTT-Eiiig -'-iii?-i, E - ,-f-!'7l2?E-T sig., Ti-' THE ssrvhrgiiuibrsr Lows - ' 1764 s FROM FUR-TRADING VILLAGE TO CITY fffourtesif of Miss Dena Langej E I MTBF Yours Population Years Population Years Population Years Population 1764 120 1820 4,928 1840 16,469 1870 310,963 1780 687 1828 5,000 1844 34,140 1890 575,238 1785 897 1830 5,852 1850 74,439 1910 687,029 1788 1,197 1833 6,397 1852 94,000 1920 772,897 1799 925 1835 8,316 1856 125,200 1930 821,960 1811 1,400 1837 12,040 1860 160,773 The permanence of St. Louis was established between 1764 and 1800. The settlement had not grown extensively as to the number of inhabitants, but it had progressed. It had rooted deeply and boldly. Every year saw the radius of the St. Louis sphere of influence lengthen. Up the Missouri crept a line of Out-pOSIS, tributary to St. Louis, each far more important to our city than hundreds of added inhabitants. The traders established and cultivated friendly relations with the Indians. The fur trade proved all it was expected to be, yielding as high as 200025 profit. As yet no hard money had been introduced. Land, food, clothing, in fact almost everything was bought with furs. However, fur trading had its problems. The city had too many fur-traders and not enough farmers. St. Louis became known, from New Orleans to Montreal, for its shortage of bread. Other settlements sent out fur-trading expeditions into the Missouri Nineteen .- , . am' 4 . e il L... 'T. '11'::f 'sfva :a:.1 a:1f':1f f K qi? M 'W' tew.'H'1-IE m ft territory to take the fur trade from St. Louis, but failed. Fur-trading pro- vided a romantic back- ground for the city. Men were taken away from their homes and sent into the wilderness, from which many never returned. But with all these problems St. Louis was an offspring of the fur trade and her growth for three-quarters of a century depended al- most entirely upon it. Heudzfuurlers of the American Fur Company al St. I.ol11's. 1855 St. Louis also had political trouble. New Orleans was objecting to the transfer of rule from France to Spain and was about to set up an independent government. lVlost of the people in St. Louis were relatives and friends of those in New Orleans, and for some time it was undecided whether these bonds of love would be strong enough to drag St. Louis into the revolutionary movement. The first attempt of Spain to enforce rule at New Orleans was made and at the same time forts were built at the mouth of the Missouri River above St. Louis. Spain's purpose was to absorb St. Louis. All these problems were successfully handled by Laclede in the large stone building that served as his home. lt was in his house that St. Louis was nursed. It was there that the government was established, not too elaborate, but suited to the needs of a com- munity that did not know whether it was under a colonial flag or was to be part of a new nation. When, in 1770, conditions became settled, there was nothing that Laclede and his associates had done that required undoing. St. Louis had faced and had overcome successive crises. The days of old St. Louis were. however, for the most part, happy ones. The French were light-hearted, hospitable people, unused to the luxuries of life and were contented with the conditions that they found. If any serious trouble did arise, it was settled by arbitration or bv one of the leading men. Civil government was inaugurated. Upon what authority? Land titles of the city trace back to that beginning. Was it self government? Was it consent of the governed, plain and simple, the basis of the law and order estab- lished in this community? If so, a chapter in American history is to be written. The principle of Americanism was born in St. Louisl There is one sad incident during the French rule in St. Louis that should not be overlooked. Of course, you have heard of Pontiac. It was in 1769 that this great Indian warrior came to St. Louis on a visit. He stayed several Tturntif re' V WW' it Q QF xr cf- X -AV1 M- - - - J mwm falsmm We sms. , ee-me weeks and then one day decided to visit an Indian tribe at Cahokia. He was Warned against going across the river where the English people were so hostile to him, but he disregarded this advice, declaring that he could take care of himself. After feasting during the day. he went into the woods at night and was struck on the head with a tomahawk and killed. As soon as this was heard, the governor ordered his body to be brought to St. Louis for burial. In the lobby of the old Southern Hotel on Broadway and Walnut Street, a tablet has since been erected in his honor. For some time the French had expected the coming of the Spaniards. When, in 1770, Don Pedro Piernas, the Hrst Spanish Commandant, came to St, Louis, he made no demonstration of authority. He received the city practically as it was, with very few changes to conform with Spanish law. He retained the appointees of the former government. He recognized the land grants made before his coming. In short he left St. Louis as he found it, ratified all that the community had done during its six years of existence, and proceeded along the lines familiar and acceptable to the seven hundred inhabitants. The Spanish governors enforced very limited government. Few Spanish laws were enforced except those bearing directly on the happiness and welfare of the people. In business affairs, in court contracts, and in practical essentials, the people of St. Louis went on governing themselves, much as they had done under the leadership of Laclede. The legal customs of the French continued to prevail. Arbitration was common in business differences. Of all the Spanish governors, de Leyba was the one who was remembered with repugnanze. His conduct during an Indian attack on the city in 1780 set the entire community against him. During the Spanish rule many buildings were erected, including the Government House, on the present site of First and Walnut. Although French customs and manners were retained, rezords were kept in Spanish. At the end of the Spanish rule there were 925 people living in St. Louis. Then St. Louis becomes a part of the United States! Under what con- ditions? On October 1, 1800, the Louisiana territory was ceded back to Franie, but it was not until 1802 that the Spanish king ordered the land to be delivered to France. Napoleon, the French ruler, was so taken up with wars in his own country that he had very little time to deal with this new land. Besides he was in great need of money. So, when the United States sent a man to France to see if they might purchase New Orleans, they were surprised to Hnd that Napoleon would sell, not only New Orleans, but the entire Louisiana territory for 515,000,000 The treaty transferring the Louisiana territory to the United States was signed in Paris, April 30, 1803. When it was learned that the Americans were coming, some of the people were disappointed ffor they had been happy under Spanish rulej while others were glad. The American troops Twenty-one , QE E AN EE.: JM SE' 4 under the leadership of Captain Stoddard were led up to the Government House. An impressive ceremony followed. Then Com- mandant Delassus passed the key to the Gov- ernment House to Captain Stoddard. The Spanish flag was hauled down and the French flag raised. Upon the request of Delassus the French flag was allowed to fly all night. The next day the French flag was lowered, ln its place, the stars and stripes of the United States waved. In but three days St. Louis had beheld three flags: the Spanish, the French, and the stars and stripes of our country. When Louisiana was purchased by the United States, St. Louis was known as the , capitol of Upper Louisiana. No one had thought of the land far to the west, but in 1804 President Jeflerson, after much prepara- tion and planning, sent an expedition under Meriwether Lewis and William Clark to explore the Western territory. Pierre Chouleau. Jr. fl l'mm'vl of XI. laluu At last everything was ready, the St. Louis people gathered along the river bank to watch the boats move up. The blunderbus was discharged in salute: the cannon of the fort answered. Captain Clark, bidding good-by from the deck of the keel-boat, was in full dress uniform of red-trimmed coat and trousers, and gold epaulets, his sword at his belt, and his three-cornered chapeau on his red head. The sails swelled in the breeze, the men at the oars sang in French and shouted in English. All, save Captain Clark, were dressed for business- Corporal Warflngton's squad from St. Louis in United States uniform: nine Kentuckians in buckskin: the fourteen soldiers and civilians enlisted at the post, in flannel shirts and trousers of buckskin or coarse army cloth: the French boatmen in brightly fringed woolens, with scarlet 'kerchiefs about their heads. Rain was falling, but who cared! More than eight thousand miles were traveled during the two years, four months and nine days that the expedition was gone. When on September 23, 1806, they returned to St. Louis. They were welcomed as heroes. We can truly say that Lewis and Clark opened the great West. ln July, 1808, St. Louis asked to be incorporated as a town and the request was granted. The people of St. Louis lost no time in moving to incorporate. The first election was held on the twenty-third of July, 1808. The people elected five trustees to set up the new government. They were Auguste TLL'l'l7l tl- I Luo sem..Tll-Im mmm :spawn Chouteau, Bernard Pratte, Edward Hempstead, Pierre Chouteau, and Alexander McNair. Later a mayor was substituted for the trustees. The city limits were set and laws were made. The laws may seem very peculiar to us, but we must remember that St. Louis was a very young city at that time. One of the laws required all dogs kept in the city to be registered on the books of the city register and to wear brass collars bearing the owner's name. Another required every house owner to buy two leather buckets to hang in the house in case of fire. St. Louis was not without its amusements. lt had a town orchestra that played at the many dances and picnics. The pioneer paid amusement was announced in 1812. This was a series of slight-of-hand performances by John Eugene Leistendorfer. He gave his performance twice a week for several months and made quite a fortune. The first post office was opened in St. Louis in 1805 by Mr. Rufus Easton. He kept his post office in his residence at Elm and Third streets for over six years, and when he grew tired of the work he turned it over to his brother-in- law who kept the office in his drug store. Mail was iirst carried on foot, later on horseback. The postage was very high, costing fifty cents to send a letter over 450 miles. It took several months for letters from the Atlantic coast to reach the city. Finally on September 20, 1836, it was announced that mail would be delivered daily. ln July, 1808, the first newspaper west of the Mississippi was printed in St. Louis, Mr. Joseph Charless, the printer, called his newspaper the Missouri Gazette. lt started out with 174 subscribers. lt was several years before the news arriving from the coast was plentiful enough to have a weekly newspaper. By l82l there were three weekly newspapers. For the first time the people of St. Louis were brought into close contact with the outside world. It was not until l8l2 that the first bricks were used. However, the first brick sidewalk was not laid until l82l. The narrow, unpaved streets proved a hindrance to trade. As a result, several ordinances were passed to pave the streets. The first street paving was laid at the foot of Market Street. Later Main Street was paved, and as time went on, all the streets in the business district were improved. Until 1826 the streets were given French names. When the names were changed, Market Street became the dividing line between northern and southern part of the city. The streets running east and west were named after trees, as Pine, Olive, Elm, and Locust, while those running north and south were given numbers as First, Second, and Third. Market Street was so named because of a Market which stood at the foot of the street. Some fifteen years later a large market house and town hall was erected on the site of the old Place d'Armes between Market and Walnut. The crowning glory of this period was the Roman Catholic Cathedral. lt was a very elegant building, erected by the good Bishop DuBourg. With the Twenty-three - : ff: ...L -.ae , Lw. .l'I'IE E it W S83 arrival of newcomers, other churches were started. A Baptist Church of brick and an Episcopal Church of wood were erected. The Methodists held their church in the courthouse and the Presbyterians in the Circuit Court room. Education was not entirely neglected. ln 1808, at the foot of Market Street, the first English school was opened. Before that, in 1774, and again in l796. schools were started: but the French language was the only one taught. All these were private schools. More than thirty years passed before the first public school was established. St. Louis became a city in 1823! The charter was not adopted without a struggle. Of the one hundred and ninety-seven votes cast, ninety were against the charter. A property qualification restricted sufferage. Only white citizens of twenty-one years, who had paid a local tax, were allowed to vote. The limits of the new city were Seventh Street on the west, the Mill Creek on the south, and a line from Roy's tower on the north. The municipality of St. Louis got off to a good start. At the first election for Mayor, St. Louis polled 220 votes, William Carr Lane receiving 122 votes, Auguste Chouteau, 70 and M. P. Leduc, 28. The first mayor was a Pennsyl- vanian by birth and education. Mr. Lane's appeal for public improvement was not in vain. An engineer prepared a plan to grade and pave Main Street. One block was graded and paved the first year. It was the block from Market to Walnut, where Laclede, just sixty years before, had marked the trees for the center of trade and seat of government of the settlement he was about to found. A memorable event in the history of old St. Louis was the visit of Marquis de Lafayette, in 1825. Mr. Lane was then Mayor: he was a man of fine A Q nz , L 5 EUQL, l:ll:lQElEl:l,l,Tllgll2lii:lElj:l:lfD:i:l: all T WEPHUIIUCEQQD Usl31?Ui!SlfU.U.CKU5E1ilELUil3El35 . I 5 5 .'QQ?'ZlUi'El l:ll:El:l5l:I'Ul:lI:lil:f15U.El5EI5l:I i 3 I , H , , F su.f. . ,1.f f f , 3 ,, 3 3.1 I F fQQmSSD.uun.U.m:gu.usmiueu.f1,fH1 De'5.ZE1 ' XXX ' Q 'z E 2 2 iQ :': for-2.56 i'T'QgigggiguiSiSE'EbJZ:ig30G'5-1153? 'Q ,.TFwluC1l112'2S.s2iS.2GE2?l gi! , H C Tcfcniigfftouns una.: nn :Iwi loot Twenly-four .rf -I . .5 L ' ,AMI-H-+-f-W f- X K ,,. ,jpg .iu:..,. -fa w T i - .ar Q - f f-'-- . personal appearance and was respected by all. With the election of Mr. Daniel B. Page as Mayor, in 1829, the city began to pay closer attention to manufacturing. Steamboat and river traffic began to increase rapidly. ln 1841 St. Louis was divided into five wards. At the next election, that of April, 1842, George Maguire was elected Mayor under the new system of voting by ballot. 1-leretofore the people had simply named their choice to the judges. The Chamber of Commerce of St. Louis was formed in 1836 by twenty-five of the leading merchants. Its chief object was to further the interests of the city in commercial D v matters. The Merchants Exchange was not lv'-g,QfnZ,',E'Kf,,,,Igfne established until 1849 and the next year it was joined by the Millers Exchange. In 1837 the Bank of the State of Missouri was incorporated, with a capital stock of 35,000,000 lt was at about this period that the absolute necessity of a railroad between St. Louis and the East and West was felt. As a result, Mayor John F. Darby called the first railroad convention in St. Louis. Several years elapsed before any practical results were obtained, but the building of the roads now known as the Iron Mountain and the Missouri Pacific were practically decided upon. The year of 1849 saw the building of the Pacific railroad. Some years later work was started on the Ohio and Mississippi and on the Terra Haute and Alton Roads. This was the foundation for the system of railroads that has made St. Louis the greatest railroad center in the United States. The linancial panic of 1837 did not appear to have any effect upon St. Louis as it did on other cities of the country. The recovery from the depression was so rapid that the year of 1839 was distinctly a boom year. Steamboat trade grew enormously, a mayor's court was established, and the population increased to about 12,000. Although 1844 was the year of the great Hood, it did not prevent the erection of 1,146 new buildings. Two years later, the Mercantile Library was organized and the foundation laid for the splendid institution that has done so much toward educational work in the city of St. Louis. The year of 1849 was also a period of disaster to the growing city of St. Louis, for in that year it was visited by both fire and pestilence. The Great Fire of St. Louis began at ten o'c1ock one night and burned fiercely Twenty-Hue K -gwevwwvr fr'-r- vw,-S1 . ,..,. I WW Awww: MM A K M Mm K D N 5 f ', 1 L-A- ., .: f1 'f' -- . I . . .Y . A . 5 1 fEZII'.., ,- .-.,.4.. ,,,.,. XEBTHEHZ E221 ag, ,515 Ea 1 -Q E.N,,N,W My Y- Grund and Olive, 1850 until morning. When it was finally overcome, it had destroyed steamboats and buildings to a total value of from three to six million dollars. As though the city had not yet suffered enough, a terrible epidemic of cholera soon descended upon it. There were many deaths caused by this dreaded disease which baffled some of St. Louis's best physicians. The business of the city, already crippled by fire, was for some time completely paralyzed by the plague. Following hard upon the horrid effects of fire and disease, came the great overland movement of people from the East. The discovery of gold in California brought about one of the most wonderful migrations known in history. St. Louis became a center for equipping the caravans bound westward. As we have seen, St. Louis was distinctly a French village. After the cession to the United States, the emigration from the east changed the language and customs of the community. St. Louis became an American city speaking the English tongue. But the German immigration, following the revolutionary movements in Western Europe during 1848 and 1849 brought thousands of Germans to Missouri. As a result, many of the inhabitants of St. Louis assumed German customs. During the Civil War period, our city was a very hotbed of political struggle, with the Unionists and Confederate sympathizers in daily antagonism at close range, and its intimate history is peculiarly colorful and romantic in consequence. St. Lous lives in the larger annals of the time as the American city which held its state in the Union against the will of the majority of the people of the state. The first four regiments that went into the field from this state to fight for the preservation of the Union were composed entirely of Germans. From the ,I-LL'f'l7ll.l Asia' + . X 1 -M xW I'I'IE mm am ,amass m. mt drummer boy in his teens to the graybearded veteran who had served in the Prussian or other German armies, these loyal citizens fought to save their republic. Not only in our city but everywhere. they sacrificed their homes and lives for the benefit of all. 1865 marks the opening of the central branch of the St. Louis Public School Library now the Public Library on the block from Thirteenth to Fourteenth Street and was erected at the cost of 81,650,000 The building was designed by Cass Gilbert and is of gray granite, the style of architecture being that of the early period of the Italian Renaissance. In connection with this library, there are branch libraries located in various parts of the city. In 1885, with the breaking of ground for the first great fireproof office building in St. Louis, began the 'Asky-scraper era of architectural construction which has transformed the physical appearance of the business section of our city. Lofty buildings succeeded one another with an almost bewildering rapidity. Coincidentally, there was a marked increase in the number of large industrial plants in St. Louis. There was also a vast increase in the capitaliza- tion and influence in local banks, and the organization of trust companies was an accompanying feature of the time. ' I . u - b. .6 ' 1 if 9 . 'A t N5 9 gl My-n 'in 'V' ln' A -v 1975, S at sr 4 P d 9 -.L .P '- 1 31 I e up ,Q ui I 'A ,L I ' I' ' I Ca 6, 6 wg 60 +.,,' an A qi ,J 'm 0.4. . .,, - ., 40' N v G' F v -. -L I o 'I 5- A A . v I f . , 4' . f ' '49 lor 1 'H ' ii '0 0 ' Y . lg Q' ' 9 X' Nw ir on 41. - Q . .9 0 a' 4 I ' ' U 'L ' fb, .' if J' 3 1 .1 6 0-J 3 nw.- ,,,,,,, SA, x5'l A -va. 1, -1,12 5, S h 4 . NT 3 OUIS X Q gg 2 1. l Q 1- c. X wry ,ww clrrun-ln-,,,, S 5 2 5' Sl 5 :. Q v 3. ' tm'- 'lu--i S 5 H '4 3 : f' .., .,, . . - ' Q r h 6. ,4 X ' 5 SAW ss: 5 -viii 6' Q' gif 5 5' -1' 1 now' I X 5 T ,,, , . 5 il, 5 v a Q Y 0. e B 4- 173 . .4 A A .1 , I H , ,, A F .X 5 fs., 4- w + .N 1 Low? f 5- 'bbw + .Q e N ' . 5 -I ui 3 Wi Q' R gf 5 5 It Mflrq 5 5 Z: 4-' Q ,. ul , N al 5 DE: 5 v I8 Q Q Q gf- f X UTY ilor sr L 5 E 70 ,uf 64 W' X - OUIS D' 5. Jlf' X 1574 Savane 1-111.4-lass as A Z ' A Z G ' .X 0 4 N r , 2 R-' , The building of the Missouri Historical Society at 1600 Locust Street was purchased the next year. Among the collections can be found many of the original manuscripts of the French and Spanish days in Missouri. These include a great number of the original petitions of early settlers of Missouri for land grants, petitions for the incorporation of St. Louis as a town in 1808, Twenty-seven early marriage contracts, personal letters of early commandants and governors, suits, and sales contracts. Most of these are more than a century old. Noti:eY In l87l there appeared an article in the Missouri Democrat which stated that the skirts worn by the fashionable ladies were too long. Three years after this important notice appeared. St. Louis was ready for action. No! not ready to shorten the ladies' skirts, but ready to progress as a city. Changes and improvements were taking place. The Eads Bridge was 9 Eads Bridge opened! After ten years of work, this bridge was ready for use. The cost of this structure was approximately fBl0,000,000, and it is classed as one of the best bridges in the world. The Four Courts and Jail Buildings, of cream-colored stone, were completed in l87l. The jail is very well lighted and ventilated. QA break for the jail- birds. I The year 1871 is also outstanding for the completion of the waterworks system. This system was greatly improved seventeen years later. The waters of the Muddy Mississippi are now purified by means of a great system of connected reservoirs at the Chain of Rocks. The purpose of this system is to purify the water supply by settling. The great advantage of having pure water has attracted many people to our dear old city. About this time most business of St. Louis was carried on around Fourth Street. The Hrst to move west were the jobbing and wholesale merchants. Other establishments followed their example, and, slowly, our business district moves westward, block by block, until its present destination was reached. November 30, 1875, marks the day when our present State Constitution became effective. Eighteen amendments to this Constitution have been adopted. The powers of the government in Missouri are divided between the central 71LL'L'f7ltlft'1-Qhl . 1 l l .,.' W ' A i vff- A M ,S Wiiilvig , . QE Q 4.43.92 V523-fl and local governments. In the central government there is further subdivision of powers into three distinct departments-the legislative, the exezutive, and the judicial. The next year a charter was adopted by which St. Louis was separated from St. Louis County. This made our city a free locality in local government, an advantage possessed by no other city. This charter was framed in the interests of the people. lt guarded against extravagan:e and corruption by giving the executives a longer term of office. However. the prime reason for its adoption was for St. Louis to secure its share of public improvements. In l877 the first complete sentence was transmitted by the telephone, which had been invented a year earlier by Graham Bell. Two years after its inven- tion, the first one was put in operation in St. Louis. This was also the Hrst Bell telephone west of the Mississippi River. A disastrous fire destroyed the Southern Hotel on April ll, of the next year. The fire started at one A. M. The key to the fire-alarm telegraph box was nowhere to be found, and it was ten minutes before the fire engines came. Thirty-one lives were lost in this sorrowful event. It had been a custom in St. Louis, during the fall season, to have great displays in parades, These were accompanied by illuminations of gas jets in colored lights. This was the beginning of the Veiled Prophets Parade which 041- St. Louis, Mo. 1853 aided much in bringing about New St. Louis. lt taught St. Louisans to appreciate the beauties and resources of our city. On January 4, 1878, another disastrous fire occurred, the St. Nicholas Hotel ire. The St. Nicholas Hotel was located on Fourth Street between Morgan Street and Franklin Avenue. When the fire broke out, the temperature was Ttuenty-nine : gk f -......g:x' . ., lifsibi' fl ff em ffl ' iff QR Qi': I1 1' ' 'HJ . 'iffffx' wr' ' f ' J, ,, A11 na, ,,,L r hi. .fa ,:5i.:vi.7Vt.. 1445? SW V I' I 1 ' .S 1 i 4 gy si . op i i ul' 1 ' '- ' - ,, Af Y 5 Y - I Us TL ai 1 . 1 R Wa., . .V an ai r 1 ' 'qi '- lll - fi 'll 5 I p 4' rk-. i C 1 ,,,,. 6 ' iff- : : z 3 'i I iiwi jusi , f lag ...Q ' 'f --1. .- f'?g- 3 My-.., ' ax' 'f :v-7--.e.,.--,,,,, Q 1' , A it ft a f fan . fl . . g.,1.1..-.nlati-Q. 'li?+ -f t. f - 0. .wty e ew - Y: -+ 4? f NT' ' f' '- if '? 2 ...4 SI. I,ouis4L'n1'on Pt1SSt'l7t1CF Station Z3 degrees below zero. A blizzard was raging throughout most of the time of the fire. The water froze uaon leavin the hose, and when the fire was extin- l E guished, the engines had to be chopped out from the ice. NVe have reached the time when Old St. Louis ceased to exist. This was in l88-l. Before that time St. Louis clung to traditions of the past. It followed when it should have led. St. Louis had been standing still. The sentiment was, however, that St. Louis was slow, but exceedingly sure, She now acts not for one day only, but for all the time. This new St. Louis was controlled by young. untiring men: men who believed nothing is good enough which is not the best. St. Louis began to lead rather than follow. Our city began to frighten those whom it had formerly fearedl In a short time a Hght for rapid transportation was under way. The upholders of the old policy complained that a means of rapid transportation would frighten the horses. They insisted that wheels would sink into cable slots. They protested by stating that the streets would be impassable, thus endangering the lives of the inhabitants of the city. They claimed that the people lived near their places of business and therefore needed no means of rapid transportation, Upon discovering that these factors were not suzcessful ii filrlll 4 ga-, W .aw .ur W Ai Y ,AVf, in prohibiting rapid transportation, they fell back on the old tradition, what was good in the past will be good in the future. Nevertheless, better roads were being built steadily. The first cable-road franchise was granted in 1884. The cable was run, three years later, from Sixth and Locust Streets to Vandeventer Avenue. Not long hence, electric cars were run, and in 1892, the longest electric road in the world, operated from one power house, was that which ran from Sixth and Locust Streets to the City Limits at Wells Station. From this time on, every important road began to obtain the right to change its motive power, and very soon the Olive Street road was as much liked as any of the best electric roads in the city of St. Louis. ln the next year horses and mules were no longer used in the downtown districts. An act for the building of boulevards was passed in l89l. Since that time our streets, avenues, and boulevards have been much improved. ln September of l894, the Union Station was opened for use. lt is the largest and one of the most beautiful in architectural design in the world. This depot, covering six city blocks, an area of tcn acres, was begun eight years SI. Louis Exposition, 1883 fmt-it Street tivftt-.ww Jim mr 14117 earlier. The train shed, containing thirty railway tracks, is roofed with iron and glass. On the Hrst floor are the main hall, lunchrooms, and ticket offices. Cn the second floor are waiting rooms, the dining room, and smoking rooms. And on the third floor are railroad offices. On May 27, l896. at 4:50 P. M. a most disastrous tornado struck St. Louis and East St. Louis. For fifteen minutes, the wind, which did the most damage, Thrift y -0178 Y , , . 'Www YA 311223222 'f' : ::. Ii71:1' , fr ---.gig W was raging at the rate of eighty miles an hour. Roofs were blown off the houses. All communication was cut. Electric lights were extinguished because of the wires in the streets endangering the lives of the people. Trees of large size were twisted from the ground. This tornado resulted in the death of six hundred persons and the injury of more than twelve hundred. This year, l887, plays an important part in the growth of our city. In this year, by municipal contract, the streets of St. Louis were first sprinkled. St. Louis was made the central reserve city for the National banks of other cities, and, best of all, there were twenty-two breweries in St. Louis: twenty-two breweries which in the next year, produced 46,710,815 gallons of beer. Those were the good old days. Hurrah! PROSPERITY is here! No, not in 1933, but in l888. Yes. there was actually a time when there was no discontent among the working class, when no riotous assemblies were held, and when both labor and capital were satisfied. Prosperity. that time, actually paid a visit to St. Louis. Fifteen thousand poor children were entertained at Exposition Hall on Christmas day of I888. There were music, gifts, and last of all, a visit from dear old St. Nick. There was even a Santa Claus in those days. This was only one of the many entertainments given by various organizations, thus showing that Sl. Louisans have always been eager to help the needy. About the same time that our streets and alleys were being lighted by electricity. the cornerstone of the new City Hall was laid. With a frontage of three hundred and eighty feet, and a depth of two hundred and twenty feet. this building is of five stories, each floor occupying a space of five hundred yards square. This structure. which cost almost 352,000,000 including the furniture, is adorned by a handsome bell-tower which is itself two hundred feet high. St. Louis, at the beginning of the twentieth century, had many attractions for the residences of families, having a population of about 575,000. In 1899 the last of the cable roads was transformed and equipped for electrical service. Up to this time, of course, separate car lines were privately owned, but in l90l the car lines became consolidated. Rolla Wells. Mayor of St. Louis during the first years of the twentieth century, sent John F. Wixford, a chemist and graduate of Central High School. up the Mississippi River for the purpose of bettering the water conditions. Wixford reported wonderful results in his new solution for the purification of water. The year 1902 marks the completion of the City Hall. At the same time, the establishment of the first public bathhouse indicated an improvement for the sanitary conditions of St. Louis. lt is said that the first year this bathhouse was built, illness decreased one-hundred per cent in our city. St. Louis fairs, begun in 1878, were held annually for twenty years through the efforts of a small group of prominent business men. Suddenly their annual Thirlg-Iwo K' AQ. ' .mv YA . T' y A f , , ix V I 1 ' 71. IlEDasAN5m .1. i I 1 I A , -' , f Q 1 ' ,rg , - flea ll mills dau. '- . f jig A.-V ' 1' iff, ,Q'f,.'i'.i'f?f lg. 1 ' :lil .B A V 4 rv. jf'7:ff , - . A , .1 W . wlwithm A V 245' Igqff y f -, or he f - M .v.-.. . . , if-JS. .: L 15, ,,.-if-V. ffl' t .Y - T o , Af iv A E iffy -'AQ 1 Jgljff ?t ' e g. f I ls Lindell Boulevard I-'rom Charming 1-luvnuv IO Kangsh1y'.u'ugfl00 ful-1 Wide get-together parties ceased, this at last resulting in the ending of the State fairs. In 1901, several prominent citizens purchased the beautiful grounds of the Forest Park for the pleasure of society at large. These benefactors realized the beauty of the grounds and dedicated them to the city. This was the beginning of the present-day Forest Park. Then, in 1903, part of the park was purchased for the proposed XVorld's Fair. April 30th of this year marks the day of the beginnings of preparations for the dedication of the Universal Expositions in 1904. The celebration was begun with a nipping frost. It threatened to chill early enthusiasm, but the frost was quickly forgotten in the inspiration of the mornings military pageant. Those spectators who looked eastward from Kingshighway or westward from Grand Avenue saw a spectacle not surpassed in military pomp or splendor even by the parades of the Inaugural Day at Washington. Lindell Boulevard with its parkings, rows of trees, fronts of stately mansions and clubhouses, with its gentle summits at Kingshighway and Grand Avenue and the gradual dip between, has passed into history with the dedication of the Universal Exposition as having furnished the most impressive scene in the United States in times of peace. This fair abounds in that which leaves indelible impressions. Many of our fathers and mothers can readily recall the events of those stirring days as though they had occurred but yesterday. A first far-away glimpse into the past is of countless towers, domes, and steeples among the green foliage of the tree tops. The main picture of The Fair centers around a Grand Basin and plaza walled Thirty - three '. If 'A m -A m - my on either side by the majestic and imposing facades of palaces. and filled in front by terraces, cascades, colonnacles, festival halls, and the pavilions rising hundreds of feet from the water, with everywhere the forest, the green forest. in the foreground, the background, and at the border. A sunken garden is here, long, narrow, a ribbon of color, winding in and out of the buildings: over there on the south, towering above its quaint front and overhanging its roof, stand the obelisks of the Palace of Mines, and on the north stand the lofty arches and the Doric columns of the Palace of Liberal Arts. Let us for the moment use this scene for our setting and transport ourselves to those far-off days, and assume that we are in that throng of people that wind their way in and out of the many arching byways of the great World's Eair. lt is the beautiful month of May. Everywhere the madness of lVlay has seized upon the people and converted them into mere slaves of desire, the desire to visit the great World's Fair. It is the opening day of the Fair, and we are merely a few insignificant spectators wedged in between a throng of over 187,000 people. The immediate scene of the opening is the plaza of St. Louis. This great central court, a thousand feet in length and 600 feet in width, is one of the most beautiful show places of the Eair Grounds. Although immense in size it affords standing room but for a small part of the throng. Luckily enough we are able to forge our way into the great mass of human beings occupying the court, up to the very base of the colossal Louisiana Monument. It is here that the Louisiana Purchase Exposition is officially dedicated. On a rostrum, constructed around the base of the monu- ment stand the Reverend Dr. Frank W. Gunsaulus and President David Francis of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Board. Soon Dr. Gunsaulus comes forward and raises his right hand. This is a signal for the people to join in repeating the LorCl's Prayer, A spirit of devout reverence pervades the heart of every man, woman, and child present. The impressiveness of the scene is beyond description. The sea of bowed heads, the reverential hearts, and the murmur of countless voices will linger long in the memory of those present. Days pass: the great crowds come and go: the beautiful white palaces are the topic of thought for all men. Sometimes the crowds ascend Art Hill and view the beautiful scene which lies below them. A lagoon. winding its ambling course under lovely arcades, takes its way between beautiful green terraces, which lie in the shadow of the overhanging maples. An Avenue, winding and climbing ever upward through the forest, leads away from the palaces into the midst of the mansions of many states, scattered upon the wooded knolls and slopes animated by the play of the light and shadow of the sloping land. The written words fail, the soul of a poet and the true hand of an artist could not describe the story of the scene before them. Thirty-four - -es.. 4.a.m,,r..w.aw:vs-:J ' f ,,. , ., .Max N QE E Lia , f Soon, the shadows of the night steal upon the lakes and lagoons, and convert them into inexpressible scenes of beauty. The lawns and the foliage assume a deeper hue, the old ivory tint of facades of palaces becomes a sombre gray, the geysers on the Grand Basin rise high in the air, and the waters of the spray present a milk-white appearance in the dusk. The surface of the water ripples and throws back a reflection of light peculiar to the hour when night is about to close upon the earth. The human currents that ebb and flow during the long day are sluggish and quiet. The people sit quietly on the shores of the lagoons and muse on all things that are associated with the bewitching hour of twilight. Over the calm soothing waters comes the song of the singing gondoliers, blending their har- monious tones with the sighing of the wind in the maple trees. All too soon the night fades away and in its place comes the splendor of the sun, whose brilliant rays convert the Exposition into a city of dazzling white. The people appear and another day has come into being. Let us accompany some of these people on their tours of inspection. lt is virtually impossible to describe the myriads of objects even in one building. But there are a few buildings which are more important in the fair grounds. As in every Universal Exposition, centers of human interests develop rapidly. One of these, established early in the Exposition of l904, is the Government Exhibits of the United States. This building sits upon an elevation and is reached by many steps. The way to it, through the sunken gardens, between the attractive palaces of Liberal Arts and Mines and Metalurgy, becomes one of the most popular and one of the main traveled roads of the Exposition. Of a hundred exhibits or processes of Government Bureaus there, it was impossible to tell which was the most attractive. The post office in operation and the mint turning out the World's line metals, instead of silver money, are exhibits which are very interesting. The state department tells the nations history for several chapters with priceless, original documents. A great section of a battleship reveals the wonders of the navy. Then there are relics of the war-flags and guns which followed Sherman to the sea. The making of carriages by machine operation is shown a little way down the aisle, Delicate instruments are recording the wind velocity above the roof of the building. All too soon our path glides away and we come to the Plaza of St. Louis. It was here that the invocation was held, it is from there that all the great parades of the Fair eminate. Many pieces of art lend their beauty to the plaza of St. Louis's Equestarian statue of De Soto, and Joliet towering high above, but still higher, towers the great Louisiana Monument. The symmetry and the classic beauty of this great work of art is dear to all who view it. The scene of the signing of the treaty of the Purchase of Louisiana, upon the base of the Monument is presented clearly. The figures of Monroe, Marbois, and Thirty-five ft in ' -- ' M- TRL?-fI'I'IE. .lzmnarzmsn Livingston are standing out with marked distinction. Human interest at the World's Fair centers around the monument and the main landing of the water way. From the opening, in the morning, to the closing, at midnight, there is always life. Life which throbs and moves as human eddies in the stream of life. Soon, however, the life fades away, the voices of the multitude are forever silent, the great Exposition which was for seven whole months a city of life. light, and music is no more. The stately palaces are now closed, the circuling avenues now no longer echo with the tread of the world's admiring throng. The great ivory city, which for more than half a year charmed the world is now like a house where death reigns. The feast is over, the lights extinguished. and the music still. But this is not the end: the good, that the Universal Exposition does, lives after it. There are many who cherish the scene of beauty and grandeur of the St. Louis World's Fair and this will remain long in the memory of man. In 1906 the Lakes-to-the-Gulf Deep Waterway Association was formed. One thousand and one hundred delegates came, representing eleven states on both sides of the Mississippi. within the area from Minnesota to Louisiana, of which fifteen delegates were governors, who spoke on the necessity of a better waterway system and transportation. At length they adopted a memorial to congress and eventually had a hearing. They later adopted a new policy. In 1907, the officers of the association ap- peared at the Vwfhite House with an invitation signed by seventeen governors. asking the president to make a tour down the Mississippi, and to address the second national convention at Memphis. He accepted both invitations and appeared before the second na- tional convention which was this time held at Chicago. Since that time St. Louis has been credited with the begin- ning of the Mississippi River Improvements. In 1908 the Catholics boasted of four large churches being under construction. But the great contribution to the church architecture of the city, The New Cathedral 'l'hi'r1 if -six ff... . . , ? that in which the whole community had an interest, was the New Cathedral with its foundation walls above ground and awaiting the cornerstone of Missouri granite. This finished structure is surpassed by few. Two very important items should be listed concerning the development of the Mound City in 1906: that of the creation of the Public Recreation Commis- sion, and that of the organization of the Smoke Abatement Department. At about this time, Third Street had been widened considerably. All commission houses, wholesale houses, department stores, and manufacturers were centered around this district. In 1907 began the movement westward to Twelfth Street. Present-day business is centered within a radius of about ten blocks. In 1908, St. Louis was taking the position it had held for years as the place where more tobacco is manufactured annually than in any other place in the world. We also had Hfty furniture factories making five million, eight hundred and sixty-seven thousand dollars in products. Our furniture trade was so extended that we even exported furniture to Europe. In 1909, the American Dental Association, an organization representing the profession throughout the country, looked for a president and elected a St. Louisan of repute and a contributor of national reputation to the literature of the profession. The traflic of the city, of course. had not been very intense because of the small amount of machines used in every-day traffic, and wide roadways were unnecessary: but as civilization progressed, traffic difficulties increased until, in 1909, Grand Avenue was widened from forty to eighty feet. At Hrst the board considered calling it Lindell Avenue, but when the county court reduced the proposed width of one hundred and twenty feet to eighty feet, the name was at once changed back to Grand Avenue. If Leflingwell and Elliot and their associates had been successful, this street might possibly have been a mag- nificent boulevard instead of the avenue only fairly adequate for the traffic of 1909. This said Grand Avenue had for a long time proved to be a fairly substantial, sensible city limit. But in 1909 there were very few unimproved grounds east of Grand Avenue. On the other hand there were numerous tracts of unfinished lands west of it. Both to the north and south the arbitrary boundary had been passed. The educational part of St. Louis was also- awakening to the fact that St. Louis was progressing rapidly. In 1909 the universities and colleges were putting forth their effort to increase their facilities, while the Board of Educa- tion was adding to the equipment of new buildings which were unsurpassed anywhere in the country. Before concluding, we must know, to a certain extent, of the St. Louis Day Celebration of the Centennial of Incorporation on October 3rd to the 9th, 1909. Thirly-seven K- ras... t. -is - .cm M..W. I'I'IK5J QE? E 23. AN iaEE?53e11,1...45QL 'Q'-we a Colonel Charles A. Lindbergh and The Spirit of St. Louis This was a week of celebration which revealed the happenings of St. Louis life, throughout all its years of progression. On Welcome Day, Broadway was well lighted by electric lights. This gave the idea for the future downtown street lighting. At that time a visitor to the city celebration said that Broadway was probably the best lighted roadway in the United States. In the afternoon of Welcome Day, many pageants were staged on Lindell Boulevard. With the oncome of the World War, excitement was at its height. The first volunteer regiment to go over seas was that of our own St. Louis boys. While thousands of fathers and sons were bravely fighting for their country, mothers and daughters remained at home, knitting and sewing for our soldiers, and anxiously waiting for news from Over There. Sewing clubs and aid societies were formed under the auspices of the Red Cross. These organizations aided families whose sole support had gone to war. When the Armistice was signed in 1918, all rejoiced for the fact that the disastrous struggle had finally come to an end. As a result of the hardships endured during the war, people learned to sacrifice and economize for the benefit of their country. Thirty-eight 3-:S ix sw A sit :' i M 'A ivy!! W 'iw' fg , Almost a decade had peacefully passed, when in l927, Colonel Charles A. Lindbergh flew across the Atlantic Ocean in the famed Spirit of St. Louis. Two years later, our country suffered from the crash of stocks on Wall Street. Throughout these years of hard struggle, St. Louis seems to be the city that has felt these hardships the least. The Stars and Stripes of the United States float over us all. We are one, no matter what or where we are. Let us also uphold this loyalty and courage, typical of America, as our ancestors have done. Many, many years lie before us. It is up to us now! The City section was compiled by the following seniors: Carl Witbrodt, Rose Heligman, Sophie Kohm, Melvin Roesberg, and Dorothy Mae Layton. Sponsor, Miss Dolch. THE MOUND CITY l'Continued from page 162 Artistirally engaged in pounding gold In bands to fit the ankles and the wrists. As on into the village streets we go, Strange sights of pagan worship greet our eyes At alters to their deity, the Sun, In presence of their priests and prophets. old. Bedecked in flowing, gayly colored robes. And, here and there, at play, we see the young, lVhile close at hand, their mothers barter well lVith merchants and with artisans for wares. Upon the edge of town great fields are sown Extensively with garden plants for food. And. posted 'round the Eelds, stand guards with arms. And last, but yet most strange of all, we see The mighty structures in the form of mounds YVhere corpses of their chiefs are laid to rest. lVhere lives of scores of slaves were sacrificed To build, and to be buried with the kings, And finally, we learn the fate of these Strange folk, sad though it be to tell about. It came with suddenness. and such a shock To shatter all the nerves of bravest men. The earth began to tremble and to quake. Creating yawning chasms at our feet, Which swallowed all within their mighty grasp Into the maw and bowels of deepest earlh And closed again, as quickly as they came. So few there were who escaped the tragic fate, They fled the ruined city and their homes, And left behind all that they dearly loved: Gave not a thought to ere return thereto And reconstruct the pattern of their lives. Thus did these folk degenerate into Nomadic tribes of red men white men found XVhen first discovered they, America, When silence reigned again upon the earth And we regained composure once again, We gazed with heavy hearts and tears in eyes Upon the wreckage of this once fair place. But not for long: soon, soon it dimmed away: All vestige of its presence disappeared. And, in its place, took form before our eyes. Familiar scenes of life that we had known, And we awake to End il but a dream. Thirty -nine Forlq DCJFTOR HENRY J. GERLINC Supsr1'r7ln'm1e-nf ul' lr7slrLu'11'ru7 u x fs ww Ewg A-w I ' lhlgfzg K ii ' 1 ' sf! V! ,SYM , .EL -' . 3? if if ' xi V , 55 f 1 25 wt I gi I , A , .L 3 25 Y M f i -s A I E , 2 'xii' 1 . -f. , ' g I ' 5 1 m v, V 1-- X , l . i .ff ' Lx, 9 ffm' 5 3- - ' ,.f. Q I T' 1 i 5 , ' , f , 1 i ' 4 xQ2?aIH'I'lE -, REI E Sis E H41 new . . ST. LOUIS CENTRAL HIGH SCHOOL Our own. our dear old school! thy praise we sing. Wlilh deepest gratitude our hearts are filled For lessons by thy tender care instilled, Which through the years have never ceased to ring Like fog bells on a rock bound coast: they bring A needed warning note: our souls are thrilled With dread of danger lurking near. So skilled Thy work. it taught with Hnished art the thing That men most need to know. how best to live. The truth that makes them free to choose the life That more abundant is, untouched by strife Of warning passions-strong and fierce. constrained By love of righteousness themselves to give To service of mankind with wisdom trained. -W. J. S. Bryan. , A. , L X .Y it' flfifl g I 'tf'?Cs- T5 . 5 he l F 1. it ttiif it i t it fl -, it is -1. 4 ... g t LSL? N N N !li 5 i!:.!:'v,Q 5. 4.1 !,.1,tw i 'T I 4tM-'f-4tlg'g ' ' 1 . if , ' J . T - A f--- 4, i- g.f?? 'i1-.1-'T5l1l'lffff. it I ' Q L T se e. ,W W . . t i :i s ELQLL1 QI . i:L'ii-I-Iu!,, M! ti. ' . -- - - .. a-'11 - , if'l:f TT AML,--1Q: X,,- U' 1 ' . : g'lA-giyhgr' Y' hi I fi , - - V Y ,'Ji4,if..::,,y- 2534? Ht- g LL- .- --sy y F A - C-5-in 1::,af-2.141 C fy may y A T I, ' h T . y 'J . 'W A f7'5 Mj1h...,, Architects Drawing of Grand Avenue Building Forty-two .fik-I--x -K f ' l l ,,ce.....eaa,- A ac , . g hVhA4 .. EIGHTY YEARS OF GROWTH OF CITY AND SCHOOLS By Mr. W. J .S. Bryan, Principal of Central High School Sept. 1895-June 1908 HE story of the founding and growth of a great and populous city is exceedingly interesting. The name of a street and its trend as one of a group of streets may be keys to unlock files of records of human activity and achievement or of disappointment and failure. This is especially true of such a city as St. Louis, which was at first settled by the adventurous spirits of one nationality and transferred to the flag of another country only to be ceded back again and later to be sold to still another country, all within the memory of men less than fifty years of age. In sixteen hundred and seventy-three Father Marquette in his exploration of the Valley of the Mississippi floated down the Wisconsin River into the Father of Waters and laid the foundation of the claim of France to the great valley by the establishment of settlements near the banks of the mighty stream. France was obliged to relinquish the eastern part of this claim to the English and the western part to the Spanish, and later, after Spain had returned it, was induced to yield it to the United States, all within the brief period of forty years. What imagination can envisage the changes that would have been wrought in the history of the United States and of the states that lie in the vast territory between the Mississippi River and the Pacific Ocean if either France or Spain had maintained possession of the land acquired. A brief sketch of the early efforts to provide school houses will serve as an introduction to the story of the growth of St. Louis and its great system of schools, and to give a realistic background to the picture of the eighty years that have elapsed since the establishment of a high school as the keystone of the arch of educational facilities, and as the completion of the framework of a system of public schools thus placed within the reach of the poorest member of the com- munity and worthy the patronage of the richest, because equal to the best that the mind of man has produced for the education of the sons and daughters of free citizens of a democracy. St. Louis from the beginning of its history as a part of the United States has been greatly blessed by the services of men of far reaching vision as to the purposes of education and of clear insight as to the means of securing such education for youth, men who were truly democratic and unselfish in their tireless labors for the accomplishment of their benencent designs. Among the members of the Board of Trustees appointed by the Governor of the Terri- tory of Missouri were men whose names are synonyms of service, men who were wisely appointed or elected to the positions of directors of the Board of Edu- cation, men who truly believed that a public oflice is a trust and not a source Forty-three ' ' of private graft, not an opportunity for individual gain or a stepping stone to greater remuneration or distinction. On the thirteenth of June, l8l2, an act was passed by Congress directing the Surveyor General to cause a survey to be made of the outboundary of St. Louis and certain other towns in the Territory of Missouri and to reserve for the support of schools in the respective towns as much as one-twentieth of the lands within such outboundary. This act may be said to have laid the material foundation of the St. Louis Public School System though its ineffectual administration due to lack of funds to make the survey and to dishonesty of private citizens and speculation in public lands greatly diminished the acreage of land finally secured after long delay and costly litigation often terminated by ruinous compromises of the Board. For a long period of years the time and energy of the Boards were expended in wearisome efforts to secure legislative action and judicial decisions to confirm them in the rightful possession of lands which Congress undoubtedly intended them to secure without cost or delay or vexatious process of petition to Congress or state legislature or legal action conducted in the supreme court of the state or nation. So rich did the legacy of land seem to the legislators in the General Assembly of the State of Missouri that the schools of St. Louis were denied their share of the state fund for educational uses, which the population of the city should have secured for it. lt was not until some years had been passed in financial embarrassment and distress that the legislature gave to St. Louis fair and just participation in the use of this fund, which should have been distributed in proportion to the number of children taught in the schools of St. Louis as compared with the whole number taught in the schools of the state. After twenty years of litigation less than fifty acres had been obtained by the schools. and nine-tenths of this was secured by compromise. This Whole property yielded in l854 a rental of Sl4,500. The expense of litigation to procure these lands was approximately S50,000, and the annual expenses of litigation was approximately 31500. The expense of counsel was 31,000 a year. In 1836 the consent of the citizens was obtained for the sale of the Com- mons and for the appropriation of one-tenth of the proceeds to the establishment and support of the schools. These lands belonged to the city as a community as it had existed under the French and Spanish. In December of that year two thousand dollars was appropriated for the erection of each of two schools, one on Fourth and Spruce, the other on Federal Street and l-lickory, later Broadway and Cherry. In March a committee was appointed with power to contract for the building of two schoolhouses on these sites at a cost not to exceed 83,500 apiece. The contract for each of these schools was let for 31170. The lot selected for the northern school was found lforlu-four wwe- '- W l, 4' Ak E ' 1 V Fi' ::' i , it WV, , ,, ,W H ' fi to be too small for the erection of a one-story schoolhouse as designed by the plan selected, and a two-story building was erected upon it. In this first erection of schoolhouses there was met the adverse claim to the lot selected which led to a compromise depending on the result of litigation. The school on Fourth and Spruce, called No. 1, South, was to be put in operation on the first Monday in April, 1838, a date to be remembered. No. 2, North, was opened a few days later. The lack of revenue at this time is disclosed by the appointment of a committee to raise funds for the payment of the teachers' salaries for the first quarter, and 3489.61 was turned in to the Treasurer as the proceeds of a note for 33500.00 The amount of salary for the first quarter's instruction of the four teachers was 8612.50 If school No. 2 had opened on the first day of the quarter, the amount due for salaries would have been 515700.00 The salary of male teachers at this time was 8900.00 a year: of female teachers, 5500.00 On the 10th of February, 1840, a committee was appointed to prepare plans for a schoolhouse to be built on Sixth Street between Locust and St. Charles, in the western part of the city, but this committee did not make a report. Another committee was appointed Feb. 4, 1841, to procure the best and most modern plan for a schoolhouse. Their plan was approved, and a contract was let for a building to cost 310.625, the erection to be superintended by an architect at a cost of 330000. This school, No. 3, was opened in January, 1842. Soon after the building of the northern school, No. 2, its location was found to be undesirable on account of the proximity of a market place, and in May, 1842, the school was closed and removed to the basement of No. 3, and this schoolhouse, No. 2, together with the grounds surrounding it was leased. The embarrassed financial condition of the Board gave rise to a proposition to discontinue the schools for a year, but this proposal was rejected, and later led to a motion to reduce the salaries of teachers. It was, however, finally resolved to disband school No. 2 and to rent the basement of No. 3 for 8300.00 a year. The school meanwhile was removed to Green St. now Lucas Ave. to rented property and was discontinued'Dec. 31, 1842. In June, 1843, it was decided to establish four schools in each of the six wards of the city, one male and one female Elementary school and one male and one female Primary school, and in a central part of the city, a High School, and it was recommended to adhere to this plan strictly and carry it out from time to time as the finances of the Board permitted. In 1844 in pursuance of this plan a Primary School was opened in the basement of the Benton School KNO, 37 on Sixth Street, in the Sixth Ward. ln 1845 a Primary School was opened in the Fifth Ward on the corner of Franklin Ave. and Sixth Street, and the Clark School was built on Seventh Street between Hickory and Labadie, in the First Ward, and the Mound School on Eighth and Howard, in the Sixth Ward. l7urtt1-Hue C C1lZZl'fTT 'M 'if : f1. Tzetmzf' '4 xwrrlif AME K K if ln 1848 the Jefferson School was opened early in October on the corner of Ninth and Wash Streets in the Fifth Ward, and in the Third Ward a school was opened on the corner of Pine and Fifteenth Streets. On March 15th, 1850, it was reported to the Board that a lot had been purchased in the First Ward on the corner of Fifth and Poplar Streets. Schools were opened on the corner of Fifteenth and Pine in the Third Ward and on Fifth and Poplar in the First Ward. On February 19, 1850, a committee was appointed to purchase a lot in the First Ward on Ann Avenue between 8th and 9th Streets, the site of the present Lafayette School. The school erected on this lot was opened on March 28th, 1853. In 1817 Col. William Chambers, Major Thomas Wright, and William T. Christy donated a circular lot, 300 feet in diameter, to the inhabitants of St. Louis for school purposes. On this lot the Webster School was built and opened on the first Monday in February, 1853. This was the first site donated by private citizens. In April, 1850, a Primary School was opened in St. George Market Hall, and in the autumn following a Grammar School. ln 1849 a Primary School was opened in the basement of a Church on Chambers Street. discontinued when Webster School was opened in February, 1853, and reopened in September. 1853. In 1849 a Primary School was opened in the Fifth Ward in a small church bought by Charles L. Tucker, a member of the Board, and transferred to the Board. In 1846 when the Clark and Mound Schools were built it was necessary for the Board to borrow 86000, of which S4000 was not paid until 1848. In 1851, when the Laclede Grammar School and the Eliot School were completed, the Board found it necessary to borrow 812000, and obtained from the Legislature authority to issue bonds to that amount. In 1853, when the Lafayette and Webster Schools were completed, the Board was in debt 817.000, met partly by a loan of 510,000 from the Bank of Missouri and partly by advances from the Treasurer. This brings the story of the erection of school buildings down to the purchase of a lot for a high school building. Sept. 9, 1853, a committee was appointed to ascertain the linancial ability of the Board to build a High School. A survey of the receipts and expenditures of the Board for the year 1853-54 and of the estimated receipts and expenditures for the year 1854-55 showed that there would be a surplus suflicient to pay for the building proposed without involving the Board in debt. ln the preceding January a lot of 150 feet front had been purchased on Fifteenth and Olive Streets for 815,000 With interest on deferred payments the cost was 317,900 On February 14, 1854, Mr. George Partridge reported for the Special Committee and recommended that a prize of one hun- dred and fifty dollars 14315150001 be offered for the best plans presented. Seven plans were submitted, and the prize was awarded to Mr. William Rumbold. On liorl Lf -six :Zim-Wwffww 1-M-.fm-I , AW ,--MHIUI-fi, Wg H xg in 1 I 3 kkkyrk 5: E May 9th the contract for the erection of the High School given by the Committee to Sage and Webster at 843,000 was confirmed by the Board. Einally the total cost including heating, lighting, and desired changes, was fB47,l86.16, a large sum of money considering the Hnancial status of the Board at the time, The building was dedicated with appropriate ceremonies on March the twenty- fourth 1856. EARLY AND LATER DEVELOPMENTS The facts of the early material development of the St. Louis School System have been given with detail because they seem essential to a realization of later growth to which they gave trend. The subsequent growth is presented on broader lines with less of detail, is in fact confined to ten year periods with no attention to individual years or schools. The growth of the city is considered in two aspects or phases, its growth in extent or area and in inhabitants or population. The city limits define the city's growth in length and breadth or area as recognized by acts of the State Legislature at irregular intervals of time, 1822, 1839, 1841, 1855, 1870. 1876. TABULAR STATEMENT OF THE GROWTH OE THE CITY OE ST. LOUIS IN COMPARISON WITH THE HIGH SCHOOLS This tabular statement presents side by side the growth of the City of St. Louis and of its High Schools alone and in combination with its Intermediate Schools which existed at different times. To emphasize the differences in rate of growth the relation of each decade to the following decade is shown as a per-cent and to still further impress the rapidity of the growth of the High Schools the number of pupils in 1853. the first year of the High School, is taken as the basis for one comparison and the number of pupils in 1860 as the basis of another comparison. There were 203 times as many High School pupils in 1930 as in 1853, and 50 times as many in 1930 as in 1860. The census of 1930 showed 10.5 times as many inhabitants of St. Louis in 1030 as there were in 1850. CI T! POPULATI Ol! HIGH SCHOOL REGI STFATION 1 1-'nz--1 Pm- 1 Psa- rm- mrs rorumnorv cm mc. cm mczsrmron I emu: 1:11. nrt. 2 H.s. crm- 1S50 77650 1721 1850 160733 20695 82573 1054 290 hoax 1570 3105514 1914? 150131 91153 391 15 x 721 131475 102 1493 16 X 723 170g 11.3 x 2903 11.7 X 2903 1580 350552 11255 39588 12,11 1436 16 1 723 11172 6145 10811 115 X 723 2195 C1-5 I 2907 13-7 x 2901 1590 1450357 1315 109305 3155 537 I9 I 721 1575 795 17482 120 x 723 1365 12.3 x 2901 15.1 x 2903 1900 575235 1215 111-1881 2145 1993 127 x 723 2902 1301 16.5 x 2903 1910 657029 1195 111791 191 5905 152 z 721 2951 120.3 x 2903 1920 772397 11225 85866 12? 10211-1111112121 17275 1592 11505 1163: 721 19973 135-2 2 2901 1110.7 x 2903 1930 522032 1064 119137 Eff 1146513 1203x723 11132 1-1215 1887312021 121 15931 150.5 x 2901 165 1 2903 10.5 rom 385 50 fold tow-1 11351 5 65 fold :urea we 2:11. gm Fortyaseuen ,riffs .1 Q J. V.-.f . .-f5-f.--ff:--W-- 5 fgiuaig . . .I .Ee . H K I , KW. s ' ' ' I i. f.:zmH,,,, ' ., ,.i.,d,.. , .. .-.x . .,..,...-N. Q eslrrr-112..-nm.m W CITY LINHTS-AACTS OF LEGISLATURES The City Limits ol' St. Louis at various times since its incorporation. with date of acts of legislatures tixing the boundary lines. the southern. western. and northern boundaries. and th: square miles included within these lines of limitation. ST. Louts piss II.LINoIs 1780 Lombard St. lsoutht Fourth St. fwestl Franklin Ave. Cnorthl CITY or ST. Louis 1822 0.74 sq. miles Act of Legislature Approved Dec. Oth. l82Z orthern line of Roy's Tower 1 north I Mill Creek lsouthl 7th St. lwestl N CITY or ST. Louts 1830 0.75 sq. miles d Feb. Sth. 1830 Mill Creek 8 Rutger St. Seventh St. Biddle St., Bdwy., and South line of lSouth1 lwestl Survey 67l lnorthl Act of Legislature Approve CITY Cl? ST. Louis 1841 4.78 sq. miles Act ofLegisla1ut'e Approved Feb. l5th. 18-ll Louisa St. lsouthl Eighteenth St. twestl Dock St. lnorthl CITY oI2 ST. LouIs 1855 13.0-1 sq. miles 5th. 1870 Act of Legislature Approved Dec. 1 Twsp. line Cnorthi Keokuk St. fsouthi 660 ft. west of Grand Ave. twest CITY O13 ST. Louts 1870 17.98 sq. miles Act of legislature Approved Marcli -ith. 1870 NValsh, Virginia, Delor 660 feet west of Grand. Twsp. lint 1 south 1 twestl Cnorthl CITY OF ST. Louis 1876 62.37 sq. miles Act of Legislature Approved March 18th. 1875 River des Peres West of McCausland Av. 26 Skinker Road Riverview Drix lsouthl fwestl tnorthl Forftf-eight c. ,,, . . ., . . V ,,.,2a,,.,,.,,.,...' . - E S Y W iifs-rm 1 i-ivxv-w1'11.i1C3' 5 I -.. 1,.,,... giz . I Y5 I , . m ..m,.M 1 . . 1 NUMBER OE EACH KIND OE SCHOOL A tabular statement of the varieties of schools existing at the end of each decade and the number of schools of each variety will well repay study by the resulting clarity of the conception of the system at the close of each decade. It may be of interest to note the number of schools white and colored of different kinds in the St. Louis system of Public Schools in operation in the various ten year periods beginning with 1840 and ending with 1930. In the list of kinds of schools there are found today Teachers Colleges, High Schools, Vocational Schools, Intermediate Schools, Pre-Vocational Schools, Elementary Schools, and Special Schools. Teachers Colleges beginning with 1860 1. 1, 1, 1. 1. 1, 2, High Schools beginning with 1860 1, 1, 2, 2, 2. 5, 6, 7, Vocational Schools beginning with 1930 2. Intermediate Schools beginning with 1870 1, 2, 1, 1, 6. Pre-Vocational Schools beginning with 1930 1. Elementary Schools beg. with 1840 2, 9, 23, 46, 68, 76, 86, 94. 101, 108. Special Schools beginning with 1910 9, 22, 30. These facts should be considered in connection with the census facts for the same ten year period to appreciate their significance. GROWTH OE ENTIRE SCHOOL SYSTEM This tabular statement shows the growth of the High Schools and the entire system of schools. It gives the number of teachers in the High Schools and in the Intermediate Schools. with the corresponding enrollment for the tenth year of each decade beginning with 1860. lt also gives the same facts for all the schools of the entire system. including the High Schools. The last line shows in a striking way the total growth for the whole period from 1860 to 1930. nscms mms I 11.1. PUPILS as -E -sg I 1553 47211 I 1560 9 290 165 12215 7576 6550 1570 12 3 391 102 14211 35113 17670 16277 1550 13 11 1136 561+ 953 51211-1 311.50 314321 1590 25 17 557 T95 11511 55315 1411933 111159 1900 69 1993 1665 75263 615111 57105 1910 232 5905 2101 57931 72695 67905 1920 302 52 10211-5 1592 2605 106991 93972 52795 1930 1429 1145 114556 11215 2965 116202 105550 92691 152 2133 335235 222335 132525155535 1221?-FE 55315 , . Forty-nine f v i ff I I in F3 3 3 :.ii:TI'f'Ifl' ' '.,'.'l.,fTL'f il .safafairf-am M as .flea me , INCREASE OE HIGH SCHOOLS AND THEIR LOCATION A study of the location of high schools today discloses the intention to accommodate the pupils living in the various portions of the city, first at Fifteenth and Olive, then the center of the city. When the Central was built in I856, no location was nearer to the center of population, and, when the new site was chosen forty years later, there were only thirty-seven pupils attending the High School who lived west of Grand Avenue, and fears were entertained that it would be many years before the new location would be accessible. In ten years the new building was quite inadequate for the numbers attending, and the lVIcKinley was located on the south, twenty-one squares from Market Street: and the Yeatman, on the north, thirty-seven squares from Market and twenty- seven squares from the Central. The McKinley immediately proved too small and an addition of fourteen rooms was built the following year. It had been the desire of the Board that smaller High Schools of IOOO pupil capacity but more numerous should be erected nearer to the residence of pupils. The Yeatman and IVIcKinley were soon overcrowded beyond their capacity of IOOO or IZOO, and the Central High School was found too small for the accommodation of pupils living to the west and southwest, so the Soldan High School was located on Union and Kensington, but in spite of its size was unable to take over the southwest portion of the city. In live years the demand of the southern and southwestern part of the city grew urgent and were such that the Cleveland High School was opened Sep- tember l9l5 on Osceola and Grand with an enrollment of IOOO pupils, dis- proving the pronounced opinion that the McKinley would be able to satisfy all demands for some years to come. Still the demands for High School accommodation were heard and became more and more urgent until six years later it was decided to build a larger high school in the south and also in the north, and Roosevelt was opened in the south with IVIcKinley serving as an Intermediate School: Beaumont in the north with Yeatman as an Intermediate School. The tornado disaster still further complicated the housing problem. Six years later the demand for high school accommodations still pressing for solution led to the opening of the McKinley as a High School for the relief of the Roosevelt, and to the use of portable buildings to increase the capacity of other high schools. I iff if nys. , j - me-he , ., , -- ..-...l.,..W.,t.N-awww.--V..-ne, .:............ was at ,s .L f if X at Qwaaaiaws .-.ca .1 43 l it ESV ' at Ef ,4 ' H ,.f-- -4.- ,-'A 1 i 1, lta k is-+-ses-me 75 i 6 E rfsvifratfrzggfflttvs . , ' f H W MW A I 'ME x rmnii -4 -,., -- LOCATTON AND OPENHMSCHTHKHJSCHOOLS This tabular statement of the growth of the High Schools shows in column arrangement the names of the schools in chronological order of opening of which the date is given, and their location with reference to the river and Market Street, the dividing line or street from which north or south blocks and streets are numbered. LOCATION OF HIGH SCIOOLS DATE OF OPENING as q . .., Central 1553 6th bet.Locust a 5 sq.uo.of Market St.Char1es 6 sq. west of River Central 1856 Feb. Fifteenth E Olive 5 sq. no. of Market 15 sq. west of River Central 1893 Grand and Windsor Pl. 10 sq. no. of Market 36 sq. west of River Central 1927 In Yeatman Bldg. fcfter tornadol McKinley 190B Jan. 2156 Russell Ave. 21 sq. so. of Market 23 sq. west of River Yeatman 19OU Sept. 3616 H.Garrison Av. 37 sq. no. of Market 30 sq. west of River Soldan 1909 Sept. 918 N. Union Blvd. 9 sq. no. of Market 53 sq. west of River Cleveland 1915 Sept. H352 Louisiana Ave. UM sq. so. of Market 3U sq. west of River Roosevelt 1.925 Janqf. 3230 Hartford 31 sq. so. of Market 3U sq. west of River Beaumont 1926 Feby. 3836 Natural Bridge 37 sq. no. of Market 39 sq, west of River Susmer 1910 Sept. l42ll8 West Cottage 25 sq. no. of Market M2 sq. west of River vashon 1927 sept. 3026 Laclede Dividing Line 1 30 sq. west of River Ifilzu one Y V In K A Y mv H t A K Q 'a .I? ' 1. 1','T't'kfLL?11'x- KE f -1- ,,... . ,. .'X. gs-, , -1 m... YL I,Il2 '1' ' HTC , V, Won., AN In I .vp sim! I'H'IH':'3 H331 ,123 Es21,i...fb?ze E-QQ ,.,3f1f13 f OPENING OE NEW SCHOOLS The growth in the facilities of education may be learned by reading the names of the schools published by the Board of Education in 1860, 1870, 1880. 1890, 1900. 1910, 1910. and 1930 but not in the list of the years ten years previous. 15rom these lists it appears that Z0 schools were named in the 1860 list 30 additional in the 1900 list 30 additional in the 1870 list -13 additional in the 1910 list 40 additional in the 1880 list Z3 additional in the 1920 list Z1 additional in the 1800 list ZZ additional in the 1930 list RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURES ln this tabular statement of expenditures and receipts for the tenth year of each decade since 1850 there is shown striking increase in the beneftcent work of education by which St. 1.ot1is contributed to the welllheing of those so blessed as to share in its induence direct and indirect. communal and individual. - '-I: Y -'- ' RECEIPTS zrzezzrnzmtms , 5 611,653.95 1 cl aiu.: 1351 1 1111111 55 16,930.05 031111: 7111531 L 1560 216,U,23,0'1 including 215.997-19 11,751,614 c.o.H. 711159 ' 7 1570 1,010,083.26 1nc1ua1ng , 997.350-21+ 9,315.29 0.0.5. 811199 1850 1,002,330,215 including 965.200-99 1 369.39 C.0.H. 511179 I I 1 5 1,1 6,512.70 1 cluding 1,081,211-1.18 1 90 21,160.02 011041. 711139 1 1900 2,130,51-11.31 including 1,911,552-11 200,808.75 0.0.3. 711199 5 0 tt, 775311.95 including 11,109,551-53 1 111 i'11,O211.93 0.0.12 711109 1 1920 s,0o1s,171.o5 1nc1ua1nt: 5.1173.0711-57 1' i 1,579,915,714 0.0.1. 711119 1930 1s,671,006.z5 including 13.3356112310 - 5,5t12,h17.s0 c.0.H. 711129 18 It - 1930 1149 f ld 13511 - 1930 279 f91f1 . I 151160 - 1930 60 fgld 1550 - 1930 61 felt. .Egg Ou: - 2 -1 f ' Y 11231 1' 11'-111' l'1lfl1.1-1l.L'O ,. k '. Q' A ' ' iff 1 M H V MM Q - la fjf EDI.. . QL ' Vm-L THE FACULTY The subjects named are those taught by each teacher during the current term STIQPHHN DOUGLASS Prlinriprrl D. XVEIR flssislzrnl Prinrzpul ROSINE DICKNIAN I 1111'r Ifurupt-Im Hfvlurif lurlif Ifinmpran Hismr I1 1111111 Of fi:r.'.s LORRETTO-C. AMEND l'hgfsII'11I l.1lI1tI1II11n H.'11l1h AI. NI. BAILEY .llcrlmniral Drawing AIARY BECK lfnylixh I.irr'ruIurI' .-lrmiriran Ijlmiiluri' Inglish GEORGE A. BLUTHARDT Hand, Chorus. Dulcimer IRENE BOWLN Lnrin VIQRNON el. BRADBURN Cfzints uni! Eurlu Etirtipwn Hislnrgl RALPH BUTCHER Geography ELKIER CHRISTIENSON Pbysirs ROY V. COEEIQY NTARY A. DOYLE ,English EDNA E. EINIER Ifnglish LII:-future AIARJORIE ENVING .S!unographg. Typruqriling .lunmr Btrsini-ss Training IALITRFD FRIEDLI boriology I-arly lftzrripeun I'Iit1Org1 AIARTHA GERDES C1Iruf.lI1b.JL1r1I'1vr Orfhrslru Vhorus ANNA JEAN GIBNIEY .Np11msl7 J. GOCHENAUER .-Imrrican History lfurly Eurupvun Hivloru XAIVALLACE GUNDLACH I nglish f'r1'r111u1' Cjrmmocirzcin AISLIZE HAACK IUTIIRIITII Ifdurritiun Hvullh LILLIAN M. HELTZELL 1.411111 KARIN E. JANSSON Spiznrsh JAMES MCLAIN JONES lf11rI1f Lfirropezrn Hismry AGNES LODXVICK I-Ir! and Ar! ,-Ipprer1'a1I'on LORRAINE LOWRI' lfzzglish LEVI HARRIS IVIARKLAND C1'un1I'!rV. . IIg1'brI1 ELLES IVIARRIOTT .Yl1mI1z1I Y ru1'n1'ng KATIIERINF IVIARTINI Ciifrnuzn Luft-r lfumprurz Hislurtf PAUL IVIILLER fiwonyelrg, Alpuhru FRANCES IVIOOK Home Erononnrs. Biology KATHERINE IVIURRAY English lfurly European llixmry ROLAND NITUAIANN Phlfxiral Ifduraticm IVIABEL OLMSTEAD nImt-rirurz Hisloru Lulvr Europuzm llismzif IVIARY V. OSBURN l'ngII'sh ELISABETH J. PARKER l r1'nrl7 JOSEPH POWITLI. R. E. SCOTT Algebra. 'I'r1'g1Inon1r't1I1 firc1n1r'Iry I'I, B. SMELLIE CII-ugruphy. 1:'funfInI1'cs HAROLD E. SPROss ,-'IIy1'hru. Geometry .Ilunuul 'I ruining CATH ERINIS Z. SULLIVAN l'l1ux11'11llgiiurulmu llulllh LAURA TITHOINIURIQ l'ngI1sh C'1m1p1Is1'I1'or1 .IlI'1'hi1n1'i's Oral I-'xpri-mion EDW. VAN LANDECIIQND pllguhra. Geometry J. R. VERTRIEFS .llcchz1n1'rc1I Drallsing EDITH VOLKMANN l.'nql1.slI LAURA D. XVATKINS Isinlngy IVIARTIN WILSCJN f,'!II'1111s1rIf, .llgvltru NADYNE FAGIER HO1fl:kw'P1H9 C ' fium-ral Sc1'um'v Omni ,K ,lp , HAs. H. KELBAUCH H , .lirirgliggpjgizri1'11uii.:L 'liruining ESUKIAALEPIUF A 7 V - 4 G1-QR52 WAI' IRON JKNNIE CROVJDER .Umor Iixinms riumng W,..u1,,,.ng, 5,..,.,,,gmr,1m 11 ,,f,,,,,. ,5,.,,,.,,,,,... LOU1s M. KITTLAUs, SR. CO ? H'f'f'ILfmZ. . . BONNA NIEDRINCHAUs XIIAST DAVIS Physzral Eduralion L Junior Busmnm lmmmg Lrbrariim 1- Hfflllfv ILI.IAN I. RANDALL .. If H' s - I .15 I1-A U . , , - - JOSEPH A. SSKWOR 1'vmii1.'I'T'i1Ini:gs1't1'Zi1'I M I-Oqls KITTI-AUX JR' yyuining Supplies fJn,l1:xpr4.,x,Un Ihusital Ifdiualion I- ANI I I . 3 S11 - -LLIZABETH I NA -. TEN LDNA V. DELINIERF c.f.i.l.ii.1sf.'....1. p,,g,,1.,, G RICE 1 .v..,.,. .'mrr1r11n ismru , , ' IVIARCARET KNIGHT ' 4 DR. . . 'A ' ' DETERING Algebra. Geometry, I-AAEEIEISIII. ROACH .Yrll?I11IITl111'iYlXlEFlIiitih h rwrilinh. B1 kk' ' F ' ' .1..Tfi... 1a..i..Z.-5. Tf...'i.ifiyw AMEUA C- KR-AG BESSIE G. Ross DR. KATHERINE SCI--IAAF ISABFL DOLCH AU Biology I Srhfml rlorlor for Girls L111' I5 1 I- H'. 1 1 EXIIXIA LANGENIBERG THO S RU KE NI ' Iflirlg lfilidzvctili i German I K IX l'h!?:?g' 'yn In the Diamond Jubilee Number of the ND BLA K: in 1928, there appeared the 11211105 Of all the IGHCIUUS who had at any time, upLfo that .dzvte. been connected with the Central High School. From 1928 to date, the following named teachers have been members of the Central Faculty: M. M. BAILEY WALLACE C. GUNDLACH LUCY MCGUICAN ELIZABETH G. RICE MABEL E. Boss EMILY HELBIC PAUL G. MILLER HARRY F. ROACI-I VERNON J. BRADEURN KARIN E. JANSSON CAROLINE MOREELL BESSIE G. Ross M. S. BROWN W. R. JASPER KATHERINE MURRAY THOMAS J. RUCKER RALPH E. BUTCHER ROY IVAN JOHNSON BONNA NIEDRINGHAUS HAROLD E. SPROss PAUL H. CONANT LOUIS W. KITTLAUS, JR. L. F. PINKUS LAURA THOMURE RUTH COULSON MARGARET KNIGHT JOSEPH E. POWELL J. R. VERTREES MARY A. DOYLE LORRAINE LOWRY BESSIE RECHT EDITH VOLKMANN MARTHA GERDES LEVI HARRIS MARKLAND STELLA G. REEss MARTIN G. WII.SON AELIZE HAACK KATHERINE MARTINI DAVID REISS Fifty-three 1'1n.:': ..4w'W'-'f 'sf- -y n A -Lf v-frrsxx si-IlQ f 'i'k ' i -'f 'f-rf' t - A mmm 1 MY BRAIN By Josephine Tamalis, '35 Then when I go to bed at night, My brain is such a curious lhingf lt does surprise me so XVhy. it forgets the things I learned A little while ago. Ana' all at onfe remembers what lt thought I didn't knowf V XVhen all the bright stars gleam. The thoughts at play within my brain Like little fairies seem. I lie real still and wonder so XVhat I am going to dream. It surely is a curious thing- I like to walk all bg myself YVhen evening skies grow pink. And 'way beyond the distant hills To watch the great sun sink. But then it's lovely. too. Though I haue known it all my life. I1 always seems quite new: For l can neuer tell just what Ana' listen carefully lo hear My brain is going to do! Just what my brain will think. lfifty - four we N ss, V, 9' 5? T s s jg f vm YI' 5' 2 i Kg' K XS: S' inef- X 'X ,jf X543 X '. - Ie f , X ,E s W sell '. 'SCOUT TS. !.HCEf.L V J' I 'wi .M-..: E-wnwmul I ,. . 'Ii , -:gp , ST. LOUIS SCHOOLS By Myrtle Prophet, '33 HE oldest high school west of the Mississippi River-eighty years old. February ll, 1933-this Central High School. It is the object of this section to trace the history of education in St. Louis since the founding of the High School in 1853. The advance of the educational facilities has been rapid. Today in keeping with the modern trend. the young St. Louisan is offered every present-day convenience and advantage that will contribute in any way to his mental, social, and physical advancement. Let us live again in this review the eighty years of Central's life, let us pay homage to those persons who have devoted their lives so that Central might continue: and let us ponder over the fates of those thousands of' young men and young women who have passed from the portals of the school. The classes of 1933, too, will soon be included in the history of Central and its cherished traditions will be carried on by their successors. They, also. will leave the school behind and venture into the future. Some will return and carry on their work in the school, others will make a name in the profes- sional world for themselves, and others will live the life of the multitude and carry on the fundamental work of the world outside of the professions. HISTORY OF CENTRAL It was in February, 1853, that the first floor of the Benton School building was set aside for the purpose of housing St. Louis's first high school. Then, on the fourth day of the same month, the high school held the first meeting of classes with one principal, four teachers, and seventy-two pupils. Two years later, the High School was moved from the Benton School to the new building at 15th and Olive streets. The dedication of the building was held on March 24, 1856. Amid great excitement, the first commencement exercises were held in June, 1858, when thirteen pupils were graduated from the High School. A bronze memorial tablet now marks the site of the school. In 1861, after the outbreak of the Civil War, the schools, including the High School, were closed for several weeks. The registration during the next four years did not increase. It is readily perceivable that the cause of this deficiency was the prostration of the entire school system. The recovery from this calamity was quite rapid in the lower grades, but the High School, which suffered most, and which it had required years of patient labor to acquire, recuperated more slowly. By 1865 the enrollment began to grow steadily, and this year the graduating class contained twenty-seven members. By the year 1868, it was seen that the High School had nearly recovered from the effects of the war. The members in the higher classes had increased. The graduating class of this year, forty-two in number, was by far the largest ever graduated from the High School. Fifty-five , Q. l'T zzz: in By this time the accommo- dations of the High School rendered it necessary to make use of the basement, which was not suited for school purposes. It was proposed that either the school authorities raise the standards of admission to the High School and introduce higher branches into the gram- mar school, or divide the fourth story of the building, then being used as one large assembly room. The last course was decided upon, for it was thought wiser and more advan- tageous to the pupils to have all the pupils at the Central High School. This plan was adopted by the Board, and four convenient rooms were added, the dark rooms in the basement being dispensed with. I .. it QQ AX4 X . V A ,.., M I . . . itffffy e 'i's t 'e ' ' ' rf y s s Q The High School was built for ggfggllggwwvgli-'g,5.m'mm, 1gg'ggg,.,gQ,, ' the accommodation of 400 1 35353,-Egf5dwg.f 3kg?1Mw5 pupils: so branch schools were ' ' f -59,3 I ' ugmum, . . . l ' 13 251713 1 DTV IEXGH' - JUSWI SKATE : l - f ,r ' 4: er. az: um comm. - - ..-ef V ,lf, ffW-ff?1Tn5fL4?k?f2aZ'lfi12.mm.' School. The locations were chosen that would best accom- modate the younger pupils from the Whole city. ln 1872, four branch schools were in use and were located as follows: The Polytechnic Building, on 7th and Chestnut streets: High School the building on Christy Avenue, between l6th and 17th streets: The Peabody School Building, on 18th and Carrol streets: and The Douglass School. The pupils were admitted into the branch schools upon the same terms and on the same standards as the former applicants were admitted to the High School. It was in January, l88O, that mid-term commencement exercises were held for the first time in the history of the High School in Saint Louis, twenty-nine pupils being awarded diplomas. This custom of having classes graduate twice a year has been in vogue ever since. ln June of this year, a class of sixty-one pupils completed their courses in the High School. Fifty-six f'.w,s.,.,-f,...rm- . - 'su-we ' f f. .ma . c 'ru -- if -rf. and . adv-e The twenty-Hfth anniversary of the first graduation was celebrated on June 14, 1883. The grand total of graduates for the twenty-live years was 1138. All the classes that graduated from the High School between 1888 and January, 1900, held their graduating exercises in the Music Hall of the Exposi- tion Building on 14th and Olive streets, the June class of 1893, 108 in number, being the last to graduate from the old high-chool building. The year's enrollment numbered 1645. A lot located on Grand Avenue near Finney was purchased in April, 1885, for the site of a new high school. For a while there was considerable doubt as to whether the location was not too far west. Carefully gathered statistics showed that about two-thirds of the students lived within a radius of a mile and a half of the selected site. In the fall of 1886, contracts for excavation and foundation wall were awarded, and the work of building was begun. On account of the lack of funds, the foundation stood until 1890, when an interest 23? if 'is 554' 43350 sggl Qi Mi 55 gf Q Central High School Present Site, Yeatman Building on Grand Avenue, 1926-1933 in the new high school was revived and the erection of the building on the old foundation was begun. In September, 1893, the building was ready for occupancy. It contained sixty rooms, of which eight were large study halls, each accommodating from 170 to 200 pupils. Thirteen hundred pupils could be seated in the new auditorium. The building was dedicated September 2, 1893. Fifty-seven - .--,, A 'EI.'ELf3'55A'T7E,Y ZTL11' 'Z Q' -1 H , UV -- 1 c .. u. 'H'K'HEE3 A 'To truth and its holy cause. to the dissemination of the noblest and best treasures of human knowledge, to intelligence. to the development of every civic and private virtue in the young. to the refinement of thought and manner. the people of our city have dedicated these halls. May the efforts of teachers and pupils in this building be ever devoted to the best service of the people in the cause of education. Now pupils who had hitherto been scattered over four different buildings were united in one large unit. There were sixty-four teachers in the new high school. The January class of 1894 was the first to graduate from the new building. After 1900, the commencement exercises were held in the Odeon build- ing. and this practice was continued until 1909. Beginning in 1910 and continu- ing until 1925, the graduation exercises were held in the auditorium of the Grand Avenue building. Central High School celebrated the Seventy-Hfth anniversary of its founding on February 1 1, 1928. A banquet and a mass meeting in honor of this occasion were attended by nearly 3000 alumni. The total number of graduates was then 9,492 On October 4, 1927, Central was moved into the Yeatman building after the tornado struck the old Central building. Eleven graduating classes have passed from Central's fold since it has settled in the Yeatman building. These classes have increased the alumni until it is now more than l0,000. The enrollment of 1931- 1 932 was 1800 in the Yeatman building, which accommo- dates only 900 pupils: therefore portable buildings were resorted to for relief. HISTORY or THE OTHER HIGH SCHOOLS The year of 1933 found Saint Louis with one of the most elaborate forms of high-school organization. The growth of high schools in Saint Louis has been very rapid in recent years. Until 1904 there was but one high school in the city for white pupils. Since that time, as Mr. Bryan has recorded in his article on the history of Saint Louis schools, the Blewett Intermediate school is now relieving the Soldan. The ninth and tenth grades are taught at the Blewett. Saint Louis has established six academic high schools for white students and two for colored students. These schools are all filled to capacity. ln January, 1933, eight hundred and forty-nine students received diplomas from our various high schools. Every advantage is afforded the pupils. Books, paper, pencils, and all necessary materials are furnished free by the Board of Education. The finest teaching talent in the country is employed, every high school has a campus for athletic work for both the boys and girls, and two of the schools are furnished with swimming pools. Our eighty years of progress in the high schools has been such as to make all our citizens sit up and say, Well done. THE HARRIS TEACHERS COLLEGE At the beginning of lV1r. Soldan's superintendency, the teachers for the grades were supplied entirely from graduates of the Normal Course which was one of the fourteen courses offered by the one high school in the city, In 1898 there lfiflq-eight E .V in, Q1k y were several hundred graduate teachers from this course on the waiting list for positions in the Saint Louis Public Schools. From this list the schools could be supplied with teachers for five or six years. The disadvantage of having such a long interval between graduation from the normal work and the call into service were apparent. Because the supply of substitutes was growing, the Board closed the Normal Course ' until need for a further sup- ply of teachers was felt. In his report for l90l-l902, SuperintendentSoldan called attention to the approach of the need for teachers and outlined a plan for a Normal School. As a result of this recommendation, the Harris Teachers College, situated on Theresa and Park ave- nues, was erected. The cost of the site and building, lVash1'ngton University liI1OWI1 HS the l'l21I'I'lS TQ3Ch- Wushznglim i-lm-nur und 171I1S1rert7IS6I ers College was about Sl65,000, The work was taken up in the new quarters in September, 1905. The entrants were required to have a standard high-school diploma. One year at the Harris Teachers College was devoted entirely to professional study. ln addition to the work of the College faculty with the young women in the college, the faculty offered, after school hours, courses in professional and cultural subjects to the teachers already engaged in the teaching profession. Between forty and fifty per cent of all teachers in the schools took advantage of these opportunities. Later on, a summer-school term of five weeks was opened, with a faculty made up from the corps of the Teachers College and other lecturers of national reputation. It would not be easy to decide which has been the stronger power exerted by the College-its work in training young teachers, or its work in aiding and stimulating the teachers already in the Held. THE UNIVERSITIES Besides its six high schools for white students, its Vocational High School, and its Teachers College, the people of Saint Louis are proud, indeed, of their two magnificent universities-The Washington University and the Saint Louis University. Washington, one of the greatest universities of the West, was founded in 1853, the same year as Central, and opened under its present name in l857. It has grown with the city of St. Louis from a small seminary in a trading post to a powerful institution. Today, the main campus, on a plateau overlooking Fifty-nine r M . , . . .W Wm, if'Z?ggi,?sfw?g5ef,2':r3?TTlM:yo lT x 3 'WEs'Z'3l'l'7' N -r H.-.i.....a...LT3L'C1'S,r 5 3 f wg. ...ezff W the city, embraces 155 acres and has twenty-six buildings. The university has a faculty of 656 mem- bers and an annual student enrollment of approxi- mately 7500. The original charter of the University was granted on February 22, 1853. It was to bear the name of Eliot Semi- nary in honor of the Rev- erend XVilliam G. Eliot. a leading citizen. The cor- poration, however, re- named it Wasliington ln- stitute in l854. and this. too, was changed three years later to Washington University. The first educational work was carried on at an evening school for boys, during the winter of 1854-55. This evening school, and a day school which had been in opera- Academic Procession, June, 1931 flO1'1 fOI' SOTTIC time bCf0fC this period, were carried on by the same teachers until September, 1856, when a new building was com- pleted and occupied by the day school. The entire care of the evening school was later assumed by the Public School Board. The formal inauguration of the University took place on the 23rd of April, l857. The Honorable Edward Everett of Massachusetts delivered an oration on academic education, in the Mercantile Library Hall. This was the same Edward Everett who spoke at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, when President Lincoln delivered his famous Gettysburg Address. The first college degrees were granted in 1862. Since that time, the university has grown steadily, receiving additional endowments and adding new departments. In 1894, a tract of land was purchased just outside of the city limits, northwest of Forest Park. The generosity of the citizens of St. Louis made it possible to adopt plans for building and to begin work at once. The new site has been in the possession of the University since January 30, 1905. S 1' xl ll ..,, 1 W..-N . L Q X?2EM'2. ' W . 1 K i ' , .k,,.. W E my Washington University has, at present, thirteen divisions, all co-educational except the school of nursing. The institution has excellent laboratory equip- ment and the libraries contain 318,408 volumes. Throughout its history, the University has enjoyed competent leadership and the financial support of St. Louis's most distinguished citizens. Among the University's distinguished graduates are the following: Mr. Charles Nagel, who was Secretary of Com- merce and Labor under President Taft: Mr. Dwight Davis, former Secretary of War and Governor-General of the Phillippines: Senators Roscoe Patterson and Harry B. Hawes: former Governor Henry S. Caulfield: and a long list of others. Among the priceless possessions of the University Library is a document of about llOO words intimately concerned with the life of George Washington. It was one of the many gifts of the late William K, Bixby, who also presented to the library at various times, three other volumes containing letters and notes of the Washingtons. The University owes much of its recent progress to the liberal financial aid and untiring energy of Robert S. Brookings. In 1823, twelve Jesuits set out from the Jesuit House in Whitemarsh. Maryland, and after an adventurous journey, they reached the Mississippi River, just opposite St. Louis. The travelers were profoundly impressed by the mag- niflcent spectacle presented by the Ugreat river. A day or two after their arrival, the Jesuits established them- selves in three log cabins ly- ing about seventeen miles northwest of St. Louis. Here they opened a school for Indian boys, receiving their first pupils in 1824. Four years later, a few sons of prominent St. Louis families were sent to the Hlndian Seminary. Previously a de- sire had been expressed among the people of St. Louis and throughout Missouri. ' that a college should be St. Louis University in 1858 Ninth Slrr-ct and YVashinqIon Avenue opened in St. Louis. The Jesuits were transferred to a lot on 9th street and Christy Know Lucasj Avenue, which had been donated by a Catholic gentleman towards the establishment of a college. The adjoining property was purchased. and in 1828 ground was broken for a three-story building. The building faced south towards the high road leading to St. Charles and looked out on a vista of weedy ponds and suburban farms. Sixty-one 53' A ' t - 7-'Tlx' fa 1 YiC g:,Z'ZcL,J.'l-.QT ' 5' 1 '3S:'f,...,-Q ' A lLi.f..i ff 7. ' is ' A 'll W: 1, J: Ti. f. Miftg. iris . ,fi A H757 N3i3. H2F'IB'3 EE M411 A .. QED.. m' l 35- f' W., Wk' . The new building was not quite completed when its doors were opened and classes begun in it on November 2, 1829, with thirty boarders and 120 non- boarders registered. By the year 1831 the number of boarders had steadily increased, and it became manifest that additional room was necessary. lt was in 183 2 that the general assembly of 1V1issouri granted the new institution a charter and I g Q changed its name to the St. 14, J 1' V s gq.. Louis University. Degrees of ff' ' 1 graduation were first con- f-S 1 ferred by the University at . 'R 1' the annual commencement of -U L Q-. g 1834 upon three students. Q v 'X, W D ' . Zi GN During the first ten years, ..-f 1 M 'A ' there were twelve graduates 'Z ff' ' ' and the faculty numbered nineteen. lirrsl Ward School House, 1843 The University buildings were among the most prominent objects of the city, and the institution exercised a great moral influence over society in the town. Distinguished visitors who came to the city were usually given a reception at the college, by request of promi- nent citizens. The outbreak of the Civil War made its influence felt on the fortunes of the St. Louis University. Many of the students were from the Southern States, chiefly Louisiana, and when the Federal authorities, on May 10, 1861, seized upon a recruiting camp for the Confederate army, known as Camp Jackson, the excitement among the Southern students because very intense and they were impatient to go south before communication should be cut off. It was judged expedient to allow the students to depart. After a year of greatly decreased enrollment, the sessions of 1862- 1863 opened with increased number of students despite the ensuing evils and disasters of the times, which had cost the institution the loss of all its Southern patronage. Property on Grand Avenue, between Lindell and West Pine. was purchased by the University in 1867. The college was transferred to this site in 1888 and the old premises were sold. The St. Louis University is the oldest university in the Louisiana Purchase territory and it has grown with the city. Today the institution embraces Hfty-five buildings. The present-day enrollment of the University numbers some 6000 students with a faculty of 600 members. THE VOCATIONAL SCHOOL The Vocational School, organized thirteen years ago, has grown to be the finest vocational school in the country. After the Smith-1-lughes Act was passed Six! 1.1 - I wo xg., A ,,,,, 4 , ,IT A --- F, , .' W7'2T1fX r I X K In ,W V .Nw .f-Lf.fm..,W,-am. .,,. . .a ......,.,.,, , -. . . . A i ft .... .SMX .. ir+.s.aaaai..m. W' ,ff A p ' iiw i-f ,ilf -l in 1918, the Board of Education organized a group of continuation classes which were scattered through the city high schools, grade schools, and rooms furnished by stores and factories. These scattered classes were the nucleus of the Herbert S. Hadley Vocational School, which, with its enrollment of 2700, stands as a monument to better vocational training and a memorial to Herbert S. Hadley. GRADE SCHooLs All the schools in early St. Louis were French ones. The master held his school in one room. Usually the boys and girls went to different schools. The schools were all private and a fee was charged. In 1838, the first public schools were opened, one at 4th and Spruce and the other on Broadway and Cherry Streets. Each school had two rooms. Each had two principals, one for the boys and one for the girls. There were about 350 pupils enrolled in the two schools. They were not free-for each pupil was charged 32.50 each quarter. Since Mr. Bryan's article gives an excellent review of the grade schools, we shall not discuss that topic. Besides the grade schools for the normal pupil, St. Louis supports nine schools for the mentally handicapped. Here, besides the academic branches, all types of manual training work are featured. There are several types of schools for the physically handicapped. At the Michael School, on 4568 Forest Park Boulevard, the crippled children are cared for. Busses are furnished to transport the children to and from school. The pupils receive remedial medical aid under competent directors. The pupils may complete their high-school work at the Michael School. The physically handicapped who are predisposed to anaemia or to tuberculosis are cared for at the Porter Open Air school, at 5436 Natural Bridge Avenue: the Taussig Open Air, at 1540 S. Cirand: and the Resident Open Air at 199 E. Cleveland Avenue. Teachers are furnished to the children at the City Hospital, the Koch Hospital, the St. Louis Children's Hospital, the Missouri Baptist Hospital, and the Shriners Hospital. The morally delinquent are cared for at the Bellefontaine Earms and the House of Detention. PRIVATE SCHOOLS The private schools of St. Louis comprise a large and important part of the educational system of St. Louis. The best known of these schools are included in the survey of schools. Perhaps the best known is the Mary Institute, which is a preparatory school for girls between five and eighteen years of age. It is operated under the charter of the Washington University. It was established in 1859, as an undenomi- national school of high standards in college preparation, and general cultural courses are maintained. Hosmer Hall was established in 1884 as a girls' school. It was under private management until 1916 when the Alumni took it over, financed it, and Sixty-three K if NQQ sd M ' l1. l'I'IE f I .r erected a building that was Hrst occupied in 1918. Mrs. Elma H. Benton was appointed principal of l-losmer in 1919. However. she resigned from this posi- tion in December, 1932, and plans to resume work at Robert's College in Constantinople. The St. Louis Country Day is a preparatory school for boys up to the age of eighteen years. lt was established in 1917. An extensive building program has been carried on since 1921. Nearly all the boys who finish at Country Day enter Harvard, Princeton, or Yale. Miss Evanss Co-educational School was established in 1910. It meets special needs of normal children, who, through loss of time from school, need special individual attention and instruction. John Burroughs School was established in 1923. lt was opened by a group of St. Louis parents who were interested in modern educational ideals. Mr. Aiken, who has had charge since its establishment, has surrounded himself with a group of highly-trained teachers. The Principia School was established in 1898 by Mrs. Mary Kimball Morgan. The classes are small. and separate faculties are maintained for the Upper and Lower schools. These conveniences provide excellent opportunities for the students. St. Louis has eighty-eight Catholic parochial schools and twenty-two Lutheran schools. St. Louis has long been nationally known as the leader among cities in its school system. There is no type of education that has not been developed to a high degree. We have finely equipped grade and high schools for the normal child: we have the Special Schools for the mentally handicapped: and the Open Air Schools for the physically handicapped. ln eighty years the progress of the schools has been rapid and steady. The movements have ever been forward and never have we lost any progress we have made. We have had able. capable, and conservative leaders to whom our schools stand as a glorious monument. f- ff -s 1 ' 4 gf, F34 f Sixty-four SCIENCE ,, af mains - ff- - ' Q I THE RIVER DES PERES DRAINAGE PROJECT By Sylvia Hume N 1876 when St. Louis pushed its boundaries out to its present city limits and included the River Des Peres, fRr'Uer of the Fathers. and so called by French Jesuit missionariesj, the stream was small, clear, and clean, the surrounding land was covered with forest, and little damage resulted from its overflow. But with the opening of industrial sites, improvement of existing highways, extension of tramways, the construction of higher type pavement, and the general use of the automobile, the city's populace moved westward. For the last forty years almost the entire expansion of the city has taken place in the valley of the River Des Peres. and the stream became an uncontrolled and common dumping ground for industrial and domestic waste. Since it became apparent that St. Louis was harboring a growing menace to health and convenience, in 1905 the construction of four large sewers was begun. Only one, completed in 1913, can be said to have been contemplated as part of a permanent plan. After data was obtained and a comprehensive report submitted to and approved by the president of the department in 1916, there was left to be considered the manner of financing the improvement. lt was decided that the estimated cost of six million dollars should be supplied by bond issue. For various reasons, it was not until 1923 that there was passed a bond issue includ- ing an item of eleven million dollars for the River Des Peres improvement. Since few changes had been made in the original plans, the department was prepared. and construction began in March, 1924. Now the project is practically completed after eight years of labor and nineteen miles of sinuous stream have been replaced with thirteen miles of structure. For four miles of its stretch through the city's western residential district and Forest Park, the ugly, unruly river has been confined within concrete conduits. The backill on the conduits will be allowed to settle for two years and then the city plans to build a roadway, Des Peres Boulevard, over the closed construction from the western city limits through Forest Park. Sixlyvsix M A b:---- - - - -'--x'f- , li E -- xk xf, i Mi H E Wmzgawf THE ADVANCE OF SCIENCE DURING THE LIFE OF CENTRAL HIGH SCHOOL ARALLELING the birth of our nation in 1776, the birth of the science of chemistry took place two years previously when Lavoisier introduced the balance into experimental work to determine the nature of metallic corrosion or rusting in his famous twelve-days experiment. The parallel development of the exact sciences contemporaneous with the growth of our nation has given it a culture unique in the history of the world. The growing tendency to emphasize the material accomplishments should not blind us to the spiritual contributions of this development of the exact sciences. The growth of the American system, based upon the expanding iield of vision secured through the development of these sciences is the brightest chapter yet written into human history. Contrary to popular belief, the increase in human knowledge has never for a single moment contracted the spiritual horizon of human kind, but has pruned the superstitious excrescences acting as barnacles upon the human spirit and has given it vision and power of Hight into the limitless realms of its possibilities. Not least among the offsprings of this union of a free young government with the spirit of scientific inquiry was that child born in the heart of the nation in 1853, then its western frontier, To show that this parentage is unquestioned, let us quote from its birth certificate: Resolved that a High School be established, the course of instruction in which shall occupy four years and comprise the following studies: Higher Arithmetic, Algebra, Geometry, Plane and Spherical Trigonometry, Surveying, including Navigation, Analytical Geometry, Civil Engineering, Natural Philoso- phy, Natural History, Mineralogy, Geology, History of the United States, Constitution of the United States, English Analysis and Composition, Rhetoric, German, French, and Latin Languages, Mental Philosophy. On February ll, 1853, the first class of the first public high school west of the Father of Waters was actually begun. From the above resolution of the St. Louis Board of Education, it can be seen that the growing consciousness of the part that the sciences were to play in the development of our city and country was well crystalized at this time. The progressive death of feudalism and monarchy during this period of history is a natural outcome of the freeing of the human mind by the develop- ment of the scientific spirit and the knowledge growing out of this spirit of objective impartial inquiry. Auspicious for the beginning of secondary education in St. Louis was the accumulation of brilliant work in all the sciences in the last quarter of the eighteenth, and the first half of the nineteenth century. Sixty-seven I' a3.Li'.:.Tx3.T.'?Z.7..I.TZZS,T!'I ' N-W . Y- Z. -'wg-Aix Q t' . .fr ' , . J wrist 3 wh- ...La Nu. A YYN .g N W W -Fw fa:-V is-J Ei 'iii 1 ,f'3:lxfff2i.ffD ti.. ...gi ig, 35525 1-.tagf Nea 'WYFQS7 I .,.. ,:..f wi , To the accumulated brilliant work in physics of the eighteenth century. including the researches of Count Rumford denying the caloric theory of heat. must be added that of Dr. J. R. Mater of Heilborn publishing a paper in l8-lZ on the mechanical equivalent of heat. In this paper he described the first attempt to determine the height through which a body must fall to raise the temperature of an equal quantity of water one degree. In I853, two years subsequent to the beginning of Central High School. Helmholtz computed the total heat resulting from the condensation of the sun and the planets from an original initial density of zero to the present condition. He computed that only about l '454th part of the original energy remains as such and that the heat which has already been dissipated into space would raise the temperature of a mass of water equal to that of the sun and planets to a temperature of twenty-eight millions of degrees centigrade. During this time, study of the flow of heat from the interior of the earth enabled Sir Wm. Thompson to determine between reasonable limits the interval since the earth began to solidify. ln 1850 Foucault measured the time required by light to travel over a dis- tance of about 20 meters. Time is about l 715000000 second. an interval that bears about the same relation to the second that the second does to six months. This measurement was made possible by a method used by Wheatstone in determining the duration of an electric spark. Faraday had paved the way for the idea that the medium that transmits light is also concerned with the transmission of electrical and magnetic action. His work between l83l and l84l resulted in establishing the idea that inductive action is communicated from point to point in space. Clerk Maxwell brilliantly expounded this electromagnetic theory mathe- matically, and paved the way for the discovery of electromagnetic waves upon which modern wireless communication is based. In l888, Hertz first succeeded in producing and detecting waves set up by a spark discharged from a large induction coil and condenser. The condenser consisted of two metallic spheres thirty centimeters in diameter. This he did by reflecting them from a zinc plate and thus producing stationary waves by the combination of the primary and the reflected waves. The waves he thus succeeded in producing were 5.55 meters in length. Spectrum analysis has been developed during the period of the beginning of Central High School. Fraunhofer discovered the dark lines of the solar spectrum in l8l7. It was not until I866 that Bunsen and Kirchoff suspected the significance of the dark lines. Langley found that only one-fifth of the energy of the solar spectrum is from visible radiations. In the visible part of the spectrum the luminous and heating effects rise and fall together. All the dark lines are of lower temperature. S1.x'IUfi'1'g1f'1! f,9,..,,a.a.. A, r .5 . ...a.f..,.v-,,.......f w ay- t - I .1 .- . . .f- -' 5ifWfvr'r 'zW T?We --..l Ti'55 I Lili-ca,-r' '-,gifirfsvw-re-31, -ffg?Q'h'Qf-.'f'i?f'7?T :TV e J-.4 ' .,ag'fHn.,'w-fa, . 'EM Y W- .- br Y H. N E , The greatest development in any one branch of physics during the life of Central High School has been that of electricity and magnetism. Oersted, Arazo, and Ampere discovered that the space around a current of electricity is a magnetic field. They studied the directive action of currents upon magnetic needles and upon other currents, Out of these studies grew the needle telegraph. Sturgeon made the first electromagnet. The application of Faraday's great discovery of 1831 has developed by leaps and bounds within the history of Central High School. It was not, however, until about thirty years after the founding of Central High School that Edison's invention of the incandescent light gave impetus to the development of the industry on a grand scale. The application of the electric motor to city trans- portation came as an advance step following the development of power stations for lighting purposes. It was in 1873 that it became apparent that the electric dynamo was reversible. This of course laid the foundation for the mechanical applications of the electric current that today drives our trolley cars, sweeps our floors, washes our clothes and runs on an ever-increasing scale our power machines of industry. The first telephone was constructed and operated by Philipp Reis in 1861 and 1862. He named the instrument a telephone. Bell modified the Reis receiver, making the armature in the form of an iron disc and used the same instrument for a transmitter. One of the graduates of Central High School, Herbert Swope, is President of the General Electric Company. This company maintains a research laboratory at Schenectady, New York, that is contributing to the field of pure science as well as to the problems of the engineering adaptation to the benefit of mankind. In 1895 Roentgen discovered X-rays. The far reaching consequences of the discovery threaten today to revolutionize the most fundamental of our former concepts of time, space, matter, mass, and energy as well as the nature of atoms, substances, and chemical changes. It directed attention to radiant phenomena, and Bequerel's investigation of uranium salts quickly followed. The work of Soddy, the Curies, Rutherford, Lewis, Langmuir, and Bohr on the fundamental nature of atoms was a logical sequence. The daguerreotype of 1839 was followed by the wet plate process of 1850 in photography. Dry plates were first shown possible in 1854. Outstanding in biology during this eighty years is the contribution of Pasteur to the field of medicine in showing the relationship of bacteria and protozoa as a cause of contagious and infectious diseases. This has led to a science of biology, serology, and preventative medicine. His successful treatment of hydrophobia and anthrax, as well as his saving the grape and silk-worm industry of France from ruin by disease, are but high spots of his researches. Sixt y -nine was M -i'f1Sq?'i' 1-.. -Q fi f-'ff it .re ' li . za' 7 2e,7:ggl,5 as Q L 'K get-E if 7 sifiimz-' 'nr'-'M 'T5 7Z7t'.1'-' .. .1 wvhlfw' He scientifically refuted the then prevalent notions of spontaneous generation of life. This occurred in the early decades of Central High School. The scientific plant breeding of Luther Burbank needs but to be mentioned. He removed the seeds from the orange, and the spines from the cactus by breeding. Besides this, in biology we will merely mention some of the developments. The work of Gregor Mendel of Brun, Austria, in the early sixties of the nine- teenth century is the most scientific contribution to this Held, and has led early in the twentieth century to the foundation of the science of genetics. The physiological chemical studies of enzymes, endocrines, and vitamines serve to show the direction of study of a functional nature in biology. Darwin's work furnished an improved basis for classification, and his unifying principles of development were also felt within the period of our history. Space prevents adequately to describe the advance in methods of study of earthquakes and volcanoes, weather observation and prediction, magnetic surveys, oceanographic studies. Descent to great depths in the ocean in a steel ball, the bathosphere, and ascent into the stratosphere, by means of the aluminum ball to maintain pressure are developments of but yesterday. Means for human descent to the great depths of the ocean such as the Tuscarora deep, travel through the stratosphere at unthought-of speeds merely await further engineer- ing refinements. It remained for the new science of radioactivity to conciliate the discrepancy between Helmholtz's computed age of the earth and that demanded by the paleontologist and the geologist to account for the lithographic history of the earth. By the slow release of energy due to radioactive disintegration of materials, the long period of sustained heat and life history can be accounted for. Not only that, but chemical analysis of the products of radio action has furnished a direct measure for proving a minimum greater antiquity for the earth than was formerly attributed to it by Helmholtz's computations. One gram of uranium after it has produced the equilibrium proportion of radium, gives off helium at the rate of one cubic centimeter in sixteen million years. Since the mineral fergusonite contains twenty-six centimeters of accumu- lated helium for every gram of uranium, the samples of this mineral must be at least four hundred and sixteen millions of years old. This establishes the earth as much older than the one hundred million years previously ascribed to it. The work of Lorentz and Einstein in establishing new concepts of time and space fall within this period. Thus the main point of their work is to show that not only is reality in the physical world a function of the objectivity and condition of the thing under observation, but physical measurements are relative rather than absolute. Their analysis destroys all the old absolutes. It is an extension and a more exact representation of the inductively observed facts of nature. Thus such new ideas must be added, as that dimensions and mass are functions of relative velocity. Whenever the relative velocity of the thing Seueniy . . ,.xA,.x .. .,..,,.,: .Q .x,. f -,g4 -af . 1 ,. -3 -X sf V AN ELS W observed to the observer approaches an appreciable fraction of the velocity of light, these must be allowed for, in celestial mechanics, physics, and in engi- neering. Aston's work on positive ray analysis, Rutherford's work on exploding atoms, Plank's work on black body radiation is beyond the scope of this article, but suflice it to say that they all lead to a single conception of our physical universe in Which, Clj the electric nature of matter, CZJ the quantum theory of radiation, C35 the relativity of time, space, and mass are but fundamental statements of various aspects of a unified physical system. With this development of physical and spiritual power, the economic, social, and political world has not kept pace. We need leaders with vision. Any political, economic, or social leader that complains of the advance of the physical sciences, and blames them for the present condition of the world has neither foresight, hindsight, nor present clear vision: for these developments of the sciences have wrought a fundamental change in the conditions of stabilizing society. America today needs a scientific alphabet, historians sheared of their accumulated prejudices and warped visions, a simplified legal system adapted to the diversined economic system, and not based upon the simple homogeneous economy that obtained in the early days of our government. It needs bankers and business men, not expedientists, but those who have fundamental intellectual and moral integrity, and above all teachers and states- men who can think clearly, see broadly, act unselfishly, and study deeply. These leaders must be broadly educated, not merely trained. They must possess natural ability and a vision of humanity and a humanism that transcends prejudices and specialties, and they must have power to simplify our over- organized system, The world today needs a spiritual renaissance, There are but two lines of development. Either the world will be reorgan- ized on a basis of reason, humanity, and justice or civilization will be wrecked by its hatreds, prejudices, and special organizations. Then indeed can the poem of Edna Vincent Millay, The Epitaph on the Race of Man, be considered prophetic. Material collected by Helen Cassimales Revised and extended by sponsor, Mr. M. C. Wilson THE BEGINNINGS QF SCIENCE IN ST. LOUIS By Howard Wz'IIz'ams, '33 As one of the leading scientific cities of America, St. Louis owes its distinction to the early inception of scientific study here. Long before 1853, St. Louis gave serious attention to study of a scientific nature, not only of the fauna, flora, geography, and natural history, but also of the pure sciences and medicine. Long before St. Louis was large enough to be called a city, it was the scientific center of the Middle Vvfest and West. Therefore, since it seems impossible to speak Seventy-one 021.1 , i adequately of the development of science in St. Louis since 1853, the founding of Central High School without regard to its beginnings, we take the liberty in this article of dealing with its early advancement as well as with its later progress. The selection of St. Louis as a base for scientific study is largely due to its location. St. Louis was the gateway to the West for the fur traders and for westbound caravans, and therefore it became the base for scientific expeditions to the West. Its location near the many Indian mounds, long a subject of D- - A - --.N --.. .. . M3, f::f,QfQi55'f, N ' fi' -as N ,X . A.: 18'-f. 1. av- - ,H T'---ia , -, -1 ' - , . V 3- -- P- ' .. ' ' , V. 1 '- aw. . U -A4-f ff ,,f-- ' .. 1 1,550 V 2-1 .iam ' ' --f , 'rf--.-: ' W-if-lf!'!'-9?'f-'if-3 ,Q -,, -,ff-L . -..L .1-.,,..i.-.....-.- A H - g-M, ,,:.,., 1 , nu. . , ' '1 ' . tra-'zifnafifg 1 f --iw!! A C ...r?'.' ' M ,, ., ' , 'M , .M W -: jf... .iv-- , i f -' - ' , . ' fi' A ' A ,fl tal '-. 3 ,-'wiki-15.1-f-jf,i1f.rL ,, Q-1- - f'. fe i w . f w W -. iv. . ird --2 . -f,..,.,,, M t 7' 1 A - vga 5, , '. t'-- ' ' -ta. +f'W'V 'YM ... '. ' ' N ' I .15 ri , . -- ' M- -t i' ,gh ' W me I ,il .,.-51nau..... , 0, ' ff' 'i, 'v,g-ffi?,,vi , f,'1.-.- A. . W A f,,,i ra U-M. . Aw , ,....--fe.. ,-5 gl ,. ',,g,.-,115 ,:,,g,.,1! L ,V ff-. fi -- . fi aw-.Nus a 'L-W-f ' F . iiivlrdit 41:23, 'ff' -sr - T 1. , 2 , .,,, V , Q :n .., f'Se -ffd '-e A ' x D ' fin overland lrain on Us way west from Missouri lo lhe Fur 1Vi'SI scientific study, and also the nearness of the mineral deposits of Missouri made St. Louis a base for their study. The fauna, flora, and geography of the Mississippi and Missouri valleys brought many botanists, geologists, ornitholo- gists, and other scientists to the city. As early as 1796, Andre Michaux, a distinguished French botanist. visited the vicinity of St. Louis in his study of forest trees looking to the possible transportation to France. He mentioned St. Louis as a prosperous settlement in his A'F1ora Boreali Americana which he wrote upon returning to France. The Lewis and Clark expedition in 1804-1806 made many scientific discoveries of note: but the absence of scientists on the expedition prevented its being made known. ln 1809 and 1810, John Bradbury, who had been commissioned by the Botanical Society of Liverpool to make researches in the plant life of the United States, explored the vicinity of St. Louis within a one-hundred-mile radius. With St. Louis as a base of operations, he made an exhaustive study of the natural history of the neighborhood, explored the coal and lead mines, and collected many living specimens of the animal and the plant life. He advocated the manufacture of saltpeter from the nitre found in the caves of Missouri. On his return to England, he wrote a book on his travels, after which. in 1817 or 1818, he returned to St. Louis and took up permanent residence here. Even before St. Louis had been incorporated as a town in 1808, the first Serenity-tuso ,.l,, , ., ,1f::?. , 1 f 9' 1 .. chemical laboratory had been established. Dr. Antoine Francois Sangrain, who had been commissioned by the King of Spain to study the geographical formations, fauna, and flora in America, came to St. Louis in 1800. In the small frontier village-which St. Louis was at that time-he opened a labora- tory and started a medical practice. Many contemporaries began to suspect him of black magic when they watched his phosphoric matches ignite spontaneously and when they saw his mysterious thermometers and barometers: but his medical care for them convinced them of his friendliness. During this period, while the foundations of our city were being estab- lished, inestimable aid was given to the cause of science by those hardy pioneers of science who accompanied military and fur-trading expeditions. In 1806 Zebulon Pike led an expedition to the West, which gathered interesting scientiic data, and Major Stephen H. Long led a scientific expedition in 1819 and 1820, which extensively studied the Indian mounds, lead mines, and plant life of the vicinity about St. Louis. Alexander Philip Maxmillian, Prince of Neu Wied. made a scientific exploration in St. Louis and Missouri about 1833. Numerous other scientists of note, such as Thomas Nuttall, John K. Townsend, and Dr. Adolph Wislicenus accompanied other commercial expeditions. John C. Freemont led four scientific expeditions in 1842, 1843, 1845, and 1848, on, each of which many discoveries of scientific note were made. In 1843, John James Audubon, the ornithologist, led an expedition up the Missouri River, and in 1846, Dr. Adolph Wislicenus made his second expedition. Credit should be given the trappers and fur traders who guided these expeditions, as little could have been done without their aid. The first astronomical observations made in St. Louis which we record, were taken by J. H. Nicollet, a distinguished French astronomer and geographer, who visited St. Louis about 1836. With the aid and cooperation of the Jesuit fathers of St. Louis University, he gathered interesting observations about this great interior country. It is because of this sort of aid, and because of their continued work for the advancement of science, that our city's two uni- versities, St. Louis and Washington, have gained their high scientific ranking. One of the showplaces of St. Louis, the Missouri Botanical Gardens, was established through the generosity of Henry Shaw after his death. Its inception was largely due to the researches of Dr. George Englemann, who had been commissioned by Shaw to study Botanical gardens. Besides his botanical studies, Englemann was a zealous meteorologist, and for almost fifty years he made and recorded accurate barometrical and therometrical observations. Even in 1840, the population of St. Louis was little more than 16.000 inhabitants: therefore, much credit must be given to those early leaders of science in St. Louis, who did such remarkable work despite the inadequate facilities of the city at that time. The prominence of St. Louis is largely the result of the excellent foundation they laid here for scientific study. Seventy-three af 'P X .,. . . -,-M-. ,- , . . .. . th . ,.., . .- . ,III fafiunnunf -.. u -r n kiflflili WQEIEBKAN K fi, CITY PLAN OF ST. LOUIS By Joseph Tanaka. '33 Scientific progress has given necessities, luxuries, and the city to the once independent individual. The city is a seething mass of humanity where rushing throngs run in rhythm to racing machinery. Here the problems and perplexities of modern life confront not the individual, but the city. Science serving the individual has ignored its service to the city. This article purports then to show the close relationship between the city and the individual. Also it purports to show how the neglect of the city has hindered the individual progress and the fullness of living of the city dweller. If L'Enfant could look upon the city of St. Louis, he would, indeed, be chagrinned and greatly disappointed. Through eyes of a foresighted designer he would be ashamed and disappointed that his well-devised plan for Wash- ington, D. C., had been only another city plan, and not a noble model for America's great cities. His gaze would envelope here crowded skyscrapers towering above narrow, traffic-congested streets with slow, impeded, moving traffic in the most strategical city in the United States, a city whose central position in the agricultural, commercial, and manufacturing regions demands that it should have swift and unhampered service. It matters not if he view the city from the levee to the city limits, north or south, the lack of a well-devised plan would still be seen with each block as evidence of the failure of some one to see the relation of things. If we turn back the pages of St. Louis history, it would reveal no statements concerning a well-defined, scientific city plan. Since Laclede founded St. Louis in 1763, there was no thought of a city plan for a rapidly growing city. Years passed swiftly. Years of prosperity and phenomenal growth for St. Louis. Yet all of this expansion and extension of streets took place with seemingly little thought that these improvements should follow a well-defined plan. No one sought to peer into the future and visualize the many defects in the involuntary city plan which might have been avoided by a little foresight on the part of the city's leaders, even as late as 1840. Years went by, and, according to the directory of 1845, St. Louis was increasing more rapidly than any town of its dimensions in the Union. By the middle of the nineteenth century, many public utilities and public interests began to receive more attention, but still no effort was made for considering a city plan. The city of St. Louis thus extended and expanded until the last part of the nineteenth century. St. Louis, of course, in the early days, with its houses and lanes and its open prairies and lovely forests had abundant opportunities for recreation. But the modern city of St. Louis, with its skyscrapers and factories, crooked, con- gested streets, smoke and noise is sorely in need of open squares, parks, wide. beautiful boulevards and the like. Seventy-four is K X'A- :Qf it -3' -. - - unim n X . . ,,.. :glam- vs Thus this brief historical sketch shows the absence throughout its history of a well-considered plan to guide the growth of the city, and the people of today, consequently, feel the ill effects of this important omission, True, it is never too late to profit from past experiences. In the spirit of this proverb, a few years ago, a plan for the central river front of St. Louis was drawn by Harland Bartholemew, the city's engineer, and this plan merits our deepest consideration. We know of the vast importance the influence of the river has had upon the city, but during the last quarter of the 19th century many significant changes have taken place, Above all, river traflic has declined because of the advent of mechanical transportation, and St. Louis was becoming an inland city , In view of these changes, and in an effort to make the most of the advantages offered by the river front, the obsolete buildings east of Third Street will be razed and a river-front plaza erected, with lower levels of river-front plaza reserved for public parking space, garage, subway terminals, and the like. A new thoroughfare one hundred feet wide is provided for from the and southwestern part of the city to Third Street in the business plan also calls for the construction of elevated roadways in this having capacity for six lanes of high-speed trafhc. These are the in this most scientiiic plan which includes street widening, parks other improvements. Consequently, from these projects would arise numerous advantages. Thus in a most monumental manner the long-sought northwestern district. The thoroughfare major points squares, and benetits and improvement of the river front will be accomplished, the demand for parking space and garage facilities will be satisfied, and above all, both vehicular and water Qpossibly airj approaches to the city of St. Louis will be highly attractive, convenient and inviting. And then, perhaps, L'Enfant might look with approval upon the Greater City of St. Louis. SKYLINE By Alma Reitz. '33 To see you is to speak of progress, You tell of weary workers many, As against the horizon you tower. lVho through days of heavy. Telling of the great things yet to come grinding toil From man as magic mind and power. Did labor in rain or shine to build You in splendor from lowly soil. Mingled throughout you are silhouettes, Strange, weird. awe-inspiring and grand. Lofty skyscraper, friendly church spire: Side by side in all unity stand. Seventy-Hue Mara. ...,- M- ,.. ., X' Q ja if , ' -I .aaa N. .GW 3 ' A 1' i so S ' is -Q.'l'I'fEl . QE? E ilk .AWE s NTQBW' i , . ST. LOUIS A CHEMICAL CENTER By Helen Cassimatis, '33 During the span of Mr. Bryan's life, St. Louis has become one of the most important chemical centers in the United States. Many have been the factors which have contributed toward placing St. Louis in an enviable position in the chemical industry of the United States. I shall attempt to cite a few of the l l I l Filtration Plant in St. I,muis's Mammolh lVllIl'fLL'lJfk.Q most important factors from information which is authentic, for it was supplied by Mr. Ring of the Industrial Club, from the latest data he has collected. St. Louis is located at the crossroads of the nation where railroads pene- trating and extending in all directions, in this great country of ours, meet. Not only are the railroads a means of transportation and communication but the Mississippi River, also, offers an ideal medium for shipping at rates that are reasonable and much cheaper than those of the railroads. Of late the river transport has been in constant use by our various industries in St. Louis. Our chemical industry is making use of its strategic location by importing to the city chemicals from Chili, Louisiana, Texas, and other places. St. Louis makes an ideal location for establishing and operating chemical plants because it can supply at reasonable prices power, fuels, water supply, and labor. Vkfe are very close to and surrounded by one of the largest coal fields in the United States. One tenth of the production of the coals in the area close to St. Louis is utilized in our city. The refineries of the district assure an Si L'er71y-six ,gil-F' .. y cwaraixvam ...saw af adequate supply of liquid and gaseous fuels all at attractive prices. Industrial St. Louis now has available natural gas from Louisiana by direct pipe line. Electricity is cheap in St. Louis for our industries and it provides amply the power needed. The situation as to water is more than satisfactory. We have in our city a municipally owned water plant with a capacity of 215,000,000 gallons per day. The rates for industrial uses are very liberal. Labor also is highly diversified and the labor market is large. Because of these six reasons, its ideal location, its exceptional distributional facilities, its sources of raw materials, fuel, water supply, and labor, St. Louis has become a center not only of chemical but of many other important industries. The important mineral resources of the St. Louis industrial area are ores of lead, zinc, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, manganese, tungsten, non-metallic minerals, such as fire clays, flint clays, china clays, Burley clays, shales, diaspores, bauxites, limestones, dolomites, barytes, granite, and other building stones: glass and molders' sand: tripoli. fluorspar, fuller's earth, mineral ochres. pig- ments. and materials for cement manufacture. There are also large and well- developed resources of bituminous coal, developing and expanding petroleum resources and natural gas. Seventy-five miles from St. Louis, in southeastern Missouri, very valuable lead ore deposits are to be found. The lead occurs as a galena, disseminated in a dolomitic limestone. After being concentrated, at the mine, to about seventy per cent, the lead is smelted at Herculaneum, Missouri, or Collinsville, Illinois, both points on the outskirts of St. Louis. The local plants utilize this lead in the manufacture of sheet lead, lead pipe, alloys, etc. Other plants convert it to serve our city paint. storage battery, rubber, and chemical industries. The value of the lead produced locally in 1928 approximated 834,000,000 Did you know Joplin and the district around it is a very important source for the production of Zinc ores? Zinc deposits are to be found also in southern Missouri, northern Oklahoma, and eastern Kansas. The ores occur as a zinc lead aggregate and are usually concentrated at the mine and are then shipped to St. Louis. They are then converted into products which serve our local industries for paint, fabrication of tires, linoleum fillers, zinc alloys, roofing, and numerous industrial and chemical proceses in which Zinc and compounds of zinc are essential. Three groups of iron ores are to be found in the state of Missouri: blue specular hematites, red hematites, and brown limonites. The blue specular hematite is to be found near the Boy Scout Summer Camp at lron Mountain and Pilot Knob. And it has been traced seventy-live miles south of these locations. The red hematites occur in the central western part of the state, having been chiefly developed along the Frisco and Rock lsland railroads. The brown limonites are found practically in every county in southern Missouri and SeL'enti,f-seven fi 'A 5' 'Mi northern Arkansas. The blue specular hematite and red hematites are shipped and smelted at Granite City. The brown limonite is shipped here to local iron furnaces. Cobalt, nickel, and copper ores contain some lead and zinc. These ores are found in the Predricktown district, south, on Highway 61 to Cape Girardeau and 67 to Poplar Bluff, and occur as deposits centering around the granite domes or knobs peculiar to that area. The Missouri Cobalt Company has been working these deposits. ln this same region manganese and manganiferous iron ores are to be found. However, no extensive deposits have been uncovered. The bulk of the manganese ores for use in our local chemical plants is shipped from northern Arkansas. Probably you have noticed the great number of clay pits which can be seen in St. Louis and its county? The plastic clays, flint clays, and brick clays are found abundantly in the region northwest and west of the St. Louis area and in certain portions of western and southern Illinois. They are used locally in the manufacture of fire brick, furnace tile, sewer and soil pipe, terra cotta, glass furnace floats, building and face brick, and hollow tile. Burley clays and diaspores occur as pockets and deposits in the fire clays found in the north central section of the state, in the south and west parts of Missouri, as well as in southern Illinois and northern Tennessee. Ball, Sager, and china clays occur in this district also. They are used both locally and in eastern potteries in the manufacture of terra cotta, pottery, chinaware, sanitary ware, electric insulators, etc. The central part of Arkansas yields bauxites. They are calcined in Arkansas before they are shipped and refined in East St. Louis. Bauxites are also shipped to St. Louis through New Orleans from Dutch and British Guiana. Practically the entire countryside on both sides of the Mississippi River is underlaid with excellent grades of stone. Therefore the St. Louis district is well supplied with limestone. Operations are both open quarry and under- ground mining. You may have seen large operating quarries located at Krause. Columbia, and Valmeyer, lllinois, and in St. Louis and Ste. Genevieve counties, Missouri. They occur in calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, iron and alumina oxicles, and silica. These limestones find local use for metallurgical purposes, iron and lead Smelting, crushed stone, for roads, ballast, concrete, agricultural limestone, and chemical lime. I did not realize before to what distant points of the country Missouri limes were shipped. Missouri limes have the reputation of being the highest calcium limes produced in the United States. Uses of barytes are in manufacture of asbestos products, paper, printers ink, rubber tires, sealing wax, etc. Regular shipments go as far west as San Francisco, and Los Angeles, north to St. Paul, Minnesota, and Montreal, Canada: east to New York and South Carolina: and south to Florida, Louisiana. and points in Texas. Sevenly -eight Q . f . X I rgggyyh Nath g f tg-flIIfiE,.I2.E,DE'.AN' , in Dolomite and barytes, as well as granite and various other building stones, are also to be found in Missouri. Dolomite is especially suited for steel furnace linings. Sand, gravel, and tripoli are produced in this district. Mortar and concrete sands are obtained in large quantities from the Mississippi and Meramec Rivers in St. Louis and its county, Tripoli is mixed and prepared at Seneca, Missouri. Cement is also a very important contributor to the value of the mineral produc- tion of the St. Louis area. There are four or five plants in Missouri engaged in the manufacture of cement. Thus the nature of facilities above described and the enterprising spirit of its captains of industry have combined to make our city one of the most important chemical manufacturing centers in the United States. I wish to repeat that my information comes from Mr. Ring and is largely an abstract from a most interesting pamphlet which he furnished the RED AND BLACK. WINGS By Joe Tanaka, '33 Have you seen St. Louis from the air? You haven'tI Then come with me to the Lambert-St. Louis Airport, the aerial crossroads of America, and ride in the airplane, the mechanical bird of progress. w, , . , Here is my car, hop in-and prestol Here is K, the airfield just twenty minutes by automobile over swift, speedy highways from downtown St. Louis, 'L Look! We are in time to see a Curtiss Condor take off. That is only one of the types of aircraft in l We i that we produce right here in St. Louis. Over there towards the north, that low building is the A109551 'li ' 'rf L' ,fl ,ff .ia 1 .A M16 f Afrlfi , . , wg, 1' 1 l I tri-at in ' lf' vi 'ft' i ff X' l l . rev , 'rf f 1 fggq wnxffrt w EJ., rf, - -s. ,R WE' wi Q A .f:jYifii3si, iff... T ?i 1? A Z y 1 X ' ' V ff.- , 3, ,- vt-T. ills. ff N' - A .1 -W ., .! f'-E a. 4 fl X Curtiss Aircraft Factory. On this broad apron before the hangars we have planes that have come in or are taking off. Come, we are in time to have a ride in the Ford Tri-motor. A beautiful job, isn't it? Resting like a big bird with wings outstretched andi. Come, we must hurry if we are to see St. Louis before the sun sets. Watch your step and watch the slipstream of those three propellers. There you are. All the convenience and safety protection of an automobile. Comfort- able, isn't it? We are rolling up to the runway. You notice that all planes wait and do not leave till the air-traflic operator signals with his flags that we can take off in safety. Much like our trafHc cop, Seventy-nine 5 1 'C'Y3V?.L'e.. ,..--a..a.'1 .. ,,. 'fX W QUIZ ' V? 'Ji ' - 421.s2 K-, -'e ?.-,s..- . i x..f'..'ff ',fa.? 'Y-e--. QE 5'QX2 5a A ,652-,Stl .3g. 'W2,fges.g. 2.'i..,i,,a-'ite X., wsqksgfye I There's the signal. We're gaining speed, and just look at the terrain sweep b Y We have taken off. Smooth ridin , isn't it? Y E Down below you see the hard-surface, six-point runway system, the hangars dwindling into liliputian structures. That building between the hangars is the United States Weather Bureau, which is in constant operation supplying pilots with extensive meterology and weather reports. At the south end of the field, we see the Army hangars and at the north end of the field, we see the United States Naval Reserve Aviation Base and the Curtiss-Wright Airplane Manufacturing Company. Did you know that the Municipal Airport has a romantic historical past? Why, back in the late teens the airport was nothing but a muddy field of about l60 acres. ln l92'S this field was the scene of the International Air Races and the Pulitzer Trophy Race, at which time 243 miles per hour created a sensation as a worlds speed record. The field for this purpose was tempo- rarily enlarged to about 500 acres, with a four-point landing area of 5000 feet in each direction. The grading, hangars, and technical requirements and operation incident to an event of this kind involved a cost of flS3l5,000, which in those pioneer days, set a record. We are over the city now, and perhaps you can recognize some familiar landmarks. As l was saying, this event was organized, financed, and operated by the St. Louis Aeronautical Corporation, a civic organization under the able direc- tion of W. Frank Carter, Carl F. G. Meyer, Col. A. Perkins, and other St, Louisans. The field was subsequently reduced to its original size, but there remained certain physical features to insure potential development and to enlarge the held again. ln 1925 the Air Mail to and from Chicago was inaugurated under a contract with Major Wm. B. Robertson, of the Robertson Aircraft Company and since that time Air Mail has increased to all points in the United States. About this time the thirty-Hfth Division Air Unit, National Guard of Missouri, was organized and established on the field. Colonel Chas. A. Lind- bergh, the lone eagle of St. Louis, was an air mail pilot and an oflicer in this air unit for nearly two years prior to his Paris flight. Do you see the new Courthouse and Bell Telephone Building, and do you see the rising structures of Greater St. Louis? See those street lights blink? Interesting, isn't it? Oh yes, the history! In keeping with its recognized and established prestige, St. Louis, in l928. through the initiative of the Air Board of the Chamber of Commerce and strongly backed by Mayor Victor J. Miller and the City Administration, over- whelmingly passed a two-million dollar airport bond issue and without loss Iflitlhllf ff . c V - - ,a a -,. f'?X 7,5 -ara , V Lkkrk . .um , ,V .rs--ia,a.',, .i . L' if ,J , 357- of time acquired the original Held and additional land to total 546 acres. With such a backing, the Lambert-St. Louis Municipal Airport was the first major airport in the United States to complete its technical facilities for an A. I. A. rating. This included a hard-surface, six-point runway system and the instal- lation of a radio station and also a radio range station, operated by the Depart- ment of Commerce. The United States Weather Bureau has a complete weather and meteorological station on the Held, which l have already shown you. There is also a branch air mail post office maintained by the U. S. P. O. Department. This Held was dedicated the Lambert-St. Louis Municipal Airport by Rear Admiral Richard C. Byrd, on July l2, 1930. lt was so named in honor of Major Albert Bond Lambert, formerly in the United States Air Service, who created and maintained the Held for public beneHt at his own expense, from l92O to 1928, and whose forethought and actions enabled the city to take it over. A further consideration was a local appreciation of Major Lambert's activities from 1907, in unselHsh devotion to the cause of aviation and St. Louis prestige. There, that is all to the air history of St. Louis, Just see those red lights blinking on and off, one to the north, and the other to the west, Those are the guide lights for night Hying to Chicago and Kansas City, respectively. We are coming in to land now. See those landing lights? There you are. Great, isn't it. Sir? What do I think about the Akron crash several weeks ago? Wellfswishl a blast of air struck us from a huge plane starting for Chicago. We turned to see the plane leave the ground much like a prehistoric pterodactyl leaving for a new world. There was the answer as we stood watching in silent admiration of man's attempt for supremacy of the air. ln silent, solemn stillness we do homage to those who died in conquering the air: to those who died in the Akron. And as the fleeing form of the airplane became a dot, it also became the personiHcation and purpose of man's aerial ambition-wings, SI. l,OL1liSlS New Airpnrl Eighty-one SOME OLD ESTABLISHED ST. LOUIS FIRMS Name St. Louis University .,..,,.....,.....,,......,.........,..,... Jaccards ,. .... .... 4..,........, ,.,,. . . . J. C. Sickles Company ..........,,...,.....,.,,............. Merchants Exchange of St. Louis ...... ....,.,.....,... Bridge U Beach Manufacturing Company .........,,. Citizens Insurance Company ....4,,........,....,....,.... Laclede Gas Light Company .................,.. ,... .... Vtlabash Railway Company... Boeckeler Lumber Company. .. Plant Iflour Mills Company .. .. ,.......,.., Joseph Lathrop T5 Co... . ,.... .. .,,,.,,, l.uedinghaus-Espenschied Wagon Company .,...... Shapleigh Hardware Company ..,.,.. .,.,,........,.... Laclede-Christy Clay Products Company . J. S. Merrell Drug Company ,......,...,,... .... Plant Seed Company ,.,,... ...... ........ . Specks Confectionery ..., .. Mercantile Library Association ..,... Boatmens National Bank .....,............ 17. B. Chamberlain Company... ,,....., . Charter Oak Stove iff Range Company ...,,. Chase Bag Company.. . .... ....,........., . .. Wm. Schotten Coffee Company ..... J. Bolland Jewelry Company... . Oildehaus-Wulling Company . Mobile 8 Ohio Railroad ..,........ Papin U Tontrup ,.... .... ...... Speck Confectionery . . ..... St. Louis Rooling Company ..,.. .. lfamous '26 Barr Company ..... .. . .... Jacob Prank Mercantile Company .... ..,,,.. . Phillip Ciruner iff Bros. Lumber Company ......... Guerdan Hat Company ......,...........,.....,............. Missouri Pacific Lines .. ..... ...,...................... . . National Bearing Metals Corp. tMore-Jonesj ,... Northwestern Trust Company ..... .. ...... St. l.ouis,San lirancisco Railroad ....................... Saxony Mills . ..... .. ...,.....,...... .. . Witte Hardware Company ..... ...... . , . Leonhard Confectionery .. .. ..,. . St. Louis Rubber Cement Company ...,. . A. E. Schmidt Company lnc .......,..... . Scruggs-Vandervoort-Barney ...... .. . C. Witter ....... ,.......4.......,.... . James M. Carpenter U Co .... . . Cupples Company .. ....... .. . Geo. Kilgen B' Son. lnc. .. .,....... . Beck U Corbitt Company ...,..,. . . . Christian-Peper Tobacco Company ...... . Conrades Manufacturing Company ....... . Globe-Democrat .... .... , . .... ......... . .. . Henze's Old Rock Bakery Company... . liulton lron Works .. .....,,.................,,... .. Meyer Bros. Drug Company ...,. ....... , Morgens Bros. Cleaning U Dyeing Companyiiiiii N. O. Nelson Manufacturing Company ..... Newcomb Bros. Wall Paper Company ...... .. Stupp Bros. Bridge if Iron Company.. American Central Insurance Company ...,. . Jas. H. Forbes Tea if Coffee Company... .. . l.uyties Pharmacal Company. . Schroeter Coal Company ..... .....,.... . . Washington University ...... ..... ......... . Curtis Pneumatic Machinery Company ...... Jos. Lindenschmit Grocer Company .... Marx 8 Haas Clothing Company ........ . Pioneer Cooperage Company .. ..... . Baptiste Tent if Awning Company ....... . Compton ts sans Litho. is Pug. Co ......... . '.'.'.'.' .'.' Greeriebaum Sons Investment Company ........ Maguire's Real listate Agency. .........,....... . I.udlow-Saylor Wire Company ............. . Pauly Jail Building Company ........ ......... . St. Louis Vinegar i5 Cider Company ........ . Simmons Hardware Company ......... ..... . Eighty-two Address 221 N. Grand ......... . 900 Locust ................ 2100 Washington ........ Merchants Ex. Bldg ....... 4204 Union .,............ Pierce Bldg. .....,,... . 1017 Olive .........,...... Railway Ex. Bldg ......... 6901 Easton Avenue .... Merchants Ex. Bldg ....... Rialto Bldg. ,...... ,.... . 1717 N. Broadway ...... 4th U Washington ...... 411 N. 7th .,.. 2 N. 4th ..... .. 230 Biddle ....... 414 Market ....,.. 5 10 Locust .......,..... 300 N. Broadway ...... 1 18 Vine ......... ........ Antelope is' Conduit ...... 920 Spruce ........ . 1043 S. 12th Street ...... 1002 Locust ......... .... 19 S. 2nd .........,.... Fullerton Bldg. 626 Chestnut ..... 414 Market ...... 2310 Randolph .... 6th '43 Olive .....,... 810 Locust ............. 4006 N. Broadway ...... 13 S. Broadway... Mo. Pac. Bldg .... 4 9 3 0 Manchester .......... Date Focmtiud .HHH1818 .HHH1820 . ....... 1835 . ....... 1836 .Hna1837 .HHH1837 .aHH1837 M. ....... 1839 .. ....... 1840 . ....... 1840 .aHH1842 . ....... 1843 .HaH1843 .HHH1844 .HaHl845 UHHH1845 .HHH1845 HHHH1846 .HHH1847 .HHH1847 . ,...... 1847 . ....... 1847 .HHHI847 .HHH1848 .HHH1848 .MMHI848 wHHH1848 .HH.1848 .HHHl848 . ..... 1840 .. .... 1849 .HHMI849 ...H1840 . ...,... 1840 1840 15.00 St. I.ouis Avenueiii... Frisco Bldg. .... ......... . 321 Lombard .............. 706 N. 3rd Street ...... 117 N. 8th ................. 3952 West Pine. . .... .. . ....... 1849 . ....... 1840 .......1849 ....... 1850 1850 1258 N. Ringshighway ..... ....... 1 850 10th Y5 Olive ............... 19 S. Broadway ........ 506 Olive 401 S. 7th . ......... . 4016 N. Union ..... 1230 N. Main. ...... . 727 N. lst Street ...... 1942 N. 2nd ....... 6th 13 Pine . ....... . 417 I.ucas ......... 1250 Delaware .... 217 S. 4th ....,... 3407 Olive . .... . 4300 Duncan .... .. 2717 Olive .. Syndicate Trust Bldg .... 408 Pine ......... ..... . 922 Clark ........... 4200 Laclede 2300 Miami.. ........ .. Skinker f51.inde11 . .. 1905 Kienlen ,........ 4753 McPherson ........ 1300 Washington ...... 2212 DeKalb ......... 612 N. 3rd. .... ...... , .212 I.ocust .. ............. .. Boatmens Bank Bldg... . 120 N. 10th .............. 600 S. Newstead .. 2215 DeKalb ......... 615 N. Main ....... 0th '25 Spruce ....... ........ 1850 . ....... 1850 . ...... 1851 .1851 .. .. .1851 .......l852 1852 1852 ........1852 1852 1852 1852 .......1852 1852 . 1852 . .1852 .. .1853 .. 1853 ....1853 .1853 ........1853 . . 1854 H1854 . 1854 .. 1854 .. ...1855 ........1855 ........ 1855 ........ 1855 .1856 . .1856 ........l856 ......1856 xx- ,ff fm N ,, f Mes 'Ziff f' ,fy -M J, f ..a...a: .:'rr'.:f::':a:g 'ff 'f- 'f ' 'A im ST, LOUIS, A GOLDEN GATEWAY TO A GOLDEN WEST By Carl lV1'Ibrodl. '33 Hutt' dull lil is Io pause, Io make cm emi. To rust L1nburn1sh'd. T701 lo shine in usef 1-ls tho' lo breathe were l1'fe.' Life piled on life lVere ull loo small. -Ten n yson. Ulysses URELY the founder of St. Louis, Pierre Laclede Liguest, was moved by the spirit of Tennyson in his Ulysses. the spirit of progress and achieve- ment, when he left his home at New Orleans and, in the face of dis- appointment and adverse opinion, journeyed up the mighty Father of Waters to a point just below the Missouri, where he braved the cruelty of the western savages and the forces of nature in order to found an ideal, a perfect settlement on the western bank of the Mississippi River in 1764, a settlement which has grown and prospered until it has become one of the country's leading trans- portation centers, its sixth largest manufacturing center, the greatest wholesale distributing center of the Southeast and Southwest, and offers every advantage of metropolitan life. It is our purpose in writing this story to give you a picture of the growth of the industries of St. Louis as if seen through the eyes of one man, Mr. W. J. S. Bryan, who was born into this world just after the birth of Central High School, eighty years ago. But in order to give a finished and more complete picture. we must refer to the beginnings of the various industries as they are discussed. INTRODUCTION In l808, St. Louis had but one baker, Le Clerc, three blacksmiths. one schoolmaster, two merchants. and one butcher fwho did not kill until the beef was spoken for in advanceil. Compare this picture of industrial St. Louis with that which Mr. Bryan sees today, with its 3287 factories, representing two hundred and seventy-one industries, eighty-two percent of all the classifications of business in the United States. The products manufactured in our city could not be purchased for less than Sl,54l,950,000. St. Louis leads the world today in the manufacture of drugs. macaroni. bricks, street cars, tobacco, lightning rods, shoes. terra cotta, stoves and ranges. and ice-cream cones. It is the largest market for raw fur. horses, mules, sugar-mill machinery, woodenware, hardware, hardwood and pine. and boots and shoes in the world. St. Louis produces more cotton and duck, flue cleaners, crushers and pulverizers, and hydrogen peroxide than any other city in the United States. CThis applies to normal years of prosperityl Eighly -four H Tall' J -,.FL,,a4. '. '..7, W, X THE FUR INDUSTRY The cornerstone for this great commercial and industrial city was laid when Pierre Laclede received a charter granting exclusive trading with the Indians of Missouri-for a period of eight years, enabling him to found a valuable fur trade. In the very early days, land was purchased with furs and skins. Some of the traders became wealthy and one company had more than four hundred men in its service. The fur companies are still in that section of St. Louis, ,KAN near the river, which a hundred 1 XX f7.:a,' 4 fi 3- -'-, years ago was Old St. Louis, and Q, -f'-.gpg -' ,E-wi . . a tm 43Ql.5.L.afe'iffeiigl a trip to one of them is most . ., interesting. It is claimed that ninety per cent of the world's If 1f 2WV' ?1'AfR?? ' f '7 wwf 1 k' d d .gym -sa fb, U5,g,gff ,, raw sea s ins are prepare an - ,M - A L-gp--'J-' ',..d,.- - ff, A ,mg fp s . . . .pf fu Sold from St. Louis. It 1S 1n- ar, - L,n,,,..-ggeaaiafe er . am, - N- , 5 g jfgffcf p 'L l l 'l'lllielx 't teresting to know that Mr. Ball, Z . v- 4 H, 4A-a-.En ef -fr-w fi g- ' I g f'gl'5gi7:i.'a3m5.',,,Ew:- ' the government s seal inspector, V- 3E'S'TTT1r'3 'f ii57lTi?? .'.1Ii?f7.fi,'3'TQli,,,.cL has his headquarters in our city Keel Boat with C0Vfde11e,sai1,.rma Poles for the sake of seeing that the .la Laid by Izumi! Mlssuurlum government seals are properly prepared for market by the Foulke Fur Company. ST. LOUIS, A DISTRIBUTIVE CENTER But although one might have expected St. Louis to depend upon the fur industry for its existence, its business men realized very early its great advantages as a distributive center. Located as it is at a strategic point .for water and rail transportation, it has ever been the city's policy to encourage a wide variety of businesses, thus securing for itself a steady, consistent financial growth. In the early days, the supremacy of the settlement, town, and city depended upon distributive commerce, and St. Louis, acting upon this principle, became an important distributing center. Fortunes were made and the city grew rich and powerful through the bringing in of all kinds of manufactured products and their distribution to other great and growing sections of the country. But the permanence of St. Louis's prosperity, the enduring growth of trafhc came with a new character. As productive commerce became more and more important, St. Louis was built for the coming generations. ST. LOUIS'S TOBACCO INDUSTRY Probably the Hrst productive enterprise in the city was the manufacture of tobacco. The early French inhabitants of St. Louis raised tobacco in their common fields. In l8l7, the first tobacco factory was built in St. Louis near the present site of the downtown post office. Twenty years later the newspapers Eighly-Hue .f ' .-e::.'w W -uf -f4' ' - -H -W mv Q I :ff -LNA- 5 uri. 1 , W ,532 .law 1 E35 lla .HRM ,Lg -..f -QC . J f 'Q '- - V 1 XYXNRNQ' were speaking of tobacco as 'lanother item of our swelling trade. In I847, the largest tobacco factory in the West was located in our city. At the begin- ning of the twentieth century, St. Louis gained the position that she has held for many years, the place where more tomacco is manufagtured than any other place in the world. ST. LOUIS'S MINES Much wealth has been brought into our city by its variety of mining interests. but since this topic has been discussed in the Science section we shall not go AQANN- -Q Views of St. Louis from Suulh of f'huuI4'uu's Luke. 1340 into detail here except to say that the clay industry is one of the most important of our city's mining interests. Prom underneath the ground near Forest Park Highlands a vast amount of clay is taken, which is used for the manufacture of pipe and tile, The discovery of fire clay in St. Louis is said to have been accidental. In 1857 a well was dug on a farm near Morganford Road and Gravois Avenue and the white clay was discovered. St. Louis's fire clay is known for its durability at high temperature, which has made it unsurpassed for fire brick and other heat-resisting products. Our city claims to manufacture thirty-five percent of the tile made in the United States. ST. LOUIS'S STOVE INDUSTRY The first stove foundry was established in St. Louis in 18-ll in the levee district. Since it was easy to transport raw materials. such as coal and iron, Eighty-six E - A I Q f .W,.,.r.Q M Y other foundries started on the levee, developing into a thriving business. St. Louis now turns out products in this field to the value of more than 515,000,000 ST. LOUIS'S SHOE AND BOOT INDUSTRY The shoe industry was not at all prominent in Old St. Louis. It was not dreamed of that the New England States would be rivaled by the West, in the making of boots and shoes. The capital invested in the one hundred and eighty shops, in 1880, was S700,000. In 1870, the Browns, the I-Iamiltons, the Desnoyers, and a little group of other business men demonstrated the advantages St. Louis offered in the manu- facture of shoes. Today St. Louis is the king of the shoe manufacturing cities of the world, having twenty-nine establishments and employing over ten thousand workers. ST. LOUIS'S WOODENWARE AND WILLOW WARE INDUSTRIES The woodenware and willow-ware industries were among the early business triumphs of St. Louis. Before 1840, they were carried on under the same roofs as hardware. Two years before the founding of Central, 1851, Samuel Cupples opened a shop on Locust Street near the levee. Just twenty years later St. Louis ruled the world in this trade. Prices for every other city on the continent were fixed here. One St. Louis firm sells more annually than any other four houses in the same line in the world combined. Within eighty-two years St. Louis has grown beyond competition in this line, having the largest factory of this character in the world, the Cupples Company. The products are sent to every part of America, to Cuba, to South America, and to Australia. The Simmons Hardware Company was the first merchandising corporation in the city. Augustus Ci. Shapleigh is also famous in the hardware business. Another, only less well-known man, is Adolphus Meier. One afternoon his store burned, by evening he saw the roof cave in, and by eight o'clock he was making plans for a new store and letting out contracts for the brick work and lumber. Such has been the spirit of the builders of industry in our city. ST. LOUIS'S ELOUR AND GRAIN INDUSTRIES In its early years St. Louis could not produce enough flour to supply its inhabitants with bread. To remedy this serious trouble, Laclede built two small mills on what later became known as Chouteau's Pond and Mill Creek. How- ever, not until 1827 did St. Louis see its first flour mill equipped with improved machinery and steam power. But by 1850 there were twenty-two mills grinding twelve thousand bushels of wheat into two thousand eight hundred barrels of flour daily. Before 1880 St, Louis had become the first city of the country in the manufacture of flour. Our city now produces, each year, flour and grain valued at eleven million dollars. Eighty-seven ,-,.-.e.,, .-, WNW. ' W' 'WW Q TL .::'..n:z::1:.W 11 r .E 11,. as. It , 7 1 .,-,v wffvmzf The growing grain market at St. Louis necessitated the building of grain elevators in which to store the grains. The first of these was built at the foot of Biddle Street, in 1865. Today our grain elevators have a capacity of twelve million bushels. ST. LOUIS'S BAKING INDUSTRY At the time St. Louis became a part of the United States there was. as has been stated before. but one bakery in our city. However, by 1881 there were two hundred and lifteen bakeries in St. Louis. By the twentieth century there were three hundred and fifty-four bakeries with goods valued at 86,890,000 making St. Louis known as the largest cracker and bread center in the country. ST. LOUIS'S GROCERY INDUSTRY The lirst grocery store in St. Louis was that of J, F. Laveille, which opened in 1812. The Hrst large grocery was begun twenty-six years later by Greeley and Gale. By 1858 St. Louis had Hfty-six wholesale grocery con- cerns with sales amounting to well over twenty-two and one-half million dollars. Our city has at present 156 wholesale groceries and 2.027 retail stores carrying a combina- tion of meats and groceries. ST. LOUIS'S DRY GOODS INDUSTRY Among the earliest retail dry-goods stores to be opened in St. Louis were the Famous- Barr Company. founded in 1849 and Scruggs, Vandervoort and Barney in 1850. Joseph Cfhurless lux! l.tlilt.r ul Ihr' .llmstiuli Rupulvlittm ST. LOUIS'S FURNITURE INDUSTRY When the English first settled along the Atlantic coast, they brought all their furniture along with them from Europe. When the colonists moved west. they took this furniture with them. But in 1810 there could be found furni- ture that was not manufactured in Europe: for. in that year, the first furniture factory opened in St. Louis. One hundred years later, our city was exporting furniture to Europe, and today we have sixty-two furniture establishments employing two and one-half thousand persons. ST. LOUIS'S SUGAR AND COOPERAGE INDUSTRIES Just before the founding of Central High School. sugar refining was an important industry. In fact so much sugar was refined that it was found Eitlhly-efghi f k5f.sas.aal 5 L ia m 5? if 5 , , . , ...7 . , X, ' '7 7 'f YKYHt ii' -1 ' ,. 1--, - , ' 1 'Y'-P ' ' 1 i t 1 : - fEq '?rT 'T S Q ST. ,.,. Z'3.'.1.'fW..,...,1bs,s . m a necessary to build a factory to make barrels in which to ship the sugar and syrup, and even then the coopers, working ten hours a day, could not keep up with the demand for barrels and other pieces of cooperage. Today, St. Louis's coopers manufacture products valued at three million dollars. ST. LOUISS NEWSPAPER INDUSTRY Before l808 there were no newspapers. People learned the news from passers-by. The Missouri Gazette was the first newspaper in the west. In I8-48 a Sunday paper was issued for the Hrst time. As St. Louis grew, more newspapers came here. In 1854, there were twenty-one different newspapers and twelve magazines in our city. By this time the Missouri Gazette had changed its name to the Missouri Republic. The Missouri Democrat. supported strongly by T. I-I. Benton, became an influence in Missouri. This paper was later sold to one of its editors. The two other editors started the Globe. In 1875 the Democrat was sold to the Globe and the paper became known as the Globe-Democrat. The Post-Dispatch was known by these names: Evening Gazette, Evening Mirror. New Era. and The Intelligencer, which consolidated with the Evening News. The Evening News was absorbed by the Dispatch, and, in I878, became known as the Post-Dispatch. The St. Louis Times had its beginning in a German paper. Several years ago, this concern was bought by the St. Louis Star. The papers of our city reach many readers. Many of our papers are sent out of St. Louis. ST. LOUIS'S BREWING INDUSTRY In l8l0 there were built three small breweries in St. Louis. During the years following, the number of breweries and their outputs increased, until in 1850 there were fifty-two breweries. From that time. however, the number has decreased considerably. The oldest and largest of these breweries in St. Louis is the Anheuser-Busch Brewery which is known the world around. Before prohibition, St. Louis supplied brews to all parts of the United States, Canada, South America, Europe, Asia, Africa, and even the islands of Australia. With the passage of the 3.201y beer bill, this industry will soon be flourishing as in former years. St. Louis also pays attention to civic advancement. It is now in the midst of an eighty-seven million dollar building and improvement program, the money being spent for the development of a new civic center, a Union Station plaza, and other improvements. In pioneer days St. Louis was a great gateway city. Through it passed the Lewis and Clark expedition. From it began the famous Oregon and Santa Ee trails. Today St. Louis continues to be a great gateway city. It is Eighrgfnine f A A-W ,, ....f .t,wr.:.e,,r': at . ' ', C Z Yzlixlifrriwpi 671124 finals' . - . Kewl IEEE Q.ta.. 7T3E'v 77 ' ., ' HL: 3 i 'mat Elff tfgi? the c0untry's second largest rail center, with nineteen trunk railroads operating twenty-nine lines, emanating from it. It is the center of the great Mississippi waterways system and growing barge service. It is a great airmail and passenger center, with trunk lines radiating from it to every part of the country. It is the center of a comprehensive network of highways reaching to every portion of the continent. Yet, despite the eminent position that St. Louis has already reached, indus- trially, because of its advantages, its strategic position on the Mississippi at the junction of the Missouri in the center of the Mississippi basin, wherein reside Hfty-four per cent of the total population of the United States, wherein are produced seventy per cent of the agricultural products, sixty-four per cent of the exportable products, and fifty-two per cent of the manufactured products of the nation, St. Louis is not content to remain static. Such conservative forces as the Chamber of Commerce, General Council of Civic Needs, Industrial Club, etc., are striving to bring about greater civic and business progress. for they realize that St. Louis has potentialities and advantages which have not yet been fully developed, and that when they are. this city will be an even greater metropolis than it is today. Morgens Cleaning and Dyeing Company was established in 1852, by G. A, Morgens. shortly afterwards taking into partnership with him. his brother. VJm. B. Morgens. G. A. Morgens died in 1877. on the night of the Southern Hotel Iire, and XVm. B, Morgens died in 188-I-. The latter is the father of the present owners. During the entire eighty odd years of activity, this Hrm has occupied but four locations. The Iirst, No. 4 South Fourth Street, was later replaced by the present GRANITE BUILDING. across from the old Court House. The second. 20-l South Tenth Street, was destroyed in 1882 by a conflagration. which burned the entire block from Ninth to Tenth, and Walnut to Clark. The third location. 1318 Pine Street, was occupied until 1905. and is now part of the MUNICIPAL PLAZA, The fourth and present home of the firm is 3-l-07-00-11 Olive Street, and is a live-story fire-proof building, erected in 1905 by A. L. and W. H. Morgens. the present owners. This building is one of the first concrete fire-proof factory buildings erected in St. Louis. Morgens Brothers Cleaning and Dyeing Company always had the reputation of being one of the best hrms of its kind in St. Louis. and is nationally known among the larger cleaners for this reputation. It has been their aim during their entire career, to give the best quality and workmanship that is available. nnos. c. .co. GARMENT CIEANSER5. 80 Years of Satisfying Service to St. Louisans Ninety WWW M NRM 7 :wig-t sf i...,.i:-.ff is st frnf-uw-, XT ,Y .f.,a,Z..H 5 ' Jaccatd's and Central High School are Both St. Louis Institutions . Early in the year 1829, there came to St. Louis from Switzerland, a watchmaker by the name of Louis Jaccard, who opened a little shop on the west side of Main Street, between Pine and Chestnut- nothing more nor less than a little watchmakefs shop selling princi- pally goods of Swiss manufacture. Such was the beginning of a business whose history has been closely identified with that of the City of St. Louis. ln 1849, Jaccard's, together with practically all the business portion of St. Louis, was destroyed in the l'Great Fire after which they established themselves on the east side of Fourth Street. between Pine and Chestnut. In 1865, Jaccard's moved to the northwest corner of Fourth and Locust streets in what was then one of the most beautiful buildings in the city, namely, Odd Fellows' 1-lall. ln 1887, St. Louis's leading jewelry house, Jaccard's, moved to Broadway and Locust, and remodeled the building to be what was then the largest and most handsome jewelry house in America. The lower floors were used for salesrooms, the upper for their manufac- turing and repair shops. This building was destroyed by fire Sunday morning, December 19, 1897, and on Monday, December 20, without the loss of a single business day, they were moved to temporary quarters directly across the street, until a beautiful new building was built in the old location. 1917 found Jaccard's on Locust at Ninth Street, where, as the prestige jewelry house of St. Louis, it has continued, to this day, to meet the discriminating tastes of its exclusive clientele with jewelry, silverware, watches, diamonds, and costume accessories of all kinds. Jaccard's own factory, operated on the premises for more than 80 years, is equipped with the most modern appliances to supply jewelry, silverware, class pins and rings, as well as diplomas, gradua- tion announcements, and trophies made to your order. JACCARD'S Mermod, Jaccard 55 King Ninth and Locust Ninety one r A SCI? '1'? 'Y'X, 3 qglfwfgl' y faameg YE': ',..' 1'TT 'I TZ Z ZiL., fI'S? 1312323 ecmrrrzm Q ...fat T'i..aa 'Ti gris .sijlffv N A . IT V ' lil: ' I I ' . . i 1 'I KSA . .Z h W 'fb - gf -'ix lg! W nv'v Yx 'wtv X f it Ny.. N -A . E' f 'D V A cliff W' 1 V, - Lzlgiy - 'lf 'xiii - I .x - ,R MESA -Li if U X .sv iq-,riiimvf-.1 .A The Spirit of Saint Louis is the Spirit of Saint Louis University St. Louis University 1818 Oldest Tfriiuersilty West' of the 1933 , Mzsszsszppz Rzuer SCHOOLS OF THE UNIVERSITY Amis AND Sc3IENctEs DEN'I'Is'rRY SOCIOLOGY DIvINI'I'I' GRADUATE NURSING EDUc3A'I'IoN MEDICINE LAW CQAIAIIQRGE AND FINANCE PHILosoPHi' AND SCIENCE Late Afternoon and Saturday Morning Classes in the School of Education and Graduate School Evening Courses in the School of Sociology and the School of Commerce and Finance Schools of Dentistry, Law and Medicine Have Class A Standing College of Arts and Sciences Offers Pre-Professional Training and Confers A. B., B. S., and Ph. B. Degrees COURSES DURING THIS DAY IN ALI. SCHOOLS LEADING TO DEGREES For Informalion Address THE REGISTRAR 221 North Cvrand Blvd. St. Louis Phone, JEfferson 8080 VERY RIZVIEREND Rom. S. JOHNSTON. S. J., A. M.. S. T. D .... President JvIiI7t'Ill- 1 Leo ,1L.h, 6' Dlx v -S'fif, fr- 1 31155 ..,-e- K i- , l -WSJ, , , .SS 'v,, Q HES -.-x-x 'rf -1 ,K 'NTIS f T .-'?5 VJd A .ia.L ,L.. gl, LINDEN W OOD COLLEGE Founded 1827 ST. CHARLES, MO. The program at Lindenwood is entirely for young women, offering courses in Liberal Arts and Science, Fine Arts and Vocational work. For catalog and beautiful book of views apply JOHN L. ROEMER, President Box RB33 Sr, Charles, Mo. NORTH ST. LOUIS TRUST COMPANY is now located in their new home at GRAND BLVD. AND WEST ELORISSANT Where their enlarged facilities are at your service HIGH SCHOOL PINS HIGH SCHOOL RINGS GRAMMAR SCHOOL PINS GRAMMAR SCHOOL RINGS COLLEGE PINS FRATERNITI' PINS FRATERNITY KEYS FRATERNITY CRESTS SORORITY PINS SORORITY CRESTS PLEDGE PINS SCHOLARSHIP PINS SCHOLARSHIP lVlEDALS SPORT MEDALS HOSPITAL PINS CLUB PINS CAMP PINS POOTBALI. CHARMS BASKI-,TBAI.I, CHARMS BASEBALL CI-IARAIS BOWLING CHARMS TIIOPHIIIS FAVORS Ilflunufactured in GOLD. . . SILVER. . . BRONZE . . . BRASS BY THE STANOE COMPANY A St. Louis Institution 4377 DUNCAN AVIS. Nlay we submit samples and prices? Ninelu - three ', -W ,42-is '.s.ff.-M.-W. - '-sf'- M fs W 4-M--pg 5 ' 5- l866 67TH YEAR l933 A Distinctive Business and Secretarial Training GREGG SHORTHAND ACCOUNTING STENOTYPY fthe Machine Wayj MACHINE BOOKKEEPING SECRETARIAL CALCULATOR EDIPHONE FILING Downtown Employment Service--Paul Brown Building FOUR CGNVENIENT LOCATIONS Visit nearest school or call CEntral 2293 for information Downtown School enrolls for regular courses in day school only high school graduates Day and Evening Enroll any Monday Brown's Business and Secretarial Schools NORTH SIDE scHooL DowNTowN scHooL 3522 Hebert 818 Olive SUMMER SCHOOL ln addition to the regular Secretarial and Accounting Courses, Rubicam offers the following Summer Courses to High School Graduates and College Students: PREICOLLEGE ln Shorthand and Typewriting-Morning COURSE Classes-Term I0 weeks. SECRETARIAL To those having had a commercial training Rubicam offers a Secretarial Review Course for Commercial use. fRuhicam and Gregg Shorthand Systems taught., To The Rulaicam offers a special course in any three of the following subjects-Shorthand, Type- writing, English, Spelling, Penmanship, Arithmetic. Summer rates for all courses. Telephone or 3 call at the School for further information. Rubicam Business School 3469-75 S. Grand Boulevard 493l-33 Delmar Boulevard l..Aclede 0440 Forest 3900 .xlIil7L'ftl'fUL1f f Vf -- Us:n 'K '4 rf-A 'has ,ua 'x ' ' isis' E T 'ii' L,Ii1'?l.. 5 We i Bmsggfimwfr. , EB Washington University School of Nursing OFFERS TWO COURSES IN NURSING A FIVE YEAR COURSE leading to a diploma and Bachelor of Science Degree in Nursing, which consists of two years in the College of Liberal Arts or in any other accredited college, two years in Barnes Hospital, St. Louis Childrens Hospital, St, Louis Maternity Hospital, and Washington University Dispensary. The fifth year may include courses in teaching, supervision, or public health nursing. A THREE YEAR COURSE leading to a diploma in Nursing. which includes nursing practice in the hospitals named above. For information apply lo the DIRECTOR OF THE SCHOOL OF NURSING 416 South Kingshighway Saint Louis, Missouri The St. Louis College of Pharmacy PARKVIEW AND EUCLID AVENUE A school for the professional education of the pharmacist. A four-years' course, leading to the degree of Bachelor of Science. Prerequisite, graduation from an accredited high school. Open to men and Women. The l933 session begins Monday, Oct. 2, 1933. For catalog and other information address DR. CHARLES E. CASPARI, Dean Ninety-five M W. EILL1 :init K ' 1' TQ . ring ' E'E Ef12'3 L EE BREHM 84 CCDRKINS COLLEGE JEWELERS 720 CLIVE STREET The Jewish Hospital School of Nursing lfS'l'1Kl'ml,lSHl5lD THREE YEAR ACCREDITED COURSE ADMISSION Rl3fQUlRliiVllflXl'l-'SZ High School Graduation. ranking in the Lipper third of the class and presenting at least l5 credits. Chemistry required. Health Cerlilicate by a physician, References as to character and personal Htness must he presented. Age 18 to 35 yenrs. RELIGION: Non-sectarian, lfDUCA'lilON1Xl. l3ACll.l'llllfS: Splentlidly equipped class rooms. including Demonstration Room. Chemistry Laboratory, Lecture Hall. Dietetics Laboratory. Nurses graduating from the Jewish Hospital are eligible for registration in the State and reciprocity in other states, and membership in all state and national nursing organiyntions. XVQ will be glad lo haue you uzszt us Nine! tx -sift f L f, imma..4gr:1gs.:gr-,WiQ55 iM-,.' mw: 'I ' .. U' N at - r , uw- wwf- w e I L .k.. f -. .4 fir-sw Q -'k.ff.g...:..,.5:g.,..,, 5 ,, L f ' 'Wil 'Ifl'l:'fY21 ' T .. f f ?RXWU3 ' fm vqk- wfml iu4.7Q3I.:',,?!'fif 7 i'Q,IQ ':L':'m7: ' cl ,537 ww . . . ,-, V 'W' A . ..A. , ri. -1 4- A 'WW' fi? J' TQ 'H K at fs K 'F nfl' C ON GRA TULA TIONS to the Staff of RED A ND BLACK EPARATION and production of your 1933 RED AND BLACK consti- tutes a notable achievement of which you may Well be proud. Becktold Company is gratified at having de- signed and fabricated the cover for such a fine yearbook. Vvfe are also proud of the fact that so many schools turn to Becktold for the yearbook covers, again and again. We regard this as evident appreciation of the beauty and durability of our product, as Well as our success in em- bodying the school spirit and yearbook theme, in cover design. BECKTOLD CGMPANY ZOO-212 PINE STREET ST. LOUIS, MO. Ninely-5 7 W My ?mMm,.' ,1S QS 'f'Tf 'TT1 Wwfx S. :MQ b1L.' , ,M ,,,- Y..-1.7 .hs .si , if Nl Q Till : 'f . ' ' HT. -7 7 ' iff L, W rg -Ly 7 915? ,V .L G-S-':'i?i'7i Tl-IE MURILLCD STLJDIQS G Q,iQ ISH to tlianlc tlie Senior Classes ol January and June 1933 lor selecting tlwem as ollieial pliotograplwer. TOO5 LQCUST STREET SPEQAL PRICES TO STUDENTS bf mafeaawziaaf .mggam-fm-flsa....issfwgQs ' ..---....' Hi:. 'v:':i: , Z'ffIT'fi.'Iff,' ' fztfx W. M P 'f,Y v,::f r :f':1::, 6 is e Ewa- M EE ft Q YOU ARE ALWAYS WELCOME AND WILL BE COU RTEOUSLY TREATED AT O Specialists in School Band and Orchestra Instruments H57 Years of Consc1'enI1'ous Service CEntral 4120 EASY TERMS 709 Pine St. If It's the Best . , . It's Fausfs FISH . . . OYSTERS . . . SEAEOODS . . . CHEESE F AUST'S FULTON MARKET COMPANY 922-24 N. Broadway St. Louis, Mo. JIG-SAW PUZZLES By Raymond Robinson, '35 What is this thing? This jig-saw craze And though you work, just two or three, That keeps us slaving hours and days A jigsaw fiend you Soon xvill be: To ind a little crook or bend Wlmich will not fit, though hours we spend? You'll get down on your hands and knees To piece together cows and trees. The coumrys Wild, Us going mad? So heed my warning, friends? Bewaref And all due to the new-born fad That has the pcople' young and Old' You'll pull your hair and act insane: This jig-saw craze is everywhere: Entangled in its fatal hold. For jig-saw puzzles kill the brain. UNLET A ZVSUSIC CO. 5l4-'SIG LOCUST ST. MOST COMPLETE Music Housr: IN ST 1. U Ninely - mm' .w....: f I Vmwmg,-,mmwmmssi M A..-.,M.e,.,+gg,T1ft:f M, 5 Q f EX Q 'L'l ? 'IT'T' I' 'V '. ' ' ff . H -.. f., -V-Y-. .1--fs, , ff Q . - ' 1. , ':1. K3i...f- i,'1i1 :re:.'t...M' we I it fl ,X One Hundred xm, J 4 THE LITTLE INDIANS RIDE By Josephine Tamalis. '55 Clirhety-rlarlz. rlielaety-clark! Out on my pony. and now that I'm back. I'll tell you the things that I saw on the road: A prairie-dog town and a little horned toad: A lizard asleep on a rock in the sun: He jumped as we passed him. and how he did run. A herd of wild deer that fled by swift as light: A coyote gray that was soon out of sight. W'hen taking a trail down a sheer canon wall. XVe had to go slowly for fear of a fall. And fur down below we could see the bright glean Of Malo-watoba, the swift little stream. And high up the cliff, hardly seen from below. An eagle had built where no hunter could go. If you'd talze the trip. with my father to guide. With my eyes to see things, my pony to ride. I know what you'd say-that cities could go: You'd live as an Indian. whether or no.' Cliekety-rlaclz, clirlzety-clarlzl Out on my pony and all the way back. Thats what I saw by the side of the road. And all in the sunlight that sparlzled and glowed. LOVE MET ME HALF WAY By Larry Wet'r,. '34 Love met me half way: But. being shy. I didn'1 go the rest XVhen loue came half way. And he. not having time to stay, Seeing I failed the loUer's test. Left a ranlzling dart in my breast After meeting me half way. v SEQRES ,sm 'Q f 5 wsu. fn ww- H it! Q51-3 ,,-Q 3 my ,, 5? .ff . . ,V wuwwvf' C, vi 17l.'flIwHV .. -we. E, THE POET-PAINTER OF THE NHSSISSIPPI By Leota Meier. '34 REDERICK OAKES SYLVESTER, a for- mer art teacher in Central and sponsor of the Art Club, was first inspired by the theme. The Great River, while he was engaged in teaching at Sophie Newcomb College and Tulane University in New Orleans. Naturally, while there, he became acquainted with the commercial aspect of the 'Father of Waters. When be came to St. Louis he was so charmed with the beauty of the scenery above Alton that he built his summer home at Elsah, where he painted his most beautiful canvases. Nlany of his pictures are reproduced in his book of poems, The Great River. limited to one hundred copies, each book bound in genuine leather, containing as a frontis- piece an original watercolor, and bearing on the cover an imprint of the title and Mr, Sylvester's name in gold. Cnc of these one hundred beautiful books may be seen at the public library. One of Mr. Sylvester's murals, As the Sowing, The Reapingf' occupies one whole end of the dado of the library room in the Decatur High School. It is twenty-three feet long by nine feet high. Three of his paintings, The Great River, Illinois Hills, and Bluffs at Elsah are in the first floor corridor of our present building and Central has in storage By the Mighty Mississippi, the large mural that used to decorate the back of the stage at l'Old Central. One Hundred and Two 'i GW Q-. C E 2 Q -sz vi ny Ike in lhe ouldoor L G 1.-ur gc iw udc V77 kclch W'ulcr-culur s -in E Q A EEQEZA EQ ,- DEVELOPMENT OF ART AND ARCHITECTURE IN ST. LOUIS By Esther Cresswell. '35 CITY'S continual struggle to lift itself above ordinary, every-day surroundings, and reach the finer, more beautiful things ' of life, despite hardships and disaster, has been carefully depicted in the following pages on the development of St. Louis art from 1764 to the . present day. It is sincerely hoped that this infor- 1 mation will unfold, to our schoolmates and to our 3 parents alike, a picture of the St, Louis of the past, the present, and possibly of the future, and discover for them new places of interest in our magnifi- cent city. The purpose of this article is to present a very brief survey of the art and architecture of St. Louis from its earliest days down to the magnificent city of the future, which some of us may live to see. The Hrst works of art seen in St. Louis were probably the monstrance and the chalice which the priests brought for the celebration of the mass. After awhile, pictures and embroideries, also, adorned the churches. It had been difficult to bring these objects to St. Louis, as it was a conf tinuous struggle to get the clumsy boats upstream from New Orleans, Bands of pirates frequently hid in secret places on the banks of the Mississippi, waiting to attack boats coming up the river. Then, too, Indians were numerous and often surprised and plundered the boats. In spite of these handicaps, more and more beautiful objects came from Europe. A quotation from 4'Paxton's Directory of 1821 reads thus: It is truly a delightful sight to an American of taste, to find in one of the remotest towns in the Union, a church decorated with original paintings of Rubens, Raphael. Ciuiclo, Paul Veronese, and a number of others by the first modern masters of the Italian, French, and Flemish schools. The ancient and precious gold embroideries which the St. Louis Cathedral possesses would certainly decorate any museum in the world. All this is due to the liberality of the Catholics of Europe, who presented these rich articles to Bishop DuBourg, on his last tour through France, Italy, Sicily, and the Netherlands. Among the liberal benefactors could be named many princes and princesses, but we shall insert only the names of Louis XVIII, the present king of France, and that of the Baroness Le Candele de Ghyseghern, a Flemish lady, to whose rnunificence One Hundred and Three E- -rf M T- .., i, 3 C Y 'V'.s.MfI'f 1 ...' '. Qi'7.'fi'?lE 'f J- ,ac J . ' ., us... .. 'ssilx-....,....u.u.q..w.m!fIZ'i'3' t cmwxam 'til 'W a' Q Qlf,1'Z34' the Cathedral is particularly indebted, and who, even lately, has sent a fine, large, and elegant organ, fit to correspond with the rest of the decorations. The Cathedral Paxton referred to was replaced in 1834 by the present building, popularly called the Old Cathedral. Its official name is the Church of St. Louis of France. lt is located on Walnut between Second and Third streets, the original site given to the church by Laclede. Although some of its beauty has been marred by restorations, still it is considered one of the most beautiful buildings in St. Louis and is one of the city's treasures. The archi- tecture shows plainly the classic Grecian influence, both inside and out. Three of the large paintings that were originally in the church to which Paxton referred are still to be found in the Old Cathedral. The other works of art were distributed by Bishop DuBourg and his successors to various parishes and institutions. Other fine churches were put up at that time, but most of them have disappeared. One wonders how people living a frontier life as did those of that period had the taste for such line architecture. This is explained by the fact that the founders of the city were French, and the French have always had a Hne feeling for art. And the money was brought in by fur traders,, army oflicers, and settlers who were going west. Here they stopped to get such articles as would be needed for whatever sort of life they were about to enter. Later, the forty- niners also stopped at St. Louis. Then, too, the city was the headquarters for the sale of public lands in Illinois, Missouri, and Arkansas. All this put much money into circulation. lt is hard for us to realize that most of the buildings of that early period, l8l8, were of logs and a few of stone. There were in 1818 not more than five or six brick houses in the city. A few of these early French log cabins are still to be seen in Missouri. Unlike the American cabins, they are built of logs driven perpendicularly into the ground. The houses, for the most part, were small with galleries usually built on the east side in order to afford a view of the river. Stairways were on the outside and stone chimneys in the middle of the house. Floors were of walnut, oak, or pine, and kept highly polished. Furniture was brought from France or made from forest trees. The women beautified their homes during their leisure time by making embroideries and tapestries. The old Chouteau mansion was one of the finest of its time, occupying the square bounded on the north by Market Street, one the east by Main Street, south by Walnut Street, and west by Second Street. The walls of the mansion were two and a half feet thick, of solid stonework, two stories high, and sur- rounded by a large gallery about fourteen feet wide. Some of the houses built in the early 1800's are still in existence, but the fine old homes, which had been in the choicest residential districts, were torn down to make room for warehouses and office buildings. The earlier homes Om' Humlrerl and I-Four I ,A .- A- f - 47, 5 7 -W. flfll' X4 'M Qxzitizifntfsir T-'ff.M5::'t': 'rr5 4 Wi? i ww ' A 2, 553 be , Q ,. a ar. still standing in the county are the residence, on Gravois Road, which was owned by General Grant's father-in-law, and is now called Whitehaven, the Old Convent at Florissant, St. Louis County, now known as Loretto Academy, and the house owned by Samuel Fordyce on the Brown road. A PICTURE OF ST. LOUIS IN 1853 By Blanch Engler, '35 NE can get a fair notion of what the town of 1853, arehitectually speaking, looked like from engravings in old books and from sketches on view at the Missouri Historical Society at the Jefferson Memorial. Locust Street west from Seventh Street is lined with handsome residences and churches. An engraving made in 1855 shows that the town had spread out beyond the city limits at Eighteenth Street. Central High School, at Fifteenth and Olive Streets, which was just being completed, looms up in the distance, The river front has apparently changed but little since then. Remove the bridges and railroad tracks and add steamboats at the levee, two or three rows wide, and it would look much the same as it did to our great-grandfathers. The old French Town, from the levee to Fourth Street, had by 1853 given place to stores and warehouses. The business section had reached Fourth Street on which the only building standing today is the Old Court House. Though now badly in need of repairs, it is still a beautiful structure. It was largely the work of the architects, Robert Mitchell and Wm. Rumbold. An example of the classic revival of 1840, it is of the Doric order in the form of a Cireek cross its real splendor being the dome which surmounts it. The greatest quality of the building is in its dignified simplicity. On the interior of the dome are four frescoes painted in 1862 by Carl Wimar, an early St. Louis artist. On the north is 'ilndians Attacking the Village of St. Louis, 178O, on the east, The Landing of Lacledef' on the south, 'iDeSoto Discovering the Mississippi River and on the west, Westward the Star of Empire Takes Its Way. In the fourth gallery, Wimar also painted four figures representing, respectively, Law, Commerce, Justice, and Liberty. Portraits, by Wimar, of George Washington, Martha Washington, Edward Bates, and Thomas H, Benton decorate the inner dome. People who had the taste to erect such a handsome public building must surely have lived in beautiful homes. In a series of articles published in 1853, in the Missouri Republican, the author tells us: The St. Louisans took great pride in the magnitude of their homes, in their beauty and in all their appliances for comfort and convenience. Everything is designed for simplicity and comfort. There is an absence of mere tinsel work in St. Louis. He also states, There are 1254 brick and stone houses in St. Louis with a total valuation of three million, one hundred One Hundred and Five . .JCM - ' f--wr' i:f:nt3,,.pQZY1l'::'fr :Tx 1:2 f::': , f A--4 J W' wm' .mezf7v'wrr'Lit.f ' 1, .-. Y'-'W 'T' 'T '7'I'7 K' Q' Z' , . . LT - Tv Tir: i ' fH-...a I..-3..1' ' ' ---J' QT .A, thaf71La,2 E5-D...1....a.i.a2fTtX..s v.. an ..-af MWQ. ,, , ,,, and eleven thousand dollars, about the average of three thousand dollars each. All this is done while there are yet standing very many of the ancient log houses and the antique stone buildings with the high pointed roof of the original settlers of the Post of St. Louis. How striking the contrast!-how magical the change! One generaltion has hardly passed away, yet all these things have come to pass. Two houses built by Henry Shaw in 18-10 and 1850 make it easy for us to visualize the wealthy man's residence in 1853, the year Central was founded. His city home originally stood on the southwest corner of Seventh and Locust Streets but was removed in 1891 to Shaw's Garden where it stands today and forms a part of the Botanical School. His country house is open to the public and can be viewed by anyone. The houses were usually three stories high, had balconies with iron railings. The windows were large and reached almost from the ceiling to the floor. There, spacious rooms with high ceilings were lighted by fixtures, often of sparkling cut glass, which hung low from the ceiling. There were great marble fireplaces, some made in foreign countries. Great giltrframed mirrors were placed above the Hreplace in almost every room. Furniture of rosewood or walnut heavy and well polished. and richly uphol- stered chairs added grandeur. On the walls might be found portraits of members of the family by Chester Harding or by Franca, pictures showing the life of the times by George Bingham. An occasional painting by a distinguished American or European artist might also be seen in such a home. DEVELOPMENT OF ART IN ST. LOUIS 1853-1904 By Anna Hossill, '55 Y 1853, the birth date of Central, a number of St. Louisans had begun to collect works of art. but the general public had no opportunity to see them. There was no art museum, no art school, no effective art societies. The period after 1853 is, therefore. the most important in the history of the city's art development. ln 1857 the Hrst loan exhibition was held in St. Louis. For the first time the public had an opportunity to see some of the pictures that St. Louisans had been collecting. From that time occasional exhibits were held in the city. Works of art were brought from the East and from Europe. and some of them were of a high standard. One of the early St. Louis collectors, Hercules L. Dousman, whose valuable collection, now scattered about the country, was open to the public, was the first to foster the idea of a public museum. The next step in developing art was taken in 1860 when the Western Academy of Art was established by Henry T. Blow. Unfortunately, however, the Civil War occurred at this time, and the Academy expired. Practically all art development was retarded during this period. Om' lltzmlrerl :mtl Six t I K KM , .'h,, 'EFS' Y Hwmgmm . . c W Wg 3 '?7'E 3iTZE..' 2 !'. l7'!55ii1: A i km f'5SgE.1g -.'Le::13:xi1'iZ,z:e!sf.gw ,. Ax- .X f In l872 art societies began to Hourish, and such names as J. R. Meeker, H. H. Morgan, and Dr. VV. T. Harris appeared as leaders in spreading a public eagerness for art. In 1874 Halsey Cooley Ives organized a successful evening drawing class in the rooms of Washington University, and the University organized an art department in l879 known as the St. Louis Museum and School of Eine Arts. The president was James E. Yeatman, and the director was Halsey C. Ives. This shows how our two separate institutions today, the Art Museum, and the School of Eine Arts, in Washington University. had their beginning as a combined organization for furthering art. ln 1881, through the munificence of Wayman Crow, the combined school and museum was provided with a new building at Nineteenth and Locust streets. The two remained as one department until after the World's Fair in l904. From that time on, the Art Museum has been housed in the art building of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, which was enlarged. The Art School was then moved to the British Pavilion, another exposition building. Later, through the generosity of William K. Bixby. the present building on the southeast corner of the Washington University campus was erected in l9':O. Three years after the Worlds Fair, the citizens of St. Louis voted to support the Art Museum on a public tax, and thus, becoming a public institution, it was severed from the School of Eine Arts. The Art Museum contains collections ranked among the finest in the country, and characteristic objects of almost every phase of art from ancient times to the present day. It therefore provides an opportunity for studying art of all periods and countries. Miss Mary Powell is the Supervisor of Educa- tion at the Art Museum, and she, together with her assistants, endeavors to spread among old and young alike, a finer appreciation of art. The School of Eine Arts, under the direction of Edmund H. Wuerpel, has continued as a prominent factor in advancing the art of our city, and also in bringing forth the hidden powers of its students, some of whom have won distinction. In the period following the Civil War, St. Louisans realized that a city ambitious to be really cultured and progressive must have its art societies. The St. Louis Sketch Club was formed in l877 by J. R. Meeker. The meetings were held in the studios of its members. The club prospered until l885 when dissenting members formed the Salmagundi Club. Both closed about 1886. Next followed the establishment of a very important factor in the progress of Hne arts in St. Louis, the St. Louis Artists' Ciuild, founded about 1898. It grew out of the idea of a group of artists who met in various studios and discussed art. However, as the membership grew, they felt that they should have a permanent meeting place. Accordingly, in l908 a building was opened One Hundred and Seven E? g5i'0? ??T 37t FR 1 Yx vcr .,. ,., M, , H .. i .,..'.t. .vu Ewe l- uv'- on Union and Enright avenues. The Guild holds four competitive exhibitions a year, of the works of St. Louisans. Artists' productions are hung on the walls of the Guild, and judged by three out-of-town artists. The prizes are given by St. Louis patrons of art. The Guild is open every day from one to Eve o'clock, and is free to the public. One other early art society that is still in existence is the St. Louis Art League. Another was the Friends of Art. This organization had two objec- tives. It encouraged St. Louis painters by buying some of their pictures, and it fostered a love of art in the public by presenting these pictures to the schools. St. Louis, along with other cities all over the world, has realized that fine arts, as well as applied arts, plays an important part in its development, and so we find art being given serious attention in our public schools, Drawing is compulsory in the elementary department, and elective in the high schools. Art Appreciation has recently been added to the curriculum, The Board of Educa- tion has put thousands of dollars worth of pictures and casts on the walls of the schools, and has erected buildings of beauty and distinction in all parts of the city. Leaving the present day, we return to the period after the Civil War, for a word about architecture. It was an era of poor taste all over the country, and furthermore, St. Louis was recovering from the XVar. However, it did produce the Eads Bridge, which was begun in 1867 and finished in 1874. Architecturally speaking, it is one of the finest bridges in the country. In the late nineties our taste in architecture began to improve. The Wain- wright Building on North Seventh Street and the Vv'ainwright Tomb in Belle- fontaine Cemetery are outstanding illustrations of this improvement. Houses of distinction were built in VVestmoreland Place, Portland Place, and other parts of the city. St. Louis became known throughout the United States for its beautiful homes. The Board of Education, in the late nineties, engaged William B. lttner as its architect. Through him St. Louis gained its reputation for beautiful school buildings. Mr. lttner designed the Yeatman High School, the Soldan High School, the McKinley High School, and many grade schools. In 1900 Washington University started on what has since become one of the most beautiful groups of university buildings in America. In 1904 the Louisiana Purchase Exposition not only left us a handsome Art Museum building, but it undoubtedly stimulated in the people of St. Louis a desire for a better city. By 1904 St. Louis had made great progress. Much, however, remained to be done before it would begin to live up to its possibilities. The city had grown up like Topsy. lts growth needed direction. That direction was furnished by a group of forvvard-looking citizens called the Civic League. Om' Humlrezl and Efghl . I VL'- 5 Ni If - M 45, Hmmm Aww BHLALA KQfes1aaf',.f ' M xy THE CITY PLAN COMMISSION By Mae Mensendiek, '35 N 1905 the Executive Board of the Civic League appointed a committee to consider a general plan for the city. This committee submitted to the League a plan advising the following improvements: the grouping of municipal buildings: street improvements: a park system, and a Municipal Art Commission. A thorough study of each topic was made and from these studies the first city plan for St. Louis was formed in 1907. Of course the League could only suggest as it had no power to act. It did make plain, however, our need of a city plan, and in 1911 an ordinance was passed providing for a City Plan Commission. In 1916 this Commission published the Public Building Group Plan, which is, today, taking form in the Memorial and Aloe plazas. Since nothing could be done without money, no progress was made until 1923 when, under a bond issue, St. Louis voted to pay from eight to nine million dollars for the nine blocks which the plazas were to occupy. Until very recently, little further had been done toward the erection of the plazas, because it was diflicult to get possession of the land. This obstacle has finally been removed, The old buildings have been razed, the ground is being cleared, and one of the proposed buildings, the Municipal Auditorium, is in the process of erection. We can now have a very clear idea as to what these plazas will look like. The Aloe Plaza, in front of the Union Station, has finally become a reality. It includes the two blocks bounded by Eighteenth, Twentieth. Market, and Chestnut streets. From now on the iirst impression of a visitor to St. Louis should be affected favorably by the loveliness of these two blocks with their grass, trees, shrubs, and fountains. Now, after forty years, the beauty of the Union Station can be appreciated. Before long one will also be able to enjoy the beauty of the Memorial Plaza, which, in general, extends from Twelfth to Fifteenth streets, and from Clark Street, where the City Hall and Municipal Courts group are located, to St. Charles Street, where the Lucas Garden forms the northernmost terminus. The Plaza proper will include the six blocks bounded by Market, Pine, Twelfth, and Fifteenth streets, and the one adjacent block bounded by Pine, Olive, Thirteenth, and Fourteenth. The southern terminus of the Plaza will be formed by three buildings facing Market Street, the present City Hall, the Municipal Courts Building, and the Municipal Auditorium, now under con- struction. On the east side, facing Twelfth, is the new Civil Court House, and on Pine, the Bell Telephone Building. The Missouri Pacific Building on Thirteenth and Olive, and the Public Library, in the block bounded by One Hundred and Nine !,f '-My .- .A XE-'ITFIE Ile ANU .fm fffif gasp' Thirteenth, Locust, and Olive also face the Plaza. Christ Church Cathedral, the Shell Building, and the Jefferson Hotel are other notable buildings near the Plaza. Inside the Plaza there are to be three buildings erected in the blocks bounded by Twelfth, Fifteenth, Pine, and Chestnut streets. The one in the center of these three blocks will be the Soldiers' Memorial, but the purposes of the other two have not yet been decided. The three blocks left between Chestnut, Market. Twelfth, and Fifteenth will constitute the main open Plaza, while the block bounded by Olive, Pine, Thirteenth, and Fourteenth will be used as a Northern Plaza for the Memorial Building and as a pleasing entrance to the Library. In addition to grass and shrubbery, sparkling water displays will adorn these spaces. At the highest point of the west end of the Plaza will be a fountain from which water will gush to a pool north of the Auditorium. This water will be submerged at Fourteenth to reappear in a lofty jet at the center of the space between the Soldiers' Memorial and the Municipal Courts. lt will pass again under the crossing of Thirteenth to appear once more as a fountain and finally rest in a quiet pool north of the City Hall. Another such pool will be made between the Library and the Soldiers' Memorial. Statues of important characters in history are to be erected also. The street cars will be carried underground from Twelfth to Fifteenth so as not to impede the easy How of traffic in the Plaza. There will also be a subway under Market Street for the length of the Plaza, and underground parking spaces for workers in the vicinity. Of course all these changes that will make the Plaza a lovely spot cannot be done right now, but the land which has been cleared can be planted in grass, thus making it much more beautiful than the group of unsightly buildings that have marred this spot. Now another problem faces the people, and, although the Plan Commission has offered its solution, nothing has been done to carry it out. As a result of the City's growth westward, it has turned its back on its greatest asset, the Mississippi River. The river front, while it might be, and ought to be, an attractive place, is the most run-down place in St. Louis. The solution which the Plan Commission has offered would make it a lovely spot indeed. There would be a large open plaza, with driveways, promenades, grass, fountains, and trees. The railway terminals would be placed in an inconspicuous location and there woud be a modern boat landing created at the levee. One can get a good idea as to what the river front as well as the Memorial Plaza will look like from the models now displayed in the old Court House. The plans for the river front reveal difficult engineering problems and the necessity of a vast amount of money if they are to be carried out. However, with the picture before us of what the river front would look like, we, who are the citizens of the future, should not rest until we have made this inspiring vision a beautiful reality. One Hundred uml' Ten -W K M-nw-L 4- 5 1 ' 3 Q ea.-w.w.gs3s t,3fM,,.s,ig,,Xa-4 .a W ...,- 5 3 W. ...L : f Mill W I '::.sm.rxrI-amtmmwemwm ALL ABOARD FOR THE CENTRAL TOURS. BROADWAY By Gertrude Thompson. '34 HE best way to get acquainted with the art and architecture of your city is to visit it. The following itineraries will provide pleasant and profitable occupa- tion for many vacation hours. The Federal Reserve Bank, central bank for the Eighth Federal Reserve District, classic in style, is located on the northeast cor- ner of Locust and Broadway. lt was built in 1925 by Mauran, Russell, and Crowell. The medallions along the top represent seals of the states which belong to the Eighth District. Over the main door is the seal of the United States surmounted by an eagle with outstretched wings, the work of Daniel Chester French. The beautiful interior is noted for its marbles and wood carvings. Guides, who take one about the building, tell interesting facts about it and about the banking sys- tem. On the southeast corner of Broadway and Olive is a memorial tablet erected by the Missouri Historical Society in honor of William Clark of . L the Lewis and Clark expedi- tion. On this site Clark lived and died, 1770-1838. This must have been, formerly, a fashionable residential district, but, looking at Broadway as it is today, it is diflicult to imagine such a thing. Sale of Slaves at Court House Door 1860 The old Court House, on Broadway, Chestnut, Market, and Fourth. was begun in 1839 and finished in 1862. The style is the classic revival of 1840. Doric, in the form of a Greek cross: it is surmounted by a dome of Renaissance One Hundred and Eleven 1as.a,.es,.t'f.2...ss.f.,.ft1a,..r,g r 'W Q -':r:z-. 5':'aT:r.- K 4536232 238-'I7E'EE.r QE 'E SE. 1 ..s.f e1Es. Eifezsl r. . were design. lt was the scene of many historic events. Slaves were auctioned off on the western steps. The Hrst Dred Scott trial was held here. On the north- west corner of Fourth and Market is a boulder which marks the starting point of all pioneer trails west. An old sundial and the whipping post of old Saint Louis were located on this site. The old Court House is famous not only because of its age but also for its beauty. It is an architectural achievement that the city may be proud of. The most beautiful part of the interior is the rotunda and dome. The murals by Wimar, described in the preceding article, are 4 ,. , , P W My 1 .,..,.. .... ,.,, f 'r -- ' e t'e ..,... .... , .-1- --fl f 1,.,.,., W. fff ' V v - 7 5 375, :W ,AIQY - '- I -',v:-v y pg tbpeb . gk MJ, S .V vl -f--31:1 W' fl ,Y x i - I L A 'S ',.. - .. , 3 ,il 9 :qi Qu N ' 1 , 'fag 'f s , , Q, tm . fmt, . Q, .W f I . 25, is xi. ki, ig, V K gy f ...R V , , yfprdyns if if if W . fx - f 3511183 r' . ' I. . . f A fax 5 1,7 g r ' I A' -V 8 iv W if it alslli F 1. f gi s t gg' f if ,aH,Ti'll, stasis' . , m g V y .jg i ..., it 1 i.tt ' i4.ga,g..,f--1 .1 . gg , .1 -,.. .- -:.- t... .,t. Q 1 ef' ...f ' Lobby of the Southern Hotel recognized as worthwhile paintings but need good restoration. The building today is used by the Saint Louis Art League for exhibitions: plans and models for the Memorial Plaza and the Proposed River Front may be seen here. We can easily appreciate the beauty of the Court House as it stands today, but some day we hope it will be restored. The Southern Hotel, located on the southwest side of Walnut and Fourth. is said to have been the first fireproof building in Saint Louis. It was one of the finest hotels of the Mississippi Valley. The Southern and the old Planters' Hotel that stood on Fourth and Chestnut were the headquarters for the rich planters on their visits here. Fourth Street, The Hill, as it was called, was beyond the town in 1800. It was here, at the head of Walnut, that the old Spanish Fort protected the town below. We shall descend, now. on Walnut to the old Post of St. Louis. Third Street was the Street of the Barns because it was where the barns stood. Second Street was the Street of the Church. The old Cathedral is located between Second and Third on Walnut. It was the Cathedral of Saint Louis from 1834 to October 18, 1914, when it became the Church of Saint Louis of France. There have been three churches Om- Hundred and Twelve X H vi I ' -are L-Pb A' ' gigs- 2 3 E . , on this site: Log Church, June 24, 1770: Second Church, consecrated March 28, 1824: and the present Cathedral. The corner stone of the present church was laid August 1, 1831, and the building was consecrated October 26, 1834. First Street was the Rue Royale or l lliiaicxmgi ' '1f.,,545Q I . A . :lil ?ii?s5J,5? . ng:-,L 11 5' ' vi : eff. r-ls --asf rlsels's 4 p VM, ,,.,... ' y H 5712. , U I ,V 'twgiyxn 6 fi: ? 1 111 1151 f fc ilhlf Iliff mn 4 1 -sc , ' A '. Z' fe , a s nel. 1 X p 'gllfl ll, 1, g We 'T' S, -3:3-f.- ,.. 'fa WZ' 1 S-Qisigx 1 The Old Catholic Calhedrul The style of the exterior is Greek classic. The facade is dignified, with its Doric columns, and the windows are well balanced in design. There are four languages on the facade: English, French, Latin, Hebrew. Upon entering the building, we are inspired and silenced by its classic beauty. Three very old paintings are hung over the three altars. Over the main altar, Saint Louis of France. over the east, the Madonna, over the west, Saint Barthelomew. The pic- tures were given by the King of France and French nobles in the early nineteenth century. Over the west side of the altar is the Bishop's Can- opy decorated with the French lily, Ia fleur-de-Iis. The land on which the old Cathedral stands is said to be the only property in Saint Louis that has not changed hands. Rue Principale. l-lere the houses stood looking out over the river, but in 1849 much of the old French quarters was destroyed by fire. On First Street and Market is a tablet marking the site of the old Chouteau Mansion, which was originally Laclede's fur post. You may go to the river and see the Eads Bridge, begun by Captain James B. Eads in 1867 and finished in 1874. At that time it was considered one of the marvelous engineering feats of the world, and is truly a great architectural accomplishment. The View of the old buildings along the river front today is much the same as in a print of 1855. Some day the old buildings will be torn down, and. in their stead, there are to be drives, parks, and spraying fountains where we may go and enjoy ourselves. Then we shall have made a lovely and inviting front door instead of our old back yard. Now we go south on Third to Gratiot. On the southeast corner is the second oldest church in Saint Louis. The Old Cathedral was for the French, One Hundred and Thirteen M ids ill '1gff5,T'f75 Y ff' ' ,. .....,,. ....,.,.-: -,.M,...e, W-.,' W' - but Saint lVlary's Church was for the German Catholics. It is surrounded by the houses of the church and is entered by a side door, for the front door is closed except on holidays. When you have passed through the narrow iron gates into the small courtyard, you might well imagine yourself in Europe. We go west to Fourth and then north to Cerre. On the southwest corner we find the Dent house, in which Grant married Julia Dent. This building, now delapidated, was once in a good residential district of the city. Perhaps some day this memorable old house will be turned into a Grant Museum. Looking south on Broadway one sees a grassy area extending for a block. This is the site of the old French market. FOOTING IT DOWN TWELFTI-I N THE northeast corner of Fifteenth and Olive is a bronze tablet marking the site of the first high school building erected in 1856. The Public Library is located at Fourteenth and Olive. The architect was Cass Gilbert, the style Italian Renaissance. The Library system was begun in l865 as l'The Public School Library, and in 1884 the title was changed Sl. Louis Public library to The St. Louis Public Library. Across the front can be seen carved medal- lions representing the seals of the city and of the Library, heads of Minerva, Janus, Pegasus, an hour glass, an owl, and an eagle. Alternating with the arches of the entrance are large medallion portraits of Homer, Dante, Virgil, and Shakespeare, and on the beveled edge are various figures of the nine muses and the three games. On the lower portion of the building are thirty medallions of painters identified with their art. The Art Room is one of the most beautiful rooms in the library. Its distinguishing characteristic is its ceiling, which is an adaptation of the carved ceilings in Italy. No furniture is fastened to the floor: therefore it may be cleared at any time for an Art Exhibition or reception. Just off from the Art Room is the Stedman Library for students in architecture. Notice the carved doorway. The circulation department is open from nine in Um' Humlrecl' und Fotzrleen f--it ,..,, , . ,.,, Q ..g i . - , . ,. K,n, , if A ' ' if EQ istt:eesS'?7f::s:wi-fie1Fs,i e--W ' - CD the morning to nine in the evening every day except Sunday. The Reference Room is open from nine A. M. to ten P. M. every day except Sunday, when the time is two to nine P. M. The Open Shelves Room is open on Sundays. Pause a moment at the head of the Library steps on Olive Street. Before long the broad expanse which extends from the Library to Clark Street will be an area of grass, flowers, and spraying fountains, surrounded by tall, monu- mental buildings, something which we may be proud of. This is the Memorial Plaza. The Lucas Garden is located on Thirteenth, Eourteenth, and Locust, It was a gift from the Lucas family in 1854. The items of interest: The drinking fountain by Nancy Coonsman Hahn, a gift from Margaret R. Kincard, is in the center of the eastern end. The central basin has a water spray, the benches a unique design with the vegetation in the form of a Fleur-de-lis. The Shell Building on Thirteenth and Locust is worthy of note. The Christ Church Cathedral is one of the most beautiful churches in St. Louis. lt is located on the southeast corner of Thirteenth and Locust. This church was the first parish of the Prot- estant Episcopal Church west of the Mississippi, and is the mother church and Cathedral of the diocese of Missouri. The building, designed by Leopold Eidlitz of New York, was finished in l867. lt is a good example of Early English Gothic. The tower was added The New Missouri Patina' Building in 191 l. The bells HIC 3 ClllpliC3IlOf1 of the Cierman Pavilion Bells at the World's Eair in l904, They have pealed for the Municipal Christmas festivi- ties: welcomed distinguished visitors, including the President: and have rung joyously for returned soldiers. The Tuttle memorial on Locust Street was erected in l927 in memory of Bishop Tuttle, for many years Bishop of Missouri. lt is so constructed that more stories may be added to it. The church is open during the day. The entrance is on Thirteenth Street. Upon entering the church we are silenced and awed by its spaciousness and beauty. The reredos, in the east end, a gift of Mrs. Christine Blair Ciroham, was dedicated December 25, 1911. lt was designed and executed by H. Heme and Sons of Exeter, England, with the cooperation of Kivas Tully. Mr. Heme oversaw One Hundred and Fifleen ' A I Y 1 1 H A 5 the setting up of it. It is entirely of Caen stone from Normandy. It is all hand-carved and tells the history of the Church with Christ as the central figure. Beneath the altar are carved groups of the annunciation, presentation of Christ in the Temple, and the resurrection. The key to the reredos may be obtained at the church. The Bishops Throne was a gift from Mrs. Kate Howard and is of Gothic stone work. All the windows in the church are beautiful, especially the seven lancet windows at the west end of the Cathedral, and those in the baptistry on the northwest corner as you go out. The subjects of the west window are The Nativity: Adoration of The Wise Men: Christ Among the Doctors: Our Lord's Baptism: Christ Before Pilate: The Shepherds of Calvary: and The Angels and Women at the Tomb. The Missouri Pacific Building on Olive and Twelfth Street is one of the monumental buildings facing the Plaza. The Bell Telephone Building situated on the southwest corner of Eleventh and Pine, begun in 1923 and finished in 1925, is in the modern setback style, has stained glass windows in the southern part of the rotunda. and ceilings beautifully painted. Visitors are allowed to go to the top of this building for a View of St. Louis. The Civil Courts, located on the northeast corner of Twelfth and Market. was built in 1927. It is a combined modern skyscraper. classic Temple, and Egyptian Pyramid. The Egyptian decorations of the main rotunda are beauti- ful. St. Louis, from the Cireek Temple is worth seeing. The City Hall is located on the southwest corner of Twelfth and Market. Begun in 1890, finished in 1898, it is the type of the French Hole! de Ville. In the central portion of the building is an open space about one hundred feet square, surmounted by galleries and covered by a skylight. This wall space contains a series of ten paintings by F. L. Stoddard, portraying Indians and allegorical subjects. There is also a copy of Nancy Coonsman Hahn's memorial of the Missouri soldiers at Cheppy. France. In the outside oflice of the Mayor's suite is a tile mosaic of St. Louis of France. This was part of the Louisiana 1- ' 1 niull llllln lllllil null' ,lunl .sefwl-'A One Hundred and Sixteen Q ., Jil . .f Purchase Exposition. A statue of Ulysses S. Grant by Robert P. Bringhurst stands at the southeast corner of Washington Square on Twelfth and Market. lt was presented by Grant's Monument Association on October 9, 1888. It is the one public representation of Grant in the city in which he once lived. The Municipal Courts Building, on the southeast corner of Fourteenth and Market, is in the French Renaissance style and was erected in 1910 and 1911. The Laclede Statue, by George Julian Zolnay, is placed between the Municipal Courts Building and the City Hall, facing Thirteenth Street. It is not an attempt at physical likeness, but it is a representation of Laclede as a pioneer. It was a presentation to St. Louis from the Centennial Association in 1914 in conjunction with the centennial celebration of St. Louis Incorpora- tion in 1909. The Municipal Auditorium is now being erected on Fourteenth and Market. The Union Station is located on Market and Eighteenth. It is Romanesque in style. The architect was T. C. Link. lt stands at the Western end of what was once Chouteau's Pond. In front of it is the Aloe Plaza. TOURING LINDELL By Joseph Hossitt. '36 HE Continental Life Building, located at Grand and Olive, designed by Ittner, rises majestically and can be seen for many miles around. It has a beacon atop it, used to guide airplanes. It was completed in 1930. St. Francis Xavier's Church, Grand and Lindell Boulevards, is sometimes called the College Church, because of its relation to St. Louis University. It is in the English Gothic style and Henry Switzer was the architect. The bells in the tower were cast in Seville, Spain, having been brought to New Orleans and then to St. Louis. They were put in the tower in 1914. The glass win- dows in the west end by Emil Frei are notable. St. Louis University, Grand Avenue and West Pine Boulevard, was founded in 1818 by the Jesuits, and is the oldest university in the west. The buildings are English Gothic style and designed by Henry Switzer. There are some interesting paintings here by old masters. Some are to be seen in the recep- tion room. The Scottish Rite Cathedral, at 3637 Lindell Boulevard, was designed by William B. Ittner in the classic style of the Ionic order. The large auditorium seats 3,000 people. The former St. Louis Club, 3663 Lindell Boulevard, is an interesting example of French Renaissance architecture. Friedlander and Dillon of New York and Ewald of St. Louis were the architects. One Hundred and Seventeen 'M ' Ke rr!-IES, m The Masonic Temple on Lindell, between Grand and Spring, is classic in style. Eames and Young were the architects. The three stages of the design are an emblem of the three steps in Masonry. A glass window is the work of Emil Erei. St. Peters Protestant Episcopal Church at 3692 Lindell Boulevard is Gothic in style. The Coronado Hotel at Lindell and Spring avenues is one of the most beautiful hotels in the city. A walk through the reception rooms on the main floor is suggested. Notice the handsome apartment buildings in this district. The Moolah Temple, 3821 Lindell, stands out because of the material of which it is built. The St. Louis Medical Association Building, 3839 Lindell Boulevard, is classic in style. The Cathedral of St. Louis is flve blocks west on Lindell Boulevard and is the largest church in the city. lt was designed by Barnett, Haynes. and Barnett in a developed Byzantine style and was dedicated October 18, l9l-l. The exterior of the Cathedral is impressive. There are three domes. Only one, the great central one, is seen from the street. This dome. including the cross, is 227 feet from the street level. The interior is massive in construction. Its greatest length is 238 feet and its greatest width is 194 feet. Two rose windows at the northern and southern ends of the church were designed and executed by the Tilfany Studios. Within the building are four chapels. The All Saints' Chapel and the l.ady Chapel were designed in the Roman style by C. A. Leonari of Rome and executed by Tiffany and Company of New York. The Blessed Sacrament Chapel and the All Souls' Chapel were designed in the Byzantine style by G. D. Barnett and executed by the Gorham Company of New York. The Sanctuary is interesting and the High Altar is especially noteworthy. because of the beauty of design and the richness of material. A great portion of the Cathedral is covered by mosaics, which are very beautiful. The views up and down Lindell are beautiful, especially on a rainy night. SEEING KINGSHIGHVJAY O REACH the important places on Kingshighway, leave the Delmar- Olive car at Kingshighway. Temple Israel, a Jewish synagogue, on the northwest corner of Wasla- ington at Kingshighway, was designed after the Madeleine in Paris in the style of a Roman Temple of the Corinthian order. The Second Baptist Church, on the southeast corner of Kingshighway and Vwlashington, was designed by Mauran, Russell, and Garden in a modified Italian Gothic style, Um' llumlred' um! lfzlghleen 5, ,E ...W t A hw .. QY , ' St. John's Methodist Church, on the southwest corner of Kingshighway and Washington was designed by Theodore C. Link in late Italian Renaissance. It is of the Ionic order. St. Johns Club House, on Washington Avenue, was designed by Wilbur Trueblood. It is in the Gothic style. The Tuscan Temple at the northwest corner of Westminster Place was designed by Albert Groves, in the classic Doric order and is used as a Masonic lodge. The First Church of Christ Scientist is on the southwest corner of West- minster Place. Mauran, Russell, and Crowell were the architects. It is in the Renaissance style. Church of the Unity, at 5015 Waterman Avenue, was designed by William B. Ittner in the Gothic style. A mural decoration by E. Wuerpel occupies the entire wall space back of the pulpit. It was given to the church by Mrs. B. J. Taussig in thanksgiving for the safe return from the World War of all the young men connected with the church, among them being her son. To the east of Waterniaii Avenue is Hortense place. South on Kingshigh- way are two of the handsomest residence places in St. Louis. The Portland Place entrance was designed by Theodore C. Link. At Lake Avenue, in this place, is a statue called Mercury Teasing a Young Eagle, by Frederick VV. Ruckstuhl. The entrance to Westmoreland Place is the work of Eames and Young. A walk through these places is delightful. From Maryland Avenue to Pine Street are some of St. Louis's finest resi- dence hotels. On the southeast corner of Maryland and Kingshighway is the Park Plaza Hotel, which can be seen for great distances around. The hotel was designed by Victor Proetz. The Chase Hotel on the northeast corner of Lindell and Kingshighway is one of the most beautiful in the city. From here one can walk east three blocks to Newstead Avenue to the Catholic Cathedral already described in the Lindell itinerary, or one can go south on Kingshighway, past the hospitals, for which St. Louis is famous. One might Walk west on Lindell Boulevard toward Vv'ashington University or enter Forest Park. One Hundred um! Nineleun . M., Ll' E BEA .3 Q12 J 'szggvti 4. WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY TOUR of the campus of Washington University would be enjoyable. The university can be reached by the City Limits car, the University- Olive car, or the Waterman bus. The buildings cover one hundred and fifty-live acres and are considered one of the most beautiful groups of University buildings in America. University Hall is the main building. It was erected in 1900, and was used as the administration building for the World's Fair. The style is Tudor Gothic, and the hall was a gift of Mr. Robert S. Brookings. A wonderful view of St. Louis can be obtained from the archway. The arcade of Ridgely library is beautiful. Duncker Hall houses the school of Commerce and Finance and was erected in memory of Charles Duncker, who was killed in the World War. He graduated from Central in 1910, receiving the scholarship of Washington University. The Woman's Building is the center of the social life of the women. It contains beautiful reception rooms, a gymnasium, and a cafeteria, which is open to the public. McMillan Hall is the women's dormitory. Graham Memorial chapel is near the men's dormitories. It was designed by J. P. Jamieson who had his inspiration from King's College Chapel, Cam- bridge, England. It is Tudor Gothic in style. On specified Sundays, during winter months, organ recitals are given here. January Hall, east of Graham Memorial Chapel, is used as the law school. James P. Jamieson was the architect. Busch Hall is the chemical laboratory. From Busch Hall one can go to the archway of the main building again, and then south on Forsythe Boulevard to the Givens School of Architecture, a gift of Joseph Givens in honor of his father and mother. The building is different from the others, being classic in style. The New Art School, the gift of William K. Bixby, at Skinker and Forsythe, is also classic in style. Jamieson and Spearl were the architects. The woodwork and plaster in the Antique room were removed from the British Pavilion of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition. The Robert Burns Statue, directly in front of the Art School, was erected in honor of Burns by admirers of his genius. A walk in the neighborhood south of Washington University would be worth while since there are very beautiful residences in this section. At Forsythe and Ashbury is the Church of Our Lady of Lourdes. This little church is Norman Gothic in style and was designed by Guy Study. South on Pennsylvania Avenue is Brentmoor, another place of lovely homes. One Hundred and Twenty K If ' ' Q if A-I MH' 5 ' STROLLING THROUGH FOREST PARK E YOU wish to spend a pleasant afternoon, it is recommended that you go to Eorest Park. For five cents, you can make a circuit of it by bus, starting at the Lindell Pavilion, Lindell and Kingshighway, and passing all points of interest. Or you may make a trip through on foot, since there are numerous ways to enter the park. The Louisiana Purchase Exposition of l904 and the Pageant and Masque of 1914 were held here. The Municipal Theatre is also in the park. Within the park boundaries are included thirteen hundred and seventy-one acres. lt is one of the largest parks in the United States. Many are its attrac- tions: the Jefferson Memorial, the Art Museum, the golf courses, the tennis courts, the playgrounds, the Zoo, and the Jewel Box. It is deemed inadvisable to try to visit all these places in one day. but to take a few at a time. Jefferson Memorial, at the DeBaliviere entrance, may be reached by the University car line. It is open from ten to five daily, including Sundays, and is only closed on Christmas and New Years'. The building, classic in style, and designed by Isaac Taylor, is a memorial of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition of 1904. lt is a combination of a museum, library, statue, archway, and community house. A statue of Thomas Jefferson by Karl Bitter is placed in the center of the building under the high arch of the rotunda. On the east wall is placed a bronze tablet-the Signing of the Treaty. It is in high relief and represents Monroe, Livingston, and Marbois signing the Louisiana Purchase Treaty made April 30, 1803. A bronze tablet, designed by Tiffany and Commemo- rating the Louisiana Acquisition, is placed on the west wall. In the west wing are exhibited the Lindbergh Trophies. ln the east wing is the headquarters of the Missouri Historical Society, A Very good idea of life in old St. Louis can be obtained by studying the exhibits and pictures here. Just outside of the memorial, on the eastern side, stands the statue of a Pioneer Woman, modeled by Nancy Coonsman Hahn. The Art Museum is HOI far south of the Jefferson Memorial and can be reached by walking past the golf links and up Art Hill or by taking the bus in front of the Memorial. It is the only permanent building of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, having been designed by Cass Gilbert. The style is classic, with six Corinthian Columns across the main entrance. The Sculpture Court was inspired by the Baths of Caracalla and has the largest Guastivino ceiling in the United States. The museum contains a representative collection of paintings and sculpture, decorative and graphic arts, and affords a wonderful opportunity for the study of art. The English and American period rooms are beautiful. Anyone may listen One Hundred and Twenty-one . ..a,,, -rw , - . - I.. I .. . . V Y r f ' V'fT'.i7f I 23, Nga ,Wa au., ggi: 3. ras. .tif A. . ...T'?,t,. Y ,Ma 'MM' 'Am' an Q. ' ' ' . -ta.,:jf7:.ZZ',Z f' 5 V saayjtgzm P 'E New 'S .ax ff to the talks on Art given by Miss Powell or members of the staff. Many inter- esting exhibitions are held here from time to time. The St. Louis Statue directly in front of the Art Museum was modeled by Charles Niehaus. It was presented to St. Louis in commemoration of the Exposition held on this site. The statue overlooks Art Hill, which is shaped in a semi-circle and slopes down to the lagoons. Here was held the Pageant and Masque of l9l4. To the East of the large bird cage is the statue of the Zuni Indian by Walker Hancock. It was a gift of Augustus Maschmeyer as a memorial to Jessie Tennille Maschmeyer. It can be reached from the Art Museum by walking east through the Zoo, and through the bird cage. North of the Zuni Indian statue is the Worlds Fair Pavilion or shelter house. designed by George Kessler, with Henry Wright as associate architect. This building stands on the site of the Missouri Building of the Worlds Fair. One of the most beautiful views of western St. Louis is gained at this point. On the terrace is a sundial, a memorial to Mary Leighton Shields, president of the Missouri Society of Colonial Dames of America for seventeen years. The benches nearby are supported by crouching elves designed by Nancy Coonsman Hahn. The Japanese cherry trees up the slope to the shelter house are a beautiful sight when in bloom. The Jewel Box is located opposite the Arena and can be easily reached by the Market Street car. Displays of flowers are kept here and are frequently changed. THE STATUES IN FOREST PARK TRIP to the various isolated statues in the park would be enjoyable. A good starting point would be at Oakland and Kingshighway. Here is the Bates statue, by J. W. McDonald, a memorial to Edward Bates. a member of Lincoln's first cabinet. North of this statue, at Lindell and Kingshighway, is the Francis P. Blair statue. the work of VV. W. Gardner. Mr. Blair had a prominent part in the life of the city during and after the Civil War. Midway between the Lindell entrance and the Jefferson Memorial is the Confederate Memorial by George Julian Zolnay. Om' Humlreil una' Ttuenly-Iwo ws.-1. lr 5 :agwaww-.--www A , ' if EE7-1,11-ffvm-'31 ' I 0 Qjwsvfs-e7mg,5,,g,2,4,. sfsfgr-i',Tg C me-I-My ww-was-fmff L.f- Q e .,: fm,, - - ew. 1 EEE Qaawtsni 512, At the lily pond is the Bertha Guggenheim Memorial Fountain by J. A. Horchert. Near this, at McKinley and Government drives, is the Franz Sigel statue by Robert Cauer and is the only equestrian statue in the park besides that of St. Louis. West of the Missouri Pavilion, on the border of the lagoon is the Jahn Memorial, erected in honor of Freidrich Jahn and a gift of the St. Louis Ttzrnuerein. lt was the work of Robert Cauer. West of this, at Skinker and Forsythe boulevards, is a fountain by Victor Holm, commemorating the work of two St. Louis musicians, Owen Miller and Otto Ostendorf. XVALKER HANCOCK By Ruth Farrell. '33 ALKER HANCOCK, now an outstanding American sculptor, gradu- ated from Central High School in June, 1919. He played an active part in many school activities. Walker Hancock was one of the editors of the RED AND BLACK and contributed both art work and poetry to that publication. His cover design has been used often on the RED AND BLACK. One of his poems was published in Art and Archeology, a leading art magazine, when he was sixteen years olcl. Walker Hancock played one of the chief parts in his class play. He helped in the designing and research work for the Greek Games, a beautiful pageant given by the Girls Gymnasium Department of Central at the Municipal Theatre. in 1919. During his senior year he made the Memorial Tablet which is waiting for a per- manent place in our school. ln addition he attended the Saturday morning classes at the Washington University School of Fine Arts. Upon his graduation from Central, NValker Hancock received a scholarship to the Vwfashington University Art School for his out- standing work in the High School Art Course, Following that, he won a scholarship to the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts. While there he won the Stuartson prize and twice the Cresson Traveling Fellowship, which enabled him to travel extensively in Europe. Next in his list of awards was the gold medal for American sculpture in the Pennsylvania Academy's Annual Exhibi- tion, which he won on his Bust of Toivo. At about the same time he won the Prix de Rome prize, which is the greatest award a young American sculptor can hope to attain. lt enabled him to study, free of charge, for three years at the American Academy, at Rome. He spent an extra year in ltaly and on his return One Hundred ami Twenty-three , '-.wp sw... .. r aw- -.-.Aa f:-ww-Q f -W f -- s , Y I ax' in A '- ' - 'f:':Q:W:g4s: 1 uml1 u uf--M A357 xWl3J'lTR'Il3. w was we S to the United States he was appointed to his present position as head of the Department of Sculpture at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts. At present Walker Hancock's time is divided between the Pennsylvania Academy in Philadelphia and his studio in New York. He is working on important commissions, both architectural pieces and portraits. His summer studio is at Folly Cove on Cape Ann in Massachusetts. Walker Hancock has a number of works in St. Louis. He has Memorial Tablets in both the Westminster Presbyterian Church and the Scruggs School. His Bust of Toivo is at the City Art Museum. Mr. NVilliam Booth Papin owns his bronze statue of Time. The Squirrel Fountain is owned by Mr. Charles McClure Clark. The Zuni Bird Charmer, which is his latest work in St. Louis is located near the Bird House in Forest Park. It is a bronze statue, life size, of a kneeling lndian with a bird on either arm. Walker Hancock is still a young man and we all join in wishing him a long and successful career. , - 1 STAR DUST By Larry WE'1'F, '34 As cz star Is falling. I wonder what it thinks. I wonder if, in its way. 11 rants and curses And cries aloud to kin and God. Or if in some grand ethereal mood, Quiet. prosaic, It marmars softly, This is fate. One Hundred and Twuntyffour as - -L ma., nt... ,e ' ARCHITECTURE OE ST. LOUIS By Mr. Spross IKE other factors in civilization, architecture undergoes certain changes, influenced by economic and other material conditions. While no definite line of demarcation can be drawn between the periods of architectural style transition in America, a gradual change can be observed, evolving from the application of the European styles, to the Modern or Individualistic feeling that is in our midst today, To understand readily how the European styles influenced the building of Greater St. Louis, it is necessary to know something of the sources from whence they came, and the characteristics which distinguish them, one from another. To do this we must go back through the centuries of time and history and trace them step by step until we find them knocking for admittance at our door. To the ancient Greek of Hellas, the architects of more than twenty centuries are indebted for the fitness or Hsense of proportion which they gave: a matter of no exact science, but that feeling of pleasant satisfaction in the relationship of each part to the whole, so nobly portrayed in the Parthenon at Athens, still sublime in inspiration though in ruins. Prom the Greek we have a low-pitched roof covered with tile: the sculptured frieze supported by columns of the Doric, Ionic, or Corinthian orders. whose bases repose on series of terraced steps. From the Etruscans of northern Italy came the arch, which the Romans copied, making the semi-circular arch their distinguishing feature. In all other respects their architecture is largely a modification of the Greek styles. In the East, a mingling of Oriental style which the Roman produced is that which is known as Byzantine, employing an interior charm and gracefulness unknown to the Romans. But in the West, there was no particular type to blend with the Roman to form a style comparable to the Byzantine. What actually took place was a gradual modification of the Roman style into that which is known as the Romanesque. The tendency here was away from the heaviness so prevalent in the older construction. In Lombardy, the vaults were supported by ribs at the groins or intersections of surfaces, the ribs resting on pillars, making the use of massive walls unnecessary. Thus the ribs were used for both structural and decorative purposes. In France was born the Gothic style of architecture just prior to the Renais- sance. Structurally, it is marked by the pointed arch, which may be raised to impressive heights without material increase, in width, needing no heavy walls to resist the outward thrust, thereby permitting the building of vaults of any size or shape. In this style there is not any excess material. All weight is carried by the skeleton of arches, piers, and buttresses, the spaces between the outside piers being lilled with lofty windows. This style was copied in One Hundred cmd Twenty-five Y ' MTX gr., 1-1 if :-.qf'fl.-We-ff':v'f ' K W :ww ,,,, X is i- ' S'ff'. 1'fT' 7 If 5ci T ' :Sy News- I7I'IE Qi .QM England, Germany, and Italy where, through elaborate ornamentation, various modifications of the Gothic style arose. Nowhere else in the world, save in France. does it exist in its original purity. ln England, during the reign of the Tudor sovereigns fl5th to l8th cen- turiesl, one of the modified Gothic types prevailed, known as the Tudor style and characterized by straight lines. Turrets, decorative chimneys, bay and oriel windows became popu- lar. The Elizabethan phase llate Tudorl developed cer- tain characteristics, such as great square windows, numer- ous fireplaces and chimneys, carved staircases of wood, gables, octagonal turrets, pro- jecting windows, paneled ceil- ings, and detailed ornamenta- tion. Since the Renaissance, a re- vival of the Classical style began to influence French architecture and spread to other countries. It was a marked characteristic of the new age that other buildings besides churches were worthy of the architects' skill: consequently a study of the best works has continued to our present time. The Oli! Cour! House In the early days when St. Louis was scarcely more than a trading post on the threshold of the New West, it is interesting to note that among the tradesmen of the community was an auctioneer named Gabriel Paul, who designed the first cathedral in Missouri. The structure was built of brick and located on a site near Second and Walnut streets. lt was begun in l8l8, and torn down before the days of photography: so we have only the written record of its existence. It stood in the same square where the present Old Cathedral now stands. The next builders of note, after Gabriel Paul, were Morton and LaVaille. Records show that they were partners, who designed and built a brick Episcopal Church on the corner of Third and Chestnut streets: another. at the southwest corner of Fifth and Chestnut: and still another, in 1860. at Thirteenth and Locust. ln l926 these men drafted the plans of the First Court House which was completed in l8'53. In I854 this structure was razed for the East Wing of the present Old Court House, which was not completed until l862. The year 1837 marked the beginning of the works of two more architects of note, Lewis M. Clark and Oliver A. Hart. The former designed the old Um' Hundred und Twenlyfsix 0 - ...-- v--f'b www.-ew .,y. ,.,. .,,,',, ..:a,a.a.c,.-,M-1 W ff- , K R ,.,.a..a X ' . S gms'--wf. ., . a. f . , , . , may ,f--,U ,L g,,,,,,,L m St. Louis Theatre, which was built on the southeast corner of Third and Olive. This structure, the Hnest west of the Mississippi River, seated 1400 people and cost 370,000 ln the early Hfties it was torn down to make way for the Customs House, which still stands. Mr. Hart's contribution to growing St. Louis at this time was three churches. He designed the Second Baptist Church, which was built in 1846 at Sixth and Locust: the First Presbyterian Church at Fourteenth and Locust Cthen known as Lucas Placej, and, later, the Walnut Presbyterian Church f1864J at Sixteenth and Walnut. Firs! Presbylcrirm Church Approximately from 1850 to 1890, the influence of the Romanesque and Classic style was vigorously applied to homes, churches, schools, and commercial buildings. This influence was introduced into St. Louis and amply portrayed in the many fine homes and churches erected in the early fifties after the plan of George 1. Barnett, a distinguished young architect, trained under Sir Thomas Hine, of London, who came to St. Louis from England about 1840. Upon his arrival in St. Louis, Mr. Barnett joined Lewis M. Clark, which step marked the beginning of a long and successful career. Two of his earliest Works were the New Court House and St. Vincent de Pauls Catholic Church. Mr. Barnett designed the finest Missouri homes prior to the Civil War, a splendid example being the Kennett's home at Selma Landing on the Mississippi One Hundred and Twenty-seven 7 M , QL-3 1. ...ig W.. M...... , ' 7 'QSXT .'mt. L fl' ' EQ, I u Wi1 f'.'fi T 5'v'l.filf.. l I1f'4..' ' Tx NYM! I 'IEEE EB .5555 22.1-4 .r'3Q:.. .. el.-, - River in Jefferson county, which to the rivermen of that time was known as Kennett's Castle. The fifties were notable for the important buildings erected at this time. In 1852 Mr. Robert Mitchell designed the Mercantile Library Building, and Mr. Barnett gave to St. Louis the finest of all his churches, the Union M. E. Church located at Eleventh and Locust. The year following he designed the Trinitarian Congregational Church at Tenth and Locust, the first of the denomination in Missouri. ln 1856 the first Public High School building was completed and located at Fifteenth and Olive. This building was designed by Mr. Wm. Rumbold. The first oflicial Central High occupied this 5 535 57 structure in March of that year. It was the if' '- first of its kind west of the Mississippi. The Q with N if Tudor Gothic style employed in its design g' 1-J W miggiiu evidently set the pattern for all future High School Buildings in the city, as later, Mr. .igf lttner, designer of buildings for the Board ' 5 S :W -jg 9 5- of Education, drew his inspiration from the if - 1,il.-,aE-ilggfzf Tudor period of England with most grati- Thc OM Mmhums Exchange fying results. Mr. Rumbold was also given ,u...',, 14.-,ii-.,.,,, ,if..,-ff.-1 ii-ffm the contract to complete the Old Court 1' h ' f ' 1 '11 House, the chief task being the designing of the dome which was made of cast iron, and completed in 1862. 1 I 1' ' imc ri rw 'zu 'ur Another splendid piece of architectural achievement of this decade was the Christ Church QEpiscopalJ, the construction of which was halted by the Civil War. Not until 1910 was the present tower erected, designed by VJ. A. Caldwell of St. Louis and built by Kivas Tully. The reredos of this magnificent structure was designed by Harry Hems of Exeter. England, and installed in 1911, This same period brought to St. Louis the influence of Gothic architecture through Mr. Isaacs, who was educated in the Trinity School of New York and entered work with Richard Upjohn, one of the truly great Gothic architects of America. Mr. Isaacs practised privately in St. Louis after the Civil Vilar. Types of his designing are portrayed in the Church of Holy Communion lEpiscopall, the Patchen residence, and the New Mercantile Library Building. which replaced the old one designed by Mitchell. ln 1869-70 the Eour Courts Building at Twelfth and Clark came into being, designed by Thomas Warying Vvlalsh, who came to this city in 1850. The present buildings of St. Louis University at Grand and Vslest Pine. as well as the Church of St. Erancis Xavier at Grand and Lindell. were the contri- butions of Mr. Walsh. Om' Hundred uml Twenty-eight f .. QIEU smwwmwwwwo.f amwmm m s m'mmiEEb Q f ' VN ' filed ' The seventies saw the beginning of some of the Hnest residential sections of St. Louis. Notable among them was Vandeventer Place, the first house of which was the beautiful home of Charles H. Peck, who had prepared himself in architecture and was a partner of the late George I. Barnett. Thomas B. Annan, a native son of St. Louis, designed and completed the Merchants' Exchange Building in 1875. This was a most remarkable building. Particularly was it noted for its interior woodwork, which was of walnut. Mr. Annan also produced the Cupples residence, a home noted for the beauty of its interior woodwork. The middle eighties marked a turning point in Missouri architecture as well as in that of the entire nation. Henry Hobson Richardson brought the Ameri- can people to thinking in terms of the Romanesque style for all classes of build- ings. His life cut short by an incurable malady, he requested his practise to be turned over to three young men of his office, Shepley, Rutan, and Coolidge, who executed an extensive amount of work in the city during the next decade. aNHB55m H I R H E 5 H v Near the close of the nineteenth cen- H I K H m 3' 3 tury, the tall oflice building or skyscraper B 3.3 N 3 H H came into being, especially in America, H Y H H H I H presenting entirely new problems. Its ' framework of steel embedded in concrete transformed the science of building. The only style worthy to succeed is the step- back design. To avoid the monotony apt to result from the myriads of regularly arranged The New C,-ul-,COurtHOuSe window openings, and to prevent the extreme height of the structure from making the dimensions seem poorly proportioned, are two problems in exterior design which the architects of the modern tall buildings must solve. In the solution of these problems the achievements of past centuries play an important part. Many elements of the Classic and Gothic designs are employed. The continuous vertical strips between windows ending in pilasters and sometimes cornices produces a striking resemblance to those employed centuries earlier in Europe. In 1891 the tall office building made its appearance in St. Louis, the accen- tuated vertical pilasters expressing the new era of steel and concrete construction One Hundred and Twenty-nine 'W?SX . , -..a,..,.- .. Mfmm- ' ' . . A , ' Q mzz.-:m::r.n a.a-...a.., s, isnt!!! ug1nIlmv,s.g::m1rv 'm .w kW-Tiff REI! E lil JANE KA .3 31 awww' just coming into its own. As a general trend the Renaissance. Romanesque, and Classic style found expression in ollice-building design. During 1893-94 St. Louis gained three notable additions: the City Hall, designed by Eckel and Mann: the Union Station at Eighteenth and Market, designed by Theodore C. Link: and the Visitation Convent at Cabanne and Belt, by Barnett, Haynes. and Barnett. Nineteen hundred and four has been referred to as the Ciolden Age of St. Louis. The Louisiana Purchase Exposition aroused public interest in archi- tecture. Gradual improvement in character of design, composition, and application of ornament took place. Some very beautiful buildings of the Exposition established a precedent which was to be reflected in the modilication of design in general. The massive granite Administration Building of the Exposition which Robert 1. Brookings provided for Washington University: the Fine Arts Building: the Art Museum, and Jefferson Memorial in Forest Park all exemplify this influence. The following list partly portrays the gala per- formance of the builders' art and architectural achievement extending from this period to the entry of our country into the World War: I y Boatmen's Bank Bldg., 1913-14. Eames and MW T1 'P U Bmldml Young, architects. Laclede Cias Light Co., 1913. Muran, Russell, and Crowell, architects. Moolah Temple, 1913. Heflfenstellar, Hirsch, and Watson, architects. New Roman Catholic Cathedral, 1913. Barnett, Haynes, and Barnett. architects. 1The mosaics on the arches and pendentives of this cathedral were made under the supervision of Emil Frei, of St. Louis.J University Club, 1914. Eames and Young, architects. Missouri Athletic Association Bldg., 1914. lttner and Brueggeman, architects. Church of Our Lady Lourdes, 1916. Study and Farrar, architects. Westminster Presbyterian Church, 1916. Albert B. Curoves, architect. Hotel Statler, 1917. George B. Post and Sons. N. Y., assisted by Mauran, Russell, and Crowell of St. Louis, architects. St. Louis Post Dispatch, 1917. Barnett, Haynes, and Barnett, architects. During our participation in the World War, few buildings of note were completed. Home industries were bent on winning the war, and all else mat- tered little. But as soon as the nation, state, and community had recovered from that orgy of blood, and the state of human relationships began to assume Um' llundrecl und Thirly 5 ...-, 6 E ...M H a condition tending toward normalcy, building was resumed with renewed vigor and clearer vision for future needs. Some of the recent structures completed are as follows: Hotel Chase, Chester and Chase Apartments, l922. Preston J. Bradshaw, architect. Hotel Coronado, 1925, Addition, l926. Preston J. Bradshaw, architect. Scottish Rite Cathedral, l92l-23, Vv'illiam B. lttner, architect. W. K. Bixby Hall of Pine Arts, Washington U., l925. Jamesson and Spearl, architects. The Embassy Apartments, l926. Preston J. Bradshaw, architect. From 1927 to 1932, we find the gradual evolution of design destined to culminate in our present modernism so clearly exempliied in the completion of our New Civil Courts Building and the erection of that gigantic pile of concrete and steel, the Southwestern Bell Telephone Building. Evolution speaks progress-the transcendent fact of steady growth in architectural design attesting to the same. This culmination of which we speak, however, is DOE ultimate in any sense, our efforts of today being the progress of tomorrow. :Article written by the sponsor, Mr. Harold E, Spruss. after research work and exploration trips Lvhich he anal his COI77I77lillt'l'. lvootly liortl. Robert Yamamato. and Ray llfvise, made! THE FABLE By Larry lVeir, '34 Dust lies heavy Distorted facts, And deep Confused actions. On the faded pages Dealing with deeds Of yesterday. Of patriots and tyrants, l. with the feeble puffs Reversing their creed: Of rnan, Making heroes ln places Of nonentities. Scatter several minute grains. This I gather Then hastily, lnto one gigantic myth Unconsciously. Frown bewilderment, Carefully. glean And call it-- History. One Hunzlrecl and Thirty-one MR. SCHMITZ: ART PATRON After an interview with Mr. Schmitz St. Louis students should know Mr. Rudolph Schmitz. for he has done so much toward the development of art appreciation in our schools. ln 1900 he began a custom of awarding each with the assistance of a friend. reprints of paintings to the best year. three three art students of the school system. This custom he continued for ten years. As .1 and schools were the recipients of 1600 prints and 300 plaster casts. ln 1920 he made and donated to the schools a collection of 538 reproduc- result of his generosity. students The artists whose names appear in the following list have in some way been connected with St. Louis. Unless the word deceased or the dates of birth and death appear after the name, the artist. as far as could be ascertained. is still living. This list was made by Mary Taylor. '36. and lfrances Hager. '36, for the purpose of encouraging Central students to become acquainted with the names and works of St. Louis artists. The items included have been checked by reliable critics. but the list is student work and makes no pretense at being all-inclusive. Georye C. Aid. litcher. engraver. and painter. Tom l'. Barnett. 1870-1929. Painter of landscapes. Deceased. Ruth Barry. Jewelry. Oscar E. lierninyhaus. A painter and illustrator. He specializes in West- ern subjects. Georye Bingham. 1811-1879. En- joyed a great reputation in his day as a painter of contemporaneous life and character. Many of his paintings fur- nished subjects for engravings published in the forties and fifties. Deceased. Robert Porter lirinyhursl. 1855- l925. Sculptor. He was an instructor in the School of lfine Arts, His statue of Grant is in the northeast corner of the City Hall Square. Deceased. Lilian Brown. Deceased. Painter. Taught in Soldan High School. Sheila Burlingame. Painter and sculptor. Mildred Bailey Carpenter, Painter and illustrator. She designed Centra1's school pin, She is a graduate of Cen- lral. Ifred Green Carpenter. Painter. ln- structor at the St. Louis School of Fine Arts. One Hundred and Thirty-two By Rose Hummel, '34 tions of great paintings and prints of statues. This Schmitz Collection. representative of the best in the world's art during the past Eve hundred years. passes from school to school. remaining a year at a time. lt will soon be our turn to enjoy these pictures. It was the writer's privilege to talk with Mr. Schmitz. He is eighty-one years old. just one year older than Cen- tral. He came to this country at the age of eighteen. He learned English by copying twenty words in the morning and studying them during the day, He ST. LOUIS ARTISTS Mrs. Kathryn Cherry. Deceased. 1931. Still-life painter. mostly flow- ers. lVilliam Merritt Chase. 1849-1916. Deceased. He was a famous painter, He is said to have taught more artists than any other man of his day, St. Louis is said to have given Chase his real start in the art world. Harry Chase. 1853-1889. Deceased, Marine painter. Frank Swift Chase. Landscapes. Alban Jasper Conant. 1821-1915. Deceased. Painted portraits of Lincoln, Sherman. and other notables. Paul Cornoyer. 1864-1923. De- ceased. He painted scenes of New York and London. Some of his works are in St. Louis Art Museum, Dawson Dawson-lVutson. Land- scapes. Mary Fairchild fMrs. Will H. Lowl. Painter. Georqe C. Eichbaum. 1837-1929. Deceased. Painter. Hugh Ferriss. Architectural illus- trator. He graduated from Washing- ton University. Augusta liinkelnhury. She taught at Central and was later transferred to Cleveland, Landscapes. Manuel de Franca. 1803-1863. De- ceased. Born in Portugal. educated for the priesthood. had to leave his native land because of political disturbances. He came to St. l.ouis in 1845. and be- came very popular through the influence of James E. Yeatman. Emil Frei. A stained-glass window painter. He is represented in many St. Louis churches. among which is St. Frances Xavier. He also did some of the mosaics in the Cathedral on Lin- dell Blvd. Charles F. Galt. Portraits. Clara Pfeiffer Garrett. Sculptor. Lillian Glaser. Deceased. Organized Weavers Guild. Former instructor of Weaving in St. Louis Art School. has traveled much. but he says he always returns to St. Louis a better satisfied citizen. When he tirst came here, St. Louis had only 30.000 inhabitants. It was a pioneer town with mud ankle-deep in its streets and stepping stones at the crossings. .lust four hundred miles west there were plenty of butfaloes and thousands of lndians ready at any time to go on the warpath. After listening to such stories. one realizes what mar- velous changes have come to St. Louis during one man's lifetime. Adele Schulenbury Gleeson. Sculp- tor. She graduated from Central. C. K. Gleeson. Paintings and etch- ings. Gustav Goetsch. Portraits. etchings. and landscapes, lnstructor at School of Fine Arts. Alexandra Korsohou Golstan Batik. Painting. tlules Guerin: Illustrator. Painter. Painted decorations in Lincoln Me- morial. Washington, D. C. Nancy Coonsman Hahn. Sculptor, She did the Missouri War Memorial that stands in Cheppy. France. Her interest in sculpture began in Frederick Oaks Sylvester's class at Central. She is very fond of sculpturing children. Walktfr Hancock. Distinguished sculptor. He is an instructor in Penn- sylvania Academy of Fine Arts. He won the Prix de Rome in 1925 in sculpture. He is a graduate of Central. Chester Harding. Deceased, 1792- 1866. Portrait painting. Brought up on the frontier in the western New York wilderness. We find him in early manhood a giant in strength and size. a peddler, a chairmaker. and tavern keeper by turns, too ignorant to know his own possibilities. until at last he was fortunate enough to see some heads painted by a traveling craftsman. His imagination was Hred at once. He at- tacked the great difficulties attending the study and practice of art in those days with true pioneer enthusiasm. His first portrait was of his wife and was painted on a pine board with sign paints. His talent was genuine. however. and his unflagging zeal led him at last over the ocean to study in London. In the bey- day of his popularity in Boston even the great Gilbert Stuart was neglected. He had a studio in St. Louis and painted the portrait of many St. Louisans. Paul Harney. 1850-1915. Portraits and poultry sketches. Matthew Hasings. 1830-1919. De- ceased. Painter. Some of his sketches of early St. Louis are in the Jefferson Memorial. Florence Hazeltine. Painter. Art Instructor at Soldan High School in St. Louis. Florence French Holm. Pottery. In- structor in the School of Fine Arts. Victor Holm. Sculptor. He is a teacher at the St. Louis School of Pine Arts. He is represented in the Barnes Hospital and Art Museum. Harrie! Hosmer. 1831-1908. De- ceased. She was fond of modeling figures of mirth. Her Puck is fa- mous. Her career was a stimulus to many people. ll'illiczm Henry Howe. 1846-1929. Deceased. Painter. Received many medals in American and European ex- hibitions. Halsey C. Ives. 18-17-191 1. De- ceased. He was a landscape painter, He also taught in St. l.ouis and became Director of the Museum ol Fine Arts. A tablet was erected in the St. Louis Art Museum for Mr. Ives. He was one who helped to create the Art School and the Art Museum of St. Louis. Dorothy Jennings. Sculptor. Joseph Jones. Painter. Henrietta Ord Jones. Pottery. Takuma Kajitc'ara. Portrait painter. Photographer. Robert Kissaek. Painter. Repre- sented in Missouri Capitol. lformerly Supervisor of Fine and Manual Arts in St. l.ouis Public Schools. Gisella Loefller. She decorated the Johnson Rand operating room in Barnes Hospital with fairyland ngures and children at play. Agnes Lodtuiclt. Landscapes. Miss I.odwick is now teaching art in the Central High School. Scolt lWacNutt. Portrait painter. W. L. Marple. Deceased. One of the earlier painters. 1Villiam Matthews. 1821-1905. De- ceased. Portrait painter. Cornelia Maury. Etcher and painter. Mary McColl. l.andscapes. J. R. Meeker. 1827-1889, De- ceased. Landscape painter. He shown special interest in Southern swamp scenes. 1-'rank Nuderscher. Painter. Repre- sented in the Capitol at Jefferson City. Richard Miller. He clid his first work in St. Louis as an artist on the staff of the Post-Dispatch in 1901. Xlost of his paintings are of women in old-fashioned gowns. He is represented fn Jefferson City by his panels in the Senate Chamber: also by some pictures in the possession of the King of Eng- land and in the St. Louis Art Museum. Europe knows Richard Miller's work almost as well as does this country. His paintings hang in Venice and in Rome: in the Luxembourg and the Musee de Petit Palais: in Liege and Ant- werp and the Royal Museum of Chris- tiana. Norway. One of his canvases is in the private collection of the King of Italy. He had done between 50 and 60 portraits of prominent St. Louisans. His best effort is found in creation of figures and sunlight interiors. He does landscapes and portraits. Tenasco Milouich. Painter. Caroline Risque. Mrs. Julian Janis. Sculpture. Her favorite subject is chil- dren. She is represented in St. l.ouis Art Museum. Former student of Cen- tral High. Charles IW. Russell. 1865-1926. Deceased. Painter of western scenes. Holmes Smith. He specializes in water color. He is a professor of His- tory of Art in Washington University. Wallace Herndon Smith. Landscape and figure painter Fredrick la. Stoddard. The pictures above the stage in the auditorium of our building were painted by Stoddard. Some of his murals are in the City Hall and McKinley High School. He is rep- resented in other buildings of St. Louis, Fredrick Oaltes Stfluesfer. 1869- 1815. Deceased. He was a mitral and landscape painter. He was an art teacher at Central High E. Oscar Thalinger. Landscapes. Florence Versteea. Painter of still life. J. J. Vorst, Came recently from Germany. Portraits. Maru Powell. Organized the Art Department of the Public Library. and the Educational Department of the Art Museum. compiled a bulletin of Public Art in St. l.ouis which has been an in- valuable aid in preparing the itineraries suggested below. Lecturer to Central's Art Appreciation Club. Among the more recent collectors of art in St. Louis should be mentioned: James F. Ballard. Deceased. 1851- 19l1. He possessed the most valuable collection of oriental rugs in the United States. He willed the larger part to the Metropolitan Museum in New York. His gift to the St. Louis Art Museum of about seventy rugs forms one of the finest collections of Asla Minor rugs in America. lllilliam K. Bixby. Deceased. 1857- l93l. A very generous friend of art 1 in St. Louis. He was the first sponsor of the St. l.ouis Art Museum: Presi- dent of the Board of Control of the Art Museum: the donor of the present building of the School of Pine Arts: a liberal contributor to the Artists Guild: a member of the Commission to deco- rate the Missouri State Capitol. He made many gifts to the Art Museum. The Bixby Collection of paintings was famous. He had a remarkably fine col- lection of Oriental paintings and objects. Guy Blackmer. Chinese objects. Dr. Malvern B. Cloplon. Prints. Lionherger Davis. Prints. Samuel C. Davis. Paintings and one the finest collections of Chinese Jades America. E. A. Faust. Paintings exhibited at the Art Museum. of in Dr. Max 1-1. Goldstein. Drawings. Practically every great name in art from the time of Michel Angelo down to the present time is represented. Hugs Koehler. Blue and white en- amels. Edward Mallimhrotlt. Paintings. lVarner McCall. Paintings and ob- jects. Charles Nagel. Paintings. Prints. One of the best collections of prints by Anders Zorn. Horace Stuope. Prints. Carl Gustav 1fValdeck. 1886-1930. Deceased. Portrait painter. He estab- lished a studio in St. Louis in 1887. Eloise Long lfllells. Etcher. painter, and charcoal worker. Carl W'imar. 1828-1861. Deceased. His family imigrated to St, l.ouis from Germany when he was a boy. Their home was on the outskirts of the town near the favorite camping ground of the Indians. that being the spot where the Public Library now stands. He came to know the Indians intimately. NVimar specialized in west- ern and Indian scenes. He is said to have been the nrst to appreciate and worthily utilize pictorially the Indians and the buffalo. The productions of few American paintings possess so great an ethnological interest as his. He painted the pictures in the old Court House. Edmund H. lVuerpel. He is a St. l.ouis painter and instructor. He is head of the School of Fine Arts. Mr. Wuerpel is nationally known for his landscapes and mural decorations. He is represented in St. l.ouis Art Museum, other galleries. and the Bixby collection. George Julian Zolnay. Noted sculp- tor. Still living. He was president of the St. Louis Guild. Also an in- structor at St. l.ouis School of Iiine Arts. His gigantic Lion and Tiger SLIFITIOUYII the gates of University City. One Hundred and Thirty-three MUSIC HAT1-I CHARMS This article and list were jointly compiled by Florence Lewin, '33, Josephine Yates, '34, .intl Tlieltua 'I'.iv1or,'3-1. Readers are renmitletl that the list is students' work lor the information ot students. and that it makes no pretense to a jierlect selection. ln general. the musicians listed have been composers. Unless the wortl tlt-wus.-tl or the birth and death dates are given, the musician. as far as could be ascertained. is still living, Have you any idea, fellow students, of the galaxy of great musicians who. from time to time. have graced your city? During the last century St. Louis has seen artists of the highest degree rise to fame and greatness. To do justice to their genius and talents, would re- quire volttmes: so. for lack of space, we are unable to give more than a glance over the golden years of music's progress. Imagine, modern reader. your city in 1830, At that time. the sturdy American pioneer had little time to fol- low any of the Gner arts, but the gay. vtvaciotts, pleasure-loving lirench. who formed an important part of St. 1.ouis's population, were not so engrossed with fur-trading that they did not have time to cultivate the common language of all nations, The Germans. who hailed frotn the land of the Rhine, which had seen Beethoven, Handel, and Bach rise to fame. were an important element in St. Louis. but at first proved a dis- appointment to visiting musicians. who expected great things of people who came of a race famed for their musical ability. When William Robyn came to St. Louis. in 1837. with high expec- tations, he was doomed to disappoint- ment, Picture to yourself the spectacle of Judge Primm. who had no knowledge of German, conversing with Robyn through the medium of music. the uni- versal and dearly beloved language of all nations. ln this connection it will be interesting to the older readers of these pages to recall that Judge 19rimm's daughter married the older Poepping, father of Noel Poepping of the Sym- phony Orchestra. thus uniting two musical families whose latest scion is Henri Doering, etninent pianist. One of the scions of St. 1.ouis's musical activities was Charles Balmer, who. in 1839. established the first orchestra in St. Louis. Charles Balmer was the first of a long line of distingu- ished St. Louis musicians. who were to be the leaders of Art's most noble science. When the nation was steeped in grief hecattse of the assassination of the great Emancipator. it was he who conducted the musical services. Let us now go to the meeting of the Polyhymnia. where, in 1845. we land ardent young musicians. potential geniuses. striving earnestly to give the music-hungry St, Louisans, hyacinths for their souls. To leave the classical music for the nonce. let us march to the tune of the stirring military music of the Knight Templar band. organized in 185-1 by Frank Boehm. 1ts splendid renditions of selected martial airs, caused the judges at Baltimore to award it first prize in a contest where forty brass bands participated. Now. while we are on the subject of tnartial music. let us take an imaginary trip to Lafayette Park, where we End large crowd congregated to hear the band concert given by August Waldauer and Ben Vogel. Let us leave the subject of band music. which. however stirring, must be omitted for lack of space. Vocal music is of such importance. that it cannot. under any circumstances. be treated casually. The Philharmonic So- ciety, composed of a mixed chorus, was soon noted for the high quality of its musical offerings. Such noteworthy musicians as Edward Sobolewsky. Aug- ust Walhauer. Charles Balmer, and Eg- mondt Froehlich were the directors of this organization. but it died a natural death from lack of funds. The next step in the right direction was taken by Waldauer and Carr, in the establishment of the Musical Union Orchestra. in 1879, which proved a tremendous success from its initial ap- pearance. This orchestra, merging with the St. Louis Choral Society, formed the St.Louis Symphony Orchestra. The Symphony Orchestra has been directed by a succession of excellent musicians, many of whom have achieved eminence. We give their names here in the order in which they followed one another: Joseph Otten. 1880-1894: Alfred Ernst. 189-l-1907: Max Zach, 1907- 19215 Frederick Fischer. Rudolph Ganz. Theodore Spiering. Dirk Foch, HST. LoUts's ARTISTS oil THE Atta t.Xb As you listen to the golden voices of Radio entertainers coming to you over the air, how many of them do you know who might have been your next- door neighbors? lfor most of the radio One Hundred and Thtrltf-fottr' artists were boys and girls just like you. who went to school, studied in a more or less earnest fashion. with no exceptional genius or extraordinary gift or ability. except a Hair for singing, or 1921: Rudolph Ganz. 19.21-1917: Emil Oberhoffer. Willem Van Hoog- straten. Eugene Goossens. Bernardino Molinari. Carl Schuricht. Sandor Har- mati, 1927-1918: Emil Oberhoffer. Barnardino Molinari. E Fernandez Argos. Eugene Goossens. 1928-1919: E Fernandez Arbos. Barnardino Moli- nari. Georg Szell. Eugene Goossens. 1919-1930: E Fernandez Arbos. Vladimir Golschmann. Georg Szell, 1930-1931: Frederick Fischer. Assist- ant Conductor of the Orchestra for 4-1 years. died on April 17. 1931. Vladi- mir Golschmann. Conductor Scipione Guidi. Assistant Conductor. 1931-to the present. The Symphony has had a fiourishing existence. and whether it will continue is a current question. depending upon whether or not it will receive sufficient financial support in the ticket sale for the coming season, ln choral music we find St. Louis advancing steadily, from the founding of the St. Louis Oratorio Society, and the St. Louis Quintette Club. The Morning Choral Club, The Apollo Club, and the Morning Etude. Joseph Otten did more for the oratorio in early St. Louis than any other musician. St. Louis has seen operas of no in- considerable note. among which have been Martha. by Flotow, in 186-l. and Norma, in 1878. The St. Louis Amateur Opera. was the forerunner of our Municipal Opera. which today holds a dominant position in Operetta production in America. Teachers and Students who were associated with Central in the early years of 1900 will remember the fol- lowing students lduring the time of Mr. Bryan's principalshipl who have risen to fame in the musical world: Marion Telva, Grand Opera: Robert Johnson. professional accompanyist: Myrna Sharlow. Grand Opera: Claire Rivers, professional accompanisti Marv McCaus1and tCasloval. violinist: Birdie Hilb, singer and pianist tnow teaching in Rooseveltlt The Goldstein Sisters tthe Knapp Sistersl, instrumentalists: Gladys Gooding. organist and vocalist. stract of an article lrom the Sunday fiftnlxi' IJ.-motrull elocution. Since the radio has become such an important factor in our eco- nomic and social life, it is interesting to note the St. Louisans who have risen to fame through the radio: people. who one day are unknown. insignincant. would-be musicians. and the next. are famous. all because they had something to offer which the public wanted. Jeannie Lang. now with Colonel Stoopnagel and Bud. was originally Genie Wyrick. and because she could sing. she would occasionally step out of the ranks. and sing the chorus of a popular song. This was when Brooke Johns was master of ceremonies at the Missouri Theater. and Jeannie was one of the Rockets. Later. she appeared with Paul Whiteman in a motion pic- ture. and from that time. rose steadily upward. Then. to come to another artist. of considerable merit. let us mention Gene Rodemich. When he played the piano at the old Grand Central Theater. he played entirely by ear. but being a Peter Gottlieb Anton. 1819-1896. composer. organist at Church of the Messiah. Conducted Arion and Soclaler choral societies. Peter Gottlieb Anton. Jr.. cellist in the St. Louis Symphony orchestra. Max Ballman, 1861. deceased. vocal teacher. composer. Charles Balmer. 1817-1892. pianist. composer. and publisher. founded the St. Louis Oratorio Society. He was organist at Christ Church for 46 years. His wife, Mrs. Theresa Weber Balmer. 1820-1904. a noteworthy musician. herself. gave numerous concert appear- ances. as soprano soloist and pianist. Mrs. Anna Craig Bates. born 1881. taught voice. piano. and normal work. in St. Louis. and found time to make frequent concert appearances. Hubert Theodore Bauersachs, born 1882. in St. Louis. is a composer as well as a violinist of considerable merit. He is a resident of St. Louis. Bernhard August Bode. 1817-1871. was a pianist. composer. and teacher. He was a soloist with the Philharmonic Orchestra. Henry Bollman. 1815-1918. was a composer as well as publisher. He founded the publishing business in St. Louis in 1864. Kate Jones Brainard, 1815-1918. came to St. Louis in 1865 and estab- lished herself as vocal teacher and church singer. For 21 years she was Director of Music at Mary Institute. George Buddeus. born 1870. came to St. Louis in 1897. was soloist with the St. Louis Choral-Sympmony Or- chestra. in 1898. and later. was soloist with the St. Louis Symphony Orchestra in 1910. 1912. and 1917. Hurry R. Burke. born 1885. jour- nalist. music critic. and author. was natural musician. his compositions. Easy Melody. Dreams Come True. and Sweethearts. were instantaneous suc- cesses. He. too. rose to the top by reason of his extraordinary musical ability. Space does not permit us to tell of all the native sons and daughters of St. Louis who succeded in the Held of music. via the radio. but. brief1y. we may mention a few more. lrene Taylor. soloist with Patil Whiteman. hails from Cape Girardeau. Missouri. but is closely allied with St. l.ouis. She sang over KMOX. and later went to Chicago. and then to New York. where she replaced Mildred Bailey. a Whiteman soloist. Jane Froman thought her talents lay in the literary field. and started out to be a journalist. but her voice. winning her a place in radio. we now find her ST. Louis MUSICIANS music critic of St. Louis Times. and author of From the Days Journey. Rosalie Balmer Smith Cale. born 1875. is a pianist and composer. She taught in St. Louis over 30 years. and was with Principia school for 16 years. Mrs. Regina Muller Carlin. was music supervisor of St. Louis Public Schools for about 15 years. She was an organist. mezzo-soprano. music super- visor. and composer. Edward L. Coburn. 1862-1920. composer. St. Louis Public School Supervisor of Music. 1906 to death. Richard E. Condon. violinist and composer. was a member of the St. Louis Symphony Orchestra for 10 years. and taught at the Strassberger Conservatory of Music. Louis Conrath. 1868. violinist and composer. was the head of the Piano Department of Strassbergers Conserva- tory of Music for 10 years. Resident of St. Louis 1888 to date. Lucille Cook. 1902. pianist and composer. was a teacher of piano at Ottmar Moll Piano School from 1921 to date. Arthuh J. Davis. organist. composer. Music Supervisor St. Louis Public Schools. 1920-1922. Horace P. Diblnle. vocal teacher. taught at Strassbergers Conservatory of Music. A resident of St. Louis 189-1- 1 908. 1Villiam T. Diebels. organist. con- ductor. and composer was the organist of our New Catholic Cathedral. Eugenie Dussuchal. 1860- 1 9 1 2. zupervisor and writer. was teacher in the St. 1.ouis Public Schools 1900. Victor Ehling. 1852. pianist and writer. founded Ehling and Conrath College of Music. 1894. l co-starred with Ruth litting and Bing Crosby. Robert Simmons. Therese Marie Wittler. Walter Haenschen. Allen Pres- cott. Rudolph Gruen. and Oliver Smith are a few among many other St. Louisans who have found their work in entertaining the thousands listening in. Altogether. we see that St. Louis has done her part in contributing to radio's value. Thus we see a constantly changing panorama of music's progress in St. Louis. and may point with pride to the accomplishments of St. Louis musi- cians. who from the earliest date of our city's growth. have been striving for perfection in the art which from time immemorial has been the inspiration. the motive force. the background. of civilized nations the world over. George Enzinyer. 1859. pianist. or- ganist. and writer. is a resident of St. Louis and a teacher of piano and organ at Strassbergers Conservatory of Music. Abraham Epstein. 1859- l 9 1 1. a pianist. organist. and composer. XVas a soloist with the St. Louis Choral- Symphony Orchestra and also a director of the St. Louis Amateur Orchestra for several years. His two brothers. Her- man and Marcus. were also pianists and teachers of music. Alfred Ernst, 1868-1916. a pianist. conductor. and composer. was the con- ductor of the St. Louis Choral-Sym- phony Orchestra and Chorus. Teresa M. Finn. a supervisor and writer. was the Assistant Supervisor of Music in thc St. Louis Public Schools for twenty-four years. She founded the Dulcimer Club in Central. She has been leader of the Soldan High School Or- chestra for twenty years. She is now at Soldan High School. Freclericlz Fischer. 1868-1931. a bassoonist. conductor. and composer. was the assistant conductor of the St. Louis Symphony Orchestra for -H years. Egmont Froelich. 1845-1924. Di- rector of Liederkranz. Instructor of Music in Central. and later Music Supervisor of St. l.ouis Schools. Charles Galloway. 1871-1911. was organist. theorist. and composer. XVas the conductor of both the Apollo Club and the Morning Choral Club. and Director of the Washington University Glee Club. He is succeeded as Director of the Vllashington University Glee Club by Mr. Clay Ballew. Arthur J. Gaines. Manager St. Louis Symphony Orchestra. Jessie Gaynor. 1861-1921. pianist. educator. and composer. was prominent One Hundred and Thirty-Hue for years in the National Educational Association and was among the first few who brought the study of music into regular school work. ln this con- nection we must mention Dorothy Gaynor Blake. daughter of Jessie Gay- nor. who bids fair to be one of St. Louis's most important musicians of the future. lfrank Geeks. Jr.. 1865. a violinist. conductor, and writer. is the president of the Musicians' Mutual Benellt Asso- ciation of St. Louis. Michael Gtlstrm. 1842-1007. organ- ist and composer. taught music in the St. l.ottis Parochial Schools for many years. Robert fiolrllteelt. 1830-1008. pian- ist. composer. and writer. lfounded the St. 1.ouis College ol' Music in 1880. Max Golrschalh. 1876. pianist, violinist. and composer. was a member of the St. 1.ouis Symphony Orchestra from 1008 until 1018. Rudolph Gruen. 1000. pianist. com- poser. accompanist for Paul Althouse and Arthur Middleton. lfuffene Hahnel. 1881. a violinist. supervisor. and writer. was the music supervisor at McKinley High School. He is now the Supervisor ol' Music of the St. Louis Public Schools. lvlllll-11171 CI. Hall. 1867-1031. vocal teacher. organist. supervisor. and com- poser. was a music instructor at Soldan High School. A Lotus llammer.slet'n, 1856- 1 01 8. a pianist. organist. and editor. taught at Sacred Heart Academy between 1881- 100-. l'el1'.v lletnk. 1861 -1 03 1. pianist. composer. 1111712177118 lltflaml. 1861 -1012. a pianist and an editor. was the director ol the St. Lottis Conservatory of Music trom l01- to his death. flrlhur Johnstone. 1860. theorist. ctlttor. and composer. was the lfxectttive ltlttor ol the Art llttblication Society in St. Louis. lltmler Jones. 1801. pianist. organ- tsl. and composer. is the organist at St. Michael and All Saints' Church. John Jacob Kessltr. 100-1. pianist. composer. Carl Kern. 187-1. a pianist. theorist. editor. and composer. has been a Teacher of Theory at Ottmar Mall l3iana School since 1023. John Kteselhorst. 18-1-1-l805.a patio dealer. fltttist. and composer founded the Kieselhorst Piano Co. in 1870. l.att'rente Kotthofl, 1867- l 020. an organist. composer. and writer. was the organist at the Holy Trinity Church trom 1885 to his death. Une Httmlretl untl ilil7lFl1l'AI.X' 1 t I t Ernest Richard Krueger. 1862. son of Adolph Ernest Kroeger. musician. A pianist. organist. composer. and writer has been the director of the Kroeger School of Music since 1004. Charles Kunkel, 1840-1023. a pianist. composer. editor. and publ sher. founded the St. Louis Conservatory of Music in 1842 and continued it for several years. Son, Charles Jacob Ktmkel and brother. Jacob. were both eminent musicians. Jacquenole Lllf7ll'FL't.', 1885. pianist. organist. harpest. and composer. is the organist at the St. Paul Methodist Church. lVt'lhelm l.llf1tIt'. 1862- 1 024. pianist. conductor. writer. Ifllls lava. 1880. violinist and com- poser. has been a member of the St. Louis Symphony Orchestra since 1010. Victor Lt'c'hlensIet'n. 1872. a vlol n- ist. conductor. and writer. was a mem- ber ofthe St. l.ouis Symphony Orches- tra from 1000 to 1010. flrlhur Ltelzer. 1873. pianist. organ- ist. composer. lllaldcmar Malmene. 1836-1006. a pianist. theorist. composer. and writer in 1800. was the Director of Music at the Missouri lnstitttte for the Blind. l,ULl1S11fltlLlE'l', 1807. cellist and com- poser. was the conductor of the St. Lottis Grand Orchestra. Ecltutn Mclnlure. 1872. organist and composer. was for a while the organist of the Second Baptist Church of St. Louis. Lt-opolu' cle Meyer. pianist. l.eo C. Miller. 1885. pianist. con- ductor. lecturer. of Miller Music Studios. Otcwn lxllllltf. 1850-1010. a trom- bonist and editor. was a member of the St. l.ottis Musical Union Orchestra. Rohtrl Miller. 1880. a pianist and composer is the School of Music. director of the Miller Ottmar Moll. poser. Director School. 1877. pianist. com- Ottmar Moll Piano Homer Moore. 1863. vocal teacher. riter. was the manager composer. and w of the St. 1.ottis Choral-Symphony So- ciety from 1800-1000. Paul Mort. 1863-100-1. pianist. organist. and composer. was the musical director of the'Y. M. C. A. and con- ducted the St. l.ouis Amateur Orchestra for several years. Jamts North, 1835- 1 0 1 2. vojal teacher and composer. came to St. 1.ouis in 1863 and taught music in the public schools for three years. 1 t 1 l t Anna Nussbaum, 1887. a pianist and composer. has composed several operettas. one of them The Wings . Hugo Ollz. a violinist and composer. was for ten years a soloist of the St. 1.ouis Symphony Orchestra. He is now a teacher of the violin here in St. Louis. Joseph Often. 1852.an organist, cori- ductor. and writer. organized and con- ducted the St. Louis Philharmonic Society from 1805 till 1000. Guido Parisi, 1860. a violinist and composer. was a soloist with the St. 1.ouis Musical Union Orchestra. 1Vi'llr'am Parson. a pianist and com- poser. has been the chorus master and Assistant Musical Director of the St. Louis Municipal Orchestra since 1010. Noel l oeppz'nq. 186-1. a basoonist. conductor. and composer. was a member of the St. 1.ouis Choral-Symphony Orchestra from 1000-1007 and is now a member ot' our Symphony Orchestra. lVt'll1am Pommer. 1851. a pianist. conductor. and composer. was the Music Supervisor of the St. 1.ouis Pub- lic Schools from 1000 until 1006. Rtchurtl Ropperz, 1830-1012. and organist. conductor. and composer. was an organist in several St.l.ouis churches and for a while the conductor of the Henry Shaw Musical Society. James Quarles. 1877. an organist and composer. was the conductor of the Sr. Louis Choral Art Society from 1007 until 1010. Louis Reiter. 1860. a pianist. violin- ist. conductor. and composer. is the Director of the St. 1.ouis Retter Con- servatory of Music. flloustius Rhode. 1880-1022. an organist. conductor. and composer. was the conductor of The Knights of Co- lumbtts Choral Club and was also an instructor at the St. Louis University. fllfrecl Robun. 1860. pianist, organ- ist. conductor. and composer. at a very early age was the organist at Temple lsrael and for a while was the pianist of the Beethoven Trio Clttb. He now is a resident of New York. Henrtf Robtm. 1830-1878. pianist. cellist. composer. Instructor in Mttsic in St. Lottis Public Schools. lV1lltam Rohtfn. 181-1-1005. played twenty-two different instruments. and was the organiver of the St. Lottis l.3rafZs Band in 1830. Nathan Sucks. 1870. a pianist. and composer. teaches music in St. l.ouis and is the Director of the Sacks School of Music. Freclericlz Srhtlltnger. 1856. studied with father. Charles Schtlllnger. A violinist. pianist. and composer. was a member of the St. 1.ouis Symphony Orchestra for 8 years. 1008-1016. Isaac Schoen, 1858. a violinist and conductor, is a teacher of the violin at the Kroeger School of Music. William Schuyler, 1855-1914, an educator. writer, composer, was the Principal of McKinley High School from 1913 until his death. Mrs Rosalie Smilh, 1849, a pianist and choir singer, was Director of Music at the Kingshighway Presbyterian Church for 10 years. Eduard de Soholewski, 1808-1872, conductor, composer, writer. Richard Spamer, 1856, a journalist. editor, music and drama critic, is the music and drama critic for the St.Louis Globe-Democrat. Theodore Spiering, 1871, conduc- tor. composer, now of New York. Ernesl Prang Stamm, 1885, pianist, organist, composer, teacher of musicl in Beaumont High School. Max Steindel, violonccllist and com- poser, is the first ccllist in the St. Louis Symphony Orchestra. Carl Strassberger, 1859-1919, es- tablished in 1892 the Strassberger Musical Institute which ,s now lamous as the Strassberger Conservatory of Music. Carl Tholl, has played the viola in the Symphony Orchestra for many years. Oswald Thumscr, 1863, has been a member of the St. Louis Symphony Orchestra since 1907. Paul Tietjens, 1877+ has a:h'eved eminence by the composition of operas. John Towers, 1836-1922. organist. vocal teacher, conductor, composer. and writer, was a Director of the Vocal Department of Forest Park College and of Kroeger School of Music. August Wauldauer, 1826-1900, violinist, conductor, composer, and writer was the conductor of the St. Louis Musical Union Orchestra from 1881-1890. Ludouic Ernest Walker, 1877, a pianist and composer, has taught in the Kroeger School of Music since 1903. ' Glenn Woods, 1875, now of the Oakland, California schools, was Music Supervisor in St. Louis, 1909- 1913. Organist, composer, conductor of note. Max Zach, 1864-1921, was the conductor of the St. Louis Symphony Orchestra from 1907 until his death. Ernest C. Krohn, 1888, a pianist, composcr, and wrtcr is the editor of Century of Missouri Music. i XVater-color Sketch by Bernice Gierer One Hundred and Thirty-seven The literary art in St. l.ottis did not begin to flourish until after the Civil War, There had been but few books published and most of them drew only a slight degree of local attention, But after the Civil XVar. when the city had acquired wealth and leisure. and when the cttltttral influence of the Teutonic immigrants began to be felt. St. Louis began to gain a national reputation for her interest in the arts and was de- scribed in a Boston newspaper as being a literary oasis in the west. Her greatest contribtttion to litera- lllff has been in poetry. She has pro- duced three native St. l.ouisans who are outstanding poets and whose poems are destined to live for many genera- tions. These three are Eugene Field. Sara Teasdale. and T. S. Eliot. St. Louis has fostered innumerable novelists. bttt few seem to survive their own generation or life span. Some were the sensation of their day and hailed as geniuses by the critics. But Time the most discerning. the severest critic of them all. decreed otherwise and their books vanished from library shelves a few years after publication, The writers who appear in the fol- lowing list have in some way been connected with St. Louis. These names were chosen by l.arry Weir from an original list he made of over 500 writers. Adult readers are asked not to he over critical. The list was made for the information of fellow students by a student. and he realiles that with his inexperience it would be impossible for him to make a list that would be properly selective. Unless the word tleeeusetl or a death date is given after the name, the author. as far as could be ascertained. is still living. Mzss Zoe Aktns. born l886. author. poet. and playwright. began her writing by contributing to Reedtfs Mirror, Best known for her productions on the modern stage. At one time. four of her plays were being presented on Broadway simultaneously. among them being IDI-cIus.see. in which lithel Barry- more was starring. Author of The Greeks had a NVord for lt, Declussee. The Wandering Shepherd. Papa. Mrs, XV. I.. G, 13. Allen. play- wright. whose works were very poptt- lar during the middle of the nineteenth century and were given extensively in the Middle NVest and South. and were still occasionally seen at the turn of the century. Among her most successful plays were llearts. lioresters. Keramics. and the Cattle King. Irene Temple Hufletf. modern author of light. romantic hction. All of her hooks have been very successful. She One Ilundred and Thrrltf-eight r l t l ST. LOU IS AUTHORS The years between l897 and l9l2 have been called the Golden Age in Literature in St. Louis. During this period there were over fifteen promi- nent authors contributing to the lead- ing magazines of the country and pub- lishing books regttlarly. Several of them had an international reputation. Among these writers were Charles Eg- bert Craddock. Kate Chopin. XVinston Churchill, Henry Blossom. Mrs. Shep- pard Stevens. Stanley Waterloo. Louis How. James K. Hosmer. Mrs. R. H. Davis. Clarence King. Mary Dillion. Edgar R, Beach. John Carter Henton. Fannie Isabelle Sherrick, and Charles Summer. All were more than moder- ately successful. yet the only one whose popularity has been sustained through the years has been Winston Chttrchill. Quite a number of the modern ftc- tion writers of St. Louis graduated from Central. Many of them were influenced and encouraged by Harry C. Schweikert. compiler and literary critic. one of Central's most beloved teachers of English. Among the short story writers and novelists who went to resided in St, Louis for several years ind was a member of the Society of St. Louis Authors. Author of Glory of Youth. Judy. Dim Lantern. Peacock Feather. The Tin Soldier. The Gay Cockade. Contrary Mary, The Blue Window. J. N. Haskell. born lil-19. novelist. naturalist. and historian. Attthor of As the Light l.ed. At You-all's Hottse, Sweet Briar and Thistle Down. Story of Birds, Dr. W1llf1iUl77 Beattmonl. l706-l85'r. physician and author. First doctor to obtain gastric juice and examine its properties. l5irst doctor to watch the process of digestion and make experi- ments regarding the digestibility of dif- ferent kinds of foods on the stomach. Beaumont High School is named after him. Paul BCl'kl,L'1-Ih. l848-1907, his- torian and genealogical expert on the Creole race in St. Louis. Author of Creoles of St. l.ouis. The Military Services of St. Louis Creoles and their Descendants. The Beckwiths. Thornus Hur! Benton, l78Z-l858. Missouri senator of national fame as an orator and debater. served in the senate for thirty years. was a colleague of Webster. Calhoun. and Clay. Author of Thirty Years' View of the American Senate. Abridgement of the Debates of Congress, Luther Lee Bernard. born l88l. nationally known sociologist and pro- fessor at Waslmingtcan University. Au- Central are Jay Geller. liannie Hurst, Ralph Mooney. and Shirley Seifert. Many St. l.ouisans have been inter- ested in art and philosophy, but the most famous of these were the coterie who formed the Society of Speculative Philosophy and were disciples of Hegel. The Society and their organ. the Journal of Specttlutrtw Science were internationally known in scholastic circles. Their efforts were brilliant enough to justify the visits of Ralph Waldo Emerson. S. Bronson Alcott. Mrs. Julia Ward Howe to lecture be- fore them. This was in the sixties and seventies when St. Louis imagined sh-3 was going to be the future great city of the world. another Athens. gov- erned by philosophers. many of whom were members of the Society. Limited space will permit only the relation of arid facts. but the history of literature in St. Louis is more ro- mantic. more tragic, more hlled with more pulsing adventures. whimsical humor. and dominating personalities than any novel penned by one of its own authors. thor of An Introduction to Psychology, Dr. A. C. Bernays. I854-l0lZ. He was St. Louis's most famous surgeon during his lifetime. held innumerable medical records and honors. Author of Golden Rules of Surgery. lfredertck L. Btlllon. l80l-l895. historian. politician, and railroad ex- ecutive. Spent last thirty years of life collecting historical matter pertaining to the early settlement of St. Louis, Author of Annals of St. Louis. Annals of St. Louis in its Territorial Days from 1804-1812. Henry M. Blossom. I866. Deceased. Native St. Louisan. educated at Smith Academy. author and musical comedy writer. ln the nineties his novels were very popttlar. He wrote the librettoes for several of Victor Herbert's Oper- ettas. Heinrich lioernstetn. political reftt- gee from Germany. For years was a conspicuous figure and political leader in St. l.ouis. Author of Mysteries of St, l-ouis, Letc't's V. Bogty. Jr.. born l86l. His novels. in latter half of nineties. reveal- ing the graft and corruption in XVash- ington. pttt the capitol in an uproar, His first novel sold 500.000 issttes, Author of ln Office: a Story of NVash- ington Life and Society, Arthur E. Bosluxtich. born l860. chief librarian of St. l.ouis Public Libraries since 1900. He is a recog- nized authority on all subjects relating to library economy and librarianship. Jacob L. Bowman. 18-12-1868. a young journalist from Chicago who kept St. Louis in a humorous uproar during the sixties with his sketches and verses in the Sunday papers. He changed his name to Hans Patrick Le. Connor. explaining that he was one- half Irish and a quarter French and German. He finally went insane and became a butt for laughter. Author of You and Me: sketches of both of us. Anne C. Bracken. 1848. Author of The Education of American Girls 1 1 8741 . Frederick Hazlitt Brennan, modern short-story writer. former reporter on the St. Louis Post-Dispatch, con- tributes to all the leading magazines. Author of God Got One Vote 119271. Pie in the Sky 119321. Monsignor Marlin S. Brennan. born 18-15. nationally known author of astronomy. Many of his books are used as texts in colleges, universities. and high schools. Author of Astron- omy New and Old. Electricity and Its Discoveries. What Catholics Have Done for Science. William M. Bryant. born 1843, educator and philosopher. attracted to St. Louis by Dr. Harris in 1873. He was principal of various public schools from his arrival till 1881. when he accepted a position to teach elective classes in ethics and psychology at St. Louis High Schools. where his classes. increased from fourteen to one hundred and Hfty. James lV. Buell. author of border stories of the West. and miscellaneous writer. Author of Border Bandits: history of the James brothers 118921 1 Columbus and the New World 118921: Legends of the Ozarks 1 1 8801 . Leila Hardin Baan. Author of Little Book of Wisdom: TheMayor 119101 : The Prodigals Daughter. and other tales 118981. lVilliam Vincent Byars. born 1857. began journalistic career in 1877 on the city staff of the St. Louis Times. He was connected with newspaper work on the Chronicle, Globe-Democrat. St. Louis Republican. He is equally at home in prose and poetry. writinfz excellently in each. Author of An American Commoner. Babble of Green Fields. Isle of Dreams, Tannhauser: a mystery. Lucien Carr. born 1851. naturalist. who. while living in St. Louis wrote his books. Author of Mounds of the Mississippi Valley. Prehistoric Remains of Kentucky. John Henton Carter. journalist. author. poet. Very popular in St. Louis in the eighties and nineties. Known about town as Commodore Rollingpin. He has written several books of verses and novels. Author of Log of Commodore Rollingpin. Ozark Post Office. Duck Creek Ballads. Mis- sissippi Argonauts. Prof. William Chauuenet. 1820- 1870. mathematician and educator. chosen chancellor of Washington U. in 1862. 1-lad refused professorships at Yale College. Author of Binomial Theorem and Logarithms. Treatise on Plane and Spherical Trigonometry. Miss Kate Chopin. born 1851. native St. Louisan and author of novels and books of short stories of Creoles of New Orleans. She handled their d.alect with great facility. Author of At Fault. A Night in Acadie. Bayou Folks. No Account Creole. .Augusle Chouteau. 1750-1829. founder of St. Louis with Laclede. Author of The Narrative of the Settle- ment of St. Louis. The journal was originally written in French and never printed. In 1858 the Mercantile Li- brary translated and published it. Percival Chubb. born 1860. ethical leader of St. Louis and educator. Author of many ethical addresses. pamphlets and articles. Author of Festivals and Plays in School and Else- where 1l9l21. Parsifal and the Quest of the Holy Grail 119031. Ruskin's Message to Our Time. Travels at Home. WIUHSIKJH Churchill, born 1871. Born and educated in St. Louis. Au- thor of historical and present-day novels Also author of several o ular 1 A P iv stage successes. Author of The Celeb- rity. Coniston. The Crossing. The Crisis. A Far Country. The Inside of the Cup. Richard Carvel. Bennet Clark. present United States senator from Missouri and son of Champ Clark. former Speaker of the House. Author of John Quincy Adams. Old Man Eloquentf' James G. Clark. Author of History of William Jewell College 118931. I Can and I Will. Early Vocational Education. Allen J. Conant. born 1821. archx- ologist and author. Found four kinds of mounds in Missouri. Author of Archaeology of Missouri 118681. Archaeology of Mounds and their Builders 118771. James Cox. born 1851. journalist and author. in 1891 appointed editor of Star Sayings. Author of St. Louis Through a Camera. Old and New St. Louis. Missouri at the World's Fair. Charles Egbert Cratldock 1lV1ary N. Murfree1. born 1850. one of the most popular liction writers of the last of the nineteenth century. She had inter- national fame for her novels which were all laid in Tennessee. Everyone was guessing who Charles Craddock was. and. when she revealed her iden- tity. it attracted considerable attention to St. l.ouis. Author of In the Tennes- 1 l see Mountains. In the Clouds. Down the Ravine. Frederick M. Crunden. born 1847. noted librarian. graduated from Cen- tral High in 1865. valedictorian of his class and winner of the Washington U. Scholarship. Made librarian of Pub- lic Schools Library in 1877. and when it was turned over to the public in 1894. he was made chief librarian of the system. Was President of the American Library Association in 1889- 90 and was member of the Inter- national l.ibrary Conference held in London. England in 1897. Author of Free Public Library: its uses and value 118971. How Things Are Done in our American I.ibrary 119011. Joseph A. Dacus. Author of Annals of Great Strikes in the U. S. 118771. Tour of St. Louis. Willliam H. Danforth, born 1870. Author of Headlights from Europe 119261. Random Ramblings in lndia. Thomas Davidson. 1840-1900. philosopher, scholar. has an analytical style on out-of-way subjects. He was the first occidental to write in Sear- barzlem philosophy. Author of Aristo- tle and Ancient Educational Ideals. Education of the Greek people 1 19071. Handbook of Dante. History of Educa- tion. The Parthenon Frieze and other Essays. Alexander N. De Menil. 1849. h's- torian of poetry and literature of St. Louis and the Louisiana Territory. Also organizer of the Society of St. l.ouis Authors. Author of Forest and Town: poems 119111. Literature of Louisiana Territory 119041. John Peter De Smct. 1801-1872. missionary and pioneer. arrived in St. Louis from Belgium in 1828. took part in establishing St. l.ouis Uni- versity in which he was afterwards a professor. He used St. Louis as his base for his missionary works among the Indians in the Rocky Mountains. All his books were originally written in French but have been translated. Author of Letters and Sketches. New Indian Sketches. Mrs. Mary Dillon. author of liction and several historical novels of St. Louis and the surrounding vicinity. Author of Rose of Old St. l.ouis. ln Old Bellaire. The Leader. Miss Living- ston's Companion. Thomas Dimmock. born 1810. De- ceased. Journalist and critic. in 1869 made editor of the St. Louis Republic. Author of Four Revolutions. Louis Dodae. born 1870. novelist and St. l.ouis newspaper man who wrote all his novels during a space of five years 11916-19211 and then dis- appeared from the sight of the public. His novels were all light and analytical. his most popular character being Bonnie May. The book was made into a mov- One Hundred and Thiriq-mm' ing picture. Attthor of Bonnie May 119161. Children of the Desert 119171. lfvery Child 119211. Tawi Tawi 119211. lf. W. Dolch. born 1889. Attthor ol lV1antta1 of Business 1.etter Writing. Outline for lilfective Vvlriting. Reading and Vvlord Meaning. Psychology and Teaching of Reading. James lftahunun lfads. 1820-1887. engineer and builder of the llads Bridge. Constructed the nrst iron-clads to be ttsed on the Mississippi during the Civil Xklar. Author of Jetty Sys- tem llxplained. System of Naval Defenses. ilihonias Sterns Eliot. born 1888. Peet and critic. makes his residence in 1.1ndon. though born in St. l.ouis. llis poem. The Wastelami. was called tbe poem of the century. He is the 111081 notable of the modern poets. Attthor of Ash XVednesday. Poems. Dante. Homage to John Dryden. The Sacred Woods. 111111111177 Cit't'1't7ll'!l1i lfliot. 1811- l887. clergyman. educator. and author. ln 1871 he became chancellor of NVash- ington University and held that posi- tion until his death. Author of Disci- pline ol' Sorrow. Discourses on the Doctrine of Christianity. lfarly Reli- gious liducation. Lectures to Young Men. Miss I.tzti1Ie lfrslziiie, born 1879, former teacher at Central High School. and contributor to magazines. Author of the Crossbreed. An lrish Story. Jltilitlfl H. IZ1lL'Ii!7tl. 18-11-1885. author of juvenile stories: resided in St. 1,ouis for several years. Atlthor of A Great limeryfency and Other Tales. Dandelion Clocks and Other Tales. Jan o1'theXVit1t1mi1l. lfuat-ng' l ie1a'. 1850-1896. journal- ist. columnist. and poet. His whimsical cliiltlreit verses won him fame through- out the nation. He was barn in St. 1.ouis and for several years worked on lofal newspapers. Attthor of 1.itt1e Book ol' Prohtable Tales. Culture's Ciarland. liuuene lfieldz an auto-analy- sis. l.ove Alliair of a Bibliomaniac. How one l5riar met the Devil and two pursued him. The House. lzirntusl li. lfilsinaer. born 1880. author on foreign trade. also httsband of Sarah Teasdale. Author of Com- icercial Traveler's Guide to l.atin America. lixporling to l.atin America. Trading with l.atin America. fZi1l't77l1l71f liftltfll. 1815-1890. novel- i'.t. p'avwrQght. historian. and diplo- mat. lzdited St. l.ota.s lfuentngt Gazette 11114-1-451. Vv'as reporter of the St. louis County Courts for many years. ln 1850 he was appointed American Consul at Venice. Attthor of The liar XVe't 118181 Journal. Venice. the Citi. ol the Ssa. history from 1797 to 111-111. time fftll1ttlt'tt1tlI7t1 l'i1H'1tl 1 1 1 Kate Fisher. 18-10-1896. miscellane- ous writer. journalist. publishetxequally quick with pen and tongue. Attthor of Planchettes Diary, Mad on Purpose. Pen Photographs of Charles Dickens's Readings. Ten Days in Spain. The History of Bell Telephone. Miss Mary lfisher. novelist and critic of lfnglish and foreign literature. Author of Kerstie. The Journal of a Recluse. A Valiant Woman. Mrs. Sallie 1Rochesterj lford. born 'n 1828. Deceased. Novelist. whose Grace Truman. a religious story. sold over a hundred thousand copies in the late fifties. Author of Evangel NVise- man 118781. Ernest Quest 118791. Grace Truman 118571. Datiid Rowland Francis. 1851-1927. American Ambassador to Russia dur- ing XVorld's NVar. Capitalist. Author of A Tour of Europe in 19 Days. Uni- versal Exposition of 1904 119131. Mrs. Jessie Benton lirenwnt. 1824- 1902. miscellaneous writer. daughter of Senator Benton and wife of Fre- mont. the Pathfinder. Author of Years of American Travel. Souvenirs of lVly Travel. Sketch of Senator Ben- ton. Vtfill and Way Stories. Hugh A. Garland. 1805-185-1. law- yer and author. practiced his profes- sion here from 1845 till time of his death. His 1.ife of John Randolph is considered the standard work on the statesman. Thomas Elwood Garrett. During many years of the sixties and seventies was dramatic and literary critic of the St. l.ouis Republican. Attthor of fV1asque of the Muses 118871 3 miscel- fany in prose and poetry. Jag Gelzer. novelist. short story wi' ter and graduate of Central. Author el' Compromise: a novel. The Street of a Thousand Delights. Charles I . Haanel. born in 1866. publisher. general character of writing is psychological and metaphysical. Author of Master Key System of Philosophy. Mental Chemistry. Emily Hahn. born 1905. Author of Beginners l.uck. 1Villiam Torrey Harris, 1835-1909, author. philosopher. publisher. and founder of the Society of Speculative Philosophy. He was one of the most notable St. 1.ouisans of his day. He was also Superintendent of the St. l.cuis Public Schools. Author of Art tfducation: the true industrial educa- tion. Church and State. lilementary lfducation. Hegels Doctrine of Reflec- tion. The Spiritual Sense of Dante's Divina Commedia. Charles M. Haruetf. Authcr of His- tory of Republican Party. Otto Helltr. born 1863. in Saxony. Germany. Prior to coming to United States he attended courses in several universities in Germany and Austria. Author of Prophets of Dissent. Some Aspects of German Education. Studies in Modern German 1.iteratttre. Sam Hellman. contributor to Satur- day Evening Post, Liberty. and other magazines. Author of l.ow Bridge and Punk Pungs 119241. Neil Gratiot Hcnshatti. born in 1880 in St. l.ouis. modern Hction wr.ter of novels and short stories. Judge Nathaniel Holmes. born in 1815. Deceased. Author. lawyer. jurist. Took part in organizing Academy of Science in St. Louis. ln one of his books. he tried to prove Francis Bacon wrote the plays accredited to Shakes- peare. The book aroused a mild furor at the time. Author of The Author- ship of Shakespeares Plays. Realistic ldealism in Philosophy ltself. J. K. Hosmer. 1834-1927. novelist. miscellaneous writer. was professor of Washington University. He is bsst known for his historical novels. Author of History of the l.ife of Samuel Adams. History of the Jews. History of Young Sir Harry Vane. Short His- tory of German 1.iterature. Jr-diah I1'Ll1'71iiI7Q1t1t7. 181-1-1862. published a weekly. and daily paper in St. l.ouis during the fifties. Attthor of Poems 118-191. Alice: or the New Una 118601. Rosemary. lfannie Hurst. horn in 1889. popu- lar novelist. graduate of Central High. She writes mostly of the Ghetto and delineates Jewish characters. Her works are very successful. many of them win- ning honors, and being made into motion pictures. Attthor of Appas- sionata 119261. Every Sottl has its Song. Gaslight Sonatas. Hurnoresque. l.ummox. Song of Life 119271. Black Sheep 119121. 11'lr::. Ifmiftt Grant Htitchintis.author of lndian Summer. Jap Herron: a novel written by the ouija board. William I-little. 18311-1898. iournal- ist. was connected with the St. l.ou's Republican for 28 years. Attthor of History of St. l.ouis. Orrick Johns. Author of Black Branches: poems and plays. Blindfoltl 1 19211. Three Plays in Chiarascuro. XVi1d Plum 1.yrics. l7i'edei'iek Newton Juzlson. boin 1845: lawyer. president of the Board of liducation 1880-'82. 1887-'89. Attthor of Judiciary of the People. l,av.' of lnterstate Commerce. Treatise Upon the l.aw and Practice of Taxation in Missotlri. R. 11'. Ktlso. born 1880. social engineer. Attthor of Poverty. Science cf Pttblic XVe1fare. History of Public Poor Relief in lVlassachusetts. The S:icnce of Public Vvlelfare. J. fl. Kleist. born 1871. and professor of classical lfducated at Universities in Holland. and St. l.ouis U. clergyman languages. Germany. Attthor of First Lessons in Greek, Aids to Latin Prose Composition. Advance Lessons in Greek. Hints on Latin Style. Nathan C. Kouns. Author of Arius, the Libyan and of Dorcas, the Daughter of Faustina. P. E. Kretzman. born 1883, pro- fessor. writer, Author of Brief History of Education 119201. Education Among the Jews 119161. Adolph Ernest Kroeger. Author of The Minnesingers of Germany. James Wademan Lee: born 1882. Author of Geography of Genius 1 19171, Henry Grady: the Editor, the Orator, the Man 118961. Charles A. Lindbergh. born 1902. World famous aviator. whose courage and modesty captivated the world. His autobiography is one of the most popu- lar books of the age. Author of We 1 1 92 71 . Isaac W. Lionberger, born 1854, prominent lawyer and member of St, Louis Bar, Author of Laws Governing Manufacturing the Business Corpora- tions. Meaning of Property 119191. Manual of Corporate Law for Business Men 118991, Causes of Panic, Felici- ties of Old Age. Isaac Lippincott, professor of eco- nomics in Washington University. Author of ten books in the Held of economics, among which are The Eco- nomic Resources and Industries of the World. and the Economic Development of the United States. which has just appeared in its third edition, Clark McAdams, born 1874. news- paper man and journalist throughout entire career as a reporter, special writer. and editor of several publications. Was editor of A'Just a Minute column in Post-Dispatch for twenty years. At present is in charge of the editorial page of the Post-Dispatch. Author of Archrology of Illinois. W. Roy Mackenzie. Head of the Department of English of Washington University. whose native home is in Nova Scotia. His intimate studies of the people there have enabled him to make valuable contributions to ballad literature. Author of The Quest of the Ballad. Ballads and Sea Songs from Nova Scotia. The English Moralities. Xavier Donald McLeod, 1821- I865. novelist. biographer. Author of The Bloodstone, Life of Walter Scott. Eugene McQuillen, born 1860. jur- ist. lawyer, and author. It is claimed he is author of more law books than any other writer of Missouri, Author of Missouri Pleading and Practice 1281, Code of Pleading Forms. Mis- souri Civil Practice 1281, Municipal Corporation 1281. George Benjamin Mangold, born 1876. Interested in social problems. Author of Child Problems 11910- 19141. Problems of Civil Welfare 119241. Social Reform in Missouri. T. M. Marshall, professor of history in Washington University. Author of A History of the Western Boundary of the Louisiana Purchase. Enoch M. Marvin. Author of Life of William Goff Capels. To the East by Way of West. William Harvey Miner, born 1877. author and publisher, has been con- nected with some of the leading pub- lishing houses in the country at one time or another. Is publisher of origi- nal books with a branch of his house in London. Author of The Iowa Indians, North of Mexico, The History of the American Indians. Mrs. E. Avery Meriwether, 1832. Deceased. Author, and mother of Lee Meriwether. Her books were very popu- lar after the Civil War. Author of Facts and Falsehoods Concerning the War in the South 1861-1865, The Master of Red Leaf, My First and Last Love. Recollections of a Long Life, Black and White. Lee Meriwether, born 1862, lawyer, traveler, and author, In 1885 and 1886 he hiked from Gibraltar to Bos- phorous. Author of A Tramp Trip, How to See Europe on Fifty Cents a Day, The Tramp at Home, Ailoat. and Ashore on the Mediterranean. Ralph E. Mooney. graduate of Cen- tral, 1910. Editor of Southwestern Bell News. Author of David Rudd, a novel, and numerous short stories in the Saturday Evening Post and other magazines. Paul Elmer More, born 1864. Graduate of Central High School and Washington U. Editor and critic. Author of Shelburne Essays,P1atonism. The Demon of the Absolute. Mrs, Adele S. Morrison, Author of New England Primrose 119181, Memoirs 119111. John R. Musick, 1849-1901. novel- ist, historian: wrote a series of twelve American Historical Novels. Author of Calamity Row, Brother Against Brother. Stories of Missouri, The War with Spain. Lights and Shadows of the War with Spain, The Columbian Historical Novels 112 volumes1. Charles Nagel, born 1849. lawyer. professor, lecturer, graduated from Central High School and St. Louis Law School. Ex-secretary of Commerce and Labor under Taft. Author of Com- merce Under our Dual System of Gov- ernment, Neutrality and Public Opinion 119151. Over Legislation 118821. Permanent Court of International Justice 119261, John G. Neihardt. born 1881, Lit- erary Editor of St. Louis Post-Dis- patch. Author of Song of Three Friends and Song of Hugh Glass. Professor Francis E. Nipher, born 1847. author. scientist, was the first to discover that films could be devel- oped in a light room better than in a dark one. He is author of many pamphlets and articles on his profes- sion. Author of Electrical Industries in St. Louis, Theory of Magnetic Meas- urement, Chance and Chance, Mrs. F, Mary Nixon, Author of With a Pessimist in Spain. Lasca and other Stories. A Harp of Many Chords. The Blue Lady's Knight. God, the King, My Brother. Thomas Nuttall, 1786-1859, emi- nent naturalist and author. wrote his books while residing in St. Louis. Author of Geological Sketch of the Mississippi Valley. David O'Neil. born 1874, executive, poet. educated' at St. Louis and Wash- ington Universities. Was a contributor to Reedy's Mirror when it was in exist- ence. Author of A Cabinet of Jade. Today's Poetry: an anthology. George O'NeiI. Author of Essays on Poetry, That Bright West. Conde Benoist Pallen. born 1858. author. critic. editor, lecturer. His literary criticisms were said to take first rank among American writers. Lord Alfred Tennyson wrote him that his interpretation of The Idylls of the King met his full approval. Author of Collected Poems. Death of Sir Lancelot and other Poems. Epochs of Literature. Philosophy of Literature. New Rubaiyat. Nathan House Parker. Author of Archazlogical Map of Missouri 118651. Iowa as it is 118561, Missouri as it is in 1867, Missouri Handbook 118651. J. N. Patrick. Author of Higher English for High Schools and Acade- mies 118961. Everett W. Pattison, 1835. De- ceased. Lawyer. began practicing here in 1865. right after the Civil War, in which he took part. Author of Forms of Missouri Pleading 118911. Digest of the Missouri Reports 118951. Com- plete Digest of the Missouri Report 118971. Albert Pike, 1809-1891. author of Lyrics and Love Songs. Hymns to the Gods, and other poems. Mrs. Hannah D. Pittman. Author of Mannette: Comic Opera, Studies in Black and White, The Belle of Blue Grass Country, The Feast of Kentucky. Go Forth and Find.Get Married Young Man. The Heart of a Doll, Americans of Gentle Birth and their Ancestors 1281. William Poland. Author of Laws of Thought. Matrimonial State. Ra- tional Philosophy: laws of thought. Rational Philosophy: fundamental ethics. True Pedagogics and False Ethics, The Kingdom of Italy and Sovereignity of Rome. Truman M. Post. Author of Voices of History. One Hundred and Forty-one Bishop l1'vlllltlI77 A. Quayle. born 1860. Theologian and author of poetry. Author of The Poets' Poet and other Essays. Recovered Yester- days in Literature. Poems, Eternity in the Heart. The Prairie and the Sea. Harlan E. Read. born 1880. Con- nected editorially with Brown's Busi- ness College. Author of Alarm Talks. A Paeggar or a King. Read's World History Chart. l.oyan Uriah Reauis. Deceased. Journalist. publisher, and author. He was one of St. 1.ouis's most prolihc writers and boosters. He wrote volttm- inously on the future greatness of St. l,ouis. and on the desirability of mov- ing the National Capitol to St. Louis. Author of Alexander Hamilton and the American Republic 118861. The lsthmian Passage. The New Republic. St. l.ouis: the Commercial Metropolis of the Mississippi Valley, St. Louis: the liuture Great City of the World. Thoughts for the Young Men of America. 11 ilIrarn Marion Reedy, horn 1862. .lournalist. editor. and publisher of Ret-ily's Mirror which went out of existence with the death of its editor. Author of Burns. the Vvlorld Poet. A Dramatist on Doctors. The Makers of St. l.ouis. 1The Mirror is being re- vived by Mr. Su1livan.1 Mrs. Anna Cf Reifsnider. born 1860. Author and business woman. At twenty-two she was left a widow with two children to support. lior many years she was a reporter of law and public lectures. Attthor of Be- tween Two Vvlorlds. True Memory the l'hi1osopher's Stone. Unforgiven. How She earned lt: or 825.000 in Eleven Years. Mosheim Rhodes. Author of Life Thoughts for Young Men. lfxpository 1.ectures on the Philippines. Recogni- tion in Heaven. Throne of Grace. Mrs. Richter 1pen name-Edna 15ern1. Leading German poet of the United States. and contributor to lead- ing German publications in this coun- try. Author of Venusmaerchen. Geschichten aus einer Andern Welt. Cfharles V. ll. Roherls. born 1882. Poet and dramatist. Entered St. Louis U. when twelve years old. graduated when he was eighteen. and graduated from law school in 1902. Author of Collected Poems. The Call of Life and other Poems. The Sublime Sacrihce. Roherl Julius Romhauer. Author of Study in Primary Education. Union Cause in Sl. Louis in 1861. Reverend John E. Rolhensleiner. born 1860. Poet and priest. recog- nived as leading authority on Catholic llistory in St. Louis. Author of Books of Verse written in German: Hope and Memory. lndian Summer. The Sunny Slopes of Life. Books of Verse One Hundred and lforly-Iwo 1 1 written in English: Heliotrope. The Garland of Praise. Catholic Hymns and Poems. Carl Sehurz. 1820-1926. German- American Statesman. Editor. St. Louis Weslliche Post. Senator from Missouri. Author of Speeches 118851: Henry Clay 118871: Abraham Lincoln 1 18891. Shirley Seifert. born 1889. graduate of Central. Short story writer, and author of Oriflamme: a novel. Henry Shaw. merchant and public benefactor. Gave Shaw's Garden. the most beautiful botanical garden in the world. to St. Louis. Author of The Rose. Historical and Descriptive. Robert Shaw. Author of Creator and Cosmos 118801. Historical Ori- gins and Historical Critiques 118981. Prophecies of Daniel and Revelations Developed in the History of Chris- tianity 118921. Elihu Shepard. Author of Auto- biography. Early History of St. l.ouis and Missottri. S. F. Smith. Author of Theatrical Apprenticeship 118451. Theatrical Management in the West and South for Thirty Years 118681. Denton J. Snider, 1841. Deceased. Educator. philosopher. author. one of the original members of the Society of Speculative Philosophy. teacher at Cen- tral High for many years. and author of nearly fifty books. Author of Agamemnnon's Daughter: a poem. Ancient European Philosophy. Dante's Divine Comedy: Inferno. a comment- ary. Delphic Days. The lireeburghersz a novel. Homer's Odyssey. Walks in Hellas. The Shakespearean Drama: a commentary. Marshall Solomon Snow. Author of Higher Education 118981. La17ay- ette. the liriend ofWashington1188-1-1. John Snyder. Author of As ye Sow: a Romance of Cape Cod 119001. The Last Angel. 1902. Storm Baby: a story of the St. Louis cyclone. The XVind Trust 119031. I . Louis Soldan, 1842. Deceased. Author and Educator. Author of Amerkanisches Drittes Lesebuch. Ahn's Praktischer Lehegang. Zur. Schnellen und Leichten. Erlernung der lirangaese- chen Sprache. How to Teach Element- ary Arithmetic. C. C. Soule. Author of Hamlet Revamped 118801. Romeo and Juliet: a travesty 118771. Richard Spamer. born 1865. Was dramatic and musical editor of Globe- Democrut for many years. lfVaIter Barlow Stevens. born 1848. Missouri historian, was connected with St. Louis newspapers since 1892. As a special correspondent for Globe- Democral has traveled through Mexico. Canada. Jamaica. Panama Canal. and Porto Rico. Mrs. Sheppard lpiercel Stevens Author of 1 Am the King 118981. ln the Eagles Talon 119021, The Sword of Justice 119001. Richard Stokes. 1882. Reporter and feature writer of the St. Louis Posi- Dispatch: music and dramatic critic. Edgar James Swift. born 1860. Vvlas educated at Amherst and later at the Universities of Leipzig and Berlin. pro- fessor of psychology and education at Washington University. Author of Mind in the Making. Youth and the Race. Learning by Doing, Psychology and the Day's work. Frederick Oakes Sylvester, artist. poet of the Mississippi. For many years he was a teacher at Central High: several of his paintings are hung in the corridors. Central possesses an autographed copy of his poems which are in the library. Mme. F. G. Tanner. Author of Watouska. or the White Lily 118911. Sarah Teasdale. 1884-1933. Poet of the most lyrical. melodious love songs in the English language. She was born and educated in St. Louis, and gained her first recognition while she lived here. Author of Sonnets to Duse. Dark of the Moon. lilame and Shadow. Rivers to the Sea. Love Songs. Helen of Troy and other poems. Augustus Thomas. born 1857. Playwright of national reputation. has written on the average of a play a year since 1889. He dramatized The Copperhead in which John Barrymore won fame. His play Arizona was made into a musical comedy and was presented at the Municipal Opera. Author of A Man or the Vklorld 1889. ln Mizzoura 1893. The Harvest Moon 1909. Rio Grande 1916. Speak of the Devil 1920. The Vklitching Hour 1907. Seymour Dtuiyhl Thompson. Author of Charging the Jury 1880. Liability of Directors and Others 1880. Treatise on the 1.aw of Trials in Action. Civil and Criminal Courts 188-1. John T. Tice. Author of Elements of Meteorology 1875. Over the Plains and on the Mottntains 1872. Christopher G. Tiedeman. Author of Selected Cases on Real Property 1892, On State and liederal Control of Personal Property. On Bills and Notes. Angus Umphrauille. in 1821 pub- lished The Seige of Baltimore and other poems. the first book of poetry printed west of the Mississippi. The poems were all of a local nature. He was also the author of Missottri Saps and other Western Ditties. Mrs. Jasmine Van Dresser. 1878. Contributor to Delineator and other magazines. Author of How to Find Happy Land 119071. The Little Brown Hen Hears the Song of the Nightingale 110081. 1-lnnie Wall, author of ls Flying Easy? Sylvester lVaterhouse, born 1830. Deceased. Atlthor of Vslestward Move- ment of the Capital. American Com- merce in 1900. The Mississippi and its Affluents. Stanley ll-laterloo, author of Seekers, Story of Ab: a tale of the time of the caveman. A Son of the Ages: the reincarnation and adventure of Scar, the Link. a story of man from the beginning. Alphons 1Vetmore, deceased. Was the author of the first play produced in St. Louis. It was written for the Thespians in 1821 and was performed with great success. Author of The Pedlarz a farce in three acts, Gazette of the State of Missouri: a completation 1 18371. Claude lllhelmore. author of The Battle Against Bribery: being a nar- rative of the warfare on boodles. inf cluding the exposure of bribery in the Missouri State Legislature. Out of the Fleur-deelis: the history of the Louisi- ana Purchase Exposition, John G. lfVoerner. 1826. deceased. He was a prominent public oflicial. publicist, and author of Amanda, the Slave: a play. Rebe1's Daughter. a story of Love. XVar and Politics, The American Law of Administration. C. S. Yost, born 186-1. Editor of the Editorial Page of the Globe-Denim rrat since Feb. 26, 1015. Author of Patience Vv'orth. EVENING IN THE OZARKS By Rudolph Loefller, '34 lhe goldtn sun note ends his stay. And. as he journeys to the lllest, He paints cz colorful a'isplay Above the distant mountain crest. So soon as fades the sunsets glow The evening steals without a sound lnto the center of the show To make its never-ceasing round. The silvery moon does now arise To light this lovely night in June: Then sound the coarse, unearthly cries Of frogs that croak their dismal tune. The twinlzling lights that softly glow Upon their wana ring here and there Are caused by fireflies, I know, lVho guide the traffic of the air. They're mimichers of stars I view. That, dancing in the evening sky, Have made me wonder if it 's true Theyre put up there on us to spy. To break the evenings ghostly spell So faint but clear, l hear a toll. The ringing of the church's hell That seems to pacify my soul. One Hundred and forty-three fi' D X TTITZTTYE, rrfsfsi W , V ' -,MXL .gl A X, I iw-.. !'I'IlE'1 I'hi-ef' 'e-Lag, f :ZTi'l'55 ' THE JIG-SAW PUZZLE By James Kerr. '34 HAT is this whimsey of a nation in which a reproduction of a work of art is cut into various weird shapes so that it may be pieced together again? The lntellgentsia go wild over it. And it's found in every home, littered all over the place, with the more demonstrative members of the family yelling for the missing pieces. It seems so simple: but try it once. You can find the shapes that fit together or you can match the colors and, again, you just use simple logic ibut how can you apply logic to anything so utterly illogical?D. Ah! Csay youl here is a simple one. only twelve or fourteen pieces, all of them straight-edged, and they form a checkerboard. How soon the error of your beliefs becomes apparentf How you sit down, determined to do or die! You work for hours and then more hours until you are satisf1ed.??? You've tried it: you like it. And yet it is so futile. For hours you work and tax those long-unused channels of your brain, forming a panorama of posies. And for what? With the light of achievement in your eyes, you rise: and, with some idle sweep of the hand or some unwonted movement, you scatter the flimsy structure before you. You have absolutely nothing for some hours of laborious concentration except, perhaps, the satisfaction of knowing that you put your picture together, worked the problem before you. QWellf maybe that's something after all.J Lets, for an example of the puzzle complex. visit, on any evening, the Smiths who live next door for maybe it's the Jonesesb. Brother Jimmy is working a jig-saw puzzle called 'APosies of Picardy for is it Pansies on Parade ?7 and trying to find the corner piece. Sister Jennie, who is working a crossword puzzle, is asking everybody and nobody in particular for a three- letter word meaning Hpantoglossicaln while little sister is crying because mother is out with her roller skates. Father, after having tried every room in the house, takes his sport-sheet out into the garage so he can read it in peace and then turns on the radio in the car and listens to the fight. Whence comes this tendency of Americans towards fads? Who holds the pulse of the people? Who thinks of yoyos, miniature golf courses, crossword puzzles, jig-saw puzzles, etc.? And who can predict how long their popularity will last? What constitutes a fad? Does this subservience to fads mean that the American people are fundamentally fickle? Are they so devoid of recrea- tional facilities that they must grasp any silly innovation that is set before them? Or do they just follow their impulses, indulging wholeheartedly with all the spontaneous energy of a New World? Om' llrmdred uml lforly-Iiutu' REC REATI ISIN Polar Bear Unit Showing Height of Moat XValI 5 at Feeding Time Lion CH ying the Actiuily of S Daily Visitors Eniu The World's Largest Ouldoor Bird Cage Plaza and Lion House at Head of Peacock Valley , ' am.: I' i Mm- K in vii... W T -' I I n'W '1f:7'f '-'- W YT'ff ff'f,..Fi. .QVITH ' 'i j. 3'X If WLL' I Cm, 1QZ1Y2t'tfi: e f'.fwftiaif I im- ----A My - A-im-i,'tf9ilg2,,:i,,, r Ti1gTQ,vgg rT:,,5':lQ H. M 3 3 5,2 nffggf-,Z .,i:L..M,'Z0 ,',,5..,,.,x wif' 25522: 'af Xia V f ,M J I .,g:::r RECREATION IN ST. LOUIS By Mildred Chalmers, '33 Recreation, in the terms of a dictionary, is a relief from toil or pain, a refreshing of the spirits after labor or exer- tion. XVe Hnd it necessary many times to relieve ourselves of a burden by amusing ourselves in some manner. It might be by walking through the parks, hearing a play, seeing a Y I picture, or playing games. All people feel the necessity of relaxing or releasing pent-up energy. But there, I was about to become his- torical, and I don't want to tire you with a history: so let's you and I journey down a little street on the outskirts of our fair city, to an attractive little cottage, where, sitting on the porch, is a young lady writing very hurriedly in a little red book. This book contains some very interesting accounts, and, with her permission, we'll open it for all to view. Perhaps an explanation is due, Yes? This girl in question, made a whole year's visit to St. Louis. Naturally, her aunt and uncle, with whom she was visiting, wished her to have a good time: so they not only showed her all the great sights of the city, but they took her to all the recreational centers as Well. In this red book of hers, she has made, each month, a record of facts con- cerning the most interesting place of recreation that she visited during that month. Let us open the book to the first page. The first month before our eyes is September. Let's read and see what it says. SEPTEMBER HThis month we have gone to many places but the one that I enjoyed most was Forest Park Highlands. It is a most delightful place with its different types of amusement. Practically everything from ball rolling to taking the Mountain Ride is here. There is a fine swimming pool and also a dance floor for all those who enjoy these sports, l'While we were lunching under the shelter, my uncle informed me that this, The Big Place on Top of the Hill, is the spot where many elementary schools hold their annual picnics. He Went on further to state that about the year 1895, the Highlands was like an outdoor theatre and it is thought by some to have been the forerunner of the present Municipal opera. The Forest Park Highlands, along with Sauter's Park, formerly Manion park, is a most popular unit of amusement for St. Louis during the summer months. OCTOBER October has proved to be a very exciting month for me. There are two big reasons for my excitement: one is our visit to ShaW's Garden to see the Chrysanthemum Show, and the other was seeing the Veiled Prophet Parade. I was so enthusiastic over the parade and the ball that I decided I must find how this all began. - One Hundred and Forty-seven '32, m . i'The origin of this parade was the old St. Louis Eairs which began in I855, just two years after the founding of Central. These fairs were put on by the Agricultural and Mechanical Association. They lasted for a week, and one day, Thursday was set aside as a city holiday. In l878. one night was set aside for the Procession of the Veiled Prophet. and, although The St. Louis Fairs were discontinued in 1902 to begin the preparation for the coming of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition and World's Eair, of l9O-I. the business men of St. Louis have continued to hold an annual Veiled Prophets Parade, a beloved custom about which there is a veil of mystery, for no one knows who the Prophet is. Shaw's Garden is one of the Hnest botanical gardens in the world: in fact it ranks second only to the Kew Gardens in England. It contains eleven thousand species of plants and the finest orchid collection in the world. Shaw's Garden, along with Tower Grove Park, was willed to the city by Henry Shaw, an Englishman. An addition outside the city, at Gray's Summit, is the place where plants are started before they are taken to the Garden. For the propa- gation gardens of our tropical plants we have the Shaws Garden in Balboa, Panama. A'Practically every month sees a new flower show here, among the most beautiful being the chrysanthemum show, the tulip show, and the orchid show. Wlaile walking over this seventy-Eve acre section of loveliness, we ran into a little spot that showed two gardens, one before and one after a gardeners care and attention. Right then and there I resolved to beautify my own little garden. Vv'e went through all of the gorgeous greenhouses and were made quite hungry by the sight of fruits. Novt2Mtsi3R My aunt and I have just finished talking about theaters. Naturally, every young person is interested in theaters, and, as my aunt is extremely interested in them, I have found it most delightful to hear her history of St. Louis theaters. HA little explanation to my book is necessary. Up to this time my uncle Harry has been the source of all my information and I suppose the only reason I didn't ask him about theaters was the fact that he is not here. He went off to the Public Schools Stadium to see a football game between Central and Beaumont. Of course, my cousin Jim roots for Central's team. 'But I must continue my talk with Aunt Helen. She told me that the old saying, Early to bed and early to rise. applied literally to young St. Louis. for there were no theaters and the only possible forms of amusement were barn dances or hymn sings. About thirty years before Central High School was founded lAunt Helen graduated from therel . James Baird turned his blacksmith shop into a theater and presented plays acted by amateurs. The first important play presented in St. Louis, however, was given at the New Theater, on Olive, Locust, and Main. This play was Goldsmith's She Stoops leo Conquer. Up to l853, St. Louis had given its approval of the Merchant of Venice and other presentations in Caldwell's theater, the National theater, the Concert One lltzmlretl tmtl I'-Uflt!-t'ltlhI fi7f f' :, -' 1 V .. .3 H V Hall, and the Bates Theater, where J. Wilkes Booth, the assassin of Lincoln, acted many times. The last named theater was undoubtedly the most important in St. Louis at this time because it not only lasted the longest, until 1880, when it burned down, but was renamed the St. Louis Theater and run by Ben de Bar, reputed to have been the best Falstaff of Shakespeare's plays in the United States of that day. 1-lirplane View of Municipal Theatre St. Louis enjoyed minstrel shows and in 1867 the first minstrels to appear in St. Louis, The Spalding Nlinstrels, played at the Olympic theater. 'ACyrano de Bergerac was presented for the first time in our city in 1898 at the old Century which was built on the site of Pope's theater. Some of the old theaters, such as Have1in's, presented what many of the older generation will remember as blood and thundpr plays . The present Gayety is the remains of the Germania Theater, of legitimate plays, and the Grand Opera House, formerly a member of the Tri-State Amusement Company, is now a motion-picture house. 'AThe modern legitimate drama theaters in St. Louis are the Shubert-Rialto, the American, and the Municipal Opera. Our Odeon is the chief concert hall in St. Louis and it is here that our St. Louis Symphony gives such delightful concerts. Here in the Odeon, St. Louis views many well known singers, dancers, and musicians. The leading motion picture houses of St. Louis are the Ambas- sador, the Fox, the Loews State, the Nlissouri, and the Grand Central, the latter being the only one that is more than two years of age. ' So ended Aunt Helen's lengthy yet interesting discussion of theaters. I almost forgot to tell you that at the first of this month all of us went down to the Police Circus at the Coliseum. This was a regular three-ring circus and full of all the thrills and chills that every circus provides. One Hundred and Forty-nine I' ::'c:z.::1.':rf:m .:- 'r'Tf s , , ,. , - - ft,:.., '1, iN ,,'vffTf 'A , dw 'W 'fT '-Kg' , ' I vs 1 a at i S AT..glZLlQ?Q.jQ-. . LI.Lf'f E. 'VCX '..1,l ., ' . ' I ' 1 .. ,,,', A Y Akkk WW W-IHZST f- . V W 'Y L'V3 ' N- ' ef' - - fi'i?. H fin WF' - 1 Aiwa' ET H lieth-,....aEf,.'3a ,. .s..2Q.......,a: Qs. DECEMBER Aunt Helen took me down to the Y. W. C. A. and it is easy to see that the Y's are like a port in a storm to many young men and women of this community. With their swimming and all other activities, they are aids in building the present generation both physically and mentally strong. They are doing their share in diverting the young people's minds from the terrific stress and strain of present conditions. JANUARY A'This has been a territically cold month, but we have enjoyed the cold. for the lagoon in Forest Park has frozen and we have gone skating several times. Last Sunday we attended the Silver Skates Carnival, held at the Arena, where the best skaters of the United States participated. My cousin Jim tells me that Truman Connell, one of the best among the intermediates, was formerly a Central student, and he also tells me that Virgil Tramelli. another Central student, did very well in this carnival. FEBRUARY This month, we saw a thrilling six-day bicycle race. There was no end to thrills, chills, and spills in this race. It was a magnificent display of man's endurance and I will venture to say that not one person regretted spending his money in order to view this spectacle. lt was impossible for me to become anything besides a hockey fan after viewing so many thrilling games at the Arena. St. I-ouis has a mighty fine hockey team, too. We couldn't slight soccer: so out we went to Sportsman's Park to see a soccer game in nice cold weather. It was immensely interesting and seems to be a popular sport with St. Louisans. MARCH We went swimming several times at the Coliseum and I discovered that the largest indoor salt-water swimming pool in the world is operated here. Uncle Henry goes down there quite often to see boxing or wrestling matches, but Aunt Helen and I do not enjoy that sport: so we stay at home and listen to the radio. The most important event this month was the National Flower and Garden Show held at the Arena. Oh! It was beautiful. This is the only time St. Louis has ever entertained the flower show. I believe its reception was tremendous. This month had a far more lovely ending than did any month preceding lVlarch. APRIL The Boy Scouts held their circus this month and of course, we went to see it. While down there, we were conversing with Mr. Mills, activities director of the Scouts. He told us some very interesting facts, and just that they may Om' llUf7LfFt'll' and Iifflil . V... u. . ' buS 'w ' A N W I L IT MIX ff 'I .Q ff f.,Q.f:QffffgQj f..,..i 'fix , flllffi, A':LA 'Tf ' ' .ff'f'ffff 'M Aww 'ar-.rr-.1 - we '1's: 'f' its M I' 1. : ',-'57-N .,,L,, W' 'M' - - H H aaa , .M if not be forgotten, I am putting them down in writing. The Merit Badge show, which is held in the fall, covers ninety thousand square feet of area in which the Scouts exhibit their proficiency in different trades, professions, crafts, sciences, and handicraft. The Boy Scout Circus is held at the Arena and eight thousand Scouts participate, demonstrating their fascinating program of camping, pioneering. first aid, and all other Scoutcrafts. The Camperall, held in the early part of June in Forest Park. is a competi- tive way of showing the public that every real Scout truly lives under his motto, l'Be Prepared. These three shows, according to Mr. Mills, probably lead the country in this field. Rather interesting to talk to someone so closely connected to the Scouts: don't you think so? MAY AND JUNE While running through an old book of Uncle Henry's, I came across a section on parks, and, as we intended to make a round of the St. Louis Parks, I decided to read up a bit. Here is what I found. 'Our parks are the best examples of the rapidly progressing beauty of the city. Parks are extremely interesting because they are man-made places of imitated or reproduced nature. They bring to the city the beauty of grassy lawns, shady woods, beautiful foliage and a breathing place.' People in early St. Louis went to the Vauxhall Gardens or to the Helds outside of the city, although there were six St. Louis parks before the founding of Central High School. The appropriation made in 1857 for Lafayette Park was the only appro- priation made until after the Civil War. After the War, St. Louis changed the city cemetery into Benton Park, and immediately followed this up by an issue of bonds for park improvement. Six years later, in IS74, Forest, O'Fallon, and Carondelet parks were purchased, These three comprise over half of the acreage, three thousand acres. of the city's parks. St. Louis has continued to purchase and improve public parks until at the present they number sixty-five. Here are a few interesting facts: the War Department of the United States government granted Lyon Park to St. Louis in honor to General Nathaniel Lyon, to whom there is a monument erected inside the park. The old Vkfashington Park is the ground upon which the old city hall stands. l'An exposition hall was erected in l887r, by the St. Louis Exposition and Music Hall Association, on the grounds of the former Missouri Park, this hall serving the city for twenty years and having an annual attendance of seven hundred and fifty thousand people. Besides its sixty-live parks the St. Louis system includes one hundred baseball and soccer fields: twenty-six playgrounds: two golf links: two outdoor One Hundred and Fzfltfaone .4--' -ff-f'1f-4 - --'ff- 1 e +'1r-vs .r ff - w a,e.,.vs.Kg-.,,. .aa ,. . 3 ' fiat s,.f:.:.s ,,A. ,.-,s,1,, Lg M . e sf ' se., s'- . L us.. 'li f1 E qi' awww- f-ist,.a.+sa... H Els .FAN HQ' 1 swimming pools, one of which is the largest of its kind in the world: and one of the largest outdoor theaters in the world! But here now, I must hurry and get ready as we will soon be on our way to Forest Park. 9 - St. Louis Public Schools Stadium Here l am back again with more news than ever. Wlaile we were walking along, Aunt Helen told me that the section we were traversing was the place where the Pageant and Masque of SI. Louis was presented by St. Louis in 1914 celebrating the one hundred and Hftieth anniversary of the founding of St. Louis. 'Both the words and music were written by Percy Mackaye, who also was the author of lVash1'ng1or1, The Man lVho Made Us presented by Central High School at the Odeon theater in February, 1932. 'lThis is all very interesting and here is an interesting bit that I happened to see in a newspaper while we were lunching. Up to 1909 St. Louis taxpayers had paid 356,000,445 on the upkeep of parks. Compare this with 3885,9l7.25, the amount spent in 1931 alone. Thats a huge amount of money, but I believe it was well spent. l'After lunching we continued walking and we ran across an old gentle- man who was a friend of the family. He told us he had been thinking about the World's Fair held in 1904 and about the building of the only permanent building, in the park, the Art Museum. He went on to describe some of the lovely Hfteen hundred buildings, especially the fifteen places of industry and a few of the twelve hundred statues. We could almost visualize riding down the lagoons in one of those gorgeous gondolas or strolling down one of the lovely lanes. Om' Hundred und l71'l'li1-Iwo -1---au-me--I , W . .. Q.s.tE'! N-1 T ' f CWTRKE But all good things must end and so off we went, tired, but eager to go again soon to finish our tour. We have finally finished our tour of Forest Park and, after tramping over fourteen hundred acres of ground, we were tired. This year we have been three of the one million, Eve hundred thousand, people that visited the Zoological Gardens. The reptile house, we were told, is the largest in the world and the bird cage is one of the largest outdoor cages in the world. Of course no one can miss seeing 'AThe Bird Charmerw in front of the bird cage. This magnificent bronze Indian statue was created by Walker I-Iancock, a former Central Student. I must not forget to tell you that we went to the Jewel Box, a tiny greenhouse which was so rich in color and brilliancy that it was indeed diflicult to leave it. We saw quite a number of persons playing golf, baseball, tennis and some out canoeing. We all went riding in those queer little motor boats that are so popular and were quite thrilled going at the wild rate of four miles per hour. That evening we sat up in the Pavilion and admired the splendor and beauty of the fountain on Government Hill, that beautiful memorial to Lindbergh. JULY 4'One night of each week this month we went to the 'Muny' Opera. One night I sat next to a nice little old lady who, seeing my enthusiasm, asked me if I had been there before. I replied, dust oncef A'She then told me that about twelve years ago plans for this theater had been laid and from that time the Municipal Opera has grown into one of the largest outdoor theaters in the world with a seating capacity of ten thousand people. AUGUST I have discovered that St. Louis is very baseball-minded, especially about this time of the year. So off I was taken to Sportsman's Park to see a game between the Cardinals and the Chicago Cubs and then again to see the Browns play the Philadelphia Athletics. There were plenty of thrills at both games, too. This month marked the close of the Playground session and as a climax to a summer of work and play, there was an Annual Playground Festival staged at the Public Schools Stadium. The pageant was beautiful and the things like purses, bookstands and others turned out by the boys' and girls' craft classes were nice, too. Then there were the championship games going on in baseball. handball, volley ball, horseshoe pitching, and track events. A very enjoyable and instructive afternoon was spent here. A'Now, my visit is over and I must go home, but I am taking you home with me, little book, so I may never forget anything I saw in my delightful trips in St. Louis. One Hundred and lfifly-lhree Z f 'T T ?i. 1Z N ' 'x ' - , ,m,. .,..,.s. .. ., .niet ftE A'. .' 1' . - ff? Lg e-e'. .,.W M. .sf 1 Yu. ::.T7 s', ' A A its. ' 'H by HJ V W -. s , M . 'Wg .A -QW g ,.f '.-L to sg . - - -yiff-1.1.1 H E3 ,. ., 4,22 at flu, wmv Na PALS By Jost XVashhurn, '34 I like to go with Sammie Smith. Ulith Karl XVhite. and Pete: XVe're just one age, and all of us Live on the same old street. XVe stand together mighty close: KVe're in one room at school. ln work or play. it's all the same: XVe stick. for that's our rule. But still there is another friend- And when I see him Come. I have the feeling, after all. That he's my Hnest chum. XVe talk together euery night. I tell him of our play And all about my school work and Our hasehall team, and sayf He seems more anxious. far. to hea Than any boy could he, I. And my 1' he sort of seems to know The thoughts inside of me. lt's fine to think that he's my pal Ana' know that I am his: That l can tell him anything No matter what it is. He says it makes him young again To be a pal of mine. Ana' that he's learning more earh dai, And that he thinks it 's fine To hear about the fellows and The lots of things we do: But he ran't know how good it fee To haue him wanting to. lt's Hne to haue a Sammie, Pete. Ana' Karl and Jim and Hal: But sayl its Hner still to haue Your dad the greatest pal. The Central Section of the Clean-up Parade One Hitntlretl and lfilxty-l'otu' ls SNAPPY SHOTS 'E .WY x-umm Ei . GJ , L , 4 1 v E A L B in Zn Q 1 . '. - , ,. R Sig? fn 5, ,ww fl ,. ? X? 7 ,Z .,, Jiri: If ' X ' if 25, 'lu -gf? 'Z' ' ag I nw if s 'N 151393 1 LLL. . .,.,,, , M14 -ww-sun. --..,... A 4 YK: -,,,,,,,. W. .,.kyL.,.,, 'Q ' ' 1 W ffwim ' W 'J,4m5'1m4 Vvujiiiis 'Q Q' N r1mwi::::7r:7zJ11:v:t1'agKTi '!T '2C?'f'I ,1 . 'f'W f SFX ve V i fig. M ' ' ,Q 7' f7 '.Q,1,sfflft, ,,A, , F-Tilly' '. ,j2tgifiarE.WI Zi JMEV ' Affffii-', ,A-1 -'j'?,.1ai:,I.t..,...,f,L 1-........Y J THE JAPANESE CHERRY TREE HEARD IT By IIIAUIIUI7 McCaffrey, '53 T WAS a beautiful day in spring, the thirtieth of May. Jim Campbell, in an old worn blue coat of the Union Army, sat down on a bench in Forest Park by the little Japanese cherry trees. For a great many years he had been marching proudly in the Memorial Day parade, but these last few years he found it had made him tired. Now he was tired, very tired. Idly gazing over the park he began to reminisce. Over seventy years, but it seemed like yesterday, his sweetheart, his Virginia, had said goodbye because he felt that he must help defend the Union. She had, he later learned, married Alfred Cantwell. a Southerner. Somehow, today, it didn't seem worth while. They could have won the war without me. Wliy did I sacrifice my happiness? The years have been long, but I see her before me constantly. In her pretty pink dress. and magnolia blossoms in her hair. she was as pretty as the roses that I brought to her. Now, I'm just an old man, just an old soldier. My cause was won, but my happiness was lost, Just then a little boy came running up before him and broke in upon his reverie. The old man, who had always loved children. began to talk to the youngster, and soon they were off into a discussion of the silver buttons on his proud old chest. But one is missing. said the child. i'Yes. she took that and added it to her string of buttons and hearts. The little lad, not knowing what the old mari meant, talked on. and soon the old soldier was telling him of the battles in which he had participated. In the midst of a glorious tale an old woman came hurrying up exclaiming, Tommy, you frightened me. I thought you were lost. No, ma'am, I was just telling the boy of some of the battles I was engaged in. I hope I haven't got him into any trouble. I guess, when I start to talk, I just forget time. Yes, time does go by. doesn't it, Jim, said a soft, low familiar voice. Virginia, it can't be you after all these years. Yes, Jim. It is I, and this is m ' little randson, Tomm . Alfred died Y fl Y thirty years ago. I never really loved him, Jim. W'eren't we foolish? The little cherry tree listened. It had heard the confessions of a great many lovers, but at last here was something really romantic. Om' llttmlreri tml! ,'ilf-Ill-Clitlhl 5 ffwsp, ' ,U ' V X -4, .. , mx Q . t ra m,-V 1 - - ., W. e . if is - i x s -7 V-.ri ' h,,.,..3.iWft.1L?ef1 i'TFis5r1fwcu,,,w K 5 I .. ,, . M l . i i I i 3 coMMENcEMENT In honor of the classes of June and January Phosphorus, through the tenuous dark of Dawn's cold haze, Foldward his white flocks led among the airy maze Of shadowy paths and earthward stared at rnan's abode, XVhcre just a moment since he mutely saw explode The atom of Progress, all its seething, volcanic energy Piercing the mind of man. which hence can never be The same again: taught him to harness the screaming titan, Gyes. of the myriad hands, to do the work of man: It ribbed the earth with steel and wreathed it in smoke and steam! Filled the air with the echo and snatched from the sun its beam. Deafened the lisping winds with a million wheels' grating whine: W'e carry and turn and feed the world: so it is our design To rule the world. lt led him to the rustling, laden held Where Ceres and Pomona conceal their richest yield. Mercury, bouyant, conquering, swift feet never still, Reigned supreme. while Speed, his child, with a wilful will, Embraced all form. This at dark of dawn. What will be At eve when Hesperus leads his young flocks down to the lea? Will man invade these heights, these sheep claim as his own, Anal rule these pastures free, where we have ruled alone? Uneasily he shrugged and, with a worried laugh. At the vernal earth, pensively pointed his glowing staff Toward the laurel grove where wistful Juventus. guide of youth, Would send them soon afar to seelz the shy beauties of truth. Will they suffer Prometheus still grimly to writhe in pain, Or sacrihce and struggle to shatter his searing chain? Will thcy the foul blind tear from stumbling Plutus' eyes, So he can justly repay merit without surmise? XVill they dare to commune with Pontifex and close with arching span The gaping chasm between Elysium and man. I-'rom Aesculapius. will they discover his long-lost art Of instilling life into a cold. exhausted heart? Pyramus-and-Thisbe-like will thcy ever cease to peer Timidly at Knowledge? Or. forgetting their servile fear. Will they scale the wall, ignoring dead philosophies And revel in the godly joy of mental ecstasies? A. f , Phosphorus frowned, called up his flocks, and took his leave. 1, ,ski This at the dawn. XVhat sage will prophesy the eve? gui' -Larry Weir 'HR - ,A ' 4 X Q. Q ,Y A. -- Mi 'lwjii V-, -. , . - ,gf f-1-,n-sew: ' iff. f 5 P, f lk' 'Q ,M wr , 1 r it defeat? Sf-sw, af? 1 w. 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Svcrvlnrx .xml Inzmxlxwn, Ill, II Ll .'X ,X. llnuupmn II-wlwv I Ngnxml. 'I., Swinxmmg. 'I'vnnn. CI-ull. f'.u11l.1iu lull. Ilmw IIAII, l I.ux I'I.1x. 'IL XX'INX'l'UN 'I'LvcTK1fR llurmmr lun: um! I: 1.-.nlu 'mln' IX ww!-In lun lzluuluw I: I-lulll' fu.u'.vl:w Iluyx' I mlm In I' 5-vrwlv. 'I I. '31, 'I'rv.ulxrvr If KI-NNI-'III XVIQISS .Xmumlf llfw lmll 41 fuylrus lunrllf f7l'.'1 lln' :mlm lu ll .lm lux full! 'I'r.1cIx. lil, 'llz Ihwlmll umm-v.xl, II. Ilxclvulm. ' '50, 'll Mlm' Klub. 'I1. ANNIE GI.I3ICIII'R ffm ufvumz num! lv .-Irmv fflwlllrvr ,Xml mm xml -.wi lu-lp lvul lllcv lrul. Suplnmxmv lilll ,XXII I'1I.XI'Ii Stall, WI: .Xllwn.rum. 'I ll. IX. .X, I3.ucI1.xlI. X'nllcv lull, Ivnnix. Iluclwy. NULDRIED BARTLLS .Wu :MII lu' L1 hrl uJ Huu'I4'L1 liul Lu' lull mlm buf' fab. :wmllzl Ln C.xsuI1.u. ll, Fl, D Go1I,Hilung. IDONALD RIPPIETOE llv nun mln' um! rvrum curb ahmk, lm- bmw xluhlp .lx llyv pnwu-zIm1I muh, f'v.1skrlb.1ll, 31. '31, Xumcml K ,X 1 x . KL . ' CIHORGIQ 'I RUST Imlrm um! Cfrrrtlrnm-n :X lmm' f 1.1 .nu gum! Invml- nm mm? fumgm lrnvrf JULIA I.ow15L1. X1-Lwr' un upfmrrunfly xpurmng lo Irmwl uf IM msn-li ulmr 1-I I.u:mng. ulcimrr. 'Eli G A, A., Tcnms. Qirlx' Lircrnrv Suru-ly, Sl: In f'.vul!n. 'IW '30, 'N G. A. A., Trnnix. IJTAH NIILLFR A, ,,,,.,.1 um! hm' mi tvwpvzml Muul. Wu. uffulmn lm liar Ar! G A. A. Hxking, Swnmming. LEO Moomix' llur.-,x u nmn Lflmll mn I-:kv Ihr nur, Our I.-11, lin' .-lmtruul rr'g1r'--vr. X f' n Xfwzlfw QAMIQL - , GARNLTT OYl1RP1l:Y If Xxnzl. rx nn lu M um hr .1', M' Lu, 1 r, C'41u,w llml s nur happy-gn-lmlcnfx mrvrctf. Uhr Club. '31, Boyx' Ijlcmry, '31, WI. ROSE MARIE BARTON KY'1'lfv all Ihr warmth ut' u urnrfurrxng lvlczzc. AXP-I 41 willmy hcurt ffm! fuzlurr :Lwn'1 fazv. Corif Ilu. WZ: G. A A. ANLJI-LINIE CUTO .Xlunrwr fmld um! quul rms. ,llzuzyx happy, auyuly u.'1w. ln Cmlilln, '31, '31, .N'rlL'w Rcpruwnlatlvc. Sccrctnry, '3 RED ANU I'mI,Al'Ii Typixl, 'Ely Qi. A .N.I'1.mwball. DOROTHY SPLZICHER IIN-na nu! umvllwr gurl lzku Mr, I mmm. nf frrmxzx.-. Dmulhnf ifnufvrr. 7' Q Iii, '31, Nihon! Play, 'Ill Dulcxmcr. '32, ln Ilkur d Q, A. A, Tunmx, 1 l Om' Humirvcl um! Sl.VH.f'fiLAl 11' ll11mI11'1l 1117.1 311111 11 1 101'IS 1X1ARK1-NSON H.-.I 1111. 111 111111.-I 111.111 ,1.1l.- 111 1-.-fu ,1111l lw 111.1 11111111111 1-1 1111 111111 1.1! .1xl11I.1, 11 N1511,D1fXX'I'1 1' 111., ..1....1.-11. .1....1.- .1 ,X'.1l1 11.- 11.11 .1111 .1.-1-1. 1-.11 111-111 1111.11.11 1.. ...111 1.1 l.1xl1111 L1 ,X .X., 14,1wh,11I, 1 111111111 11.111 1'111,1D1X 1XS'1'1. Vw ...1r1111.-11 .11I1'.'1111u 111.1 x11111'u, 111 111111 .ww ful 111. '12, '11. 1l1I1,XXI1151,Xf1i 1111111 '11, '31 lJ11I111111'r, 11, 11: 1.1 l.lwl111.1, 11, 11 41 :X .X 111u111'1', 111111, 15.1w11.1II. l.1111.1111 11.111, N111111111111g BRAN1' V1 INT 1 1-1.1.1. .,1 .1 1.111.111 0111.-1 .111.l 111.-111111: L11'111f11111, 1 I , 1 v - ' 1'R1'1J111'1JX1K 1 01 11111.11-11 11111111 .1r111 1111111111 111-1111 V AJ 'ln 1:11-111' 11:11 l111l IK 11'.-I1 worlfr 11'l11I1' .'11w 81.111, '51, ,1Xxw111,111 151111-11, '12, ,-X111-11.111 1-1111111 12, fu111n11l1e1- ui' -1-1111-, '11, '11, S1-511-11111. 31 1 , . . gf' Huvx 11lc1'.11v i.11c11'l1', 1111'1111xl11' 1 11111 311111111 111.112 '1l .11-'ANI-'1I1f1f1DXV.'X1i1DS f111.1, .111-.11 111:11 l11Il 1-1 11.11 lx11111'11 .11-.I I111'.1.l 1111 1-1'.'11.111-v 11,1v.11',11 111111, '111 '11, X'111' 1'11w111c111, '51, X'.11N R1'111v -..'111,1111'1-, '31, 1.1115 1111-1.111 5111111112 '11, 'il ,X111v11 111111, 11, 11 .'X1l .X1111111f1,1111111l11111, 111 11. K1 1X X N11'1111111111g, 111k111g, 1'v11111s, 211111 11,111 XX'111111-xx nl 1311.- 11.1l1. '11, '11, 11111111111111 511111111 X'1u111' 11ur1m.'1' 31111111 11 1f11S1X1S1'11l11L'1JSON X11 11-.1 11111.-1 xl-.1 1 .11 1-1111-.1 1'1'1 111.111 1.1 11111.11 11.1 .I.'.11'. 111. 1.1.111- 411-.N11.11i11111 111, 11, 111',1x1111'1, 11, C1 :X .X, XX'111l11'1 N11'1111111111g X11'1'1, if, i11.1111l11w11, 311111111 X'.11x11v 111u1x1'1 51111111, '11 91111111111111L, 111k111g, l11wI1, 1511.-11,111 11'11111x 1:1OR1-NC1-1'RO1-h1'1 11...1.. ., ,111 Um...-.1 ..1.,.. x.1,..- .111 ll 1... .1 1...-1.1 ...1.1...-1. 1.1111 I111'1.111 N11.11-11, 111, 21 1.111x1,I1.1, '11, 1111111.41 111111 111 11 Q. X X 111111x 11111111 11111111 11...-11.111, 1 ...1,.... 1-...1 .'XNN11'1'1.'XR.1X1i1fX'1-1111 l. .- 11111111 1.-1 .1111 ,11v11. 1.11,-1.1111 111 .1-..,.......M 11.1.1 .1 .'.1.1..1.. 11.11. 1.11 111, 11, C1 .'X,.X,1.111I,111x1-11,111 1Xf'11l QNON S1X'COX'1C11 .1 11.11 ..... .....1.1 .l.11.-11.1' ..,....- 11111 11... 1...-.1111 1... ...11.-.1 11.1.1.1 ,' 1p11'11.1!1u11 111111, '11, '11, .X1'11v11.111I1r,11 111111 11 X11 X1 tl 11 1511-111 111' lu, 11. L1, :X .X, 1111x111g, Sw.11111111:g 11-11111x, 411111, 1111.111-1', 11.1x.-11111, L.1p1.1111 11111 SARAH COOMBISS Vw Iv Llrgmizml mul Uv: L1 .nL'-ml. This flmrmrny maui. Siu-x hun! lu bmi. Ln C1 111. '31, M42: Iircxhxmn Sponmr '11, C11.1ss1c.11 Club '10, '31, '1l. Art Appreciation Vlub, WO. '11, '1l. Q1 .N A., Swimming, i1h.u11plon Vuxilx' 110c1xvy Sqlmd, Chsli,11x1ung,1'mw11.111. 1'fMANU1E1. CASSIMATIS 11'.- ww 11 uuumi nun Lwru Afuull, 11'lwr:x I-. 111' 11:11 lm' 'fuuzv ROBERT SH1RI,EY llv Imlwrx wrffv 11 :adm mum. Iiu! in 11 mum zu Iwo lm-'II hc u worn LEONA KRAUSS Mu' dum hrr u.'urk will! Ihv hvxt, n1mI mm.-z' urnvplmm nlmur 11 rml, G .X A.,1'1,u1-11.111, VIV1AN RALSTON 1'zL'mv: Lum uluugfw U.-ru su'-'ur 151-:ny ummm! hu wus .1 Ircul. Fulcxmvr. WI. 1.1 Cf.uu11.1, WU: li A. A.. Gull, Hilunu .1Ul.lL'S O151'S'1kEIN Ilv UYII1-uw lin- hull uf :Irv Imwrlfm. .1n,1 1.1 .11 flm mp mr' wvnm, Ihzv Ofiwvm, 1.-mmlvu.-r. sl, ul 1.uL,mn11.1. vl, OPAL ROBINSON N11-XRl1i PQLLOCK Mm- Ivrzghlun.-Ll mum! usvuru Juus .Snuu-1. wmppu. nm! p-'ppu cw-ml. 11':tlv 121-1 wnilus um! lwr LUzm11ng.l uwlyx In Hullx uf I.--urmmy ltr: mlnw LMI! In' :mf Or'c1n-slm. '13, '10, '30, '31: Biology Club, '20, 'HL Arm 1a ikJfli11.1. WU. '1l: 11u1:lm:r. '10, G A, A .xpprvculmzm lkluh. 'l'1: Cl. A, A. 11l1ung. Tvnms. Cin 1'1.xu-11.111 MICHIWL IXURSU1-OV XV11,L.mxx 1N11'I'CHLiL1. 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I I II .MIII-IIKIIIII' II If I I: .IIiIl.I, 'III HI, 'hz I?IIP ,XXII III XIIIX xml If .xI,,.I.I.II.- I.III.-I. IZIIIIII' - .I...II .III I.I.I.-I 'Il KI .X .X. KIIIII II .II 1,IIIl.IIII II-ukwx, I.-IIIIIX I.IpI.I..I IIIII I II,..I.,-..,,I,. 11, I 1 l',A XII RNIIN I R.-XXIIII ' I, ,IMI-.,.I I-.III II., .I,IIIe-I II . IIIIW,-,I .II-.I ,-1..I,III,I II.-'II ..III-IW. 'IrxIIIvII1 XI-xx N.-IIIIII tI.Iw If, lIII'IIIIxlIx' I IIIII II,'I IIOIQKYI I IX' If:X'I'fI'NkI I IIwII.1 .I IIIIIII' I .IIII III-Ill' II'f'II.I III III ' I I II. II, I IvxIIIII.III Sp-IIIMII, If, -I 'I I.-IN uII'I. 'II. .XII .XIIIIImI.IlIIIII KIIIII, IH II, Il. II I'I'IwI-I.-III 'IL I.I1,IIxIIII. Ill. 'II. Il li, N.'cI.'I,IIx 'II, I'IwIIIvIIl II SI-.Irl.II'v, II: .XlIIr:I.rxIIII III SI 'I.I. IS XIIII' I'IIwIIIr:II. Il III II XXI! III XI Ix NLIII 'IL IIIIII IIIII-II, 'II KI X ,X. NIxIIIIIIIIIIg, I. IIIIx I IIIIHII IIIII I II..II.I-wx. If I Ros15H1r1,11,111AN 13'l'111 xl711ul1l I ll 1v y'1rl 1l111w1 I 111l:. H111 1'uIn1l1.,I 11-is 11511111 lwz 11111: 1 CofCf11i, '3l: llirlx' 1,i1cmrv Sncucrv, '31, '33, 1111115.11 Club, '32, '33: Trc,14ur1'r: ,Num R1-11rrw1'111,111vu R1-17 ,XN17131.ACK, '33, CH, A, A., Tennis. 13,1w11.111. Sw1111111111g, Captain bA11. VIRGIL TRAM1E1,1,1 S11711' 111 n1111'l1 111111171 111' 1l111w 1111111 I'l1 x 1i1'.xt1'n111i fur ilu' sl111.'1', Luv lz111111 1'X'1-11:1 81.111, '30, '31, '32: Sperm 1E111111r, '31, '32 111111- m1l1uc nf'1'wcnty, '32, '33, Bmw' 1.1rcr11rx' Sucwiv, '31, '32, '33. Vicc-1 rus1dc11K, '32: 111tcrQc11o1,1QliC 17cb,1K111g Team, '3l7 1.11 C'f,111i11.1, '32, '33: C'1'1c1n1urv Cflub, '33g R1-IJ ,XN11 13I,M'K .h1v1'r111111g N1.111,1gcr, '33 Sch11111 1'1.1y. '32 '33, 1V11i1,K'lN Ro12sB1a1ecs D11 11 l11'11r 11ll ll':11l l71gl1 1111pl,111w1' f ,1l1'l's Jrh11l1'n17 11 .1' 11111x1' Buy1', 1,111 'fy ,'1 icty. ' ' . , 11.11111-11, '32, S11- FQKJI' 21 K miL,Ll' ' 1'1'111 , ' 2: C'h1'1111xlrv C'1u1J, f'y'2,f cwi'11vnt '32: 11111-1w11m,1x11c 11cb,1l1:1g, '32, 131,13 .XNI1D131.1Xff1i .I.lf1, '32. '33, M3 .4 Ol, PROPH1f'I' 11'1Ih 111r1111111v1'u1'x ilu' 1L'1ll 11111f111'I' 'L ln .xmurlly 1'l11!h1n11 llw 1'I1t1' X Aullwnxixvn, '31, '32: C11-C,-Hi, '30, '31 ' ,iry S 'xc ', '3 , ' 7 f lx, 2: R1-13 ND ' . 1 . um n,11 Editor. , , '1X1mn1ing, vnnix, Go1f. 13nwb. , ' 1 11 111, '323 sch.-111 111.111, '11, WJ W 1 21 9p , DOROTH1' M1115 I,A1 1'oN X11 1'n1i1'1.'11l1111I u111l 111111ll , llirs l1ll11' 171u11l 1111111 l1lz1'1l 1111 11lI. Cl.1uic.1l Club, '32, '1'ru,11111'cr, '32, Scc1'vt,11'x', '33, C sl.- 111 '32. '33g G A, A. HARVEY AGUADO lJ111l1 111111 hun1lx111111', 11-11 ,1I1',x11'1:11 I1111' 11'1ll 11l1L'1111s hv 111111111111 11111 111'u1'1 1111! , , . . , ,,, . Glcc L11111, 31, 32. 51111-t,11x'. 31, 12. 1,1 K1-1111.1 311, '31, '32: '1'r1z1x11r1'r, '31, DW.-XRD XVINDISH l111l1'p1'n1l1-111111 111111111-11, l'l111 111111 11'1ll 111'1'1'1 11,11 f1l'111., 1i111,XX1J131,,Xif1i lvpxxl, '11, 1V111,DR1iD '1'R12ADWrXY 111 1111- 11111lzs 111' 111-1 1l11- IT1111111 111 11111111 H1111 11ll l11'1 xlrzqlglm h1' 11111 111 L'1111v Al11v11,r11111, '30, '31, '32, '33: Art ,-X11p1uci,1111111 111111, 311, '31, '32, '33, Vicc 1'rus1111'n1- '32 RI-1,3 .XXII 131.X1'ix 511111. '32, '33, .1111f11'1'11i111r, '33, Arl Svclion, '32, '33: 13i111ogv Cflub, '3ll, '34, '62, S1-111-l,1rv, '32, ,N'1'11'x 51111. '31, '32, Fmlixrv XX'r1lcr, '32: li r1. K, Tcnnix, Swim' 111111g,11i11111g 1V111,PR 9 CHALMERS j'1 1 l1n1111'. 1f 1'1:11m1', 11 111111111111 N 5 1 1lW ll 1' fu,ll11'n11111c11:11 Co . 111. ' 'l2J'33: T cqsurcr, '32 G11 ,Xp11r1'q1.1111111 ,f 1111141 , '11, '32, '11, S1-111 fy.'!31, 111-1,1111-1 31 ,-111v11:rum. '30, '31, '3E,' X'1cu 111111111111 '32 '111'.1x1fr1't. '31: R117 ,XN17 131,1Xf'1i 51.111, 31 1l1':1r1l11111 1'11i111r, '32: G, A. A., 'I'1'1111i1, U1111. J0S1'1J1'11r11ANA1fA H1111 11111-11111 l1111'1- 111111111111 11: 1131- 111111- I'11 111111 1l11' 1l1111av lu- 11111111 111 1111 AL-r1111,1111ic.11 111111, '311, Vw: 1'r1'x111rnL k11u11111.111 l'11l1, '31, '32, S1'c1'1'L,1rV: 13nvx' 1111'r,1rv Suu sly. 217, 3'I 31 '32, '33, S1'cr1'I,11'1'. '31, Vlcu 11r1's111c11l, '32, 1'rr-11r111 '33, f'1m1111i11r1' 111 '1'w1'11lv, '31, '32 33 S1-cm-1,11x', '32 11111'r-wh111nx1ic 1Jvb,1l111g. '32, '13 A . l , 1 1 ,Ll Al A11, If 1 11 1'L'1'17lL1-1,171' J, N . x x gt X , - S 1 111A V Q . 41 I J -1 1 WH 1 I 1 1111.141 11 4 Um' llI111111'1'1l 111111 St'L't'l7IU ILLVJ 1'11'N1i1' KR171' 1 111111 -111111-, 111111 1111111111111 l1111lc1'I1111ll 1-. 1-11 111'r11l1'.xl 1111111- 11.11111'I11.111, 11, N111111'1'.11, '11, '11: Lf.1pI.1I11. '11: lxlcn l11I11 '11, '11 1'I1's1111'11I, '11, 1'1f1' 1'11's1111'11f, '11, '11 K-1111111111, '1'1: N11111111 111.112 '11, 11'II1'11111'11'1l'11111 '1 111111111 ANN 1fNCK ' 1 1111111111110 Inu 11111 11111111 ,11111. 1 11111111 111111 11 111111111111 11111 1.1 i.11I111.1 11, '11 1.1 1'11'111111-111, '11: 11u1f1111r1, 11, 11111 XNIP 111 .'1I'1i '11-11111, '11, 111111111111 11 Ci, .1 'X 11-111111, 11111111 1I1111.111'1.11 11 .1141XN.'V1Ol I-R 1.1111 1111111 11 111 xII1I'I 111111 11111 H11 11111111 111111 1111111111 111111111 11 111111 11111111111-1. 11, 11-1,1l.1xI11I.1 11, '11g 511111111 1'1.11' '11, 111 ll 1X11111,Nf'I1 '1'1'111xI, '11 L1 .1 .'1,'1r11111x,1111c1u'1'. C115ORL11f111-'IRCII H1111' 111111 1111: f11'111111' 1111 1111' I1-111111 1111111' H111 111-111.11111 11: 11-11 11-111111 1111111 L1Iu' 111111 'HI I1 11111111 '11, '11: '1'1'n1111, '11, '11 1.11111111.11.11111-1'11 111.111, 111, '11, '13 1X'11L1IJY15OR1J 1 11.11 111111 .11111 111.111 111111 1111 11111-11, 11-.1 111.1 11.111 1111.111 1111 11-11111, 1.1.11 111111, 1:1 1,1 11111111, 'H '11 1111.-1111.-11x 111111. 11 5111111114 K111111 I!-1' 1111-111.11 11111111111 11 1111- 1111111l. .8111 11111 1111 111111111-11 I1111111111, zu- 111111, 11rI1' 11I1'1'.111' 811111-I1', 11 '11, '11, ,X'I'11'1 R1-p1cw11I.1111'c. 11,51-11v1.111', 11, 101' 111 '11, '11: 1.1 1:1c11rf-1cf11s, V '11,1'1Iw111v111,'11, .-11111'11.111m,'11,'11,'11,1lII1 XNI1 11111111 51.111 11 11 Num. 11, K1 :X .X, 11.1w11.111. 11'11111x, Y111I11' 11.111 11141QN1i'1- 0115111-R ' 11111 1.1 11 1111 1111 1111 11111 111111-1' 11111 11111111 111: 11'111111' I1 1 811111111 f111'11'1 X11 .-111 1-1111111111 611111 '111 WI. 11, '11, 1'nw111u11I, '11: , , 111 I7 1TX1l111Xl1x 51.111, 11, L1 A, .'X,, '1'r11111x. 111'N RACOWSKY II 111 1111- 111 11 11111111- I 111111111' I11 1111111 1111111 111111 11111 111 1111- 1-1111 11.11111111.111 11 11111.1m111.11 11.111-11.111 I'11.11111111111x11111, 11 1fI1fX1CfC1.11R'1'11Y 1111 111.111 1-111111.11 1111. 11- 11.1.1v I 11-1111 1:1-1111' 11111 11 11111-.1 I11- H111 'I 1.1111 211, il, '31, .Mlxlfm 4111111f1I, 11 wi, L11'n1 111111, 11 11 51111111111 141111111 151.11111111- , .1 . I ANNA HOSS11 1 1 1 111- 11111-11 1111-11 111 I 11 L 1' 111111 I' 11111u1r1111111 I-1111 111111111111.111111111111111 41-I I11. 12 ,111 :111prr1.1lI11:1 111111, '11, '11 Srxrrl. 11 111111-11.111111 11, 11, 11II1,1XI1 1SI,.-X1 K 5l.lf1. '11, 11, 11111' ,'1rI11111l11r, 11, 11 11 .-X 11, L1111I, 11.1xr1'1.111, 1r1 1. B1iRNE'I'TEi DROE1a15 l1l11- 11 1111111 11111 shv 11'1111I1f 1111 H111 .1l71 x gruu.'1'ng up. 111110 117111 Q 11 I111I f 1 J Orc'11LfyTf' Art Apprecintiorx Club. '32, 'Viz Co14Qfll1, '11, 1, 1.1 Castilla, '32, '33: 1Xtl1cn.ru111, 11: G. A 1-X. K1fNNE'1'1-1 KURTZ 711111111-r x1r111n1 111111 11 1111-1-ful 111111111 , T from K1'r1m'1h'.1 1'111l1n 11'w111111, '30,'a1,'sz,'11, 1'1.11111. 1l.'3.1Z Alllllglv 'jg oo 0rcl1c11r11. '11, '31, 1.1 L'.1111I1,1, 11111111r.1rv Slumber, 1' 'liz C'111'111is11'v Club, '11, 15.114 lilcrarv Suciulv. f ffw? .rf-fn Al. E13TH1Nl 11111-11 .11 11111-x r1'111:1111 111111'11 1111 1111111 Y1111 .1h1:11I1l we h1n7 flahl. W11l111111 111111 1111 111111 111 1111-111' W 11111 11111 11111 11.111111 11Y1' 11lcr.1ry Suclcly. '30, '31: L11cci'111b. '11. '1l, '31 11b1.1r1.111. '31. Vice lJ1'c1i11v111, SL Secretary. '32, I'1cx111c11t, '33' .11l111v11c K'11u11c1l. '11 1711111b.11l. '31 11-111-r1n1'11'w C'1ul1, '13 RUTl'11:1-XRR121.1. 'I 111' s1m111111l1f 111' 11 171111 111115 f'1'1x 'I11 p11-111urr 1h1- 10111 11111 11A'1'1w I 5 ' ' , 11141 111, '31, '3 Z, '3 3. Ffc1l1masvSpn11m1-. '31 .5111 Appre- c1.1rior1 Club, '30, ,'1l, '1l. '11: Hiulugx' V11111. '11, icllnol 1 l.11'. 11. Cl. A A: ' f f - 7 . 1 , 1 1,AVAlD.-X H111 ll1'1 l11!11I1' 111 11 m11v1- sh1 x 11l11111v1xl B111 113111111 11111 11111111 .1 11111111111 1 !111111l. 1-11111 m11rm11r1 111113, Luth LHJ111- xo x11'1'1't 111.1 pulw rv v11r1' 111 111111 11 l11'11l la f..1wl11l.1. 311, 11, 'lli School 1 1.1y. '32, 11111 .-XN17 1'1l,.U'K -lvplsl. 11: Cl, A, 151, 11.1w1'x.1I1 ROBERT RAMKE ,'1l11'11ux 11-111111 111111 1111 1111. l1'h11'l1 111111111 111111 M1111 111111 l111111lr 11 1111 '1i11111gvCf11111, KH, ll, 11 '11, 1.1 i1w11I11, '11 film' Club '11 DAVID 1AlASS1fX11fl1 llff f'111r 1.1 111 I1l1m1I 111:11 11111: 1171111 g1rI 11'1111I1i111 1111 l'11r I711111' 1'm1'x 11lcr11ry Society. '11, Uwll. '11 1-X1111'11 11- 11 r11. V1fR1X NCJRB1fR 31111111111 ul' I'1111', 111111 711111111 111' 1111 1. Y11 l11'1l1'r f111'n1i 11'11x 1'1'1'r s1'1'11 1l'1.Cnkf111.'1l.'U ii .X A. 1'l111:11cv. 1i1.U1i1fNC1f ANl?11l1..-XN'1'l H1'1' 1'11111' 1111111 11111 an l1r111I 111211 111'111. 1-11711 11 11'111 pl1'11111111 In lim' 1-1111 C11-lx' lilcmry Sucwxy. '10, '31, ll. W3. Yncc 111cw11lc111, '11, Prcviclcnt. 'lli 17ulc111'1cr, WI. 11: Cn-C-111. '32, '1?: 4'1.1wic.1l ilub, '11, 1.1 ffJw1i11.1. 'll 'Tlx G. A. A., Swin1111111g. C'.1p1.1in 111111. HAROLD PHILIPP 1-1l1L'1111S 1111111111 ami' lull ul I1111 .1 1111! who 11 I1l'11'.l hu 111111111121- 1'1i11l11gV Cflub, SU, 11. '31, '31, 'I11-,1,111c1, 11. Sergeant- ,1rf.X1'1111. '11, A11 1-lp111'rc1.1111111 Vlub '1'. Cqhcmiitry l'11I11, '11 '33 Om- H1m11re11 and Svcentyfthrve I . m lllilhflml um! -x1'L'Il7lll'lu I..'XXX'RI-NCI XIII I I-R Hmm Iwu Ins 1.1.1.1 Jlwx I-1- mf IW., mf. mf.. 1w.,,..,w IA x- Im. wx Nw. I-rx I , U:.IwN1r.1 IH NI.-'XIQX' I INIJI X' I .'4..fvf Iv! hum. Jw .I him I., lu. Iv 1' II..III fu: lm lI1ml.w,! -.III SUIIUI I'I.n', If .'Xv! .-Xpprumlmxx I IuIw Q IXmIugx I Iulw Q III IIuI.um'z llub UP, WI. II XI INUIIII' '-I H 4. ,-x A sw,u.umg, IIU.I.'v Wm Ilkuy II ww I'mwI1.vII I ,1pI.v1nIv.vII f I lf. L V 4 - I 79 VL., - f-xx IXIIXN III SI I 'fm I Im .rw Inu 1' ur xwmwfln .'ur.'.J I 1I.f'fw'u Im! ffm lnlIw liwl C. X X Il-uIxu. XIIIII I1.vII Iupl.1m I'.IwIv.vII Numm uIuw-Ig1v.vIIll.2II IDJNJXI I5 IVII'I ICIJXN ll.:-1 mul .Lux .I Lulu Ilurl: HI I rm! ummlf Hn a1rlx1.rms:f: Mxm 1 IuIv Il H Huw I1u'r.urx' Sm:--lv 'QW III . K ! .,, . CARI, SI HXCORIX H-I lfwuulfllul. Ximyvw :um Iwi-, .l..,m nw- W- .I.,..lIf AIM-,X Iv.:III. 'Ill XI, WI. 'YI I'-.1wImII. My Xummxx MI1-XII y,.,.1.1..I.- .'XX'ANI5I.I.I5 .IONVS Ur- luflx W lwuf' Mn' gum Ilukmg ulmwl f'fwI-:lui mu! Imu In 11 lmmzzflll wr-I1 :XII .-Xpprvfmlmn 1IuI1. JU 'lu I,x k.ulnII.x IH 'XI Iimlngv Club. 'II KS, .X A. Iimkwv Immun I4.uwI1.1II I.1pl.un I'v.uII IIRIVIUA CIARBI'R Imdu Ilmxvfz mm' nf Mun If .i.'!.IJ l'.m.wwrg1 hull' luuulu mul ml.-IIIII ful IIi. IZ: .MIun.x-um. WI, 'Il tml! Iilvnxx' Mum .xl I . . . 1. lI.xun.lI llub. XI, ilwxmxlrx' 4IuIv. Iv CI .X ,'X. hull Ilmluv, 'Ikvnv1u, Nuuvnnvng XX'II I IAM GORIXIAN X-wax' au' Il lun :vrmulur lvl! :ull mw IIN xfndm ' Lqm IIHIH H I II Sul Ii.-XVI AN Iwmw. rw xl-I-. ,hm mul' lwm lf. f.11,1..f ,...fJN.. ,W mf WJ U1fI1u11.x. HI I':.uuI, '21, V. U KI'I'I'IIf KIRK If ww MII Inu-.I Ir- .Ivmwux :ww IV! flufnlll-1 :mu If mms :Uni In hm' I.1u.m.II.x Il. '13, L, .X :X N'1AR11 1,1A S11-1N11Ak'S1-R Mn' 111111 111111111 1111111 11111 1111111 11l'111' 11il1- 111111111 1'1'l1l ilu' -11'11' 1111'11' 1'1: 11111-1 11111 11 11111111111 :mul I11 11111111 11 11111111 1111 1'1111ll' .1111 H1111 X11'1 1:111111 'SH '11 3' 11 -X N D1-11.15 P11'1z1a1-ss In 111111111 1!'wq1 111- 11111 11111 11111 111'1 11111-11 1111 11'111m1 11111 - v 4,-f , I' V 1 '11 1 -J - . 1 1'R17XNCf1S DDNN H1113 p11.x111!1111l1l P1111 1111 111111. 11111 1111 !'11v: bu 11111111111 11 1111 1111153 111111. 'Wi' 411111 V11111. 111. '31, '37 13 Swim 'mug B1 RN1CQ1i 15L'N1D15RBL'1i1i .Vw 11111111 111-11:11 .1l1'111l11 111111 11111 111111 11'1 111171 111'11 11111171 111111 11'1'11 111111111 1'.111111.1,'11 '12 K1 :K A. 411111 1111Q111'x'. 1111111 Vx'A1.I.S X111 111111311 l1k1' 11111 11111 11111111 111111 - 11111 111111 111111 111-11 1111111 111111111111-11 'J 111'.1x1111.1. UV. '31, '12, 1'1wfl'f111, WI: .K11wnm11111, '11, 11, K1 .N A., 1'1.1x1'1v.111. 15121-D KO1211l.15R 11111 11 111-1-11 1-11,11-11 111 111111111-1 L'1r11w1 II11 111111: 1x 1'x11'1l111J R1C1115xR13 BU11RfX1AN 11111111111 11 11 1111111111 nun-1' ,11111 111 11111 11111 1111111 1111111 1111111 11111111 AURA1.1A CARAN lJ1111'l 111' x1111111x' 1111 ln' 171111.' 111' l11'r 1111111 fur 11 111111 1.1 l.1w1111.1, '31 L1 .N A. 1111111111 411111, lf.1pl111n b.111 1i11w11.111. fNc1w11u1 I'1.1x, '1l E1 01515 1'1L'C1'1 I 1- 11111 111 1'111111-1, 11'1111'11111. l51'l1-rags 111 l'l11111', 111111 111' N11 ,X1'1111'11.111u11 411111. Wl, 11r111'rk1'Jn1 '31, K1 .X A, N111uu1 l11.1111p1o11 L11p1.11n b.111 l1'1111'1. WI. 1H.1w1'11111, RAYMOND Vs'AI.I.1'XC1i l1'11 x11'11ll I111I 111311111 11'1' 11111 H1111 I1 11l11'11111 1'1'1'1'1f'111, 111111' 1517111 1w'111 f 1 1'111 '31, I1'111-111111111 111111. 'W if My 1 Om' HLll711f1'41 111711 Sl'L't'l'lf1f'f1L't' Inu H11171Ir1'1l um! S1-L'1-111111111 IfI'lII'NI5 XVUIUK l11ll 1'1'1' Iwlnml 11'1lI' 1I'11'11mL1 1': IX'I1'11'11' 11 11'1-pflv 111 I1-1'l1v1g1 I11w I.11.1-l1II1 II X.I.'33. I5.1n1I.'II.'Il, IDORLYI IIY IIL'I.I. Siu- 111111 11 11111111 111 1111111111111 111r.f In 111.111, 1'11:1- 11: 1!-1 11-11111111 .hw .X:Iv1-1v.r11m, 311 X11 X-v'vv1-r1.1111111 1'IuIw II' H' I5uIq1m WI, II. I3 Xml! I1l1'1111x' Smxvlv Xl I3 I1 l.1-111151. II1v1v1w111x XI1-mIw1 WI. 'II III I' XYI5 I'1I Ax x 5l.1II I3 Q1 X X II1w1I11'x, II1-umw I3.1wIuII 1 . - 1 . 1.I ,XINI I..X.XfXS '.:'1 ' !!11'1i. 1.1'11'.1 11 Vw! In 11 141.1 1:1'1 v'11 111111'1 4 I.1 l1111IIu III. NI. If Im1sI I' , 1 ,X I I'-1clw,1II II111I11-X Nxx1m1w1'. .rx IuII 'I'll11w1m1ei-Il111.l13x11-XX II1 1 111IL,1s.n 11'111l11 :1'1,'I' Iww 11 XIWI 1 1 1' ' 11 ' ffII.fXIil I 5 Ij1IiUCKXIfXN II1 1'11I1'11 9111 1111111111 11.-1.11.11 111'l11.l1v-11 11111111--111, X 11ua1N11X XX'1-XRNIN1, lf- 11.1111111111 dw ll 11111111 111-.111 Im! 111111I' II11' 111!'1w 111311 11111131 Il11!:11'11 I-1'1 111111 1111111 I11-.I 1.1 l11'11 X11111w 111 I'-qw dw 1111111121 11' II1. 'II 'Il I.1i'.u11I11. WH. II 'Y 1 .X .X IM-1-Iw1'I I.II.l I1XN I':.Xl XII Il II!'1'1' 11lI 11 111111 111'11' 11111 lzl :1'11I!a1 I111 In-1 11:1- l.1 l,1111II,1 'YH II11I11m1'1, If K1 X .X II1v.I1.'x ilu Iv.1II I 11pl.uu I1.1II C11-ORM!-IiO!I,I.-X5 I11 11- 111'111111 L111l- I7111' l1..11- 11 M1131 I z1.111 XI'11!1f'1'111 11-1 Im' I.: f1I1II.v ' ' Il if I5 I'v1w1I1':vl 7 I11'xNl11 Y , 1 - 1' ' V W X P 11K 'X' .I 1- ' , If III RHI Rl SIUILIII XI11:11 I'111: JI111l 11 11X 11!111l: 111 :mini I1- !'111M :11lI' I'11 1i1X1v1ml11vv' w I'1:1JI'f I I If.'XISI-'IIIXXIIIIII lfux l1J1'l1 1151! v'11 11'1! lI1J1'41 XX 1'1A lx 1-1' Ir: l11'.' X11 1'1'l1J l111 I KIM-11.vI I I11Iv If II U:1Iv1-X111 'I' L1 X .X II1-.R If 11WTI N Im.wI IIIJV, G1 'IIHIZLMA I.OX'INL3L l H Ilrr huxul vurs ami ulrvlrvc ffwllrn' Xu-rr' lu humxlr Ihlngr lfiut rmlllcr. CI .X .X, Ilockcv. IXIORRIS XVAIDNIIXN .Xlmuv umm u I1L'clu 1.141 Xml Lum mrvr. vivuux um J ' f .,x' V, A1,11c.h ZIMB,-mimi . 1 Im' will wmv 1.1 hc .11 Um. I J Il xv:-.-If I Im., W J.-WU I., um' IMI4wgx' I Iub. JI. rl IZLORITNCI5 CIRONI' lim Ilurlz Irmn-I Iusx, M1 mv.-I .:mI ww IX nm- un Lulmnr mm .Im NIU 'IU .iw Iwr .mmf :phrn slv uw .Xml rn .'u1.I.- 11 Il-1.-X mm phu- Ixl xxlIII.1 'II '31 Scluml I'I.u'. Xl U .X ,X Iluckrv Amcjl- ROXII-RO Iiuql-I .md .Iwwmm LI-:Im Iwi Inu, v R r .Vw ll In f.lrv'um, I Im uc, wrmuI.:1l, ll I 1 TJXUIIJ WU, 'II lllrIx Ix'cx.ux' Quin-lvl II Sch ol IIIW, Il K. .X X. Ivum-, XHIIIQX INII kIr.x1 unfpr- INII IIm'kcx'. Nwnmxnxug xg I'I.'XIiOI.D IXIOLIDI5 IMI Inu, zu'-I1 IX wI1p.'vI:f IA I: ,: ' XXIIII IH' !I'.- yu rmfl ' ' ,ww mmf? 'IX Rolsl-RT Bonn Hu IRIN zx IIIIHLI Iww mlm mc Il ur Rub lirrlll rw Pwr I1L'u:'w In plvuxun orm.u14Iv High Sfhnol, Ulvs Club. 'IU SI, '32, Ilmmaiic Club. '3l: I7oorb.xII, 'Ill ikmlrml High School, Orches- lm. '11, 'Wag OIL-c C'Iub, 'Xl MfXI5IfI, RII.IfX' ,XIIIIJI-I ull! vfvr Iwlll In-1 phnv In nur' Iuuxrtx :wth lwr Ilurw Inn! wmv 'rIa' Iin'r.11'v Sucivlv, 'Il. 'Wu In Iilulr dr-I,is, '31, MSI. Yvauw Rcpluwul.xllvr: I5uIcInwr. 'Il Li .X A. I's.1wbAII. L'.1pl.1in MII. RUV11 WIIISLNBQRN XX'.' Ln- mum! Imzum mfr mul- Urvlcw :fx mu' um! frm' III?-' Null? rugraphy Vlub, '5I: CI. IX .XM IIULINV, Bawlull, Cf.1pK.lIx1 ball, RALPH IVIASCHMIEIITR Hu xurmu xnulc null ulwuw lm- .X glands dvr IM.-'s m-nl sfcwmu wa. I I ve l1Lm:1'1'.'.! um! S4'L'L'r7!Lf-sum-rv .lzml um! .S4'L'4'l7lU null! lVlUR'I'IMlfR GORDON lu limlrvuny lu' lull fu-'l In ll'unm'l.x lll-vp lwx nyrml null lluwll l3uvIugV Klulv, '3l. llruillrnl. '31, 'l'rr.1ullvr. '31, '33, Vmfc IH-wnlvxml. '33 Vlvrxnixlux tlub. 31. :Xl-xun.nxliL,1l Club. 'EH .llfNNIlf l l1'XRlXCl5X'lff.ll lr M will rllulu ww! UH' lull' lrwl lull. llwx lull ulllul .l1ul!' .'3lln'n.1lln1, '3ll. '3l' FUI' Ill, '31, 33, S.-fr.-1,xrv, '32, Vin' l'ruialunl, 33. 4'l.us l'l,xx'. '3l. All .'Xpprvu.1tmn Klub, '31, '33 ln l lrul llr l lx. '32, Sfcrcl.1xx', 'Eli C1 A A., 9w1n1n11ny1. lvnnlw, llurlwv DOROTHY XVAUNVR llur-1ll'u lun -llllmlu uml Ulml' .lml n ul.w Lwlu lull nl' fmv, lui lin, 31, 33: ,Num Sufi. 31, w3,i1,A A. l'lARUl,l5 KRl5'l'Cl lMlXR .llurnzgf zulu. lmnl. nlulcwll lwwlx lll ln! lu' x pumluul ul lm nwuls. l1C'u1vlIu'3l '3''33'C-vmlluh'1 3i ' . Roxllllm lllgf lull ul xulmm un- um 4' llnl lw.x uwul: uml luul lux pl-lu l.: lull .'3l.'33,lvlrvflub.'3l.'3l:C'l.usI'l.1y,'3l: v lil .XNI1 l3l 'V lx, .lunim Subwmfl, 'L DUROTIIY Sli4El1l.Kl'N Xlw Imulvll-m mu dum lull' I-rr mul.- .-lml rmllzm l:l.- wln- mu-lf nvurr uwvlv armlr. Klruglapln' Llnb '3l. Cl :X XX. llmkrv, l3.1wl'v.1ll. Ynllcy lv.1ll,1 .xpl.l1nlull Sl-LMA l.liX'lNSON l'npl1llu cull' va'-'lumn' .Snr-'rl mul gnu. mul lull rv! lun ,fm .lxw-.'l,..l..m cm. ww, '11, cms lu.-my smfly, 31. 33 llulumnx. 31, 33, lv. A, FX. lvnnlx, lbw- lull. Ilmkrv, Swnmnung. tml! Summl-1 wlnml gr.nlu.1tc. .IAMIPS MLIKIISISIN Hu' 4-.urlv fl wnluvll lull- In lux pllm' ,llwv n rw iw pwplznll I-u ilu- mln. mlwul 4 lmunpmvu- an l3.uIu-llull. '3l. '33 AR IHUQ BRcwslL's .lf Ifnwllmll Um .wr xfnp llwx .hf llwx lrurliulll plum: Imvlu llw pull, l-nullmll, '31 Numu.1l, '31 lvllrv: Lulu' Club. My 'Xl. '32, l'1u1rlvnl. '31, Ulrlnwlm. 'IU C1l-R'I'RL'IDI- l7lfRI.MAN ff.-flu u w nu-lu wmll lm: xh. 1.u.m.u.w U, .1lI, fuflll. '31, '33I Cxlllx' lllm'l.lrv Sswlvlx' '3l, '31, '31 Yvllw licplcwlmlxlxvr. '33, .-'XIl1cn.rum. '3l. '3l. '33Z K I.lksu.xl l llll1. 31 . LZ A A l'v.xxcl1.lll. 'l'm'lH1lw, Swlm- m ng. Yollrx' lull. llwlkrv. I. ROSE SOROLIK Hun qfrl ix rl-ullu quill' 41 bulls: Iuvrgfllrmg shi' :lol-N is done u.'vII. Ln C'.1xrill.x, '10, '10, '11, '3Z: Dulcimrr, '31, '31: G. A A, lS.uch.1l1, lloclxcy. HARRY BUCK Ihlzyvm 1' ami xklll url' mule: :lml mlm Iwo uf 1-lurry's zrmlx, Track. '11 11-uvr, FRANK SIEMINSKI 'l'frl-ru iw rl you lhut paxxrf vuergl IMI: 'I hu! 13 lhv my of ziomg one's In-sr, Tmclx, 'l'7Z Football, '32, HELEN CASS11N1AT1S Grrcian hvuuty u'rII Lum hrr us much fume As Homrfx hurolm- of Ihzx same swvu! numv. Art Apprcciation Club, '30, '31, '32, '33, Arhcnzcum. '30, '31, '32, '31: C10-C-Hi. i1. nZ.'33: Chemistry Club. '31, '32, '33, 1'rcx1dcnt, 'Hp RLD AND BLACK, '31, '32, '33, G. A A, Swimming, Tcnnis, limvball. lVl11,DRl5D KOPIUVICA Shl- hriahlvncnl mmm wrury days Wulh hvr xrnilvs um! wmning ways. ff Art Apprvcialion Club, '20, '30, Sl: Biology lnlb, '30, '31, '31, Girlx' literary Society. '32, G. A.,A., Hoclwy. Tennis, llmxuhnll, Cnplmn hall ChAmpions. '32, . MORRIS CORMAN N Hw qumliunw ull wrthm his kcn mlm! probes inlu thu ulfurrs of mm. Orchrstm, '31, '32, '33, l.n Castilla. '32, '33: Gym Club, '31, '33, 17r.mk1m High School, Nulus Slnfl, '11, Sporlx Editor, '31, JAZ7 15:.nnl, '3l. JASPER DE S1MoNE Ili: limughliul xlvl-pu uyus l'ruhv llrupvr Ihlm om' would surmisc. Bnnnl, '30, '11, '32, '13: Orc1wQtr:1,'10,'3l,'32: Dnncr Orchcsrm. '10, '31, '11, School Play. '3'l: Summcr- school gmclunlc. IDA BENJAMIN Blufk. uuzuu hun' um! mlm so zlnrkf S1755 ulwuux rvmiq Io: 11 lurk. G. A. AH Golf, llockvy. 1-l1f1.1EN SCHROVDER lrurnfwhrrl- lhuz H1-Im goes Hvr pvr.w1ml1lLl gllmua. Liulvrllrnnz: A'muS Staff, '12, '33: literary lfdilnr, '11 LH. A. A.. '1'vnn1s, Bmcbnll, Vollcy 11.111, Swimmxng. Qxpmiux lull. FRED SC11U111.1ER frm! hm .xurh u follq fmt: lor othvrs hl' u':II wi 41 pucv. Om' Humlrvcl und SL'L'll7lU'V7I'l7L' Om- llumlrvd um! Ezghlu PAUL HOFFMANN llc uwlyl ulmut :will u munlq un, .Xml wax :Juris L1 mm: mmmg llrv fum DOROTI IY Y ROMAN Ao llvlunlu goal lun: mln- m mzml. But xlru'll rivuwr llnyvr lar lwhlml. la Castilla, 'lll G. .X A., Gulf, Fmwb.1ll, Tcnnii, Su ming. 1 . J I ' I 3-1 : ' ' ' , i YQ1.l.IwL? lJ.N1ul.11Q3fxm f' .1 lwnlml nmnl nam -'ur llul-wry. .X xLL'vt'lrr gill lm-' mfur hwn x 1. I.: Cf.ul1ll.1, 'lkL'3lT 35: Schuol- Ilhv, WI: Ihxcbnll. Cnpfmj M-V'+rsr1rsy, Swimnng TQ HIERSCHIEI. W. IIISHNIAN Ill' v fn-1 w mll. rn fur! qmlu snmll, lim fn Um fvmlwz .1 mu 1.1 .fll . W, ,X I .1C..1stnII.1. -, O'l lUIJIHXNNIZBI-,CK15R Ulm :R :mr .w rvru lull, .Xml mf.-I ln- plum gum! lv.1wlc.'!lv-:ll 41 Gym K Iulv. JV: l3.ukvlb.11I. WI, '31 mlnwml. NTYRTLIQ lVl0l,2I.I.I5R .Swwlllzu L1 Immn :lm m.n.lm :ull mv .Xml rmgg xuprvrm' in llzu rmniml field Q, A, A. l'v,ncluH K'.lx.11v1piuuxw, Wl xx. RVTH JIENNINUS All flu' plwzry mall mg.: lv U.-uzlr .ln lfunmmlg mrnlmwvll m Rurl-. K.. A AW Gull. B,xwb.u1I, J II SKCOONS limp' lnlvr lun ml K . l :mul iw u.. If ullwn f. Ill yu! lm .nv S A'-iv, '3O. Wl.' : Ir 'ly s SAND1212 BUNN NH- lm-:u.' ln- lxn'I wry full. Hu! quml flzlngv mum- m pnrculx snr.:-ll liuyx' l.ilrr.mry Soc clv. '31, 'Vu Cfhrnlinry Club Vice l'rcQidcnx, '33, Ifl.oR12Nc3l2 Goc,3c51N Ol' .xulrllv rlmrm, I Ju ll.-slun- 'llnx nmnlvn has nmru llnm hur xlmrr. u 1.1 Kf.utill.x. '-'7. WU: Arr Appruciatiun Kllub, ' islry Club, '3l: U A. PL. Tvnnix. l'n.1wb.1ll. G. .X X nnis. 7 l.l Club 1' am nl: Klux Biology Club, ALEXANDER KRUPSKI H0 never worrivs about tmliza. For !omorroxu's anothur dau '31, '3l: Chemistry Club. '31, 1 lDA LUCILE lVlCKlNNEY Nccrr wcargl, ncvcr Iirz-ll Going on Uhr om' fnspzrvd Stopping only to say Holla, 'Tis knozuledgc that bln- .suvkm 'ffru 1:11114 ll 'SU 'll' ll' Ncw Town High School, Latin Club. 'l . ' Club, '23, '30, '32: Dramatic Club, '?l, WZ. Scwi 1.- Play, '3Z: Class Trcaaurcr, '3l: C1-izrrnl llxlgiu Soilml, News staff, '32, Assistant Ijdixor. X Jo: W N ' l F V Ir s suf 0? ll .gf 1-but is Ulrrrlc Ju, Boys' Literary ic ' l, '3 , . lVlAUDli PRICE fllthnugh slvc is c,rlmm1-lu shy Shvis om' on whom you nm rm-Igf, Co-C-Hi, '32, '33: G. A. AH Hockcy. Bnscbnll. Golf. Tcnnis. ' u Swimming. V ' N 'v ' X l l .- ,rf . Nil M' XXI X LONGEOR ROSS JOE ll'hc'n we go back lo furmrr daye I-'ur Juc you will hour much pruixv Om- Humlrcd and Eighty-onu f-15.- uf.. ...-1.ff- 10 f 11 'ffQw'?CX 2 Y ' i 1 ,L 'f.ff'if.,gff7f.' lQ3f'5'7 ' .f'.Lffi '53g f y' fl. 1.7. :N 1 1 1. 1' ' -1 A 'f' fa,1'i1f21-1w fi-1-..1z1.f:f1iw E.1,...,1 'Mg .1 XVll.l.l.1XXll5Rl'Nli VlliQ1lNlA Dliljlilill ll' 1'11 111. 1-l1.- 11'1ll 1111, 111' 11'1l1l ll'l11'11'11' 11 I1uhhI1111Jl11L111l1 l11llw 1111 1111111 1'111 II111 11.-11 1'.-111111 111.11 111l1'1-.H H111 Y1111 1.111 111' 11111111 11111' l'1r111171'11'1 11111111 1111-li l.1l1-1-.1111 S11c11'11'. 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'11, l.-11.-1111.-111 f.1111111l1 11.-1111.-1 11.11111- ..1..-1 11,u1,4 111 411111 'l11l1, 'UL l5.1x1'l1,1ll, 'll l1'Il1'11111'11'xll11l1. ll XVll.l.ll5 lVll:Yl5R ll1XROl.lJ SIMMONS ,l 171,117.1 1,1 ,1,,.,1 11.11..1.1 11.1. 111.11 11111111.11 1-.111 If-' H 11111111 111.1-11-.lf :l111l 11 111111111111 11'1111 111111111111l11' 1.111 1111111 l11l1, 'Y' 11. 1111- lllL1I7Lil'L'l1 111111 l:'1'11lJ111f11.1.'11 f 'Ws.T..f-sa1s.,.f'yPi,3.Zi'TgT35f.1i...:. , 1. 3, 'X 'm me 1 gy 'ff , , .s Wm i-1 ., 1. ff L- :V f 11' -. ,, lg :fw7 'f-few 1 W A HARVEY SHIELDS Forging uhi-ull. he ni-ver yielilx. He will iurfeell. Ibis Harvey Shields. Summerfschool graduate. RosE LAND l.'L'i'ry one in Central knows Thu! pleasing senior girl rizllt-J Rose. 1.a'ffastill.x, '30, '10, '11, '32, 'SM R129 AND BLACK lypist. '33, G. A. A.. Captain ball championship. UZ. Baseball. GLADYS NoLAND Glmlgx has ri pri-ltif smile To lmow her is w-'ll worlh while, Summer-xchool graduate, N HIZNRX' CANDY Ili- ix in uifilbli' ullil lriml Xyf ,-lml iilm has iijofly m n , . , 1 ' lraclt. 30. l K 1'11j1.1'iN DlERBERGER Baht-'.v cherry Lfoicv rings through the hulls. She will hi' mixwil from ffi'nlrcil's tuull. G. A. A,, Swimming. '30, Tennis, '30, '11, Hockey, '31, Valley ball, '30, Baseball, 5l, Captain ball. BZ. LEOTA 1V11E112R .-ln Llfllhl iiiziv, un izrliii furvuur ll'i'll likvil now, forgotten rieuvr. Art Appreciation Club, '30, '31, '31, '33: CoAC-Hi, '31, 'SL 'VM G. A. A.. Swimming. Hockey. Baseball. C1-IIESTER CEBRZYNSKI lflushing ny.-x lhul xi-um In sau Q I.vl's he merry. 1.1-1'x he guy. ' VJARD NlCBREAR'1'Y little though the holy may lu- 'llve world iuill lzmiiu .llcliri-urlu. Gym Club, '11, 'liz Geography Club. '10, '31, RAY O'N1fl1.l, 'lo iuorlz and play lu' is umliliflnl slml rmmy of lim-'x llruy have Cuvlflitliul. Glee Club, '19, '30, 31. Summer-school graduate NICK D12 Rl12NZO 'Thug .Huy liffs u fmt. so I laugh Hiiling mix Ilmughls 'nvulh foolish rhull. CLARENCE JOHNSON To ln'uz.'t-ri and 1-urth I hultl llw ltru By ruuson of mu pliiloxuplvy Basketball. '30 numeral, '11 numeral. '11, llaseball. il. 'll numeral. ANNA SEIDEL Hi1png,f. is Ilie mime Annu lwiirs Because nf Ihr rhurming smile she wears, Dulcimer. '3Z: Chemistry Club, '12, '33, News Represen- tative: liederkranz. '11, '31, ROBERT HO1-IMAN Robert iv knowrv to almost t-uwgfcirii-5 lkvpiiliirlly ht- wurrly has won. ARTHUR QUILLO 'J J lfwryonr liked Ihis boy mzmul .-lr! H.-cuuw he u.'-is so uuru miu1l. FRANK LUMAR JJ V VINCENT SANi1ii.ii1Po Though m't't-r ti xlar, I-'funk l.umu1 ll'lll1 mu mimi' I rmilrul llull Ihr' will und will yu fur. 'l he ilri-anis in the hmmm mul. Baseball, 'll numeral. Oirliestra, '1l. '31, ll: Gym lllub. 'VM Track. '1l. 'i AT THE BABY PARADE 1. Sleepy Head ,.,.,,....,,,....,. ,..., . .... , ,... M arcus Brinkerhoff 2. Contented .........,......,... ..,. V irginia Vllarning 3. You Little So and So ...... 4 . Baby .,..,... ,. , ,.,, 5. This ls No Dream ....., ....,, . . 6. Someone to Care For ..,...... .. 7. Hats offl Here Comes a Lady ,, 8. Aint'cha Kinda Sorry Now? ..., 0. Who? .....,.....,...................... 10. Fiddlin' My Fiddle ..,... 11. Lovable ,... . 12. You're So Delicious .,.,..., .. .. 13. 1 Send My Love With These Roses 1-l. Shes so Nice .... ..,...,......, . .. .... 15. Gosh Darn It's ...,.......,... ,,.. 16. Look Who's Here ,.....,... .,.,..,,. 17, Let A Smile Be Your Umbrella , 18. 1 Don't Suppose-Yes-It's .... A .. lCOnlinued on Helen Dierberger . .Kittie Kirk .....,Dorothy Smolinsky Helen Cassimatis Bernice Gierer Haleenc Pendergrass .....,Myrtle Prophet Dorothy Hull Eva Muse Lillian Balmer Auralia Caran Elisabeth Hudson Vernon Arms Howard Vwlilliams ,. l.aVada Hill George Pierce page 190 J Om- Humlrell und Eighty-lhree THE ISA HY PA RA DIS gr! 4 t ,,,. 31. if 34- I-IERE THEY COME fSec paqu 1852 A . . t Q '31 .iI.. Tw' - -i H E' THE DULCIMER CLUB By Florence Lewin, '33 O have talent in any of the Helds of music is to possess one of the greatest assets of the world, for it is a neces- sity as well as a luxury. Music brings relaxation and peace of mind, together with great pleasure. The girls of Central High School, in appreciation of this art and because of their desire to improve their group and indi- vidual singing, formed one of the out- standing organizations of the school. The society first met in 1906 under the direc- tion of Miss Teresa M. Finn, now sponsor of Chaminade, of Soldan High. The club has had several other directors, Miss Charl- ton, Mr. Arthur Davis, and Miss Pauline Arnold. In l926 Mr. Bluthardt, its very popular present director, took over the OVVICIERS, FIRST TERM President . . .... .... .,., . G race Uber Vice-President .... Myrtle Ketcherside Secretary .. Gwendolyn Wood Treasurer , .... ..... A nita Winter Librarian . . . , , . .. Marthan Cain News Representative ,.., Florence Lewin sponsorship of the organization. The girls of this organization are ambi- tious and sincere in their work. It is their desire to improve their tone, to broaden their knowledge of music, and to master all types of musical compositions in an endeavor to uphold the name of the Dulci- mer, which means Usweetness of tone. The Dulcimer is always ready to be of service to the school. It takes part in the commencement exercises, in auditorium sessions, and in other school activities. The girls are admitted to the club after passing a very simple vocal test, which is given by Mr. Bluthardt. All the girls of the school are invited to take this test if they are interested in the work of the organization. OFPICJERS, SECOND TERM President ..., . ...... ., .... Mary Lindly Vice-President .,....., Dorothea Armstrong Secretary .. ...,. .. .... Virginia Woelbling Treasurer . ,. . ,..... Esther Cresswell Librarian . . . Blanche Weiss News Representative.. . Martha Cushman THE GLEE CLUB By William Davis, '36 66 ITHOUT a song the road will never bend. How can any one succeed without a song? Central High has had a Glee Club since the year l896. lt was in that year that the Boys' Glee Club was organized with Mr. Knox as sponsor. The Club at that time had about fifteen members. The history of Central's Gleemen is but a long series of musical engagements. Many Sundays found them singing in a church One Humlrezl and Eighty-six choir. The theater was also the place of their performance. Central's Glee Club won the gold medal given during the Worlds Fair! The one outstanding musical perform- ance given by the Club was the singing of the oratorio Elijah which was given in 1925 together with the Dulcimer Club. This concert was given over the air through radio station K. M. O. X. The Glee Club has had many directors X THE DULCIMER AND GLEE CLUBS - ' f X - - s . ' - f '-AU...-i. ru, i.af1y,,af , EQ,-as .ff .fm q.,,,a,af -r-sf... -I.. K . .Q-'f-A--5.5-,75,.vL. 3 , air sc ' 'WN 6 who more than deserve honorable men- tion. They are Mr. Knox, Mr. Curtis, Mr. Kelsey, Miss Arnold, Mr. Bluthardt and, last but not least, Miss Gerdes. Miss Gerdes is our present director. The combined musical clubs sing the Christmas Carols and provide music for Central's graduation exercises. The spring concerts which were enjoyed .Lf I, so much in the past are being revived and as this book goes to press the clubs are preparing for the spring concerts of 1933. So much for the past and present. May the future hold even greater success and accomplishment for the club. To attain higher peaks in musical performance is the goal of our present organization. William Garner MENIBERSHIP Fon THE YEAR First Bass Seibert Etter Wayne Brinkerhoff Raymond Robinson Henry Krey William Davis Tom Weir Al Efthim Arthur Brosius Jack Hopp David Hassemer Delbert Montgomery Aloysius Kuberski Marshall Hamil Edwin Dueker Ralph Dorsey lsrael Pass Harold Schneider Emmet Walsh Paul YVorsham Virgil Tramelli Robert Ramke Second Bass Noble McMahon Wilton Hutchings Ferdinard Gomez Herman Plegge Clarence Shepardson Hamilton Cherry Charles Grimes Vernon Watts Samuel Starr First Tenor Robert Bold Warren Brewer Lawrence Shaw Harry Moshkowsky James Simanella Tom Efthim lsadore Fiman Second Francis Friel Kenneth NVeiss Fred Begemann Cyril Hessler Andy Lueker Shirley Jennings William Morse Joe McCarthy Ray Ketcherside Sidney Prince Sidney Schneider Tenor Moreel Buchlmeier Roy Tucker Jack Hale NVayland Johnson Stanley Waleszewski Harris Kramer Garnett Overbey Cyril Staniszewski f THE ORCHESTRA By Jeanette Wolf. '34 HE Orchestra is the second oldest ex- isting organization at Central. Al- though it has been dissolved a number of times, it still maintains the high stand- ard of the Orchestra that was organized in the fall of 1896 under the direction of Mr. Egmont Froelich. The Orchestra, because of an insufficient number of members, broke up in 1898. During the two years of its existence, the Orchestra had become very popular among the student body. Then Central's musical talent was centered in the Violin Club, Mandolin Club, and other organizations. In 1916, because of so many requests. the Orchestra was reorganized, having Mr. W. C. Ciuy as sponsor. The Orchestra struggled along for two years. often threatening to disband, when in 1918 Mr. Arthur Davis became sponsor. Under his leadership the Orchestra soon established itself as a permanent institution. With the help of Miss Arnold, who be- came the sponsor in 1923, the Orchestra One Hundred und Eiqhfu-n:'r:: '53 THE PRESHMAN GIRLS, JANUARY, S , . -. f 40 Q Y - ,' 7 Ygfiffaffaw 3 . Ek, . . 3 -,Wagga 5, ,C 5 fr-,VT .. wer Y ima. ,--,, Q tm i .f.. N .-:1 .fr rr L ,...' Sap .Ie sw sf- ,r . f 'V PM TTT , Y I . Te 2Ii5.'EiI.:l'E-'E' K my ff. ' z., . . ,- . ':, HW: Q- -'disffb W . -f'Aff I7' ' EE 3 A gAQj'g+-ea' M grew into an organization of considerable size. In 1926 Mr. George Bluthardt became the sponsor. Under his leadership the organization continued to progress. The present sponsor, Miss Gerdes, has stepped in as leader of the Orchestra, and has done exceedingly well. The Orchestra is a popular organization and did splendid work last year at the class play, WaShz'ngton the Man lVho Made Us. The music rendered by the Orchestra on this occasion was received OFFICERS, FIRST TERM President . .,,.,.... .,..,..,.. . .. Max Feldman Vice-President ,.... ...... I-I erman Land Secretary .. .,.. .... J eannette Wollf Treasurer ..., ,.,... I sadore Friedman Librarian .,...., .. .Alex Sher with approval. Each year the Orchestra provides the music for Commencement, Color Day, the School Play, and other school activities. Although the Orchestra does not have so large a membership as it once had, it is still attempting music just as difficult as that which has been played in the past. The Orchestra has enjoyed a successful year, and much credit is given to our sponsor, Miss Cierdes. OFFICERS, SECOND TERM President . . . . ..,.. . . . Max Feldman Vice-President .,... ,.... l-I erman Land Secretary ........, .. .. Richard Lakin Treasurer ..... . .. Jeannette Wolff Librarian .. . .... Alex Sher JUNIOR ORCHESTRA By Mildred Clayton, '37 ANY boys and girls who play musical instruments find when they enter the high school that they are HOK far enough advanced in their instrumental work to play in the Senior Orchestra. Such people are urged to join the Junior Orchestra. The Central Junior Orchestra was started the term beginning September, 1932, under the direction of Miss Cierdes, leader of the Senior Orchestra. The object of this orchestra is to train OFFICERS, FIRST TERM President ,... ..,. . ..... J ohn Carrabino Vice-President . . Mildred Clayton Secretary .. . .... Julia Rajewski Treasurer ..., ....,..,. J oe Ventura Librarian .. . . .... George I-Ioelker the pupils and to prepare them so that they may later join the Senior Orchestra. When the members who are now in the Senior Orchestra graduate, new members from the Junior Orchestra will be selected to take their places. The Junior Orchestra has done quite a bit of work since September, the members having learned about half the selections in the book being used for study. OFFICERS, SECOND TERNI President .... . ........ ...John Carrabino Vice-President . . . .. ..... Lee Daney Secretary .. .. .. . . .. .Mildred Clayton Treasurer . . Mildred Clayton Librarian .. . Julia Rajewski Um- Humlrerl and Ninety-one 33 ANC.,-IRY. ' YS. J N ISO E FRESHMA TH ,gg gay.ewa....aa..w-wa f.-r1eJQexw: wwf +Qpa,eg:ggQ.a:ggi1jjgj ' T12 7 15N , ,, . 1 V .Q --f-1 ,- f- V, 'pf - ,klryfrre asa QM- ' LE,E:T?4 THE BAND By Clarence Siegfried, '33 HE scholastic year of September, 1932, to January, 1933, closes the fifth term of active work of one of Centrals' most colorful and impressive musical organizations-the High School Band. The Band, in September, 1930, then consisting of only twenty members, was organized under the excellent leadership of Mr. Bluthardt, and, with only a few weeks notice, paraded on the Stadium field at the first football game, in full uniform of strik- ing red and black. lt was a decisive addi- tion to the spirit and pep of the school and team, thus being verified by numerous let- ters of congratulations received from the alumni. George Carson was elected Hpeacockf' continuing in that capacity until his suc- cession by William Blanke, in November, 1931. Among the high spots of participation of our Band in school affairs, some of the outstanding are as follows: On February 11, 1931, they helped furnish music for the school play, Vlfush- l'fIQlOf'11'IRh9 Man lVho Made Us, pre- sented at the Odeon Theatre, During the presentation of the Missis- sippi Valley Exposition at the Arena, in May, 1931, the Band gave two concerts on the scholastic program. Both school parades on the Armistice days of 1931 and 1932 were featured by the appearance of this popular institution whose membership has been increased to thirty students at the present time. In September, 1932, the duties of leader- ship were turned over to a new Hpeacockf' Ben Eriedman, who wielded the baton very capably, and practice has continued every other morning in the school audi- torium, as the Red and Black Band pro- gresses forward in the field of extra-curri- cular activities at Central High School. 1Vll2MBERSHlP Pore THE YEAR Emil Knopf--Cornet Harold Blumenkam1:fCornet Milton Greenberg-Cornet Aloysius Boedeker-Cornet Herman Land-Cornet Charles Jackson-Cornet Roy Rowlan-Cornet Joseph Grossman-Saxophone Joseph Ring-Saxophone Warren Boecklen-Saxophone John Carrabino-Saxophone Sol Kaplan-Saxophone Joseph Zucchero-Clarinet Harding Veigel-Baritone Eugene Wuigk-Baritone Reinhard Schmitt-Alto Horn Richard Lakin-Tuba Rex Rowland-Trombone Charles Schultz-Drums Donald Enders-Drums Joseph Nixon--Drums Jasper De Simone-Drums Harold Cameron-Drums Donald King-Drums Alex Sher-Drums Ben Friedman-Drum Major George A. Bluthardt-Sponsor One Hundred and Ninety-three AFP ST NE WS THE Q A 1 n mm ff 4 NEWS GFFICE WHISPERINGS Rana Piplens SAT disconsolately in the News office gazing upon the portrait of our fore- father, George Washington. Fifty-six years since that group of students published the Monthly Blossom in l877, a voice, apparently coming from the East wall, cried, interrupting my medi- tations. 'AHaven't many things happened since then? Immediately there began a retrospection to which I listened with great interest. The Monitor was an eight-page paper of stories and local news, added West wall. 1'But it wasn't better than The Nut in 1885-1886 or the sixteen-page month- ly, The Reflector in l89l. The Literary Societies must be com- plimented for publishing the High School News, continued North wall. lt was considered one of the leading publications of the country. Under the sponsorship of Mr. Clarence Stratton, work was taken over by students of the entire school. lt became a semi-annual in l9l7. Mr. Pratt deserves much credit for de- veloping the direct predecessor of the News. stated South wall. 1'He was spon- sor and editor during the war period. It was so exciting to receive letters from our boys at the front thanking us for copies of the News we sentgto their cantonments and regiments in France. The files from 1917 to the Great War's close are a history of Central's part in the war, resumed East wall. '1They contain enlistments, transfers, and promo- tions. 1 like special issues, such as the Educa- tional Week, the Michigan and Yale Bowl Celebration, and the Tax Campaign .l issues, West wall hurried on. A'The Tax Campaign number of ten thousand copies was the largest issue of a high-school pa- per ever published in St. Louis. lt doesn't seem very long ago that Miss Edna de Liniere and Miss Marguerite George became sponsors in l923, H1927- began North wall. All sighed. A'That was the year of the tor- nado. lt couldn't stop us, for we moved to the Yeatman Building, continued and enlarged our paper, and then the News be- came a member of the Missouri Inter- scholastic Press Association. A'Mr. Wallace C. Gundlach, present sponsor, assumed that position when Miss de Liniere resigned in l930, said East wall. 'AWe got a good staff last term, declared East wall. The Editor was Tillie Balch: Associate Editors: Fred Hedzik, Bill Hinze, Alice Jameton, Florence Lewin, and Alma Reitz: Assistant Editors: Ida McKinney, Helen Reller, Helen Schroeder. Alyce Schneider, Lois Triefenbach, and Dorothy Wagner: Feature Writers: Michael Amantea, Wayne Brinkerhoff. James Kerr, Gertrude Thompson, and Tom Weir: Reporters: Idell Mclntyre, John Alexander, Martha Cushman, Geor- gine Gillespie. Alfred Harris, Mildred Har- ris, Frances Higgins, Rana Pipiens, Ray Robinson, Jost Washburn, and William Weber: Art Editor, Fred Toelle: Typist- in-Charge, Gwendolyn Wood: Assistant Typist, Estelle Kuhnert: Business Man- ager of the News. Joe Brumm, and Assist- ant Business Manager, Edgar Beascoecheaf' The members for the 1933 term, concluded West wall, Were as follows: One Hundred and Ninety-five LA CASTILLA ' Q e ,WIT Editors, Ida McKinney, Helen Schroeder, and Louis Triefenbach: Associate Editors, Daisy Franklin, James Kerr, Rudolph Loeffler, Helen Reller, and Dorothy Wag- ner: Assistant Editors, Michael Amantea, Clarence Benjamin, Sophie Kohm, Ger- trude Thompson, and Tom Weir: Feature Vvlriters, Alfred Harris, Frances Higgins, and Ray Robinson: Reporters, Delarose Aichs, Cecelia Altman, Dorothy Byrne, Seldon Cutter, Frank Faulstich, Georgine Gillespie, Audrey Hasmer, Rana Pipiens, Esther Ross, Sidney Schneider, John Tsenes, William Weber, and Eyleen Weise- mcyer: Sports Editor, Wayne Brinkerhoff: Art Editor, Fred Toelle: Typist, Eunice Crews: Business Manager, Joe Brummt Assistant Manager, Edgar Beascoechea: and sponsor, Mr. Wallace C. Gundlachf' The door opened, in walked the staff members, and the walls became silent. LA CASTILLA N ACCOUNT of a realization of the fact that the language of nine- teen countries Leighteen of which are our neighborsl is Spanish, together with the fact that a knowledge of this language is the gateway to vast commercial and cultural advantages, there has de- veloped in the American people in recent years a keen interest in a race whose innate polish and courtesy has no equal in the entire world. Central High School was especially for- tunate in having, in 1921, at the head of its Spanish department. an unusual scholar, a native of Madrid. who saw the trend of events, Mr. John Bays, now,of Harris Teachers College. Under his able leader- ship the Spanish club. La Castilla, whose motto. AdeIcmte. siemple adeIanIe '- A'Forward, always forward, came into existence. Since 1924 the club has Ucarried on under the sponsorship of Miss Anna Jean Gibney. The purpose of the club, in addition to stimulating its members to express them- selves in Spanish through the medium of conversation, has been to create a lively in- terest in the customs, spirit, geography, history, and literature thereby furnishing a background of culture rather than a smat- tering of the language solely for commercial purposes. Believing that the social use of a lan- guage creates a much needed sympathy and understanding, and at the same time gives the students a broader outlook on life, the club presents weekly programs consisting of dialogues, plays, national and popular songs, crossword puzzles, and the beautiful Spanish dances. At the close of each semester is given the well-known Fiesta to which the mem- bers and their special guests are invited. Los oficiales del club de este curso son estos: Presidente ,....... .Senorita Marie Uebelhack Vice-Presidente .. Senorita Eunice Crews Secretaria ...,..... ..., S enorita Angeline Coto Tesorero .,.... ..,. ,.,.... S e nor George Kollias Representante de la prensa. Senorita Angeline Coto Los oflciales del club del curso son los siguientes: Presidente ............ .... S enor George Kollias Vice-Presidente .,....... Senorita Rose Wolff Secretaria .... .... S eflorita Dorothy Katzung Tesorero ..... ..,,., , , Senorita Eunice Crews Representante de la prensa, Senor Joe Baldwin One Hundred and Ninely-seven 'I E CO-C-HI TH 4 v g .e if !' f s'X ar e 1 Wwe b'SZI'TN' Y Y i, ' x E.1I HE ER E A C0 - C - HI By Myrtle Ketchersicle, '33 OU haxc probably often wondered who the girls are who stand quietly at the top of the stairs directing traffic: who so efficiently seat five or six hundred Centralites in the auditorium: who make the freshman feel as though she belongs: who tries to the best of her ability to be a good example to them in conduct, studies, and the little things that make a cultured woman. They're the Co-C-Hi girls. This club has a most informal origin. Away back in l9l9 fifty girls were chosen to assist by ushering at a performance given by the school. They decided to call themselves the Co-C-Hi, coooperative Cen- tral High. In l920 they officially became a club. under the sponsorship of Miss OFFICERS. FIRST TERM President . .. .... .. ..Marie Uebelhack VicefPresident . . . ..... . Jane Butler Secretary . .. ,,., Myrtle Ketcherside Treasurer .. . ,.., Mildred Chalmers Mathews. In 1924, when Miss Mathews had a leave of absence, the present sponsor, Miss Dickman, took the Club under her wing. Such was the origin of a club that may be depended upon to help in any emergency that may arise in the school. So in l933, the accomplishments of this club are many and great. We have assisted in every way in which our limited experi- ence would allow, and we glory in the thought that we would really be missed if we should suddenly stop all our activities. Each Co-C-Hi girl must be endowed with the spirit of helpfulness, loyalty, and a high moral sense and must, of course. have a fair amount of intelligence. This latter quality is determined by her grades. QFFICERS, SEcoNo TERM President .... .. . ......,..,.. .... J anc Butler Vice-President .... . Rose Hummel Secretary ., .... ,. Eva Muse Treasurer .... . , Mildred Chalmers AT THE BABY PARADE lContim1ed from pace 1832 . The Meanest Gal ln Town .... ..... . ...,..... . Every Little Bit of Me ...... . lt's Great To Be Alive ...,... . Blue Moments ....., . Remember Me? .... . You Darling ...........,,...,.,. . .... . , Sonny Boy .........,..... ....,.. .,..... . So At Last lt's Come To This .... . Smile. Darn You, Smile .......,... l9 20 Zl Z2 23 24. Three Guesses ...... ,..... 25 ' Z6 Z7 28 Z9 30 Elisabeth White .. Myrtle Moeller .......Kenneth Kurtz .......Evelyn Besel . ,..... Winston Tucker ..,....Jane Butler .......Jeanette Edwards .......Edward Windish Ira Smith .......Sander Bunn . Fit As a Fiddle .,....., ........ ,... ...,... R u t h Wiesenborn . Hey! Young Fella. ., . . ...,... Vernon Trampe 31. Ain't She Cute... ,...... ....... ....,, ......,, ...............,,.. C l a d ys Holley 32. More Beautiful Than Ever ..................,, ...,......... . .Elaine Evans fConl1'nued on page 2072 One Hundred and Ninety-nine THE COMMITTEE OE TWENTY ff - Q 13113 'I V ig' . K al1 , RE wiwmiqgimiaaw. G' Ii f THE COMMITTEE OE TWENTY By Oscar Vroman. '33 HE year l933 marks the fourth year of progress of the Committee of Twenty. The student council was dissolved in 1930. This dissolution left many of the school problems unsolved, thus emphasizing the need for an organi- zation similar to the Co-C-Hi, in which the boys of the school would be repre- sented. Thoughts of such an organization had long been in the minds of Miss Olm- stead and Mr. Eriedli: but, while their plans were still in the nebulous form, the tornado of 1927 struck and destroyed the old Central building at Grand and Finney. ln the turmoil following the tornado, Central was moved to the Yeatman build- ing. The need for a body of students to cooperate with the school at this time became so apparent, that, shortly after the disaster, the Committee of Twenty was formed. The Committee was chosenfrom the boys of the school who were willing to work, who had good grades and high standards of character, and who showed promise of being outstanding in the school life. Twenty boys of all grades were selected for the Committee in order that upon a variety of problems, the different personalities of the boys could present a maximum of helpful ideas and solutions. Competent officers were elected, and, under the guidance of Mr. Eriedli, the Hrst spon- sor, the oflicers directed the activities of the committee upon the problems of the school. Mr. Eriedli remained the sponsor of the Committee until the term starting OFFICERS. FIRST TERM President . .. ,....... ..... .... O s car Vroman Vice-President ,,.... ..... J oe Brumm Treasurer ,......... .. ,. . . Oscar Perl Secretary ..... ...,,......,,...... ..,. F r ed Hedzik Sergeant-at-arms ,....... Marcus Brinkerhoff September, 1932, when he resigned on account of his duties as Director of Ath- letics for the High School League. Mr. Rucker succeeded Mr. Friedli as sponsor and is the present Skipper. Thus, in four short years, the Committee of Twenty has become an integral part of Central High. The duties of the Committee are many. Included among them are taking tickets at baseball, football, and basketball games, and tutoring freshmen with failing grades, who ask for help. The Committee also gives a party, at the beginning of each term, for the freshmen boys, to make them feel as much at home as possible. For the last few years the boys of the Com- mittee have, in collaboration with the girls of the Co-C-Hi, supplied a Christmas pro- gram for the school. They have also taken care of the seating during auditorium sessions. It seems not too high praise to say that the members have proved themselves in- dustrious and conscientious workers, for they have often been important in many of the school's successful undertakings. However, although credit is due the mem- bers of the committee for their work, com- mendation must also be given to the faculty and student body for their splendid coop- eration. The boys hope for the continued cooperation of the teachers and students in order that they may contribute as much to the progress of the school in the future as in the past. OFFICERS. SECOND TERM President ........., Vice-President .. Secretary .......... Treasurer .... ........ . . Sergeant-at-arms ,....,.....Oscar Perl .. ..... Joe Brumm ..William Mitchell . ...,. Paul Hughes Henry Huettner Two Hundred and One THE GIRLS' LITERARY SOCIETY ' -1 M- 15' -,. . , A W., JE. Em. . :E v- 1. 3, R I 1 za- Q'-5 'c' 1mlM1IEr4i17.E - t , . , a R ff . f. M-we rfsss. .. fsis-am .2 .gangs ..e....ii few f R41 VX THE GIRLS' LITERARY SOCIETY By Sophie Kohm, '33 HE Girls' Literary Society, Mother of the girls' organizations of Central High School, was founded in Eeb- ruary, 1896. It is the purpose of this organization to improve the literary attainments of its members by encouraging the reading of good literature. Members are accepted into the Society upon recommendation of their English teachers, provided they have made an average of 8023 or above in English or show literary tendencies. Formerly, the Girls' Literary Society had no teacher to act as sponsor and ad- viser. In those early days, however, much serious work was successfully carried out. For several terms, public speaking was studied for the purpose of training the members to speak fluently. A story con- test was held at another time, when the short-story was being rather extensively studied. A play given before the school as a result of the study of drama met with much success. The programs now, al- though quite different, are extremely inter- esting. The society has, this term, been divided into groups, each consisting of six members. The program of each meeting is presented by a different group. This plan enables each member to participate in the programs at least once each term. This semester,short-stories,poems, book reports, and biographies have been presented. At QFFICERS, FIRST TERM President ...,....,......... ............. T illie Balch Vice-President .,.. ,...., A lice Jameton Secretary .,........ ...i.. G ladys Holley Treasurer ...,.............. ...,. A... E v a Muse News Representative ,....... .. Sophie Kohm the last meeting of each term. the seniors. who have been in the club for three suc- cessive terms and have faithfully attended the meetings, are in charge of the program. At this time they are presented with diplomas. signed by the sponsor and the officers of the society. The officers of the Girls' Literary So- ciety. selected from among the older girls of the organization, are chosen for their ability and for their interest in the club. The motto of the society is More Light and the colors Royal Purple and White. One of the important events of the year is the presentation by the society of a Memorial Day program in the Auditorium. Another event looked forward to is the party or picnic of each term. At this affair. the president of the preceding term is awarded a pin in appreciation of the work she has rendered. The meetings of the Club are held every other Thursday in room 206. At the present time the Society consists of forty-six members and is under the able guidance of Miss Bowen, who has been sponsor of the organization during many previous terms. Other sponsors. Misses Marguerite George and Marion Meyersieck were transferred to other high schools when Central moved to its present quarters after the tornado of '27. We have been very fortunate in having such able sponsors. OFFICERS. SECOND TERM President .... ..... ...... ............, E v a Muse Vice-President ..... Celia Schukar Secretary ..... .... Sophie Kohm Treasurer ....... .. .. .... Rose Hummel News Representative ...... Gertrude Perlman Two Hundred Imd Three YS' LITERARY SOCIETY THE BO 'UH --f ,W ,fry-f'1'r'af.. . -.-fi. -. f wvrff- .. mi' -, R i M W at ,U a . av A 1,X, L' THE BOYS' LITERARY SDCIETY By Vernon Arms, '33 1HE Boys' Literary Society, with sixty-four years of colorful existence behind it, is indeed one of the most outstanding of Central's institutions. Among its alumni are many men of promi- nence, including three former members of the United States Cabinet. The fundamental purpose of this society is to improve the debating and speaking power of its members. Its pro- grams consist of debates, mock trials, and speeches on subjects of interest to the high- school student. The Boys' Literary Society has many duties to fulfill outside of its meeting time. At some of the most important school cele- brations, it is the Boys' Literary Society that provides the program. In the two sessions which formed the last Armistice Day program, speeches were delivered by Marcus Brinkerhoff, Vernon Arms, Melvin Roesberg, Herschel Sanner, Winston Tucker, Howard Williams, Joe Brumm, Jost Washburn, Joe Tanaka, Louis Siff, and Joseph Stoler. Stanley Dampier acted as chairman. However, the most important activity of the Society is the sponsorship of Cen- tral's debating team. The team is usually composed solely of members of the Society and is coached by the sponsor of the So- ciety, Mr. Davis. In l93l our team suc- ceeded in bringing to our halls the coveted Princeton Cup. The subject for discussion that year was Resolved: That chain stores are more beneficial than detrimental to the OFFICERS, FIRST TERM President .... ..............,....., V ernon Arms Vice-President .... .. ,..., Virgil Tramelli Secretary ........,... ...,... M elvin Roesberg Treasurer .... , . ,... Melvin Tucker welfare of the United States. The Central amrmative team consisted of Michael Hadgicostas, Edward Garstang. Louis Reichenbach, and Phil Bergsieker: William Dillas, George Huemmer, James Hadgicostas, and Joseph Goldstein com- posed the negative team. ln 1932 the boys almost duplicated the feat of the previous year, losing by only one judge's vote. The affirmative team lost, two to one: while the negative team won unanimously. The question was Resolved: That legislation providing for compulsory unemployment insurance should be enacted in this country. The affirmative debaters were Vernon Arms, Melvin Roesberg, Edward Ciar- stang, and Phil Bergsieker. The negative team was composed of Howard Williams, Hugo Mueller, James Hadgicostas, and Virgil Tramelli. These two teams are typical of the rep- resentation provided Central High by the Boys' Literary Society, under the direction of Mr. Davis, our sponsor. Thanks must also be extended to Mr. Detering, who coached the boys on pronunciation. tone of voice, and strategy, Mr. Davis was himself a student of Cen- tral High,graduating in 1909. ln his senior year he was president of the Society. We are very fortunate in having such an ex- perienced sponsor, and We, in this eightieth year of Central's existence, wish to assure him that his long-continued interest will never be forgotten, but will ever command the gratitude of his friends. OFFICERS, SECOND TERM President .,...................,.., Joseph Tanaka Vice-President ...,. ...... J oe Brumm Secretary .......... ,. .... Joe Mink Treasurer ,..,... .....,,.. J ost Washburn Two Hundred and Five THENfIiL'M EA TH aff ' 3: 1' TT 'k'X THE ATHENXEUM By Alma Reitz, '33 HE Central Athenaeum was, until 1923, a part of the Girls' Literary Society. Miss Mott. the sponsor of the Girls' Debating Team, with a group of girls, at that time formed an organiza- tion purely for the purpose of holding debates. This group was known as the Debating Club until 1924 when it was named the Central Athenaeum. Miss Mott was as- sisted in the sponsoring of the club by Miss Meyersieck. After the tornado both of these teachers were transferred to other high schools in the city, and the club was in need of a new sponsor. Failing to get any from the faculty. greatly reduced in number, Miss Olmstead, although much too busy for permanent OFFICERS, FIRST TFRM President .... .,i., .....,.r . . . Gladys Holley Vice-President .... ,,.i, D orothy Katzung Secretary .,..,,.... ..... . . ...Alma Reitz Treasurer .. ...Florence Lewin sponsorship, consented to act as protector: then Miss Beck directed the club for a short time. Since 1928 Miss Thomure has been the guiding hand of the organization. The past year has been used to good advantage, for the membership is reason- ably large and the programs have been instructive as well as diversified. The club has changed its policies slightly in regard to programs: that is to say we divert our attention from debates occasionally to short subjects for enjoyment. The club has hilarious times, too, as well as dignified and instructive ones. These occur when the new members are given a third-degree initiation and when the annual picnic is held. OFFICERS, SECGND TERM President ...,,,....... ....t .... M y rtle Prophet Vice-President ...... Vivian McCaffrey Secretary ......,,.. .. ,t.t Thelma Taylor Treasurer ...., Frances Wapner AT THE BABY PARADE KCOHII-DL1L'd from page 1992 33. Smiles .. ,. ..... .,....... ........ . 34. You'll Get By .. . .. 35. 1t's Summer Again .. .. 36. 1'll Never Be The Same .... 37. You're Charming Helen Schroeder Mildred Chalmers ......Rose Sokolik ......Frances Wapner ......Vivian McCaffrey 718. Just A Memory ............. .,.... E loise Huch 39. Think of Me ., . ......... .... .... . . . Bernette Droege 40. Take Mc In Your Arms . . ............. ..,... .. ....., Mary Lindly 41. Sayf Young Ladyf .. ......... . . ........... ....... ,..... L c ota Meier 42. You'll Get By With A Twinkle In Your Eye., .... Anna Hossitt 43. Buddy. Can You Spare a Dime? ,.................. .. ...... Edd Buckner 44. My Buddy . ..... .. ....,,..... .. ........,..,.. ...... S ol Kaplan . Love Child ..... ,.... 45 46. l'm So Ashamed .... 47. My Darling ......... 48. Angel Child ...... 49. Lovable ......,.. ......Dorothy Katzung . ..., Irma Walls ......Ruth Farrell ......FlorerIce Grone ......Dorothy Layton Two Hundred and Seven THE ART APPRECIATION CLUB zliggx his THE ART APPRECIATION CLUB By Helen Cassimatis. '33 HE Schmitz Collection came to Cen- tral during the fall of 1923. As a result of this visit, the Art Apprecia- Club was formed. Under the guid- of Miss Olmstead, a voluntary study of the collection was made by the club. A different picture, together with a criti- cism of the painting and biographical sketch of the artist, was posted, daily, on a bulletin board. At intervals during the year, examinations were given for those tion ance interested in the work. This group of pupils became so enthusiastic about the pleasure and benefit derived from such a course that they decided to organize a per- manent club. From this nucleus sprang the Art Appreciation Club. At the same time an Educational Department was cre- ated at the Art Museum under the super- vision of Miss Mary Powell, a graduate of Central. The two organizations stimu- lated each other greatly. Miss Powell sug- gested that the club be called the Art Ap- preciation Club. Since then similar clubs have come into existence in the other high schools of the city, but Central's club was the nrst of its kind to be organized in any public high school of St. Louis. ln later years the Art Appreciation Classes were introduced into the curriculum. By 1925 there were seventy-five mem- bers in the club and it was necessary to divide it into two sections. The sponsor of the club was Miss Bertha Sessinghaus, who was assisted at this time by Miss Aurelia Sullivan and Miss Quelmaltz, Otiirictfies, FIRST TERM President . ..... Ruth Peterson Vice-President , . . Mildred Treadway Secretary ,. . ., . Anna 1-lossitt Treasurer .... . Joseph 1-lossitt ln January, 1926, the school was broken in two and Miss Sessinghaus was transferred to Beaumont. Since then Miss Olmstead has been the sponsor of the club. The fundamental aim of the club is to train the pupil so that he will be able not only to appreciate art in the established forms, but to detect and enjoy any beauty or art which is around him in any form. The individual learns on what principles works of art are judged. As a result, he himself learns to judge art more intelli- gently. Any student is eligible for mem- bership. The club meets every Thursday. Once every two weeks a visit is made to the Art Museum and a lecture is delivered by Miss Powell on the various galleries and rooms in the museum. The meetings at school consist of programs concerning art given by the members of the club. During the ten years of the club's exist- ence, it has made interesting studies of prints, furniture, glassware, pottery, paint- ing, sculpture, architecture and tapestry, specializing each term in some specific period. Painting and sculpture of the Italian Renaissance held the attention of the club during the present school year. Besides this work trips were made to places of art interest. Last but not least there is the Art Appreciation Bulletin Board. On it are posted reproductions of famous pic- tures and other objects of art. lt is to be found outside Room 103, where everyone can see and enjoy it. OPFICERs. SECOND TERM President .. , .... . Bernice Ciierer Vice-President . . ,. Ruth Farrell Secretary . .. . . Helen Cassimatis Treasurer .. . .. .. Pete Tocco Two l'ltm.lreti and Nrm' LA FLEUR DE LIS By Harold Garber, '35 Ourf Oui.'.' ces! lu r1'euxteme fele de l-a Fleur de Lis, ES, it is the second anniversary of La Fluer de Lis, the successor of l-e Cercle Francais of l9l7. This society, La Fleur de Lis, was formed for the purpose of arousing and maintaining a love for the French language among the French students of Central High. and to provide an outlet for those gifted in this tongue. l.et us now look in upon a meeting ol' l.a Fleur de l-is. Order is secured by that dynamic little personality, Mademoiselle Sophie Kohm. The roll is called and the minutes are read by Monsieur Harold Gar- ber. ln the back of the room are Madem- oiselle Rose Katzman, Mademoiselle Ruth Williams, and Monsieur John Stanezewski, the vice-president, treasurer, and News representative, respectively, putting the I run llumirecl and Ten finishing touches to an already highly interesting program. The program consists of detailed, yet very interesting reports on the great his- toric spots in France, many vivid stories of the lives of the great immortal French heroes. Then there are catchy little typical French songs, thought-provoking French crossword puzzles, and humorous French poetry. lndeed, there is usually a program varied enough to suit the tastes of all. After the fun. the business of the elec- tion of new officers for the ensuing semes- ter is begun. The officers elected are the following: President , , . . Harold Garber Vice-President . . Jennie Haracevech Secretary .... . . John Stanizewski Treasurer . , . Gertrude Bennett News Representative . .... Mabel Riley Fla l JJ' H V - Il X , I i 'J' J M xa- ! fmA.,. f as Vlkafab-a,PL.,7 Caval- BOYS' DEBATING TEAM LTI-IOUGH the debating team this year did not bring to Central's halls the much-coveted Princeton Cup it nevertheless gave a good account of itself by wresting a victory from the McKinley team and forcing Clevelands debaters to exert themselves to the utmost to stave off defeat. The subject for discussion this year was Resolved, That the United States should agree to the cancellation of all inter-allied war debts. The annual interscholastic debates were held on Friday, March 31. Our affirmative team, which defeated the McKinley negative at Central, was com- posed of Michael Amantea. I-larold Garber. Melvin Roesberg, and John Staniszewski lalternatel. Our negative team, which lost to the Cleveland affirmative team in a closely contested battle at Cleveland, con- sisted of Joe Tanaka, James Kerr, Joe Brumm, and Joe Mink talternateJ. The boys were coached by Mr. Davis and Mr. Roach. Since the vote of the judges at Cleveland was two for the affirmative and one for the negative, a reversal of one judges decision would have brought Central a double vic- tory and would have given us a tie with Soldan in the finals. This is the second straight year that Central has lost out by a single vote. The finals this year were won again by Cleveland, and Soldan was again the runner-up. All the members of this year's Central team will graduate in June or January except Michael Amantea and Harold Garber. Two Humlred and Eleven I3 IL C THE C'I.ASSlCI-Xl. g A .I 6 if -R at ' ' - i .U . 5 , 1, , were - Sumatr- THE CLASSICAL CLUB By Louis Triefenbach, '34 H N December l92l a Classical Club was organized by the Latin and Greek students of Central, under the sponsorship of Miss Heltzell. At the meeting held on Tuesday, De- cember l3, l92l, an election of officers was held, Dorothea Glauser being made president of the new organization: Marian Epstein, vice-president: John Bergman, secretary: and Robert Aronson, treasurer. The above two paragraphs are quoted from the 1922 RED AND BLACK and announce the beginning of a new club at Central, a club that still remains and car- ries on the work for which it was organ- ized. Since Dorothea was president in l92l, there have been twenty-two presidents, and the twenty-third is now in oflice. l refer to Joe Brumm who, besides being an excel- lent oflicer, is a good chap to look upon, especially while Pauline Dallas or Eliza- beth White tells about the glories of Apollo. Oscar Vroman, as vice-president, is doing very well in providing programs despite the modesty shown by those club members who do not wish to appear con- spicuous by taking part more than is abso- lutely necessary. Rowena Overby soothes the Club by calling the roll in a golden voice and reading the minutes softly and sweetly. Dorothy Mae Layton has col- lected funds for the treasury even though times are hard. OEEICERS. FIRST TERM President .. .. ........,........,........ Joe Brumm Vice-President ..,,.....,.,....,. Oscar Vroman Secretary ..........,.,......,..,.. Rowena Overby Treasurer .........,..,.. Dorothy Mae Layton News Representative ......,.. Rose Heligman Miss I-leltzell, still the sponsor of the Club, is greatly responsible for its success. Whenever the Club finds itself in a diflicult situation or torn by internal strife, she gives the suggestion or finds the key to the problem and saves the day. During the past term, varied programs have been given. At the open-house meet- ing, Miss Morreell gave an interesting talk on the Latin-American countries. A de- bate was featured at another meeting. lt aroused the enthusiasm of the members and was novel entertainment for the club. A Latin play was given recently and all applauded the actors. ln between these programs there have been informative talks of Greek and Latin subjects and Latin poetry. One year from now we expect a great influx of members since so many students entering Central have chosen Latin. These students need only to have completed suc- cessfully one year of Latin to be eligible for membership in our organization. We look forward to these fresh recruits and wish them the best of luck: we invite them to join the Classical Club and carry on the good work that has been accom- plished since 1921: we want them always to do their utmost to preserve and encour- age the study of Latin at Central High School. OEEICERS, SECOND TERM President .............................. Joe Brumm Vice-President ..,.........,. Louis Triefenbach Secretary ...,............. Dorothy Mae Layton Treasurer ....,...,...,, ,......,.. R ose Heligman News Representative ......... Gladys Layton Two Hundred and Thirteen A DAY IN THE WOODS THE BIOLOGY CLUB By Gertrude Thompson, '3 4 1 Wild Uerbenas growing in Centrufs artistic wild-Hower case IMIDLY I walked into Room 213 and was about to take a seat in an obscure corner when Meeting of the Biology Club will please come to order greeted my ears, as Eva Muse, the presi- dent rapped briskly with the gavel. I slid low in my chair to escape notice, my nu- jay inferiority complex beginning to assert itself. Having put in my application for membership, I had been invited to visit the meeting, and was observing for the first time the normal behavior of her- balist and entomologist. The secretary, Marie Leber, read the minutes of the preceding meeting, and the treasurer, Mortimer Gordon, did his best to extort dues from delinquent members, hard beset by the l'Great Depression. Presently I was asked to stand and be introduced to the club. Thank Heavens! no more than forty members are allowed in the club or I should not have survived the searching observers. gaze of these biological For my special benefit, Miss Watkins spoke on the aim of the club, which I learned is to obtain all possible knowledge of nature and outdoor life in general, the OFFICERS. FIRST TERM President . .,..... ,.., . . . Eva Muse Vice-President ..,....,..,.. Robert Henselmeier Secretary ....,. .. . ,...,, Marie Leber Treasurer ,t.. .. Mortimer Gordon study of the Saint Louis region being emphasized. Following this, she gave a brief history of the club. Much to my surprise, I learned that the club was organ- ized in 1925 as the Botany Club, the meetings having been held in Room 224 in the old Central High Building. Miss Watkins was sponsor up to the time of her transfer to Beaumont, following the tornado of 1927. For the next two years the club was sponsored by Dr. George M. Holferty. It was during this time that the Herpetology Club was merged with the Botany Club, and the name Biology Club was assumed. After the sudden death of Dr. Holferty, in February 1930, Miss Watkins, having been transferred back to Central High School, again under- took the sponsorship, which she still holds. To accomplish its purpose, the club takes field trips on alternate Saturdays in spring and fall, visiting such places as the Creve Coeur Lake region, banks of the Meramec River, bluffs and bottoms of the Mississippi. Offering to all members the joy to be gained from woods and Helds, the club gives opportunity for intensive study of special projects by any member who has the time and inclination. OFFICERS, SECOND TERM President . . .... . . Gertrude Thompson Vice-President . .I . Mortimer Gordon Secretary , .. .I Gladys Drexler Treasurer . . .. . ,. ,. ,,.. Sol Millman Sergeant-at-arms , .... Francis Friel Two Hundred ami' Fifteen 7r -4'2'1f- .?- THE CHEMISTRY CLUB if T' LTTE QED AMB CHEMISTRY CLUB By Sander Bunn. '33 HE Central High School Chemistry Club was first organized by Mr. Hib- bert, a former chemistry teacher of Central. After Mr. Hibbert left, the Club was sponsored for a short time by Mr. Brown, after which it was placed under the able leadership of Martin C. XVilson, our present chemistry teacher. The Club, when organized, was very small but has progressed until it is now one of the most active and most interesting clubs of Central. The purpose of the Club is to get the students who are taking Chemistry and QFFICERS. FIRST TERM President .... .,., ....... . . Melvin Roesberg Vice-President .r.. ....,, . . . Milton Larson Secretary-Treasurer ..... .. Herschel Sanner News Representative Millard Helmholt those who expect to take chemistry more interested in the subject. The meetings of the organization take place on Tuesday of each week, On one Tuesday the Club visits a certain plant. and the following Tuesday a discussion of the trip is held. A different place is visited every other Tuesday. VVe have taken trips to the St. Louis Oxygen Company, the Gradwohl Laboratories, the Excelsior Plating Company, the Missouri Portland Cement Company, and the Laclede Gas Coking Plant. Gther interesting trips are planned for the future. GFFICERS. SECOND TERM President .,... . . ,...., . .,.. Helen Cassimatis Vice-President .,... .......,.. Sander Bunn Secretary-Treasurer ,,.., .,.,.. W alter Bremer News Representative ..,............, Anna Seidel MEMBERSHIP EOR THE YEAR Walter Bremer Helen Cassimatis Leona Kage Anna Seidel Bernice Bunn Frieda Garber Eva Muse Virgil Tramelli Sander Bunn Florence Goggin Harold Philipp Nathan Warshafsky David Hassemer Victor Piskorski GYM CLUB By Thomas WQI-f, '34 H ENTAL and muscular training must go together - Govern- ment military academies, the first to take part in physical welfare of students, were last of the last of the big colleges to go in for athletics, So Mr, Kittlaus was saying in an address at the state teachers' convention in 1910. These two excerpts show the importance of gym- nastics and its relation to athletics. The Gym Club, one of Central's past glories, is now in full swing again under the sponsorship of Mr. Jones and the direc- tion of three students, Francis Dunn, William Gorman, and Thomas Weir. Every normal boy desires to have a strong body and large muscles, and the Gym Club aids in fulfilling this desire. Step into the gym with me and watch the members work. Two Hundred and Seventeen l 1 J 1 See that group of boys dressed in White shirts, shorts, and tennis shoes, working on the parallel bars before the arrival of the instructors? Here comes Erancis Dunn, the instructor for today. Francis Dunn and Thomas Weir alternately take charge. After the class is lined up and roll is called, the members will run for two or three minutes. Now they are through running and are marching on their toes with their hands behind their heads. See, now they are marching to position for setting-up exercises, the purpose being to get warmed up for the apparatus work. The exercises being through, the interesting work will begin. See, how the apparatus is put out: the horse, horizontal bars, rings, and parallel bars. with mats under and around each. Groups are assigned to each and a compe- tent leader put in charge to give exercises and assist. The leaders are Rudolph Loeff- ler, Ed McCarthy, and Ray Mrozewski. 'I'u.'w Hundred and Eiqhlem if Z . The last Hfteen minutes the boys work on whatever they please and then class is over. The apparatus is put away and the boys take a shower and go home. What you have just seen is a regular session of the Gym Club, the club in which you get the biggest return for your interest and a strong body for good measure. Mr. Kittlaus Senior realized this when he organized Central's first Gym Club about 1910, the Hrst gym club in St. Louis, and since then, with a few slight interruptions, the Club has still clung together. The Gym Club also serves those who cannot compete in athletics with hope of making a letter because of size, age, and weight in relation to the divisions, dates, and eligibility. Gymnastics was not known to the gen- eral public until quite recently. All that was known were the stunts of the trapeze artists and tumblers, who were imported from Europe. Even now the apparatus we use is a European invention although American in design. Gymnastics has been known there for centuries. The American idea of work is unlike the European idea of using one piece of apparatus nearly exclusively: Americans use all the material: wands, bells, Indian clubs, poles, and weights, and all appa- ratus. The general public does not appre- ciate the work other than to say that it looks diflicult and daring mainly because they do not understand it. Come to the Gym Club and A'Understand. THE ATHLETIC COUNCIL By Vernon Arms, '33 HE earliest organization which sup- ported the teams of Central was the Central High School Athletic Asso- ciation. In order to be a member of this body, each boy of the school was required to pay a small fee each semester. It is quite apparent that when dues are required for membership in an organization, a number of boys will be excluded because of circumstances wholly beyond their con- trol. lVlr. Curtis, Principal of Central at that time, was quick to see this defect and just as ready to offer a solution. On April 22, 1910, an auditorium ses- sion was called, to which all the boys were invited, When they had assembled, the Principal immediately announced that every boy enrolled in the school would henceforth be a member of the Association, and that no dues would collected, A constitution, drawn up Mr, Walker. Mr. Marshall. Mr. Colvy ORATORIF and two pupils, Paul Nelson and Howard Haynes, was submitted to the student body on December l6, l9l0. On the same day it was unanimously adopted by Central :.s our athletic law. The most interesting feature of this con- stitution was the provision for an Athletic Council comprising the same number of student representatives as faculty members. Vacancies in the Council are filled by election. The president and vice-president must be student representatives, elected each semester. The secretary, the treasurer, and the custodian are faculty members and are each semester by Mr. Douglass. for the term September '32 '33 are as follows: , . Vernon Arms Ed lVIcCarthy ,. ,lVlr. Eriedli reasurer . .. Mr. Christenson 'PANTS l'ri'r'un lllcCt1i71'rt1 Tlzrrd place in girls l'LJl7lUXl Mulrziu Rm-slmu IJIITI place in Inoue Url AI lWr. Davis fiat rightj, Coach ' Two Hundred and Nzimdeen f A x 66' ri-ff:-..:zff:f ,AfffQ'fajr,.,a.'V-Wear., Mae- v:..im:igg'1 jit ' 'fl Z: 1 MTS, XL lr: ' ...., ,, NTL. f5g....,4e L5ifi T'Z 'f 'I'l'u:f7'11i?7 7fI 'W' sh-i.Qi..I'TT.I.'f'. Hl.....1f'I L....E ,112.irXg.aQ - ..fL... T.1..a--3...- .4 fbi. wi ', , , EDITORIAL STAFF Ifdilor-in-Chief Charlotte Volk Associate Editor , Vivian McCaffrey Business Manager . , Nathan NVarshafsky THE CITY Carl XXVIIINKKII Melvin Roesherg Rose Heligman Sophie Rohm Dorothy Mae l,av'on LL'i: I SponsoriIVIiss Doleh IEDUCATION Myrtle I'rophel Spun-.or7Miss Ric: SCIIZNCII Ioe 'lianalsa Helen Cassimalis Svlvia Hume Ileward XViIliams Sponsor7IN'lr. M. C, XVilson INDUSTRY Carl XVilhrodI I7lNIf ARTS Anna Iiossill Isiher Cresswell Qrerlrude Thompson Ruse Hummel Marv I avlor XX iwnly' Iioicl I lorenee I exvin Marcus Ilwrinleerhofli Marcus I'nrinleerhoII Milton l.arson Raymond Rohinson GIRIS SPORTS Vivian McCafl'rey Blanche Iingler Joseph Hossill Ixlae Mensendiek Iiernelle Droege Sponsor--Miss OIIIISIUIILI ARCINIIVIIIZCVIILIRIE SponsoriIVIr. H. Ii. Spross IITIERATURIZ I.arrv NVeir MUSIC losephine Yates RHCRIIATION Mildred Chalmers THE SCHOOL SI:NlOR VIQRSES .lANi'Am Crfxss Vern ORGANIZATIONS Dorothy Kalzung SPORTS Sam Yourtee Iiranls Knopf IIIIIQRARY SPONSORS Ruth Iiarrell Ieola Meier Dorothy Hull XX'ilIia1n Morse I rances IIJLLCI' Rolierl Yamamoto Thelma Taylor on Arms Thomas XVeir Richard Douglas XVayne Brinlserholl' JIQSTS Mildred Treadway Miss Thomure Miss Doyle Miss I.owry Mr. Roach TYPISTS .lean Moler Rose I.and I.a Vada Hill Ildward XX'imIish Mary Ann Ifnclx Angeline Colo lumlrerl um! 'liwervfu General Sponsor-Miss Beck EDITORIALS STAFF EDITORIAL AND BUSINESS - . . I . . . ART STAFF Leolu Meier. llflzldrerl Trf'arlwr1il, Jezmetle Janiak. George Engelke. Ruth liclrrell, Bernice Gierer Geneva rlbhott, Bernette Droege, Harvey Aquado Sponsor. MISS KRAG GUR THEME POEM O YOU know Tennysons Ulysses? In this poem, progress, accomplish- ment, and advancement are paramount, while adventure, which is so characteristic of the wandering Ulysses, has drifted into a minor position. For this reason, quotations taken from the poem may be found at various intervals in this anniversary number ef the RED AND BLACK. They express in a clear, concise manner the importance of progress, In harmony with the review of progress in St. Louis during the past eighty years, they provided an interesting foundation upon which to huild up our theme. To strive, to seek, to find, and not to yield. XVithin these few words we find an urging, an impulse to advance, a stimulant for progress, all charac- teristic of Tennysons Ulysses. We hope you will be forced to take pride in your city and your annual after grasping the overwhelming advancement made in St. Louis during the past eighty years and portrayed in the RED AND BLACK, with the great poem, Ulysses, as the theme. Two Hundred rmzl Twenly-lhree BE MARRIED TO 'AND EVERYONES GOING G L 1. - -Q-W...i.r1ssf-ma ' . 3 -Q 'Q ,A., T Q I '1 -T113 mmmafawmyy m am THE SENIGR PLAY af, H N HONOR of its eightieth birthday Central High School presented Pomander lVaIk by Louis N. Parker, the night of April 21, 1933. Miss Eimer and the entire cast deserve credit for achieving a very effective and pleasing English atmosphere. Pomander Walk was a typical quaint English community. The cast was as follows: Admiral, Sir Peter Antrobus ..... ...... M arcus Brinkerhoff Brooke-Hoskyn .....,. . ........., .............. F rank Yawitz Jim .,,..,,........,..,......,..,. ,.....,..........,..., P aul Hughes Mrs. Pamela Poskett ..,..,....,....... ........ C ordula Knoernschild ' HJJ Basil Pringle ,.....,,.....,.........,.,..,,... ...,,. .... H o ward Williams Madame Lucy Pryor Lachenais ,...... ........... E loise Huch Marjolaine Lachenais ......,,...,....... .,,,,...,,.. E va Muse Barbara Pennymint ,.........,...,...,....,.., ..... Jane Butler Ruth Pennymint ............,,........,....,,...... ..... D orothy Speicher Rev. Jacob Sternroyd, D. D. F. S. A ...,.. ,,..... J ost Washburn The Hon. Caroline Thring i,.,........., .,...., F rancis Higgins John Sayle, Baron Otfords. ...,, ....i. V irgil Tramelli Lieut, The Hon. John Sayle .,....... ...... V ernon Arms MufHn Man ..,......,.,, ...,........,.... ..... P r ed Toelle The Eyesore .........,.,.... ......,... .,.... H a rold Nolde The Lamplighter ..,..,., ,..... E red Toelle Sempronius .........,..., .......,....... A cat Dr. Johnson ....... ............,.................,.,.....,........,,.,,,..... A bird Violinist ...,,.............................,.....,...,.....,,...... .Max Feldman The entire story is woven about Pomander Walk, a tiny English com- munity, and its few intimate inhabitants, Madame Lachenais and her daughter Marjolaine, newcomers to the Walk, soon become part of it, and life flows serenely on until the appearance of John Sayle, son of Baron Otford, at one time the sweetheart of Madame Lachenais. Jack, of course, meets the lovely Marjolaine and then refuses to marry the Hon. Caroline Thring, a wealthy widow who was his father's choice. Brooke-Hoskyn, another inhabitant of Pomander Walk, writes an anonymous letter to John Sayle's father telling of his son's love affair with Marjolaine. The Baron arrives at the Walk in a furious rage. He, in turn, meets Madame Lachenais. The state of affairs caused frequent outbursts of laughter, especially when Sir Peter, the King of the Walk, saves the Widow Poskett's pet cat, Sempronius, from drowning. Of course, All's well that ends well, for Madame Lachenais and the Baron Otford realize they still care for one another and they approve of their children's marriage also. VVidow Poskett skillfully wins Sir Peter, and Barbara, Marjo- 1aine's dearest friend, consents to marry Basil Pringle. Thus the curtain falls upon four happy couples. Tuio Hundred and Twenty-five 7 I. ,-'- 44- ,Sai-. ..-.4 ...a..f...,waam. ' N. - -. New-'IIIYE E E AME Juv 195' A Jost Washburn, the Rev. Dr. Sternroyd, D. D. F. S. A., portrayed his part cleverly. Virgil Tramelli and Eloise Huch showed unusual talent in portraying the parts of Baron Otford and Madame Lachenais. Cordula Knoernschild put herself into the character of the Widow Poskett with much adaptability and Marcus Brinkerhoff played the role of Sir Peter with ease and his wholehearted laugh was appreciated by the audience. The entire play was very effective. WILLIAM MARION REEDY By Charlotte Volk, 33 ' HE Mirror of Central-A short explanation of the literature section of the RED AND BLACK under this title is necessary. Therefore, we turn back the fragile pages of time to the year 1880, when we find William Marion Reedy, St. Louis born and St. Louis educated, a cub reporter on the old Republican. Here he built the foundation upon which he later established a reputation for all time. Passing over thirteen years of newspaper and literary work we find William Marion Reedy in 1893, editor of the Mirror which was published to give the city of St. Louis a first-class literary periodical. Mr. James Campbell, after financing the pamphlet for some time, finally presented it to Reedy with his compliments. Reedy's reputation in literary circles was of the highest degree not only in America, but also abroad, and with the passing of time the Mirror came to be known as Reea'y's Mirror which, perhaps, leaves one with the idea that it was a one-man paper. This it was not, but it was backed by a prodigious worker with a brilliant mind. Reedy was also an excellent critic and his comments were published in many papers. He was held in high esteem by many prominent people. To quote from Edward Hutchings article on Reedy: Missouri has produced two immortals, Twain and Reedyf' And again upholding Reedy's philosophy, to Live your lives to the full, for life is fleeting. Love with full hearts, for hearts must die: he says: 'AReedy lived finely, fully, and freely, squandered life lavishly, laughingly. The treasures of his mind lent to his brother man were as baubles to the riches of his life. These words ring with truth, for many young authors were brought before the public's eye through William Marion Reedy and his Mz'rror. His standards were of the highest and he spent many hours reading worthless material written by ambitious youths only to give them as much encouragement as possible. Reedy did not relinquish this work until the loss of one eye and the impairment of the other made it compulsory. Two Hundred and Twenty-six M- QED E AND Elan .QQ'.w HW! Among those aided by Reedy's guiding hand were Sara Teasdale, Edgar Lee Masters, George S. Johns, Walter B. Stevens, Christopher Morley, Fannie Hurst, Zoe Akins, John Raftery, and Father Russell. To quote again from the Forth Worth Record the following was said in praise of him: Men said of him that his life was a failure, that he had not taken advantage of his great gifts, that he tossed his pearls before swine, that he should have been editor of a great daily newspaper as his friend and benefactor was for years, but Reedy never brooked discipline: he never bowed to shallow conventionalities: he never kotowed to insolent opulence: he never courted veneer authority: he never bent a crooked knee that thrift might follow fawn- ing. And even now though the editor rests in peace, his Mirror lives on, for it was revived in 1929 and carries on the work of so fine a man about whom Edgar Lee Masters said: lt's not so hard a thing to be wise ln the lore of books. It's a different thing to be all eyes, Like a lighthouse which revolves and looks Over the land and out to sea: And a lighthouse is what he seems to me! Thus, the efforts of young writers whom Reedy would have encouraged and to whom he would have given hope and whom we in like manner are bringing to your notice are contained in CENTRAL'S MIRROR. THE MIRROR OF CENTRAL NSTEAD of grouping our literature, as in previous terms, under the four class headings, we have adopted two of Mr. Reedy's favorite division titles, Reflections and Little Classics. Under Reflections we offer short essays. serious and humorous, and under Little Classics. poems and stories, as was the style of the Mirror. REFLECTIONS ALlBllTIS By Harold Philipp, '33 OWADAYS we live in a world seriously afflicted with alibiitis. Everywhere we turn we are confronted by alibis. Vwle were late this morning because the street car broke down: we couldn't do our home- work because we had company and had to go to church: we can't get our books out of our locker because we left our keys in our other trousers. And so it goes 'litem lltzmlred cmd 'l'tUen1y-nigh! w:.W.'1?x-iw Q fm' on through the day. This disease is one for which there is no antitoxin: one which no operation will cure. The only way to get rid of alibiitis is to get at the cause and eliminate it by doing what should be done when it should be done. This disease undermines both business and society. Instead of doing what should be done, people rely on alibis to pull them through. And so I advance my humble opinion and say that I think Moses must have made an omission and failed to record a thirteenth commandment: Thou shalt not offer alibis unto thy teachers and neighbors. MOONLIT MISSISSIPPI By Henry Krey, '33 NE evening before dusk I decided that I should like to see how the Missis- sippi River looked in the moonlight. As I neared the river, a light mist began to fall. By the time I reached the shore, purple dusk had settled down over the water. The dark outline of the opposite shore could be dimly seen through the faint mist. A few stars shone in the sky and were reflected through the pale light in the river gliding beneath. A tall willow leaned out over the bank and cast a dim shadow into the splashing water. From the backwater to the rear of me came the shrill croaking of frogs crying warnings of rain, and around me buzzed and hummed thousands of mosquitoes. From some distant tree came the lonely cry of a night bird. Across the water a faint campfire flickered. Then, over the bend up the river a round, yellow moon began to appear, and it seemed to summon fantastic shapes along the shore as a half submerged log rolled gently from under the bank. Suddenly a long wail drifted from up the river. My heart stood still. Again it came: Yehhh-hoool Yehhh-hoooI and then a low, white freight boat churned around the distant bend. The freight boat slowly approached with its white sides showing up plainly in the light of the rising moon. After the boat had passed down the river, I stood for some time upon the bank. The frogs had ceased to croak: even the mosquitoes hummed less loudly. From above came again the cry of a night bird, crying shrilly up the river, and the Mississippi rolled on through the moonlight. CHERRY BLGSSOM TIME By Maude Price, '33 SOFT, sweet, April breeze brought a peculiar yet satisfying scent. Looking down, one saw a most glorious sight, Japanese cherry trees in bloom. Every gust of breeze brought more soft, pink and white petals to the ground. They covered the earth with a soft, fragrant carpet. This is the familiar Cherry Blossom Time. But need we travel to far-away Two Hundred and Twenty-nine gs. . ...wma s ' 'azmrrn-am me HJ A mam a' Japan to witness this sight? No. The spell of romance of distant Japan may be seen in our own Forest Park in St. Louis, All that is needed is a trip to Forest Park and a little imagination, and you are in Japan during Cherry Blossom Time. OLD VANDEVENTER PLACE By Ray F. O'NeilI, '33 HERE are private drives from the street that lead back to the great stone stables where, years ago, the servants and yard men of the wealthy families lived. In front, the wide lawns, which formerly were green and hand- some, with their rich verdure and motionless iron stags, now lie uncut, ill- tended, their long, burnt grass stems standing rough and high, and their stags black with dirt and rust. There is one particularly fine house surrounded by spacious grounds, it's three slate turrets dominating it like towers on an old castle. Their patient nobleness must have changed long ago to melancholy when the old servants stopped caring for them. A stag, one with huge antlers and a superb grimace about his face, stands tilted against the stable wall at the rear of this mansion. He stays there ungrace- ful, forgotten, summer and winter. Sometimes snowdrifts cover him all but his high antlers. The snow falls, making a soft bank beneath him which, slowly through the cold days, rises around his black body and up to his neck, until only his scornful head is visible in the yard. It is then that he looks real, like some cavorting elk in an icy pond. But in the spring, when the rain threshes his back, it is saddening to look out from the house and see him standing there glistening with water, pools of mud beneath his feet. It is then that he seems whipped, as though he is tossing that fine head in scorn of his dilapidated surroundings: the muddy yard and the trickle of Water in the leaky stable gutter above him, and the melancholy old houses standing about. But nobody cares, since he is only iron. The other stags, smaller pieces, are not so heavy that they should lose their bearing on the neglected lawn. They stand resolutely in company with a scattered flock of others on the lawns of Vandeventer Place. One can see their companions far up the street and even across the bushy parkway on the lawns on the other side of the street. On a cool spring evening, these creatures seem very gentle standing about in the quietness and leisurely atmosphere of the old street. But even a sign of gentleness here can only make one sad. To see the tall, columned homes with their grilled balconies, their barbed, ornamented fences, and spacious grounds, homes that perhaps fifty years ago housed all that stood for leisure and mag- nificence in the city's life, is like looking into a museum where one may go to dream of a beautiful past. Two Hundred and Thirty , ,-x-- .f S S H f i i X . -4 f-. B s Aww A ww: 94 Approaching the statued group at the entrance of Vandeventer Place, one can see two rows of great brown and grey houses, silent now, and decrepit. Shutters hang from side windows by one hinge. Front doors are nailed shut: yet, before new, modern buildings drew the occupants farther west, everything was clean and new. In the afternoons, fashionable women drove with their span of spirited horses down the driveways and out of the park. On certain days they prominaded through Vandeventer Place like aristocrats in their small metropolis. At night one might see the grounds of two or three houses along the block lined by carriages and victorias. Someone would be giving a ball, and thus the life of the fashionable avenue went on. Walkers through this place must always think of such things even when they glimpse the alleys behind the stables, that in some cases have been turned into garages. These stables are of stone, like the houses, with concrete slabs immediately in front of them. Inside, the tiled stalls and the oak dividing posts that speak eloquently of their luxurious past, are covered with some inches of dust, and festooned with cobwebs. One has only to remove the dust layer from a bit of white tile to vision the past: horses, sleek and clean, magnificent harnesses filling the case, men working about, and carriages getting a last polish for the drive. The horses are no more: with them has gone the past, but it makes us admire and wonder now. The commotion of life, the color, the aristocracy of the place has died, or passed, perhaps, elsewhere, leaving, like giant shells, these melancholy houses to remind us of another day. LITTLE CLASSICS UPON LOOKING AT AN OLD DAOUERREOTYPE By Louis Triefenback, '3 4 From the depths of a miniature portrait, In her dress of shimmering satin Transformed by the agents of Time, That clings with a mystical light, Steps a maiden, demure and delightful, She embodies the charm of an era Ethereal, fragile, sublime. Now faded, as jasmine, from sight. Plaited close to her head are fair tresses Her presence brings fragrance of lavender, Like ripples of golden sunbeams: Enchantment of love recherche, They form a bright halo, angelic. In a vision recalled from the ashes For a soul of devotion and dreams, But to vanish, like blue mist, away. Hers the face of an angel of Heaven, Grim Time in his pitiless progress Hers the smile with a radiant glow: Has destroyed the rare grace of this maid While her eyes, with a twinkle of gladness, Taking all but the faded, dim image Have the touch of a coquette, Anal lo! I see on the metal portrayed. Two Hundred and Thirty-one ,gs 'Ee I' ?L?JL'.TEE'aK-YZ. F-if ' f'f.13lTJ 'mmvftff-EZEYVAL X g q , QI. ,,A,A: ge E. imnrnhim .gm images .1 THIRTY-SEVEN tVVritten in the style of the Fall of the House of Usherj By W1'IIz'am Wilson, '33 T WAS a dull, dark, and cloudy afternoon in September of 1927 when I arrived in St. Louis, acting on the request of my dear friend, Boneau, in his strange and alarming letter. I pushed my way through the smoke and crowd at the Union Station and hailed a cab, directing the driver to my friend's address on Vandeventer Place. After about a twenty-minute ride, we stopped in front of an austere and imposing mansion of gray granite. I alighted, paid the cabman his fare, and mounted the stone steps to a long, broad walk which led to a heavy, wooden door, copper-hinged, where l was met by Boneau, himself, who was expecting me. He looked to be in a state of agitation: however, he greeted cheerfully by offering me his thin hand, which I wrung heartily. He led me into a spacious living room where we seated ourselves on a divan before a smoke-stained fireplace in which a few dying embers smoldered on the black hearth. In a listless, uninterested manner, he asked me several questions concerning my family and their health, stating, in answer to my questions, that his wife and son were visiting friends in New York. Meanwhile, I had a chance to examine more closely the room in which we were seated. Its high walls presented a peculiarly dull aspect. They rose from the gloomy shadows of the floor and corners to the lofty ceiling, painted a dense, leaden hue, and the windows with their drawn shades emitted a dim, sallow light, which fell upon them with a sickly pallor, and a feeling of creeping shadows and darkness pervaded the entire room. I shuddered at the ghastly atmosphere that prevailed and asked my host to direct me to the room I was to occupy during the few days of my visit. He raised his emaciated frame from the seat with an effort and smiled. His thin lips cracked the pale skin of his cheeks as he said in a husky, unnatural vo-ice, Follow me. I nodded and walked at a few paces behind him, climbing the heavily car- peted stairs to a guest room on the second floor, where he left me and descended the stairs, saying I would be called for dinner. The room had much the same atmosphere as the rest of the house I had seen. It still contained an old canopied bed with a thick feather mattress. A few antiquated chairs and a singular mahogany dresser with a huge beveled mirror completed the furnishing of the room, the front of which was spanned almost entirely by a broad arched window overlooking the front of the house. I seated myself by the window and gazed out thinking of the change that had come over my friend. Surely he wasn't the vivacious, light-hearted Boneau Two Hundred and Thirty-Iwo . .,.,. ,M-..,,. . . . ...f .,--, . --f . , ., I f i! ,.,. , that I had known at school. What change, I wondered, could have wrought the gaunt worried figure that he was now, He seemed forty years older. A pale, sickly old man. My thoughts were interrupted by a knock on the door, and a voice said, Dinner is served. All right, I returned, opening the door just as a shadowy form shuffled off into the darkness of the corridor. 'AThis is indeed a strange house, I thought as I walked down the stairs to the dining room, where a table was set for two. Presently Boneau made his appearance and offered me a seat, at the same time saying he had something to tell me after we had dined. We were served by a colored maid, and the meal progressed in silence until the table was cleared and Boneau and I were alone. He drew a handkerchief from his pocket, wiped his dry lips, and said, Now I'll tell you why I asked you to come down here to see me. He paused, glanced around nervously, and began. Tomorrow is my birthday, you know. I'll be thirty-seven. I nodded. Well, the thing is, he said slowly, My father was killed in the cyclone of 1896 and-my grandfather was drowned in the Mississippi while he was a steamboat captain. What has that to do with your birthday? I interrupted, They both died when they were thirty-seven, he said nervously. I jumped to my feet and said, Surely you don't believe--- Yes, he answered in a more quiet tone, Tomorrow I die. You're crazy, man. You're ill and worrying yourself about nothing. You need rest: let's go to bed. After I had spoken, he slumped back in his chair and murmured, I hope you're right. I took him by the arm and assisted him to his room, where he went quietly to bed, saying no more than Good-night. Leaving him there, I went to my own room, where I also retired, dismissing the subject from my mind. The bright rays of morning sunshine streamed through my window, and I awoke. Immediately I arose, dressed, and descended to the dining room, where Boneau awaited me. Good morning, I offered, hesitantly. He answered with a nod and motioned to my seat. After breakfast he dismissed himself, saying he would see me in the after- noon. His queer demeanor perplexed me: however, I asked no explanation, but went to my room, where I sat before the window and read, often glancing at the silent street. Before long I noticed that the sun became hidden behind a mass of dense Two Hundred and Thirty-three e .,,, ,,,,,,,,,s.,. . clouds that moved swiftly from the southwest. It suddenly became too dark to read: so I put away my book and looked at the heavy clouds that hung oppressively low over the entire city while the increasing wind whipped the yet green leaves on the trees, in front of the house. Hearing a slight noise behind me, I turned to see Boneau framed in the doorway, staring at me with a distant look in his luminous eyes. His sudden and silent appearance startled me, but I laughed mockingly. It's a pleasant day, isn't it? An ideal day, he laughed dryly as he left the room hurriedly. By this time the storm had increased in violence and the wind was so strong that trees bent low under its fury. The street in front was deserted and the sky was black as night. The noise of the wind was so terrific it hurt my head and the house trembled under its impetuousness. I swirled around drunkenly, and simultaneously my ears were deafened by a roaring crash. I was thrown down violently, losing my senses as my head struck the floor. When at last I opened my eyes, I felt a dizziness and an aching in my head. I staggered to my feet and looked out of the window, where I saw the storm had abated, leaving the street crowded with debris and the houses across the way wrecked. My thoughts changed suddenly. I whirled from the window and shouted frantically, Boneau! Boneau! Boneau! I rushed through the door to his room where I saw at a glance that the entire corner of the house had been demolished by the storm, leaving only one side of his bedroom intact. He was lying on the floor face downward before a large portrait of his father. I turned him over and his face was set in an agony of terror, pale and still. THE OLD EASTER BONNET By Mae Mensendiek, '35 WAS rummaging in an old trunk at Grandma's for some costumes for a play we were planning to give when I came upon an old bonnet, still beautiful, in spite of its apparent age. It looked rather interesting: so I went downstairs and asked Grandma about it. She said, That bonnet means a great deal to me. You see it was-oh, but that would be telling the story. I shall tell you the whole thing from start to finish if you like. Here is her story: I was just sixteen and, at that time in old St, Louis, a girl of sixteen was considered a young lady, and wore her first real Easter bonnet on Easter Sunday. It was nearing Easter, and I was wondering how I was to get my bonnet. As my father was receiving only small Wages, I didn't have any hopes of his getting me one. I had saved all the money that I had received throughout the year and at the end of March the grand total was thirty cents. Two Hundred and Thirty-four Whenever I said anything to Mother about my bonnet, she just smiled and said, Don't worry. You shall have one by Easter. 'lHowever, I was not to be comforted by this vague statement, and when Nell Clifford, a wealthy friend of mine, came over about a week before Easter and offered to take me to town with her the next day, I accepted the invitation gladly. Early the next morning Nell and her father called for me. I took my only money-thirty cents. I thought that it was queer that Mother did not give me any money, but later I remembered that she had smiled rather sadly. 'At any rate.' I thought, 'I am going to get both an Easter bonnet and a trip to town for thirty cents.' We travelled for six hours until we reached St. Louis. We looked for quite a while, but, finding no thirty-cent bonnets, I was ready to give us, Finally Nell found a stunning hat-just the thing that I liked-for two dollars! When she saw my tear-filled eyes, she offered to lend me enough money to buy the bonnet. I accepted the offer and went home the happy possessor of what was, in my estimation, the most beautiful hat that money could buy. Nell had bought other things, but I was content with just my bonnet. Everyone at home thought that my bonnet was very pretty for thirty cents. That is, every one did except Mother, who tried to look enthusiastic over it. I had lied about the price of the hat. The Saturday before Easter a crowd of girls and boys went on a picnic. Nell was wearing her new hat and persuaded me to wear mine. I should have had a good time if I had not been so worried about ruining my bonnet. On the way home it started to rain, and I tried to keep my hat from getting wet by putting it on the seat of the wagon and covering it with paper: but the wagon gave a lurch and I uttered a cry of dismay as Johnnie landed on my beautiful bonnet. I had nothing now and didn't know how I was ever going to pay Nell the one dollar and seventy cents, for I dared not tell Mother that I had borrowed it. I tried to be happy, but it was hard, knowing that I wasn't going to have an Easter bonnet. I dreamed dreams of going to church the next day wearing no hat and having all the young ladies laughing at me. I dressed for church the next morning, but my new dress and shoes had lost their charm with the loss of my hat. When I had finished dressing, Mother called me into her bedroom. She asked softly, 'Phyllis, haven't you something to tell me before you leave for church? Isn't there something of which you should like to unburden your mind?' I couldn't resist those pleas and started to cry like a baby, despite my sixteen years. Then I told her the whole miserable story from the beginning to end. Mother didn't utter a word of reproach, but I could read the shame and grief in her eyes. Then she went into the closet and came out with this bonnet, much more beautiful than the one which I had ruined or than any Two Hundred and Thirty-five f sf Q ' : am that I had ever seen. 'I made this last month, Phyllis,' she said. That was enough. She had made it and that had taken all of her spare time for a month, I knew. 'A 'I-low could you have let me go on and do as I wanted?' I cried. 'It was just a little lesson for you,' she answered, gently, with no sarcasm or reproof whatever in her voice. She gave me the money to pay Nell. The load was lifted from my heart when I paid her and I really believe that no one at church sang more heartily, was so happy, nor realized the significance of the day more fully than I. 'AI treasure this bonnet more than anything in the world and would not part with it for any money. That lesson which Mother allowed me to teach myself was a lesson that I have never forgotten. IN GRANDMFYS ATTIC By Josephine Tamalis, '35 lVhen we go to visit Grandma, Polly puts a hoop-skirt on, And rain comes pouring down, And a queer old flowered shawl. lVe never sit around and sigh, And I put on my grandpas hat- Or stare outdoors and frown. lt covers my eyes and all! lVe run up to the attic We play up there all morning lVhere the roof comes to the floor, And have all kinds of fun. And dress in things my grandma had Till Grandma calls. Hot cookies, dears! A hundred years or more. Then you should see us run! A BELLE OF OLD ST. LOUIS By Sophie Kohm, '33 She was an old St. Louis belle Her dainty blouse with big puffed sleeves Of eighty years ago, Was picturesque, indeed: A very sweet old-fashioned girl, Her schoolmates envied her because lVho dressed in calico. Their charm she did exceed. Her hair was done up in great styleg Upon the ground her long skirt trailed: A ribbon held it so, How very proud she seemed She wouldn't jump or run for fear To think that she had grown to be The wind her hair would blow. lVhat years ago she dreamed! And now this belle is ninety-six, For time does not move slowg But she remembers she was the belle Of eighty years ago. Two Hundred and Thirtyfsix . . ,... . . . , ., . , 7 ,iff 7 'N' Qw. I'I IE1 351.53 Eiga?-.gif FOUND: AN UNCLE By Esther Cresswell, '35 ALLY GRANT had lived, for as long as she could remember, on the showboat, Dixie Belle. She had no father nor mother, and, as far as she knew, no relatives. She didn't know why she was living on the showboat, for Mrs, Smedly, the captain's wife, often seemed to hate the very sight of her. Every time Mrs. Smedly caught sight of the girl, she would find something unpleasant for her to do. Sally was Hfteen years old and quite pretty. Her hair, black as ebony and hanging loosely in soft curls, framed a small, heart-shaped face. Her skin was as soft and white as magnolia petals, and, together with her ruby-red lips, presented a striking contrast. I-Ier soft, deep brown eyes and her sweet, beauti- ful smile were her most lovely features. Mrs. Smedly refused to buy clothes for Sally and so she was forced to wear the discarded garments and costumes of the actresses. It was quite ludicrous to see her scrubbing floors in a spangled, glittering dress, which trailed on the floor. Sally was cheerful by nature and bore pleasantly Mrs. Smedley's raileries. It troubled her, however, that she had no relatives, and she was constantly trying to get Mrs. Smedly to tell her something of her family, but her ques- tionings were of no avail. One day as the Dixie Belle was nearing St. Louis, Sally was cleaning the stove when Mrs. Smedly came into the kitchen looking very excited and angry. Why, Mrs. Smedly, what's the matter? asked Sally. None of your business! snapped Mrs. Smedly. I suppose I might just as well tell you though: you'll find out anyway. Mary Kollins, who takes a part in The Mortgage, is ill with a fever and there's absolutely no one to take her place. Now, what'll we do? Oh, why did that girl have to get sick just before we get to the big townl If this melodrama fails, it'll be all her fault! Oh, let me take her part! cried Sally. I know her lines by heart: I've watched her lots of times. Oh, please let mel Youl exclaimed Mrs. Smedly, staring at her, 'You don't know anything about acting. Get back to that stove where you belong! And with that she left the kitchen, slamming the door behind her. Oh, dear, said Sally. She does dislike me so. But I know I could take that part! I've rehearsed it in my room so many times just for fun. I-low I wish I could do it just once. I guess I noticed that part particularly because Mary Kollins is so sweet and pretty, Oh! I wonder ifiu Suddenly she jumped up, wiped her hands on a towel, and, lifting her trailing skirts, ran into the Captain's cabin. She darted to Captain Smedly Two Hundred and Thirty-seven ,Nam ', -' an '7,'- i . ,. j and, looking beseechingly up into his face, cried, 'AOh, please, Captain, please let me take it. I know I'll do it well! Oh, please, please, let me! Here, here, child, what's this all about? laughed Captain Smedly, draw- ing her to his side. 'AWhat in thunder are you talking about? Why, Mary Kollins is sick and won't be able to take part in The Mortgage when we dock, and I want to take her place. Oh, please say I may! Please, Captain! Well, well! So you think you can act, do you? Come to think of it, you do look the part. The question is whether you know the-- Oh, I do! I do! I know the lines and actions and everything! I used to rehearse them in my room. Sally's heart was in her voice as she pleaded her cause, and it would have taken a harder-hearted man than kind old Captain Smedly to refuse her. Well, Sally, he said. Suppose you just run over the lines of the scene in which the villain is going to foreclose unless you consent to marry him. Then, without more ado, Sally plunged whole-heartedly into the tragic scene, and, putting forth her best efforts, she completely won the Captain to her side. Umhum, that was very good, child, very good, he congratulated her. If you can just do the rest that well, why, you'll make a big hit! 'AYou-you mean that I may take the part? Honest? Oh, you dear, precious old Captain, cried Sally in delight. Then, Only don't tell Mrs. Smedly anything about it. .lust tell her you have someone for the part, but don't tell her it's me, though, or else she won't let me have it. It's our secret, Captain, isn't it? 'AWhy-yes, by jingo, it is! I'm Captain of this boat and I'll run it like I want to. That afternoon as the Dixie Belle drew near to St. Louis, several of the negro roustabouts that were always hanging around the dock, caught sight of her, and. immediately recognizing her as a showboat, raced madly through the town, shouting at the tops of their voices, Showboat's comin'! showboat's comin'! All out to see the showboatln Soon almost the whole town had turned out to welcome the showboat. Storekeepers left their stores, neighbors, who had been chatting over the back- yard fence, boys and girls, who had been playing,-all rushed to be among the first to see the showboat dock. The band of the Dixie Belle blared forth in a bedlam of sound. Finally, after having exhausted itself, it subsided, and Captain Smedly made his usual speech announcing the melodrama. Mrs. Smedly was curious to know who the mysterious actress could be, but nobody knew: so her curiosity went unsatiated, She knew that once the Captain made up his mind about anything, it was useless to try to sway him Two Hundred and Thirty-eight I' iiif . Q , , , , - . .LL,,, aa W if from it. Just before the performance, she went to look for Sally, and, not finding her in any of her favorite places, she began to get suspicious. When the curtain went up, her suspicions were coniirmed, for there was Sally going through Mary Ko1lins's part. The melodrama was a huge success, and, although hers was not the leading role, Sally stole the play. When the Dixie Belle was nearly emptied of the audience, a middle-aged man came up to Captain Smedly. Oh, Captain, he said. I want to congratulate you on the splendid performance of your cast. I'Ve seen that melodrama several times, but this beats 'em all. I especially liked the part played by that girl with the black hair. I guess you mean Sally. I thought she was good, too, warmly responded Captain Smedly. By the way, she isn't a regular, is she? asked the stranger. 'AI saw your performance in New Crleans and I don't remember seeing her. What did you say her name was? No, she isn't a regular. Her name is Sally Grant. One of the players got sick and Sally took her place. Then, growing suspicious, he asked, What do you want to know for? It seems to me it's none of your business. 'ANow don't be offended, Captain, begged the stranger. I was simply curious because she reminds me of someone I know who is now dead. How long will you stop here? Two more days? I want to do some investigating for her sake. Could you bring her to see me tomorrow morning at about ten o'clock. I may have something very important to tell her. Well-yes, I guess I can bring her if you think it's really important. I do, replied the stranger. That's settled then. Tomorrow at ten. Good-bye. Wait a minute, called the Captain. Youve forgotten to give me your name and address. 'iOh, of course, laughed the man. 6'Here's my card. And with that he was gone. When Captain Smedly read the name, he gave a cry of astonishment. Why, maybe that's-, he began, but got no farther: for in walked Mrs. Smedly, and, for the next hour, they quarreled because Sally had been allowed to play the part. Next morning, Captain Smedly and Sally went to see the stranger, whose name was Thomas M. Blaine. They found him eagerly awaiting their arrival, and no sooner had they been seated than he began this story: About fourteen years ago, a letter was sent to me from my sister just before she died. In it, she requested me to take care of her little daughter so that she could die assured of the child's welfare. At the time I should have received the letter I was in Europe and it was not until my return, three months later, that I saw the letter. I went to the address given only to find my sister Two Hundred and Thirty-nine f 'T' ' rem ew was dead and that her daughter had gone. The landlady told me that the child had been taken by a Mr. and Mrs. Smedly: but that was all the informa- tion she could give me. I have been searching for the child constantly ever since. My sister's name was Marjorie Blaine Grant and her daughter's name is Sally Grant. Well, I'll be jiggeredln ejaculated Captain Smedly. Then you're Sally's uncle? And to think we never even heard of youl XVell, well! He's my uncle? asked Sally, who had listened wide-eyed to Mr. Blaine's story. Are you really my uncle? I-Iere's the letter your mother sent me, he said, by way of answer. Oh, you don't know how glad I am! You couldn't guess how happy I am to have someone I can really and truly belong to! cried Sally, joyfully. And-and am I going with you now? Yes, of course. That is, if Captain Smedly can find someone to take that part. Do you think you can, Captain? Why, I think I can, said Captain Smedly. 'iIt's going to seem sort of lonesome without Sally, but-well, I guess it's all for the best. Then it's settled, Sally, said Mr. Blaine. And you must call me Uncle Tom now, you know. i'All right,-Uncle Tom. HERITAGE E By Myrtle Prophet. '53 Y MUTUAL consent the two boys stretched their lithe young bodies on the bank of the mill stream. Presumably by prearranged agreement. they lay there and discussed their plans for the fast-approaching summer. In the shade of the cottonwoods, in the cool of the nearing twilight, little did these two friends know of their destinies. If they could but have seen the events of the two short weeks that lay before them. If only they had been prepared- these fine, sagacious creatures. One was Robert Trenton, of a good old Southern family. I-Ie had wealth, family prestige, and a pleasing personality. Young Trenton was exceedingly well liked. His father's estate comprised most of Belton County and with their retinue of slaves surpassing the number in most households, the Trentons were one of the most powerful families in the South: but even that could not help young Trenton. Power, political or personal, had no reception with the patriotism that was beside every lad. The other, .Ian I-Iughes, was the only son of the late Hamilton I-Iughes. For three years, this lad and his untiring mother had managed the small store which was the only thing that the light-hearted I-Iamilton had to leave for them upon his death. Together they groped through days of dejection, but now they were the victors of the crises. Theirs was a small, obscure family- quite unlike the family of Jan's closest friend. Their home was the rear of the grocery store: not a pretentious plantation. Two Hundred and Ifflfflf ,W 2 , ff :Q me f , I ? W TW rg F . so flkjiw- E Fa J These boys, these inseparable pals, so unlike, yet so close, were resting beside the clear, rippling water of the stream: now they were listening to the lulling call of a meadow lark: now they were journeying homeward. Then, as the terrific ocean waves of the hurricane dash against a shore, so came the news of the bulletin to dash against the hearts of all in April, 1861. The news was posted one evening by the postmaster on the small bulletin, until then only an informant of the village events and occasionally of news from Washington. There was little rest in the village, or in any other town or city, that night. Robert raced to Jan with the news. Finding the house dark, he pounded on the rear door. For awhile there was no response, but then came Jan's sleepy inquiry, Who is it? It is l, Bob. Let mein, Jan. Then, as Jan opened the door, Robert hurried in. War has been declared! Jan stood still, his eyes peering steadily into Robert's. Jan, don't you understand? The North has declared war! The next day turmoil rocked the village. Women hurried about with sup- plies for the trucks, men enlisted at the post office, and children looked at each other with wonderment in their eyes. Later, young Trenton emerged from the camp quarters in a private's uniform, very new and Very becoming to the fineness of the youth. He saun- tered down the street and hailed greetings to the other likewise-uniformed men. He reached the small grocery store and entered it to find Mrs. Hughes in charge. When she saw Robert, the tears that had been so near escaped. Why, that's the matter? he asked as he crossed the small store. lt's Jan. He's leaving tomorrow. Is it that you don't want your son to fight for the Confederacy? The Confederacy, indeed! But why must they take my only boy? Why must they take any boy? Can't they find any other way of torturing? Oh, but you-you're a fine patriot, aren't you? lt's going to be hard for you, just being a general. You and your Hne uncles and grandfathersl You and all your wealth-- MotherI-l'm sorry, Bob. You'd better leave. She's terribly upset. Jan stood in the doorway, a never-to-be-forgotten image of valor. Two youths--and now they were preparing to leave their homes for--but that is unknown. They left, side by side. As the troops marched through the village, banners were unfurled, cries of encouragement and parting were audible, and the last words of wives and mothers were heard. Then as they journeyed northward, the cries became faint and indistinct. The months passed slowly and faded into years. Bits of the troops returned, Two Hundred and Forty-one -we nl .W some on leave, others to stay. Occasional letters came into the small post ofhce where eager hearts awaited news from the front. There was nothing heard of Jan and Robert, nothing except a wild rumor that they had been captured and carried into the North. Then it was said that they had escaped-together-but there it ended. lt was true that they had been taken, it was also true that they had escaped. Through an unplanned movement on the part of an ancient guard, the two boys had successfully eluded their captors and had fled into the unfamiliar territory south of St. Louis. For an entire day they slowly crept southward and believed themselves to be nearing a Confederate encampment, but by an ill-fated step Robert had badly bruised his leg. Jan, taking upon himself numerous medical responsibilities, attempted to relieve Robert. Finally the boys, both exhausted and weary, fell into a light slumber beneath thickly wooded bushes. When they awoke it was long past sunset, but a full moon threw its brilliance upon them, and they were able to see. Then Jan asked, How's the leg, Bob? 'Alt doesn't seem to hurt. Let's start, I-le raised himself with Jan's help, attempted a step, but fell. With great effort, Jan lifted the prostrate Hgure and slowly trudged away. After what seemed to him an endless eternity of time, he stopped suddenly. l-le had heard heavy footsteps and the sounds seemed to be approaching him. Jan's very heart seemed to cease beating as the huge Hgure of an ofiicer loomed before him. One thought dashed through his mind, that of recapture, and recapture would mean death. The ray from the oflicer's lantern fell upon the boy with the helpless figure in his arms. Where are you heading for, buddy? I-lis voice seemed to echo through the entire forest. As he came closer, Jan suddenly distinguished the uniform as one of the Southern cause. It was April again. There was a shallow, rippling stream near the barracks quarters and as Bob gazed out he remembered the mill stream, the enlistment, and the departure. Then he turned his eyes toward the headquarters where several troops were preparing to leave. Before them stood a young figure in majors uniform. A finer specimen of humanity could not be found in either of the armies. Just before departing, Jan led his troop before Bob's window and saluted him. Bob watched them until they turned the bend, beyond which the two had been found one short week ago. He suddenly seemed to realize that Jan was leaving him. Jan, wait--I'm coming! Two Hundred and Forty-tLt'o , W W W I , .e!. i I 1 -f A' M g f VL,,' AW GIRLS WILL BE GIRLS By Mary Frances Finder, '39 NE bright sunny day last May, mother suddenly decided to begin her spring house cleaning. I hadn't the least bit of a desire for house cleaning: but I might as well have had, for of course I was promptly put to work. I-low so many things can accumulate in places where they do not belong, I can't imagine! I'm sure I carried enough up to the attic to fill at least one room, if not to start house keeping. In fact, we began to run out of boxes and trunks to store the things in, and at last mother had to tell me to pack some in grandmother's trunk. Grandmother-dear old soul! She was long since deceased, but still fondly cherished in the hearts of those who had known her. As I raised the lid of the trunk and one by one lifted out the many garments and keepsakes that I had not seen for so long, my mind wandered back in memory over many little instances when Grandma's consoling words and soothing hand had been such a help. I soon got down to work, however, and had almost enough room for the articles I had brought up when I came upon a little black, leather-bound book I had never seen before. Just inside the cover I found an old fashioned daguerrotype of a beautiful young girl of about eighteen and a handsome young man in his middle twenties. The girl was Grandma: of course I had seen many pictures of her taken when she was young: but who the young man with his arm so possessively around her waist was, I could not imagine. Grandfather had never looked like that, I knew. Filled with anticipation and curiosity, I turned a few pages of the book and soon found it to be a journal of Grandmother's. This is what I read: June 2, l865. Dear Journal, Today was my birthday! and it's been as exciting as I could ever have wished! Mother has given me the old lace-over-blue-taffeta gown I wanted and I can hardly wait until tomorrow night, for of course I shall wear it to lVlatilda's ball! Mother has promised to let me do my hair up, too, just this once. '!Otis gave me a bracelet, a huge turquois stone surrounded by pearls and set in twisted gold. It is positively precious. Oh I received other gifts, too, from friends, but I'll not tell you about them now for I'm so happy I can hardly write. Besides, I think I'd better tell you what this is all about, little journal, for I imagine you're rather surprised, this is all so sudden and new! I-Iere's the whole thing in a few words: I've promised myself to keep-to Two Hundred and Forty-three 1' . g i mIi'E':a'f ,.'L7, 'iE,,., T'IITT.' 1i . ,,.., , try to keep a journal, at least until I'm married: and then when I'm old, I'll read it and shake my head over such a frivolous and wasted youth! So here I am, writing for the first time and, though I don't mean to be light-headed and frivolous, I'm afraid this sounds as if I am. 'llune 7. Dearest Journal, 'Ive so much to tell you I can hardly write fast enough. I've met the most charming young man! He's all of them rolled into one if you know what I mean! 'Alt all happened at the ball which will be the best of the season, I think. I wore my new blue dress and Mother did my hair up for me. I thought I had never seen myself look nicer and could hardly wait for Otis to come. tOh yes. he took me to the party.Q When he did come, however, instead of his face lighting up with admiration and joy as I had expected it to do, it registered only surprise and displeasure. 'Your dress is lovely,' he said, 'You couldn't have picked a more becoming color. You'd be perfect tonight if you only had your curlsl' How any one could prefer my curls to the latest style of hair dress I couldn't imagine, but Otis did, and I became quite out of sorts with him. I felt better after I arrived, though, for every one pronounced me perfectly charming and said my hair was quite becoming in the fashion. Then I met him! His name is Charlie Dicks and he is lVlatilda's cousin. He seemed to be quite as fascinated with me as I was with him and paid me a good deal of attention. Of course he is several years older than I am, but he took me for quite a young lady with my hair fixed so! When he asked me if he might take me home, I consented, without the least idea of what I was going to tell Otis. When the time came, however, I simply told him that Mr. Dicks was to escort me home. He looked at me in hurt silence for a moment and started to object, but I simply turned and walked away without another word. If he didn't like me as I was, I had found some- one else who did and wouldn't trouble him with my company. I learned later that he took little Lucille West home. 'AI haven't seen him since and really feel quite badly about it. It's the first quarrel we ever had. However, he shouldn't be so disagreeable, and, besides, Mr. Dicks has been supplying me with plenty of attention. He has been over twice since I met him and I've introduced him to mother. But she doesn't like him as well as she likes Otis and has tried to find out what has come between us. As yet I have not told her about it. June 16. 'ilVIy Dearest Journal, I've just had the worst quarrel with Mother! It's dreadful to quarrel with one's mother, but I do think she could have consented, for I only wanted her to let me wear my hair up all the time. Alethea Mables has been wearing Two Hundred and Forty-four , t - 'W mm A,,, . ! H'I HE hers up for ever so long! But she agrees with Otis: she says that curls are much more becoming for me at my age. Charlie, for I call him that now, has taken me to the last few parties I have attended and has monopolized me in a most pleasing manner. We do seem to enjoy each other's company very much. He is so polite and much more entertaining than Otis. All the girls more or less envy me, and Alethea Mables is extremely jealous. However, Charlie says he thinks I have more personality than all the other girls put together and am by far the sweetest. Of course I know this is mere flattery but still-- July l. A'lVIy dear little Journal, MI have not seen Otis since last month at the ball. He left not long after- wards Cor so I hear from Lucillej on a six weeks' business trip to Boston. He never mentioned the fact to me and yet Lucille knew all about it. Oh, well. We can never be more than the coolest of friends now, anyway. I have told Mother all about our quarrel and she says she is surprised that I should treat anyone so rudely. She and Dad both think a great deal of Otis and they think I was extremely foolish. A'Charlie and I had our picture unexpectedly snapped at a picnic last week in a rather affectionate pose. I think I shall keep it always, as we have grown to like each other so well, Here I turned back to look at the picture and opened the book again to: August 20. Dear Journal, I felt desperately lonely and blue yesterday afternoon and as I stood by the window, I thought: 'I do wish I could see Otis!' I never dreamed his absence could make such a difference. I didn't miss him much at first, but now that Charlie and I have broken up Cand to think that I ever preferred him to Otisl I do so want to see him! No sooner had these thoughts passed through my mind than I heard a step behind me and a husky voice cried, AAlma!' I turned and found myself in Otis's arms! I stopped here. I knew what the ending was, for Otis had been my grandfather. But that journal certainly gave me the surprise of my life! Could that Alma have been the grandmother who so objected to make-up, to staying out late, and to the modern generation in general? Had the same grandma who had so often told stories of her obedient youth written what I had just read? Suddenly I was startled from my reverie by Mother's Shirley, what's keeping you up there so long? Come down at once, I need you! Oh, well! Grandmother was young then, I thought as I went tripping down the stairs in answer to Mothers call, And after all, girls will be girls! Two Hundred and Forty-Hue Y 'S M 7 I ! I 1 . Z E.- M 1 .pix 35215 .E.A -fi Km ' .-f, .. W' EXALTATION By Florence Anghilanti, '33 If I were a star. from me But from me there can only be. Your exalted beauty. unfurled, 'Though the cry in my soul is strong. Should reflect the silence of light flaming The holy silence of light replaced In the sky of another world. With the beauty of song. But still I must sing your praise That your beauty come not too late To the dark shore of other souls. In the listening night' where they wait. ALYCIA By Larry XVeir, '34 I stole from the blue of the heavens I spun from the dreams of dreamers The dust from off the stars, Strew'd it on a gown of silver Slrealz'd with moonlit bars. I brought it before Alycia: See what my love has wrought. But she was facing the moonlight And missed the gift I brought. I wove the threads of the sunset- Fine threads of Hume and gold- Into a scarf of beauty. XVild beauty, uncontroll'd. I brought it before Alycia: See what my love has made. But hers was the glory of sunset And mine the dark of shade. Two Hundred and Forty-s And jewels from idol's eyes Two fragile chrysolite slippers So she could rove the skies. I brought them to Alycia: My love has made this pair. But she was treading starry spheres Beyond my wildest prayer. I found the lyre of Orpheus. I stole the pipes of Pan. Heard the melody of the Ages, And wrote the Song of Man. I played it before Alycia. love has made this. Dear. But she was teaching the mocking bird: So of course she didnt hear. Inspired. I wrote a tender lay. Lovely, lilting, and sweet. I brought it before Alycia: This is my love, complete. But she was singing a sweeter lay Wi'th a rarer, truer art. Hers was the song of life and spring Mine, the song of my heart. i X 5 l . A TALE OE A VETERAN CBased on a true incident. the fire of '49j By Blanch Engler. '35 T WAS a cold, bleak winter evening. The wind was blowing the snow into great drifts, making the outside world look like a village of great castles with high walls and turrets of glistening white. Inside the Hre house of Engine Company No. 16, the men were all grouped around the joker stand or hovering over the two steam radiators that stood near it. Each wore a disgusted look upon his face. Everything was silent except for the ticking of the clock and the occasional rattle of the paper as a man turned its pages. A young fireman moved in his chair, shook the ashes from his pipe, and broke the heavy silence by drowsilv saying, Well, how'd you like to go out on a night like this? Here was room for conversation in which the bored firemen could express their feelings. Yeh, replied another, This is just the kind of weather a fellow would be expected to go out in and like it just because he's a fireman. You're expected to go to a fire, stand on a blazing roof, and risk your life. What for? Mostly for the enjoyment of the people. If you make a blunder and get killed doing it, it's heroic: if you happen to come out alive, you get sent to the office and docked for a month's pay. In this manner each of the men made his comment upon the life of fire- fighting. They were so engrossed in conversation that none of them seemed to notice the entrance of an old man who stood a little distance away from them, in order to listen to their conversation. All attention was instantly given to the old man when he said in a deep. mellow voice, Aren't you boys kinda downin' things a little too much? To this, John, the ladderman, replied, Ha, listen to Foxy Grandpa! Maybe he could tell us something about this. That I can, son, he replied. I've watched the development of the fire department nigh onto one hundred years. Perhaps you never heard of the great fire in 1849, which was the closest call St. Louis ever had to complete destruc- tion? That was a terrible thing for the city, and, to top it all off, the fire was followed by the cholera plague, and you can bet it was no fun! Guess you never heard of Cap'n Targu, either, did you? You young scalawags don't know what real hardships is. You stand here and make all kinds of complaints against your fire house. If the firefighters of fifty years ago had had all the new fandangled things you young fellers have to make your work easier, you could bet that every man in town would've turned to firefighting. Two Hundred and Forty-seven :NWS-rlflflxa . ,,.. E E Now, gettin' back to Cap'n Targu. Tom was his first name. There was a real firefighter for you, and a real man, too. He was the first St. Louis fireman to perish in flames, and by heck, the only memorial of his services to St. Louis is a street which bears his name. Tom, or Cap'n Targu, to you, had been in the thick of the fire for many hours, and he was the one who had gone into three of the six buildings which were sent skyward by the gunpowder to check the flames. lt was in his last stand, the stand that saved the city, that he lost his life. I was watching the flames from the front of the Market House. All the efforts of those firefighters didn't seem to help a mite in savin' the city from complete destruction. While I was watchin', I saw Cap'n Targu, all sooty and dirty, haggard from his hard fight, run past me with a keg of gunpowder on his shoulder. 'Where you goin', Cap'n?' I asked. Scarcely pausing, he answered, 'We're going to blow up Phillips's store,' and with that he went on. That was the last I ever saw of poor old Tom. Some men rushed ahead of Cap'n Targu and battered in the door of the music store. Then Cap'n Targu entered. Almost immediately there was a terrible report, and before I could retreat, I saw somethin' comin' at me through the air. With a sickening thud it landed at my feet. I looked down and saw a bleeding leg of the Cap'n which had been severed just at the thigh. The explosion which leveled the building and which swept out the Cap'n's life, dismembered his whole body, and days afterwards his comrades reverently gathered his shattered form and buried it. His head was found on the roof of a building a block away. The place where he lost his life was the vanishing point of the fire. And you men holler when you have to help in a little, old fire hereabouts. Why, a good firefighter would get a real kick out of some of the little fires you get all hot and bothered over. With this the old man stared vacantly into space, and a smile spread over his face, as though he were looking at something that pleased him. There was a deep silence among the men until one lightly coughed and excused himself saying, Well, boys, guess I'd better be getting on to bed. One by one the men followed until only John, the ladderman, remained with the old man. Thanks, grandpa, he said, You know I think it would be a good idea if you'd drop in ever so often and tell us some of the stories of firemen in your day. It would probably do us some good. GRANPAPPY' S STORY By Estelle Schiller, '35 H RANIJAPPY, ain't yo' a-goin' to tell me a story? cried a little colored boy, coming out of the doorway of a broken-down shack and approach- ing an old negro gentleman, who was sitting on a crude wooden bench smoking his pipe. Certainly, Sonny, said he, Man' whichin' does yo' all want? Two Hundred and Forty-eight . -- - .-,: L,,. ,M .f I .. - .,q:., Q. .... .fr-v .. W mama ii De one about you, Gran'pappy, when you was a little boy. Well. began the old gentleman, ah always lived wid my mammy an' pappy in a little log house. We was owned by a kin' man, Mr. Johnston, who lived in a big white house farther up. My mammy, she cooked in de kitchen fuh Mr. Johnston, an' my pappy, he worked in de fiel'. Mammy always use to let me come in de kitchen whenebah dere was a party. Ah use to carry de food, an' my, what food, Sonny! Dere was baked chicken, an' meat, an' salads, an -an l An what, Gran'pappy? An' little nigger boys all roasted up, browner den ebah. li it Gran'pappy, yo' all is funnin'l Well, continued the old gentleman, chuckling, Mah could see de pretty ladies, all dressed up wid pretty dresses an' wid ribbons, an' Howers all obah dem, an' dere hair wid curls, an' de gentlemen, wid tight trousers and beeg white collahs an' black coats an'l But Gran'pappy, didn't dey do nothin' but eat? Why, yes, Sonny, after dey finish eatin' dey would go into de parlor and dance, an' oh, was dat pretty, Sonny! De gentlemen would hold de ladies an' dey would keep time wid de Hddlef' Mr. Johnston, he always gib parties like dis, but de war, he come along, an' stopped it all, Sonny. Dat was pitiful. De gentlemen, dey all go to fight, an' de ladies dey stay at home wid us folks. A'My mammy, she say to me one day, 'Willie, yo' all knows what's happen?' l answers to her, 'What, Mammy?' She sez to me, 'Willie, de war's obahl it's obah, Willie! We's free, we's free, Willie boyl' She began crying an' laughin' an' huggin' me, Sonny. My sweet mammy, she done dat, Sonny. For why, Gran'pappy? For why? Why bless you little heart, because she was happy. We didn't need to work no mo widdout pay, an' de white folks could no more beat us. Gran'pappy, you is crying. Next day, Mammy sez we goin' to leave. She take me in her arms an' Pappy, he was carryin' our clothes an' we start out. Everywhere we go we see niggers wid bundles walking on de road. Pappy, he come to a house an' ask for work but no one want him. Many weeks like dis, too. Mammy got sick, an' one night while we all was sleepin' on a pile of hay, she-she-went to Heaben. Later, Pappy, he go to join her an ah knows dey's happy up dere in Heaben. Ah comes to St. Louis, Sonny, and stayed an' worked, boy, an'- Sonny!' said the old man, turning around and seeing his grandson asleep on the bench. 'lSleep, chile, an may you neber see days like yo' old Gran'pappy did. He rose and carried the sleeping child into the shack and then came out. He continued smoking his pipe and thinking of the days gone by. 1 Two Hundred and Forty-nine LOOKING BACKWARD By Marcus Brinkerhoff, '33 HIS banquet is to be noticeably dif- ferent from the usual feast for athletic gods. It is an affair of the imagina- tion. We are merely spectators at a re- union of the various outstanding teams of Central High School. While the banquet runs the carefully prepared course of all good feasts, I shall endeavor to bring into the spotlight of your memory just a few athletics of Central High School's teams. Time does not permit us to make mention of all those shining heroes who are here having a jolly time. We must move on, past those earlier warriors to that exciting section underneath that huge RED AND BLACK banner. You ask who that quiet gentleman is. the center of that enthusiastic group? Why, that's Mike Walker, the coach who, during the years 1924 to 1927, reared twelve championship teams for Cen- tral. Listenl He's asking some of his men to make a bow. Seel There's Eddie Ran- dall, and, after him, Bill Schaumberg, Dog Krause, Stratford Morton, Piggy Lamb, Eddie Klein, George Haynes, Ben Gray, John Calhoun, Fred Bock, T Davis, Sid Mastre, Bill Berry, Joe Rowan, Syl Marsteller, J. McElvee, Homer Hous- ton, Bill Yager, Maflitt Minnegerode, Ray Kutterer, Sam Eloun, Lee George, Will Bremser, John Mathews. Louis Kittlaus, Jr., Bud Harnett, Sol Goldberg, George Cameron, Dave Cristal, Red Hosler, H. McIntosh, Vernon Tietjen, and Sigoloff. During his extensive sojourn at Central Mr. Walker turned out nine championship baseball teams. Some of the fly-chasers were Earl Smith, Art Boder, Earl Morgen, Dick Kelly, Charley Reber, Jimmy Lin- coln, Vest Davis, Charley Perry, Charley Depew, Eddie Klein, Glen Boker, John and Joe Rowan, C. Idler, Tom Barclay, S. Schueb, E. Paggott, Ray Cox, Jack Brad- ley, Ernest Menestrina, Doc Reach, Wallace Hardaway, Clarence Crosley, and Syl McIntosh. Did you hear that uproarious laugh? That's 'AHippo Walsh, and see! There are others with him that we know: Julius Jouret, Frank Kessler, 'lBud Yourtee, Bill Mitchell, Jim Prosser, Bob Holley, Bill Ens, Ed McCarthy, Jimmy Wolff, Mel Oppliger, Vasilios Lambros, Isadore Gla- zier, Ham Powers, Junior Sneed, Morris Garden, Herb Morros, Baggy Marik, Max Tonsi, Clem Wright, Carl Newsom, Ralph Dorsey, and Henry Krey. And now pick up your place card. That's it. Turn it over. All the coaches are listed here. COACHES FOOTBALL TRACK l904-l927.. .,.,,..,....,.,........ ,Mr. Walker 1904-l909 .,.......... ............. B yrne l928 ,.,. ....., .,,...,........ M r. Friedli l9lO-l9l3 .,.. ...,,. ,......... K i ttlaus. Sr l929, ....,,.... .,.. . , . ........ Mr. Conant l9l4-l9l8 ...,.... Siler- l930-l932 ,,.,,.. . ...,. ....... . .Mr. Bailey l9l9-l927 ........ llhlarriott BASEBAI4I4 l928 ,..,., ,....... e umann 1004 1027 ..... .....,. .,...,..., . . Mr.VJalker 1929-1910 ----aaa' COFUHI l928 l 031. ...,.......,............. Mr. Neumann 1931 -'-'A-' -'- '-' B illley 1912 1933, ,,,, ...,... . . ..,. Mr. Bradburn 1992 a---1- 11-----------11-- M ,lllef BASKETBALL 1933 ..,..., ..,. ........,.. lx 1 ttlaus. Jr 1904 1914 ...,....,..,.... ..., ,.... M 1 . Mahood TENN15 1015 ., .,,.,...., . .,....., ..,., , .Mp Cullen 1902-1915 ----11-1--11a---- C01Wf11 1916 E In IEIQYI E -IQI Mr'MatheWS l9l6-l9l8 ....., ..............,. . Beck 1917 l9l9...... .,...... Meow 1919-1922 --1-- ---'1 - -1 DW, 1920 H Mr. Crippen 1923 1927 ....... Mr. Christensen IQZI H iiii Reppy 1928 ......,...... .....,............ P illb0SS 1922 l9l27,, ,,,,, ,,,,,,, M r.Cal1an 1929-1933 ...........,, .......,.... N eumann 1928 1932 ........ ........ M r. Eriedli GOLF l933 .... ,. .... ...,..,..,, M r. Bradburn l932 .,.....,...... .....,., ......... V e rtrees SWIMMING 1933 .... .,........,., ......... ,.,.... M r . Neumann Two Hundred and Fifty PLASTIC EXERCISES ,, , ,,,. .. . , .,. ,. tc ff'-fs'-ff. 1 ,L ' ' ,f ,A f 'Eff' It MMI H ss'rx.u Wm GIRLS' ATHLETIC ASSOCIATION By Vivian McCaffrey, '33 HOCKEY ROUND, sticks, ground, sticks, ground, sticks-ball! It's Jeanette Edwards and Mary Lindley bully- ing off. The ball goes to Jane Butler, back to Mary Lindley. Back and forth, they take it down the field. Oh, Jeanette Ed- wards takes it right away from them, but they have it back now. They are in the circle. Mary Lindley tries for a goal-it's blocked-another try and it's good. The score is now 3-2. But there's the whistle, and the game and the tournament go to the well-deserving seniors under the guid- ance of their captain, Ruth Peterson. There were several seasoned players mostly among the seniors, although the sevens also had several. Three exciting games were played, all of which showed that the style of the seniors was just a little the better. SWIMMING To close our day of sports, suppose we hop down to the pool and see the feminine celebrities of Central in person. The Y pool seems to be a heaven wherein all the stars of Central swim. Some of the most brilliant of these satellites of Central are Elizabeth Hudson and Tillie Balch. I'm sorry we can't have them say a few words. but we'1l just have to be contented with watching them swim. At the other end of the pool we see the celebrated Charlotte Volk demonstrating a jack knife, while Dot Katzung looks on. And speaking of dives, here is a contrast, Jane Butler doing her graceful swan dive, while Eva Muse does that cute little dive which has no name, and which no one but Eva can do. But what has happened to Mildred Tread- way? She was here just a moment ago. Here she is. Swimming under water again According to Mildred, she looks better under water. There are numbers of other mermaids down here, but that is all we have time to watch today. However, on the way home, I keep wondering if some of the boys wouldn't be surprised to know that they once taught some of the best swimmers of the school to swim. BASEBALL Strike three! You're out! And that simply means that the new seniors, headed by Maude Price, bowed humbly down to the all-powerful senior girls on Estelle Kuhnert's team. However, the battle was hard-fought and interesting for both teams. The batteries for the seniors were Estelle Kuhnert, pitch, Anna Cileicher, catch: for the sevens, Anna Kunz, pitch, and Maude Price, catch. The seniors finally ended the tournament as upper-class winners. The other class winners were June McClinchy's lives, and Leona Abramovitz's sixes. GOLF Another popular sport at Central is golf. Because of the amount of walking in- volved, few sports give such really health- ful exercise. The leading golfers last term were Anita Winters, with a score of sev- enty, Bernice Reppell, whose score was seventy-three, and Helen Domash, with a seventy-five. Two Hundred and I-'iffy-Ihree fy. R-., px....,.. 'L ' L .NPS 'X 1 ,L+ J c E.1szEDaANmaBI.a,.Q.Gx :.f TENNIS This year tennis drew out sixty-four girls, each eager to be pronounced racket queen of Central. The nnals found these sixty-four narrowed down to Josephine Tamalis, a four, who ranks among the best girl players in the city, and Ruth Hof- mann, an eight. The final match went to Josephine by the score of 6-0, 6-0. The doubles tournament is now played in the spring instead of in the fall as it formerly was. It is interesting to note that the G. A. A. started out as a tennis club, and that after nearly thirty-five years, tennis is still a favorite sport with the fair sex at Central. This sport is one of the few outside activities open to every girl of the school. regardless of listing. CAPTAIN BALL The captain ball tournament came to a thrilling conclusion as Helen Dierbergefs team of seniors defeated Julia Bolanivich's team of fives by the score of 26-9. ATHLETIC AWARDS And now that we have had a general account of the sports, we must reward the senior contestants for their excellent work. Perhaps the highest honor a girl can get is the Missouri State letter. The require- ments are 1000 points. to be earned in health, scholarship, posture, sportsman- ship, athletics, gymnastics, service and leadership. Those who received the award in January were as follows: 1. Tillie Balch 2. Helen Domash 3. Jeanette Edwards 4. Edith Eynck 5. Ruth Hofmann 6. Gladys Holley 7. Elizabeth Hudson Two Hundred and Fifly-four 8. Mollie Kram 9. Florence Lewin 10. Alma Reitz 1 1. Bernice Reppell 12. Marie Uebelhack Another award is the red HH which requires 1200 points based on good char- acter and excellence in all physical activi- ties, and is awarded at the end of the high- school career. The recipients were the following: 1. Tillie Balch 2. Sara Coombs 3. Helen Domash 4. Jeanette Edwards 5. Gladys Holley 6. Edith Eynck 7. Elizabeth Hudson 8. Florence Lewin 9. Ruth Peterson 10. Alma Reitz 1 1. Bernice Reppell 12. Mignon Sivcovich 13. Grace Uber 14. Marie Uebelhack Twelve of these girls also received the silver loving cup which requires 1400 points of the same nature as the school letter. Those who received the loving cups and the number of points they earned follow: Elizabeth Hudson ...M2240 Tillie Balch ,..... ,.... ,,..... 2 0 50 Jeanette Edwards ,... ,...,. 1 885 Helen Domash . ..,. . .. ,... 1880 Bernice Reppell , ,.,... .1720 Edith Eynck ..... . ..... 1695 Sara Coombes ..., . .....,. 1640 Gladys Holley ..,.... ..,.... 1 550 Grace Uber ,....... ..,.... 1 505 Alma Reitz .... ..., ....... 1 5 00 Florence Lewin ..,,.. ,....., 1 440 Marie Uebelhack ,,... ....,., I 430 , . Ml' iff? L - . S f- .. FOCTBALL, '32 By Wayne Brinlzerhoff, '35 HE Central gridsters played a rather drab and unvictorious football sea- son, suffering seven defeats and one tie game. About seventy players responded when the first football meeting was called early in September, and among them were only two letter men and a few numeral men. Coaches Bailey, Kittlaus, and Mark- land began immediately drilling and coach- ing the many new aspirants. After three weeks of steady trainirl. the team was ready for the first practice tussle. The game was with St. Charles, and the heavier and more experienced county team pushed over three touchdowns and won the game l8-0. A week later the team went across the river into Illinois to play the speedy Alton High squad. Alton proved to be too elus- ive, and the game was lost, but Alex Efthim brightened the defeat by scoring a last-minute touchdown and making the score 20-6. The defeat was only one of the many misfortunes of that evening, on the stretch of desolate highway between the two Lewis and Clark bridges. The left front tire blew out and no spare tire or tools could be found. The team was helpless while Mr. Bailey went on to Alton to get help. Finally enough of the team were carried to Alton to get the game under way and the remainder had to walk about half way there. A relief bus was sent out and no further mishap occurred, although this game will be long remembered by the players on the team. The last pre-league game was played at the Public Schools Stadium against Chris- tian Brothers College. The Brothers found enough gaps in our line to score six touch- downs. The final score was 32-O. The initial league tilt was played against Soldan at the Stadium on October 22. One Two Hundred and Fffiy-Hue of the most spectacular plays of the season was executed when Alex Efthim threw a long forward pass to George Straith, who ran seventy-six yards for a touchdown. Soldan won the game, although it was hard fought during all four quarters, The second league game was played at the Stadium on October 29. Central lost to Beaumont 13-0 after four periods of unexciting play. Although Central lost to Cleveland in the third game by the crushing score of 52-0, the squad was morally cheered by the fact that almost every member of the regular squad wore a new helmet, a new jersey, and several even had new shoes. Central was utterly routed by Roosevelt on November 12 by the score of 70-0. Roosevelt started the game by scoring in the Hrst four plays and then continued scoring until the gun stopped it. Central fought McKinley to a scoreless tie in the final league game played at the Stadium on November 18 and, incident- ally, tied McKinley for the unwelcome cellar honors. The snowball battles among the brave spectators in the stands proved to be more exciting than the con- test on the ice-covered Field. Joe Baldwin, Edd Buckner, Art Brosius. Tom Cigno, Lawrence Decker, Ralph Dor- sey, Alex Efthim, Harry Fine, Ed Hain- stock, Pete Kraus, Henry Ludwig, Frank Mertz, Prank Sieminski, Pete Souris. George Straith, Max Tonsi, Wesly Wal- lace. and Ed Wilson were awarded the football H. Other members of the team receiving numerals were Richard Knickel, Nick Kourtesis, Jack Pannier, Grover Silman. SUMMARY OF THE GAMES Sept. 23-Central 0 vs. St. Charles 18. Sept. 30-Central 6 vs. Alton 20, Oct. 7--Central 0 vs. C. B. C. 32. Oct. 22-Central 8 vs. Soldan 19. Oct. 29-Central 0 vs. Beaumont 13. Nov. 4--Central 0 vs. Cleveland 52. Nov. 12-Central 0 vs. Roosevelt 70. Nov. 18-Central 0 vs. McKinley 0. TRACK By Raymond Robinson, '35 HE Central tracksters of 1932 did not prove to be the victorious con- querors of whose success we were so much in hope. A squad of approximately eighty boys reported to Coach Miller at the opening of the season and most of them remained with the team until the season's close. Our coaching staff, consisting of Mr. Miller, Mr. Kittlaus Jr., and Mr. Markland, were very earnest in their efforts to develop a team. Central won only two meets, those be- ing with Principia and McKinley. The Central-Principia meet was a dual Cjunior- seniorj meet which Central won by the score of 62 to 60. The other victory was scored by the juniors, against McKinley, the score being 54 to 41. A summary of the meets and scores is Two Humlrerl and Fifly-six as follows: JUNIORS April 12-Central 36 April 22--Central 5626 May 2-Central 54 Soldan 50 Beaum'nt 64 M McKinley 41 May 7-Central 39 C. B. C. 56 SEN1oRs April 13-Central 43 Soldan 65 April 21-Central 38 M Beaumont 87 M MIDGETS April 20-Central 29 Beaumont 42 May 2-Central 1816 McKinley 41 M May 4+Central 26 Soldan 33 DUAL MEETS QJunior-Seniorl April 9-Central 62 Principia 60 May 7-Central 40M C. B. C. 8113 May 9-Central 53 Wellston 69 In the Interscholastic Track and Field Meet, Central placed sixth with fourteen and one-half points. Roosevelt was the winner in each division, gathering a total of one hundred and forty-nine points. The juniors proved their supremacy by scoring twelve and one-half points for Central. Harry Fine won the junior 50-yard dash, running it in .05:6 seconds, which ties the mark made by Kelly Heitz, of Roosevelt, in 1927. The other points scored by the junior division were as follows: five by Al Weiss, who took a first place in the 120-yard low hurdles: two by Alex Sher. who placed third in the broad jump: and one-half by Al Kuberski, who tied for fourth in the high jump. Paul Knirr was the only midgest to place, taking a third in the shot-put. The seniors failed to place. Members of the team who scored a total of ten or more points in all the meets are as follows: SENIORS 1. Josef Nixon-38 2. Carl Newson-31 I6 3. Edd Buckner-28 4. Ira Smith-ZIM 5. Kenneth Weiss-17 6. Rudy Aye-12M 7. George Pierce-12M 8. Nathan Yakovitz--1 1 M 9. George Jackson-l l 10. Marcus Brinkerhoff-1024 J UNIoRs l. Harry Fine-5l LS 2. Albert Vkfeiss-3916, 3. Morris Mosescu-241-1 4. Art Ecoff-20 5. Harry Bock-l6 6. Alex Sher-12 7 Alex Efthim-ll 8. Morris Garden-l0 MIDGETS 1. Paul Knirr 2. Cecil Sumpter SWIMMING TEAM By Thomas We1'r, '34 FTER a suspension of a few years Central's swimming team has been reorganized. The St. Louis Public High School League has established swim- ming as a major sport on a par with foot- ball, basketball, and track. Mr. Neu- mann, who has been the instructor of swimming with the American Red Cross. in the Citizens Military Training Camp, and at the Cleveland High School, was appointed coach of our swimmers. The present team started training at the Tower Grove pool in the Spring of 1932, but at the start of the September term, the swimming practice was changed to the Northside Y. NI. C. A. pool. Carl New- som was appointed manager of the team and was replaced by VJilliam Wilson when the former graduated. In January Thomas Weir was appointed captain. Our team scheduled nine dual meets, two each with McKinley, Beaumont, and Roosevelt, and a single encounter with Soldan, St. Louis Northside Y. M. C. A. The first meet with McKinley was per- haps the most exciting. The lead changed hands several times, McKinley finally win- ning with a score of 41 to 33. Central lost the meets with our opponents in the Public School League, but showed much improvement as the season progressed. In our return engagement with Beaumont we were nosed out 40 to 35, while Roosevelt managed to defeat us 44 to 31. The big- gest thrill came at the close of the season when we defeated the Northside Y. M. C. A. Juniors 39 to 36. The interscholastic meet of the Public High School League was held at Washing- ton University on March 25. Central placed fifth in this meet on account of the excellent diving of Joe Piotrowski, who established himself as the champion fancy diver of the high schools with the score of 59.40. University and the Two Hundred and Fifty-seven 'IL 'flmrfft TEAM fahatw SWIMMING TEAM fbvzmtu SWIMMING RESULTS McKinley 41, Central 33. St. Louis University 54, Central 21 Beaumont 56, Central l9. McKinley 53, Central ZZ. Roosevelt 47, Central 28. Beaumont 40. Central 35. Soldan 59, Central l6. Roosevelt 44, Central 31. Northside Y. 36, Central 39. Lo Humlrc'tfur741 l 1'fI11-ugh! VARSITY BASKETBALL By Frank Knopf, '33 ITH the opening of the basketball season, Mr. Bradburn was made head coach of basketball. Mr. Friedli, who had been coaching basketball for live years, had been made the manager of the Public High School League and consequently did not have suilicient time to coach the team. The teams practiced several days each week at Bethany Hall instead of in the crackerbox they had had to practice in all these years. The size of the school gymnasium has been a serious handicap. The League games were played in the after- noon at Beaumont, Cleveland, and Roose- velt high schools instead of at night at St. Louis University Cuymnasium. After a few weeks of practice, Central started the season by playing two non- league games against McBride and Well- ston, winning both games by scores of 20-19 and 39-22, respectively. The Mc- Bride game was won in the last second of play, while in the Wellston game Cen- tral was in the lead from the start to the Hnish. The opening league game was played with Soldan on December 16, and the Cen- tralites found themselves on the short end of the score, 24-14. The boys had no better luck in the game with Beaumont, the defending League Champions, losing by a score of 31-16. But in the non-league game with Nor- mandy, Central was victorious and walked off with a victory to the tune of 28-l4. Dorsey, as a forward, and Hug, as a guard, did the heavy scoring in this game. This started the ball rolling, and, in the next game with McKinley, Central de- feated them. This was lVlcKinley's first year in the basketball League and Central Two Hundred and Fifty-nine took them to town and won by the score of 24-14. In The Cleveland contest the game had to go into an extra period, but Central came out on top and won by the score of 25-21. Roosevelt, the next opponent, had Well- hausen, an all-Star Center, on their team. He was 6 feet 6 inches tall. Wellhausen was one of the reasons why Central, with but 20 seconds to play, lost by a score of 26-25 after a hard-fought battle. lt seemed as if the county high schools could not withstand the attacks that Cen- tral made: for in the next two games with Ferguson and Webster, Central won both games by the scores of 36-17 and 20-ll respectively. These two games were played between the first and second rounds of play. In all of the five non-league games played, Central came through with- out a single defeat. At the end of the first round of play, three players had to leave the Central ros- ter: Cwarden, Pfannebecker, and Schnur- man. These three players were replaced by Douglass, Duncan, and Racowsky. In the first game of the second round, we drew Beaumont, who up to this time, had five victories and no defeats, and, after this game, had six victories and no defeats. The final score was 27-19 in favor of Beaumont. McKinley fell a victim to Central's on- slaught in the next game by a score of 36- 13. Dorsey and Krey starred for Central. ln the next two games Central broke even, losing to Soldan in the first game by a score of 31-20 while the following week we beat Cleveland by a score of 30-21. Serb and Krey were the high-point men. On February 21, there was something unusual going on in Bethany Hall on Natural Bridge and Clay Avenues. It was a game between the Varsity and the Faculty teams, The Faculty team was composed of Messrs. Bailey, Bradburn, Detering, Friedli, Kittlaus, Jr., Markland, Miller, Neumann, and Spross. Evidently Two Hundred and Sixly the Faculty team did not want to spoil the record that the Varsity had, which con- sisted of no defeat in non-league contests. The final score was 39-14, in favor of the Varsity. Central met Roosevelt in the last game of the League season. which resulted in a scoring spree, Roosevelt winning 41 to 36. Henry Krey was the Red and Black's luminary, who, because of his excellent playing, had been chosen guard on the mythical City All-Star Basketball team. Krey was also the season's high-point man for Central, with 47 field goals and 14 free throws, and ranked seventh among the high scorers in the League, Serb was second, with 33 field goals and 14 free throws, and Dorsey was a close third, with 29 field goals and 20 free throws. Ralph Dorsey, Allan Hug, Al Schnur- man, and Elmer Serb were regulars who played a vital part in winning basketball games for Central. Other reliable members of the squad were Otto Pfannebecker, Mor- ris Ciarden, Richard Douglass, Bernard Duncan, Ben Racowsky, Morris Mosescu, and Harold Wright, Henry Huettner served as the eflicient manager of the team. Immediately following the close of the League season, Central prepared for the St. Louis District Tournament. In the first game Central drew Uni- versity City, played very good ball and chalked up a victory. It was a nip-and- tuck game all the way. Starting the fourth period, Central went ahead by five points, and was tied by the countyites, 23 to 23, before Hug and Krey sank successive field goals for Central's victory. The final score was 27-23. The next game with Webster proved to be the worst upset of the season. In a game earlier in the season, Central defeated Web- ster, but something was vitally wrong with the team, and they lost by a score of 17-13. This meant that Central would not be among the first four teams to go to Co- lumbia for the state tournament, but there was a consolation tournament in process to determine the fifth team of the A Division to go to Columbia. Central played Cleveland in the first consolation game and won by a score of 25-15. This was the third consecutive time that Central had defeated Cleveland. ln the second game of the consolation tournament, we played Maplewood, the Champion team of the County League. The game was hard-fought all the way, and at the end of the first half, Central was leading 18 to 12: but in the last half the strain of playing four games in five days finally told on the nerves of the Cen- tral quintet, and in the last ten seconds of play, Maplewood sunk a long shot to win the game by a score of 24-22. This was one of the best games that Central had played in the whole year. Incidentally, Beaumont, the team that won out in the Public High School League, also proved to be the best team at Co- lumbia and won the State Tournament, which made them champions of the State. A Summary of the games played and the scores is as follows: Dec. 6-Central 20, McBride 19. Dec. 13-Central 39, Wellston 22. Dec. 16-Central 14, Soldan 24. Dec. 22-Central 16, Beaumont 31. Jan. 3-Central 28, Normandy 14. Jan. 6-Central 24, McKinley 14. Jan. 13-Central 25, Cleveland 21. Jan. 20-Central 25, Roosevelt 26. Jan. 24-Central 36, Ferguson 17. Jan. 27-Central 20, Webster Groves 1 1 . Feb. 3-Central 19, Beaumont 27. Feb. l0QCentral 36, McKinley 13. Feb. 13-Central 20, Soldan 31. Feb, 17-Central 30, Cleveland 21. Feb. 21-Central 39, Faculty 14. Feb. 23-Central 36, Roosevelt 41. Feb. 28-Central 27, University City 24. March 1-Central 13, Webster Groves 17. March 3-Central 25, Cleveland 15. March 4-Central 22, Maplewood 24. Games won 13, games lost 7. Total points-Central 514, opponents 426. Average per game--Central 25.7, op- ponents 21.3. TENNIS By Sam Yourtee T THE call of Coach Neumann, last fall, thirty-five boys responded for tennis. Among these candidates were Morris Red Garden and Julius Off- stein of last year's squad. After the in- tramural tennis tournament was run off, Coach Neumann selected the following team: George Peirce, first singles: Charles Hebda, second singles: Morris Garden, third singles: Sam Yourtee and Julius Off- stein, doubles, Harvey Shields and Ray Oppliger, alternates. Central's first opponent was Soldan, the league champion for three successive years. Soldan took three of the four matches, our match being won by the doubles team of Offstein and Yourtee. The next day we met the strong Roose- velt team and after a stiff battle lost three of the four matches, the doubles team of Yourtee and Offstein still winning 6-1, 8-6. Then followed our match with the new entrant in the tournament, McKinley. Hebda won his match 6-2, 6-1, Garden added another victory 6-2, 6-3. Offstein and Yourtee continued their winning streak, taking two straight sets with the loss of but two games. Central then met Beaumont, losing three singles matches, the doubles team again coming through with a victory, 6-3, 6-1. Our final opponent was Cleveland. We came through this match with victory. Two-Hundred and Sixty-one ,. r r GOL! Lefl lo right: I Milton Schainker. XVoodg Iiorrl, David Hassemer, Milton Larson, James Ifosler. Couch Verlrees. Hebda winning in straight sets, 6-2, 6-l, and Garden repeating by defeating his op- ponent, 6-l, 6-2. The doubles team coasted to another easy victory, 6-3, 6-2. Argo of Soldan won the singles honors of the league, aiding his team to their fourth successive championship. The Cen- tral doubles team of Yourtee and Offstein won the doubles championship. This is the second consecutive year we have won this laurel. Garden and Hebda, having won two matches each, should be con- gratulated on their stellar playing. TENNIS Left to right: Charles Hebda, Morris Garden, Couch Neuman. Melvin Oppliger, Sam Yourtee, Julius Olfslein. George Pierce gave everything he had throughout the tournament. Charlie Hebda and Sam Yourtee will be the only lettermen returning next year. They will serve as a fine nucleus around which we hope to build a winning team. Central's first scores were: October 3-Central l, Soldan 3. October 7-Central l, Roosevelt 3. October l3-Central 3, McKinley l. October I4-Central l, Beaumont 3. October l7+Central 3, Cleveland l. Total-Central 9, opponents ll. GOLF By Milton Larson. '33 ESPlTE numerous handicaps, Cen- tral did very well for her first at- tempt in the field of golf. Just recently the game was introduced as a ma- jor sport by the St. Louis Public High School League, which necessitated the for- mation ofa team. This problem was given to lVlr. Vertrees, who handled it very suc- cessfully. From the golfers who tried out, 'liwo llunclrrtl and Slxltf-lLL'lJ Mr. Vertrees selected the following team: James Foster, Woody Ford, and Milton Larson, with Milton Schainker and David Hassemer alternating as the fourth man. This pioneer team played its first prac- tice match with lVlcKinley on the Hillcrest Country Club golf course. The lVlcKinley match was Central's first with competition and Central came out the victor. BASEBALL The first annual golf tournament of the public high schools was held on the Forest Park golf links. Each school played one match of eighteen holes with each of the other members of the league. Each school was represented by a team of four golfers and the team having the lowest total medal score was declared the winner. The games were played on successive Saturdays, be- ginning with October l. Central's irst opponent, Soldan, won with ease. Central played a nip-and-tuck match with Roosevelt, losing by only nine strokes. The third match with McKinley was won by Central with a margin of fif- teen strokes. Beaumont and Cleveland both gained victories in the last two matches over Central, The Beaumont team won the champion- ship after playing off a tie with Roosevelt and Cleveland. The schedule and results of the games are as follows: Central 42l Soldan ,..,.....,., 384 Central 407 Roosevelt ......., 398 Central 422 McKinley ........ 437 Central ........,,.. 430 Beaumont 364 Central ..,......... 447 Cleveland ....,,., 426 By Richard Douglas, '34 N APRIL 7 Central played its first league game against Beaumont at the Public Schools Stadium. Cen- tral won 9-6 behind Wolfsberger's fine pitching and the steady hitting of Hug, Serb, Tusinsky, and Douglas. On the following Saturday Central en- gaged Roosevelt. The l932 Champions proved too powerful for us and Central was handed a 10 to 2 defeat. Central's third league game was with McKinley. This game proved to be a pitcher's battle, in which Karl Wolfsberger allowed lVlcKinley only three hitsg Cen- tral, however, connected for only two hits and was defeated 2-0. The Red and Black gained its second league victory at the expense of Soldan in an extra inning game by a 4-3 score. Karl Wolfsberger allowed Soldan only five hits, and Lee Sandweg collected three hits in four times at bat. Central's fifth league game was against Cleveland. The two teams were tied at the end of the seventh inning 2-2. ln the first half of the eighth, Central went into the lead by scoring a run. In their half of the eighth, Cleveland scored two runs on an error, passed ball and three singles to win the game by a 4-3 score. 1, The Red and Black opened the second half of the season with a 6-5 victory over Roosevelt. Vwfith the score tied in the seventh, Serb lead off with a double and Tusinsky followed with an ace, driving in the winning run. Serb set the hitting pace with two doubles and a single while Krey and Tusinsky each collected two hits. Central then engaged Cleveland and was defeated 7-6. Joe Brumm's home run featured this game. Since the season is not over at the time of this writing it is not possible to tell who will win out in the League. The 1933 race is proving to be one of the tightest in the history of high-school baseball and at no time have there been more than two games separating the fifth-place team from the League leaders. The members of the team who have taken an active part in the league games are as follows: Pitchers, Karl Wolfsberger, George Straith: Catchers, Junior Gratz, Richard Douglas: lnfielders, Harry Lynch, Elmer Serb, Joe Brumm, Lee Sandweg, Leo Biasi, Henry Krey, Tom Cignot Outfield- ers, Allan Hug, Prank Tusinsky, Max Tonsi, Ralph Dorsey. Mr. Spross assisted Coach Bradburn in training our team. Two Hundred and Sixttf-lhree if P i 'r After much discussion by the Public High School League Board, the coaches and principals of the various high schools as to whether or not to continue baseball as a League sport, the 1933 Interscholastic League Schedule was Hnally drawn up. This schedule arranged for a double round- robin, with each game consisting of seven innings. At the Hrst call for baseball, over seventy-live enthusiastic aspirants reported to Coach Bradburn. Among this group were seven lettermen. After a short practice the Central team played its first game, a non-league contest against Normandy. In this game Coach Bradburn used his entire team. The game proved interesting, but Central was de- feated by a 6-5 score. Central's next game was with McKin- ley. Central was defeated for the second time by a 6-4 verdict. Two Hundred and Sixty-four Central then played Soldan the follow- ing Saturday and was victor by a 5-l score. Karl Wolfsberger allowed Soldan only four hits, while his teammates col- lected seven. A summary of Central's games for 1933 is as follows: LEAGUE GAMES April 7-Central 9, Beaumont 6. April ll-Central 2, Roosevelt lO. Apirl 18-Central 0, McKinley 2. April 22--Central 4, Soldan 3. April 26-Central 3. Cleveland 4. May 6-Central 6, Roosevelt 5. May 9'-Central 6, Cleveland 7. May May 17-Central 6, McKinley 4. l9--Central 5, Soldan 1. NON-LEAGUE GAMES Normandy 6, Central 5. Webster 4, Central 3. University City 10, Central 4. COMMQ 1.51 Mi .ff 1-Zyl Q52 Q Q A+' I : wi I A ry I I on -sha iuf rzyy Ilnm sig!! my slug. zflfzefz ,a:.1f.....s We 1 I HAMBURGER SOLILOQUY OE J. WELLINGTON WIMPY By Stuart Farrell, '34 ' s this a hamburger which I see before me, Pointed toward my mouth? Come, let me eat thee. I taste thee not, and yet I see thee still. Art thou, in truth, a hamburger, sensible To taste as well as sight? Or art thou but A hamburger of the appetite, a false creaf tion, Proceeding from the hamburger-hungered brain? s Mgt Q 6 Y We-Q i P Xrsillj 1 2 u Y vu. ii 9 6 li ' I l 1 , ,eff X I see thee yet in form as tastible As this which now I go right off to buy. Thou marshall'st me the way that I was going: And such a hamburger did I mean to get. Mine eyes are made the fools o' the other senses, Or else worth all the rest. I see thee still: And on thy bun and meat are gobs of mus- tard, Which was not so before. There's no such thing! Two Humlrrtl und Sl-.X'll.l'Sl-X It is the hamburger business which in- forms, Thus to mine eyes. Now o'er the ham- burger shops Business seems dead, for well I know that they No credit will give. But Roughhouse cruelly scorns Poor Wimpy's offerings: and would refuse him, Alarm'd by his sentinel, the register, Who rings his watch, thus with his noisy pace, And, with Tarquin's ravishing stride. towards my credit Moves like a ghost. Miss Beck Cwith a satisfied air after in- spection of booksl 1 Mr. Weir cannot shake his gory locks at mel . T .f . 1 4 er A I S ' f 2 5 'fi ?5w ' S35 1274-33, L. .. . . ,- 'gvyf--. 1 Y 'He , . 41 1 :-n . 1 'Qgfiltglh-. ,f wwf, , fl., Q ing. -Q? 3, .,-51:7 f .,. -.s - c 'Ni' flak -35, X ,4, - ., . He fairly burned up the truck. 11's nolhmg but Cl'f7tl9I'S.U A BUSINESS DEAL Mr. Smellie fat young agejz I'll swap my knife for yours if you'll give me some boot. Playmate: You can have the toe. AN EXTRAVAGANT USE OF PAPER In 1887 the streets were first sprinkled by municipal contracts. I-IOMENVORK VJIT Joe Romero wrote: The face was in soliloquyf' LI-Iide your silhouette, Joel! A freshman described Red Chief thus: He had freckles scattered all over his face and blue eyes. A f 4 P M f wie ! ! X! Q ! 5 , I - L B X , WZ YVTQW'?X1Ei TQQff9 5 - WS- H. kk l In ' i 1 7 .ig , Q ff 'f X f ff I 4,. X MOTHER GOOSEIS' CENTR.-H.ITES I T T We You READ 'FRECKLESY No'M mms. If TT Ares Twneouu rg ,, PSLLD 9 Z? a 7 xx I wi C ' A 1 f x 'C' T N XXJ r 1 HEARD IN A HISTORY CLASS Queen Elisabeth was thin and pale but was a stout Protestant. Teacher: Names are easily traced. Take, for instance, the Joneses. Where did the Joneses come from? Bright Little Boy: From .Ionesboroughl ANOTHER FROM MR. PRATT A man entered a railroad station wish- ing to get an express ticket. He had some difhculty in making his object known be- cause of an impediment in his speech. Finally the agent said: Well if you can't express yourself, you'll have to go by freight. Mildred T: Aren't your ears cold? Why don't you wear a cap to keep them warm? Babe Philipp: Why should I? They're big enough to take care of themselves. THE TRAGEDY IN ll5 by Mildred Treadway. '33 My duty, children, is quite clear: A test, you see, I did prepare. Please hush, my dears, you must not jeer. Now where could be that questionnaire? The children rose with one loud cheer. The questionnaire! It was not there. The teacher hunted far and near And cried, It's gone, but where, oh where? Two Hundred and Szxlgf-eight FOUND IN A COMPOSITION We don't live where we used to live: we live where we moved. A LITTLE FUN WITH NAMES Where did Eunice Crews? And with whom? Did Mary Ann Enck the drawing? Whom did Allan Hug when he vaulted Irma's Walls and climbed La Vada's Hill? Would you pay Maude's Price to pull Jean's Molar? Ouchl Did Myrtle Prophet by Virginia's Warning? We hope sol Joe's Mink chased James's Coons, and they all sank in Leota's Meier. Dorothy's Yeoman pulled them out. What had Francis Dunn to make Florence Cirone and Eva Muse? Harry the Fishman has found out whom Harvey Shields. Did Henry Krey when he saw Rose Land in Woody's Ford? We wonder! Herbert's Stoeri is that Eugene's Wuigk went out last night. Was Ed so Windish? David might Hassemer luck if he would play around someone else's Kage. HEVERY DOC1 HAS HIS DAY The characters are Robert Armstrong, the father, the judge, and another dog, who had always bullied him when a pup. A man's wife got angry and told him about a lot of things they needed in the house better than the cows. CWe hope that remark cowed the old wretch.J COMNFFHNDIWENT JM .-5. fi -and f lxflzifllig ill f - I iii ,fg l ,- K l , a l in..- nal JT in ryaeif. commanmmsmrs l Hu. 11. if and. 5 -M5 .. , Q ' Q U 9 I J ' C 'IDI . il iii E A N- J 1 f ' Tim. :mf-w+u,.se .77-ew fl--If r P My feacluers. mfky Cl 5 VU' Abie Friedman set a record in his car the other evening. He made seventy-live miles an hour. Figure it out for yourself: twenty-five forward--twenty-five up and down-and twenty-five sidewise. Alex Efthim got a sliver in his finger. Now we wonder! Had he been scratching his head? PERSONALS Q. Who is Dorothy Yeoman? A: Two of the nicest girls in school. The Siamese twins-Jean Molar and Mary Ann Enck. Ruth Vlfliesenborn is so dumb she thinks that the Kentucky Derby is a hat. The Inseparables-LaVada Hill, Rose Land. Teacher: What is a centipede? A centipede is a horse D. Smolinsky: with the head of a man. Tom Donnelly: What soldier wears the biggest shoes? Ed Devanny: I don't know. Tom Donnelly: gest feet. The one with the big- Central's Rubinoff-Max Feldman. Harry Bock took one look at Venus of Melos and now he is singing. Farewell to Arms. Edd Buckner combed his hair-once. We rather wonder who she can be. Jost Washburn received nine gold medals for his regular attendance at Sun- day School, but to look at him you'd never guess it. Fred Toelle's father is a minister: but Fred-well, sons don't always follow in the footsteps of their fathers. We extend our sincere sympathies to poor Joe Tanaka. He hurt his little toe the other day by accidentally letting his Austin fall on it. WHO IS IT? By Sophie Kohm, '33 This queer mechanical creature Is little Bernice Gierer: She has no smile upon her face Because she cannot hear. V i She dances, sits, and even walks, But still she has her fears: Although she breathes, and smells, and sees. Her head is minus ears. She's made of tin and buttons, three, And bolts to hold her here: And yet this creature's sad because She does not own an ear. But we'll go hunting some day soon, So Bernice can lose her fears: For we will search until we Hnd A pair of small tin ears. Two Hundred and Sixty-nine H, is gil l, I NJN , xx. 5 i 1 il N fjX f -. .-:I fgwli Jil' i ' 1h 7 ' ' K mm 1. mu' N i ' 3 my , ' 11 lllf ' 1 l Milli' ii af ' Nix 1 KJ I l I M- Iff 'rf ip,-I ll ! - -5- .11 K., X X-ar e I wish I could be like the river! p, 1 N X1-rNwigQw , l 'ALike a river? ln what way? 1 , we i . - 'A - Stay in bed, and yet follow my course! AN ANNUAL BIBLE LESSON Mr. Van Landegend: Why didn't they play cards on the Ark? Francis E: Why? Mr. V: Noah sat on the deck. Mr. V: Who is the straightest man in the Bible? Irma W: Who? Mr. V: Joseph. Irma W: But why Joseph? Mr. V: Because the pharoah made a ruler out of him. Mr. V: Why didn't Moses take his canary on the Ark? Abe Ci: I bite. Mr. V: Moses didn't go. Noah did. Mr. V: Why does a farmer put his pig pen on the south side of the barn? Charlotte V: We weren't raised on a farm. Why does he? Mr. V: To keep his pigs in. OFF THE TRACK Q: When did the development of the railroads first begin? Rae Londe: About 165 years after the Civil war. COUJMHNDIYKNT 611: xi wi' ll ixaliliif 'xl' -.-. x ,i. h I f fl: 'Eg:s,:i,.::i.f' ggsrnd uamlos e' Two Hundred and Seventy A BELLE OE OLD ST. LOUIS By Ethel Gralnick, '35 I've perposed mo'n twenty times To Miss Elviry Green. Ober all ob ole St. Louis, Dat lady am de queen: She's a right han'some gal In her gown ob pinkest red Wid a turban of a clear sky blue A-settin' on her head. Dat woman sho' got 'ligion Mo'n anyone I know! When Miss Elviry is to meetin'-boy! Dat woman sho' lets go! She kin sing a hymn, O louder Dan anyone dat's dere. Her voice am strong and penetratin' Enough to turn yo' hair. To all de men a-askin' for Her hand, she answers, No, And I'se still a-hopin' dat She'll take me fo her beau. SOME TO SPARE Mr. Marriott Qafter having been re- proved for wastefulnessj 1 What do I care for expenses? I have plenty of them. A LESSON EOR YOU By Mildred Treadway, '33 There was a crooked boy Who rode a crooked mile And wrote some crooked answers In such a crooked style: And then he crooked sat, His eyes he did not bat, And so, you see my children, The teachers flunked him flat. N. Rl, is PW . Ax f . f Q. ,f'?'-fi k If EVN Y' 7 N 1-rf W 4401 40 X ' 7 I was shipwrecked once and lived for a week on a can of sardznesn THE THING HE DIDN'T KNOW By llfayne Brinkerhoff, '35 What changed the world from drab to green? The chirping cuckoo asked. Young Spring has beaten Winter again. The snake replied as he basked. ii H What makes the moon's face pale by night And the sun's flame red by day? The sun is the moon, but cools at night, The cuckoo heard him say. I. i. What makes your eyes shine so at me, And your fanged mouth gape so wide? Because I eat such curious birds- As the cuckoo vanished inside. 4. ii There is one more thing I wish to ask, Said the cuckoo's Hitting spirit, And the answer won't be an easy task, For you'll wonder as you hear it. What causes that gnawing pain inside Your stuffed and swelling coil? I do not know, replied the snake As he writhed in pained turmoil. 4. I do not know, but tell me why? The snake asked as he died. A'You thought my mouth was silly and dull, But my bill is sharp, inside. Irma Walls didn't know where to End a certain abbreviation: 'she was told to look for it in her appendix. THE KEY TO THE SITUATION If a crime was committed, the king would let the defendant go into the arena by himself and either open a door with a lady or a tiger. f CONNHNUMFN T5 L M -X 8 j Q .X . X 'dxf'-k' il I Q, 1 - ,Qi it xt, -fl: t - . :7L ' ' fs Mau ohdlf :vor covef Thou shaff haf Mj neglrbors keep morefimfifre Ga an fly: rmg A SHORT STORY Once upon a time Vernon's Arms reached out and caught Stanley's Dampier. He dragged him out to Harold's Karr and got in, yelling at Myrtle to Ketcherside, which she did. They saw Gertrude Rush after them as they drove off. You could see Gloria and Gervice Nash their teeth in anxiety as they saw Harold's Karr dash around the corner on two wheels. Someone hollered at Ray to Parker, which he did-right in front of a fire plug. They all piled out and swamped Ray Wise, who knew all the questions in the coming exams. He gave them some of the ques- tions, while Alma Reitz 'em down and Martha asks for Moore. And this my friends explains why all the above were able to graduate. M Q CUYINHNDMHNTS ifyxiqi 'xi E Iota is X f'i'2 i' ,' fx i il it , il 'I l x-I . rj dk fnoulsgggiygaf-PM faq? l-gtgrgkfff Two Hundred and Seventy-one Ca!! 36.44 Ih7QglhG RN Q67 C' XJ. RQ! xx, f ll! X Z! 6441 Wma7?e1fz CJ! slon7' er Gmc Uber Ofarkyffauken C'7arrf.s6Jf1ss ?7Mfea 00f' Ollfes 1 Je on s res 77' f romzsffig Z Srlenf bay ac fn Siihgqfgl dd-fear ldafohlzlfvzbno may r- ,oryffifg fe Q oweafw IILV K Nh M rfoff fk ff AZ! when ofwkfn fa fp X ff N m ggi Q' 3113! ei may we P95 rr f!7EmeM flamldmlllpp C'71ldredC71aImens f7elvfn7?oe.sbefg Uh f you ffffe 4 Sages! meek Tr. erfous Tl- Garbo ya: Our move 5 upfdngf raxa! baslful by szuafuusjfviaa IvoNfm8e alone hero Iuzude Uniforms of lhe S! Louzs Volunl ez Izr Department IX-10 1860 TI-ll: FIREMEN S PAT!-KDE Bu Verna Grayson 35 The people gathered round about Thexr plans had all been made And they were there wlthout a doubt To see that grand parade Oh up one street and down another ll-Xt home none would have stayed? Came everybody and hrs brother To see that grand parade Here s the fiddler, marchlng long And the leader, calm and stand Now they've started to smg a song' It's the firemen's parade Two Hundred and Seuenlq lee.: Therr pants were t1ght and to thexr knees The colors greatly varxed They couldn t walk wxth any ease As on thelr way they tarrled Of homespun were thelr shlrts and surts Thelr collars stxfl and hrgh Therr feet were clad rn brass toed boots Phat shone as they came by They sang and crled out Joyfully As thelr homeward Way they made What would they say 1f they mrght see An up to date parade? . .? ff KZTTN K , pei' X 1 X N I ef . 1. fl 'T ' F EL J T r N' fic ll f Q e 1 VT, K4 5 JT? : X 5 ,f l f A - tl T ' LJ fttaf ill of . T- ll U Ala M at X N N N ll tfyfvf' f -91. -- Q we Y lf' 7 S, 1 W l 1 AEM J 'XF A Q7 S U If H, QQ 4 N, fp lv ,, ,KN X X lx'-: 14 fl'-Q v ' e N' 'ei .113 ' 'qif . X lj K wr -1 flu -' M12 ,ff ifafyjj , 3 5 C M ,, I. I ! S A. , I I I W 1 I . , ' e ' , . 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