Brooklyn College of Pharmacy - Pharmakon Yearbook (Brooklyn, NY)

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XQVN flgvaf Cc:g-Q3 pr-aAlIUV1,-QXKON M535 img'-3 lfamiliar with the physical properties of each inorganic drug considered in addition to giving him a knowledge of how the properly kept drug should appear in his pharmaceutical practice. The work of the Senior year is in the main, based upon the prepa- ration received in the first year of instruction.. The physical appear- ance of the drug is given special consideration and the student is enabled to detect by form, structure, color, odor, taste, fracture, etc., the various drugs. Special stress is laid upon cautious handling and dispensing of poisonous drugs and their principles, attention 1S also called to the methods of keeping Organic drugs in order to main- tain their best medicinal value. e n . One of the features of the course in the above connection is-the weekly drill in identification. In practice a druggist oft times receives a shipment of crude drugs, it isimportant for him to be able to detect whether or not the drug is labelled correctly and whether or not it comes up to the standards laid down in the United States Phar- macopoeia. To that end, each week the student is called uponto identify crude drugs Which aid in giving him greater familiarity with the materials he will handle in his practical work. In addition each student is furnished a type specimen of each drug studied, which, incidently forms a nucleus for aprivate herbarium. In addition to the macroscopic study of drugs, the future phar- macist is given a thorough ground work in the microscopical features of drugs, as well as those of such substances that are known to be used in their adulteration. Q As a foundation to this work the microscope is taken up in detail, its mechanical and optical structure is explained and the student is drilled in its use, typical microscopical structure and micro meas- urements being definitely recorded. y Through .its agency, the minute structures of drugs are carefully studied with peculiar- and characteristic features of each receiving special attention. Substances that appear in these drugs as adulter- ants are pointed out and enable the student to check up standard strengths of drugs, microscopically as well as macroscopically. Micro chemical tests are utilized wherever simple, effective and read- ily applied. The various medicinal substances are divided into classes according to their physical properties and similarities and dissimilarities are noted. At the end of his course the student finds himself with a complete knowledge of the various drugs used in pharmacy, their methods of preservation, recognition and therapeutical properties, and with this as a foundation he faces his task of preserving public health with confidence in his ability in regards to the organic drugs he will be called upon to handle in his practice. P e6 r ag 2 Sw CQ 4 v

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N5 f- ------ -----..,,,f..- . N' '-'- -W - , . e x's'C'mX.....'e'Z1..f.. N' ' i LIL ' ' ,.f'1'l:5.+Uetr Lfx' X Qtstilirvj amd- C 3: 'KH 1 n r P'i -.lu-sc lectures are followed by a laboratory period Where the topics of the lecture are practically demonstrated by actual handling i gieeunens and suitable experiitnental work. Studies of plant and inorganic drugs. by fresh and dried botanical specimens from the ol' s l olege llerbarium and by charts and preparations are provided. 1. ine hour each week is set aside as a period of special instruction 111111 flllll. where the lecture and laboratory Work are gone over and con lll'llll'tl. ' .-Xssoeiated with Professoi' liohness, We find Dr. William H. XX eygandt who takes charge of the laboratory Work and Who supple- nientslthe lectures during the quiz hour. This gentleman, Whose work is not confined to this department alone, by means of his extensive knowledge of his subject and his pleasing personality, goes far in aiding Professor Lohness make the department one of the 'most popular among the student body. s g In the laboratory period both Professor Lohness and Dr. Wey- gandt are capably assisted by Mr. Benjamin L. Milana Who bids fair to follow along the lines so capably laid out by his superiors. c In the first half of the Junior course, the class is thoroughly drilled in Botany. with particular reference to its use by the practical pharmacist. and as a preparation for the subsequent study of the drugs derived from the plant kingdom. Since the official drugs are chiefly derived from seed bearing plants, attention is centered upon them. Their life histories are traced out from a studyof the seed and its development into the adult plant. The existing kinds of seed bearing plants according to size. structure, and essential peculiarities are pointed out. This is followed by a systematic study of the .plant body and its organs, their structure, functions and modification. Stems, leaves, roots, flowers, fruits and seeds are successively taken up.. In each case official drugs from the various parts of the plant are lllustrated and their characteristic properties upon Whlfih thelf 1111313110111-Qldl MUCH depTlfeS sgcbnldolfaclf of the Junior year is devoted to a study of ln- organic Materia Medica. The various drugs are grouped aclcofding to their medicinal actions, the alkalies, mineral acids, the. a ogen - , b ' t k u as groups and then the drugs composing gliiieiulfoiiitpj ariusgudaiednfoiig special actionS, Glfhef COHJUTHTY JUQ, 013 111 a,ddi?i0n t0 the grgup properties already considered. In each instance the Offigial Latin and prescription titles and common names of these group members as Well as a complete definition and description are g1t'e3nI.ethOdS of preservation as Well as handling the various drugs in the lgbgrgtory periods aids the student in becoming thoroughly Page .61 ,U v v g W

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'N5 W 'f: W f - D W Y Y Ns -- ,,mv - iixxiee as as iiifn fljtta ifoxost 53-5 7 Q-Q 'sk 4 , r Physiology and Toxicology N -Ulillrfll to come to a. more complete realization of the effect ot drugs and poisons upon the human system, it is necessary to understand that system. in ancient times and instances of - H - - s- . - R- . ti easily found. lo combat the etlect-s not poisons, the body functions must be understood. and in the Junior year the general principles of physiol- ogy and the main organs and systems of the body, of interest to the pharmacist. are considered. - . Linder the able guidance of Doctor Frederick Schroeder, head ol this department. such topics as the skeleton, the blood circulation, respiration.. food absorption, the nervous system, the special senses, common injuries and general hygienic topics are made clear. lflach lecture is illustrated by suitable dissections, charts, models, laboratory exercises and demonstrations. The latter are ably con- ducted by Mr. Joseph A.. Ortolan and serve as a means of emphasizing points made in Doctor Schroeder's lectures. With this background, Doctor Schroeder proceeds in the Senior year to take up in detail the kinds of poisons, the classes of antidotes, the general emergency treatment of poisoning, with the detailed methods used and the results aimed at, the various body conditions which modify the effects of poisons, and the various channels by which they may be introduced into the body. Later, each poison is taken up in detail, its effects upon the various organs of the body are pointed out, and the symptoms and treat- ment of poisoning by each are thoroughly and definitely explained, the suitable chemical, mechanical and physiological antidotes being emphasized in each case. Throughout the course, practical examples taken from .years of experience in Doctor Schroeder's extensive medical practice, help to fix symptoms and treatment in the student's minds and so tends toward the attainment of greater practical knowledge in this field. Since there are safety limits on practically all drugs, Posology plays a large part in the course and the doses of all official drugs and those of the veryactive or poisonous drugs are given special emphasis. . The student is thus properly fitted to cope With any emergency that may arise due to mistaken dose of a poisonous drug, and many instances are on record Where prompt action, on the Daft Of 3' Phill'- macist, before the arrival of a physician, saved 3 life- N J Page 63 1 I J P04 s Y ' ' soak! fQIsJ'