Bon Homme Richard (CVA 31) - Naval Cruise Book

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In 1778 john Paul jones arrived in France with prizes from battle with English ships, with Benjamin Franklin and King Louis XVI he laid plans for outfitting an American squadron to prey upon British commerce close to her home islands. Franklin bought the Indiaman, named the DUC De DURAS, and it was renamed BON HOMME RICHARD by Capt. Jones in honor of Franklin's own POOR RICHARD'S ALMANAC. Jones redesigned the frigate to make her a 2-deck warship but even his shipboard genius was strained by the basic material. She was an old, weak, and notoriously slow sailor, a brine-soaked hulk condemned by insurance companies. Her hull was barnacled, her deck blistered and her sails rotten. The guns were museum pieces-the cannon balls were so small that wads of oakum were wrapped around them. Only Jones could mold into shape the babel of Lascars, Malays, Portuguese, and British prisoners that made up the crew. It was a Castaway ship of castaways led by Jones, Richard Dale and 80 American sailors. In mid-1779 she sailed on her first cruise, accompanied by the Alliance, Pallas, Cerf and Vengeance, convoying a fleet of transports from L'Orient to Bordeaux and proceeding around the coast of the British Isles. Despite a conflict of interests with Pierre Landais of the Alliance which resulted in a collision with Landais ship that carried away the Bon Homme Richard s head jibboom an escape by a boatload of British and Irish prisoners fierce -gales which wreaked havoc on the ships and a disappointing lack of prizes the vessels finally came across the Baltic merchant fleet which Jones had been eagerly anticipating. The two fleets began combat at dusk with the BHR simultaneously exchanging broadsides with the HMS SERAPIS commanded by Capt. Richard Pearson. The BHR received the worst punishment in the fierce battle that followed as the more powerful Serapis silenced her gun decks cut her sail braces and rigging and stripped her to her ribs. Making matters worse the Alliance fired on the BHR tit has never been determined whether through mistake or on purposej. At last a favorable wind allowed jones to ram the Serapis and with heavy hawser his men lashed its bowsprit to the BHR s shrouds. The ship clung to the Serapis like a burning sponge and if the seas had risen it would have sunk on the spot. With a ship riddled from stem to stern and fires raging close to the magazines Jones was asked by Pearson if he wished quarter. It is a naval axiom that no ship is lost until her Capt. thinks it so and jones replied with the famous phrase that has been immortalized in U.S. naval history. The tide swiftly turned. Deadly rifie fire by marine snippers in the rigginghad cleared the Serapis' gun decks and accurately tossed grenades had detonated the Serapis powder in a huge burst of fiame and smoke carrying away the mainmast and taking many lives. Jones boarders attacked with pike and Cutlass swarming over the rail onto the Serapis. Capt. Pearson could stand no more bloodshed and person- ally struck his colors. john Paul Jones transferred his command to the Serapis and cut away what was left of his former ship which soon settled by the bow her stern lifted high out of the water. The American Hag Was the last part of the Bon Homme Richard seen the last symbol of this ship which was first a tramp and 'Chen a I wreck but which was wreat ,ed in glory by the performance of her hands in the last big engagement fought overseas by the American Continental Navy. The second and present Bon.1Homg-fe Richard was built in the Brooklyn Navy Yard in 1943 and was launched by MTS- .lOl1H S. if l'cCain ion 29 April 1944. Commissioning ceremonies took place in the navy Yard 011 November 26 1,94?i1anfd the first skipper appointed to lead the new carrier into 'action was A.O. Rule If- CSiHCe C1905 sgdb. Wfirh CVG-16 embarked the ship proceededJ1Q.'S,g Diego via the Panama Canal, after omitting allglf' ,,,,.11,,,...Q21iUiUg 9XefCiS ' Chesapea yi rifxgroup was trained in Pearl Harbor and the ' . Fflllithl in I' c ,.,. jus with CVGLNJ-91X,aboard. joining up With. Task Forc 38 at si.-Q4 I 1945 the BH'rj vlaunchvd day and rxlghtgsfrikeg agaifie t Gkrlno Daito Jima' Tl, , pf'-' of the Oki: i1Mfarl,Qam,fQ'4iQl ,QI ',i. - f L' she condijc iairastrikc bombardmq me fnpanese iflands of Hokl?-,ido Honsl lf iiyushuzanir,-g uriigi'-fie pefod A.xLx X , - I - sisxxx F Q S ' Q i--- an , X , .V -SS .- , Q L ' - 4 ----f ' -... 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